1
|
Qi T, Zhang J, Zhang K, Zhang W, Song Y, Lian K, Kan C, Han F, Hou N, Sun X. Unraveling the role of the FHL family in cardiac diseases: Mechanisms, implications, and future directions. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 694:149468. [PMID: 38183876 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Heart diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these diseases is essential for the development of effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The FHL family consists of five members: FHL1, FHL2, FHL3, FHL4, and FHL5/Act. These members exhibit different expression patterns in various tissues including the heart. FHL family proteins are implicated in cardiac remodeling, regulation of metabolic enzymes, and cardiac biomechanical stress perception. A large number of studies have explored the link between FHL family proteins and cardiac disease, skeletal muscle disease, and ovarian metabolism, but a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the specific molecular mechanisms targeting FHL on cardiac disease is lacking. The aim of this review is to explore the structure and function of FHL family members, to comprehensively elucidate the mechanisms by which they regulate the heart, and to explore in depth the changes in FHL family members observed in different cardiac disorders, as well as the effects of mutations in FHL proteins on heart health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongbing Qi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Yixin Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Kexin Lian
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Chengxia Kan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Ningning Hou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China.
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu X, Liang F, Chen J, Chen F, Kong L, Ding Y. Association of FHL5 and LPA genetic polymorphisms with diabetes mellitus risk: a case-control study. Aging Male 2023; 26:2235005. [PMID: 37452735 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2023.2235005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND China is one of the countries with the fastest growing prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the world. This study intended to investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of FHL5 and LPA with DM risk in the Chinese population. METHODS This case-control study involved 1,420 Chinese individuals (710 DM patients and 710 controls). Four candidate loci (rs2252816/rs9373985 in FHL5 and rs3124784/rs7765781 in LPA) were successfully screened. The association of SNPs with DM risk was assessed by logistic regression analysis. Differences in clinical characteristics among subjects with different genotypes were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS Overall analysis indicated that rs3124784 was associated with an increased risk of DM. Stratification analysis showed that rs3124784 significantly increased DM risk in different subgroups (male, non-smoking, non-drinking, and BMI > 24), while rs7765781 increased DM risk only in participants with BMI ≤ 24. Rs2252816 was associated with the course of DM. We also found that rs2252816 GG genotype and rs9373985 GG genotype were linked to the increased cystatin c in DM patients. CONCLUSION The genetic polymorphisms of LPA may be associated with DM risk in the Chinese population, which will provide useful information for the prevention and diagnosis of DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Wanning, Wanning, Hainan, China
| | - Fangyun Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Wanning, Wanning, Hainan, China
| | - Jinmei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Wanning, Wanning, Hainan, China
| | - Feihong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Wanning, Wanning, Hainan, China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Wanning, Wanning, Hainan, China
| | - Yipeng Ding
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
- Department of General Practice, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Habibe JJ, Clemente-Olivo MP, de Vries CJ. How (Epi)Genetic Regulation of the LIM-Domain Protein FHL2 Impacts Multifactorial Disease. Cells 2021; 10:2611. [PMID: 34685595 PMCID: PMC8534169 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Susceptibility to complex pathological conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease is highly variable among individuals and arises from specific changes in gene expression in combination with external factors. The regulation of gene expression is determined by genetic variation (SNPs) and epigenetic marks that are influenced by environmental factors. Aging is a major risk factor for many multifactorial diseases and is increasingly associated with changes in DNA methylation, leading to differences in gene expression. Four and a half LIM domains 2 (FHL2) is a key regulator of intracellular signal transduction pathways and the FHL2 gene is consistently found as one of the top hyper-methylated genes upon aging. Remarkably, FHL2 expression increases with methylation. This was demonstrated in relevant metabolic tissues: white adipose tissue, pancreatic β-cells, and skeletal muscle. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on regulation of FHL2 by genetic variation and epigenetic DNA modification, and the potential consequences for age-related complex multifactorial diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayron J. Habibe
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, and Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.J.H.); (M.P.C.-O.)
