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Chen T, Wang L, Chen C, Li R, Zhu N, Liu R, Niu Y, Xiao Z, Liu H, Liu Q, Tu K. HIF-1α-activated TMEM237 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via the NPHP1/Pyk2/ERK pathway. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:120. [PMID: 37041420 PMCID: PMC11072547 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04767-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are the most essential endogenous transcription factors in the hypoxic microenvironment and regulate multiple genes involved in the proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. However, the regulatory mechanism of HIFs in driving HCC progression remains poorly understood. METHODS Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were carried out to investigate the role of TMEM237 in vitro and in vivo. The molecular mechanisms involved in HIF-1α-induced TMEM237 expression and TMEM237-mediated enhancement of HCC progression were confirmed by luciferase reporter, ChIP, IP-MS and Co-IP assays. RESULTS TMEM237 was identified as a novel hypoxia-responsive gene in HCC. HIF-1α directly bound to the promoter of TMEM237 to transactivate its expression. The overexpression of TMEM237 was frequently detected in HCC and associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients. TMEM237 facilitated the proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of HCC cells and promoted tumor growth and metastasis in mice. TMEM237 interacted with NPHP1 and strengthened the interaction between NPHP1 and Pyk2 to trigger the phosphorylation of Pyk2 and ERK1/2, thereby contributing to HCC progression. The TMEM237/NPHP1 axis mediates hypoxia-induced activation of the Pyk2/ERK1/2 pathway in HCC cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that HIF-1α-activated TMEM237 interacted with NPHP1 to activate the Pyk2/ERK pathway, thereby promoting HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710077, China
| | - Runtian Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Runkun Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yongshen Niu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhengtao Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Medical Equipment, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Qingguang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Kangsheng Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Skiba NP, Cady MA, Molday L, Han JYS, Lewis TR, Spencer WJ, Thompson WJ, Hiles S, Philp NJ, Molday RS, Arshavsky VY. TMEM67, TMEM237, and Embigin in Complex With Monocarboxylate Transporter MCT1 Are Unique Components of the Photoreceptor Outer Segment Plasma Membrane. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100088. [PMID: 33933680 PMCID: PMC8167285 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The outer segment (OS) organelle of vertebrate photoreceptors is a highly specialized cilium evolved to capture light and initiate light response. The plasma membrane which envelopes the OS plays vital and diverse roles in supporting photoreceptor function and health. However, little is known about the identity of its protein constituents, as this membrane cannot be purified to homogeneity. In this study, we used the technique of protein correlation profiling to identify unique OS plasma membrane proteins. To achieve this, we used label-free quantitative MS to compare relative protein abundances in an enriched preparation of the OS plasma membrane with a preparation of total OS membranes. We have found that only five proteins were enriched at the same level as previously validated OS plasma membrane markers. Two of these proteins, TMEM67 and TMEM237, had not been previously assigned to this membrane, and one, embigin, had not been identified in photoreceptors. We further showed that embigin associates with monocarboxylate transporter MCT1 in the OS plasma membrane, facilitating lactate transport through this cellular compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai P Skiba
- Albert Eye Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Martha A Cady
- Albert Eye Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laurie Molday
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John Y S Han
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tylor R Lewis
- Albert Eye Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - William J Spencer
- Albert Eye Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Will J Thompson
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sarah Hiles
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nancy J Philp
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert S Molday
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Vadim Y Arshavsky
- Albert Eye Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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3
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Nadolski NJ, Balay SD, Wong CXL, Waskiewicz AJ, Hocking JC. Abnormal Cone and Rod Photoreceptor Morphogenesis in gdf6a Mutant Zebrafish. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:9. [PMID: 32293666 PMCID: PMC7401959 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.4.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Analysis of photoreceptor morphology and gene expression in mispatterned eyes of zebrafish growth differentiation factor 6a (gdf6a) mutants. Methods Rod and cone photoreceptors were compared between gdf6a mutant and control zebrafish from larval to late adult stages using transgenic labels, immunofluorescence, and confocal microscopy, as well as by transmission electron microscopy. To compare transcriptomes between larval gdf6a mutant and control zebrafish, RNA-Seq was performed on isolated eyes. Results Although rod and cone photoreceptors differentiate in gdf6a mutant zebrafish, the cells display aberrant growth and morphology. The cone outer segments, the light-detecting sensory endings, are reduced in size in the mutant larvae and fail to recover to control size at subsequent stages. In contrast, rods form temporarily expanded outer segments. The inner segments, which generate the required energy and proteins for the outer segments, are shortened in both rods and cones at all stages. RNA-Seq analysis provides a set of misregulated genes associated with the observed abnormal photoreceptor morphogenesis. Conclusions GDF6 mutations were previously identified in patients with Leber congenital amaurosis. Here, we reveal a unique photoreceptor phenotype in the gdf6a mutant zebrafish whereby rods and cones undergo abnormal maturation distinct for each cell type. Further, subsequent development shows partial recovery of cell morphology and maintenance of the photoreceptor layer. By conducting a transcriptomic analysis of the gdf6a larval eyes, we identified a collection of genes that are candidate regulators of photoreceptor size and morphology.
