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Chang S, Lv J, Wang X, Su J, Bian C, Zheng Z, Yu H, Bao J, Xin Y, Jiang X. Pathogenic mechanisms and latest therapeutic approaches for radiation-induced lung injury: a narrative review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024:104461. [PMID: 39103129 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of thoracic tumors with ionizing radiation can cause radiation-induced lung injury (RILI), which includes radiation pneumonitis and radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Preventing RILI is crucial for controlling tumor growth and improving quality of life. However, the serious adverse effects of traditional RILI treatment methods remain a major obstacle, necessitating the development of novel treatment options that are both safe and effective. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of RILI and explores novel treatment options, including natural compounds, gene therapy, nanomaterials, and mesenchymal stem cells. These recent experimental approaches show potential as effective prevention and treatment options for RILI in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitong Chang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Jincai Lv
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Xuanzhong Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Jing Su
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Chenbin Bian
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Zhuangzhuang Zheng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Huiyuan Yu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Jindian Bao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Ying Xin
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Xin Jiang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Cinar R, Basu A, Arif M, Park JK, Zawatsky CN, Zuo BLG, Zuo MXG, O’Brien KJ, Behan M, Introne W, Iyer MR, Gahl WA, Malicdan MCV, Gochuico BR. Anandamide is an Early Blood Biomarker of Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome Pulmonary Fibrosis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.16.24307300. [PMID: 38798603 PMCID: PMC11118631 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.16.24307300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a group of rare genetic disorders, with several subtypes leading to fatal adult-onset pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and no effective treatment. Circulating biomarkers detecting early PF have not been identified. We investigated whether endocannabinoids could serve as blood biomarkers of PF in HPS. We measured endocannabinoids in the serum of HPS, IPF, and healthy human subjects and in a mouse model of HPSPF. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) were correlated with endocannabinoid measurements. In a pale ear mouse model of bleomycin-induced HPSPF, serum endocannabinoid levels were measured with and without treatment with zevaquenabant (MRI-1867), a peripheral CB1R and iNOS antagonist. In three separate cohorts, circulating anandamide levels were increased in HPS-1 patients with or without PF, compared to healthy volunteers. This increase was not observed in IPF patients or in HPS-3 patients, who do not have PF. Circulating anandamide (AEA) levels were negatively correlated with PFT. Furthermore, a longitudinal study over the course of 5-14 years with HPS-1 patients indicated that circulating AEA levels begin to increase with the fibrotic lung process even at the subclinical stages of HPSPF. In pale ear mice with bleomycin-induced HpsPF, serum AEA levels were significantly increased in the earliest stages of PF and remained elevated at a later fibrotic stage. Zevaquenabant treatment reduced the increased AEA levels and attenuated progression in bleomycin-induced HpsPF. Circulating AEA may be a prognostic blood biomarker for PF in HPS-1 patients. Further studies are indicated to evaluate endocannabinoids as potential surrogate biomarkers in progressive fibrotic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resat Cinar
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Abhishek Basu
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Joshua K. Park
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Charles N. Zawatsky
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Ben Long G. Zuo
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Mei Xing G. Zuo
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Kevin J. O’Brien
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Molly Behan
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Wendy Introne
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Malliga R. Iyer
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA
| | - William A. Gahl
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - May Christine V. Malicdan
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bernadette R. Gochuico
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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3
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Das S, Ghosh A, Karmakar V, Khawas S, Vatsha P, Roy KK, Behera PC. Cannabis effectiveness on immunologic potency of pulmonary contagion. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 35:129-142. [PMID: 38635412 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2023-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory illnesses and its repercussions are becoming more prevalent worldwide. It is necessary to research both innovative treatment and preventative techniques. Millions of confirmed cases and fatalities from the COVID-19 epidemic occurred over the previous two years. According to the review research, cannabinoids are a class of medicines that should be considered for the treatment of respiratory conditions. Cannabinoids and inhibitors of endocannabinoid degradation have illustrated advantageous anti-inflammatory, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, and pulmonary artery hypotension in numerous studies (in vitro and in vivo). It has been also noted that CB2 receptors on macrophages and T-helper cells may be particularly triggered to lower inflammation in COVID-19 patients. Since the majority of lung tissue contains cannabinoid receptors, cannabis can be an effective medical tool for treating COVID-19 as well as pulmonary infections. Notably, CB2 and CB1 receptors play a major role in immune system modulation and anti-inflammatory activities. In this review, we put forth the idea that cannabis might be helpful in treating pulmonary contagion brought on by viral integration, such as that caused by SARS-CoV-2, haemophilus influenza type b, Streptococcus pneumoniae, influenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus. Also, a detailed overview of CB receptors, intricate mechanisms, is highlighted connecting link with COVID-19 viral structural modifications along with molecular basis of CB receptors in diminishing viral load in pulmonary disorders supported through evident literature studies. Further, futuristic evaluations on cannabis potency through novel formulation development focusing on in vivo/in vitro systems can produce promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumana Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 28698 Birla Institute of Technology , Ranchi, India
| | - Arya Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 28698 Birla Institute of Technology , Ranchi, India
| | - Varnita Karmakar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 28698 Birla Institute of Technology , Ranchi, India
