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Song T, Hui W, Huang M, Guo Y, Yu M, Yang X, Liu Y, Chen X. Dynamic Changes in Ion Channels during Myocardial Infarction and Therapeutic Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6467. [PMID: 38928173 PMCID: PMC11203447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In different areas of the heart, action potential waveforms differ due to differences in the expressions of sodium, calcium, and potassium channels. One of the characteristics of myocardial infarction (MI) is an imbalance in oxygen supply and demand, leading to ion imbalance. After MI, the regulation and expression levels of K+, Ca2+, and Na+ ion channels in cardiomyocytes are altered, which affects the regularity of cardiac rhythm and leads to myocardial injury. Myocardial fibroblasts are the main effector cells in the process of MI repair. The ion channels of myocardial fibroblasts play an important role in the process of MI. At the same time, a large number of ion channels are expressed in immune cells, which play an important role by regulating the in- and outflow of ions to complete intracellular signal transduction. Ion channels are widely distributed in a variety of cells and are attractive targets for drug development. This article reviews the changes in different ion channels after MI and the therapeutic drugs for these channels. We analyze the complex molecular mechanisms behind myocardial ion channel regulation and the challenges in ion channel drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Song
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wenting Hui
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Meiyi Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (T.S.); (W.H.); (M.H.); (Y.G.); (M.Y.); (X.Y.); (Y.L.)
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Djamgoz MBA. Ranolazine: a potential anti-metastatic drug targeting voltage-gated sodium channels. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:1415-1419. [PMID: 38424164 PMCID: PMC11058819 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02622-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multi-faceted evidence from a range of cancers suggests strongly that de novo expression of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) plays a significant role in driving cancer cell invasiveness. Under hypoxic conditions, common to growing tumours, VGSCs develop a persistent current (INaP) which can be blocked selectively by ranolazine. METHODS Several different carcinomas were examined. We used data from a range of experimental approaches relating to cellular invasiveness and metastasis. These were supplemented by survival data mined from cancer patients. RESULTS In vitro, ranolazine inhibited invasiveness of cancer cells especially under hypoxia. In vivo, ranolazine suppressed the metastatic abilities of breast and prostate cancers and melanoma. These data were supported by a major retrospective epidemiological study on breast, colon and prostate cancer patients. This showed that risk of dying from cancer was reduced by ca.60% among those taking ranolazine, even if this started 4 years after the diagnosis. Ranolazine was also shown to reduce the adverse effects of chemotherapy on heart and brain. Furthermore, its anti-cancer effectiveness could be boosted by co-administration with other drugs. CONCLUSIONS Ranolazine, alone or in combination with appropriate therapies, could be reformulated as a safe anti-metastatic drug offering many potential advantages over current systemic treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa B A Djamgoz
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Cyprus International University, Haspolat, Nicosia, TRNC, Mersin, 10, Türkiye.
