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Ohdachi T, Matsushima M, Ohara M, Kawashima H, Inoue G, Atsumi K, Tsubosaki Y, Takekoshi M, Ueyama J, Hashimoto N, Sato M, Hasegawa Y, Ishii M, Kawabe T. Degranulation and expression of cytokines were modulated by diazinon in activated mast cells. Toxicology 2024; 506:153882. [PMID: 38971550 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Diazinon is an organophosphorus (OP) insecticides used in agriculture, home gardening and indoor pest control in Japan. It can activate macrophages and induce pro-inflammatory responses and has been reported to cause airway hyper-reactivity, suggesting the possibility of asthma exacerbation from exposure to OP insecticides. Despite the correlation between insecticide use and the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, there have been no reports on the effects of diazinon on mast cell function. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of diazinon on mast cell function in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-2H3 cells. Surprisingly, we found that diazinon inhibited mast cell activation, although the degree of inhibition varied with concentration. Diazinon induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and HO-1 expression at a concentration of 150 µM without affecting cell viability. Diazinon inhibited A23187-mediated degranulation and Tnf and Il4 expression in RBL-2H3 cells but did not affect calcium influx. Suppression of degranulation by diazinon was reversed when the culture supernatant was removed. As a signaling event downstream of calcium influx, diazinon inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) induced by A23187, whereas the phosphorylation of p38 had little effect. IgE cross-linking-mediated degranulation as well as the induction of Tnf and IL4 expression was significantly inhibited by diazinon, while diazinon had little effect on calcium influx. In conclusion, diazinon inhibited mast cell activation, including degranulation and cytokine expression. When evaluating the in vivo effects of diazinon, its potential to inhibit mast cell activation should be considered in the pathophysiology and development of allergic diseases in terms of basic and clinical aspects, respectively, although the effect of diazinon varies depending on the cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Ohdachi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Japan
| | - Miyoko Matsushima
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Omics Health Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Japan.
| | - Moeko Ohara
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Omics Health Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Japan
| | - Hina Kawashima
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Omics Health Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Japan
| | - Goki Inoue
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Omics Health Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Japan
| | - Kazuko Atsumi
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Omics Health Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Japan
| | - Yuka Tsubosaki
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Omics Health Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takekoshi
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Omics Health Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Japan
| | - Jun Ueyama
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Omics Health Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Japan
| | - Naozumi Hashimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Sato
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Omics Health Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hasegawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Japan; National Hospital Organization, Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Makoto Ishii
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Kawabe
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Omics Health Sciences, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokai National Higher Education and Research System, Japan
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Adibzadeh A, Khodabakhshi MR, Maleki A. Preparation of novel and recyclable chitosan-alumina nanocomposite as superabsorbent to remove diazinon and tetracycline contaminants from aqueous solution. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23139. [PMID: 38173523 PMCID: PMC10761367 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This work presents a novel, strong and efficient adsorbent (CS@TDI@EDTA@γ-AlO(OH)) prepared through the green process using three components, chitosan, BNPs and EDTA using amide and ester bridges. An eco-friendly and easy approach was used for the preparation of this novel adsorbent, the low cost, easy access to the used materials, and the simplicity of the preparation method are some of the interesting advantages of this work. Also, this prepared adsorbent was used as an adsorbent to remove diazinon organophosphate poison and tetracycline antibiotic from aqueous solutions. In order to confirm the prepared adsorbent structure, the CS@TDI@EDTA@γ-AlO(OH) composite was investigated by various analyses including FT-IR, EDX, XRD, FESEM and TGA. The adsorption behavior of the adsorbent prepared for the removal of tetracycline and diazinon was investigated under different conditions by varying the concentration, temperature, the adsorbent dose, pH and contact time. Based on various tests, the highest diazinon adsorption capacity was obtained for 0.12 g/L adsorbent at pH 7 and 60 °C with 40 mg/L initial concentration. Also, the maximum adsorption capacity of the tetracycline was obtained for 0.12 g/L adsorbent at pH 9 and 60 °C with 30 mg/L initial concentration. The equilibrium results for diazinon and for tetracycline were in good accordance with the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, respectively. Also, the highest adsorption capacities for diazinon at pH 7 and tetracycline at pH 9 were 1428.5 and 555.5 mg/g, respectively. Also the kinetic investigations revealed that the correlation factor (R2) of pseudo-second-order model obtained for the adsorption of diazinon and tetracycline was 0.9986 and 0.9988, while the coefficient k (g/mg.min) was 0.000084 and 0.0033, respectively. These results indicate that the adsorption of diazinon and tetracycline is pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Formation of hydrogen bonds between adsorbate and adsorbent as well as the high specific surface area and porosity of the adsorbent are the main mechanisms that contribute to the adsorption process. In addition, thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption of diazinon and tetracycline is a spontaneous endothermic process. The adsorbent prepared in this work was expected to have wide range of applications in wastewater treatment thanks to its good reusability in water and strong removal of diazinon and tetracycline compared to other adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Adibzadeh