| | - Sourav Khawas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 521742 Jharkhand Rai University , Ranchi, India
| | - Piyush Vatsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 521742 Jharkhand Rai University , Ranchi, India
| | - Kishor Kumar Roy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 521742 Jharkhand Rai University , Ranchi, India
| | - Padma Charan Behera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Technology, MAKAUT university, Dubrajpur, Birbhum 731123, India
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Zaher A, Duchman B, Ivanovic M, Spitz DR, Furqan M, Allen BG, Petronek MS. Exploratory Analysis of Image-Guided Ionizing Radiation Delivery to Induce Long-Term Iron Accumulation and Ferritin Expression in a Lung Injury Model: Preliminary Results. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:182. [PMID: 38391668 PMCID: PMC10886280 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation therapy (RT) is an integral and commonly used therapeutic modality for primary lung cancer. However, radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) limits the irradiation dose used in the lung and is a significant source of morbidity. Disruptions in iron metabolism have been linked to radiation injury, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. PURPOSE To utilize a targeted radiation delivery approach to induce RILI for the development of a model system to study the role of radiation-induced iron accumulation in RILI. METHODS This study utilizes a Small Animal Radiation Research Platform (SARRP) to target the right lung with a 20 Gy dose while minimizing the dose delivered to the left lung and adjacent heart. Long-term pulmonary function was performed using RespiRate-x64image analysis. Normal-appearing lung volumes were calculated using a cone beam CT (CBCT) image thresholding approach in 3D Slicer software. Quantification of iron accumulation was performed spectrophotometrically using a ferrozine-based assay as well as histologically using Prussian blue and via Western blotting for ferritin heavy chain expression. RESULTS Mild fibrosis was seen histologically in the irradiated lung using hematoxylin and eosin-stained fixed tissue at 9 months, as well as using a scoring system from CBCT images, the Szapiel scoring system, and the highest fibrotic area metric. In contrast, no changes in breathing rate were observed, and median survival was not achieved up to 36 weeks following irradiation, consistent with mild lung fibrosis when only one lung was targeted. Our study provided preliminary evidence on increased iron content and ferritin heavy chain expression in the irradiated lung, thus warranting further investigation. CONCLUSIONS A targeted lung irradiation model may be a useful approach for studying the long-term pathological effects associated with iron accumulation and RILI following ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Zaher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Free Radical and Radiation Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Bryce Duchman
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep Medicine & Physiology, UC San Diego Health, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Marina Ivanovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loyola University Health System, Loyola University, Chicago, IL 60660, USA
| | - Douglas R Spitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Free Radical and Radiation Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Muhammad Furqan
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Bryan G Allen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Free Radical and Radiation Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Michael S Petronek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Free Radical and Radiation Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Krzyżewska A, Baranowska-Kuczko M, Kasacka I, Kozłowska H. Cannabidiol alleviates right ventricular fibrosis by inhibiting the transforming growth factor β pathway in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166753. [PMID: 37187449 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-intoxicating compound of Cannabis with anti-fibrotic properties. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a disease that can lead to right ventricular (RV) failure and premature death. There is evidence that CBD reduces monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH, including reducing right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), vasorelaxant effect on pulmonary arteries, and decreasing expression of profibrotic markers in the lungs. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of chronic administration of CBD (10 mg/kg daily for 21 days) on profibrotic parameters in the RVs of MCT-induced PH rats. In MCT-induced PH, we found an increase in profibrotic parameters and parameters related to RV dysfunction, i.e. plasma pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), cardiomyocyte width, interstitial and perivascular fibrosis area, amount of fibroblasts and fibronectin, as well as overexpression of the transforming growth of factor β1 (TGF-β1), galectin-3 (Gal-3), suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic 2 (SMAD2), phosphorylated SMAD2 (pSMAD2) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). In contrast, vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) levels were decreased in the RVs of MCT-induced PH rats. Administration of CBD reduced the amount of plasma NT-proBNP, the width of cardiomyocytes, the amount of fibrosis area, fibronectin and fibroblast expression, as well as decreased the expression of TGF-β1, Gal-3, SMAD2, pSMAD2, and increased the level of VE-cadherin. Overall, CBD has been found to have the anti-fibrotic potential in MCT-induced PH. As such, CBD may act as an adjuvant therapy for PH, however, further detailed investigations are recommended to confirm our promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Krzyżewska
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Marta Baranowska-Kuczko
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Irena Kasacka
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Hanna Kozłowska
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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6
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Cannabinoid Compounds as a Pharmacotherapeutic Option for the Treatment of Non-Cancer Skin Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244102. [PMID: 36552866 PMCID: PMC9777118 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system has been shown to be involved in various skin functions, such as melanogenesis and the maintenance of redox balance in skin cells exposed to UV radiation, as well as barrier functions, sebaceous gland activity, wound healing and the skin's immune response. In addition to the potential use of cannabinoids in the treatment and prevention of skin cancer, cannabinoid compounds and derivatives are of interest as potential systemic and topical applications for the treatment of various inflammatory, fibrotic and pruritic skin conditions. In this context, cannabinoid compounds have been successfully tested as a therapeutic option for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia, atopic and seborrhoeic dermatitis, dermatomyositis, asteatotic and atopic eczema, uraemic pruritis, scalp psoriasis, systemic sclerosis and venous leg ulcers. This review provides an insight into the current literature on cannabinoid compounds as potential medicines for the treatment of skin diseases.
