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Chen Q, Wang L, Wei Y, Xu X, Guo X, Liang Q. Ferroptosis as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Reducing Inflammation and Corneal Scarring in Bacterial Keratitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:29. [PMID: 38381413 PMCID: PMC10893897 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.2.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Bacterial keratitis (BK) is a serious ocular infection that can cause severe inflammation and corneal scarring, leading to vision loss. In this study, we aimed to investigate the involvement of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of BK. Methods Transcriptome analysis was performed to evaluate ferroptosis-related gene expression in human BK corneas. Subsequently, the ferroptosis in mouse models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis and corneal stromal stem cells (CSSCs) were validated. The mice were treated with levofloxacin (LEV) or levofloxacin combined with ferrostatin-1 (LEV+Fer-1). CSSCs were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or LPS combined Fer-1. Inflammatory cytokines, α-SMA, and ferroptosis-related regulators were evaluated by RT-qPCR, immunostaining, and Western blot. Iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. Results Transcriptome analysis revealed significant alterations in ferroptosis-related genes in human BK corneas. In the BK mouse models, the group treated with LEV+Fer-1 exhibited reduced inflammatory cytokines (MPO, TNF-α, and IFN-γ), decreased corneal scarring and α-SMA expression, and lower Fe3+ compared to the BK and LEV groups. Notably, the LEV+Fer-1 group showed elevated GPX4 and SLC7A11 in contrast to the BK and LEV group. In vitro, Fer-1 treatment effectively restored the alterations of ROS, Fe2+, GPX4, and SLC7A11 induced by LPS in CSSCs. Conclusions Ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of BK. The inhibition of ferroptosis holds promise for mitigating inflammation, reducing corneal scarring, and ultimately enhancing the prognosis of BK. Consequently, this study provides a potential target for innovative therapeutic strategies for BK, which holds immense potential to transform the treatment of BK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Chen
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Leying Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xizhan Xu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingfeng Liang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing, China
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Fang X, Lian H, Liu S, Dong J, Hua X, Li W, Liao C, Yuan X. A positive feedback cycle between the alarmin S100A8/A9 and NLRP3 inflammasome-GSDMD signalling reinforces the innate immune response in Candida albicans keratitis. Inflamm Res 2023:10.1007/s00011-023-01757-5. [PMID: 37335321 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01757-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fungal keratitis is a severe sight-threatening ocular infection, without effective treatment strategies available now. Calprotectin S100A8/A9 has recently attracted great attention as a critical alarmin modulating the innate immune response against microbial challenges. However, the unique role of S100A8/A9 in fungal keratitis is poorly understood. METHODS Experimental fungal keratitis was established in wild-type and gene knockout (TLR4-/- and GSDMD-/-) mice by infecting mouse corneas with Candida albicans. The degree of mouse cornea injuries was evaluated by clinical scoring. To interrogate the molecular mechanism in vitro, macrophage RAW264.7 cell line was challenged with Candida albicans or recombinant S100A8/A9 protein. Label-free quantitative proteomics, quantitative real-time PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were conducted in this research. RESULTS Herein, we characterized the proteome of mouse corneas infected with Candida albicans and found that S100A8/A9 was robustly expressed at the early stage of the disease. S100A8/A9 significantly enhanced disease progression by promoting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and Caspase-1 maturation, accompanied by increased accumulation of macrophages in infected corneas. In response to Candida albicans infection, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) sensed extracellular S100A8/A9 and acted as a bridge between S100A8/A9 and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in mouse corneas. Furthermore, the deletion of TLR4 resulted in noticeable improvement in fungal keratitis. Remarkably, NLRP3/GSDMD-mediated macrophage pyroptosis in turn facilitates S100A8/A9 secretion during Candida albicans keratitis, thus forming a positive feedback cycle that amplifies the proinflammatory response in corneas. CONCLUSIONS The present study is the first to reveal the critical roles of the alarmin S100A8/A9 in the immunopathology of Candida albicans keratitis, highlighting a promising approach for therapeutic intervention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Fang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huifang Lian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingcun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Hua
- Aier Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenguang Li
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Yuan
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China.