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria P. Clemente-Olivo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, and Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.J.H.); (M.P.C.-O.)
| | - Carlie J. de Vries
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, and Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.J.H.); (M.P.C.-O.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Adewale Q, Khan AF, Carbonell F, Iturria-Medina Y. Integrated transcriptomic and neuroimaging brain model decodes biological mechanisms in aging and Alzheimer's disease. eLife 2021; 10:e62589. [PMID: 34002691 PMCID: PMC8131100 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Both healthy aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are characterized by concurrent alterations in several biological factors. However, generative brain models of aging and AD are limited in incorporating the measures of these biological factors at different spatial resolutions. Here, we propose a personalized bottom-up spatiotemporal brain model that accounts for the direct interplay between hundreds of RNA transcripts and multiple macroscopic neuroimaging modalities (PET, MRI). In normal elderly and AD participants, the model identifies top genes modulating tau and amyloid-β burdens, vascular flow, glucose metabolism, functional activity, and atrophy to drive cognitive decline. The results also revealed that AD and healthy aging share specific biological mechanisms, even though AD is a separate entity with considerably more altered pathways. Overall, this personalized model offers novel insights into the multiscale alterations in the elderly brain, with important implications for identifying effective genetic targets for extending healthy aging and treating AD progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quadri Adewale
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | - Ahmed F Khan
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | | | - Yasser Iturria-Medina
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nikolopoulou PA, Koufaki MA, Kostourou V. The Adhesome Network: Key Components Shaping the Tumour Stroma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:525. [PMID: 33573141 PMCID: PMC7866493 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Beyond the conventional perception of solid tumours as mere masses of cancer cells, advanced cancer research focuses on the complex contributions of tumour-associated host cells that are known as "tumour microenvironment" (TME). It has been long appreciated that the tumour stroma, composed mainly of blood vessels, cancer-associated fibroblasts and immune cells, together with the extracellular matrix (ECM), define the tumour architecture and influence cancer cell properties. Besides soluble cues, that mediate the crosstalk between tumour and stroma cells, cell adhesion to ECM arises as a crucial determinant in cancer progression. In this review, we discuss how adhesome, the intracellular protein network formed at cell adhesions, regulate the TME and control malignancy. The role of adhesome extends beyond the physical attachment of cells to ECM and the regulation of cytoskeletal remodelling and acts as a signalling and mechanosensing hub, orchestrating cellular responses that shape the tumour milieu.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vassiliki Kostourou
- Biomedical Sciences Research Centre “Alexander Fleming”, Institute of Bioinnovation, 34 Fleming Str., 16672 Vari-Athens, Greece; (P.A.N.); (M.A.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang C, Lv X, He C, Davis JS, Wang C, Hua G. Four and a Half LIM Domains 2 (FHL2) Contribute to the Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207751. [PMID: 33092075 PMCID: PMC7589967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the most lethal gynecologic malignancies. To date, the etiology of this deadly disease remains elusive. FHL2, a member of the four and a half LIM domain family, has been shown to serve either as an oncoprotein or as a tumor suppressor in various cancers. Our previous study showed that FHL2 plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of ovarian granulosa cell tumor via regulating AKT1 transcription. However, direct and systematic evidence of FHL2 in the initiation and progression of EOC remains unclear. In the present study, immunohistochemical analysis from EOC patient tissues showed that positivity and intensity of FHL2 immunosignal were up-regulated in the EOC tissues compared with normal ovary tissues. Knockdown of FHL2 in SKOV-3 cell line reduced cell growth and cell viability, blocked cell cycle progression, and inhibited cell migration. Ectopic expression of FHL2 in IGROV-1 cells which have low endogenous FHL2, promoted cell growth, improved cell viability and enhanced cell migration. Additionally, knock down of FHL2 in the SKOV-3 cell line significantly inhibited anchorage-independent growth indicated by the soft agar assay. In comparison, overexpression of FHL2 in IGROV-1 cell improved the colonies growth in soft agar. Western blot data showed that knockdown of FHL2 downregulated AKT expression level, and upregulated apoptosis related proteins such as cleaved PARP, and cleaved-lamin A. Finally, by employing stable SKOV-3/FHL2 stable knock down cell line, our data clearly showed that knockdown of FHL2 inhibited EOC xenograft initiation in vivo. Taken together, our results showed that FHL2, via regulating cell proliferation, cell cycle, and adhesion, has a critical role in regulating EOC initiation and progression. These results indicate that FHL2 could be a potential target for the therapeutic drugs against EOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Xiangmin Lv
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA; (X.L.); (C.H.); (J.S.D.); (C.W.)
- Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Chunbo He
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA; (X.L.); (C.H.); (J.S.D.); (C.W.)
- Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - John S. Davis
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA; (X.L.); (C.H.); (J.S.D.); (C.W.)
- Omaha Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA; (X.L.); (C.H.); (J.S.D.); (C.W.)
- Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Guohua Hua
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-027-87515280
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
He M, Han T, Wang Y, Wu YH, Qin WS, Du LZ, Zhao CQ. Effects of HGF and KGF gene silencing on vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in rat ultraviolet radiation‑induced corneal neovascularization. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:1888-1899. [PMID: 30816491 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), two paracrine growth factors, modulate corneal epithelial cell metabolism, apoptosis and survival. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) serves as a proangiogenic factor in corneal neovascularization (CNV), which is a major cause of vision impairment and corneal blindness. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of HGF and KGF to influence VEGF and its receptor, kinase insert domain receptor (Flk‑1) in corneal injury and CNV in rats induced by ultraviolet radiation (UVR). An UVR‑induced corneal injury rat model was successfully established to characterize the expression patterns of KGF, HGF, VEGF and Flk‑1 in corneal tissues. Corneal epithelial cells were extracted and treated with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting KGF, HGF or both (si‑KGF, si‑HGF or si‑HGF/KGF). The effects of HGF and KGF were examined through detection of the expression of KGF, HGF, VEGF and Flk‑1, and the evaluation of cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell apoptosis. The expression levels of KGF, HGF, VEGF and Flk‑1 in corneal tissues were increased in the rat model. In the cell experiments, the transfection of si‑HGF/KGF resulted in reductions in VEGF, Flk‑1, KGF and HGF. In addition, decreased cell proliferation and elevated cell apoptosis were found in the corneal epithelial cells from the rat model following KGF and HGF gene silencing. Taken together, these findings suggest that HGF and KGF gene silencing inhibits UVR‑induced corneal epithelial proliferation and CNV and may function as novel targets for corneal wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Tao Han
- Clinical Medical College, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Bayi Children's Hospital Affiliated to PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Yao-Hong Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Shan Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Zhen Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Qing Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Leite Dantas R, Brachvogel B, Schied T, Bergmeier V, Skryabin B, Vogl T, Ludwig S, Wixler V. The LIM-Only Protein Four and a Half LIM Domain Protein 2 Attenuates Development of Psoriatic Arthritis by Blocking Adam17-Mediated Tumor Necrosis Factor Release. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 187:2388-2398. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
9
|
Tran MK, Kurakula K, Koenis DS, de Vries CJM. Protein-protein interactions of the LIM-only protein FHL2 and functional implication of the interactions relevant in cardiovascular disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1863:219-28. [PMID: 26548523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
FHL2 belongs to the LIM-domain only proteins and contains four and a half LIM domains, each of which are composed of two zinc finger structures. FHL2 exhibits specific interaction with proteins exhibiting diverse functions, including transmembrane receptors, transcription factors and transcription co-regulators, enzymes, and structural proteins. The function of these proteins is regulated by FHL2, which modulates intracellular signal transduction pathways involved in a plethora of cellular tasks. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on the protein interactome of FHL2 and provides an overview of the functional implication of these interactions in apoptosis, migration, and regulation of nuclear receptor function. FHL2 was originally identified in the heart and there is extensive literature available on the role of FHL2 in the cardiovascular system, which is also summarized in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Khang Tran
