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Liao T, Shi L, He C, Liu D, Wei Y, Ma Z, Wang P, Mao J, Wu P. Suppression of NUPR1 in fibroblast-like synoviocytes reduces synovial fibrosis via the Smad3 pathway. J Transl Med 2024; 22:715. [PMID: 39090667 PMCID: PMC11295884 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05540-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synovial fibrosis is a common complication of knee osteoarthritis (KOA), a pathological process characterized by myofibroblast activation and excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are implicated in KOA pathogenesis, contributing to synovial fibrosis through diverse mechanisms. Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) is a recently identified transcription factor with crucial roles in various fibrotic diseases. However, its molecular determinants in KOA synovial fibrosis remain unknown. This study aims to investigate the role of NUPR1 in KOA synovial fibrosis through in vivo and in vitro experiments. METHODS We examined NUPR1 expression in the murine synovium and determined the impact of NUPR1 on synovial fibrosis by knockdown models in the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM)-induced KOA mouse model. TGF-β was employed to induce fibrotic response and myofibroblast activation in mouse FLSs, and the role and molecular mechanisms in synovial fibrosis were evaluated under conditions of NUPR1 downexpression. Additionally, the pharmacological effect of NUPR1 inhibitor in synovial fibrosis was assessed using a surgically induced mouse KOA model. RESULTS We found that NUPR1 expression increased in the murine synovium after DMM surgical operation. The adeno-associated virus (AAV)-NUPR1 shRNA promoted NUPR1 deficiency, attenuating synovial fibrosis, inhibiting synovial hyperplasia, and significantly reducing the expression of pro-fibrotic molecules. Moreover, the lentivirus-mediated NUPR1 deficiency alleviated synoviocyte proliferation and inhibited fibroblast to myofibroblast transition. It also decreased the expression of fibrosis markers α-SMA, COL1A1, CTGF, Vimentin and promoted the activation of the SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3) pathway. Importantly, trifluoperazine (TFP), a NUPR1 inhibitor, attenuated synovial fibrosis in DMM mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that NUPR1 is an antifibrotic modulator in KOA, and its effect on anti-synovial fibrosis is partially mediated by SMAD3 signaling. This study reveals a promising target for developing novel antifibrotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyang Liao
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenglong He
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Deren Liu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yibao Wei
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenyuan Ma
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peimin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Mao
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine/Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Jin X, Jin W, Tong L, Zhao J, Zhang L, Lin N. Therapeutic strategies of targeting non-apoptotic regulated cell death (RCD) with small-molecule compounds in cancer. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:2815-2853. [PMID: 39027232 PMCID: PMC11252466 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death (RCD) is a controlled form of cell death orchestrated by one or more cascading signaling pathways, making it amenable to pharmacological intervention. RCD subroutines can be categorized as apoptotic or non-apoptotic and play essential roles in maintaining homeostasis, facilitating development, and modulating immunity. Accumulating evidence has recently revealed that RCD evasion is frequently the primary cause of tumor survival. Several non-apoptotic RCD subroutines have garnered attention as promising cancer therapies due to their ability to induce tumor regression and prevent relapse, comparable to apoptosis. Moreover, they offer potential solutions for overcoming the acquired resistance of tumors toward apoptotic drugs. With an increasing understanding of the underlying mechanisms governing these non-apoptotic RCD subroutines, a growing number of small-molecule compounds targeting single or multiple pathways have been discovered, providing novel strategies for current cancer therapy. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the current regulatory mechanisms of the emerging non-apoptotic RCD subroutines, mainly including autophagy-dependent cell death, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, disulfidptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, alkaliptosis, oxeiptosis, parthanatos, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT)-driven necrosis, entotic cell death, NETotic cell death, lysosome-dependent cell death, and immunogenic cell death (ICD). Furthermore, we focused on discussing the pharmacological regulatory mechanisms of related small-molecule compounds. In brief, these insightful findings may provide valuable guidance for investigating individual or collaborative targeting approaches towards different RCD subroutines, ultimately driving the discovery of novel small-molecule compounds that target RCD and significantly enhance future cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Department of Ultrasound, Department of Medical Oncology and Department of Hematology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Wenke Jin
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Linlin Tong
- Department of Ultrasound, Department of Medical Oncology and Department of Hematology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, Department of Medical Oncology and Department of Hematology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Na Lin
- Department of Ultrasound, Department of Medical Oncology and Department of Hematology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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3
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Yu Q, Wang Z, Tu Y, Cao Y, Zhu H, Shao J, Zhuang R, Zhou Y, Zhang J. Proteasome activation: A novel strategy for targeting undruggable intrinsically disordered proteins. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107217. [PMID: 38368657 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are characterized by their inability to adopt well-defined tertiary structures under physiological conditions. Nonetheless, they often play pivotal roles in the progression of various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and cardiovascular ailments. Owing to their inherent dynamism, conventional drug design approaches based on structural considerations encounter substantial challenges when applied to IDPs. Consequently, the pursuit of therapeutic interventions directed towards IDPs presents a complex endeavor. While there are indeed existing methodologies for targeting IDPs, they are encumbered by noteworthy constrains. Hence, there exists an imminent imperative to investigate more efficacious and universally applicable strategies for modulating IDPs. Here, we present an overview of the latest advancements in the research pertaining to IDPs, along with the indirect regulation approach involving the modulation of IDP degradation through proteasome. By comprehending these advancements in research, novel insights can be generated to facilitate the development of new drugs targeted at addressing the accumulation of IDPs in diverse pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang Province, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang Province, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yutong Tu
- The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huajian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang Province, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiaan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang Province, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Rangxiao Zhuang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Yubo Zhou
- The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jiankang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang Province, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Santofimia-Castaño P, Fraunhoffer N, Liu X, Bessone IF, di Magliano MP, Audebert S, Camoin L, Estaras M, Brenière M, Modesti M, Lomberk G, Urrutia R, Soubeyran P, Neira JL, Iovanna J. Targeting NUPR1-dependent stress granules formation to induce synthetic lethality in Kras G12D-driven tumors. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:475-505. [PMID: 38360999 PMCID: PMC10940650 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00032-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
We find that NUPR1, a stress-associated intrinsically disordered protein, induced droplet formation via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). NUPR1-driven LLPS was crucial for the creation of NUPR1-dependent stress granules (SGs) in pancreatic cancer cells since genetic or pharmacological inhibition by ZZW-115 of NUPR1 activity impeded SGs formation. The KrasG12D mutation induced oncogenic stress, NUPR1 overexpression, and promoted SGs development. Notably, enforced NUPR1 expression induced SGs formation independently of mutated KrasG12D. Mechanistically, KrasG12D expression strengthened sensitivity to NUPR1 inactivation, inducing cell death, activating caspase 3 and releasing LDH. Remarkably, ZZW-115-mediated SG-formation inhibition hampered the development of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanINs) in Pdx1-cre;LSL-KrasG12D (KC) mice. ZZW-115-treatment of KC mice triggered caspase 3 activation, DNA fragmentation, and formation of the apoptotic bodies, leading to cell death, specifically in KrasG12D-expressing cells. We further demonstrated that, in developed PanINs, short-term ZZW-115 treatment prevented NUPR1-associated SGs presence. Lastly, a four-week ZZW-115 treatment significantly reduced the number and size of PanINs in KC mice. This study proposes that targeting NUPR1-dependent SGs formation could be a therapeutic approach to induce cell death in KrasG12D-dependent tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Santofimia-Castaño
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France.
| | - Nicolas Fraunhoffer
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Xi Liu
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Ivan Fernandez Bessone
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France
| | | | - Stephane Audebert
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Luc Camoin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Matias Estaras
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Manon Brenière
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Mauro Modesti
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Gwen Lomberk
- Division of Research, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Raul Urrutia
- Genomic Science and Precision Medicine Center (GSPMC), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Philippe Soubeyran
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Jose Luis Neira
- IDIBE, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Edificio Torregaitán, Avda. del Ferrocarril s/n, 03202, Elche, Alicante, Spain
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juan Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France.