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3
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Chen Y, Ouyang Y, Li Z, Wang X, Ma J. S100A8 and S100A9 in Cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188891. [PMID: 37001615 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
S100A8 and S100A9 are Ca2+ binding proteins that belong to the S100 family. Primarily expressed in neutrophils and monocytes, S100A8 and S100A9 play critical roles in modulating various inflammatory responses and inflammation-associated diseases. Forming a common heterodimer structure S100A8/A9, S100A8 and S100A9 are widely reported to participate in multiple signaling pathways in tumor cells. Meanwhile, S100A8/A9, S100A8, and S100A9, mainly as promoters, contribute to tumor development, growth and metastasis by interfering with tumor metabolism and the microenvironment. In recent years, the potential of S100A8/A9, S100A9, and S100A8 as tumor diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers has also been demonstrated. In addition, an increasing number of potential therapies targeting S100A8/A9 and related signaling pathways have emerged. In this review, we will first expound on the characteristics of S100A8/A9, S100A9, and S100A8 in-depth, focus on their interactions with tumor cells and microenvironments, and then discuss their clinical applications as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. We also highlight current limitations and look into the future of S100A8/A9 targeted anti-cancer therapy.
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Antimicrobial peptide S100A12 (calgranulin C) inhibits growth, biofilm formation, pyoverdine secretion and suppresses type VI secretion system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microb Pathog 2022; 169:105654. [PMID: 35753599 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and is the major cause of corneal infections in India and worldwide. The increase in antimicrobial resistance among Pseudomonas has prompted rise in significant research to develop alternative therapeutics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered as potent alternatives to combat bacterial infections. In this study, we investigated the role of S100A12, a host defense peptide, against PAO1 and an ocular clinical isolate. Increased expression of S100A12 was observed in corneal tissues obtained from Pseudomonas keratitis patients by immunohistochemistry. S100A12 significantly inhibited growth of Pseudomonas in vitro as determined from colony forming units. Furthermore, recombinant S100A12 reduced the corneal opacity and the bacterial load in a mouse model of Pseudomonas keratitis. Transcriptome changes in PAO1 in response to S100A12 was investigated using RNA sequencing. The pathway analysis of transcriptome data revealed that S100A12 inhibits expression of genes involved in pyoverdine synthesis and biofilm formation. It also impedes several important pathways like redox, pyocyanin synthesis and type 6 secretion system (T6SS). The transcriptome data was further validated by checking the expression of several affected genes by quantitative PCR. Our study sheds light on how S100A12 impacts Pseudomonas and that it might have the potential to be used as therapeutic intervention in addition to antibiotics to combat infection in future.
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Ranjbar R, Ghasemian M, Maniati M, Hossein Khatami S, Jamali N, Taheri-Anganeh M. Gastrointestinal disorder biomarkers. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 530:13-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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6
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Panpruk R, Puangsricharern V, Klaewsongkram J, Rerknimitr P, Kittipibul T, Chongpison Y, Buranapraditkun S. Clinical parameters and biological markers associated with acute severe ocular complications in Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20275. [PMID: 34642376 PMCID: PMC8510998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99370-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions with high mortality rates. Its sequelae, such as blindness, persist even after recovery. Patients with SJS/TEN should be accurately diagnosed and receive appropriate treatment as soon as possible. Therefore, identifying the factors for severity prediction is necessary. We aimed to clarify the clinical parameters and biological markers that can predict acute severe ocular complications (SOCs) in SJS/TEN. This retrospective cross-sectional study enrolled 47 patients with SJS/TEN who were divided into two groups according to ocular severity at acute onset: non-severe ocular complications group (n = 27) and severe ocular complications group (n = 20). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that disease severity (body surface area detachment ≥ 10%) was a predictive factor for acute SOCs, and older age (≥ 60 years) was marginally significantly predictive of SOCs. Serum biomarker levels of S100A8/A9 and granulysin were marginally significant and tended to increase in the SOC group. Therefore, during the early acute stage, focusing on disease severity, patient age, and serum inflammatory biomarkers (S100A8/A9 and granulysin) might help predict SOC progression in patients with SJS/TEN who need prompt and aggressive ocular management to prevent severe ocular sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawiphan Panpruk
