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Biffo S, Ruggero D, Santoro MM. The crosstalk between metabolism and translation. Cell Metab 2024; 36:1945-1962. [PMID: 39232280 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Metabolism and mRNA translation represent critical steps involved in modulating gene expression and cellular physiology. Being the most energy-consuming process in the cell, mRNA translation is strictly linked to cellular metabolism and in synchrony with it. Indeed, several mRNAs for metabolic pathways are regulated at the translational level, resulting in translation being a coordinator of metabolism. On the other hand, there is a growing appreciation for how metabolism impacts several aspects of RNA biology. For example, metabolic pathways and metabolites directly control the selectivity and efficiency of the translational machinery, as well as post-transcriptional modifications of RNA to fine-tune protein synthesis. Consistently, alterations in the intricate interplay between translational control and cellular metabolism have emerged as a critical axis underlying human diseases. A better understanding of such events will foresee innovative therapeutic strategies in human disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Biffo
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics and Biosciences Department, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Davide Ruggero
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Massimo Mattia Santoro
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Cancer Metabolism, Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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2
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D’Andrea G, Deroma G, Miluzio A, Biffo S. The Paradox of Ribosomal Insufficiency Coupled with Increased Cancer: Shifting the Perspective from the Cancer Cell to the Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2392. [PMID: 39001453 PMCID: PMC11240629 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Ribosomopathies are defined as inherited diseases in which ribosomal factors are mutated. In general, they present multiorgan symptoms. In spite of the fact that in cellular models, ribosomal insufficiency leads to a reduced rate of oncogenic transformation, patients affected by ribosomopathies present a paradoxical increase in cancer incidence. Several hypotheses that explain this paradox have been formulated, mostly on the assumption that altered ribosomes in a stem cell induce compensatory changes that lead to a cancer cell. For instance, the lack of a specific ribosomal protein can lead to the generation of an abnormal ribosome, an oncoribosome, that itself leads to altered translation and increased tumorigenesis. Alternatively, the presence of ribosomal stress may induce compensatory proliferation that in turns selects the loss of tumor suppressors such as p53. However, modern views on cancer have shifted the focus from the cancer cell to the tumor microenvironment. In particular, it is evident that human lymphocytes are able to eliminate mutant cells and contribute to the maintenance of cancer-free tissues. Indeed, many tumors develop in conditions of reduced immune surveillance. In this review, we summarize the current evidence and attempt to explain cancer and ribosomopathies from the perspective of the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo D’Andrea
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics, INGM Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.D.); (G.D.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Deroma
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics, INGM Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.D.); (G.D.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Annarita Miluzio
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics, INGM Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.D.); (G.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Stefano Biffo
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics, INGM Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, 20122 Milan, Italy; (G.D.); (G.D.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
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3
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Vicente JJ, Khan K, Tillinghast G, McFaline-Figueroa JL, Sancak Y, Stella N. The microtubule targeting agent ST-401 triggers cell death in interphase and prevents the formation of polyploid giant cancer cells. J Transl Med 2024; 22:441. [PMID: 38730481 PMCID: PMC11084142 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05234-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Microtubule targeting agents (MTAs) are commonly prescribed to treat cancers and predominantly kill cancer cells in mitosis. Significantly, some MTA-treated cancer cells escape death in mitosis, exit mitosis and become malignant polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCC). Considering the low number of cancer cells undergoing mitosis in tumor tissues, killing them in interphase may represent a favored antitumor approach. We discovered that ST-401, a mild inhibitor of microtubule (MT) assembly, preferentially kills cancer cells in interphase as opposed to mitosis, a cell death mechanism that avoids the development of PGCC. Single cell RNA sequencing identified mRNA transcripts regulated by ST-401, including mRNAs involved in ribosome and mitochondrial functions. Accordingly, ST-401 induces a transient integrated stress response, reduces energy metabolism, and promotes mitochondria fission. This cell response may underly death in interphase and avoid the development of PGCC. Considering that ST-401 is a brain-penetrant MTA, we validated these results in glioblastoma cell lines and found that ST-401 also reduces energy metabolism and promotes mitochondria fission in GBM sensitive lines. Thus, brain-penetrant mild inhibitors of MT assembly, such as ST-401, that induce death in interphase through a previously unanticipated antitumor mechanism represent a potentially transformative new class of therapeutics for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jesus Vicente
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Health Sciences Building G424, 1705 NE Pacific Str., Seattle, WA, 98195-7280, USA.