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kondababu Kurakula
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Duco S Koenis
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlie J M de Vries
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li SY, Huang PH, Tarng DC, Lin TP, Yang WC, Chang YH, Yang AH, Lin CC, Yang MH, Chen JW, Schmid-Schönbein GW, Chien S, Chu PH, Lin SJ. Four-and-a-Half LIM Domains Protein 2 Is a Coactivator of Wnt Signaling in Diabetic Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 26:3072-84. [PMID: 25855776 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014100989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a microvascular complication that leads to kidney dysfunction and ESRD, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Podocyte Wnt-pathway activation has been demonstrated to be a trigger mechanism for various proteinuric diseases. Notably, four-and-a-half LIM domains protein 2 (FHL2) is highly expressed in urogenital systems and has been implicated in Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Here, we used in vitro podocyte culture experiments and a streptozotocin-induced DKD model in FHL2 gene-knockout mice to determine the possible role of FHL2 in DKD and to clarify its association with the Wnt pathway. In human and mouse kidney tissues, FHL2 protein was abundantly expressed in podocytes but not in renal tubular cells. Treatment with high glucose or diabetes-related cytokines, including angiotensin II and TGF-β1, activated FHL2 protein and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cultured podocytes. This activation also upregulated FHL2 expression and promoted FHL2 translocation from cytosol to nucleus. Genetic deletion of the FHL2 gene mitigated the podocyte dedifferentiation caused by activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling under Wnt-On, but not under Wnt-Off, conditions. Diabetic FHL2(+/+) mice developed markedly increased albuminuria and thickening of the glomerular basement membrane compared with nondiabetic FHL2(+/+) mice. However, FHL2 knockout significantly attenuated these DKD-induced changes. Furthermore, kidney samples from patients with diabetes had a higher degree of FHL2 podocyte nuclear translocation, which was positively associated with albuminuria and progressive renal function deterioration. Therefore, we conclude that FHL2 has both structural and functional protein-protein interactions with β-catenin in the podocyte nucleus and that FHL2 protein inhibition can mitigate Wnt/β-catenin-induced podocytopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Yuan Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Der-Cherng Tarng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and Institute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ping Lin
- Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chang Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hwa Chang
- Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - An-Hang Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Muh-Hwa Yang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Wen Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Institute and Department of Pharmacology, and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Geert W Schmid-Schönbein
- The Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Shu Chien
- Departments of Bioengineering, Nanoengineering, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Pao-Hsien Chu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine; Healthcare Center; Heart Failure Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Jong Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Institute and Department of Pharmacology, and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ebrahimian T, Arfa O, Simeone S, Lemarié CA, Lehoux S, Wassmann S. Inhibition of four-and-a-half LIM domain protein-2 increases survival, migratory capacity, and paracrine function of human early outgrowth cells through activation of the sphingosine kinase-1 pathway: implications for endothelial regeneration. Circ Res 2013; 114:114-23. [PMID: 24084691 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.113.301954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Inhibition of four-and-a-half LIM domain protein-2 (FHL2) attenuates