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Hinaga S, Kandeel M, Oh-Hashi K. Molecular characterization of the ER stress-inducible factor CRELD2. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:1463-1475. [PMID: 38753249 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01300-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Previously, we found by constructing various luciferase reporters that a well-conserved ATF6-binding element in the CRELD2 promoter is activated by transient ATF6 overexpression. In this study, we established ATF6-deficient and ATF4-deficient cell lines to analyze CRELD2 mRNA and protein expression together with that of other ER stress-inducible factors. Our results showed that ATF6 deficiency markedly suppressed tunicamycin (Tm)-induced expression of unglycosylated CRELD2. This reduction reflected a decrease in the CRELD2 transcription level. On the other hand, a putative ATF4-binding site in the mouse CRELD2 promoter did not respond to Tm stimulation, but ATF4 loss resulted in reductions in CRELD2 mRNA and protein expression, accompanied by a decrease in Tm-induced ATF6 expression. In contrast, transient suppression of GADD34, an ATF4 downstream factor, suppressed Tm-induced CRELD2 protein expression without a decrease in ATF6 protein expression. Furthermore, we investigated the association of CRELD2 with a well-known ERAD substrate, namely, an α1-antitripsin truncation mutant, NHK, by generating various CRELD2 and NHK constructs. Coimmunoprecipitation of these proteins was observed only when the cysteine in the CXXC motif on the N-terminal side of CRELD2 was replaced with alanine, and the interaction between the two was found to be disulfide bond-independent. Taken together, these findings indicate that CRELD2 expression is regulated by multiple factors via transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms. In addition, the N-terminal structure of CRELD2, including the CXXC motif, was suggested to play a role in the association of the target proteins. In the future, the identification and characterization of factors interacting with CRELD2 will be useful for understanding protein homeostasis under various ER stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Hinaga
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Kentaro Oh-Hashi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
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2
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Wu X, Zheng L, Reboll MR, Hyde LF, Mass E, Niessen HW, Kosanke M, Pich A, Giannitsis E, Tillmanns J, Bauersachs J, Heineke J, Wang Y, Korf-Klingebiel M, Polten F, Wollert KC. Cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2 (CRELD2) is an endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducible angiogenic growth factor promoting ischemic heart repair. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:186-202. [PMID: 39196188 PMCID: PMC11358006 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00411-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Tissue repair after myocardial infarction (MI) is guided by autocrine and paracrine-acting proteins. Deciphering these signals and their upstream triggers is essential when considering infarct healing as a therapeutic target. Here we perform a bioinformatic secretome analysis in mouse cardiac endothelial cells and identify cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2 (CRELD2), an endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducible protein with poorly characterized function. CRELD2 was abundantly expressed and secreted in the heart after MI in mice and patients. Creld2-deficient mice and wild-type mice treated with a CRELD2-neutralizing antibody showed impaired de novo microvessel formation in the infarct border zone and developed severe postinfarction heart failure. CRELD2 protein therapy, conversely, improved heart function after MI. Exposing human coronary artery endothelial cells to recombinant CRELD2 induced angiogenesis, associated with a distinct phosphoproteome signature. These findings identify CRELD2 as an angiogenic growth factor and unravel a link between endoplasmic reticulum stress and ischemic tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuekun Wu
- Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Hans Borst Center for Heart and Stem Cell Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Linqun Zheng
- Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Hans Borst Center for Heart and Stem Cell Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Marc R Reboll
- Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Hans Borst Center for Heart and Stem Cell Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lillian F Hyde
- Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Hans Borst Center for Heart and Stem Cell Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Elvira Mass
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hans W Niessen
- Department of Pathology and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maike Kosanke
- Research Core Unit Genomics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Pich
- Core Unit Proteomics and Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Jochen Tillmanns
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Joerg Heineke
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yong Wang
- Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Hans Borst Center for Heart and Stem Cell Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mortimer Korf-Klingebiel
- Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Hans Borst Center for Heart and Stem Cell Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Felix Polten
- Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Hans Borst Center for Heart and Stem Cell Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kai C Wollert
- Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Hans Borst Center for Heart and Stem Cell Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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3
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André C, Bodeau S, Kamel S, Bennis Y, Caillard P. The AKI-to-CKD Transition: The Role of Uremic Toxins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16152. [PMID: 38003343 PMCID: PMC10671582 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
After acute kidney injury (AKI), renal function continues to deteriorate in some patients. In a pro-inflammatory and profibrotic environment, the proximal tubules are subject to maladaptive repair. In the AKI-to-CKD transition, impaired recovery from AKI reduces tubular and glomerular filtration and leads to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Reduced kidney secretion capacity is characterized by the plasma accumulation of biologically active molecules, referred to as uremic toxins (UTs). These toxins have a role in the development of neurological, cardiovascular, bone, and renal complications of CKD. However, UTs might also cause CKD as well as be the consequence. Recent studies have shown that these molecules accumulate early in AKI and contribute to the establishment of this pro-inflammatory and profibrotic environment in the kidney. The objective of the present work was to review the mechanisms of UT toxicity that potentially contribute to the AKI-to-CKD transition in each renal compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille André
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Amiens Medical Center, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.B.); (Y.B.)
- GRAP Laboratory, INSERM UMR 1247, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France
| | - Sandra Bodeau
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Amiens Medical Center, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.B.); (Y.B.)
- MP3CV Laboratory, UR UPJV 7517, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Saïd Kamel
- MP3CV Laboratory, UR UPJV 7517, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.K.); (P.C.)
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Amiens Medical Center, 80000 Amiens, France
| | - Youssef Bennis
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Amiens Medical Center, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.B.); (Y.B.)
- MP3CV Laboratory, UR UPJV 7517, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Pauline Caillard
- MP3CV Laboratory, UR UPJV 7517, University of Picardy Jules Verne, 80000 Amiens, France; (S.K.); (P.C.)