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3
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Li J, Ma ZY, Cui YF, Cui YT, Dong XH, Wang YZ, Fu YY, Xue YD, Tong TT, Ding YZ, Zhu YM, Huang HJ, Zhao L, Lv HZ, Xiong LZ, Zhang K, Han YX, Ban T, Huo R. Cardiac-specific deletion of BRG1 ameliorates ventricular arrhythmia in mice with myocardial infarction. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:517-530. [PMID: 37880339 PMCID: PMC10834533 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01170-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant ventricular arrhythmia (VA) after myocardial infarction (MI) is mainly caused by myocardial electrophysiological remodeling. Brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1) is an ATPase catalytic subunit that belongs to a family of chromatin remodeling complexes called Switch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable Chromatin (SWI/SNF). BRG1 has been reported as a molecular chaperone, interacting with various transcription factors or proteins to regulate transcription in cardiac diseases. In this study, we investigated the potential role of BRG1 in ion channel remodeling and VA after ischemic infarction. Myocardial infarction (MI) mice were established by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, and electrocardiogram (ECG) was monitored. Epicardial conduction of MI mouse heart was characterized in Langendorff-perfused hearts using epicardial optical voltage mapping. Patch-clamping analysis was conducted in single ventricular cardiomyocytes isolated from the mice. We showed that BRG1 expression in the border zone was progressively increased in the first week following MI. Cardiac-specific deletion of BRG1 by tail vein injection of AAV9-BRG1-shRNA significantly ameliorated susceptibility to electrical-induced VA and shortened QTc intervals in MI mice. BRG1 knockdown significantly enhanced conduction velocity (CV) and reversed the prolonged action potential duration in MI mouse heart. Moreover, BRG1 knockdown improved the decreased densities of Na+ current (INa) and transient outward potassium current (Ito), as well as the expression of Nav1.5 and Kv4.3 in the border zone of MI mouse hearts and in hypoxia-treated neonatal mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes. We revealed that MI increased the binding among BRG1, T-cell factor 4 (TCF4) and β-catenin, forming a transcription complex, which suppressed the transcription activity of SCN5A and KCND3, thereby influencing the incidence of VA post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zi-Yue Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yun-Feng Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ying-Tao Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xian-Hui Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yong-Zhen Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yu-Yang Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ya-Dong Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ting-Ting Tong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ying-Zi Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ya-Mei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hai-Jun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hong-Zhao Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ling-Zhao Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Han
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Tao Ban
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China.
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Rong Huo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Zhao Y, Xiong W, Li C, Zhao R, Lu H, Song S, Zhou Y, Hu Y, Shi B, Ge J. Hypoxia-induced signaling in the cardiovascular system: pathogenesis and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:431. [PMID: 37981648 PMCID: PMC10658171 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01652-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, characterized by reduced oxygen concentration, is a significant stressor that affects the survival of aerobic species and plays a prominent role in cardiovascular diseases. From the research history and milestone events related to hypoxia in cardiovascular development and diseases, The "hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) switch" can be observed from both temporal and spatial perspectives, encompassing the occurrence and progression of hypoxia (gradual decline in oxygen concentration), the acute and chronic manifestations of hypoxia, and the geographical characteristics of hypoxia (natural selection at high altitudes). Furthermore, hypoxia signaling pathways are associated with natural rhythms, such as diurnal and hibernation processes. In addition to innate factors and natural selection, it has been found that epigenetics, as a postnatal factor, profoundly influences the hypoxic response and progression within the cardiovascular system. Within this intricate process, interactions between different tissues and organs within the cardiovascular system and other systems in the context of hypoxia signaling pathways have been established. Thus, it is the time to summarize and to construct a multi-level regulatory framework of hypoxia signaling and mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases for developing more therapeutic targets and make reasonable advancements in clinical research, including FDA-approved drugs and ongoing clinical trials, to guide future clinical practice in the field of hypoxia signaling in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Weidong Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chaofu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ranzun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuai Song
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yiqing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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5
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Liu M, Kang GJ, Dudley SC. Targeting PERK to treat arrhythmias. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:583. [PMID: 37277278 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Man Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Gyeoung-Jin Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Samuel C Dudley
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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6