atherosclerotic lesion formation and increases endothelial cell migration. Early outgrowth cells (EOCs) contribute substantially to endothelial repair. OBJECTIVE We investigated the role of FHL2 in the regulation of EOCs. METHODS AND RESULTS Human EOCs were cultured from peripheral blood. FHL2 knockdown in EOCs by siRNA resulted in increased EOC numbers and reduced apoptosis, as indicated by decreased cleaved caspase-III and reduced Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio. This was mediated through increased phosphorylation and membrane translocation of sphingosine kinase-1, increased sphingosine-1-phosphate levels, and Akt phosphorylation. FHL2 knockdown increased stromal cell-derived factor-1-induced EOC migration through upregulation of αv/β3, αv/β5, and β2 integrins, associated with increased cortactin expression. Reduced apoptosis, increased EOC migration, and cortactin upregulation by FHL2 siRNA were prevented by CAY10621, the sphingosine kinase-1 inhibitor, and the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1/-3 antagonist VPC23019. These findings were confirmed using spleen-derived EOCs from FHL2(-/-) mice. Apoptosis was decreased and migration increased in endothelial cells exposed to the conditioned medium of FHL2(-/-) versus wild-type (WT) EOCs. These paracrine effects were abolished by VPC23019. Importantly, reendothelialization after focal carotid endothelial injury in WT mice was significantly increased after intravenous injection of FHL2(-/-) versus WT EOCs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that FHL2 negatively regulates EOC survival, migration, and paracrine function. FHL2 inhibition in EOCs reduces apoptosis and enhances survival and migratory capacity of both EOCs and surrounding endothelial cells by activation of the sphingosine kinase-1/sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway, resulting in improvement of endothelial regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Talin Ebrahimian
- From Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Huang PH, Chen CY, Lin CP, Wang CH, Tsai HY, Lo WY, Leu HB, Chen JW, Lin SJ, Chu PH. Deletion of FHL2 Gene Impaired Ischemia-Induced Blood Flow Recovery by Modulating Circulating Proangiogenic Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:709-17. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.300318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
The four and a half Lin11, Isl-1 and Mec-3 (LIM) domain protein 2 (FHL2) is a member of the four and a half LIM domain-only (FHL) gene family, and has been shown to play an important role in inhibiting inflammatory angiogenesis. Here, we tested the hypothesis that impaired ischemia-induced neovascularization in mice lacking FHL2 is related to a defect in proangiogenic cell mobilization and functions in vasculogenesis.
Approach and Results—
Unilateral hindlimb ischemia surgery was conducted in FHL2
−/−
mice and wild-type (FHL2
+/+
) mice. After hindlimb ischemia surgery, expression of FHL2 protein was noted in ischemic tissues of wild-type mice. All FHL2-null mice (100%) suffered from spontaneous foot amputation, but only 20% of wild-type mice had ischemia-induced foot amputation after ischemic surgery. Blood flow recovery was significantly impaired in FHL2
−/−
mice when compared with that in wild-type mice as determined by laser Doppler imaging. Histological analysis revealed that the capillary density in the ischemic limb was increased in wild-type mice, whereas no such increase was noted in FHL2
−/−
mice. Flow cytometry demonstrated that the number of CD34
+
or CD34
+
/Sca-1
+
/Flk-1
+
in peripheral blood after ischemic surgery significantly decreased in FHL2-null mice than those in wild-type mice after hindlimb ischemia surgery. FHL2 deficiency impaired ex vivo angiogenesis in mouse aortic-ring culture assay, which revealed that the mean density of the microvessels was significantly higher in the wild-type aorta than in the FHL2
−/−
aorta. Western blot analysis showed that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-6, matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 levels were significantly downregulated in ischemic muscles in FHL2-null mice compared with wild-type mice. Deletion of FHL2 protein by FHL2 small interfering RNA impaired VEGF production under hypoxia conditions, and also suppressed endothelial progenitor cell angiogenic functions, but these effects could be recovered by administration of VEGF.