| | - Kainat Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Health Sciences Center F404A, 1959 NE Pacific Str., Seattle, WA, 98195-7280, USA
| | - Grant Tillinghast
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10025, USA
| | | | - Yasemin Sancak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Health Sciences Center F404A, 1959 NE Pacific Str., Seattle, WA, 98195-7280, USA
| | - Nephi Stella
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Health Sciences Center F404A, 1959 NE Pacific Str., Seattle, WA, 98195-7280, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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4
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Vicente JJ, Khan K, Tillinghast G, McFaline-Figueroa JL, Sancak Y, Stella N. Mitosis exit followed by death in interphase prevents the development of polyploid giant cancer cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.31.555795. [PMID: 37693393 PMCID: PMC10491223 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.31.555795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Microtubule targeting agents ( MTAs ) are commonly prescribed to treat cancers and predominantly kill cancer cells in mitosis. Significantly, some MTA-treated cancer cells can escape death in mitosis and exit mitosis, and become malignant polyploid giant cancer cells ( PGCC ). Considering the low number of malignant cells undergoing mitosis in tumor tissue, killing these cells in interphase may represent a favored antitumor approach. We discovered that ST-401, a mild inhibitor of microtubule assembly, preferentially kills cancer cells in interphase as opposed to mitosis, and avoids the development of PGCC. Single cell RNA sequencing identified mRNA transcripts regulated by ST-401, including mRNAs involved in ribosome and mitochondrial functions. Accordingly, ST-401 induces an integrated stress response and promotes mitochondria fission accompanied by a reduction in energy metabolism. This cell response may underly death in interphase and avoid the development of PGCC.
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5
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Hamm DC, Paatela EM, Bennett SR, Wong CJ, Campbell AE, Wladyka CL, Smith AA, Jagannathan S, Hsieh AC, Tapscott SJ. The transcription factor DUX4 orchestrates translational reprogramming by broadly suppressing translation efficiency and promoting expression of DUX4-induced mRNAs. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002317. [PMID: 37747887 PMCID: PMC10553841 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Translational control is critical for cell fate transitions during development, lineage specification, and tumorigenesis. Here, we show that the transcription factor double homeobox protein 4 (DUX4), and its previously characterized transcriptional program, broadly regulates translation to change the cellular proteome. DUX4 is a key regulator of zygotic genome activation in human embryos, whereas misexpression of DUX4 causes facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) and is associated with MHC-I suppression and immune evasion in cancer. We report that translation initiation and elongation factors are disrupted downstream of DUX4 expression in human myoblasts. Genome-wide translation profiling identified mRNAs susceptible to DUX4-induced translation inhibition, including those encoding antigen presentation factors and muscle lineage proteins, while DUX4-induced mRNAs were robustly translated. Endogenous expression of DUX4 in human FSHD myotubes and cancer cell lines also correlated with reduced protein synthesis and MHC-I presentation. Our findings reveal that DUX4 orchestrates cell state conversion by suppressing the cellular proteome while maintaining translation of DUX4-induced mRNAs to promote an early developmental program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle C. Hamm
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington State, United States of America
| | - Ellen M. Paatela
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington State, United States of America
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington State, United States of America
| | - Sean R. Bennett
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington State, United States of America
| | - Chao-Jen Wong
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington State, United States of America
| | - Amy E. Campbell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Cynthia L. Wladyka
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington State, United States of America
| | - Andrew A. Smith
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington State, United States of America
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington State, United States of America
| | - Sujatha Jagannathan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
- RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Andrew C. Hsieh
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington State, United States of America
- Departments of Medicine and Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington State, United States of America
| | - Stephen J. Tapscott
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington State, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington State, United States of America
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington State, United States of America
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6
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Jana S, Brahma S, Arora S, Wladyka CL, Hoang P, Blinka S, Hough R, Horn JL, Liu Y, Wang LJ, Depeille P, Smith E, Montgomery RB, Lee JK, Haffner MC, Vakar-Lopez F, Grivas P, Wright JL, Lam HM, Black PC, Roose JP, Ryazanov AG, Subramaniam AR, Henikoff S, Hsieh AC. Transcriptional-translational conflict is a barrier to cellular transformation and cancer progression. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:853-870.e13. [PMID: 37084735 PMCID: PMC10208629 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
We uncover a tumor-suppressive process in urothelium called transcriptional-translational conflict caused by deregulation of the central chromatin remodeling component ARID1A. Loss of Arid1a triggers an increase in a nexus of pro-proliferation transcripts, but a simultaneous inhibition of the eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2), which results in tumor suppression. Resolution of this conflict through enhancing translation elongation speed enables the efficient and precise synthesis of a network of poised mRNAs resulting in uncontrolled proliferation, clonogenic growth, and bladder cancer progression. We observe a similar phenomenon in patients with ARID1A-low tumors, which also exhibit increased translation elongation activity through eEF2. These findings have important clinical implications because ARID1A-deficient, but not ARID1A-proficient, tumors are sensitive to pharmacologic inhibition of protein synthesis. These discoveries reveal an oncogenic stress created by transcriptional-translational conflict and provide a unified gene expression model that unveils the importance of the crosstalk between transcription and translation in promoting cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujata Jana
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sandipan Brahma
- Basic Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sonali Arora
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Cynthia L Wladyka
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Patrick Hoang
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Steven Blinka
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Rowan Hough
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jessie L Horn
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Yuzhen Liu
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Li-Jie Wang
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Philippe Depeille
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Eric Smith
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | - John K Lee
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Michael C Haffner
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Funda Vakar-Lopez
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Petros Grivas
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jonathan L Wright
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98915, USA
| | - Hung-Ming Lam
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98915, USA
| | - Peter C Black
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jeroen P Roose
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Alexey G Ryazanov
- Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | | | - Steven Henikoff
- Basic Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Andrew C Hsieh
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98915, USA.