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Xuan L, Guo J, Xia D, Li L, Wang D, Chang Y. Albicanol antagonizes PFF-induced mitochondrial damage and reduces inflammatory factors by regulating innate immunity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 259:115014. [PMID: 37196524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
As an environmental pollutant, profenofos (PFF) can seriously endanger human health through the food chain. Albicanol is a sesquiterpene compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging properties. Previous studies have shown that Albicanol can antagonize apoptosis and genotoxicity caused by PFF exposure. However, the toxicity mechanism of PFF regulating hepatocyte immune function, apoptosis, and programmed necrosis and the role of Albicanol in this process have not been reported yet. In this study, grass carp hepatocytes (L8824) were treated with PFF (200 μM) or combined with Albicanol (5 ×10-5 μg mL-1) for 24 h to establish an experimental model. The results of JC-1 probe staining and Fluo-3 AM probe staining showed increased free calcium ions and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in L8824 cells after PFF exposure, suggesting that PFF exposure may lead to mitochondrial damage. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot results showed that PFF exposure could increase the transcription of innate immunity-related factors (C3, Pardaxin 1, Hepcidin, INF-γ, IL-8, and IL-1β) in L8824 cells. PFF up-regulated the TNF/NF-κB signaling pathway and the expression of caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax, MLKL, RIPK1, and RIPK3 and down-regulated the expression of Caspase-8 and Bcl-2. Albicanol can antagonize the above-mentioned effects caused by PFF exposure. In conclusion, Albicanol antagonized the mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, and necroptosis of grass carp hepatocytes caused by PFF exposure by inhibiting the TNF/NF-κB pathway in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Xuan
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jinming Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Dexin Xia
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Daining Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ying Chang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Szafran BN, Nichols J, Nicaise A, Borazjani A, Carr RL, Wilson JR, Ross MK, Kaplan BLF. Cnr1 -/- has minimal impact on chlorpyrifos-mediated effects in the mouse endocannabinoid system, but it does alter lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine levels in splenocytes. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 375:110425. [PMID: 36858108 PMCID: PMC10150269 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate pesticide that can inhibit endocannabinoid (eCB) metabolizing enzymes in animal models at levels that do not significantly alter acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the central nervous system (CNS). Previous studies indicated that repeated low-level CPF exposure in developing rats increased the levels of eCBs in the brain. Because eCBs play a role in immune homeostasis through their engagement with cannabinoid receptors, we investigated the role of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1, encoded by the Cnr1 gene) on the CPF-mediated effects in the spleen and lung of neonatal and adult female mice. We treated neonatal and adult female Cnr1-/- mice with 2.5 mg/kg oral CPF or vehicle for 7 days. Tissues were harvested 4 h after the last CPF dose to evaluate eCB metabolic enzyme activity, levels of eCBs, and tissue immunophenotype. There were a small number of genotype-dependent alterations noted in the endpoints following CPF treatment that were specific to age and tissue type, and differences in eCB metabolism caused by CPF treatment did not correlate to changes in eCB levels. To explore the role of CB1 in CPF-mediated effects on immune endpoints, in vitro experiments were performed with WT murine splenocytes exposed to chlorpyrifos oxon (CPO; oxon metabolite of CPF) and challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). While CPO did not alter LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, inactivation of CB1 by the antagonist SR141716A augmented LPS-induced IFN-γ levels. Additional experiments with WT and Cnr1-/- murine splenocytes confirmed a role for CB1 in altering the production of LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. We conclude that CPF-mediated effects on the eCB system are not strongly dependent on CB1, although abrogation of CB1 does alter LPS-induced cytokine levels in splenocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany N Szafran
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - James Nichols
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Ashleigh Nicaise
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Abdolsamad Borazjani
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Russell L Carr
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Juliet R Wilson
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Matthew K Ross
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Barbara L F Kaplan
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, MS, USA.