- Cornea and Refractive Surgery Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellence Center of Cornea and Limbal Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Ophthalmology, 1873 King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Vilavun Puangsricharern
- Cornea and Refractive Surgery Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. .,Excellence Center of Cornea and Limbal Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Ophthalmology, 1873 King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Jettanong Klaewsongkram
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,The Skin and Allergy Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pawinee Rerknimitr
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,The Skin and Allergy Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanachaporn Kittipibul
- Cornea and Refractive Surgery Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellence Center of Cornea and Limbal Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Ophthalmology, 1873 King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Yuda Chongpison
- Center of Excellence in Biostatistics, Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supranee Buranapraditkun
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development (Chula Vaccine Research Center, Chula VRC), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Thai Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Immunology (TPGHAI) Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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7
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Jadi PK, Sharma P, Bhogapurapu B, Roy S. Alternative Therapeutic Interventions: Antimicrobial Peptides and Small Molecules to Treat Microbial Keratitis. Front Chem 2021; 9:694998. [PMID: 34458234 PMCID: PMC8386189 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.694998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial keratitis is a leading cause of blindness worldwide and results in unilateral vision loss in an estimated 2 million people per year. Bacteria and fungus are two main etiological agents that cause corneal ulcers. Although antibiotics and antifungals are commonly used to treat corneal infections, a clear trend with increasing resistance to these antimicrobials is emerging at rapid pace. Extensive research has been carried out to determine alternative therapeutic interventions, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are increasingly recognized for their clinical potential in treating infections. Small molecules targeted against virulence factors of the pathogens and natural compounds are also explored to meet the challenges and growing demand for therapeutic agents. Here we review the potential of AMPs, small molecules, and natural compounds as alternative therapeutic interventions for the treatment of corneal infections to combat antimicrobial resistance. Additionally, we have also discussed about the different formats of drug delivery systems for optimal administration of drugs to treat microbial keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kumar Jadi
- Prof, Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Prerana Sharma
- Prof, Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Bharathi Bhogapurapu
- Prof, Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sanhita Roy
- Prof, Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
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8
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Kasus-Jacobi A, Land CA, Stock AJ, Washburn JL, Pereira HA. Antimicrobial Peptides Derived from the Immune Defense Protein CAP37 Inhibit TLR4 Activation by S100A9. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:16. [PMID: 32298435 PMCID: PMC7401491 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.4.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Corneal abrasion is a common eye injury, and its resolution can be seriously complicated by bacterial infection. We showed that topical application of the cationic antimicrobial protein of 37 kDa (CAP37) promotes corneal re-epithelialization in mice, and peptides derived from CAP37 can recapitulate the antibacterial and wound-healing effects of the full-length protein. The current study was designed to identify the molecular mechanisms mediating the wound-healing effect of CAP37 and derived bioactive peptides. Methods We used a TriCEPS-based, ligand-receptor glycocapture method to identify the binding partners of CAP37 on live human corneal epithelial cells using the hTCEpi cell line. We used an ELISA method to confirm binding with identified partners and test the binding with CAP37-derived peptides. We used a reporter cell line to measure activation of the identified membrane receptor by CAP37 and derived peptides. Results We pulled down S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9) as a binding partner of CAP37 and found that CAP37 and four derived peptides encompassing two regions of CAP37 bind S100A9 with high affinities. We found that CAP37 and the S100A9-binding peptides could also directly interact with the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a known receptor for S100A9. CAP37 and one peptide partially activated TLR4. The other three peptides did not activate TLR4. Finally, we found that CAP37 and all four peptides could inhibit the activation of TLR4 by S100A9. Conclusions This study identifies a mechanism of action for CAP37 and derived antimicrobial peptides that may restrain inflammatory responses to corneal injury and favor corneal re-epithelialization.