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Liu T, Gu J, Yuan Y, Yang Q, Zheng PF, Shan C, Wang F, Li H, Xie XQ, Chen XH, Ouyang Q. Discovery of a pyrano[2,3-b]pyridine derivative YX-2102 as a cannabinoid receptor 2 agonist for alleviating lung fibrosis. J Transl Med 2022; 20:565. [PMID: 36474298 PMCID: PMC9724349 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03773-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacological modulation of cannabinoid 2 receptor (CB2R) is a promising therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Thus, to develop CB2R selective ligands with new chemical space has attracted much research interests. This work aims to discover a novel CB2R agonist from an in-house library, and to evaluate its therapeutic effects on PF model, as well as to disclose the pharmacological mechanism. METHODS Virtual screening was used to identify the candidate ligand for CB2R from a newly established in-house library. Both in vivo experiments on PF rat model and in vitro experiments on cells were performed to investigate the therapeutic effects of the lead compound and underlying mechanism. RESULTS A "natural product-like" pyrano[2,3-b]pyridine derivative, YX-2102 was identified that bound to CB2R with high affinity. Intraperitoneal YX-2102 injections significantly ameliorated lung injury, inflammation and fibrosis in a rat model of PF induced by bleomycin (BLM). On one hand, YX-2102 inhibited inflammatory response at least partially through modulating macrophages polarization thereby exerting protective effects. Whereas, on the other hand, YX-2102 significantly upregulated CB2R expression in alveolar epithelial cells in vivo. Its pretreatment inhibited lung alveolar epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and PF model induced by transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) via a CB2 receptor-dependent pathway. Further studies suggested that the Nrf2-Smad7 pathway might be involved in. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that CB2R is a potential target for PF treatment and YX-2102 is a promising CB2R agonist with new chemical space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jing Gu
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qunfang Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Peng-Fei Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Changyu Shan
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fangqin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiang-Qun Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Xiao-Hong Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Qin Ouyang
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Remiszewski P, Pędzińska-Betiuk A, Mińczuk K, Schlicker E, Klimek J, Dzięcioł J, Malinowska B. Effects of the peripheral CB1 receptor antagonist JD5037 in mono— and polytherapy with the AMPK activator metformin in a monocrotaline-induced rat model of pulmonary hypertension. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:965613. [PMID: 36120288 PMCID: PMC9479636 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.965613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a disease leading to increased pressure in the pulmonary artery and right heart failure. The adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator, metformin, has a protective effect against PH. CB1 receptor blockade reduces the number of pathological alterations in experimental lung fibrosis. The current study evaluates the effect of the peripheral cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist JD5037 in mono- and polytherapy with metformin in rat monocrotaline-induced mild PH. Animals received metformin (100 mg/kg), JD5037 (3 mg/kg), or a combination of both once daily for 21 days. Monocrotaline (60 mg/kg) increased right ventricular (RV) systolic pressure (RVSP), led to RV and lung hypertrophy and remodeling, and decreased oxygen saturation. Metformin partially restored the monocrotaline-induced effects, i.e., decreased RVSP, increased oxygen saturation, and counteracted cardiac fibrotic, hypertrophic, and inflammatory changes. JD5037 modified parameters related to inflammation and/or fibrosis. Only polytherapy with metformin and JD5037 improved Fulton’s index and coronary artery hypertrophy and tended to be more effective than monotherapy against alterations in RVSP, oxygen saturation and coronary artery tunica media vacuolization. In conclusion, monotherapy with JD5037 does not markedly influence the PH-related changes. However, polytherapy with metformin tends to be more efficient than any of these compounds alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Remiszewski
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Pędzińska-Betiuk
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Mińczuk
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Eberhard Schlicker
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Justyna Klimek
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Janusz Dzięcioł
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Barbara Malinowska
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- *Correspondence: Barbara Malinowska,
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9
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He Q, Zhang W, Zhang J, Deng Y. Cannabinoid Analogue WIN 55212-2 Protects Paraquat-Induced Lung Injury and Enhances Macrophage M2 Polarization. Inflammation 2022; 45:2256-2267. [PMID: 35674874 PMCID: PMC9174632 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01688-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
WIN 55212-2 is an endocannabinoids analogue that has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis effects on different models. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of WIN 55212-2 on paraquat (PQ)-induced poison on mice especially on lung injury. Mice were administrated with different dose of PQ and thereafter treated with 0.2 mg/kg or 1 mg/kg WIN 55212-2. The survival of mice was recorded during 4 weeks of observation. Twenty-eight days after PQ treatment, the cell population and inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Pulmonary fibrosis was evaluated by Masson staining. Our results showed that WIN 55212-2 treatment reduced PQ-induced mortality of mice in a dose dependent manner. It decreased the number of inflammation-associated cells, as well as the level of pro-inflammatory factors in BALF (P < 0.05). WIN 55212-2 increased M2 cells in BALF (P < 0.05), improved the lung histology, reduced fibrosis formation, and decreased TGF-β, α-SMA and PDGFRa expression. The protective effects of WIN 55212-2 on PQ-induced lung injury and fibrosis were associated with an increase inM2 cells and increased expressions of IL-10, CD163, and CD206, suggesting that polarization of M2 macrophages may be involved in WIN 55212-2 protective effects on PQ-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan He
- Department of Emergency, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province,the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Xishan District, No.157 Jinbi Road Yunnan Province, Kunming City, China.