Conclusions—
Deficiency of FHL2 impairs ischemia-induced neovascularization, and these suppressive effects may occur through a reduction in proangiogenic cell mobilization, migration, and vasculogenesis functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsun Huang
- From the Division of Cardiology (P.-H.H., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Medical Research and Education (J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.-P.L.), Healthcare and Management Center (H.-B.L.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine (P.-H.H.), Institute of Clinical Medicine (P.-H.H., C.-Y.C., C.-H.W., H.-Y.T., W.-Y.L., H.-B.L., S.-J.L.), Cardiovascular Research Center (P.-H.H., C.-H.W., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.),
| | - Chi-Yu Chen
- From the Division of Cardiology (P.-H.H., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Medical Research and Education (J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.-P.L.), Healthcare and Management Center (H.-B.L.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine (P.-H.H.), Institute of Clinical Medicine (P.-H.H., C.-Y.C., C.-H.W., H.-Y.T., W.-Y.L., H.-B.L., S.-J.L.), Cardiovascular Research Center (P.-H.H., C.-H.W., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.),
| | - Chih-Pei Lin
- From the Division of Cardiology (P.-H.H., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Medical Research and Education (J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.-P.L.), Healthcare and Management Center (H.-B.L.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine (P.-H.H.), Institute of Clinical Medicine (P.-H.H., C.-Y.C., C.-H.W., H.-Y.T., W.-Y.L., H.-B.L., S.-J.L.), Cardiovascular Research Center (P.-H.H., C.-H.W., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.),
| | - Chao-Hung Wang
- From the Division of Cardiology (P.-H.H., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Medical Research and Education (J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.-P.L.), Healthcare and Management Center (H.-B.L.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine (P.-H.H.), Institute of Clinical Medicine (P.-H.H., C.-Y.C., C.-H.W., H.-Y.T., W.-Y.L., H.-B.L., S.-J.L.), Cardiovascular Research Center (P.-H.H., C.-H.W., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.),
| | - Hsiao-Ya Tsai
- From the Division of Cardiology (P.-H.H., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Medical Research and Education (J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.-P.L.), Healthcare and Management Center (H.-B.L.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine (P.-H.H.), Institute of Clinical Medicine (P.-H.H., C.-Y.C., C.-H.W., H.-Y.T., W.-Y.L., H.-B.L., S.-J.L.), Cardiovascular Research Center (P.-H.H., C.-H.W., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.),
| | - Wei-Yuh Lo
- From the Division of Cardiology (P.-H.H., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Medical Research and Education (J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.-P.L.), Healthcare and Management Center (H.-B.L.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine (P.-H.H.), Institute of Clinical Medicine (P.-H.H., C.-Y.C., C.-H.W., H.-Y.T., W.-Y.L., H.-B.L., S.-J.L.), Cardiovascular Research Center (P.-H.H., C.-H.W., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.),
| | - Hsin-Bang Leu
- From the Division of Cardiology (P.-H.H., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Medical Research and Education (J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.-P.L.), Healthcare and Management Center (H.-B.L.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine (P.-H.H.), Institute of Clinical Medicine (P.-H.H., C.-Y.C., C.-H.W., H.-Y.T., W.-Y.L., H.-B.L., S.-J.L.), Cardiovascular Research Center (P.-H.H., C.-H.W., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.),
| | - Jaw-Wen Chen
- From the Division of Cardiology (P.-H.H., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Medical Research and Education (J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.-P.L.), Healthcare and Management Center (H.-B.L.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine (P.-H.H.), Institute of Clinical Medicine (P.-H.H., C.-Y.C., C.-H.W., H.-Y.T., W.-Y.L., H.-B.L., S.-J.L.), Cardiovascular Research Center (P.-H.H., C.-H.W., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.),
| | - Shing-Jong Lin
- From the Division of Cardiology (P.-H.H., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Medical Research and Education (J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.-P.L.), Healthcare and Management Center (H.-B.L.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine (P.-H.H.), Institute of Clinical Medicine (P.-H.H., C.-Y.C., C.-H.W., H.-Y.T., W.-Y.L., H.-B.L., S.-J.L.), Cardiovascular Research Center (P.-H.H., C.-H.W., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.),