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5
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Molecular Mechanisms of Acute Organophosphate Nephrotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168855. [PMID: 36012118 PMCID: PMC9407954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Organophosphates (OPs) are toxic chemicals produced by an esterification process and some other routes. They are the main components of herbicides, pesticides, and insecticides and are also widely used in the production of plastics and solvents. Acute or chronic exposure to OPs can manifest in various levels of toxicity to humans, animals, plants, and insects. OPs containing insecticides were widely used in many countries during the 20th century, and some of them continue to be used today. In particular, 36 OPs have been registered in the USA, and all of them have the potential to cause acute and sub-acute toxicity. Renal damage and impairment of kidney function after exposure to OPs, accompanied by the development of clinical manifestations of poisoning back in the early 1990s of the last century, was considered a rare manifestation of their toxicity. However, since the beginning of the 21st century, nephrotoxicity of OPs as a manifestation of delayed toxicity is the subject of greater attention of researchers. In this article, we present a modern view on the molecular pathophysiological mechanisms of acute nephrotoxicity of organophosphate compounds.
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Montuori P, De Rosa E, Di Duca F, De Simone B, Scippa S, Russo I, Sorrentino M, Sarnacchiaro P, Triassi M. Occurrence, Distribution, and Risk Assessment of Organophosphorus Pesticides in the Aquatic Environment of the Sele River Estuary, Southern Italy. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10070377. [PMID: 35878282 PMCID: PMC9322807 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10070377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The intensive use of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) causes concern among authorities in different countries, as many of them, remaining unchanged for a long time, pose a threat to environmental sustainability. This study assessed the spatio-temporal trends of nine OPPs in the water dissolved phase (WDP), suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediment samples from the Sele River estuary, Southern Italy. Samples were collected in 10 sampling sites during four seasons. The highest levels were found at the mouth (mean value 28.25 ng L−1 as WDP + SPM) and then decreased moving southwards to the Mediterranean Sea. Moreover, highest concentrations were detected in the warm season (July) with a mean value of 27.52 ng L−1. The load contribution to the Mediterranean Sea was evaluated in about 61.5 kg year−1, showing that the river was an important source of OPPs through discharge into the sea. The risk assessment revealed that no high-risk indices for the general-case scenario were observed, but for the worst-case scenario, potential risks were associated with chlorpyrifos, pyrimifos-methyl, and parathion, suggesting that OPP contamination should not be neglected. This study makes up the first record of OPPs in the surface waters of the Sele River and provides helpful data as a starting point for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Montuori
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II″, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.D.R.); (F.D.D.); (B.D.S.); (S.S.); (I.R.); (M.S.); (M.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Elvira De Rosa
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II″, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.D.R.); (F.D.D.); (B.D.S.); (S.S.); (I.R.); (M.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Fabiana Di Duca
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II″, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.D.R.); (F.D.D.); (B.D.S.); (S.S.); (I.R.); (M.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Bruna De Simone
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II″, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.D.R.); (F.D.D.); (B.D.S.); (S.S.); (I.R.); (M.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Stefano Scippa
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II″, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.D.R.); (F.D.D.); (B.D.S.); (S.S.); (I.R.); (M.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Immacolata Russo
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II″, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.D.R.); (F.D.D.); (B.D.S.); (S.S.); (I.R.); (M.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Michele Sorrentino
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II″, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.D.R.); (F.D.D.); (B.D.S.); (S.S.); (I.R.); (M.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Pasquale Sarnacchiaro
- Department of Law and Economics, University “Federico II″, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Triassi
- Department of Public Health, University “Federico II″, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.D.R.); (F.D.D.); (B.D.S.); (S.S.); (I.R.); (M.S.); (M.T.)