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Basic Research Institute, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology,Xishan District, No.157 Jinbi Road Yunnan Province, Kunming City, China
| | - Jinjuan Zhang
- Department of Basic Research Institute, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology,Xishan District, No.157 Jinbi Road Yunnan Province, Kunming City, China
| | - Yuanyou Deng
- Department of Emergency, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province,the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Xishan District, No.157 Jinbi Road Yunnan Province, Kunming City, China
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10
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Chen D, Tang H, Jiang H, Sun L, Zhao W, Qian F. ACPA Alleviates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting TGF-β-Smad2/3 Signaling-Mediated Lung Fibroblast Activation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:835979. [PMID: 35355726 PMCID: PMC8959577 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.835979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a group of life-threatening diseases with limited therapeutic options. The involvement of cannabinoid type 1 receptors (CB1R) has been indicated in fibrotic diseases, but whether or not the activation of CB1R can be a benefit for fibrosis treatment is controversial. In this study, we investigated the effects of arachidonoylcyclopropylamide (ACPA), as a selective CB1R agonist, on bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis. We showed that ACPA treatment significantly improved the survival rate of BLM-treated mice, alleviated BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and inhibited the expressions of extracellular matrix (ECM) markers, such as collagen, fibronectin, and α-SMA. The enhanced expressions of ECM markers in transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)-challenged primary lung fibroblasts isolated from mouse lung tissues were inhibited by ACPA treatment in a dose-dependent manner, and the fibroblast migration triggered by TGF-β was dose-dependently diminished after ACPA administration. Moreover, the increased mRNA levels of CB1R were observed in both lung fibroblasts of BLM-induced fibrotic mice in vivo and TGF-β-challenged primary lung fibroblasts in vitro. CB1R-specific agonist ACPA significantly diminished the activation of TGF-β–Smad2/3 signaling, i.e., the levels of p-Smad2 and p-Smad3, and decreased the expressions of downstream effector proteins including slug and snail, which regulate ECM production, in TGF-β-challenged primary lung fibroblasts. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that CB1R-specific agonist ACPA exhibited antifibrotic efficacy in both in vitro and in vivo models of pulmonary fibrosis, revealing a novel anti-fibrosis approach to fibroblast-selective inhibition of TGF-β-Smad2/3 signaling by targeting CB1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxin Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huirong Tang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongchao Jiang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Qian
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
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11
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Kicman A, Pędzińska-Betiuk A, Kozłowska H. The potential of cannabinoids and inhibitors of endocannabinoid degradation in respiratory diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 911:174560. [PMID: 34648805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The global incidence of respiratory diseases and complications is increasing. Therefore, new methods of treatment, as well as prevention, need to be investigated. A group of compounds that should be considered for use in respiratory diseases is cannabinoids. There are three groups of cannabinoids - plant-derived phytocannabinoids, synthetic cannabinoids, and endogenous endocannabinoids including the enzymes responsible for their synthesis and degradation. All cannabinoids exert their biological effects through either type 1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1) and/or type 2 cannabinoid receptors (CB2). In numerous studies (in vitro and in vivo), cannabinoids and inhibitors of endocannabinoid degradation have shown beneficial anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-fibrotic properties. Although in the respiratory system, most of the studies have focused on the positive properties of cannabinoids and inhibitors of endocannabinoid degradation. There are few research reports discussing the negative impact of these compounds. This review summarizes the properties and mechanisms of action of cannabinoids and inhibitors of endocannabinoid degradation in various models of respiratory diseases. A short description of the effects selected cannabinoids have on the human respiratory system and their possible use in the fight against COVID-19 is also presented. Additionally, a brief summary is provided of cannabinoid receptors properties and their expression in the respiratory system and cells of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kicman
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-222, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Anna Pędzińska-Betiuk
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-222, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Hanna Kozłowska
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-222, Białystok, Poland.
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12
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The Peripheral Cannabinoid Receptor Type 1 (CB 1) as a Molecular Target for Modulating Body Weight in Man. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206178. [PMID: 34684760 PMCID: PMC8538448 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptor regulates appetite and body weight; however, unwanted central side effects of both agonists (in wasting disorders) or antagonists (in obesity and diabetes) have limited their therapeutic utility. At the peripheral level, CB1 receptor activation impacts the energy balance of mammals in a number of different ways: inhibiting satiety and emesis, increasing food intake, altering adipokine and satiety hormone levels, altering taste sensation, decreasing lipolysis (fat break down), and increasing lipogenesis (fat generation). The CB1 receptor also plays an important role in the gut–brain axis control of appetite and satiety. The combined effect of peripheral CB1 activation is to promote appetite, energy storage, and energy preservation (and the opposite is true for CB1 antagonists). Therefore, the next generation of CB1 receptor medicines (agonists and antagonists, and indirect modulators of the endocannabinoid system) have been peripherally restricted to mitigate these issues, and some of these are already in clinical stage development. These compounds also have demonstrated potential in other conditions such as alcoholic steatohepatitis and diabetic nephropathy (peripherally restricted CB1 antagonists) and pain conditions (peripherally restricted CB1 agonists and FAAH inhibitors). This review will discuss the mechanisms by which peripheral CB1 receptors regulate body weight, and the therapeutic utility of peripherally restricted drugs in the management of body weight and beyond.
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13
