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Pan Y, Wang Y, Xu M, Zhong M, Peng X, Zeng K, Huang X. The Roles of Innate Immune Cells in Atopic Dermatitis. J Innate Immun 2024; 16:385-396. [PMID: 39025048 PMCID: PMC11324229 DOI: 10.1159/000539534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by recurrent eczematous lesions and severe pruritus. The economic burden and time penalty caused by the relapse of AD reduce patients' life quality. SUMMARY AD has complex pathogenesis, including genetic disorders, epidermal barrier dysfunction, abnormal immune responses, microbial dysbiosis of the skin, and environmental factors. Recently, the role of innate immune cells in AD has attracted considerable attention. This review highlighted recent findings on innate immune cells in the onset and progression of AD. KEY MESSAGES Innate immune cells play essential roles in the pathogenesis of AD and enough attention should be given for treating AD from the perspective of innate immunity in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuke Pan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youyi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meinian Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meizhen Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Huang JL, Xu YH, Yang XW, Wang J, Zhu Y, Wu XB. Jiawei guomin decoction regulates the degranulation of mast cells in atopic dermatitis mice via the HIS/PAR-2 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 321:117485. [PMID: 38008276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Guomin decoction (GMD) is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in clinical practice. It has traditionally been used to treat all allergic diseases. Currently, Jiawei Guomin Decoction (JWGMD) is used to treat sensitive skin after initial therapy. Although it has a significant clinical therapeutic effect, the exact role of mast cell degranulation in treating atopic dermatitis (AD) is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY GMD and JWGMD can both treat allergic diseases, while JWGMD focuses on skin allergies. This study aims to explore the potential effect of JWGMD on the degranulation of mast cells in an AD mouse model induced by 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) and investigate the effectiveness of JWGMD in alleviating disease progression to further provide specific therapeutic targets for treating AD. MATERIALS AND METHODS The scratching times and skin lesions of model mice induced by DNFB were observed, and skin tissues were collected for subsequent measurement. Histopathological changes in the back skin of mice were observed by haematoxylin eosin (H&E) staining, Toluidine blue staining was used to detect the degranulation of mouse skin mast cells, and the relationship between the expression of histamine (HIS), mast cell tryptase (MCT) and mast cell degranulation was analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2), histamine 1 receptor (H1R), H2R, H4R and MCT proteins in AD mice was detected by Western blot (WB). Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) further confirmed the localization of PAR-2, H1R, H2R, H4R, and MCT proteins in the skin. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to determine PAR-2, H1R, H2R and H4R mRNA levels in skin lesions to further clarify the mechanism by which JWGMD amplifies mast cell degranulation in AD. In addition, a reliable ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole electrostatic field orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-QE-MS) nontargeted metabolomics analysis was performed to analyse the differences in metabolite abundance between GMD and JWGMD, and these results were used to identify the active components in JWGMD that may have antipruritic and anti-inflammatory properties and inhibit mast cell degranulation. RESULTS After intermittent stimulation with DNFB, the skin lesions showed extensive desquamation, dryness, scabbing, skin thickening, and slight bleeding. Both treatments alleviated this phenomenon and reduced the number of scratches, with JWGMD being the most effective. JWGMD can significantly reduce inflammatory cell infiltration, oedema, and some capillary neogenesis in mice and reduce the degranulation of mast cells. The ELISA results showed that JWGMD can increase the levels of MCT and HIS proteins. The WB and IFA results demonstrated that JWGMD reduced the expression levels of PAR-2, H1R, H4R, and MCT proteins in skin lesions, with protein localization mainly in the epidermal layer, while H2R protein levels were increased and mainly localized in the dermis. In addition, JWGMD downregulates the mRNA expression of PAR-2, H1R, H2R, and H4R. Interestingly, through UPLC-QE-MS nontargeted metabolomic analysis, we detected the anti-inflammatory and antiallergy active substances in JWGMD, such as methyl eugenol, dictamnine and sinapine. CONCLUSIONS JWGMD may alleviate itching through methyl syringol, dictamnine, sinapine and other substances, and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the HIS/PAR-2 pathway in AD model mice and further regulating the self-amplification of mast cell degranulation. JWGMD is a potential drug for treating AD. Therefore, it deserves continuous attention and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Li Huang
- Chengdu Integrated TCM & Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610095, China.
| | - Yi-Hua Xu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China.
| | - Xin-Wei Yang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China.
| | - Jie Wang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, China.