- Equipe Labellisée La Ligue, 2022, Marseille, France.
- Hospital de Alta Complejidad El Cruce, Florencio Varela, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- University Arturo Jauretche, Florencio Varela, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Zhou J, Guo D, Xu ZZ, Liao JS, Li XT, Duan K, Chen SY, Xie WB. Nupr1-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype transformation involved in methamphetamine induces pulmonary hypertension. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:13. [PMID: 38347241 PMCID: PMC10861617 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09849-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Nuclear protein 1 (Nupr1) is a multifunctional stress-induced protein involved in the regulation of tumorigenesis, apoptosis, and autophagy. However, its role in pulmonary hypertension (PH) after METH exposure remains unexplored. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether METH can induce PH and describe the role and mechanism of Nupr1 in the development of PH. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice were made to induce pulmonary hypertension (PH) upon chronic intermittent treatment with METH. Their right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) was measured to assess pulmonary artery pressure. Pulmonary artery morphometry was determined by H&E staining and Masson staining. Nupr1 expression and function were detected in human lungs, mice lungs exposed to METH, and cultured pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) with METH treatment. Our results showed that chronic intermittent METH treatment successfully induced PH in mice. Nupr1 expression was increased in the cultured PASMCs, pulmonary arterial media from METH-exposed mice, and METH-ingested human specimens compared with control. Elevated Nupr1 expression promoted PASMC phenotype change from contractile to synthetic, which triggered pulmonary artery remodeling and resulted in PH formation. Mechanistically, Nupr1 mediated the opening of store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) by activating the expression of STIM1, thereby promoting Ca2+ influx and inducing phenotypic conversion of PASMCs. CONCLUSIONS Nupr1 activation could promote Ca2+ influx through STIM1-mediated SOCE opening, which promoted METH-induced pulmonary artery remodeling and led to PH formation. These results suggested that Nupr1 played an important role in METH-induced PH and might be a potential target for METH-related PH therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Xu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Shun Liao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ting Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Duan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Surgery, Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Wei-Bing Xie
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.
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Zafar S, Fatima SI, Schmitz M, Zerr I. Current Technologies Unraveling the Significance of Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs) as Crucial Players in Neurodegeneration. Biomolecules 2024; 14:118. [PMID: 38254718 PMCID: PMC10813409 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease, are identified and characterized by the progressive loss of neurons and neuronal dysfunction, resulting in cognitive and motor impairment. Recent research has shown the importance of PTMs, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation, nitration, truncation, O-GlcNAcylation, and hydroxylation, in the progression of neurodegenerative disorders. PTMs can alter protein structure and function, affecting protein stability, localization, interactions, and enzymatic activity. Aberrant PTMs can lead to protein misfolding and aggregation, impaired degradation, and clearance, and ultimately, to neuronal dysfunction and death. The main objective of this review is to provide an overview of the PTMs involved in neurodegeneration, their underlying mechanisms, methods to isolate PTMs, and the potential therapeutic targets for these disorders. The PTMs discussed in this article include tau phosphorylation, α-synuclein and Huntingtin ubiquitination, histone acetylation and methylation, and RNA modifications. Understanding the role of PTMs in neurodegenerative diseases may provide new therapeutic strategies for these devastating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Zafar
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Dementia Center and DZNE, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Georg-August University, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
- Biomedical Engineering and Sciences Department, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (SMME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Bolan Road, H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Shehzadi Irum Fatima
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Dementia Center and DZNE, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Georg-August University, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmitz
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Dementia Center and DZNE, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Georg-August University, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Inga Zerr
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Dementia Center and DZNE, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Georg-August University, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
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7
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Stringer BW, De Silva MI, Greenberg Z, Noreña Puerta A, Adams R, Milky B, Zabolocki M, van den Hurk M, Ebert LM, Fairly Bishop C, Conn SJ, Kichenadasse G, Michael MZ, Ormsby RJ, Poonoose S, Bardy C. Human cerebrospinal fluid affects chemoradiotherapy sensitivities in tumor cells from patients with glioblastoma. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf1332. [PMID: 37878712 PMCID: PMC10599627 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf1332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Cancers in the central nervous system resist therapies effective in other cancers, possibly due to the unique biochemistry of the human brain microenvironment composed of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, the impact of CSF on cancer cells and therapeutic efficacy is unknown. Here, we examined the effect of human CSF on glioblastoma (GBM) tumors from 25 patients. We found that CSF induces tumor cell plasticity and resistance to standard GBM treatments (temozolomide and irradiation). We identified nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1), a transcription factor hampering ferroptosis, as a mediator of therapeutic resistance in CSF. NUPR1 inhibition with a repurposed antipsychotic, trifluoperazine, enhanced the killing of GBM cells resistant to chemoradiation in CSF. The same chemo-effective doses of trifluoperazine were safe for human neurons and astrocytes derived from pluripotent stem cells. These findings reveal that chemoradiation efficacy decreases in human CSF and suggest that combining trifluoperazine with standard care may improve the survival of patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett W. Stringer
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Laboratory for Human Neurophysiology and Genetics, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Manam Inushi De Silva
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Laboratory for Human Neurophysiology and Genetics, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Zarina Greenberg
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Laboratory for Human Neurophysiology and Genetics, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Alejandra Noreña Puerta
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Laboratory for Human Neurophysiology and Genetics, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Robert Adams
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Laboratory for Human Neurophysiology and Genetics, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Bridget Milky
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Laboratory for Human Neurophysiology and Genetics, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Michael Zabolocki
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Laboratory for Human Neurophysiology and Genetics, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mark van den Hurk
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Laboratory for Human Neurophysiology and Genetics, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lisa M. Ebert
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Christine Fairly Bishop
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Flinders Medical Centre, SA Health, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Simon J. Conn
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ganessan Kichenadasse
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Flinders Medical Centre, SA Health, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Michael Z. Michael
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Flinders Medical Centre, SA Health, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Rebecca J. Ormsby
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Santosh Poonoose
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Cedric Bardy
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Laboratory for Human Neurophysiology and Genetics, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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8
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Colom Díaz PA, Mistry JJ, Trowbridge JJ. Hematopoietic stem cell aging and leukemia transformation. Blood 2023; 142:533-542. [PMID: 36800569 PMCID: PMC10447482 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022017933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
With aging, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have an impaired ability to regenerate, differentiate, and produce an entire repertoire of mature blood and immune cells. Owing to dysfunctional hematopoiesis, the incidence of hematologic malignancies increases among elderly individuals. Here, we provide an update on HSC-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors and processes that were recently discovered to contribute to the functional decline of HSCs during aging. In addition, we discuss the targets and timing of intervention approaches to maintain HSC function during aging and the extent to which these same targets may prevent or delay transformation to hematologic malignancies.