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Amiens Medical Center, 80000 Amiens, France
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4
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Kim Y, Li C, Gu C, Fang Y, Tycksen E, Puri A, Pietka TA, Sivapackiam J, Kidd K, Park SJ, Johnson BG, Kmoch S, Duffield JS, Bleyer AJ, Jackrel ME, Urano F, Sharma V, Lindahl M, Chen YM. MANF stimulates autophagy and restores mitochondrial homeostasis to treat autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease in mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6493. [PMID: 37838725 PMCID: PMC10576802 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42154-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Misfolded protein aggregates may cause toxic proteinopathy, including autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease due to uromodulin mutations (ADTKD-UMOD), a leading hereditary kidney disease. There are no targeted therapies. In our generated mouse model recapitulating human ADTKD-UMOD carrying a leading UMOD mutation, we show that autophagy/mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis are impaired, leading to cGAS-STING activation and tubular injury. Moreover, we demonstrate that inducible tubular overexpression of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF), a secreted endoplasmic reticulum protein, after the onset of disease stimulates autophagy/mitophagy, clears mutant UMOD, and promotes mitochondrial biogenesis through p-AMPK enhancement, thus protecting kidney function in our ADTKD mouse model. Conversely, genetic ablation of MANF in the mutant thick ascending limb tubular cells worsens autophagy suppression and kidney fibrosis. Together, we have discovered MANF as a biotherapeutic protein and elucidated previously unknown mechanisms of MANF in the regulation of organelle homeostasis, which may have broad therapeutic applications to treat various proteinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeawon Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chuang Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chenjian Gu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yili Fang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric Tycksen
- Genome Technology Access Center, McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anuradhika Puri
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Terri A Pietka
- Nutrition and Geriatrics Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jothilingam Sivapackiam
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kendrah Kidd
- Section of Nephrology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatric and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sun-Ji Park
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bryce G Johnson
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Inflammation & Immunology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stanislav Kmoch
- Section of Nephrology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatric and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Anthony J Bleyer
- Section of Nephrology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Research Unit of Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatric and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Fumihiko Urano
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Vijay Sharma
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering & Applied Science, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Maria Lindahl
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ying Maggie Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Wu D, Huang LF, Chen XC, Huang XR, Li HY, An N, Tang JX, Liu HF, Yang C. Research progress on endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis in kidney diseases. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:473. [PMID: 37500613 PMCID: PMC10374544 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05905-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays important roles in biosynthetic and metabolic processes, including protein and lipid synthesis, Ca2+ homeostasis regulation, and subcellular organelle crosstalk. Dysregulation of ER homeostasis can cause toxic protein accumulation, lipid accumulation, and Ca2+ homeostasis disturbance, leading to cell injury and even death. Accumulating evidence indicates that the dysregulation of ER homeostasis promotes the onset and progression of kidney diseases. However, maintaining ER homeostasis through unfolded protein response, ER-associated protein degradation, autophagy or ER-phagy, and crosstalk with other organelles may be potential therapeutic strategies for kidney disorders. In this review, we summarize the recent research progress on the relationship and molecular mechanisms of ER dysfunction in kidney pathologies. In addition, the endogenous protective strategies for ER homeostasis and their potential application for kidney diseases have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Feng Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Cui Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Yuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning An
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ji-Xin Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chen Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, 524001, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
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6
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Kim Y, Li C, Gu C, Tycksen E, Puri A, Pietka TA, Sivapackiam J, Fang Y, Kidd K, Park SJ, Johnson BG, Kmoch S, Duffield JS, Bleyer AJ, Jackrel ME, Urano F, Sharma V, Lindahl M, Chen YM. MANF stimulates autophagy and restores mitochondrial homeostasis to treat toxic proteinopathy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.10.523171. [PMID: 36711449 PMCID: PMC9882049 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.10.523171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Misfolded protein aggregates may cause toxic proteinopathy, including autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease due to uromodulin mutations (ADTKD- UMOD ), one of the leading hereditary kidney diseases, and Alzheimer’s disease etc. There are no targeted therapies. ADTKD is also a genetic form of renal fibrosis and chronic kidney disease, which affects 500 million people worldwide. For the first time, in our newly generated mouse model recapitulating human ADTKD- UMOD carrying a leading UMOD deletion mutation, we show that autophagy/mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis are severely impaired, leading to cGAS- STING activation and tubular injury. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is a novel endoplasmic reticulum stress-regulated secreted protein. We provide the first study that inducible tubular overexpression of MANF after the onset of disease stimulates autophagy/mitophagy and clearance of the misfolded UMOD, and promotes mitochondrial biogenesis through p-AMPK enhancement, resulting in protection of kidney function. Conversely, genetic ablation of endogenous MANF upregulated in the mutant mouse and human tubular cells worsens autophagy suppression and kidney fibrosis. Together, we discover MANF as a novel biotherapeutic protein and elucidate previously unknown mechanisms of MANF in regulating organelle homeostasis to treat ADTKD, which may have broad therapeutic application to treat various proteinopathies.