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9
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Myeloid related protein 8/14 is a new candidate biomarker and therapeutic target for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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10
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Chen K, Fu Q, Liang S, Liu Y, Qu W, Wu Y, Wu X, Wei L, Wang Y, Xiong Y, Wang W, Wu M. Stimulator of Interferon Genes Promotes Host Resistance Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1225. [PMID: 29922287 PMCID: PMC5996077 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is the leading cause of bacterial keratitis, especially in those who wear contact lens and who are immunocompromised. Once the invading pathogens are recognized by pattern recognition receptors expressed on the innate immune cells, the innate immune response is stimulated to exert host defense function, which is the first line to fight against PA infection. As a converging point of cytosolic DNA sense signaling, stimulator of interferon genes (STING) was reported to participate in host–pathogen interaction. However, the role of STING in regulating PA-induced corneal inflammation and bacterial clearance remains unknown. Our data demonstrated that STING was activated in murine model of PA keratitis and in in vitro-cultured macrophages, indicated by Western blot, immunostaining, and flow cytometry. To explore the role of STING in PA keratitis, we used siRNA to silence STING and 2′,3′-cGAMP to activate STING in vivo and in vitro, and the in vivo data found out that STING promoted host resistance against PA infection. To investigate the reason why STING played a protective role in PA keratitis, the inflammatory cytokine secretion and bacterial load were measured by using real-time PCR and bacterial plate count, respectively. Our data demonstrated that STING suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines and enhanced bacterial elimination in murine model of PA keratitis and in PA-infected macrophages. To further investigate the mechanism beneath, the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase, the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and the bactericidal mechanism were measured by western-blot, immunofluorescence, and real-time PCR, respectively. Our data indicated that STING suppressed inflammatory cytokine expressing via restraining NF-κB activity and enhanced inducible NO synthase expression, an oxygen-dependent bactericidal mechanism. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that STING promoted host resistance against PA keratitis and played a protective role in PA-infected corneal disease, via inhibiting corneal inflammation and enhancing bacterial killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Siping Liang
- Program of Pathobiology and Immunology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiting Liu
- Program of Pathobiology and Immunology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenting Qu
- Program of Pathobiology and Immunology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjian Wu
- Program of Pathobiology and Immunology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinger Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujuan Xiong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijia Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Minhao Wu
- Program of Pathobiology and Immunology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Trøstrup H, Lerche CJ, Christophersen L, Jensen PØ, Høiby N, Moser C. Immune Modulating Topical S100A8/A9 Inhibits Growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Mitigates Biofilm Infection in Chronic Wounds. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071359. [PMID: 28672877 PMCID: PMC5535852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm maintains and perturbs local host defense, hindering timely wound healing. Previously, we showed that P. aeruginosa suppressed S100A8/A9 of the murine innate host defense. We assessed the potential antimicrobial effect of S100A8/A9 on biofilm-infected wounds in a murine model and P. aeruginosa growth in vitro. Seventy-six mice, inflicted with a full-thickness burn wound were challenged subcutaneously (s.c.) by 106 colony-forming units (CFUs) of P. aeruginosa biofilm. Mice were subsequently randomized into two treatment groups, one group receiving recombinant murine S100A8/A9 and a group of vehicle controls (phosphate-buffered saline, PBS) all treated with s.c. injections daily for up to five days. Wounds were analyzed for quantitative bacteriology and contents of key inflammatory markers. Count of blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes was included. S100A8/A9-treatment ameliorated wound infection, as evaluated by quantitative bacteriology (p ≤ 0.05). In vitro, growth of P. aeruginosa was inhibited dose-dependently by S100A8/A9 in concentrations from 5 to 40 μg/mL, as determined by optical density-measurement (OD-measurement) and quantitative bacteriology. Treatment slightly augmented key inflammatory cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), but dampened interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels and blood polymorphonuclear count. In conclusion, topical S100A8/A9 displays remarkable novel immune stimulatory and anti-infective properties in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, treatment by S100A8/A9 provides local infection control. Implications for a role as adjunctive treatment in healing of chronic biofilm-infected wounds are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Trøstrup
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Christian Johann Lerche
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lars Christophersen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Peter Østrup Jensen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Niels Høiby
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Institute for Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Claus Moser
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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12