| | - Pao-Hsien Chu
- From the Division of Cardiology (P.-H.H., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Medical Research and Education (J.-W.C., S.-J.L.), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.-P.L.), Healthcare and Management Center (H.-B.L.), Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine (P.-H.H.), Institute of Clinical Medicine (P.-H.H., C.-Y.C., C.-H.W., H.-Y.T., W.-Y.L., H.-B.L., S.-J.L.), Cardiovascular Research Center (P.-H.H., C.-H.W., H.-B.L., J.-W.C., S.-J.L.),
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kenchegowda D, Harvey SAK, Swamynathan S, Lathrop KL, Swamynathan SK. Critical role of Klf5 in regulating gene expression during post-eyelid opening maturation of mouse corneas. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44771. [PMID: 23024760 PMCID: PMC3443110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Klf5 plays an important role in maturation and maintenance of the mouse ocular surface. Here, we quantify WT and Klf5-conditional null (Klf5CN) corneal gene expression, identify Klf5-target genes and compare them with the previously identified Klf4-target genes to understand the molecular basis for non-redundant functions of Klf4 and Klf5 in the cornea. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Postnatal day-11 (PN11) and PN56 WT and Klf5CN corneal transcriptomes were quantified by microarrays to compare gene expression in maturing WT corneas, identify Klf5-target genes, and compare corneal Klf4- and Klf5-target genes. Whole-mount corneal immunofluorescent staining was employed to examine CD45+ cell influx and neovascularization. Effect of Klf5 on expression of desmosomal components was studied by immunofluorescent staining and transient co-transfection assays. Expression of 714 and 753 genes was increased, and 299 and 210 genes decreased in PN11 and PN56 Klf5CN corneas, respectively, with 366 concordant increases and 72 concordant decreases. PN56 Klf5CN corneas shared 241 increases and 98 decreases with those previously described in Klf4CN corneas. Xenobiotic metabolism related pathways were enriched among genes decreased in Klf5CN corneas. Expression of angiogenesis and immune response-related genes was elevated, consistent with neovascularization and CD45+ cell influx in Klf5CN corneas. Expression of 1574 genes was increased and 1915 genes decreased in WT PN56 compared with PN11 corneas. Expression of ECM-associated genes decreased, while that of solute carrier family members increased in WT PN56 compared with PN11 corneas. Dsg1a, Dsg1b and Dsp were down-regulated in Klf5CN corneas and their corresponding promoter activities were stimulated by Klf5 in transient co-transfection assays. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Differences between PN11 and PN56 corneal Klf5-target genes reveal dynamic changes in functions of Klf5 during corneal maturation. Klf5 contributes to corneal epithelial homeostasis by regulating the expression of desmosomal components. Klf4- and Klf5-target genes are largely distinct, consistent with their non-redundant roles in the mouse cornea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doreswamy Kenchegowda
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Stephen A. K. Harvey
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sudha Swamynathan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kira L. Lathrop
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Shivalingappa K. Swamynathan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lin CY, Li JR, Tseng HC, Wu MF, Lin WL. Enhancement of focused ultrasound with microbubbles on the treatments of anticancer nanodrug in mouse tumors. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2012; 8:900-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Revised: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
15
|
Yeh JT, Yeh LK, Jung SM, Chang TJ, Wu HH, Shiu TF, Liu CY, Kao WY, Chu PH. Impaired skin wound healing in lumican-null mice. Br J Dermatol 2010; 163:1174-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10008.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
16
|
Labalette C, Nouët Y, Levillayer F, Colnot S, Chen J, Claude V, Huerre M, Perret C, Buendia MA, Wei Y. Deficiency of the LIM-only protein FHL2 reduces intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc mutant mice. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10371. [PMID: 20442768 PMCID: PMC2860980 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2009] [Accepted: 03/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The four and a half LIM-only protein 2 (FHL2) is capable of shuttling between focal adhesion and nucleus where it signals through direct interaction with a number of proteins including β-catenin. Although FHL2 activation has been found in various human cancers, evidence of its functional contribution to carcinogenesis has been lacking. Methodology/Principal Findings Here we have investigated the role of FHL2 in intestinal tumorigenesis in which activation of the Wnt pathway by mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli gene (Apc) or in β-catenin constitutes the primary transforming event. In this murine model, introduction of a biallelic deletion of FHL2 into mutant ApcΔ14/+ mice substantially reduces the number of intestinal adenomas but not tumor growth, suggesting a role of FHL2 in the initial steps of tumorigenesis. In the lesions, Wnt signalling is not affected by FHL2 deficiency, remaining constitutively active. Nevertheless, loss of FHL2 activity is associated with increased epithelial cell migration in intestinal epithelium, which might allow to eliminate more efficiently deleterious cells and reduce the risk of tumorigenesis. This finding may provide a mechanistic basis for tumor suppression by FHL2 deficiency. In human colorectal carcinoma but not in low-grade dysplasia, we detected up-regulation and enhanced nuclear localization of FHL2, indicating the activation of FHL2 during the development of malignancy. Conclusions/Significance Our data demonstrate that FHL2 represents a critical factor in intestinal tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Labalette
- Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Inserm U579, Paris, France
| | - Yann Nouët
- Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Inserm U579, Paris, France
| | - Florence Levillayer
- Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Inserm U579, Paris, France
| | - Sabine Colnot
- Département d'Endocrinologie Métabolisme et Cancer, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Inserm U567, Paris, France
| | - Ju Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Valere Claude
- Département d'Anapathologie, Hôpital Bégin, Saint Mandé, France
| | - Michel Huerre
- Département d'Infection et Epidémiologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Christine Perret
- Département d'Endocrinologie Métabolisme et Cancer, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Inserm U567, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Annick Buendia
- Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Inserm U579, Paris, France
| | - Yu Wei
- Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Inserm U579, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Deletion of the FHL2 gene attenuates the formation of atherosclerotic lesions after a cholesterol-enriched diet. Life Sci 2010; 86:365-71. [PMID: 20096293 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2010.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2009] [Revised: 01/07/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS FHL2, a member of the four and a half LIM domain (FHL) family of proteins, may play an important role in the circulatory system and in particular atherosclerosis. MAIN METHODS To investigate the role of FHL2 in atherogenesis, FHL2-null and wild-type control male mice were fed either a normal chow (NC) or a cholesterol-enriched diet (CED). KEY FINDINGS At 3 months post CED, aortic atherosclerotic plaques were observed in both control and FHL2-null mice. Lesions in control mice increased dramatically by 6 months of CED. In contrast, lesion size did not increase during this time in CED-fed FHL2-null mice. Relative to control mice on a normal chow of diet (NCD), control mice on a CED exhibited lower circulating nitric oxide (NO) levels, and decreased expression of connexin37 (Cx37) and Cx40 in aortic endothelium. In contrast, FHL2-null mice on a CED maintained similar levels of circulating NO as FHL2-null mice fed a NCD. Cxs levels in aortic endothelium of FHL2-null mutants on a NCD were lower relative to control mice on a NCD, and did not decrease with CED. SIGNIFICANCE Our data demonstrate a role for FHL2 in atherogenesis, the regulation of circular NO release, and expression of gap junctions within aortic endothelium.
Collapse
|
18
|
Corneal transparency: genesis, maintenance and dysfunction. Brain Res Bull 2009; 81:198-210. [PMID: 19481138 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2009] [Revised: 04/14/2009] [Accepted: 05/20/2009] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Optimal vision is contingent upon transparency of the cornea. Corneal neovascularization, trauma and, surgical procedures such as photorefractive keratectomy and graft rejection after penetrating keratoplasty can lead to corneal opacification. In this article we identify the underlying basis of corneal transparency and factors that compromise the integrity of the cornea. With evidence from work on animal models and clinical studies, we explore the molecular mechanisms of both corneal avascularity and its dysfunction. We also seek to review therapeutic regimens that can safely salvage and restore corneal transparency.
Collapse
|