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9
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Otręba M, Stojko J, Rzepecka-Stojko A. Phenothiazine derivatives and their impact on the necroptosis and necrosis processes. A review. Toxicology 2023; 492:153528. [PMID: 37127180 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The current review focuses on the effect of phenothiazine derivatives, tested in vitro, on necrosis and necroptosis, the latter constitutes one of the kinds of programmed cell death. Necroptosis is a necrotic and inflammatory type of programmed cell death. Phenothiazines are D1 and D2-like family receptor antagonists, which are used in the treatment of schizophrenia. Necroptosis begins from TNF-α, whose synthesis is stimulated by dopamine receptors, thus it can be concluded that phenothiazine derivatives may modulate necroptosis. We identified 19 papers reporting in vitro assays of necroptosis and necrosis in which phenothiazine derivatives, and both normal and cancer cell lines were used. Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, levomepromazine, perphenazine, promethazine, thioridazine, trifluoperazine, and novel derivatives can modulate necroptosis and necrosis. The type of a drug, concentration and a cell line have an impact on the ultimate effect. Unfortunately, the authors confirmed both processes on the basis of TNF-α and ATP levels as well as the final steps of necrosis/necroptosis related to membrane permeability (PI staining, LDH release, and HMGB1 amount), which makes it impossible to understand the complete mechanism of phenothiazines impact on necroptosis and necrosis. Studies analyzing the effect of phenothiazines on RIPK1, RIPK3, or MLKL has not been performed yet. Only the analysis of the expression of those proteins as well as necrosis and necroptosis inhibitors can help us to comprehend how phenothiazine derivatives act, and how to improve their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Otręba
- Department of Drug Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jednosci 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Stojko
- Department of Toxicology and Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Ostrogorska 30, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Anna Rzepecka-Stojko
- Department of Drug Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jednosci 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
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10
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Kumar A, Vigato C, Boschi D, Lolli ML, Kumar D. Phenothiazines as anti-cancer agents: SAR overview and synthetic strategies. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 254:115337. [PMID: 37060756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and there are still limited options for cure. Chemotherapy is the most significant treatment for cancer which increased survival rates, despite this, it is associated with numerous side effects, as well as cancer relapsing due to drug resistance insurgence; consequently, it is still a challenging task to develop new potent and less toxic anti-cancer agents for patients' care. Phenothiazine moiety, which leads a class of well-known antipsychotic drugs, possesses a wide range of biological activities and has been also introduced in cancer chemotherapy. This review aims in disclosing the use of phenothiazines during the last five years for the development of different anti-cancer drug candidates. The design and the synthetic strategies adopted, the SAR investigations and the role of reviewed phenothiazine derivatives as anti-cancer agents and multi-drug resistance (MDR) reversals are here fully described and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173 229, India
| | - Chiara Vigato
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Donatella Boschi
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Lucio Lolli
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Torino, Italy.
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173 229, India.
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11
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Saurabh S, Nadendla K, Purohit SS, Sivakumar PM, Cetinel S. Fuzzy Drug Targets: Disordered Proteins in the Drug-Discovery Realm. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:9729-9747. [PMID: 36969402 PMCID: PMC10034788 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and regions (IDRs) form a large part of the eukaryotic proteome. Contrary to the structure-function paradigm, the disordered proteins perform a myriad of functions in vivo. Consequently, they are involved in various disease pathways and are plausible drug targets. Unlike folded proteins, that have a defined structure and well carved out drug-binding pockets that can guide lead molecule selection, the disordered proteins require alternative drug-development methodologies that are based on an acceptable picture of their conformational ensemble. In this review, we discuss various experimental and computational techniques that contribute toward understanding IDP "structure" and describe representative pursuances toward IDP-targeting drug development. We also discuss ideas on developing rational drug design protocols targeting IDPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Saurabh
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Karthik Nadendla
- Center
for Misfolding Diseases, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, Lensfield
Road, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Shubh Sanket Purohit
- Department
of Clinical Haematology, Sahyadri Superspeciality
Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
| | - Ponnurengam Malliappan Sivakumar
- Institute
of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Nanotechnology
Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Sibel Cetinel
- Nanotechnology
Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- Faculty of
Engineering and Natural Sciences, Molecular Biology, Genetics and
Bioengineering Program, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
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12
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Murayama M, Hirata H, Shiraki M, Iovanna JL, Yamaza T, Kukita T, Komori T, Moriishi T, Ueno M, Morimoto T, Mawatari M, Kukita A. Nupr1 deficiency downregulates HtrA1, enhances SMAD1 signaling, and suppresses age-related bone loss in male mice. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:566-581. [PMID: 36715607 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) is a stress-induced protein activated by various stresses, such as inflammation and oxidative stress. We previously reported that Nupr1 deficiency increased bone volume by enhancing bone formation in 11-week-old mice. Analysis of differentially expressed genes between wild-type (WT) and Nupr1-knockout (Nupr1-KO) osteocytes revealed that high temperature requirement A 1 (HTRA1), a serine protease implicated in osteogenesis and transforming growth factor-β signaling was markedly downregulated in Nupr1-KO osteocytes. Nupr1 deficiency also markedly reduced HtrA1 expression, but enhanced SMAD1 signaling in in vitro-cultured primary osteoblasts. In contrast, Nupr1 overexpression enhanced HtrA1 expression in osteoblasts, suggesting that Nupr1 regulates HtrA1 expression, thereby suppressing osteoblastogenesis. Since HtrA1 is also involved in cellular senescence and age-related diseases, we analyzed aging-related bone loss in Nupr1-KO mice. Significant spine trabecular bone loss was noted in WT male and female mice during 6-19 months of age, whereas aging-related trabecular bone loss was attenuated, especially in Nupr1-KO male mice. Moreover, cellular senescence-related markers were upregulated in the osteocytes of 6-19-month-old WT male mice but markedly downregulated in the osteocytes of 19-month-old Nupr1-KO male mice. Oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence stimulated Nupr1 and HtrA1 expression in in vitro-cultured primary osteoblasts, and Nupr1 overexpression enhanced p16ink4a expression in osteoblasts. Finally, NUPR1 expression in osteocytes isolated from the bones of patients with osteoarthritis was correlated with age. Collectively, these results indicate that Nupr1 regulates HtrA1-mediated osteoblast differentiation and senescence. Our findings unveil a novel Nupr1/HtrA1 axis, which may play pivotal roles in bone formation and age-related bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Murayama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hirohito Hirata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Makoto Shiraki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Juan L Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U 1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Takayoshi Yamaza
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshio Kukita
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Oral Anatomy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Komori
- Department of Molecular Bone Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Moriishi
- Department of Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masaya Ueno
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Tadatsugu Morimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masaaki Mawatari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Akiko Kukita
- Research Center of Arthroplasty, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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13
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Araujo-Abad S, Neira JL, Rizzuti B, García-Morales P, de Juan Romero C, Santofimia-Castaño P, Iovanna J. Intrinsically Disordered Chromatin Protein NUPR1 Binds to the Enzyme PADI4. J Mol Biol 2023; 435:168033. [PMID: 36858171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) is an intrinsically disordered protein involved in stress-mediated cellular conditions. Its paralogue nuclear protein 1-like (NUPR1L) is p53-regulated, and its expression down-regulates that of the NUPR1 gene. Peptidyl-arginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) is an isoform of a family of enzymes catalyzing arginine to citrulline conversion; it is also involved in stress-mediated cellular conditions. We characterized the interaction between NUPR1 and PADI4 in vitro, in silico, and in cellulo. The interaction of NUPR1 and PADI4 occurred with a dissociation constant of 18 ± 6 μM. The binding region of NUPR1, mapped by NMR, was a hydrophobic polypeptide patch surrounding the key residue Ala33, as pinpointed by: (i) computational results; and, (ii) site-directed mutagenesis of residues of NUPR1. The association between PADI4 and wild-type NUPR1 was also assessed in cellulo by using proximity ligation assays (PLAs) and immunofluorescence (IF), and it occurred mainly in the nucleus. Moreover, binding between NUPR1L and PADI4 also occurred in vitro with an affinity similar to that of NUPR1. Molecular modelling provided information on the binding hot spot for PADI4. This is an example of a disordered partner of PADI4, whereas its other known interacting proteins are well-folded. Altogether, our results suggest that the NUPR1/PADI4 complex could have crucial functions in modulating DNA-repair, favoring metastasis, or facilitating citrullination of other proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salomé Araujo-Abad
- IDIBE, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche (Alicante), Spain; Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional de Loja, Avda. Pío Jaramillo Alvarado s/n, Loja, 110111 Loja, Ecuador
| | - José L Neira
- IDIBE, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche (Alicante), Spain; Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems - Joint Unit GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Bruno Rizzuti
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems - Joint Unit GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; CNR-NANOTEC, SS Rende (CS), Department of Physics, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | | | - Camino de Juan Romero
- IDIBE, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche (Alicante), Spain; Unidad de Investigación, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO), Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Camí de l'Almazara 11, 03203 Elche (Alicante), Spain
| | - Patricia Santofimia-Castaño
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France.