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Wang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Li X, Lu R, Xu P, Zhang X, Dai M, Dai X, Qu J, Lu F, Chi Z. S100A8 promotes migration and infiltration of inflammatory cells in acute anterior uveitis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36140. [PMID: 27786310 PMCID: PMC5081561 DOI: 10.1038/srep36140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Uveitis, the pathologic condition of inflammation of the uvea, frequently leads to severe vision loss and blindness. S100A8 is a calcium-binding protein which mainly expresses in granulocytes and monocytes and plays a prominent role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and immune response. Here, we determined the role of S100A8-positive cells in acute anterior uveitis (AAU) and keratitis. In rat models of endotoxin (lipopolisaccharide, LPS) -induced uveitis (EIU) and keratitis, S100A8-positive granulocytes and monocytes increased significantly in the iris-ciliary body and cornea as well as in the blood. Interestingly, Glucocorticoids slightly increased S100A8 levels in leukocytes, but reduced its presence significantly in the iris-ciliary body after LPS injection. Moreover, inhibition of NF-kB activation remarkably suppressed both progression of AAU and total S100A8 levels in leukocytes and the iris-ciliary body after LPS administration. Additionally, S100A8 protein level was also found to be elevated in the serum of AAU patients parallel with the progression of AAU through the designated clinical stages. Thus, S100A8 plays a pivotal role in the processes of AAU through involvement in migration and infiltration of S100A8-positive cells. Our findings suggest that serum levels of S100A8 protein can be used to monitor inflammatory activity in AAU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Wang
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zuhui Zhang
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China
| | - Laihe Zhang
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rui Lu
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peipei Xu
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuhong Zhang
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mali Dai
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Dai
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jia Qu
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fan Lu
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zailong Chi
- Laboratory of Neurovascular Biology, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science, Ministry of Health, Wenzhou, China
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Wu Y, Li D, Wang Y, Chen K, Yang K, Huang X, Zhang Y, Wu M. Pseudomonas aeruginosa promotes autophagy to suppress macrophage-mediated bacterial eradication. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 38:214-22. [PMID: 27295610 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the role of autophagy on macrophage-mediated phagocytosis and intracellular killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), a common extracellular bacterium which often causes various opportunistic infections. METHODS Macrophages were infected with PA or stimulated with zymosan bioparticles. Autophagy was tested by fluorescent microscopy and Western blot for LC3. Phagocytosis and killing efficiency were assessed by plate count assay, flow cytometry or immunofluorescent staining. Phagocytic receptor expression, ROS generation and NO production were examined by PCR, flow cytometry and Griess reaction, respectively. RESULTS PA infection induced autophagy activation in both mouse and human macrophages. Induction of autophagy by rapamycin or starvation significantly inhibited PA internalization by downregulating phagocytosis receptor expression, and suppressed intracellular killing of PA via reducing ROS and NO production in macrophages. While knockdown of autophagy molecules ATG7 or Beclin1 enhanced macrophage-mediated phagocytosis and intracellular killing of PA. Additionally, confocal microscopy data showed that induction of autophagy reduced the number of phagosomes and phagolysosomes in macrophages after stimulation with zymosan bioparticles. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that PA promotes autophagy to suppress macrophage-mediated bacterial phagocytosis and intracellular killing. These insights demonstrated a novel immune evasion mechanism employed by PA, which may provide potential therapeutic strategies of PA infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Wu
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 243000, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Division of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan 528403, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuanqing Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Minhao Wu
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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14
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MyD88 Mediates Instructive Signaling in Dendritic Cells and Protective Inflammatory Response during Rickettsial Infection. Infect Immun 2016; 84:883-93. [PMID: 26755162 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01361-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Spotted fever group rickettsiae cause potentially life-threatening infections throughout the world. Several members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family are involved in host response to rickettsiae, and yet the mechanisms by which these TLRs mediate host immunity remain incompletely understood. In the present study, we found that host susceptibility of MyD88(-/-)mice to infection with Rickettsia conorii or Rickettsia australis was significantly greater than in wild-type (WT) mice, in association with severely impaired bacterial clearance in vivo R. australis-infected MyD88(-/-)mice showed significantly lower expression levels of gamma interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β, accompanied by significantly fewer inflammatory infiltrates of macrophages and neutrophils in infected tissues, than WT mice. The serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-6, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor were significantly reduced, while monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, macrophage inflammatory protein 1α, and RANTES were significantly increased in infected MyD88(-/-)mice compared to WT mice. Strikingly, R. australis infection was incapable of promoting increased expression of MHC-II(high)and production of IL-12p40 in MyD88(-/-)bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) compared to WT BMDCs, although costimulatory molecules were upregulated in both types of BMDCs. Furthermore, the secretion levels of IL-1β by Rickettsia-infected BMDCs and in the sera of infected mice were significantly reduced in MyD88(-/-)mice compared to WT controls, suggesting that in vitro and in vivo production of IL-1β is MyD88 dependent. Taken together, our results suggest that MyD88 signaling mediates instructive signals in DCs and secretion of IL-1β and type 1 immune cytokines, which may account for the protective inflammatory response during rickettsial infection.