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7
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Tang Q, Liu Q, Li Y, Mo L, He J. CRELD2, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and human diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1117414. [PMID: 36936176 PMCID: PMC10018036 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1117414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CRELD2, a member of the cysteine-rich epidermal growth factor-like domain (CRELD) protein family, is both an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident protein and a secretory factor. The expression and secretion of CRELD2 are dramatically induced by ER stress. CRELD2 is ubiquitously expressed in multiple tissues at different levels, suggesting its crucial and diverse roles in different tissues. Recent studies suggest that CRELD2 is associated with cartilage/bone metabolism homeostasis and pathological conditions involving ER stress such as chronic liver diseases, cardiovascular diseases, kidney diseases, and cancer. Herein, we first summarize ER stress and then critically review recent advances in the knowledge of the characteristics and functions of CRELD2 in various human diseases. Furthermore, we highlight challenges and present future directions to elucidate the roles of CRELD2 in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Metabolic Diseases and Pharmacotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qinhui Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Metabolic Diseases and Pharmacotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Metabolic Diseases and Pharmacotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Mo
- Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhan He
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Metabolic Diseases and Pharmacotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Jinhan He,
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Porter AW, Brodsky JL, Buck TM. Emerging links between endoplasmic reticulum stress responses and acute kidney injury. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1697-C1703. [PMID: 36280391 PMCID: PMC9722262 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00370.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
All cell types must maintain homeostasis under periods of stress. To prevent the catastrophic effects of stress, all cell types also respond to stress by inducing protective pathways. Within the cell, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is exquisitely stress-sensitive, primarily because this organelle folds, posttranslationally processes, and sorts one-third of the proteome. In the 1990s, a specialized ER stress response pathway was discovered, the unfolded protein response (UPR), which specifically protects the ER from damaged proteins and toxic chemicals. Not surprisingly, UPR-dependent responses are essential to maintain the function and viability of cells continuously exposed to stress, such as those in the kidney, which have high metabolic demands, produce myriad protein assemblies, continuously filter toxins, and synthesize ammonia. In this mini-review, we highlight recent articles that link ER stress and the UPR with acute kidney injury (AKI), a disease that arises in ∼10% of all hospitalized individuals and nearly half of all people admitted to intensive care units. We conclude with a discussion of prospects for treating AKI with emerging drugs that improve ER function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan W Porter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology Division, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Teresa M Buck
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Li Y, Zhao W, Fu R, Ma Z, Hu Y, Liu Y, Ding Z. Endoplasmic reticulum stress increases exosome biogenesis and packaging relevant to sperm maturation in response to oxidative stress in obese mice. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2022; 20:161. [PMID: 36411474 PMCID: PMC9677646 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-022-01031-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammalian sperm maturation in the epididymis is mainly modulated by exosomes that are secreted into the epididymal lumen from epididymal epithelial cells (EECs). Exposure to oxidative stress (OS) resulting from being fed a high fat diet (HFD) reduces sperm fertility, which is one of the cause inducing male infertility. Thus, we hypothesize that stress-induced changes in exosome content play a critical role in mediating this detrimental process. METHODS: An obese mouse model was established by feeding a HFD. Then oxidative stress status was measured in the mouse caput epididymis, epididymal fluid and spermatozoa. Meanwhile, epididymis-derived purified exosomes were isolated and validated. Subsequently, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to perform proteomic analysis of purified exosomes. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was performed along with pathway enrichment to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). RESULTS Two hundred and two DEPs mostly related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function were identified in the exosomes separated from the epididymis of control mice and obese mice. The ER stress and CD63 (an exosome marker), both increased in the caput epididymis of obese mice. Furthermore, an in vitro study showed that palmitic acid (PA), an-oxidative stress inducer, increased exosome biogenesis and secretion in the EECs. CONCLUSION Oxidative stress in the epididymal microenvironment induces ER stress in the EECs. This effect alters the epididymis-derived exosome content, profile and amounts of their differentially expressed ER proteins. Such changes may affect exosome biogenesis and cargo packaging, finally leading to abnormalities in sperm maturation and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Li
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzhen Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Dali University, 671000, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Core Facility of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoyao Ma
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqin Hu
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhide Ding
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.280, Chongqing Road (South), 200025, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Li C, Krothapalli S, Chen YM. Targeting Endoplasmic Reticulum for Novel Therapeutics and Monitoring in Acute Kidney Injury. Nephron Clin Pract 2022; 147:21-24. [PMID: 36116429 PMCID: PMC9928598 DOI: 10.1159/000526050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response is a conservative mechanism involving a complex network of different molecular branches to determine cell fate through specific transcription factors and downstream executors. Emerging evidence shows that ER stress is implicated in the occurrence and progression of acute kidney injury (AKI) in different animal models and human patients. However, there is still a lack of therapeutics targeting the ER in AKI. SUMMARY Several therapeutic chemicals, including a compound that induces activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) and chemical chaperones, have been developed to target the ER in the treatment of AKI. Meanwhile, ER stress-inducible secreted proteins, mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF), and cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2 (CRELD2) could serve as potential ER stress biomarkers in the early diagnosis and treatment response monitoring of human patients with AKI. KEY MESSAGES Experimental and clinical evidence suggests the critical role of ER in the pathogenesis and progression of AKI, and ER is a novel target in AKI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO, USA
| | - Siva Krothapalli
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO, USA
- Saint Louis University, St. Louis MO, USA
| | - Ying Maggie Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO, USA
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11
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Lindsly S, Jia W, Chen H, Liu S, Ronquist S, Chen C, Wen X, Stansbury C, Dotson GA, Ryan C, Rehemtulla A, Omenn GS, Wicha M, Li SC, Muir L, Rajapakse I. Functional organization of the maternal and paternal human 4D Nucleome. iScience 2021; 24:103452. [PMID: 34877507 PMCID: PMC8633971 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Every human somatic cell inherits a maternal and a paternal genome, which work together to give rise to cellular phenotypes. However, the allele-specific relationship between gene expression and genome structure through the cell cycle is largely unknown. By integrating haplotype-resolved genome-wide chromosome conformation capture, mature and nascent mRNA, and protein binding data from a B lymphoblastoid cell line, we investigate this relationship both globally and locally. We introduce the maternal and paternal 4D Nucleome, enabling detailed analysis of the mechanisms and dynamics of genome structure and gene function for diploid organisms. Our analyses find significant coordination between allelic expression biases and local genome conformation, and notably absent expression bias in universally essential cell cycle and glycolysis genes. We propose a model in which coordinated biallelic expression reflects prioritized preservation of essential gene sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Lindsly
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wenlong Jia
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Haiming Chen
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sijia Liu
- MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab, IBM Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Scott Ronquist
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Can Chen
- Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xingzhao Wen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Cooper Stansbury
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gabrielle A. Dotson
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Charles Ryan
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alnawaz Rehemtulla
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gilbert S. Omenn
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Human Genetics, and School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Max Wicha
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shuai Cheng Li
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Lindsey Muir
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Indika Rajapakse
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Corresponding author
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12
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Thankam FG, Agrawal DK. Single Cell Genomics Identifies Unique Cardioprotective Phenotype of Stem Cells derived from Epicardial Adipose Tissue under Ischemia. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:294-335. [PMID: 34661829 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10273-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The conventional management strategies of myocardial infarction (MI) are effective to sustain life; however, myocardial regeneration has not been achieved owing to the inherently poor regenerative capacity of the native myocardium. Stem cell-based therapies are promising; however, lineage specificity and undesired differentiation profile are challenging. Herein, we focused on the epicardial fat (EF) as an ideal source for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) owing to the proximity and same microvasculature with cardiac muscle. Unfortunately, the epicardial adipose tissue derived stem cells (EATDS) remain understudied regarding their phenotype heterogeneity and cardiac regeneration potential. As EF closely reflects the cardiac pathology during ischemia, the present study aims to determine the EATDS subpopulations under simulated ischemic and reperfused conditions employing single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq). EATDS were isolated from three hyperlipidemic Yucatan microswine and were divided into Control, Ischemia (ISC), and Ischemia/reperfusion (ISC/R). The scRNAseq analysis was performed using 10 genomics platform which revealed 18 unique cell clusters suggesting the existence of heterogeneous phenotypes. The upregulated genes were taken into consideration and subsequent functional assessment revealed the cardioprotective phenotypes with diverse mechanisms including epigenetic regulation (Cluster 1), myocardial homeostasis (Cluster 1), cell integrity and cell cycle (Clusters 2 and 3), prevention of fibroblast differentiation (Cluster 4), differentiation to myocardial lineage (Cluster 6), anti-inflammatory responses (Clusters 5, 8, and 11), prevention of ER-stress (Cluster 9), and increasing the energy metabolism (Cluster 10). These unique phenotypes of heterogeneous EATDS population open significant translational opportunities for myocardial regeneration and cardiac management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finosh G Thankam
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA, 91766-1854, USA.