| | - Juan Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
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14
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Rizzuti B, Iovanna JL, Neira JL. Deciphering the Binding of the Nuclear Localization Sequence of Myc Protein to the Nuclear Carrier Importin α3. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315333. [PMID: 36499669 PMCID: PMC9739371 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncoprotein Myc is a transcription factor regulating global gene expression and modulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolism. Myc has a nuclear localization sequence (NLS) comprising residues Pro320 to Asp328, to allow for nuclear translocation. We designed a peptide comprising such region and the flanking residues (Ala310-Asn339), NLS-Myc, to study, in vitro and in silico, the ability to bind importin α3 (Impα3) and its truncated species (ΔImpα3) depleted of the importin binding domain (IBB), by using fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD), biolayer interferometry (BLI), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and molecular simulations. NLS-Myc interacted with both importin species, with affinity constants of ~0.5 µM (for Impα3) and ~60 nM (for ΔImpα3), as measured by BLI. The molecular simulations predicted that the anchoring of NLS-Myc took place in the major binding site of Impα3 for the NLS of cargo proteins. Besides clarifying the conformational behavior of the isolated NLS of Myc in solution, our results identified some unique properties in the binding of this localization sequence to the nuclear carrier Impα3, such as a difference in the kinetics of its release mechanism depending on the presence or absence of the IBB domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rizzuti
- CNR-NANOTEC, SS Rende (CS), Department of Physics, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos–Unidad Mixta GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.R.); (J.L.N.)
| | - Juan L. Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - José L. Neira
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos–Unidad Mixta GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDIBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.R.); (J.L.N.)
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15
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Alaofi AL, Shahid M, Raish M, Ansari MA, Syed R, Kalam MA. Identification of Doxorubicin as Repurposing Inhibitory Drug for MERS-CoV PLpro. Molecules 2022; 27:7553. [PMID: 36364379 PMCID: PMC9654812 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), belonging to the betacoronavirus genus can cause severe respiratory illnesses, accompanied by pneumonia, multiorgan failure, and ultimately death. CoVs have the ability to transgress species barriers and spread swiftly into new host species, with human-to-human transmission causing epidemic diseases. Despite the severe public health threat of MERS-CoV, there are currently no vaccines or drugs available for its treatment. MERS-CoV papain-like protease (PLpro) is a key enzyme that plays an important role in its replication. In the present study, we evaluated the inhibitory activities of doxorubicin (DOX) against the recombinant MERS-CoV PLpro by employing protease inhibition assays. Hydrolysis of fluorogenic peptide from the Z-RLRGG-AMC-peptide bond in the presence of DOX showed an IC50 value of 1.67 μM at 30 min. Subsequently, we confirmed the interaction between DOX and MERS-CoV PLpro by thermal shift assay (TSA), and DOX increased ΔTm by ~20 °C, clearly indicating a coherent interaction between the MERS-CoV PL protease and DOX. The binding site of DOX on MERS-CoV PLpro was assessed using docking techniques and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. DOX bound to the thumb region of the catalytic domain of the MERS-CoV PLpro. MD simulation results showed flexible BL2 loops, as well as other potential residues, such as R231, R233, and G276 of MERS-CoV PLpro. Development of drug repurposing is a remarkable opportunity to quickly examine the efficacy of different aspects of treating various diseases. Protease inhibitors have been found to be effective against MERS-CoV to date, and numerous candidates are currently undergoing clinical trials to prove this. Our effort follows a in similar direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed L. Alaofi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- College of Pharmacy Building 23, Pharmaceutics Department, King Saud University, Ground Floor, Office AA 79, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mudassar Shahid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Raish
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad Ansari
- Department of Phamacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabbani Syed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Abul Kalam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Chaouhan HS, Vinod C, Mahapatra N, Yu SH, Wang IK, Chen KB, Yu TM, Li CY. Necroptosis: A Pathogenic Negotiator in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12714. [PMID: 36361505 PMCID: PMC9655262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, mechanisms of programmed cell death have attracted the scientific community because they are involved in diverse human diseases. Initially, apoptosis was considered as a crucial mechanistic pathway for programmed cell death; recently, an alternative regulated mode of cell death was identified, mimicking the features of both apoptosis and necrosis. Several lines of evidence have revealed that dysregulation of necroptosis leads to pathological diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular, lung, renal, hepatic, neurodegenerative, and inflammatory diseases. Regulated forms of necrosis are executed by death receptor ligands through the activation of receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK)-1/3 and mixed-lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL), resulting in the formation of a necrosome complex. Many papers based on genetic and pharmacological studies have shown that RIPKs and MLKL are the key regulatory effectors during the progression of multiple pathological diseases. This review focused on illuminating the mechanisms underlying necroptosis, the functions of necroptosis-associated proteins, and their influences on disease progression. We also discuss numerous natural and chemical compounds and novel targeted therapies that elicit beneficial roles of necroptotic cell death in malignant cells to bypass apoptosis and drug resistance and to provide suggestions for further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Singh Chaouhan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Ch Vinod
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneshwar 751024, India
| | - Nikita Mahapatra
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneshwar 751024, India
| | - Shao-Hua Yu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - I-Kuan Wang
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Bao Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Min Yu
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Li
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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17
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Brown JS. Treatment of cancer with antipsychotic medications: Pushing the boundaries of schizophrenia and cancer. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 141:104809. [PMID: 35970416 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Over a century ago, the phenothiazine dye, methylene blue, was discovered to have both antipsychotic and anti-cancer effects. In the 20th-century, the first phenothiazine antipsychotic, chlorpromazine, was found to inhibit cancer. During the years of elucidating the pharmacology of the phenothiazines, reserpine, an antipsychotic with a long historical background, was likewise discovered to have anti-cancer properties. Research on the effects of antipsychotics on cancer continued slowly until the 21st century when efforts to repurpose antipsychotics for cancer treatment accelerated. This review examines the history of these developments, and identifies which antipsychotics might treat cancer, and which cancers might be treated by antipsychotics. The review also describes the molecular mechanisms through which antipsychotics may inhibit cancer. Although the overlap of molecular pathways between schizophrenia and cancer have been known or suspected for many years, no comprehensive review of the subject has appeared in the psychiatric literature to assess the significance of these similarities. This review fills that gap and discusses what, if any, significance the similarities have regarding the etiology of schizophrenia.