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Zawatsky CN, Park JK, Abdalla J, Kunos G, Iyer MR, Cinar R. Peripheral Hybrid CB 1R and iNOS Antagonist MRI-1867 Displays Anti-Fibrotic Efficacy in Bleomycin-Induced Skin Fibrosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:744857. [PMID: 34650521 PMCID: PMC8505776 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.744857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Scleroderma, or systemic sclerosis, is a multi-organ connective tissue disease resulting in fibrosis of the skin, heart, and lungs with no effective treatment. Endocannabinoids acting via cannabinoid-1 receptors (CB1R) and increased activity of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) promote tissue fibrosis including skin fibrosis, and joint targeting of these pathways may improve therapeutic efficacy. Recently, we showed that in mouse models of liver, lung and kidney fibrosis, treatment with a peripherally restricted hybrid CB1R/iNOS inhibitor (MRI-1867) yields greater anti-fibrotic efficacy than inhibiting either target alone. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of MRI-1867 in bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis. Skin fibrosis was induced in C57BL/6J (B6) and Mdr1a/b-Bcrp triple knock-out (KO) mice by daily subcutaneous injections of bleomycin (2 IU/100 µL) for 28 days. Starting on day 15, mice were treated for 2 weeks with daily oral gavage of vehicle or MRI-1867. Skin levels of MRI-1867 and endocannabinoids were measured by mass spectrometry to assess target exposure and engagement by MRI-1867. Fibrosis was characterized histologically by dermal thickening and biochemically by hydroxyproline content. We also evaluated the potential increase of drug-efflux associated ABC transporters by bleomycin in skin fibrosis, which could affect target exposure to test compounds, as reported in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis was comparable in B6 and Mdr1a/b-Bcrp KO mice. However, the skin level of MRI-1867, an MDR1 substrate, was dramatically lower in B6 mice (0.023 µM) than in Mdr1a/b-Bcrp KO mice (8.8 µM) due to a bleomycin-induced increase in efflux activity of MDR1 in fibrotic skin. Furthermore, the endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonylglycerol were elevated 2-4-fold in the fibrotic vs. control skin in both mouse strains. MRI-1867 treatment attenuated bleomycin-induced established skin fibrosis and the associated increase in endocannabinoids in Mdr1a/b-Bcrp KO mice but not in B6 mice. We conclude that combined inhibition of CB1R and iNOS is an effective anti-fibrotic strategy for scleroderma. As bleomycin induces an artifact in testing antifibrotic drug candidates that are substrates of drug-efflux transporters, using Mdr1a/b-Bcrp KO mice for preclinical testing of such compounds avoids this pitfall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles N. Zawatsky
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Joshua K. Park
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Jasmina Abdalla
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Malliga R. Iyer
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Resat Cinar
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
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14
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Han JH, Kim W. Peripheral CB1R as a modulator of metabolic inflammation. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21232. [PMID: 33715173 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001960r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation in insulin-sensitive tissues, including liver and adipose tissue, and causes hormonal/metabolic complications, such as insulin resistance. There is growing evidence that peripheral cannabinoid-type 1 receptor (CB1R) is a crucial participant in obesity-induced pro-inflammatory responses in insulin-target tissues, and its selective targeting could be a novel therapeutic strategy to break the link between insulin resistance and metabolic inflammation. In this review, we introduce the role of peripheral CB1R in metabolic inflammation and as a mediator of hormonal/metabolic complications that underlie metabolic syndrome, including fatty liver, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of second- and third-generation peripherally restricted CB1R antagonists for treating obesity-induced metabolic inflammation without eliciting central CB1R-mediated neurobehavioral effects, predictive of neuropsychiatric side effects, in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Han
- Department of Molecular Science & Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Wook Kim
- Department of Molecular Science & Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
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15
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Cinar R, Park JK, Zawatsky CN, Coffey NJ, Bodine SP, Abdalla J, Yokoyama T, Jourdan T, Jay L, Zuo MXG, O'Brien KJ, Huang J, Mackie K, Alimardanov A, Iyer MR, Gahl WA, Kunos G, Gochuico BR, Malicdan MCV. CB 1 R and iNOS are distinct players promoting pulmonary fibrosis in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e471. [PMID: 34323400 PMCID: PMC8255071 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare genetic disorder which, in its most common and severe form, HPS-1, leads to fatal adult-onset pulmonary fibrosis (PF) with no effective treatment. We evaluated the role of the endocannabinoid/CB1 R system and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) for dual-target therapeutic strategy using human bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lung samples from patients with HPS and controls, HPS-PF patient-derived lung fibroblasts, and bleomycin-induced PF in pale ear mice (HPS1ep/ep ). We found overexpression of CB1 R and iNOS in fibrotic lungs of HPSPF patients and bleomycin-infused pale ear mice. The endocannabinoid anandamide was elevated in BALF and negatively correlated with pulmonary function parameters in HPSPF patients and pale ear mice with bleomycin-induced PF. Simultaneous targeting of CB1 R and iNOS by MRI-1867 yielded greater antifibrotic efficacy than inhibiting either target alone by attenuating critical pathologic pathways. Moreover, MRI-1867 treatment abrogated bleomycin-induced increases in lung levels of the profibrotic interleukin-11 via iNOS inhibition and reversed mitochondrial dysfunction via CB1 R inhibition. Dual inhibition of CB1 R and iNOS is an effective antifibrotic strategy for HPSPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resat Cinar
- Section on Fibrotic DisordersNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of HealthMarylandUSA
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Joshua K. Park
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Charles N. Zawatsky
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Nathan J. Coffey
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Steven P. Bodine
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Jasmina Abdalla
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Tadafumi Yokoyama
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
- Present address:
Department of PediatricsKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Tony Jourdan
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
- Present address:
INSERM Lipids, Nutrition, Cancer UMR1231University of Burgundy and Franche‐ComtéDijonFrance
| | - Lindsey Jay
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Mei Xing G. Zuo
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Kevin J. O'Brien
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Junfeng Huang
- Therapeutics Development BranchDivision of Preclinical InnovationNational Center for Advancing Translational SciencesNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Ken Mackie
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Asaf Alimardanov
- Therapeutics Development BranchDivision of Preclinical InnovationNational Center for Advancing Translational SciencesNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Malliga R. Iyer
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - William A. Gahl
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical DirectorNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic StudiesNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Bernadette R. Gochuico
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - May Christine V. Malicdan
- Section of Human Biochemical GeneticsMedical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program and Office of the Clinical DirectorNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
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16