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7
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Kartha N, Gianopulos JE, Schrank Z, Cavender SM, Dobersch S, Kynnap BD, Wallace-Povirk A, Wladyka CL, Santana JF, Kim JC, Yu A, Bridgwater CM, Fuchs K, Dysinger S, Lampano AE, Notta F, Price DH, Hsieh AC, Hingorani SR, Kugel S. Sirtuin 6 is required for the integrated stress response and resistance to inhibition of transcriptional cyclin-dependent kinases. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabn9674. [PMID: 37134154 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn9674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is classified into two key subtypes, classical and basal, with basal PDAC predicting worse survival. Using in vitro drug assays, genetic manipulation experiments, and in vivo drug studies in human patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) of PDAC, we found that basal PDACs were uniquely sensitive to transcriptional inhibition by targeting cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) and CDK9, and this sensitivity was recapitulated in the basal subtype of breast cancer. We showed in cell lines, PDXs, and publicly available patient datasets that basal PDAC was characterized by inactivation of the integrated stress response (ISR), which leads to a higher rate of global mRNA translation. Moreover, we identified the histone deacetylase sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) as a critical regulator of a constitutively active ISR. Using expression analysis, polysome sequencing, immunofluorescence, and cycloheximide chase experiments, we found that SIRT6 regulated protein stability by binding activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) in nuclear speckles and protecting it from proteasomal degradation. In human PDAC cell lines and organoids as well as in murine PDAC genetically engineered mouse models where SIRT6 was deleted or down-regulated, we demonstrated that SIRT6 loss both defined the basal PDAC subtype and led to reduced ATF4 protein stability and a nonfunctional ISR, causing a marked vulnerability to CDK7 and CDK9 inhibitors. Thus, we have uncovered an important mechanism regulating a stress-induced transcriptional program that may be exploited with targeted therapies in particularly aggressive PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithya Kartha
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jessica E Gianopulos
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Zachary Schrank
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sarah M Cavender
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Stephanie Dobersch
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Bryan D Kynnap
- Physician Assistant Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | | | - Cynthia L Wladyka
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Juan F Santana
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jaeseung C Kim
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Angela Yu
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Kathrin Fuchs
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg 91054, Germany
| | - Sarah Dysinger
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aaron E Lampano
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Faiyaz Notta
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - David H Price
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Andrew C Hsieh
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sunil R Hingorani
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sita Kugel
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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Jin X, Qiu T, Xie J, Wei X, Wang X, Yu R, Proud C, Jiang T. Using Imidazo[2,1- b][1,3,4]thiadiazol Skeleton to Design and Synthesize Novel MNK Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:83-91. [PMID: 36655132 PMCID: PMC9841594 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting protein kinases (MNKs) phosphorylate eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and regulate the processes of cell proliferation, cell cycle, and migration and invasion of cancer cells. Selectively inhibiting the activity of MNKs could be effective in treating cancers. In this study, we report a series of novel MNK inhibitors with an imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol scaffold, from which, compound 18 inhibited the phosphorylation of eIF4E in various cancer cell lines potently. Compound 18 was more potent against MNK2 than MNK1, and decreased the levels of cyclin-B1, cyclin-D3, and MMP-3 in A549 and MDA-MB-231 cells, impaired cell growth and colony formation, arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase, and inhibited cell migration and the secretion of TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL-8 from A549 cells. It represents a starting compound to design further inhibitors that selectively target MNKs and apply in other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University
of China and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao
National Laboratory for Marine, Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Lifelong
Health Theme, South Australian Health &
Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
- Shandong
Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai
Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, China
| | - Tingting Qiu
- School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University
of China and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao
National Laboratory for Marine, Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jianling Xie
- Lifelong
Health Theme, South Australian Health &
Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Xianfeng Wei
- School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University
of China and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao
National Laboratory for Marine, Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Lifelong
Health Theme, South Australian Health &
Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
- School