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA, 91766-1854, USA
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13
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Sisk LJ, Patel RK, Stevens KK. A descriptive analysis of non-human leukocyte antigens present in renal transplant donor-recipient pairs. Transpl Immunol 2021; 69:101474. [PMID: 34582968 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2021.101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION End stage renal disease (ESRD) is the irreversible deterioration of renal function requiring renal replacement therapy by dialysis or transplant. Human leucocyte antigens (HLA) have been well examined however research still is required into the non-HLA antibodies. Antibody mediated rejection (AMR) can be seen in the absence of HLA antibodies on biopsies of patients who have received identical transplants; anti-endothelial cell antibodies may explain this. Investigation into endothelial cell antigens on donor and recipient endothelium may elucidate and stratify the degree of risk of any given transplant and may guide towards the best matched donor. METHODS Protein array analysis was carried out on 8 patient pairs using nitro-cellulose membranes and biotinylated detection antibodies. The fluorescence emitted was captured by X-Ray film and results were recorded with ImageJ software. A fold increase of more than 2 was considered to be positive. RESULTS 11 proteins identified had a fold increase of increase ≥2 and were present in ≥2 patient pairs which may point to potential clinical utility. Nectin2/CD112 may be measured in order analyse graft survival time in transplant recipients. Prognosticating renal failure has clinical importance and potential markers that have been identified to aid which include MEPE, CRELD2, and TIMP-4. Novel pharmacological therapies for specific biomarkers identified in this study include JAM-A, E-Selectin, CD147, Galectin-3, JAM-C, PAR-1, and TNFR2. CONCLUSION Protein analysis showed differences in expression of antigens between patients with and without Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). This information could be used at the matching stage of renal transplantation and also in the treatment of rejection episodes. The results highlight biomarkers that potentially prognosticate and pharmacological therapies that may ameliorate kidney disease and rejection in ESRD and transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis J Sisk
- University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.
| | - Rajan K Patel
- University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn K Stevens
- University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
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14
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Kern P, Balzer NR, Blank N, Cygon C, Wunderling K, Bender F, Frolov A, Sowa JP, Bonaguro L, Ulas T, Homrich M, Kiermaier E, Thiele C, Schultze JL, Canbay A, Bauer R, Mass E. Creld2 function during unfolded protein response is essential for liver metabolism homeostasis. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21939. [PMID: 34549824 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002713rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is associated with hepatic metabolic function, yet it is not well understood how endoplasmic reticulum (ER) disturbance might influence metabolic homeostasis. Here, we describe the physiological function of Cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2 (Creld2), previously characterized as a downstream target of the ER-stress signal transducer Atf6. To this end, we generated Creld2-deficient mice and induced UPR by injection of tunicamycin. Creld2 augments protein folding and creates an interlink between the UPR axes through its interaction with proteins involved in the cellular stress response. Thereby, Creld2 promotes tolerance to ER stress and recovery from acute stress. Creld2-deficiency leads to a dysregulated UPR and causes the development of hepatic steatosis during ER stress conditions. Moreover, Creld2-dependent enhancement of the UPR assists in the regulation of energy expenditure. Furthermore, we observed a sex dimorphism in human and mouse livers with only male patients showing an accumulation of CRELD2 protein during the progression from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and only male Creld2-deficient mice developing hepatic steatosis upon aging. These results reveal a Creld2 function at the intersection between UPR and metabolic homeostasis and suggest a mechanism in which chronic ER stress underlies fatty liver disease in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Kern
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Developmental Genetics & Molecular Physiology, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nora R Balzer
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nelli Blank
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cornelia Cygon
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Wunderling
- Biochemistry & Cell Biology of Lipids, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Franziska Bender
- Developmental Genetics & Molecular Physiology, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alex Frolov
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Sowa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Bonaguro
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Ulas
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mirka Homrich
- Immune and Tumor Biology, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva Kiermaier
- Immune and Tumor Biology, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Thiele
- Biochemistry & Cell Biology of Lipids, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Systems Medicine, Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Reinhard Bauer
- Developmental Genetics & Molecular Physiology, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elvira Mass
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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15
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Kim Y, Wang Z, Li C, Kidd K, Wang Y, Johnson BG, Kmoch S, Morrissey JJ, Bleyer AJ, Duffield JS, Singamaneni S, Chen YM. Ultrabright plasmonic fluor nanolabel-enabled detection of a urinary ER stress biomarker in autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 321:F236-F244. [PMID: 34251273 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00231.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD)-uromodulin (UMOD) is the most common nonpolycystic genetic kidney disease, but it remains unrecognized due to its clinical heterogeneity and lack of screening test. Moreover, the fact that the clinical feature is a poor predictor of disease outcome further highlights the need for the development of mechanistic biomarkers in ADTKD. However, low abundant urinary proteins secreted by thick ascending limb cells, where UMOD is synthesized, have posed a challenge for the detection of biomarkers in ADTKD-UMOD. In the CRISPR/Cas9-generated murine model and patients with ADTKD-UMOD, we found that immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein (BiP), an endoplasmic reticulum chaperone, was exclusively upregulated by mutant UMOD in the thick ascending limb and easily detected by Western blot analysis in the urine at an early stage of disease. However, even the most sensitive ELISA failed to detect urinary BiP in affected individuals. We therefore developed an ultrasensitive, plasmon-enhanced fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay (p-FLISA) to quantify urinary BiP concentration by harnessing the newly invented ultrabright fluorescent nanoconstruct, termed "plasmonic Fluor." p-FLISA demonstrated that urinary BiP excretion was significantly elevated in patients with ADTKD-UMOD compared with unaffected controls, which may have potential utility in risk stratification, disease activity monitoring, disease progression prediction, and guidance of endoplasmic reticulum-targeted therapies in ADTKD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD)-uromodulin (UMOD) is an underdiagnosed cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Lack of ultrasensitive bioanalytical tools has hindered the discovery of low abundant urinary biomarkers in ADTKD. Here, we developed an ultrasensitive plasmon-enhanced fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay (p-FLISA). p-FLISA demonstrated that secreted immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein is an early urinary endoplasmic reticulum stress biomarker in ADTKD-UMOD, which will be valuable in monitoring disease progression and the treatment response in ADTKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeawon Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Zheyu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Chuang Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kendrah Kidd