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Chen JL, Hung CT, Keller JJ, Lin HC, Wu YJ. Proteomic analysis of retinal pigment epithelium cells after exposure to UVA radiation. BMC Ophthalmol 2019; 19:168. [PMID: 31375076 PMCID: PMC6679551 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-019-1151-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the primary cause of blindness and severe vision loss in developed countries and is responsible for 8.7% of blindness globally. Ultraviolet radiation can induce DNA breakdown, produce reactive oxygen species, and has been implicated as a risk factor for AMD. This study investigated the effects of UVA radiation on Human retinal pigment epithelial cell (ARPE-19) growth and protein expression. Methods ARPE-19 cells were irradiated with a UVA lamp at different doses (5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 J/cm2) from 10 cm. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Visual inspection was first achieved with inverted light microscopy and then the DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System was used to observe nuclear DNA fragmentation. Flow cytometry based-Annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining was used to further quantify cellular viability. Mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed with JC-1 staining. 2D electrophoresis maps of exposed cells were compared to nonexposed cells and gel images analyzed with PDQuest 2-D Analysis Software. Spots with greater than a 1.5-fold difference were selected for LC-MS/MS analysis and some confirmed by western blot. We further investigated whether caspase activation, apoptotic-related mitochondrial proteins, and regulators of ER stress sensors were involved in UVA-induced apoptosis. Results We detected 29 differentially expressed proteins (9 up-regulated and 20 down-regulated) in the exposed cells. Some of these proteins such as CALR, GRP78, NPM, Hsp27, PDI, ATP synthase subunit alpha, PRDX1, and GAPDH are associated with anti-proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and oxidative-stress protection. We also detected altered protein expression levels among caspases (caspase 3 and 9) and in the mitochondrial (cytosolic cytochrome C, AIF, Mcl-1, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, Bax, Bad, and p-Bad) and ER stress-related (p-PERK, p-eIF2α, ATF4 and CHOP) apoptotic pathways. Conclusions UVA irradiation suppressed the proliferation of ARPE-19 cells in a dose-dependent manner, caused quantitative loses in transmembrane potential (ΔΨm), and induced both early and late apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiunn-Liang Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Optometry, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Tzu Hung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Joseph Jordan Keller
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International Master's Program, College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Chung Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Jen Wu
- Department of Beauty Science, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan.