| | - Yu Zhu
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Xian-Bo Wu
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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Ligan C, Ma XH, Zhao SL, Zhao W. The regulatory role and mechanism of mast cells in tumor microenvironment. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:1-15. [PMID: 38323271 PMCID: PMC10839313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) have emerged as pivotal contributors to both the defensive immune response and immunomodulation. They also exhibit regulatory functions in modulating pathological processes across various allergic diseases. The impact of MC presence within tumor tissues has garnered considerable attention, yielding conflicting findings. While some studies propose that MCs within tumor tissues promote tumor initiation and progression, others advocate an opposing perspective. Notably, evidence emphasizes the dual role of MCs in cancer, both as promoters and suppressors, is crucial for optimizing cancer treatment strategies. These conflicting viewpoints have generated substantial controversy, underscoring the need for a comprehensive understanding of MC's role in tumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caryl Ligan
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin-Hua Ma
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu-Li Zhao
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Sun Y, Zhu D, Qu L, Li M, Du W, Wang M, Zhang Y, Chen G, Rao G, Yu X, Wu X, Huang F, Tong X. Inhibitory effects of catalpol on DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis and IgE-mediated mast cells reaction. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111274. [PMID: 38041954 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory cutaneous disease driven by immune dysregulation. Catalpol is an iridoids, possessing anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective activities. It can be added to food as a dietary supplement. To evaluate the effects and mechanisms of catalpol on AD, both in vitro and in vivo studies were conducted. It was found that catalpol downregulated the phosphorylation of Lyn and Syk to inhibit various downstream pathways, including intracellular Ca2+ elevation, cytokines generation, and histamine release, which ultimately controlled mast cell (MCs) degranulation. The results showed that catalpol alleviated AD-like skin lesions and MC infiltration via regulation of pro-Th2 and Th2 cytokines in vivo. Furthermore, this compound reduced the levels of IgE in AD mice and improved allergic reactions in PCA mice. The results provided that catalpol was potentially developed as a dietary supplement to improve AD and other atopic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Defen Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lu Qu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Manping Li
- Drug and Equipment Section, Qingyuan Chronic Disease Prevention Hospital, Qingyuan 511500, China
| | - Wenxia Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Mingming Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Guifang Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Gaoxiong Rao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiaoling Yu
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650599, China
| | - Xiangnong Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650021, China
| | - Feng Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Xiaoyun Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China.
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Saghazadeh A. Exploring the pharmacological versatility of ficus carica: Modulating classical immunometabolism and beyond. Pharmacol Res 2023; 198:107010. [PMID: 37995897 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The burden of metabolic disorders is alarmingly increasing globally. On the other hand, sustainability is the key project of the 21st century. Natural products offer a coherent option for the complementary management of both these challenges. Ficus carica (FC), commonly known as the fig fruit, has an experimentally proven potency for the modulation of cell cycle, immunity, inflammation, metabolism, and oxidative stress. Here, we review the potential of FC-derived products (FCDP) in slowing down the progression of cancers, acute/chronic inflammation-related conditions, infections, metabolic disorders, toxicities, neurological and neuromuscular diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, vascular diseases, and skin-stressing conditions, as well as, in boosting normal healthy functions of the endocrine, immune, metabolic, and nervous systems. It reveals a variety of cellular and molecular targets for FCDP: cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, IFN-γ), chemokines (CCL2), other inflammatory mediators (CRP, PGE2), immune receptors (TLR-2, TLR-4, FcεRI), oxidative stress-related markers (SOD, GSH, MDA, GPx, catalase, ROS, NO, protein carbonyls), kinases (MAPKs, hexokinase, G6Pase, FBPase, PEPCK, Akt, AMPK, GSK3, CDKs), other enzymes (COX-2, iNOS, MMPs, caspases), growth factors/receptors (VEGF, EGFR), hormones (DHEAS, prolactin, GnRH, FSH, LH, estradiol, DHT, insulin), cell death-related markers (Bcl-2, Bax, Bak, FasL, gasdermins, cytochrome C), glucose transporter protein (Glut4), and transcription factors (NF-κB, HNF-4α, Foxo, PGC-1α, PPAR-γ, C/EBP-α, CREB, NFATC1, STAT3). FCDP cause both activation and inhibition of AMPK, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling to confer condition-specific advantages. Such a broad-range activity might be attributed to different mechanisms of action of FCDP in modulating functions within the classical immunometabolic system, but also beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amene Saghazadeh
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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Keith YH, Egawa G, Honda T, Kabashima K. Mast cells in type 2 skin inflammation: Maintenance and function. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250359. [PMID: 36933268 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are immune cells residing in tissues and playing indispensable roles in maintaining homeostasis and inflammatory states. Skin lesions associated with atopic dermatitis (AD) and type 2 skin inflammation display an increment in MCs, which have both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects. The direct and indirect activations of skin MCs by environmental factors such as Staphylococcus aureus can instigate type 2 skin inflammation in AD with poorly understood mechanisms. Furthermore, both IgE-dependent and -independent degranulation of MCs contribute to pruritus in AD. Conversely, MCs suppress type 2 skin inflammation by promoting Treg expansion through IL-2 secretion in the spleen. Moreover, skin MCs can upregulate gene expression involved in skin barrier function, thus mitigating AD-like inflammation. These functional variances of MCs in AD could stem from differences in experimental systems, their localization, and origins. In this review, we will focus on how MCs are maintained in the skin under homeostatic and inflammatory conditions, and how they are involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Honda Keith
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Intravital Microscopy Laboratory and Gene Expression (IMAGE) Lab, Precision Immunology Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gyohei Egawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Honda
- Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
- A*Star Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
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Wang Z, Zhao X, Zhou H, Che D, Du X, Ye D, Zeng W, Geng S. Activation of ryanodine-sensitive calcium store drives pseudo-allergic dermatitis via Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 in mast cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1207249. [PMID: 37404822 PMCID: PMC10315577 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1207249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cell (MC) activation is implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple immunodysregulatory skin disorders. Activation of an IgE-independent pseudo-allergic route has been recently found to be mainly mediated via Mas-Related G protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2). Ryanodine receptor (RYR) regulates intracellular calcium liberation. Calcium mobilization is critical in the regulation of MC functional programs. However, the role of RYR in MRGPRX2-mediated pseudo-allergic skin reaction has not been fully addressed. To study the role of RYR in vivo, we established a murine skin pseudo-allergic reaction model. RYR inhibitor attenuated MRGPRX2 ligand substance P (SP)-induced vascular permeability and neutrophil recruitment. Then, we confirmed the role of RYR in an MC line (LAD2 cells) and primary human skin-derived MCs. In LAD2 cells, RYR inhibitor pretreatment dampened MC degranulation (detected by β-hexosaminidase retlease), calcium mobilization, IL-13, TNF-α, CCL-1, CCL-2 mRNA, and protein expression activated by MRGPRX2 ligands, namely, compound 48/80 (c48/80) and SP. Moreover, the inhibition effect of c48/80 by RYR inhibitor was verified in skin MCs. After the confirmation of RYR2 and RYR3 expression, the isoforms were silenced by siRNA-mediated knockdown. MRGPRX2-induced LAD2 cell exocytosis and cytokine generation were substantially inhibited by RYR3 knockdown, while RYR2 had less contribution. Collectively, our finding suggests that RYR activation contributes to MRGPRX2-triggered pseudo-allergic dermatitis, and provides a potential approach for MRGPRX2-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Weihui Zeng
- *Correspondence: Songmei Geng, ; Weihui Zeng,
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Wu W, Chen G, Zhang Z, He M, Li H, Yan F. Construction and verification of atopic dermatitis diagnostic model based on pyroptosis related biological markers using machine learning methods. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:138. [PMID: 37330465 PMCID: PMC10276470 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01552-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to construct a model used for the accurate diagnosis of Atopic dermatitis (AD) using pyroptosis related biological markers (PRBMs) through the methods of machine learning. METHOD The pyroptosis related genes (PRGs) were acquired from molecular signatures database (MSigDB). The chip data of GSE120721, GSE6012, GSE32924, and GSE153007 were downloaded from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. The data of GSE120721 and GSE6012 were combined as the training group, while the others were served as the testing groups. Subsequently, the expression of PRGs was extracted from the training group and differentially expressed analysis was conducted. CIBERSORT algorithm calculated the immune cells infiltration and differentially expressed analysis was conducted. Consistent cluster analysis divided AD patients into different modules according to the expression levels of PRGs. Then, weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) screened the key module. For the key module, we used Random forest (RF), support vector machines (SVM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), and generalized linear model (GLM) to construct diagnostic models. For the five PRBMs with the highest model importance, we built a nomogram. Finally, the results of the model were validated using GSE32924, and GSE153007 datasets. RESULTS Nine PRGs were significant differences in normal humans and AD patients. Immune cells infiltration showed that the activated CD4+ memory T cells and Dendritic cells (DCs) were significantly higher in AD patients than normal humans, while the activated natural killer (NK) cells and the resting mast cells were significantly lower in AD patients than normal humans. Consistent cluster analysis divided the expressing matrix into 2 modules. Subsequently, WGCNA analysis showed that the turquoise module had a significant difference and high correlation coefficient. Then, the machine model was constructed and the results showed that the XGB model was the optimal model. The nomogram was constructed by using HDAC1, GPALPP1, LGALS3, SLC29A1, and RWDD3 five PRBMs. Finally, the datasets GSE32924 and GSE153007 verified the reliability of this result. CONCLUSIONS The XGB model based on five PRBMs can be used for the accurate diagnosis of AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Wu
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gaofei Chen
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, China
| | - Zexin Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meixing He
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Fenggen Yan
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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C-Type Lectin Receptor Mediated Modulation of T2 Immune Responses to Allergens. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2023; 23:141-151. [PMID: 36720753 PMCID: PMC9985561 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-023-01067-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Allergic diseases represent a major health problem of increasing prevalence worldwide. In allergy, dendritic cells (DCs) contribute to both the pathophysiology and the induction of healthy immune responses to the allergens. Different studies have reported that some common allergens contain glycans in their structure. C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) expressed by DCs recognize carbohydrate structures and are crucial in allergen uptake, presentation, and polarization of T cell responses. This review summarizes the recent literature regarding the role of CLRs in the regulation of type 2 immune responses to allergens. RECENT FINDINGS In this review, we highlight the capacity of CLRs to recognize carbohydrates in common allergens triggering different signaling pathways involved in the polarization of CD4+ T cells towards specific Th2 responses. Under certain conditions, specific CLRs could also promote tolerogenic responses to allergens, which might well be exploited to develop novel therapeutic approaches of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), the single treatment with potential disease-modifying capacity for allergic disease. At this regard, polymerized allergens conjugated to non-oxidized mannan (allergoid-mannan conjugated) are next-generation vaccines targeting DCs via CLRs that promote regulatory T cells, thus favoring allergen tolerance both in preclinical models and clinical trials. A better understanding of the role of CLRs in the development of allergy and in the induction of allergen tolerance might well pave the way for the design of novel strategies for allergic diseases.