- Section of Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,Research Unit of Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Bryce G Johnson
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Inflammation & Immunology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Stanislav Kmoch
- Section of Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,Research Unit of Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jeremiah J Morrissey
- Division of Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Anthony J Bleyer
- Section of Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | | | - Srikanth Singamaneni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ying Maggie Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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16
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Li C, Chen YM. Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Biomarkers for Molecular Phenotyping of Rare Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2161. [PMID: 33671535 PMCID: PMC7926397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the central site for folding, post-translational modifications, and transport of secretory and membrane proteins. An imbalance between the load of misfolded proteins and the folding capacity of the ER causes ER stress and an unfolded protein response. Emerging evidence has shown that ER stress or the derangement of ER proteostasis contributes to the development and progression of a variety of glomerular and tubular diseases. This review gives a comprehensive summary of studies that have elucidated the role of the three ER stress signaling pathways, including inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) signaling in the pathogenesis of kidney disease. In addition, we highlight the recent discovery of ER-associated biomarkers, including MANF, ERdj3, ERdj4, CRELD2, PDIA3, and angiogenin. The implementation of these novel biomarkers may accelerate early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention in rare kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ying Maggie Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
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17
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Lasić V, Kosović I, Jurić M, Racetin A, Čurčić J, Šolić I, Lozić M, Filipović N, Šoljić V, Martinović V, Saraga-Babić M, Vukojević K. GREB1L, CRELD2 and ITGA10 expression in the human developmental and postnatal kidneys: an immunohistochemical study. Acta Histochem 2021; 123:151679. [PMID: 33460985 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aim of our study is to provide an insight into the genetic expression landscape of GREB1L, ITGA10 and CRELD2 which are important in human genitourinary tract development which might help elucidate the critical stages for the onset of kidney anomalies. METHODS Morphological parameters were analyzed using immunohistochemistry on human foetal (13-38 w) and postnatal (1.5 and 7.5y) human kidney samples. RESULTS GREB1L marker had a strong intensity and the highest rate in proximal tubules (PTC) of 1.5 years' kidney (90.25%). In the distal tubules (DCT) there were statistically significant differences in 13 w, 15 w, 16 w, 21 w, 38 w and 7.5y regarding 1.5y (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.001). There was significantly more GREB1L in the glomeruli at 21 w and 38 w in regard to all other stages (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.01). ITGA10 staining intensity was strongest in PCT with the highest rate in 13 w (92.75%), while the lowest rate was found in glomeruli and DCT (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.001). CRELD2 had the strongest staining intensity in PCT with the highest rate in 13 w and 1.5y (92.25%) and lowest in the glomeruli of 7.5 years (24.3 %). In DCT there were statistically significant differences in CRELD2 positive cells in 13 w, 15 w, 16 w, 21 w, 38 w and 7.5y regarding 1.5y (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.01). ITGA10 and CRELD2 co-localised in the postnatal period in DCT. CONCLUSION High kidney expressions of GREB1L, ITGA10 and CRELD2 even in the postnatal period implicate their importance not only for the onset of CAKUT in the case of their mutation but also for maintenance of kidney homeostasis.
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18
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Dvela-Levitt M, Shaw JL, Greka A. A Rare Kidney Disease To Cure Them All? Towards Mechanism-Based Therapies for Proteinopathies. Trends Mol Med 2020; 27:394-409. [PMID: 33341352 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney diseases (ADTKDs) are a group of rare genetic diseases that lead to kidney failure. Mutations in the MUC1 gene cause ADTKD-MUC1 (MUC1 kidney disease, MKD), a disorder with no available therapies. Recent studies have identified the molecular and cellular mechanisms that drive MKD disease pathogenesis. Armed with patient-derived cell lines and pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived kidney organoids, it was found that MKD is a toxic proteinopathy caused by the intracellular accumulation of misfolded MUC1 protein in the early secretory pathway. We discuss the advantages of studying rare monogenic kidney diseases, describe effective patient-derived model systems, and highlight recent mechanistic insights into protein quality control that have implications for additional proteinopathies beyond rare kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moran Dvela-Levitt
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jillian L Shaw
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anna Greka
- The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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19
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Dennis EP, Edwards SM, Jackson RM, Hartley CL, Tsompani D, Capulli M, Teti A, Boot-Handford RP, Young DA, Piróg KA, Briggs MD. CRELD2 Is a Novel LRP1 Chaperone That Regulates Noncanonical WNT Signaling in Skeletal Development. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:1452-1469. [PMID: 32181934 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cysteine-rich with epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains 2 (CRELD2) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident chaperone highly activated under ER stress in conditions such as chondrodysplasias; however, its role in healthy skeletal development is unknown. We show for the first time that cartilage-specific deletion of Creld2 results in disrupted endochondral ossification and short limbed dwarfism, whereas deletion of Creld2 in bone results in osteopenia, with a low bone density and altered trabecular architecture. Our study provides the first evidence that CRELD2 promotes the differentiation and maturation of skeletal cells by modulating noncanonical WNT4 signaling regulated by p38 MAPK. Furthermore, we show that CRELD2 is a novel chaperone for the receptor low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), promoting its transport to the cell surface, and that LRP1 directly regulates WNT4 expression in chondrocytes through TGF-β1 signaling. Therefore, our data provide a novel link between an ER-resident chaperone and the essential WNT signaling pathways active during skeletal differentiation that could be applicable in other WNT-responsive tissues. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by American Society for Bone and Mineral Research..