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7
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Organophosphorus Pesticides as Modulating Substances of Inflammation through the Cholinergic Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094523. [PMID: 35562914 PMCID: PMC9104626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are widespread insecticides used for pest control in agricultural activities and the control of the vectors of human and animal diseases. However, OPs’ neurotoxic mechanism involves cholinergic components, which, beyond being involved in the transmission of neuronal signals, also influence the activity of cytokines and other pro-inflammatory molecules; thus, acute and chronic exposure to OPs may be related to the development of chronic degenerative pathologies and other inflammatory diseases. The present article reviews and discusses the experimental evidence linking inflammatory process with OP-induced cholinergic dysregulation, emphasizing the molecular mechanisms related to the role of cytokines and cellular alterations in humans and other animal models, and possible therapeutic targets to inhibit inflammation.
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Parny M, Coste A, Aubouy A, Rahabi M, Prat M, Pipy B, Treilhou M. Differential immunomodulatory effects of six pesticides of different chemical classes on human monocyte-derived macrophage functions. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 163:112992. [PMID: 35395341 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to pesticides through eyes, skin, ingestion and inhalation may affects human health by interfering with immune cells, such as macrophages. We evaluated, in vitro, the effect of six pesticides widely used in apple arboriculture on the functions of human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDMs). hMDMs were cultured for 4 or 24 h with or without pesticides (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 μmol.L-1). We showed that chlorpyrifos, thiacloprid, thiophanate, boscalid, and captan had little toxic effect at the tested concentrations, while dithianon had low-cytotoxicity at 10 μmol.L-1. While boscalid showed no effect on hMDMs function, thiophanate (0.01 μmol.L-1) stimulated with TPA and thiacloprid (1, 10 μmol.L-1) stimulated with zymosan activated ROS production. Chlorpyrifos, dithianon, and captan inhibited ROS production and TNF-α, IL-1β pro-inflammatory cytokines. We established that dithianon (0.01-1 μmol.L-1) and captan (0.1, 1 μmol.L-1) induced mRNA expression of NQO1 and HMOX1 antioxidant enzymes. Dithianon also induced the mRNA expression of catalase, superoxide dismutase-2 at 10 μmol.L-1. Together, these results show that exposure to chlorpyrifos, dithianon, and captan induce immunomodulatory effects that may influence the disease fighting properties of monocytes/macrophages while pesticides such as thiacloprid, thiophanate and boscalid have little influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Parny
- EA7417, BTSB, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, INU Champollion, Albi, France; PHARMADEV UMR 152, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France.
| | - Agnès Coste
- PHARMADEV UMR 152, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France.
| | - Agnès Aubouy
- PHARMADEV UMR 152, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France.
| | - Mouna Rahabi
- PHARMADEV UMR 152, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France.
| | - Melissa Prat
- PHARMADEV UMR 152, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France.
| | - Bernard Pipy
- PHARMADEV UMR 152, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France.