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Dao M, François H. Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Inhibition in Chronic Kidney Disease: A New Therapeutic Toolbox. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:720734. [PMID: 34305821 PMCID: PMC8293381 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.720734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) concerns millions of individuals worldwide, with few therapeutic strategies available to date. Recent evidence suggests that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) could be a new therapeutic target to prevent CKD. ECS combines receptors, cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) and type 2 (CB2R), and ligands. The most prominent receptor within the kidney is CB1R, its endogenous local ligands being anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol. Therefore, the present review focuses on the therapeutic potential of CB1R and not CB2R. In the normal kidney, CB1R is expressed in many cell types, especially in the vasculature where it contributes to the regulation of renal hemodynamics. CB1R could also participate to water and sodium balance and to blood pressure regulation but its precise role remains to decipher. CB1R promotes renal fibrosis in both metabolic and non-metabolic nephropathies. In metabolic syndrome, obesity and diabetes, CB1R inhibition not only improves metabolic parameters, but also exerts a direct role in preventing renal fibrosis. In non-metabolic nephropathies, its inhibition reduces the development of renal fibrosis. There is a growing interest of the industry to develop new CB1R antagonists without central nervous side-effects. Experimental data on renal fibrosis are encouraging and some molecules are currently under early-stage clinical phases (phases I and IIa studies). In the present review, we will first describe the role of the endocannabinoid receptors, especially CB1R, in renal physiology. We will next explore the role of endocannabinoid receptors in both metabolic and non-metabolic CKD and renal fibrosis. Finally, we will discuss the therapeutic potential of CB1R inhibition using the new pharmacological approaches. Overall, the new pharmacological blockers of CB1R could provide an additional therapeutic toolbox in the management of CKD and renal fibrosis from both metabolic and non-metabolic origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Dao
- INSERM UMR_S 1155, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Néphrologie et Transplantation Rénale Adulte, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Helene François
- INSERM UMR_S 1155, Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Soins Intensifs Néphrologiques et Rein Aigu (SINRA), Hôpital Tenon, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Helene François,
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Kosiakova HV, Chumak SA, Berdyshev AG, Pinchuk IY, Hula NM, Chumak AA. RADIATION DAMAGE OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND ENDOCANABINOIDS. PROBLEMY RADIAT︠S︡IĬNOÏ MEDYT︠S︡YNY TA RADIOBIOLOHIÏ 2020; 25:75-89. [PMID: 33361830 DOI: 10.33145/2304-8336-2020-25-75-89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The review analyzes the change of the existing paradigm of high radioresistance of the nervous system according tothe results of the study of neuropsychiatric disorders in in the aftermath of the Chornobyl accident in both earlyand remote post-accident period. The participation of the endocannabinoid system in ensuring homeostasis andpathology formation, potential possibilities of using cannabis drugs, agonists and antagonists of endocannabinoidreceptors for the treatment of early and long-term effects of radiation are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- H V Kosiakova
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovich St., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - S A Chumak
- Institute of Psychiatry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 36 Lomonosov St., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine
| | - A G Berdyshev
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovich St., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - I Ya Pinchuk
- Institute of Psychiatry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 36 Lomonosov St., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine
| | - N M Hula
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovich St., Kyiv, 01054, Ukraine
| | - A A Chumak
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriy Ilyenko St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
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18
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Zawatsky CN, Abdalla J, Cinar R. Synthetic cannabinoids induce acute lung inflammation via cannabinoid receptor 1 activation. ERJ Open Res 2020; 6:00121-2020. [PMID: 32832534 PMCID: PMC7430153 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00121-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic cannabinoid (SC) use has persisted in the United States despite schedule-1 placement under the Synthetic Drug Abuse Prevention Act of 2012 [1]. Analysis of the National Poison Data System indicates that hospitalisations caused by SC use increased significantly between 2010 and 2015 [2]. Moreover, there is a trend of the increasing use of such compounds among adolescents [3]. SCs are often 30–100-fold more potent than Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major psychoactive ingredient of cannabis, in activating Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R). Users are attracted to SCs because of the cheaper, novel and stronger highs such substances offer compared to cannabis, and because the compounds are not screened for in typical drug tests [1, 2]. Among those hospitalised for SC use, some patients exhibited respiratory failure [4–7], pulmonary infiltrates [5, 7], alveolar damage or haemorrhage [5–7] and histopathologic features similar to organising pneumonia [4–6]. The mechanism by which SCs damage pulmonary tissue has yet to be elucidated – whether by SC binding at CB1R, CB2R or another receptor, and what downstream effects such binding elicits. Solving this conundrum is the first step in optimising treatment for patients presenting with SC-related respiratory distress. Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) induce a pro-inflammatory condition by activating cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) in the lungs of mice, which raises a potential therapeutic use of CB1R antagonists in SC-induced lung disease resulting in hospitalisationhttps://bit.ly/31bWw4Q
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles N Zawatsky
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Jasmina Abdalla
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Resat Cinar
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
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19
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Leuti A, Fazio D, Fava M, Piccoli A, Oddi S, Maccarrone M. Bioactive lipids, inflammation and chronic diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:133-169. [PMID: 32628989 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous bioactive lipids are part of a complex network that modulates a plethora of cellular and molecular processes involved in health and disease, of which inflammation represents one of the most prominent examples. Inflammation serves as a well-conserved defence mechanism, triggered in the event of chemical, mechanical or microbial damage, that is meant to eradicate the source of damage and restore tissue function. However, excessive inflammatory signals, or impairment of pro-resolving/anti-inflammatory pathways leads to chronic inflammation, which is a hallmark of chronic pathologies. All main classes of endogenous bioactive lipids - namely eicosanoids, specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators, lysoglycerophopsholipids and endocannabinoids - have been consistently involved in the chronic inflammation that characterises pathologies such as cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis, asthma, as well as autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases. This review gathers the current knowledge concerning the involvement of endogenous bioactive lipids in the pathogenic processes of chronic inflammatory pathologies.