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Hu Y, Lu H, Li H, Ge J. Molecular basis and clinical implications of HIFs in cardiovascular diseases. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:916-938. [PMID: 36208988 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen maintains the homeostasis of an organism in a delicate balance in different tissues and organs. Under hypoxic conditions, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are specific and dominant factors in the spatiotemporal regulation of oxygen homeostasis. As the most basic functional unit of the heart at the cellular level, the cardiomyocyte relies on oxygen and nutrients delivered by the microvasculature to keep the heart functioning properly. Under hypoxic stress, HIFs are involved in acute and chronic myocardial pathology because of their spatiotemporal specificity, thus granting them therapeutic potential. Most adult animals lack the ability to regenerate their myocardium entirely following injury, and complete regeneration has long been a goal of clinical treatment for heart failure. The precise manipulation of HIFs (considering their dynamic balance and transformation) and the development of HIF-targeted drugs is therefore an extremely attractive cardioprotective therapy for protecting against myocardial ischemic and hypoxic injury, avoiding myocardial remodeling and heart failure, and promoting recovery of cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China; National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Liu M, Kang GJ, Dudley SC. Preventing unfolded protein response-induced ion channel dysregulation to treat arrhythmias. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:443-451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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8
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Yang D, Deschênes I, Fu JD. Multilayer control of cardiac electrophysiology by microRNAs. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 166:107-115. [PMID: 35247375 PMCID: PMC9035102 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The electrophysiological properties of the heart include cardiac automaticity, excitation (i.e., depolarization and repolarization of action potential) of individual cardiomyocytes, and highly coordinated electrical propagation through the whole heart. An abnormality in any of these properties can cause arrhythmias. MicroRNAs (miRs) have been recognized as essential regulators of gene expression through the conventional RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism and are involved in a variety of biological events. Recent evidence has demonstrated that miRs regulate the electrophysiology of the heart through fine regulation by the conventional RNAi mechanism of the expression of ion channels, transporters, intracellular Ca2+-handling proteins, and other relevant factors. Recently, a direct interaction between miRs and ion channels has also been reported in the heart, revealing a biophysical modulation by miRs of cardiac electrophysiology. These advanced discoveries suggest that miR controls cardiac electrophysiology through two distinct mechanisms: immediate action through biophysical modulation and long-term conventional RNAi regulation. Here, we review the recent research progress and summarize the current understanding of how miR manipulates the function of ion channels to maintain the homeostasis of cardiac electrophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Yang
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, 333 W. 10(th) Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Isabelle Deschênes
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, 333 W. 10(th) Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ji-Dong Fu
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, 333 W. 10(th) Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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9
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Voelz C, Ebrahimy N, Zhao W, Habib P, Zendedel A, Pufe T, Beyer C, Slowik A. Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia Leads to miRNA Alterations in Different Brain Regions, Blood Serum, Liver, and Spleen. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010161. [PMID: 35008586 PMCID: PMC8745086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is characterized by an occlusion of a cerebral blood vessel resulting in neuronal cell death due to nutritional and oxygen deficiency. Additionally, post-ischemic cell death is augmented after reperfusion. These events are paralleled by dysregulated miRNA expression profiles in the peri-infarct area. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanism in the peri-infarct region is crucial for developing promising therapeutics. Utilizing a tMCAo (transient Middle Cerebral Artery occlusion) model in rats, we studied the expression levels of the miRNAs (miR) 223-3p, 155-5p, 3473, and 448-5p in the cortex, amygdala, thalamus, and hippocampus of both the ipsi- and contralateral hemispheres. Additionally, the levels in the blood serum, spleen, and liver and the expression of their target genes, namely, Nlrp3, Socs1, Socs3, and Vegfa, were assessed. We observed an increase in all miRNAs on the ipsilateral side of the cerebral cortex in a time-dependent manner and increased miRNAs levels (miR-223-3p, miR-3473, and miR-448-5p) in the contralateral hemisphere after 72 h. Besides the cerebral cortex, the amygdala presented increased expression levels, whereas the thalamus and hippocampus showed no alterations. Different levels of the investigated miRNAs were detected in blood serum, liver, and spleen. The gene targets were altered not only in the peri-infarct area of the cortex but selectively increased in the investigated non-affected brain regions along with the spleen and liver during the reperfusion time up to 72 h. Our results suggest a supra-regional influence of miRNAs following ischemic stroke, which should be studied to further identify whether miRNAs are transported or locally upregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Voelz
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.V.); (N.E.); (W.Z.); (A.Z.); (C.B.)
| | - Nahal Ebrahimy
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.V.); (N.E.); (W.Z.); (A.Z.); (C.B.)
| | - Weiyi Zhao
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.V.); (N.E.); (W.Z.); (A.Z.); (C.B.)
| | - Pardes Habib
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- JARA-BRAIN Institute of Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Adib Zendedel
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.V.); (N.E.); (W.Z.); (A.Z.); (C.B.)