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15
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Zhang J, Zhao GQ, Qu J, Che CY, Lin J, Jiang N, Zhao H, Wang XJ. Expression of S100B during the innate immune of corneal epithelium against fungi invasion. Int J Ophthalmol 2016; 9:191-7. [PMID: 26949634 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2016.02.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the expression of S100B in corneal epithelial cells under Aspergillus stimulation both in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Immortalized human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) were exposed to inactive Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) conidia at 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24h respectively. The corneas of Wistar rats were exposed to active A. fumigatus at 0, 12, 24, 48h and the normal rat corneas were used for normal control. The mRNA level of S100B was evaluated by real time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). S100B protein expression in cornea epithelium was detected by immunohistochemical/immunocytochemical staining (IHC/ICC). RESULTS Histopathology revealed a significant inflammatory cell infiltration in fungal keratitis human and rat cornea. Corneal epithelial cells didn't express or rarely express S100B at baseline. A. fumigatus significantly induced S100B mRNA expression in cultured corneal epithelial cells in a time depended manner in vitro, the mRNA began to rise significantly at 8h in vitro (P<0.05) and continue to rise as time prolonged (P<0.01). In vivo, S100B mRNA level was low in the normal corneas. However, it was increased in keratitis corneas from 12h after infection (P<0.05) and reached to a peak at 24h (P<0.001). Immunochemistry revealed an obvious staining in fungal keratitis corneas as well as immortalized HCECs compared to the normal ones respectively, indicating an increased expression of S100B protein. CONCLUSION S100B exists in corneal epithelial cells and is over-expressed under A. fumigatus stimulation. S100B may play an important role in the innate immune response of the corneal epithelium during A. fumigatus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gui-Qiu Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Qu
- Department of Administrative Management, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cheng-Ye Che
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xue-Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi 276499, Shandong Province, China
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16
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Deng Q, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Li M, Li D, Huang X, Wu Y, Pu J, Wu M. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Triggers Macrophage Autophagy To Escape Intracellular Killing by Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome. Infect Immun 2016; 84:56-66. [PMID: 26467446 PMCID: PMC4694000 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00945-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Assembly of the inflammasome has recently been identified to be a critical event in the initiation of inflammation. However, its role in bacterial killing remains unclear. Our study demonstrates that Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection induces the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the sequential secretion of caspase1 and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in human macrophages. More importantly, activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome reduces the killing of P. aeruginosa in human macrophages, without affecting the generation of antimicrobial peptides, reactive oxygen species, and nitric oxide. In addition, our results demonstrate that P. aeruginosa infection increases the amount of the LC3-II protein and triggers the formation of autophagosomes in human macrophages. The P. aeruginosa-induced autophagy was enhanced by overexpression of NLRP3, ASC, or caspase1 but was reduced by knockdown of these core molecules of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Treatment with IL-1β enhanced autophagy in human macrophages. More importantly, IL-1β decreased the macrophage-mediated killing of P. aeruginosa, whereas knockdown of ATG7 or Beclin1 restored the IL-1β-mediated suppression of bacterial killing. Collectively, our study explores a novel mechanism employed by P. aeruginosa to escape from phagocyte killing and may provide a better understanding of the interaction between P. aeruginosa and host immune cells, including macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuchan Deng
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Institute of Human Virology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Institute of Human Virology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanqing Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiyu Li
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Institute of Human Virology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Institute of Human Virology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Institute of Human Virology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjian Wu
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Institute of Human Virology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieying Pu
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Institute of Human Virology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minhao Wu
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Institute of Human Virology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Clark HL, Jhingran A, Sun Y, Vareechon C, de Jesus Carrion S, Skaar EP, Chazin WJ, Calera JA, Hohl TM, Pearlman E. Zinc and Manganese Chelation by Neutrophil S100A8/A9 (Calprotectin) Limits Extracellular Aspergillus fumigatus Hyphal Growth and Corneal Infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 196:336-44. [PMID: 26582948 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Calprotectin, a heterodimer of S100A8 and S100A9, is an abundant neutrophil protein that possesses antimicrobial activity primarily because of its ability to chelate zinc and manganese. In the current study, we showed that neutrophils from calprotectin-deficient S100A9(-/-) mice have an impaired ability to inhibit Aspergillus fumigatus hyphal growth in vitro and in infected corneas in a murine model of fungal keratitis; however, the ability to inhibit hyphal growth was restored in S100A9(-/-) mice by injecting recombinant calprotectin. Furthermore, using recombinant calprotectin with mutations in either the Zn and Mn binding sites or the Mn binding site alone, we show that both zinc and manganese binding are necessary for calprotectin's antihyphal activity. In contrast to hyphae, we found no role for neutrophil calprotectin in uptake or killing of intracellular A. fumigatus conidia either in vitro or in a murine model of pulmonary aspergillosis. We also found that an A. fumigatus ∆zafA mutant, which demonstrates deficient zinc transport, exhibits impaired growth in infected corneas and following incubation with neutrophils or calprotectin in vitro as compared with wild-type. Collectively, these studies demonstrate a novel stage-specific susceptibility of A. fumigatus to zinc and manganese chelation by neutrophil-derived calprotectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Clark