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18
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Santofimia-Castaño P, Huang C, Liu X, Xia Y, Audebert S, Camoin L, Peng L, Lomberk G, Urrutia R, Soubeyran P, Neira JL, Iovanna J. NUPR1 protects against hyperPARylation-dependent cell death. Commun Biol 2022; 5:732. [PMID: 35869257 PMCID: PMC9307593 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03705-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteomic, cellular and biochemical analysis of the stress protein NUPR1 reveals that it binds to PARP1 into the nucleus and inhibits PARP1 activity in vitro. Mutations on residues Ala33 or Thr68 of NUPR1 or treatment with its inhibitor ZZW-115 inhibits this effect. PARylation induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment is strongly enhanced by ZZW-115 and associated with a decrease of NAD+/NADH ratio and rescued by the PARP inhibitor olaparib. Cell death induced by ZZW-115 treatment of pancreas cancer-derived cells is rescued by olaparib and improved with PARG inhibitor PDD00017273. The mitochondrial catastrophe induced by ZZW-115 treatment or by genetic inactivation of NUPR1 is associated to a hyperPARylation of the mitochondria, disorganization of the mitochondrial network, mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, and with increase of superoxide production, intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytosolic levels of Ca2+. These features are rescued by olaparib or NAD+ precursor nicotinamide mononucleotide in a dose-dependent manner and partially by antioxidants treatments. In conclusion, inactivation of NUPR1 induces a hyperPARylation, which in turn, induces a mitochondrial catastrophe and consequently a cell death through a non-canonical Parthanatos, since apoptosis inducing-factor (AIF) is not translocated out of the mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Santofimia-Castaño
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Can Huang
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Xi Liu
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Yi Xia
- grid.190737.b0000 0001 0154 0904Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Stephane Audebert
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Luc Camoin
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Ling Peng
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, UMR 7325, «Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer», Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Gwen Lomberk
- grid.30760.320000 0001 2111 8460Division of Research, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI USA
| | - Raul Urrutia
- grid.30760.320000 0001 2111 8460Genomic Science and Precision Medicine Center (GSPMC), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI USA
| | - Philippe Soubeyran
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Jose Luis Neira
- grid.26811.3c0000 0001 0586 4893Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Edificio Torregaitán, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Alicante Spain
| | - Juan Iovanna
- grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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Human Enzyme PADI4 Binds to the Nuclear Carrier Importin α3. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142166. [PMID: 35883608 PMCID: PMC9319256 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PADI4 is a peptidyl-arginine deiminase (PADI) involved in the conversion of arginine to citrulline. PADI4 is present in macrophages, monocytes, granulocytes, and several cancer cells. It is the only PADI family member observed within both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. PADI4 has a predicted nuclear localization sequence (NLS) comprising residues Pro56 to Ser83, to allow for nuclear translocation. Recent predictors also suggest that the region Arg495 to Ile526 is a possible NLS. To understand how PADI4 is involved in cancer, we studied the ability of intact PADI4 to bind importin α3 (Impα3), a nuclear transport factor that plays tumor-promoting roles in several cancers, and its truncated species (ΔImpα3) without the importin-binding domain (IBB), by using fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD), and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Furthermore, the binding of two peptides, encompassing the first and the second NLS regions, was also studied using the same methods and molecular docking simulations. PADI4 interacted with both importin species, with affinity constants of ~1–5 µM. The isolated peptides also interacted with both importins. The molecular simulations predict that the anchoring of both peptides takes place in the major binding site of Impα3 for the NLS of cargo proteins. These findings suggest that both NLS regions were essentially responsible for the binding of PADI4 to the two importin species. Our data are discussed within the framework of a cell mechanism of nuclear transport that is crucial in cancer.
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20
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Effects of TP53 Mutations and miRs on Immune Responses in the Tumor Microenvironment Important in Pancreatic Cancer Progression. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142155. [PMID: 35883598 PMCID: PMC9318640 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 90% of pancreatic cancers are pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC). PDAC is the fourth leading cause of cancer death world-wide. Therapies for PDAC are largely ineffective due to the dense desmoplastic tumor microenvironment which prevents chemotherapeutic drugs and small molecule inhibitors from exerting effective anti-cancer effects. In this review, we will discuss the roles of TP53 and miRs on the PDAC tumor microenvironment and how loss of the normal functions of TP53 promote tumor progression. The TP53 gene is mutated in approximately 50% of pancreatic cancers. Often, these TP53 mutations are point mutations which confer additional functions for the TP53 proteins. These are called gain of function (GOF) mutations (mut). Another class of TP53 mutations are deletions which result in loss of the TP53 protein; these are referred to TP53-null mutations. We have organized this review into various components/properties of the PDAC microenvironment and how they may be altered in the presence of mutant TP53 and loss of certain miR expression.
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21
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Hsu SK, Chu YH, Syue WJ, Lin HYH, Chang WT, Chen JYF, Wu CY, Yen CH, Cheng KC, Chiu CC. The Role of Nonapoptotic Programmed Cell Death — Ferroptosis, Necroptosis, and Pyroptosis — in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Treatment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:872883. [PMID: 35664778 PMCID: PMC9160188 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.872883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most lethal cancer, with a dismal 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. It is estimated that approximately 80% of pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDAC) patients are diagnosed at an advanced or metastatic stage. Hence, most patients are not appropriate candidates for surgical resection and therefore require systemic chemotherapy. However, it has been reported that most patients develop chemoresistance within several months, partly because of antiapoptotic mechanisms. Hence, inducing alternative programmed cell death (PCD), including ferroptosis, necroptosis or pyroptosis, seems to be a promising strategy to overcome antiapoptosis-mediated chemoresistance. In this review, we shed light on the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis and suggest several potential strategies (e.g., compounds and nanoparticles [NPs]) that are capable of triggering nonapoptotic PCD to suppress PDAC progression. In conclusion, these strategies might serve as adjuvants in combination with clinical first-line chemotherapies to improve patient survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Kai Hsu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Chu
- Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wun-Jyun Syue
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hugo You-Hsien Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tsan Chang
- Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jeff Yi-Fu Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yi Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Yen
- The Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chun Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Kai-Chun Cheng, ; Chien-Chih Chiu,
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- The Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Kai-Chun Cheng, ; Chien-Chih Chiu,
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22
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Targeting HIF-1α Function in Cancer through the Chaperone Action of NQO1: Implications of Genetic Diversity of NQO1. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12050747. [PMID: 35629169 PMCID: PMC9146583 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
HIF-1α is a master regulator of oxygen homeostasis involved in different stages of cancer development. Thus, HIF-1α inhibition represents an interesting target for anti-cancer therapy. It was recently shown that the HIF-1α interaction with NQO1 inhibits proteasomal degradation of the former, thus suggesting that targeting the stability and/or function of NQO1 could lead to the destabilization of HIF-1α as a therapeutic approach. Since the molecular interactions of NQO1 with HIF-1α are beginning to be unraveled, in this review we discuss: (1) Structure–function relationships of HIF-1α; (2) our current knowledge on the intracellular functions and stability of NQO1; (3) the pharmacological modulation of NQO1 by small ligands regarding function and stability; (4) the potential effects of genetic variability of NQO1 in HIF-1α levels and function; (5) the molecular determinants of NQO1 as a chaperone of many different proteins including cancer-associated factors such as HIF-1α, p53 and p73α. This knowledge is then further discussed in the context of potentially targeting the intracellular stability of HIF-1α by acting on its chaperone, NQO1. This could result in novel anti-cancer therapies, always considering that the substantial genetic variability in NQO1 would likely result in different phenotypic responses among individuals.
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23
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Organelle specific fluorescent phenomics and transcriptomic profiling to evaluate cellular response to tris(1,3 dichloro 2 propyl)phosphate. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4660. [PMID: 35304560 PMCID: PMC8933422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08799-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TDCPP) has been suspected to cause toxicity invertebrates, but its phenotypic effects and the underlying regulatory mechanism have not been fully revealed. Generally, cellular responses tightly control and affect various phenotypes. The scope of the whole organism or cellular toxicological phenotyping, however, has been limited, and quantitative analysis methods using phenotype data have not been fully established. Here, we demonstrated that fluorescence imaging of sub-organelle-based phenomic analysis together with transcriptomic profiling can enable a comprehensive understanding of correlations between molecular and phenomic events. To reveal the cellular response to TDCPP exposure, we obtained three sub-organelle images as fluorescent phenotypes. Transcriptomic perturbation data were measured from the RNA-seq experiment, and both profiling results were analyzed together. Interestingly, organelle phenomic data showed a unique fluorescent intensity increase in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and pathway analysis using transcriptomic data also revealed that ER was significantly enriched in gene ontology terms. Following the series of analyses, RNA-seq data also revealed potential carcinogenic effects of TDCPP. Our multi-dimensional profiling approach for organophosphate chemicals can uniquely correlate phenotypic changes with transcriptomic perturbations.