| | - Michel Treilhou
- EA7417, BTSB, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, INU Champollion, Albi, France.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This brief narrative review aims to highlight relevant recent updates on occupational causes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). RECENT FINDINGS The most recent literature has been searched for any new relevant association between occupational exposures and COPD. Only large epidemiological studies of high quality have been included. Beyond the more traditional exposures, such as mineral or organic dusts, new chemicals have emerged as potential occupational causal agents for COPD. In particular, pesticides and cleaning products, including disinfectants, that have shown also positive exposure-response trends. For cleaning products, some specific chemicals have been identified, but for pesticides the identification of specific causal compounds is more challenging. The biological underlying mechanisms are still under study. SUMMARY In the recent literature, occupational exposure to pesticides and cleaning products has emerged as potential cause of COPD. Awareness on occupational causes of COPD should increase among all stakeholders, from health professionals to public to prevent the associated public health burden. More studies on identifying the specific causal agents and mechanisms are needed to focus preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara De Matteis
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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10
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Gong B, Zheng Y, Li J, Lei H, Liu K, Tang J, Peng Y. Luteolin activates M2 macrophages and suppresses M1 macrophages by upregulation of hsa_circ_0001326 in THP-1 derived macrophages. Bioengineered 2022; 13:5079-5090. [PMID: 35152837 PMCID: PMC8973855 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2036897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is accompanied by inflammatory progression. Macrophages are a major type of cells to response inflammation caused by different type of factors by polarized into specific phenotypes. Luteolin and glycyrrhizic acid exert protect role in asthma; however, their role in THP-1 derived macrophages polarization whether through regulating the expression of hsa_circ_0001326 is still unknown. The effect of luteolin and glycyrrhizic acid on THP-1 derived macrophages polarization were evaluated using qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and ELISA assay. The function of hsa_circ_0001326 on macrophages polarization in luteolin treated THP-1 derived macrophages were assessed after silence of hsa_circ_0001326. And the expression of its’ potential downstream gene, including hsa-miR-136-5p and ubiquitin-specific protease 4 (USP4), were detected using qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Furthermore, the potential mechanism of hsa_circ_0001326 were validated using rescue experiment. Results showed that luteolin promoted M2 polarization and inhibited M1 polarization in THP-1 induced macrophages, but glycyrrhizic acid had no these effects. Hsa_circ_0001326 expression was upregulated in luteolin treat THP-1 derived macrophages. Silence of hsa_circ_0001326 reversed the function of luteolin on macrophages polarization. In addition, hsa_circ_0001326 attenuated the inhibition effect of luteolin on hsa-miR-136-5p expression, and the promotion effect on USP4 expression. Furthermore, hsa-miR-136-5p inhibitor reversed the effect of hsa_circ_0001326 on macrophages polarization and the USP4 expression. Taken together, luteolin activates M2 macrophages and suppresses M1 macrophages by upregulation of hsa_circ_0001326. Further mechanism maybe by regulating hsa_circ_0001326 downstream gene expression, including hsa-miR-136-5p and USP4, in THP-1 derived macrophages. These findings provide a new insight for macrophage polarization under stimulation of luteolin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benxin Gong
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital East Hospital Pediatrics, Shenzhen City, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital East Hospital Pediatrics, Shenzhen City, China
| | - Jiahua Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital East Hospital Pediatrics, Shenzhen City, China
| | - Huafeng Lei
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital East Hospital Pediatrics, Shenzhen City, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital East Hospital Pediatrics, Shenzhen City, China
| | - Jingyun Tang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital East Hospital Pediatrics, Shenzhen City, China
| | - Yanrong Peng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital East Hospital Pediatrics, Shenzhen City, China
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11
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Ibrahim KA, Abdelgaid HA, Eleyan M, Mohamed RA, Gamil NM. Resveratrol alleviates cardiac apoptosis following exposure to fenitrothion by modulating the sirtuin1/c-Jun N-terminal kinases/p53 pathway through pro-oxidant and inflammatory response improvements: In vivo and in silico studies. Life Sci 2022; 290:120265. [PMID: 34968465 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fenitrothion (FNT), a commonly used organophosphate, can cause oxidative damage and apoptosis on various organs. However, the underlying mechanisms for FNT-induced cardiotoxicity did not formally report. Here, we have evaluated the possible ameliorative roles of resveratrol (RSV) against FNT-induced cardiac apoptosis in male rats through the sirtuin1 (SIRT1)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (c-JNK)/p53 pathway concerning pro-oxidant and inflammatory cytokines. Forty-eight male rats were equally grouped into control, RSV (20 mg/kg), 5-FNT (5 mg/kg), 10-FNT (10 mg/kg), 20-FNT (20 mg/kg), 5-FNT-RSV, 10-FNT-RSV, and 20-FNT-RSV where all doses administrated by gavage for four weeks. The present findings demonstrated that RSV markedly diminished the level of hyperlipidemia and elevation in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total creatine kinase (CK-T), and troponin T (TnT) levels following FNT intoxication. Furthermore, RSV significantly reduced FNT-induced cardiac oxidative injury by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) level and improving the levels of glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and acetylcholinesterase (AchE). Also, the levels of interleukin-1β (IL1β,), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly attenuated in the co-treated groups. Moreover, RSV alleviated the histopathological changes promoted by FNT and repaired the transcript levels of SIRT1, c-JNK, and caspase-9/3 along with p53 immunoreactivity. In silico study revealed that the free binding energies of RSV complexes with protein and DNA sequences of SIRT1 were lower than docked complexes of FNT. Therefore, RSV reserved myocardial injury-induced apoptosis following exposure to FNT by modulating the SIRT1/c-JNK/p53 pathway through cellular redox status and inflammatory response improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairy A Ibrahim
- Mammalian Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt.