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20
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The therapeutic potential of second and third generation CB1R antagonists. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 208:107477. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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21
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Bozkurt TE. Endocannabinoid System in the Airways. Molecules 2019; 24:E4626. [PMID: 31861200 PMCID: PMC6943521 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoids and the mammalian endocannabinoid system is an important research area of interest and attracted many researchers because of their widespread biological effects. The significant immune-modulatory role of cannabinoids has suggested their therapeutic use in several inflammatory conditions. Airways are prone to environmental irritants and stimulants, and increased inflammation is an important process in most of the respiratory diseases. Therefore, the main strategies for treating airway diseases are suppression of inflammation and producing bronchodilation. The ability of cannabinoids to induce bronchodilation and modify inflammation indicates their importance for airway physiology and pathologies. In this review, the contribution of cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system in the airways are discussed, and the existing data for their therapeutic use in airway diseases are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turgut Emrah Bozkurt
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
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22
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Nguyen T, Thomas BF, Zhang Y. Overcoming the Psychiatric Side Effects of the Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Antagonists: Current Approaches for Therapeutics Development. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:1418-1435. [PMID: 31284863 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190708164841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor (CB1R) is involved in a variety of physiological pathways and has long been considered a golden target for therapeutic manipulation. A large body of evidence in both animal and human studies suggests that CB1R antagonism is highly effective for the treatment of obesity, metabolic disorders and drug addiction. However, the first-in-class CB1R antagonist/inverse agonist, rimonabant, though demonstrating effectiveness for obesity treatment and smoking cessation, displays serious psychiatric side effects, including anxiety, depression and even suicidal ideation, resulting in its eventual withdrawal from the European market. Several strategies are currently being pursued to circumvent the mechanisms leading to these side effects by developing neutral antagonists, peripherally restricted ligands, and allosteric modulators. In this review, we describe the progress in the development of therapeutics targeting the CB1R in the last two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Nguyen
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Brian F Thomas
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
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Decreased Expression of Cannabinoid Receptors in the Eutopic and Ectopic Endometrium of Patients with Adenomyosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5468954. [PMID: 30800671 PMCID: PMC6360557 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5468954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective Adenomyosis is a common gynecologic benign disease that may have a life-long negative impact on women. Previous studies have indicated that the endocannabinoid system may participate in the progress of endometriosis. Our research aims to analyze the expression patterns of the typical cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2), the main constituents of the endocannabinoid system, in endometrial samples derived from patients diagnosed as adenomyosis or not. Methods Eutopic and corresponding ectopic endometrium from 45 premenopausal women diagnosed as adenomyosis and normal endometrium from 34 age-matched women lacking evidence of adenomyosis were examined by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to determine the CB1 and CB2 expression levels. Results In either the proliferative or the secretory phase, CB1 and CB2 protein and mRNA levels were both significantly lower in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium of adenomyosis when compared with normal endometrium. For women with adenomyosis, CB1 and CB2 protein and mRNA levels were much lower in the ectopic endometrium than the eutopic in both phases of the cycle. Both CB1 and CB2 protein and mRNA levels were increased during the secretory phase in normal endometrium, while CB1 lost its cyclic variation in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium from patients diagnosed as adenomyosis. Conclusion The decreased expression of CB1 and CB2 in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium from patients diagnosed as adenomyosis suggests that cannabinoid receptors may participate in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis.
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Kuo SJ, Wang FS, Ko JY, Tang CH, Siu KK, Hsu YH, Tsai TC. Increased expression of type 1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptor among patients with rotator cuff lesions and shoulder stiffness. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2018; 27:333-338. [PMID: 29108858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shoulder stiffness is a disease manifested by pain, limited range of motion, and functional disability. The inflammatory and fibrosis processes play a substantial role in the pathogenesis of shoulder stiffness. The CB1 receptor has been recognized to mediate the processes of pathologic fibrosis. This study investigated the role of the CB1 pathway in pathogenesis of rotator cuff lesions with shoulder stiffness. METHODS All of the patients undergoing repair surgery for rotator cuff lesions were recruited and subcategorized into subjects with and without shoulder stiffness. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay was used to evaluate the expression level of CB1 and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) in the subacromial bursae, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the concentration of CB1 and IL-1β in the subacromial fluid. Tenocytes treated with CB1 agonists and antagonists were also studied for the relationship of CB1 and the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. RESULTS The patients with shoulder stiffness had higher messenger RNA (mRNA) expression (P = .040) and immunohistochemistry staining (P < .001) of CB1 in the subacromial bursa and higher CB1 concentration in the subacromial fluid (P = .008). Tenocytes treated with the CB1 agonist WIN 55,212-2 and antagonist AM251 showed increased expression of IL-1β mRNA (P = .049) and suppressed expression of IL-1β mRNA (P = .001), respectively. DISCUSSION The CB1 pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of shoulder stiffness. It may be a promising target for the treatment of rotator cuff lesions with shoulder stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jui Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Sheng Wang
- Core Lab for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Yang Ko
- Core Lab for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Fujian, China
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Ka-Kit Siu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hung Hsu
- Core Lab for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chen Tsai
- Core Lab for Phenomics and Diagnostics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Zheng D, Mou HP, Diao P, Li XM, Zhang CL, Jiang J, Chen JL, Wang LS, Wang Q, Zhou GY, Chen J, Lin C, Yuan ZP. Chemoradiotherapy in combination with radical surgery is associated with better outcome in cervical cancer patients. Oncotarget 2017; 9:2866-2875. [PMID: 29416819 PMCID: PMC5788687 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To retrospectively assess the influence of radical surgery following concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) on outcomes in cervical cancer (CC) patients. Methods Patients diagnosed with cervical squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma (FIGO stages IB2 to IIB) at the Yinbin Second People's Hospital between September 2008 and September 2013, were included in this study. Patients were classified into 2 groups based on the treatment received: surgery group (CCRT plus radical surgery) and non-surgery groups (CCRT only). In addition to clinical information, inter-group differences with respect to local control rate (LCR), local recurrence rate (LRR), metastasis rate, overall survival (OS), progress free survival(PFS) and complications were assessed. Results A total of 314 patients were included in the analysis. Parametrial invasion, pelvic lymph node metastasis, tumor diameter > 4 cm and presence of residual disease were risk factors for recurrence in the non-surgery group. In patients with risk factors, radical surgery significantly improved their clinical outcome. The 3-year/5-year LCR in the surgery and non-surgery groups was 88.3%/87.4% and 82.3%/77.5%, respectively (P = 0.04). The 3-year/5-year OS rate in the two groups was 87.1%/81.7% and 72.8%/67.3%, respectively (P = 0.001). The 3-year/5-year LRR in the two groups were 11.7%/12.6% and 17.7%/22.5%, respectively (P = 0.04). The metastasis rates in the two groups were 19.9% and 24.8%, respectively (P = 0.09). Conclusions Surgery following CCRT could improve overall survival and progressfree survival. Radical surgery following CCRT appears to confer significant benefits including an increase in LCRs and decrease in LRR in CC patients with risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zheng