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Sabui S, Subramanian VS, Pham Q, Said HM. Identification of transmembrane protein 237 as a novel interactor with the intestinal riboflavin transporter-3 (RFVT-3): role in functionality and cell biology. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 316:C805-C814. [PMID: 30892938 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00029.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The apically localized riboflavin (RF) transporter-3 (RFVT-3) is involved in intestinal absorption of vitamin B2. Previous studies have characterized different physiological/biological aspects of the RFVT-3, but there is a lack of knowledge regarding possible existence of interacting partner(s) and consequence of interaction(s) on its function/cell biology. To address the latter, we performed yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening of a human colonic cDNA library and have identified transmembrane protein 237 (TMEM237) as a putative interactor with the human (h)RFVT-3; the interaction was further confirmed via "1-by-1" Y2H assay that involved appropriate positive and negative controls. TMEM237 was found to be highly expressed in human native intestine and in human intestinal epithelial cell lines; further, confocal images showed colocalization of the protein with hRFVT-3. The interaction between TMEM237 with hRFVT-3 in human intestinal epithelial HuTu-80 cells was established by coimmunoprecipitation. Expressing TMEM237 in HuTu-80 cells led to a significant induction in RF uptake, while its knockdown (with the use of gene-specific siRNA) led to a significant reduction in uptake. Transfecting TMEM237 into HuTu-80 cells also led to a marked enhancement in hRFVT-3 protein stability (reflected by an increase in the protein half-life). Interestingly, the level of expression of TMEM237 was found to be markedly reduced following treatment with TNF-α (a proinflammatory cytokine that inhibits intestinal RF uptake), while its expression was significantly upregulated following treatment with butyrate (an inducer of intestinal RF uptake). These findings identify TMEM237 as an interactor with the intestinal hRFVT-3 and show that the interaction has physiological/biological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Sabui
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California , Irvine, California.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California , Irvine, California.,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, California
| | - Veedamali S Subramanian
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California , Irvine, California.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California , Irvine, California.,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, California
| | - Quang Pham
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California , Irvine, California
| | - Hamid M Said
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California , Irvine, California.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California , Irvine, California.,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, California
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Indrischek H, Prohaska SJ, Gurevich VV, Gurevich EV, Stadler PF. Uncovering missing pieces: duplication and deletion history of arrestins in deuterostomes. BMC Evol Biol 2017; 17:163. [PMID: 28683816 PMCID: PMC5501109 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-017-1001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cytosolic arrestin proteins mediate desensitization of activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) via competition with G proteins for the active phosphorylated receptors. Arrestins in active, including receptor-bound, conformation are also transducers of signaling. Therefore, this protein family is an attractive therapeutic target. The signaling outcome is believed to be a result of structural and sequence-dependent interactions of arrestins with GPCRs and other protein partners. Here we elucidated the detailed evolution of arrestins in deuterostomes. RESULTS Identity and number of arrestin paralogs were determined searching deuterostome genomes and gene expression data. In contrast to standard gene prediction methods, our strategy first detects exons situated on different scaffolds and then solves the problem of assigning them to the correct gene. This increases both the completeness and the accuracy of the annotation in comparison to conventional database search strategies applied by the community. The employed strategy enabled us to map in detail the duplication- and deletion history of arrestin paralogs including tandem duplications, pseudogenizations and the formation of retrogenes. The two rounds of whole genome duplications in the vertebrate stem lineage gave rise to four arrestin paralogs. Surprisingly, visual arrestin ARR3 was lost in the mammalian clades Afrotheria and Xenarthra. Duplications in specific clades, on the other hand, must have given rise to new paralogs that show signatures of diversification in functional elements important for receptor binding and phosphate sensing. CONCLUSION The current study traces the functional evolution of deuterostome arrestins in unprecedented detail. Based on a precise re-annotation of the exon-intron structure at nucleotide resolution, we infer the gain and loss of paralogs and patterns of conservation, co-variation and selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrike Indrischek
- Computational EvoDevo Group, Department of Computer Science, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16-18, Leipzig, D-04107, Germany.
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16-18, Leipzig, D-04107, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16-18, Leipzig, D-04107, Germany.