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Anupam Jhingran
- Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Chairut Vareechon
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Steven de Jesus Carrion
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Eric P Skaar
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232; Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212
| | - Walter J Chazin
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232; Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232; and
| | - José Antonio Calera
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, Centro Mixto del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas y Universidad de Salamanca, 37002 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Tobias M Hohl
- Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Eric Pearlman
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697;
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18
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Roy S, Marla S, Praneetha DC. Recognition of Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum by Toll-like receptors and up-regulation of antimicrobial peptides in human corneal epithelial cells. Virulence 2015; 6:716-21. [PMID: 26125127 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2015.1066063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial keratitis is a major cause of corneal ulcers in developing and industrialized nations. In this study, we examined the host innate immune responses to Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum, often overlooked as commensal, in human corneal epithelial cells. The expressions of innate immune mediators were determined by quantitative PCR from corneal ulcers of patients and immortalized human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC). We have found an elevated expression of Toll like receptors (TLRs) along with IL-6 and IL-1β from both ulcers and epithelial cells infected with C. pseudodiphtheriticum. Activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways were also observed in HCEC in response to C. pseudodiphtheriticum. In addition, we found a significant increase in the expression of antimicrobial peptides S100A8, S100A9 and human β-defensin 1 from both corneal ulcers and HCEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanhita Roy
- a Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Center; Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation; LV Prasad Eye Institute ; Hyderabad , India
| | - Sushma Marla
- a Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Center; Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation; LV Prasad Eye Institute ; Hyderabad , India
| | - D C Praneetha
- a Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Center; Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation; LV Prasad Eye Institute ; Hyderabad , India
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19
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Li Y, Wu S, Pu J, Huang X, Zhang P. Dengue virus up-regulates expression of notch ligands Dll1 and Dll4 through interferon-β signalling pathway. Immunology 2015; 144:127-38. [PMID: 25041739 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch signalling pathway is involved in multiple cellular processes and has been recently indicated to modulate the host immune response. However, the role of the Notch pathway in dengue virus (DENV) infection remains unknown. Our study has screened the expression profile of Notch receptors, ligands and target genes in human monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells in response to DENV infection. The real-time PCR data showed that Notch ligand Dll1 was significantly induced in DENV-infected monocytes; and receptor Notch4, ligands Dll1 and Dll4, and target Hes1 were dramatically enhanced in DENV-infected macrophages and dendritic cells. In macrophages, induction of Dll1 and Dll4 mediated by DENV2 was increased by treatment with interferon-β (IFN-β), and was impaired by neutralization of IFN-β. The DENV-induced Dll1 and Dll4 expression level was decreased by silencing key innate immune molecules, including Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), MyD88, RIG-I and IPS-I. In IFN-receptor-depleted macrophages, the Dll1 and Dll4 induction was significantly alleviated. Functionally, activation of Notch signalling by Dll1 in CD4(+) T cells enhanced the expression of a T helper type 1 (Th1) cytokine IFN-γ, while Notch activation in macrophages had no direct effect on replication of DENV. Our data revealed that the expressions of Notch ligands in antigen-presenting cells were differentially induced by DENV via innate immune signalling, which is important for Th1/Th2 differentiation during adaptive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuye Li
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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20
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MicroRNA-155 induction by Mycobacterium bovis BCG enhances ROS production through targeting SHIP1. Mol Immunol 2014; 62:29-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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21