| | - Hala A Abdelgaid
- Biochemistry Department, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Eleyan
- Department of Laboratory Medical Sciences, Alaqsa University, Gaza, 4051, Palestine
| | - Rania A Mohamed
- Mammalian Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Noha M Gamil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6(th) of October City, Egypt
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12
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De Matteis S, Jarvis D, Darnton L, Consonni D, Kromhout H, Hutchings S, Sadhra SS, Fishwick D, Vermeulen R, Rushton L, Cullinan P. Lifetime occupational exposures and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk in the UK Biobank cohort. Thorax 2022; 77:997-1005. [PMID: 35082144 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Occupational exposures are important, preventable causes of COPD. We previously found an increased risk of COPD among six occupations by analysing lifetime job histories and lung function data in the population-based UK Biobank cohort. We aimed to build on these findings and elucidate the underlying potential causal agents to focus preventive strategies. METHODS We applied the ALOHA+job exposure matrix (JEM) based on the International Standard Classification of Occupations V.1988 codes, where exposure to 12 selected agents was rated as 0 (no exposure), 1 (low) or 2 (high). COPD was spirometrically defined as FEV1/FVC less than the lower limit of normal. We calculated semiquantitative cumulative exposure estimates for each agent by multiplying the duration of exposure and squared intensity. Prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% CI for COPD were estimated using robust Poisson regression adjusted for centre, sex, age, smoking and coexposure to JEM agents. Only associations confirmed among never-smokers and never-asthmatics were considered reliable. RESULTS Out of 116 375 participants with complete job histories, 94 514 had acceptable/repeatable spirometry and smoking data and were included in the analysis. Pesticide exposure showed increased risk of COPD for ever exposure (PR=1.13, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.28) and high cumulative exposure (PR=1.32, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.56), with positive exposure-response trends (p trend=0.004), which were confirmed among never-smokers (p trend=0.005) and never-asthmatics (p trend=0.001). CONCLUSION In a large population-based study, occupational exposure to pesticides was associated with risk of COPD. Focused preventive strategies for workers exposed to pesticides can prevent the associated COPD burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara De Matteis
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK .,Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Debbie Jarvis
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Lucy Darnton
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Harpur Hill Buxton, UK
| | - Dario Consonni
- Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sally Hutchings
- School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Steven S Sadhra
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - David Fishwick
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Harpur Hill Buxton, UK
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lesley Rushton
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College, London, UK.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Cullinan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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13
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Organophosphorus pesticides exhibit compound specific effects in rat precision-cut lung slices (PCLS): mechanisms involved in airway response, cytotoxicity, inflammatory activation and antioxidative defense. Arch Toxicol 2021; 96:321-334. [PMID: 34778934 PMCID: PMC8748323 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03186-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphorus compound pesticides (OP) are widely used in pest control and might be misused for terrorist attacks. Although acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition is the predominant toxic mechanism, OP may induce pneumonia and formation of lung edema after poisoning and during clinical treatment as life-threatening complication. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, rat precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) were exposed to the OP parathion, malathion and their biotransformation products paraoxon and malaoxon (100–2000 µmol/L). Airway response, metabolic activity, release of LDH, cytokine expression and oxidative stress response were analyzed. A concentration-dependent inhibition of airway relaxation was observed after exposure with the oxon but not with the thion-OP. In contrast, cytotoxic effects were observed for both forms in higher concentrations. Increased cytokine expression was observed after exposure to parathion and paraoxon (IL-6, GM-CSF, MIP-1α) and IL-6 expression was dependent on NFκB activation. Intracellular GSH levels were significantly reduced by all four tested OP but an increase in GSSG and HO-1 expression was predominantly observed after malaoxon exposure. Pretreatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine reduced malaoxon but not paraoxon-induced cytotoxicity. PCLS as a 3D lung model system revealed OP-induced effects depending on the particular OP. The experimental data of this study contribute to a better understanding of OP toxicity on cellular targets and may be a possible explanation for the variety of clinical outcomes induced by different OP.