| | - Sonja J Prohaska
- Computational EvoDevo Group, Department of Computer Science, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16-18, Leipzig, D-04107, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16-18, Leipzig, D-04107, Germany
| | - Vsevolod V Gurevich
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, 2200 Pierce Ave, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Eugenia V Gurevich
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, 2200 Pierce Ave, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Peter F Stadler
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16-18, Leipzig, D-04107, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstraße 16-18, Leipzig, D-04107, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Inselstraße 22, Leipzig, D-04103, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Perlickstraße 1, Leipzig, D-04103, Germany
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
- Center for non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, Grønegårdsvej 3, Frederiksberg C, DK-1870, Denmark
- Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Rd., Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
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Deming JD, Pak JS, Shin JA, Brown BM, Kim MK, Aung MH, Lee EJ, Pardue MT, Craft CM. Arrestin 1 and Cone Arrestin 4 Have Unique Roles in Visual Function in an All-Cone Mouse Retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2016; 56:7618-28. [PMID: 26624493 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.15-17832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies discovered cone phototransduction shutoff occurs normally for Arr1-/- and Arr4-/-; however, it is defective when both visual arrestins are simultaneously not expressed (Arr1-/-Arr4-/-). We investigated the roles of visual arrestins in an all-cone retina (Nrl-/-) since each arrestin has differential effects on visual function, including ARR1 for normal light adaptation, and ARR4 for normal contrast sensitivity and visual acuity. METHODS We examined Nrl-/-, Nrl-/-Arr1-/-, Nrl-/-Arr4-/-, and Nrl-/-Arr1-/-Arr4-/- mice with photopic electroretinography (ERG) to assess light adaptation and retinal responses, immunoblot and immunohistochemical localization analysis to measure retinal expression levels of M- and S-opsin, and optokinetic tracking (OKT) to measure the visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. RESULTS Study results indicated that Nrl-/- and Nrl-/-Arr4-/- mice light adapted normally, while Nrl-/-Arr1-/- and Nrl-/-Arr1-/-Arr4-/- mice did not. Photopic ERG a-wave, b-wave, and flicker amplitudes followed a general pattern in which Nrl-/-Arr4-/- amplitudes were higher than the amplitudes of Nrl-/-, while the amplitudes of Nrl-/-Arr1-/- and Nrl-/-Arr1-/-Arr4-/- were lower. All three visual arrestin knockouts had faster implicit times than Nrl-/- mice. M-opsin expression is lower when ARR1 is not expressed, while S-opsin expression is lower when ARR4 is not expressed. Although M-opsin expression is mislocalized throughout the photoreceptor cells, S-opsin is confined to the outer segments in all genotypes. Contrast sensitivity is decreased when ARR4 is not expressed, while visual acuity was normal except in Nrl-/-Arr1-/-Arr4-/-. CONCLUSIONS Based on the opposite visual phenotypes in an all-cone retina in the Nrl-/-Arr1-/- and Nrl-/-Arr4-/- mice, we conclude that ARR1 and ARR4 perform unique modulatory roles in cone photoreceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janise D Deming
- Mary D. Allen Laboratory for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, USC Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Joseph S Pak
- Mary D. Allen Laboratory for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, USC Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Jung-A Shin
- Mary D. Allen Laboratory for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, USC Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States 2Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans
| | - Bruce M Brown
- Mary D. Allen Laboratory for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, USC Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Moon K Kim
- Rehabilitation Research & Development Center of Excellence, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States
| | - Moe H Aung
- Neuroscience/Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Eun-Jin Lee
- Mary D. Allen Laboratory for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, USC Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States 5Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sou
| | - Machelle T Pardue
- Rehabilitation Research & Development Center of Excellence, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States 4Neuroscience/Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Cheryl Mae Craft
- Mary D. Allen Laboratory for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, USC Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States 6Department of Cell & Neurobiology, Keck School of Medic
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8
