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San José L, García O, Quijada-Garrido I, López-González M. RAFT Hydroxylated Polymers as Templates and Ligands for the Synthesis of Fluorescent ZnO Quantum Dots. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3441. [PMID: 36234569 PMCID: PMC9565916 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The remarkable photoluminescent properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antibacterial properties of zinc oxide quantum dots (ZnO QDs) coupled with their low cost and nanoscale size guarantee bio-related and technological applications. However, the effect of the polymeric ligand during synthesis has hardly been investigated compared to other less environmentally friendly QDs. Thus, the objective of this work was to focus on the synthesis of fluorescent hybrid ZnO QDs by the sol-gel method using different polymers with hydroxyl groups as templates and ligands to obtain stable particles in different media. For this purpose, well-defined hydroxylated statistical polymers and block copolymers were synthesized using reversible-addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization to establish the influence of molecular weight, hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance, and polymer architecture on the colloidal and photophysical properties of the synthesized hybrid ZnO QDs. Dynamic light scattering (DLS), TEM, and X-ray diffraction measurements indicated the formation of stable nanoparticles of a few nanometers. A remarkable enhancement in terms of fluorescence was observed when ZnO QDs were synthesized in the presence of the hydroxylated homopolymers and even more so with block copolymers architecture. Organosilanes combined with the hydroxylated polymers were used to improve the colloidal stability of ZnO QDs in aqueous media. These samples exhibited uniform and stable enhanced photoluminescence for nearly five months of being investigated. Among other applications, the hybrid ZnO QDs synthesized in this work exhibit high selectivity to detect Cr6+, Fe2+, or Cu2+ in water.
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Jacobs CB, Maksov AB, Muckley ES, Collins L, Mahjouri-Samani M, Ievlev A, Rouleau CM, Moon JW, Graham DE, Sumpter BG, Ivanov IN. UV-activated ZnO films on a flexible substrate for room temperature O 2 and H 2O sensing. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6053. [PMID: 28729534 PMCID: PMC5519692 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05265-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that UV-light activation of polycrystalline ZnO films on flexible polyimide (Kapton) substrates can be used to detect and differentiate between environmental changes in oxygen and water vapor. The in-plane resistive and impedance properties of ZnO films, fabricated from bacteria-derived ZnS nanoparticles, exhibit unique resistive and capacitive responses to changes in O2 and H2O. We propose that the distinctive responses to O2 and H2O adsorption on ZnO could be utilized to statistically discriminate between the two analytes. Molecular dynamic simulations (MD) of O2 and H2O adsorption energy on ZnO surfaces were performed using the large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator (LAMMPS) with a reactive force-field (ReaxFF). These simulations suggest that the adsorption mechanisms differ for O2 and H2O adsorption on ZnO, and are governed by the surface termination and the extent of surface hydroxylation. Electrical response measurements, using DC resistance, AC impedance spectroscopy, and Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM), demonstrate differences in response to O2 and H2O, confirming that different adsorption mechanisms are involved. Statistical and machine learning approaches were applied to demonstrate that by integrating the electrical and kinetic responses the flexible ZnO sensor can be used for detection and discrimination between O2 and H2O at low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B Jacobs
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science and Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Artem B Maksov
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science and Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, 444 Greve Hall, 821 Volunteer Boulevard, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Eric S Muckley
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science and Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, 444 Greve Hall, 821 Volunteer Boulevard, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Liam Collins
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science and Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Masoud Mahjouri-Samani
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science and Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Anton Ievlev
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science and Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Christopher M Rouleau
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science and Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Ji-Won Moon
- Microbial Ecology & Physiology Group, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - David E Graham
- Microbial Ecology & Physiology Group, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Bobby G Sumpter
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science and Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
- Computer Science & Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Ilia N Ivanov
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science and Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
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Picca RA, Sportelli MC, Hötger D, Manoli K, Kranz C, Mizaikoff B, Torsi L, Cioffi N. Electrosynthesis and characterization of ZnO nanoparticles as inorganic component in organic thin-film transistor active layers. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.07.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Concina I, Vomiero A. Metal oxide semiconductors for dye- and quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:1744-1774. [PMID: 25523717 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201402334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This Review provides a brief summary of the most recent research developments in the synthesis and application of nanostructured metal oxide semiconductors for dye sensitized and quantum dot sensitized solar cells. In these devices, the wide bandgap semiconducting oxide acts as the photoanode, which provides the scaffold for light harvesters (either dye molecules or quantum dots) and electron collection. For this reason, proper tailoring of the optical and electronic properties of the photoanode can significantly boost the functionalities of the operating device. Optimization of the functional properties relies with modulation of the shape and structure of the photoanode, as well as on application of different materials (TiO2, ZnO, SnO2) and/or composite systems, which allow fine tuning of electronic band structure. This aspect is critical because it determines exciton and charge dynamics in the photoelectrochemical system and is strictly connected to the photoconversion efficiency of the solar cell. The different strategies for increasing light harvesting and charge collection, inhibiting charge losses due to recombination phenomena, are reviewed thoroughly, highlighting the benefits of proper photoanode preparation, and its crucial role in the development of high efficiency dye sensitized and quantum dot sensitized solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Concina
- CNR-INO SENSOR Lab, Via Branze 45, 25123, Brescia, Italy; University of Brescia, Via Valotti 9, 25133, Brescia, Italy
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Wang N, Gao C, Xue F, Han Y, Li T, Cao X, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Wang ZL. Piezotronic-effect enhanced drug metabolism and sensing on a single ZnO nanowire surface with the presence of human cytochrome P450. ACS NANO 2015; 9:3159-3168. [PMID: 25758259 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) enzymes are involved in catalyzing the metabolism of various endogenous and exogenous compounds. A rapid analysis of drug metabolism reactions by CYPs is required because they can metabolize 95% of current drugs in drug development and effective therapies. Here, we describe a study of piezotronic-effect enhanced drug metabolism and sensing by utilizing a single ZnO nanowire (ZnO NW) device. Owing to the unique hydrophobic feature of a ZnO NW that provides a desirable "microenvironment" for the immobilization of biomolecules, our device can effectively stimulate the tolbutamide metabolism by decorating a ZnO NW with cytochrome P4502C9/CYPs reductase (CYP2C9/CPR) microsomes. By applying an external compressive strain to the ZnO nanowire, the piezotronic effect, which plays a primary role in tuning the transport behavior of a ZnO NW utilizing the created piezoelectric polarization charges at the local interface, can effectively enhance the performance of the device. A theoretical model is proposed using an energy band diagram to explain the experimental data. This study provides a potential approach to study drug metabolism and trace drug detection based on the piezotronic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- †School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- §School of Chemistry and Environment, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Caizhen Gao
- †School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- §School of Chemistry and Environment, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Fei Xue
- ‡Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yu Han
- ‡Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- §School of Chemistry and Environment, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tao Li
- ‡Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xia Cao
- †School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- ‡Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xueji Zhang
- †School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- †School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- ‡Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- ∥School of Material Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
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