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14
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Szafran BN, Borazjani A, Seay CN, Carr RL, Lehner R, Kaplan BLF, Ross MK. Effects of Chlorpyrifos on Serine Hydrolase Activities, Lipid Mediators, and Immune Responses in Lungs of Neonatal and Adult Mice. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:1556-1571. [PMID: 33900070 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate (OP) pesticide that causes acute toxicity by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the nervous system. However, endocannabinoid (eCB) metabolizing enzymes in brain of neonatal rats are more sensitive than AChE to inhibition by CPF, leading to increased levels of eCBs. Because eCBs are immunomodulatory molecules, we investigated the association between eCB metabolism, lipid mediators, and immune function in adult and neonatal mice exposed to CPF. We focused on lung effects because epidemiologic studies have linked pesticide exposures to respiratory diseases. CPF was hypothesized to disrupt lung eCB metabolism and alter lung immune responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and these effects would be more pronounced in neonatal mice due to an immature immune system. We first assessed the biochemical effects of CPF in adult mice (≥8 weeks old) and neonatal mice after administering CPF (2.5 mg/kg, oral) or vehicle for 7 days. Tissues were harvested 4 h after the last CPF treatment and lung microsomes from both age groups demonstrated CPF-dependent inhibition of carboxylesterases (Ces), a family of xenobiotic and lipid metabolizing enzymes, whereas AChE activity was inhibited in adult lungs only. Activity-based protein profiling (ABPP)-mass spectrometry of lung microsomes identified 31 and 32 individual serine hydrolases in neonatal lung and adult lung, respectively. Of these, Ces1c/Ces1d/Ces1b isoforms were partially inactivated by CPF in neonatal lung, whereas Ces1c/Ces1b and Ces1c/BChE were partially inactivated in adult female and male lungs, respectively, suggesting age- and sex-related differences in their sensitivity to CPF. Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) activities in lung were unaffected by CPF. When LPS (1.25 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered following the 7-day CPF dosing period, little to no differences in lung immune responses (cytokines and immunophenotyping) were noted between the CPF and vehicle groups. However, a CPF-dependent increase in the amounts of dendritic cells and certain lipid mediators in female lung following LPS challenge was observed. Experiments in neonatal and adult Ces1d-/- mice yielded similar results as wild type mice (WT) following CPF treatment, except that CPF augmented LPS-induced Tnfa mRNA in adult Ces1d-/- mouse lungs. This effect was associated with decreased expression of Ces1c mRNA in Ces1d-/- mice versus WT mice in the setting of LPS exposure. We conclude that CPF exposure inactivates several Ces isoforms in mouse lung and, during an inflammatory response, increases certain lipid mediators in a female-dependent manner. However, it did not cause widespread altered lung immune effects in response to an LPS challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany N Szafran
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Abdolsamad Borazjani
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Caitlin N Seay
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Russell L Carr
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Richard Lehner
- Departments of Cell Biology and Pediatrics, Group on Molecular & Cell Biology of Lipids, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Barbara L F Kaplan
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Matthew K Ross
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
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15
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Sohrabi N, Mohammadi R, Ghassemzadeh HR, Heris SSS. Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic study of diazinon adsorption from water by clay/GO/Fe3O4: Modeling and optimization based on response surface methodology and artificial neural network. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Saglani S, Wisnivesky JP, Charokopos A, Pascoe CD, Halayko AJ, Custovic A. Update in Asthma 2019. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 202:184-192. [PMID: 32338992 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202003-0596up] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sejal Saglani
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Juan P Wisnivesky
- Division of General Internal Medicine and.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Antonios Charokopos
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Christopher D Pascoe