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Deming JD, Pak JS, Brown BM, Kim MK, Aung MH, Eom YS, Shin JA, Lee EJ, Pardue MT, Craft CM. Visual Cone Arrestin 4 Contributes to Visual Function and Cone Health. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2015; 56:5407-16. [PMID: 26284544 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.15-16647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Visual arrestins (ARR) play a critical role in shutoff of rod and cone phototransduction. When electrophysiological responses are measured for a single mouse cone photoreceptor, ARR1 expression can substitute for ARR4 in cone pigment desensitization; however, each arrestin may also contribute its own, unique role to modulate other cellular functions. METHODS A combination of ERG, optokinetic tracking, immunohistochemistry, and immunoblot analysis was used to investigate the retinal phenotypes of Arr4 null mice (Arr4-/-) compared with age-matched control, wild-type mice. RESULTS When 2-month-old Arr4-/- mice were compared with wild-type mice, they had diminished visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, yet enhanced ERG flicker response and higher photopic ERG b-wave amplitudes. In contrast, in older Arr4-/- mice, all ERG amplitudes were significantly reduced in magnitude compared with age-matched controls. Furthermore, in older Arr4-/- mice, the total cone numbers decreased and cone opsin protein immunoreactive expression levels were significantly reduced, while overall photoreceptor outer nuclear layer thickness was unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that Arr4-/- mice display distinct phenotypic differences when compared to controls, suggesting that ARR4 modulates essential functions in high acuity vision and downstream cellular signaling pathways that are not fulfilled or substituted by the coexpression of ARR1, despite its high expression levels in all mouse cones. Without normal ARR4 expression levels, cones slowly degenerate with increasing age, making this a new model to study age-related cone dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janise D Deming
- Mary D. Allen Laboratory for Vision Research, USC Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Joseph S Pak
- Mary D. Allen Laboratory for Vision Research, USC Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Bruce M Brown
- Mary D. Allen Laboratory for Vision Research, USC Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Moon K Kim
- Rehabilitation Research & Development Center of Excellence, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States
| | - Moe H Aung
- Neuroscience/Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Yun Sung Eom
- Mary D. Allen Laboratory for Vision Research, USC Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States 4Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, Univers
| | - Jung-A Shin
- Mary D. Allen Laboratory for Vision Research, USC Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States 5Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans
| | - Eun-Jin Lee
- Mary D. Allen Laboratory for Vision Research, USC Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States 6Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sou
| | - Machelle T Pardue
- Rehabilitation Research & Development Center of Excellence, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, United States 3Neuroscience/Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Cheryl Mae Craft
- Mary D. Allen Laboratory for Vision Research, USC Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States 7Department of Cell & Neurobiology, Keck School of Medic
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Kraljević Pavelić S, Klobučar M, Sedić M, Micek V, Gehrig P, Grossman J, Pavelić K, Vojniković B. UV-induced retinal proteome changes in the rat model of age-related macular degeneration. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:1833-45. [PMID: 26071645 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is characterized by irreversible damage of photoreceptors in the central posterior part of the retina, called the macula and is the most common cause of vision loss in those aged over 50. A growing body of evidence shows that cumulative long-term exposure to UV radiation may be harmful to the retina and possibly leads to AMD irrespective of age. In spite of many research efforts, cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to UV-induced retinal damage and possibly retinal diseases such as AMD are not completely understood. In the present study we explored damage mechanisms accounting for UV-induced retinal phototoxicity in the rats exposed to UVA and UVB irradiation using a proteomics approach. Our study showed that UV irradiation induces profound changes in the retinal proteomes of the rats associated with the disruption of energy homeostasis, oxidative stress, DNA damage response and structural and functional impairments of the interphotoreceptor matrix components and their cell surface receptors such as galectins. Two small leucine-rich proteoglycans, biglycan and lumican, were identified as phototoxicity biomarkers associated with UV-induced disruption of interphotoreceptor matrix (IPM). In addition, UVB induced activation of Src kinase, which could account for cytoskeletal rearrangements in the retina was observed at the proteomics level. Pharmacological intervention either to target Src kinase with the aim of preventing cytoskeletal rearrangements in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and neuronal retina or to help rebuild damaged IPM may provide fresh avenues of treatment for patients suffering from AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kraljević Pavelić
- University of Rijeka, Department of Biotechnology, Radmile Matejčić 2, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia; University of Rijeka, Centre for high-throughput technologies, Radmile Matejčić 2, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Marko Klobučar
- University of Rijeka, Department of Biotechnology, Radmile Matejčić 2, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia; University of Rijeka, Centre for high-throughput technologies, Radmile Matejčić 2, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Mirela Sedić