| | - Thomas Pufe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Cordian Beyer
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.V.); (N.E.); (W.Z.); (A.Z.); (C.B.)
| | - Alexander Slowik
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)241-80-89112
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10
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Jiang N, Zhou A, Imran H, Shi G, Kaseer B, Siu V, Chu AF, Donaldson DM, Kirk MM, Philips BB, Dudley SC. Cardiac Resynchronization and Circulating Markers of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Handling and Sudden Death Risk. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2021; 7:1079-1083. [PMID: 34454876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) can improve heart function and decrease arrhythmic events. We tested whether CRT altered circulating markers of calcium handling and sudden death risk. Circulating cardiac sodium channel messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing variants indicate arrhythmic risk, and a reduction in sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium adenosine triphosphatase 2a (SERCA2a) is thought to diminish contractility in heart failure. CRT was associated with a decreased proportion of circulating, nonfunctional sodium channels and improved SERCA2a mRNA expression. Patients without CRT did not have improvement in the biomarkers. These changes might explain the lower arrhythmic risk and improved contractility associated with CRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jiang
- Lifespan Cardiovascular Institute, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Anyu Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Hafiz Imran
- Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Guangbin Shi
- Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Bahaa Kaseer
- Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Vincent Siu
- Cardiology Division, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Antony F Chu
- Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - David M Donaldson
- Department of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Malcolm M Kirk
- Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Binu B Philips
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Samuel C Dudley
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
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11
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Network Pharmacology-Based Systematic Analysis of Molecular Mechanisms of Dingji Fumai Decoction for Ventricular Arrhythmia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5535480. [PMID: 34046076 PMCID: PMC8128550 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5535480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Dingji Fumai Decoction (DFD), a traditional herbal mixture, has been widely used to ventricular arrhythmia (VA) in clinical practice in China. However, research on the bioactive components and underlying mechanisms of DFD in VA is still scarce. Methods Components of DFD were collected from TCMSP, ETCM, and literature. The chemical structures of each component were obtained from PubChem. Next, SwissADME and SwissTargetPrediction were applied for compounds screening and targets prediction of DFD; meanwhile, targets of VA were collected from DrugBank and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM). Then, the H-C-T-D network and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were constructed based on the data obtained above. CytoNCA was utilized to filter hub genes and VarElect was used to analyze the relationship between genes and diseases. At last, Metascape was employed for systematic analysis on the potential targets of herbals against VA, and AutoDock was applied for molecular docking to verify the results. Results A total of 434 components were collected, 168 of which were qualified, and there were 28 shared targets between DFD and VA. Three function modules of DFD were found from the PPI network. Further systematic analysis of shared genes and function modules explained the potential mechanism of DFD in the treatment of VA; molecular docking has verified the interactions. Conclusions DFD could be employed for VA through mechanisms, including complex interactions between related components and targets, as predicted by network pharmacology and molecular docking. This work confirmed that DFD could apply to the treatment of VA and promoted the explanation of DFD for VA in the molecular mechanisms.
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You T, Luo C, Zhang K, Zhang H. Electrophysiological Mechanisms Underlying T-Wave Alternans and Their Role in Arrhythmogenesis. Front Physiol 2021; 12:614946. [PMID: 33746768 PMCID: PMC7969788 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.614946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
T-wave alternans (TWA) reflects every-other-beat alterations in the morphology of the electrocardiogram ST segment or T wave in the setting of a constant heart rate, hence, in the absence of heart rate variability. It is believed to be associated with the dispersion of repolarization and has been used as a non-invasive marker for predicting the risk of malignant cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death as numerous studies have shown. This review aims to provide up-to-date review on both experimental and simulation studies in elucidating possible mechanisms underlying the genesis of TWA at the cellular level, as well as the genesis of spatially concordant/discordant alternans at the tissue level, and their transition to cardiac arrhythmia. Recent progress and future perspectives in antiarrhythmic therapies associated with TWA are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting You
- Key Lab of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Cunjin Luo
- School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Zhang
- School of Medicine, Imperial College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Henggui Zhang
- Key Lab of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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