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; and.,Biology of Breathing Group, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; and.,Biology of Breathing Group, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Adnan Custovic
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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17
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Silva RC, Villela LF, Brocksom TJ, de Oliveira KT. Direct C-H photoarylation of diazines using aryldiazonium salts and visible-light. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31115-31122. [PMID: 35520669 PMCID: PMC9056432 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06876d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, direct C–H photoarylation of pyrazine with aryldiazonium salts under visible-light irradiation (blue-LEDs) is described, and additional examples including photoarylations of pyrimidine and pyridazine are also covered. The corresponding aryl-diazines were prepared in yields up to 84% only by mixing and irradiating the reaction with no need for an additional photocatalyst. We demonstrate the efficacy of this protocol by the scope with electron-donor, -neutral, and -withdrawing groups attached at the ortho, meta, and para positions of the aryldiazonium salts; the results are better than those reported for ruthenium-complex mediated photoarylations. Additionally, we demonstrate the robustness of this methodology with a 5 mmol scaled-up experiment. Mechanistic studies were carried out giving support to the proposal of a photocatalyzed approach by an electron donor–acceptor (EDA) complex, also highlighting the crucial role that solvents play in the formation of the EDA complex. An electron donor–acceptor (EDA) approach for the direct C–H photoarylation of diazines using aryldiazonium salts and visible-light is described.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo C Silva
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos São Carlos SP 13565-905 Brazil
| | - Lucas F Villela
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos São Carlos SP 13565-905 Brazil
| | - Timothy J Brocksom
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos São Carlos SP 13565-905 Brazil
| | - Kleber T de Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos São Carlos SP 13565-905 Brazil
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18
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Abdel-Daim MM, Abushouk AI, Bahbah EI, Bungău SG, Alyousif MS, Aleya L, Alkahtani S. Fucoidan protects against subacute diazinon-induced oxidative damage in cardiac, hepatic, and renal tissues. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:11554-11564. [PMID: 31965500 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07711-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Fucoidans (FUC) are organic sulfated polysaccharides from natural seaweeds with multiple biological actions. The current study was performed to assess the chemoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of FUC from Laminaria japonicum against diazinon (DZN)-induced injuries to rat cardiac, hepatic, and renal tissues. Forty male Wistar rats were assigned into five groups, receiving saline, oral FUC 200 mg/kg/day, subcutaneous DZN 20 mg/kg/day, DZN plus FUC 100 mg/kg/day, or DZN plus FUC 200 mg/kg/day (each treatment was given daily for 4 weeks). Data analysis showed that DZN-intoxicated rats exhibited significantly higher (p < 0.05) serum levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, urea, creatine, creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase, cholesterol, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, as well as lower levels of acetylcholinesterase, compared to control rats. In addition, DZN intoxication was associated with significantly higher (p < 0.05) cardiac, hepatic, and renal tissue concentrations of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, as well as lower glutathione concentrations, and activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase enzymes in comparison to control rats. Treatment with FUC (at 100 or 200 mg/kg/day) ameliorated all the aforementioned alterations in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, FUC from Laminaria japonicum ameliorated DZN-induced oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory effects, and injuries to the cardiac, hepatic, and renal tissues. These effects may be related to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of FUC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
| | | | - Eshak I Bahbah
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Simona G Bungău
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Mohamed S Alyousif
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, UMR CNRS 6249, 25030, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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