- University of Rijeka, Department of Biotechnology, Radmile Matejčić 2, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia; University of Rijeka, Centre for high-throughput technologies, Radmile Matejčić 2, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vedran Micek
- The Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, POB 291, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Peter Gehrig
- Functional Genomics Center Zürich, University of Zurich/ETH Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Grossman
- Functional Genomics Center Zürich, University of Zurich/ETH Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Krešimir Pavelić
- University of Rijeka, Department of Biotechnology, Radmile Matejčić 2, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia; University of Rijeka, Centre for high-throughput technologies, Radmile Matejčić 2, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Božidar Vojniković
- University of Applied Sciences Velika Gorica, Zagrebačka cesta 5, Velika Gorica 10410, Croatia
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10
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Lee YL, Santé J, Comerci CJ, Cyge B, Menezes LF, Li FQ, Germino GG, Moerner WE, Takemaru KI, Stearns T. Cby1 promotes Ahi1 recruitment to a ring-shaped domain at the centriole-cilium interface and facilitates proper cilium formation and function. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:2919-33. [PMID: 25103236 PMCID: PMC4230582 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-02-0735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cby1 localizes to centrioles and antagonizes canonical Wnt signaling. Cby1−/− mice have cystic kidneys, and Cby1 facilitates primary cilium formation and ciliary recruitment of Arl13b. Cby1 localizes to a distal centriolar domain with Ofd1 and Ahi1, and the amount of Ahi1 at the transition zone is reduced in Cby1−/− cells. Defects in centrosome and cilium function are associated with phenotypically related syndromes called ciliopathies. Cby1, the mammalian orthologue of the Drosophila Chibby protein, localizes to mature centrioles, is important for ciliogenesis in multiciliated airway epithelia in mice, and antagonizes canonical Wnt signaling via direct regulation of β-catenin. We report that deletion of the mouse Cby1 gene results in cystic kidneys, a phenotype common to ciliopathies, and that Cby1 facilitates the formation of primary cilia and ciliary recruitment of the Joubert syndrome protein Arl13b. Localization of Cby1 to the distal end of mature centrioles depends on the centriole protein Ofd1. Superresolution microscopy using both three-dimensional SIM and STED reveals that Cby1 localizes to an ∼250-nm ring at the distal end of the mature centriole, in close proximity to Ofd1 and Ahi1, a component of the transition zone between centriole and cilium. The amount of centriole-localized Ahi1, but not Ofd1, is reduced in Cby1−/− cells. This suggests that Cby1 is required for efficient recruitment of Ahi1, providing a possible molecular mechanism for the ciliogenesis defect in Cby1−/− cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Loon Lee
- Department of Biology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Joshua Santé
- Department of Biology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Colin J Comerci
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Benjamin Cyge
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
| | - Luis F Menezes
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Feng-Qian Li
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
| | - Gregory G Germino
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - W E Moerner
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Ken-Ichi Takemaru
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
| | - Tim Stearns
- Department of Biology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
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11
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Abstract
Cone arrestin (Arr4) was discovered 20 years ago as a human X-chromosomal gene that is highly expressed in pinealocytes and cone photoreceptors. Subsequently, specific antibodies were developed to identify Arr4 and to distinguish cone photoreceptor morphology in health and disease states. These reagents were used to demonstrate Arr4 translocation from cone inner segments in the dark to outer segments with light stimulation, similarly to Arrestin 1 (Arr1) translocation in rod photoreceptors. A decade later, the Arr4 crystal structure was solved, which provided more clues about Arr4's mechanisms of action. With the creation of genetically engineered visual arrestin knockout mice, one critical function of Arr4 was clarified. In single living cones, both visual arrestins bind to light-activated, G protein receptor kinase 1 (Grk1) phosphorylated cone opsins to desensitize them, and in their absence, mouse cone pigment shutoff is delayed. Still under investigation are additional functions; however, it is clear that Arr4 has non-opsin-binding partners and diverse synaptic roles, including cellular anchoring and trafficking. Recent studies reveal Arr4 is involved in high temporal resolution and contrast sensitivity, which opens up a new direction for research on this intriguing protein. Even more exciting is the potential for therapeutic use of the Arr4 promoter with an AAV-halorhodopsin that was shown to be effective in using the remaining cones in retinal degeneration mouse models to drive inner retinal circuitry for motion detection and light/dark discrimination.