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella P Dennis
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sarah M Edwards
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Robert M Jackson
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Claire L Hartley
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Dimitra Tsompani
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mattia Capulli
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Anna Teti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - David A Young
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Katarzyna A Piróg
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Michael D Briggs
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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20
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Tousson-Abouelazm N, Papillon J, Guillemette J, Cybulsky AV. Urinary ERdj3 and mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neutrophic factor identify endoplasmic reticulum stress in glomerular disease. J Transl Med 2020; 100:945-958. [PMID: 32203149 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-0416-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various glomerular diseases. ERdj3 (DNAJB11) and mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) are ER chaperones lacking the KDEL motif, and may be secreted extracellularly. Since podocytes reside in the urinary space, we examined if podocyte injury is associated with secretion of KDEL-free ER chaperones from these cells into the urine, and if chaperones in the urine reflect ER stress in glomerulonephritis. In cultured podocytes, ER stress increased ERdj3 and MANF intracellularly and in culture medium, whereas GRP94 (KDEL chaperone) increased only intracellularly. ERdj3 and MANF secretion was blocked by the secretory trafficking inhibitor, brefeldin A. Urinary ERdj3 and MANF increased in rats injected with tunicamycin (in the absence of proteinuria). After induction of passive Heymann nephritis (PHN) and puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis (PAN), there was an increase in glomerular ER stress, and appearance of ERdj3 and MANF in the urine, coinciding with the onset of proteinuria. Rats with PHN were treated with the chemical chaperone, 4-phenyl butyrate (PBA), starting at the time of disease induction, or after disease was established. In both protocols, 4-PBA reduced proteinuria and urinary ER chaperone secretion, compared with PHN rats treated with saline (control). In conclusion, urinary ERdj3 and MANF reflect glomerular ER stress. 4-PBA protected against complement-mediated podocyte injury and the therapeutic response could be monitored by urinary ERdj3 and MANF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihad Tousson-Abouelazm
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Joan Papillon
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Guillemette
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrey V Cybulsky
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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21
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Wang X, Balaji S, Steen EH, Blum AJ, Li H, Chan CK, Manson SR, Lu TC, Rae MM, Austin PF, Wight TN, Bollyky PL, Cheng J, Keswani SG. High-molecular weight hyaluronan attenuates tubulointerstitial scarring in kidney injury. JCI Insight 2020; 5:136345. [PMID: 32396531 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.136345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis features exaggerated inflammation, extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, and peritubular capillary loss. We previously showed that IL-10 stimulates high-molecular weight hyaluronan (HMW-HA) expression by fibroblasts, and we hypothesize that HMW-HA attenuates renal fibrosis by reducing inflammation and ECM remodeling. We studied the effects of IL-10 overexpression on HA production and scarring in mouse models of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) to investigate whether IL-10 antifibrotic effects are HA dependent. C57BL/6J mice were fed with the HA synthesis inhibitor, 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU), before UUO. We observed that in vivo injury increased intratubular spaces, ECM deposition, and HA expression at day 7 and onward. IL-10 overexpression reduced renal fibrosis in both models, promoted HMW-HA synthesis and stability in UUO, and regulated cell proliferation in I/R. 4-MU inhibited IL-10-driven antifibrotic effects, indicating that HMW-HA is necessary for cytokine-mediated reduction of fibrosis. We also found that IL-10 induces in vitro HMW-HA production by renal fibroblasts via STAT3-dependent upregulation of HA synthase 2. We propose that IL-10-induced HMW-HA synthesis plays cytoprotective and antifibrotic roles in kidney injury, thereby revealing an effective strategy to attenuate renal fibrosis in obstructive and ischemic pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wang
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Swathi Balaji
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Emily H Steen
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Alexander J Blum
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Christina K Chan
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Scott R Manson
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Thomas C Lu
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Meredith M Rae
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Paul F Austin
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Thomas N Wight
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Paul L Bollyky
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jizhong Cheng
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sundeep G Keswani
- Laboratory for Regenerative Tissue Repair, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital/Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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22
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The cellular prion protein is a stress protein secreted by renal tubular cells and a urinary marker of kidney injury. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:243. [PMID: 32303684 PMCID: PMC7165184 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress underlies the pathogenesis of numerous kidney diseases. A better care of patients with kidney disease involves the identification and validation of ER stress biomarkers in the early stages of kidney disease. For the first time to our knowledge, we demonstrate that the prion protein PrPC is secreted in a conventional manner by ER-stressed renal epithelial cell under the control of the transcription factor x-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) and can serve as a sensitive urinary biomarker for detecting tubular ER stress. Urinary PrPC elevation occurs in patients with chronic kidney disease. In addition, in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, detectable urine levels of PrPC significantly increase after cardiopulmonary bypass, a condition associated with activation of the IRE1-XBP1 pathway in the kidney. In conclusion, our study has identified PrPC as a novel urinary ER stress biomarker with potential utility in early diagnosis of ongoing acute or chronic kidney injury.