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Wang J, Huang C, Wu M, Zhong Q, Yang K, Li M, Zhan X, Wen J, Zhou L, Huang X. MRP8/14 induces autophagy to eliminate intracellular Mycobacterium bovis BCG. J Infect 2014; 70:415-26. [PMID: 25312864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2014.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of myeloid-related protein 8/14 in mycobacterial infection. METHODS The mRNA and protein expression levels of MRP8 or MRP14 were measured by real-time PCR and flow cytometry, respectively. Role of MRP8/14 was tested by overexpression or RNA interference assays. Flow cytometry and colony forming unit were used to test the phagocytosis and the survival of intracellular Mycobacterium bovis BCG (BCG), respectively. Autophagy mediated by MRP8/14 was detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence. The colocalization of BCG phagosomes with autophagosomes or lysosomes was by detected by confocal microscopy. ROS production was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS MRP8/14 expressions were up-regulated in human monocytic THP1 cells and primary macrophages after mycobacterial challenge. Silencing of MRP8/14 suppressed bacterial killing, but had no influence on the phagocytosis of BCG. Importantly, silencing MRP8/14 decreased autophagy and BCG phagosome maturation in THP1-derived macrophages, thereby increasing the BCG survival. Additionally, we demonstrated that MRP8/14 promoted autophagy in a ROS-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed a novel role of MRP8/14 in the autophagy-mediated elimination of intracellular BCG by promoting ROS generation, which may provide a promising therapeutic target for tuberculosis and other intracellular bacterial infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinli Wang
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First Municipal People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Chunyu Huang
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen 518045, China
| | - Minhao Wu
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qiu Zhong
- Center for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhan
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jinsheng Wen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Center for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Xi Huang
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Tuberculosis Control, Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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Zaidi T, Zaidi T, Cywes-Bentley C, Lu R, Priebe GP, Pier GB. Microbiota-driven immune cellular maturation is essential for antibody-mediated adaptive immunity to Staphylococcus aureus infection in the eye. Infect Immun 2014; 82:3483-91. [PMID: 24914214 PMCID: PMC4136232 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01951-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As an immune-privileged site, the eye, and particularly the outer corneal surface, lacks resident mature immune effector cells. Physical barriers and innate mediators are the best-described effectors of immunity in the cornea. When the barriers are breached, infection can result in rapid tissue destruction, leading to loss of visual acuity and frank blindness. To determine the cellular and molecular components needed for effective adaptive immunity on the corneal surface, we investigated which immune system effectors were required for protection against Staphylococcus aureus corneal infections in mice, which are a serious cause of human eye infections. Both systemically injected and topically applied antibodies to the conserved cell surface polysaccharide poly-N-acetylglucosamine (PNAG) were effective at mediating reductions in corneal pathology and bacterial levels. Additional host factors impacting protection included intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1)-dependent polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) recruitment, functional CD4(+) T cells, signaling via the interleukin-17 (IL-17) receptor, and IL-22 production. In germfree mice, there was no protective efficacy of antibody to PNAG due to the lack of LY6G(+) inflammatory cell coeffector recruitment to the cornea. Protection was manifest after 3 weeks of exposure to conventional mice and acquisition of a resident microbiota. We conclude that in the anterior eye, ICAM-1-mediated PMN recruitment to the infected cornea along with endogenous microbiota-matured CD4(+) T cells producing both IL-17 and IL-22 is required for antibody to PNAG to protect against S. aureus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanweer Zaidi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tauqeer Zaidi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Colette Cywes-Bentley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Roger Lu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gregory P Priebe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Divisions of Critical Care Medicine (Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine) and Infectious Diseases (Department of Medicine), Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gerald B Pier
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Zhu M, Li D, Wu Y, Huang X, Wu M. TREM-2 promotes macrophage-mediated eradication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa via a PI3K/Akt pathway. Scand J Immunol 2014; 79:187-96. [PMID: 24383713 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM-2) is a cell surface receptor abundantly expressed on myeloid lineage cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells. It is reported that TREM-2 functions as an inflammatory inhibitor in macrophages and dendritic cells. However, the role of TREM-2 in bacterial killing remains unclear. This study explored the role of TREM-2 in bacterial eradication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), a Gram-negative bacterium which causes various opportunistic infections. Phagocytosis assay assessed by flow cytometry suggested that TREM-2 was not involved in the uptake of PA by macrophages, while bacterial plate count data showed that TREM-2 was required for macrophage-mediated intracellular killing of PA. Moreover, our results demonstrated that TREM-2 promoted macrophage killing by enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS), but not nitric oxygen (NO) production. Treatment with N-acetylcysteine, a ROS scavenger, diminished the TREM-2-mediated intracellular killing of PA. To further investigate the underlined mechanisms of TREM-2-promoted bacterial killing, we examined the activation of downstream mitogen-activated protein kinases and PI3K/Akt pathway. Western blot data showed that silencing of TREM-2 inhibited phosphorylation of Akt, but not ERK, JNK or P38. In addition, pretreatment with PI3K active product PIP3 DiC16 reversed the elevation of intracellular bacterial load in TREM-2-silenced macrophages, while PI3K inhibitor wortmannin restored the decline of bacterial load in TREM-2-overexpressed macrophages. These data together suggested that the TREM-2-mediated bacterial killing is dependent on the activation of PI3K/Akt signalling, which may provide a better understanding of the host antibacterial immune defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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S100A Proteins as Molecular Targets in the Ocular Surface Inflammatory Diseases. Ocul Surf 2014; 12:23-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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