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12
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Huang L, Szymanska K, Jensen V, Janecke A, Innes A, Davis E, Frosk P, Li C, Willer J, Chodirker B, Greenberg C, McLeod D, Bernier F, Chudley A, Müller T, Shboul M, Logan C, Loucks C, Beaulieu C, Bowie R, Bell S, Adkins J, Zuniga F, Ross K, Wang J, Ban M, Becker C, Nürnberg P, Douglas S, Craft C, Akimenko MA, Hegele R, Ober C, Utermann G, Bolz H, Bulman D, Katsanis N, Blacque O, Doherty D, Parboosingh J, Leroux M, Johnson C, Boycott K. TMEM237 is mutated in individuals with a Joubert syndrome related disorder and expands the role of the TMEM family at the ciliary transition zone. Am J Hum Genet 2011; 89:713-30. [PMID: 22152675 PMCID: PMC3234373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Joubert syndrome related disorders (JSRDs) have broad but variable phenotypic overlap with other ciliopathies. The molecular etiology of this overlap is unclear but probably arises from disrupting common functional module components within primary cilia. To identify additional module elements associated with JSRDs, we performed homozygosity mapping followed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) and uncovered mutations in TMEM237 (previously known as ALS2CR4). We show that loss of the mammalian TMEM237, which localizes to the ciliary transition zone (TZ), results in defective ciliogenesis and deregulation of Wnt signaling. Furthermore, disruption of Danio rerio (zebrafish) tmem237 expression produces gastrulation defects consistent with ciliary dysfunction, and Caenorhabditis elegans jbts-14 genetically interacts with nphp-4, encoding another TZ protein, to control basal body-TZ anchoring to the membrane and ciliogenesis. Both mammalian and C. elegans TMEM237/JBTS-14 require RPGRIP1L/MKS5 for proper TZ localization, and we demonstrate additional functional interactions between C. elegans JBTS-14 and MKS-2/TMEM216, MKSR-1/B9D1, and MKSR-2/B9D2. Collectively, our findings integrate TMEM237/JBTS-14 in a complex interaction network of TZ-associated proteins and reveal a growing contribution of a TZ functional module to the spectrum of ciliopathy phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Huang
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Katarzyna Szymanska
- Section of Ophthalmology and Neurosciences, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Victor L. Jensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Andreas R. Janecke
- Department of Pediatrics II, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
- Division of Human Genetics, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - A. Micheil Innes
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T3B 6A8, Canada
| | - Erica E. Davis
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Patrick Frosk
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3R 0J9, Canada
| | - Chunmei Li
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Jason R. Willer
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Bernard N. Chodirker
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3R 0J9, Canada
| | - Cheryl R. Greenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3R 0J9, Canada
| | - D. Ross McLeod
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T3B 6A8, Canada
| | - Francois P. Bernier
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T3B 6A8, Canada
| | - Albert E. Chudley
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3R 0J9, Canada
| | - Thomas Müller
- Department of Pediatrics II, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Mohammad Shboul
- Institute of Medical Biology: Human Embryology, 8A Biomedical Grove, #05-40 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Clare V. Logan
- Section of Ophthalmology and Neurosciences, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Catrina M. Loucks
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T3B 6A8, Canada
| | - Chandree L. Beaulieu
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Rachel V. Bowie
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Sandra M. Bell
- Section of Ophthalmology and Neurosciences, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Jonathan Adkins
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Freddi I. Zuniga
- Mary D. Allen Laboratory in Vision Research, Doheny Eye Institute, Departments of Ophthalmology and Cell and Neurobiology, Los Angeles, CA 90033-9224, USA
| | - Kevin D. Ross
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Robarts Research Institute and University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Matthew R. Ban
- Robarts Research Institute and University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Christian Becker
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Stuart Douglas
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Cheryl M. Craft
- Mary D. Allen Laboratory in Vision Research, Doheny Eye Institute, Departments of Ophthalmology and Cell and Neurobiology, Los Angeles, CA 90033-9224, USA
| | | | - Robert A. Hegele
- Robarts Research Institute and University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Carole Ober
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Gerd Utermann
- Division of Human Genetics, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Hanno J. Bolz
- Center for Human Genetics, Bioscientia, 55218 Ingelheim, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis E. Bulman
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Nicholas Katsanis
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Oliver E. Blacque
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Dan Doherty
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Michel R. Leroux
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Colin A. Johnson
- Section of Ophthalmology and Neurosciences, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Kym M. Boycott
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
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