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23
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Funk SD, Bayer RH, McKee KK, Okada K, Nishimune H, Yurchenco PD, Miner JH. A deletion in the N-terminal polymerizing domain of laminin β2 is a new mouse model of chronic nephrotic syndrome. Kidney Int 2020; 98:133-146. [PMID: 32456966 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The importance of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) in glomerular filtration is underscored by the manifestations of Alport and Pierson syndromes, caused by defects in type IV collagen α3α4α5 and the laminin β2 chain, respectively. Lamb2 null mice, which model the most severe form of Pierson syndrome, exhibit proteinuria prior to podocyte foot process effacement and are therefore useful for studying GBM permselectivity. We hypothesize that some LAMB2 missense mutations that cause mild forms of Pierson syndrome induce GBM destabilization with delayed effects on podocytes. While generating a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated analogue of a human LAMB2 missense mutation in mice, we identified a 44-amino acid deletion (LAMB2-Del44) within the laminin N-terminal domain, a domain mediating laminin polymerization. Laminin heterotrimers containing LAMB2-Del44 exhibited a 90% reduction in polymerization in vitro that was partially rescued by type IV collagen and nidogen. Del44 mice showed albuminuria at 1.8-6.0 g/g creatinine (ACR) at one to two months, plateauing at an average 200 g/g ACR at 3.7 months, when GBM thickening and hallmarks of nephrotic syndrome were first observed. Despite the massive albuminuria, some Del44 mice survived for up to 15 months. Blood urea nitrogen was modestly elevated at seven-nine months. Eight to nine-month-old Del44 mice exhibited glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. Similar to Lamb2-/- mice, proteinuria preceded foot process effacement. Foot processes were widened but not effaced at one-two months despite the high ACRs. At three months some individual foot processes were still observed amid widespread effacement. Thus, our chronic model of nephrotic syndrome may prove useful to study filtration mechanisms, long-term proteinuria with preserved kidney function, and to test therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D Funk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Raymond H Bayer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Karen K McKee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Kazushi Okada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Hiroshi Nishimune
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Peter D Yurchenco
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Miner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
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24
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Chun J, Wang M, Wilkins MS, Knob AU, Benjamin A, Bu L, Pollak MR. Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease-Uromodulin Misclassified as Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis or Hereditary Glomerular Disease. Kidney Int Rep 2020; 5:519-529. [PMID: 32274456 PMCID: PMC7136358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a histopathologically defined kidney lesion. FSGS can be observed with various underlying causes, including highly penetrant monogenic renal disease. We recently identified pathogenic variants of UMOD, a gene encoding the tubular protein uromodulin, in 8 families with suspected glomerular disease. Methods To validate pathogenic variants of UMOD, we reviewed the clinical and pathology reports of members of 8 families identified to have variants of UMOD. Clinical, laboratory, and pathologic data were collected, and genetic confirmation for UMOD was performed by Sanger sequencing. Results Biopsy-proven cases of FSGS were verified in 21% (7 of 34) of patients with UMOD variants. The UMOD variants seen in 7 families were mutations previously reported in autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease-uromodulin (ADTKD-UMOD). For one family with 3 generations affected, we identified p.R79G in a noncanonical transcript variant of UMOD co-segregating with disease. Consistent with ADTKD, most patients in our study presented with autosomal dominant inheritance, subnephrotic range proteinuria, minimal hematuria, and renal impairment. Kidney biopsies showed histologic features of glomerular injury consistent with secondary FSGS, including focal sclerosis and partial podocyte foot process effacement. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that with the use of standard clinical testing and kidney biopsy, clinicians were unable to make the diagnosis of ADTKD-UMOD; patients were often labeled with a clinical diagnosis of FSGS. We show that genetic testing can establish the diagnosis of ADTKD-UMOD with secondary FSGS. Genetic testing in individuals with FSGS histology should not be limited to genes that directly impair podocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Chun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Minxian Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Medical and Population Genetics Program of the Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maris S Wilkins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrea U Knob
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ava Benjamin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lihong Bu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Martin R Pollak
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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25
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Abstract
Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD) is a recently defined entity that includes rare kidney diseases characterized by tubular damage and interstitial fibrosis in the absence of glomerular lesions, with inescapable progression to end-stage renal disease. These diseases have long been neglected and under-recognized, in part due to confusing and inconsistent terminology. The introduction of a gene-based, unifying terminology led to the identification of an increasing number of cases, with recent data suggesting that ADTKD is one of the more common monogenic kidney diseases after autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, accounting for ~5% of monogenic disorders causing chronic kidney disease. ADTKD is caused by mutations in at least five different genes, including UMOD, MUC1, REN, HNF1B and, more rarely, SEC61A1. These genes encode various proteins with renal and extra-renal functions. The mundane clinical characteristics and lack of appreciation of family history often result in a failure to diagnose ADTKD. This Primer highlights the different types of ADTKD and discusses the distinct genetic and clinical features as well as the underlying mechanisms.
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26
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress and monogenic kidney diseases in precision nephrology. Pediatr Nephrol 2019; 34:1493-1500. [PMID: 30099615 PMCID: PMC6370526 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-018-4031-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in recent years has led to a rapid discovery of novel or rare genetic variants in human kidney cell genes, which is transforming the risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of kidney disease. Mutations may lead to protein misfolding, disruption of protein trafficking, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention. An imbalance between the load of misfolded proteins and the folding capacity of the ER causes ER stress and unfolded protein response. Mutations in nephrin (NPHS1), podocin (NPHS2), laminin β2 (LAMB2), and α-actinin-4 (ACTN4) have been shown to induce ER stress in HEK293 cells and podocytes in hereditary nephrotic syndromes; various founder mutations in collagen IV α chains (COL4A) have been demonstrated to activate podocyte ER stress in collagen IV nephropathies; and mutations in uromodulin (UMOD) have been reported to trigger tubular ER stress in autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease. Meanwhile, ER resident protein SEC63 may modify disease severity in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. These findings underscore the importance of ER stress in the pathogenesis of monogenic kidney disease. Recently, we have identified mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) and cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2 (CRELD2) as urinary ER stress biomarkers in ER stress-mediated kidney diseases.