- Department of Head and Neck and Mammary Gland Oncology, and Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, The Cancer Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Ping Mou
- Department of Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Yibin City, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, P.R. China
| | - Peng Diao
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, 3 University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, P.R. China
| | - Chuan-Li Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Yibin City, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Yibin City, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Lian Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Yibin City, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, P.R. China
| | - Li-Shuai Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Yibin City, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, P.R. China
| | - Qiu Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Yibin City, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Yuan Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Yibin City, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Yibin City, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, P.R. China
| | - Chuan Lin
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Yibin City, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Ping Yuan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Yibin City, Yibin, Sichuan, 644000, P.R. China
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Son B, Kwon T, Lee S, Han I, Kim W, Youn H, Youn B. CYP2E1 regulates the development of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis via ER stress- and ROS-dependent mechanisms. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 313:L916-L929. [PMID: 28798253 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00144.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is one of the most common side effects of lung cancer radiotherapy. This study was conducted to identify the molecular mechanism responsible for RIPF. We revealed that the transcriptional level of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) was elevated by examining expression profile analysis of RIPF mouse models. We also confirmed that CYP2E1 regulated levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in alveolar epithelial type II (AE2) cells and lung fibroblasts. Inhibition of CYP2E1 via its siRNA or inhibitor significantly attenuated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and apoptosis of AE2 cells, as well as myofibroblast formation induced by radiation. Finally, the effects of a CYP2E1 inhibitor on development of RIPF were evaluated by in vivo studies. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that CYP2E1 is an important mediator of RIPF development that functions by increasing cellular ER stress and ROS levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beomseok Son
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - TaeWoo Kwon
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory of Low Dose Risk Assessment, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmin Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - IkJoon Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanyeon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Integrative Graduate Program of Ship and Offshore Plant Technology for Ocean Energy Resource, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea; and
| | - HyeSook Youn
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - BuHyun Youn
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea; .,Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Cinar R, Gochuico BR, Iyer MR, Jourdan T, Yokoyama T, Park JK, Coffey NJ, Pri-Chen H, Szanda G, Liu Z, Mackie K, Gahl WA, Kunos G. Cannabinoid CB1 receptor overactivity contributes to the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. JCI Insight 2017; 2:92281. [PMID: 28422760 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.92281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a life-threatening disease without effective treatment, highlighting the need for identifying new targets and treatment modalities. The pathogenesis of IPF is complex, and engaging multiple targets simultaneously might improve therapeutic efficacy. To assess the role of the endocannabinoid/cannabinoid receptor 1 (endocannabinoid/CB1R) system in IPF and its interaction with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) as dual therapeutic targets, we analyzed lung fibrosis and the status of the endocannabinoid/CB1R system and iNOS in mice with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from patients with IPF, as well as controls. In addition, we investigated the antifibrotic efficacy in the mouse PF model of an orally bioavailable and peripherally restricted CB1R/iNOS hybrid inhibitor. We report that increased activity of the endocannabinoid/CB1R system parallels disease progression in the lungs of patients with idiopathic PF and in mice with bleomycin-induced PF and is associated with increased tissue levels of interferon regulatory factor-5. Furthermore, we demonstrate that simultaneous engagement of the secondary target iNOS by the hybrid CB1R/iNOS inhibitor has greater antifibrotic efficacy than inhibition of CB1R alone. This hybrid antagonist also arrests the progression of established fibrosis in mice, thus making it a viable candidate for future translational studies in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resat Cinar
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and
| | - Bernadette R Gochuico
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Malliga R Iyer
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and
| | - Tony Jourdan
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and
| | - Tadafumi Yokoyama
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshua K Park
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and
| | - Nathan J Coffey
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and
| | - Hadass Pri-Chen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gergő Szanda
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and
| | - Ken Mackie
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - William A Gahl
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and
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Chinnadurai T, Shrestha S, Ayinla R. A Curious Case of Inhalation Fever Caused by Synthetic Cannabinoid. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2016; 17:379-83. [PMID: 27262587 PMCID: PMC4917070 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.898500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This case report describes inhalation fever as an uncommon pulmonary adverse effect of synthetic cannabinoids. CASE REPORT A 29-year-old man was brought in for severe agitation after smoking K2, a synthetic cannabinoid. He required multiple doses of lorazepam and haloperidol for sedation. His vital signs were notable for a mild fever and tachycardia. Otherwise, the rest of his exam was unremarkable. The laboratory test was significant for leucocytosis and diffuse reticular-nodular and interstitial infiltrates on chest radiograph. Urine drug toxicology was negative. Interestingly, his symptoms and pulmonary infiltrates on the chest radiograph resolved spontaneously after 24 hours of observation. CONCLUSIONS This patient developed transient pulmonary infiltrates and fever following the synthetic cannabinoid inhalation, as seen in self-limiting inhalation fever. Inhalation fever as a consequence of synthetic cannabinoid has not been described previously and there is a need for further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiru Chinnadurai
- Department of Medicine, Harlem Hospital Center in affiliation with Columbia University College of Physician and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Srijan Shrestha
- Department of Medicine, Harlem Hospital Center in affiliation with Columbia University College of Physician and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raji Ayinla
- Department of Medicine, Harlem Hospital Center in affiliation with Columbia University College of Physician and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
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