of Biomedical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Rilei Yu
- School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University
of China and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao
National Laboratory for Marine, Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Christopher Proud
- Lifelong
Health Theme, South Australian Health &
Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
- School
of Biomedical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Tao Jiang
- School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University
of China and Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao
National Laboratory for Marine, Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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9
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Expression of eIF4E Gene in Glioma and Its Sensitivity to Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5413035. [PMID: 36225177 PMCID: PMC9550436 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5413035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Increased expression of eIF4E has been observed in various cancers, which makes eIF4E an attractive target of anticancer drugs. This study mainly discussed eIF4E gene expression in glioma and its sensitivity to oxidative stress (OS). Methods Relevant data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database regarding eIF4E gene expression and its prognostic significance in glioma samples were analyzed. Additionally, we measured eIF4E at mRNA and protein levels in clinical samples collected between July 2019 and September 2021, as well as glioma cell strains. U251 cells cultured in vitro were treated with OS injury induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and then transfected with si-eIF4E to determine changes in cell multiplication, invasiveness, and migration capacities as well as apoptosis rate. ELISA quantified cell malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) concentrations, and flow cytometry measured reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Results In glioma samples from the TCGA database, eIF4E showed obviously elevated levels in LGG and GBM patients, which was usually associated with adverse patient prognosis (P < 0.05). eIF4E was also upregulated in glioma cell strains than in HBE cells. In comparison with the blank control group, transfection of si-eIF4E statistically suppressed the capacity of U251 cells to proliferate, invade and migrate, and enhance apoptosis rate, while reducing SOD and GSH-Px and increasing MDA and ROS. In addition, H2O2 induced the upregulation of eIF4E in U251 cells. H2O2 + si-eIF4E exhibited reduced multiplication and number of clone cell formation, invasion, and migration of U251 cells, as well as increased apoptosis rate than H2O2 + si-NC group. Conclusions eIF4E is highly expressed in glioma. Knocking down eIF4E can effectively inhibit the capacity of U251 to proliferate, invade and migrate, and significantly increase apoptosis. In addition, eIF4E knock-down is able to lower OS reaction under H2O2 inducement and enhance U251 cells' sensitivity to OS.
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10
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Bladder Cancer Patient-derived Organoids and Avatars for Personalized Cancer Discovery. Eur Urol Focus 2022; 8:657-659. [DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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11
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Knight JRP, Vlahov N, Gay DM, Ridgway RA, Faller WJ, Proud C, Mallucci GR, von der Haar T, Smales CM, Willis AE, Sansom OJ. Rpl24Bst mutation suppresses colorectal cancer by promoting eEF2 phosphorylation via eEF2K. eLife 2021; 10:e69729. [PMID: 34895463 PMCID: PMC8668188 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased protein synthesis supports the rapid cell proliferation associated with cancer. The Rpl24Bst mutant mouse reduces the expression of the ribosomal protein RPL24 and has been used to suppress translation and limit tumorigenesis in multiple mouse models of cancer. Here, we show that Rpl24Bst also suppresses tumorigenesis and proliferation in a model of colorectal cancer (CRC) with two common patient mutations, Apc and Kras. In contrast to previous reports, Rpl24Bst mutation has no effect on ribosomal subunit abundance but suppresses translation elongation through phosphorylation of eEF2, reducing protein synthesis by 40% in tumour cells. Ablating eEF2 phosphorylation in Rpl24Bst mutant mice by inactivating its kinase, eEF2K, completely restores the rates of elongation and protein synthesis. Furthermore, eEF2K activity is required for the Rpl24Bst mutant to suppress tumorigenesis. This work demonstrates that elevation of eEF2 phosphorylation is an effective means to suppress colorectal tumorigenesis with two driver mutations. This positions translation elongation as a therapeutic target in CRC, as well as in other cancers where the Rpl24Bst mutation has a tumour suppressive effect in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- John RP Knight
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube EstateGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | - Nikola Vlahov
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube EstateGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | - David M Gay
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube EstateGlasgowUnited Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | | | | | - Christopher Proud
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia
- Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteAdelaideAustralia
| | - Giovanna R Mallucci
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Tobias von der Haar
- School of Biosciences, Division of Natural Sciences, University of KentKentUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Anne E Willis
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Owen J Sansom
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube EstateGlasgowUnited Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
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