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27
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Chen MF, Chang CH, Yang LY, Hsieh PH, Shih HN, Ueng SWN, Chang Y. Synovial fluid interleukin-16, interleukin-18, and CRELD2 as novel biomarkers of prosthetic joint infections. Bone Joint Res 2019; 8:179-188. [PMID: 31069072 PMCID: PMC6498892 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.84.bjr-2018-0291.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) diagnosis is a major challenge in orthopaedics, and no reliable parameters have been established for accurate, preoperative predictions in the differential diagnosis of aseptic loosening or PJI. This study surveyed factors in synovial fluid (SF) for improving PJI diagnosis. Methods We enrolled 48 patients (including 39 PJI and nine aseptic loosening cases) who required knee/hip revision surgery between January 2016 and December 2017. The PJI diagnosis was established according to the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria. SF was used to survey factors by protein array and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to compare protein expression patterns in SF among three groups (aseptic loosening and first- and second-stage surgery). We compared routine clinical test data, such as C-reactive protein level and leucocyte number, with potential biomarker data to assess the diagnostic ability for PJI within the same patient groups. Results Cut-off values of 1473 pg/ml, 359 pg/ml, and 8.45 pg/ml were established for interleukin (IL)-16, IL-18, and cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2 (CRELD2), respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that these factors exhibited an accuracy of 1 as predictors of PJI. These factors represent potential biomarkers for decisions associated with prosthesis reimplantation based on their ability to return to baseline values following the completion of debridement. Conclusion IL-16, IL-18, and CRELD2 were found to be potential biomarkers for PJI diagnosis, with SF tests outperforming blood tests in accuracy. These factors could be useful for assessing successful debridement based on their ability to return to baseline values following the completion of debridement.Cite this article: M-F. Chen, C-H. Chang, L-Y. Yang, P-H. Hsieh, H-N. Shih, S. W. N. Ueng, Y. Chang. Synovial fluid interleukin-16, interleukin-18, and CRELD2 as novel biomarkers of prosthetic joint infections. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:179-188. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.84.BJR-2018-0291.R1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-F Chen
- Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - C-H Chang
- Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - L-Y Yang
- Biostatistics Unit, Clinical Trial Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - P-H Hsieh
- Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - H-N Shih
- Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - S W N Ueng
- Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Y Chang
- Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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28
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Oh-Hashi K, Fujimura K, Norisada J, Hirata Y. Expression analysis and functional characterization of the mouse cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12236. [PMID: 30111858 PMCID: PMC6093884 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously identified a novel endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-inducible protein, namely, cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2 (CRELD2), which is predominantly regulated by ATF6. However, few studies on intrinsic CRELD2 have been published. In the present study, we elucidated the expression of intrinsic CRELD2 in mouse tissues and ER stress- treated Neuro2a cells. Among nine tissues we tested, CRELD2 protein in the heart and skeletal muscles was negligible. CRELD2 expression in Neuro2a cells was induced at the late phase after treatment with tunicamycin (Tm) compared with rapid induction of growth arrest and DNA damage inducible gene 153 (GADD153). On the other hand, another ER stress inducer, thapsigargin, increased the intrinsic CRELD2 secretion from Neuro2a cells. We furthermore established CRELD2-deficient Neuro2a cells to evaluate their features. In combination with the NanoLuc complementary reporter system, which was designed to detect protein-protein interaction in living cells, CRELD2 interacted with not only CRELD2 itself but also with ER localizing proteins in Neuro2a cells. Finally, we investigated the responsiveness of CRELD2-deficient cells against Tm-treatment and found that CRELD2 deficiency did not affect the expression of genes triggered by three canonical ER stress sensors but rendered Neuro2a cells vulnerable to Tm-stimulation. Taken together, these findings provide the novel molecular features of CRELD2, and its further characterization would give new insights into understanding the ER homeostasis and ER stress-induced cellular dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Oh-Hashi
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan. .,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Keito Fujimura
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Junpei Norisada
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yoko Hirata
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
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29
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Gallazzini M, Pallet N. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and kidney dysfunction. Biol Cell 2018; 110:205-216. [DOI: 10.1111/boc.201800019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Gallazzini
- INSERM U1151 - CNRS UMR 8253; Institut Necker Enfants Malades; Paris France
- INSERM U1147; Centre Universitaire des Saints Pères; Paris France
| | - Nicolas Pallet
- INSERM U1151 - CNRS UMR 8253; Institut Necker Enfants Malades; Paris France
- INSERM U1147; Centre Universitaire des Saints Pères; Paris France
- Université Paris Descartes; Paris France
- Service de Néphrologie; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; Paris
- Service de Biochimie; Hôpital Européen Gorges Pompidou; Paris France
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30
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Yan M, Shu S, Chunyuan G, Tang C, Dong Z. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in ischemic and nephrotoxic acute kidney injury. Ann Med 2018; 50:381-390. [PMID: 29895209 PMCID: PMC6333465 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2018.1489142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a medical condition characterized by kidney damage with a rapid decline of renal function, which is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Recent research has further established an intimate relationship between AKI and chronic kidney disease. Perturbations of kidney cells in AKI result in the accumulation of unfolded and misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), leading to unfolded protein response (UPR) or ER stress. In this review, we analyze the role and regulation of ER stress in AKI triggered by renal ischemia-reperfusion and cisplatin nephrotoxicity. The balance between the two major components of UPR, the adaptive pathway and the apoptotic pathway, plays a critical role in determining the cell fate in ER stress. The adaptive pathway is evoked to attenuate translation, induce chaperones, maintain protein homeostasis and promote cell survival. Prolonged ER stress activates the apoptotic pathway, resulting in the elimination of dysfunctional cells. Therefore, regulating ER stress in kidney cells may provide a therapeutic target in AKI. KEY MESSAGES Perturbations of kidney cells in acute kidney injury result in the accumulation of unfolded and misfolded proteins in ER, leading to unfolded protein response (UPR) or ER stress. The balance between the adaptive pathway and the apoptotic pathway of UPR plays a critical role in determining the cell fate in ER stress. Modulation of ER stress in kidney cells may provide a therapeutic strategy for acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjuan Yan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Nephrology, The First people’s Hospital of Changde City, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Shaoqun Shu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guo Chunyuan
- Department of Nephrology, The First people’s Hospital of Changde City, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Chengyuan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, U.S.A
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