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24
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Rizzuti B. Molecular simulations of proteins: From simplified physical interactions to complex biological phenomena. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2022; 1870:140757. [PMID: 35051666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2022.140757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulation is the most popular computational technique for investigating the structural and dynamical behaviour of proteins, in search of the molecular basis of their function. Far from being a completely settled field of research, simulations are still evolving to best capture the essential features of the atomic interactions that govern a protein's inner motions. Modern force fields are becoming increasingly accurate in providing a physical description adequate to this purpose, and allow us to model complex biological systems under fairly realistic conditions. Furthermore, the use of accelerated sampling techniques is improving our access to the observation of progressively larger molecular structures, longer time scales, and more hidden functional events. In this review, the basic principles of molecular dynamics simulations and a number of key applications in the area of protein science are summarized, and some of the most important results are discussed. Examples include the study of the structure, dynamics and binding properties of 'difficult' targets, such as intrinsically disordered proteins and membrane receptors, and the investigation of challenging phenomena like hydration-driven processes and protein aggregation. The findings described provide an overall picture of the current state of this research field, and indicate new perspectives on the road ahead to the upcoming future of molecular simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rizzuti
- CNR-NANOTEC, SS Rende (CS), Department of Physics, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Unit GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
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25
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Sauler M, McDonough JE, Adams TS, Kothapalli N, Barnthaler T, Werder RB, Schupp JC, Nouws J, Robertson MJ, Coarfa C, Yang T, Chioccioli M, Omote N, Cosme C, Poli S, Ayaub EA, Chu SG, Jensen KH, Gomez JL, Britto CJ, Raredon MSB, Niklason LE, Wilson AA, Timshel PN, Kaminski N, Rosas IO. Characterization of the COPD alveolar niche using single-cell RNA sequencing. Nat Commun 2022; 13:494. [PMID: 35078977 PMCID: PMC8789871 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28062-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death worldwide, however our understanding of cell specific mechanisms underlying COPD pathobiology remains incomplete. Here, we analyze single-cell RNA sequencing profiles of explanted lung tissue from subjects with advanced COPD or control lungs, and we validate findings using single-cell RNA sequencing of lungs from mice exposed to 10 months of cigarette smoke, RNA sequencing of isolated human alveolar epithelial cells, functional in vitro models, and in situ hybridization and immunostaining of human lung tissue samples. We identify a subpopulation of alveolar epithelial type II cells with transcriptional evidence for aberrant cellular metabolism and reduced cellular stress tolerance in COPD. Using transcriptomic network analyses, we predict capillary endothelial cells are inflamed in COPD, particularly through increased CXCL-motif chemokine signaling. Finally, we detect a high-metallothionein expressing macrophage subpopulation enriched in advanced COPD. Collectively, these findings highlight cell-specific mechanisms involved in the pathobiology of advanced COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maor Sauler
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - John E McDonough
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Taylor S Adams
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Neeharika Kothapalli
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Thomas Barnthaler
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rhiannon B Werder
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Jonas C Schupp
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School and Biomedical Research in End-stage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover, German Lung Research Center (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Jessica Nouws
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matthew J Robertson
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tao Yang
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Maurizio Chioccioli
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Norihito Omote
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carlos Cosme
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sergio Poli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ehab A Ayaub
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah G Chu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jose L Gomez
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Clemente J Britto
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Micha Sam B Raredon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Laura E Niklason
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Andrew A Wilson
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | | | - Naftali Kaminski
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ivan O Rosas
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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26
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Jing Z, Yu W, Li A, Chen X, Chen Y, Chen J. Trifluoperazine Synergistically Potentiates Bortezomib-Induced Anti-Cancer Effect in Multiple Myeloma via Inhibiting P38 MAPK/NUPR1. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2022; 257:315-326. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.2022.j044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zizi Jing
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Anmao Li
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Xuanxin Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Yuying Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Jianbin Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
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27
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Chen X, Zeh HJ, Kang R, Kroemer G, Tang D. Cell death in pancreatic cancer: from pathogenesis to therapy. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 18:804-823. [PMID: 34331036 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-021-00486-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a devastating gastrointestinal cancer characterized by late diagnosis, limited treatment success and dismal prognosis. Exocrine tumours account for 95% of pancreatic cancers and the most common pathological type is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The occurrence and progression of PDAC involve multiple factors, including internal genetic alterations and external inflammatory stimuli. The biology and therapeutic response of PDAC are further shaped by various forms of regulated cell death, such as apoptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis and alkaliptosis. Cell death induced by local or systemic treatments suppresses tumour proliferation, invasion and metastasis. However, unrestricted cell death or tissue damage might result in an inflammation-related immunosuppressive microenvironment, which is conducive to tumour progression or recurrence. The precise extent to which cell death affects PDAC is not yet well described. A growing body of preclinical and clinical studies document significant correlations between mutations (for example, in KRAS and TP53), stress responses (such as hypoxia and autophagy), metabolic reprogramming and chemotherapeutic responses. Here, we describe the molecular machinery of cell death, discuss the complexity and multifaceted nature of lethal signalling in PDAC cells, and highlight the challenges and opportunities for activating cell death pathways through precision oncology treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Herbert J Zeh
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France. .,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. .,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France. .,Suzhou Institute for Systems Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China. .,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Daolin Tang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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28
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Liu W, Jin W, Zhu S, Chen Y, Liu B. Targeting regulated cell death (RCD) with small-molecule compounds in cancer therapy: A revisited review of apoptosis, autophagy-dependent cell death and necroptosis. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:612-625. [PMID: 34718209 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Evasion of regulated cell death (RCD), mainly referring to apoptosis, autophagy-dependent cell death, necroptosis, and other subroutines, is one of the well-established hallmarks of cancer cells. Accumulating evidence has revealed several small-molecule compounds that target different subroutines of RCD in cancer therapy. In this review, we summarize key pathways of apoptosis, autophagy-dependent cell death and necroptosis in cancer, and describe small-molecule compounds that target these pathways and have potential as therapeutics. These inspiring findings light the way towards the discovery of more 'magic bullets' that could work individually or cooperatively to target precisely the three RCD subroutines and so improve cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenke Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiou Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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29
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Residual Helicity at the Active Site of the Histidine Phosphocarrier, HPr, Modulates Binding Affinity to Its Natural Partners. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910805. [PMID: 34639146 PMCID: PMC8509676 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS) modulates the preferential use of sugars in bacteria. The first proteins in the cascade are common to all organisms (EI and HPr). The active site of HPr involves a histidine (His15) located immediately before the beginning of the first α-helix. The regulator of sigma D (Rsd) protein also binds to HPr. The region of HPr comprising residues Gly9-Ala30 (HPr9–30), involving the first α-helix (Ala16-Thr27) and the preceding active site loop, binds to both the N-terminal region of EI and intact Rsd. HPr9–30 is mainly disordered. We attempted to improve the affinity of HPr9–30 to both proteins by mutating its sequence to increase its helicity. We designed peptides that led to a marginally larger population in solution of the helical structure of HPr9–30. Molecular simulations also suggested a modest increment in the helical population of mutants, when compared to the wild-type. The mutants, however, were bound with a less favorable affinity than the wild-type to both the N-terminal of EI (EIN) or Rsd, as tested by isothermal titration calorimetry and fluorescence. Furthermore, mutants showed lower antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus than the wild-type peptide. Therefore, we concluded that in HPr, a compromise between binding to its partners and residual structure at the active site must exist to carry out its function.
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30
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Rizzuti B, Lan W, Santofimia-Castaño P, Zhou Z, Velázquez-Campoy A, Abián O, Peng L, Neira JL, Xia Y, Iovanna JL. Design of Inhibitors of the Intrinsically Disordered Protein NUPR1: Balance between Drug Affinity and Target Function. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101453. [PMID: 34680086 PMCID: PMC8533202 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are emerging as attractive drug targets by virtue of their physiological ubiquity and their prevalence in various diseases, including cancer. NUPR1 is an IDP that localizes throughout the whole cell, and is involved in the development and progression of several tumors. We have previously repurposed trifluoperazine (TFP) as a drug targeting NUPR1 and, by using a ligand-based approach, designed the drug ZZW-115 starting from the TFP scaffold. Such derivative compound hinders the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in mice, by hampering nuclear translocation of NUPR1. Aiming to further improve the activity of ZZW-115, here we have used an indirect drug design approach to modify its chemical features, by changing the substituent attached to the piperazine ring. As a result, we have synthesized a series of compounds based on the same chemical scaffold. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) showed that, with the exception of the compound preserving the same chemical moiety at the end of the alkyl chain as ZZW-115, an increase of the length by a single methylene group (i.e., ethyl to propyl) significantly decreased the affinity towards NUPR1 measured in vitro, whereas maintaining the same length of the alkyl chain and adding heterocycles favored the binding affinity. However, small improvements of the compound affinity towards NUPR1, as measured by ITC, did not result in a corresponding improvement in their inhibitory properties and in cellulo functions, as proved by measuring three different biological effects: hindrance of the nuclear translocation of the protein, sensitization of cells against DNA damage mediated by NUPR1, and prevention of cancer cell growth. Our findings suggest that a delicate compromise between favoring ligand affinity and controlling protein function may be required to successfully design drugs against NUPR1, and likely other IDPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rizzuti
- CNR-NANOTEC, SS Rende (CS), Department of Physics, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 31 C, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy;
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos, Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.V.-C.); (O.A.); (J.L.N.)
| | - Wenjun Lan
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (W.L.); (P.S.-C.)