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Inhibition of Mast Cell Degranulation in Atopic Dermatitis by Celastrol through Suppressing MRGPRX2. DISEASE MARKERS 2023; 2023:9049256. [PMID: 36712922 PMCID: PMC9876689 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9049256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis is a common dermatological disease, and mast cell degranulation is believed to be related with the progression of atopic dermatitis. Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor-X2 (MRGPRX2), and calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1-2 (ORAI-1, ORAI-2) are involved in mast cell degranulation. Celastrol is an active monomer of Tripterygium wilfordii, and it presents an antiatopic role. Methods 2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) and compound 48/80 (C 48/80) were used to establish a slow and acute scratching animal model, respectively. Hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue staining was used to investigate tissue injury. Inflammatory factor concentration was measured with ELISA. The expression of MRGPRX2, ORAI-1, and ORAI-2 was detected with immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Gene expression profiling and microRNA array were performed to investigate gene differential expression. Results Celastrol greatly inhibited atopic dermatitis-related tissues injury, mast cell production, histamine release, scratching level, inflammatory factor expression, and activation of MRGPRX2/ORAI axis in the DNFB-induced atopic dermatitis model. The influence of Celastrol on atopic dermatitis was remarkably reversed by overexpression of MRGPRX2. Conclusion We found that the improvements of atopic dermatitis caused by Celastrol were reversed by treatment with MRGPRX2OE, indicating that Celastrol might affect atopic dermatitis through MRGPRX2. This study might provide a novel thought for the prevention and treatment of atopic dermatitis by regulating MRGPRX2.
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Lee CC, Tsai CH, Chen CH, Yeh YC, Chung WH, Chen CB. An updated review of the immunological mechanisms of keloid scars. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1117630. [PMID: 37033989 PMCID: PMC10075205 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1117630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloid is a type of disfiguring pathological scarring unique to human skin. The disorder is characterized by excessive collagen deposition. Immune cell infiltration is a hallmark of both normal and pathological tissue repair. However, the immunopathological mechanisms of keloid remain unclear. Recent studies have uncovered the pivotal role of both innate and adaptive immunity in modulating the aberrant behavior of keloid fibroblasts. Several novel therapeutics attempting to restore regulation of the immune microenvironment have shown variable efficacy. We review the current understanding of keloid immunopathogenesis and highlight the potential roles of immune pathway-specific therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chun Lee
- 1 Department of Medical Education, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsuan Tsai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chieh Yeh
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Program in Molecular Medicine, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Chung
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Chang Gung Allergology Consortium, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Immune-Oncology Center of Excellence, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Bing Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Chang Gung Allergology Consortium, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Immune-Oncology Center of Excellence, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chun-Bing Chen, ;
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Zhou XY, Chen K, Zhang JA. Mast cells as important regulators in the development of psoriasis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1022986. [PMID: 36405690 PMCID: PMC9669610 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1022986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory immune skin disease mediated by genetic and environmental factors. As a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, mast cells are involved in the initiation, development, and maintenance of psoriasis by interactions and communication with a variety of cells. The current review describes interactions of mast cells with T cells, Tregs, keratinocytes, adipocytes, and sensory neurons in psoriasis to emphasize the important role of mast cell-centered cell networks in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jia-An Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
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Cook-Mills JM, Emmerson LN. Epithelial barrier regulation, antigen sampling, and food allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:493-502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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