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, UMR 7325, «Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer», 13288 Marseille, France;
| | - Patricia Santofimia-Castaño
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (W.L.); (P.S.-C.)
| | - Zhengwei Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China;
| | - Adrián Velázquez-Campoy
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos, Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.V.-C.); (O.A.); (J.L.N.)
- Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área Temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Fundacion ARAID, Government of Aragon, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Olga Abián
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos, Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.V.-C.); (O.A.); (J.L.N.)
- Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ling Peng
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, UMR 7325, «Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer», 13288 Marseille, France;
| | - José L. Neira
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos, Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.V.-C.); (O.A.); (J.L.N.)
- IDIBE, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Yi Xia
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (J.L.I.)
| | - Juan L. Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (W.L.); (P.S.-C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (J.L.I.)
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NUPR1 inhibitor ZZW-115 induces ferroptosis in a mitochondria-dependent manner. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:269. [PMID: 34599149 PMCID: PMC8486797 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00662-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death characterized by the accumulation of hydroperoxided phospholipids. Here, we report that the NUPR1 inhibitor ZZW-115 induces ROS accumulation followed by a ferroptotic cell death, which could be prevented by ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) and ROS-scavenging agents. The ferroptotic activity can be improved by inhibiting antioxidant factors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)- and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-derived cells. In addition, ZZW-115-treatment increases the accumulation of hydroperoxided lipids in these cells. We also found that a loss of activity and strong deregulation of key enzymes involved in the GSH- and GPX-dependent antioxidant systems upon ZZW-115 treatment. These results have been validated in xenografts induced with PDAC- and HCC-derived cells in nude mice during the treatment with ZZW-115. More importantly, we demonstrate that ZZW-115-induced mitochondrial morphological changes, compatible with the ferroptotic process, as well as mitochondrial network disorganization and strong mitochondrial metabolic dysfunction, which are rescued by both Fer-1 and N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Of note, the expression of TFAM, a key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, is downregulated by ZZW-115. Forced expression of TFAM is able to rescue morphological and functional mitochondrial alterations, ROS production, and cell death induced by ZZW-115 or genetic inhibition of NUPR1. Altogether, these results demonstrate that the mitochondrial cell death mediated by NUPR1 inhibitor ZZW-115 is fully rescued by Fer-1 but also via TFAM complementation. In conclusion, TFAM could be considered as an antagonist of the ferroptotic cell death.
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Sub-Micromolar Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro by Natural Compounds. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090892. [PMID: 34577592 PMCID: PMC8465303 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibiting the main protease 3CLpro is the most common strategy in the search for antiviral drugs to fight the infection from SARS-CoV-2. We report that the natural compound eugenol is able to hamper in vitro the enzymatic activity of 3CLpro, the SARS-CoV-2 main protease, with an inhibition constant in the sub-micromolar range (Ki = 0.81 μM). Two phenylpropene analogs were also tested: the same effect was observed for estragole with a lower potency (Ki = 4.1 μM), whereas anethole was less active. The binding efficiency index of these compounds is remarkably favorable due also to their small molecular mass (MW < 165 Da). We envision that nanomolar inhibition of 3CLpro is widely accessible within the chemical space of simple natural compounds.
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Zhou R, Liao J, Cai D, Tian Q, Huang E, Lü T, Chen SY, Xie WB. Nupr1 mediates renal fibrosis via activating fibroblast and promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21381. [PMID: 33617091 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000926rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is a pathological process that fibrotic components are excessively deposited in the renal interstitial space due to kidney injury, resulting in impaired renal function and chronic kidney disease. The molecular mechanisms controlling renal fibrosis are not fully understood. In this present study, we identified Nuclear protein 1 (Nupr1), a transcription factor also called p8, as a novel regulator promoting renal fibrosis. Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) time-dependently induced Nupr1 mRNA and protein expression in mouse kidneys while causing renal damage and fibrosis. Nupr1 deficiency (Nupr1-/- ) attenuated the renal tubule dilatation, tubular epithelial cell atrophy, and interstitial collagen accumulation caused by UUO. Consistently, Nupr1-/- significantly decreased the expression of type I collagen, myofibroblast markers smooth muscle α-actin (α-SMA), fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP-1), and vimentin in mouse kidney that were upregulated by UUO. These results suggest that Nupr1 protein was essential for fibroblast activation and/or epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during renal fibrogenesis. Indeed, Nupr1 was indispensable for TGF-β-induced myofibroblast activation of kidney interstitial NRK-49F fibroblasts, multipotent mesenchymal C3H10T1/2 cells, and the EMT of kidney epithelial NRK-52E cells. It appears that Nupr1 mediated TGF-β-induced α-SMA expression and collagen synthesis by initiating Smad3 signaling pathway. Importantly, trifluoperazine (TFP), a Nupr1 inhibitor, alleviated UUO-induced renal fibrosis. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Nupr1 promotes renal fibrosis by activating myofibroblast transformation from both fibroblasts and tubular epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimei Zhou
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Department of Surgery, Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Jiashun Liao
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dunpeng Cai
- Department of Surgery, Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Qin Tian
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Enping Huang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tianming Lü
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Surgery, Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Wei-Bing Xie
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Huang C, Santofimia-Castaño P, Iovanna J. NUPR1: A Critical Regulator of the Antioxidant System. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153670. [PMID: 34359572 PMCID: PMC8345110 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) is activated in cellular stress and is expressed at high levels in cancer cells. Much evidence has been gathered supporting its critical role in regulating the antioxidant system. Our review aims to summarize the literature data on the impact of NUPR1 on the oxidative stress response via such a regulatory role and how its inhibition induces reactive oxygen species-mediated cell death, such as ferroptosis. Abstract Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) is a small intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) activated in response to various types of cellular stress, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are mainly produced during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, and directly impact redox homeostasis and oxidative stress. Ferroptosis is a ROS-dependent programmed cell death driven by an iron-mediated redox reaction. Substantial evidence supports a maintenance role of the stress-inducible protein NUPR1 on cancer cell metabolism that confers chemotherapeutic resistance by upregulating mitochondrial function-associated genes and various antioxidant genes in cancer cells. NUPR1, identified as an antagonist of ferroptosis, plays an important role in redox reactions. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the mechanism behind the observed impact of NUPR1 on mitochondrial function, energy metabolism, iron metabolism, and the antioxidant system. The therapeutic potential of genetic or pharmacological inhibition of NUPR1 in cancer is also discussed. Understanding the role of NUPR1 in the antioxidant system and the mechanisms behind its regulation of ferroptosis may promote the development of more efficacious strategies for cancer therapy.
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Borrello MT, Santofimia-Castaño P, Bocchio M, Listi A, Fraunhoffer N, Soubeyran P, Chevet E, Pin C, Iovanna J. NUPR1 interacts with eIF2α and is required for resolution of the ER stress response in pancreatic tissue. FEBS J 2021; 288:4081-4097. [PMID: 33403797 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) is a stress response protein overexpressed upon cell injury in virtually all organs including the exocrine pancreas. Despite NUPR1's well-established role in the response to cell stress, the molecular and structural machineries triggered by NUPR1 activation remain largely debated. In this study, we uncover a new role for NUPR1, participating in the unfolded protein response (UPR) and the integrated stress response. Biochemical results and ultrastructural morphological observations revealed alterations in the UPR of acinar cells of germline-deleted NUPR1 murine models, consistent with the inability to restore general protein synthesis after stress induction. Bioinformatic analysis of NUPR1-interacting partners showed significant enrichment in translation initiation factors, including eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 2α. Co-immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays confirmed the interaction between NUPR1 and eIF2α and its phosphorylated form (p-eIF2α). Furthermore, our data suggest loss of NUPR1 in cells results in maintained eIF2α phosphorylation and evaluation of nascent proteins by click chemistry revealed that NUPR1-depleted PANC-1 cells displayed a slower poststress protein synthesis recovery when compared to wild-type. Combined, these data propose a novel role for NUPR1 in the integrated stress response pathway, at least partially through promoting efficient PERK branch activity and resolution through a unique interaction with eIF2α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Borrello
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Patricia Santofimia-Castaño
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Marco Bocchio
- INMED (INSERM U1249), Turing Center for Living Systems, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Angela Listi
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Fraunhoffer
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Soubeyran
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Chevet
- INSERM U1242, Proteostasis and Cancer Team, Chemistry Oncogenesis Stress Signaling, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Christopher Pin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Departments of Pediatrics, Oncology, and Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Juan Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
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Chen X, Kang R, Kroemer G, Tang D. Targeting ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer: a double-edged sword. Trends Cancer 2021; 7:891-901. [PMID: 34023326 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains an aggressive malignancy with a 5-year survival rate below 10%. Its unique genetic makeup and tumor microenvironment produce a lack of response to current treatments, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Recent preclinical studies have revealed that ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death driven by unrestricted lipid peroxidation, may be an attractive therapeutic goal in PDAC. Understanding the dual role of ferroptotic cell death in both promoting and suppressing tumor immunity, as well as its integrated regulatory mechanisms and signaling pathways, may lead to more effective treatment designs for clinical trials of PDAC and may minimize or delay the emergence of drug resistance or side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labéllisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800 Villejuif, France; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France; Suzhou Institute for Systems Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Daolin Tang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, The Third Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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37
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Huang C, Iovanna J, Santofimia-Castaño P. Targeting Fibrosis: The Bridge That Connects Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4970. [PMID: 34067040 PMCID: PMC8124541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic fibrosis is caused by the excessive deposits of extracellular matrix (ECM) and collagen fibers during repeated necrosis to repair damaged pancreatic tissue. Pancreatic fibrosis is frequently present in chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreatic cancer (PC). Clinically, pancreatic fibrosis is a pathological feature of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. However, many new studies have found that pancreatic fibrosis is involved in the transformation from pancreatitis to pancreatic cancer. Thus, the role of fibrosis in the crosstalk between pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer is critical and still elusive; therefore, it deserves more attention. Here, we review the development of pancreatic fibrosis in inflammation and cancer, and we discuss the therapeutic strategies for alleviating pancreatic fibrosis. We further propose that cellular stress response might be a key driver that links fibrosis to cancer initiation and progression. Therefore, targeting stress proteins, such as nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1), could be an interesting strategy for pancreatic fibrosis and PC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Patricia Santofimia-Castaño
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France; (C.H.); (J.I.)
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38
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Cui Y, Wu H, Yang L, Huang T, Li J, Gong X, Li L, Sun X, Mao F, Wang Y. Chlorpromazine Sensitizes Progestin-Resistant Endometrial Cancer Cells to MPA by Upregulating PRB. Front Oncol 2021; 11:665832. [PMID: 33937078 PMCID: PMC8087176 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.665832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is the main conservative treatment for endometrial cancer (EC) patients desirable to preserve fertility and those who cannot suffer from surgery. Considering the high incidence of progestin resistance and recurrence of MPA treatment, we reproposed antipsychotics chlorpromazine (CPZ) as a new strategy for both progestin-sensitive and -resistant endometrial cancer. Cytobiology experiments indicated that CPZ could significantly suppress proliferation, migration/invasion and induce apoptosis in Ishikawa (ISK) and KLE EC cell lines. And xenograft mouse models were constructed to validate the antitumor effect and toxicity of CPZ in-vivo. CPZ inhibited the growth at a low dose of 3mg/kg and the mice exhibited no signs of toxicity. Next, concomitant treatment and sequential treatment with CPZ and MPA were proceeded to analysis the synergistic effect in EC cells. Concomitant treatment only performed a limited synergistic effect on apoptosis in ISK and KLE cells. Nevertheless, sequential treatment showed favorable synergistic effects in progestin-resistant KLE cells. Finally, a stable MPA-resistant cell line shRNA was established to explore the mechanism of CPZ reversing progestin resistance. Immunoblot data showed that CPZ inhibited the activation of PI3K/AKT signal in ISK and KLE cells and upregulated PRB expression in progestin-resistant cells, by which CPZ overcame progestin resistance to MPA. Thus, CPZ might act as a candidate drug for conservative treatment and sequential treatment with CPZ and MPA could be a suitable therapeutic option for progestin resistant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Cui
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Linlin Yang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.,College of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Dali University, Dali, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodi Gong
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Female Tumor Reproductive Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yudong Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Female Tumor Reproductive Specialty, Shanghai, China
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39
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Hosoya Y, Ohkanda J. Intrinsically Disordered Proteins as Regulators of Transient Biological Processes and as Untapped Drug Targets. Molecules 2021; 26:2118. [PMID: 33917117 PMCID: PMC8067799 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are critical players in the dynamic control of diverse cellular processes, and provide potential new drug targets because their dysregulation is closely related to many diseases. This review focuses on several medicinal studies that have identified low-molecular-weight inhibitors of IDPs. In addition, clinically relevant liquid-liquid phase separations-which critically involve both intermolecular interactions between IDPs and their posttranslational modification-are analyzed to understand the potential of IDPs as new drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junko Ohkanda
- Academic Assembly, Institute of Agriculture, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-Minowa, Kami-Ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan;
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40
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Rizzuti B, Grande F, Conforti F, Jimenez-Alesanco A, Ceballos-Laita L, Ortega-Alarcon D, Vega S, Reyburn HT, Abian O, Velazquez-Campoy A. Rutin Is a Low Micromolar Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease 3CLpro: Implications for Drug Design of Quercetin Analogs. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040375. [PMID: 33918402 PMCID: PMC8066963 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic, due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has stimulated the search for antivirals to tackle COVID-19 infection. Molecules with known pharmacokinetics and already approved for human use have been demonstrated or predicted to be suitable to be used either directly or as a base for a scaffold-based drug design. Among these substances, quercetin is known to be a potent in vitro inhibitor of 3CLpro, the SARS-CoV-2 main protease. However, its low in vivo bioavailability calls for modifications to its molecular structure. In this work, this issue is addressed by using rutin, a natural flavonoid that is the most common glycosylated conjugate of quercetin, as a model. Combining experimental (spectroscopy and calorimetry) and simulation techniques (docking and molecular dynamics simulations), we demonstrate that the sugar adduct does not hamper rutin binding to 3CLpro, and the conjugated compound preserves a high potency (inhibition constant in the low micromolar range, Ki = 11 μM). Although showing a disruption of the pseudo-symmetry in the chemical structure, a larger steric volume and molecular weight, and a higher solubility compared to quercetin, rutin is able to associate in the active site of 3CLpro, interacting with the catalytic dyad (His41/Cys145). The overall results have implications in the drug-design of quercetin analogs, and possibly other antivirals, to target the catalytic site of the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Rizzuti
- CNR-NANOTEC, Licryl-UOS Cosenza and CEMIF.Cal, Department of Physics, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.J.-A.); (L.C.-L.); (D.O.-A.); (S.V.)
- Correspondence: (B.R.); (O.A.); (A.V.-C.)
| | - Fedora Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (F.G.); (F.C.)
| | - Filomena Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (F.G.); (F.C.)
| | - Ana Jimenez-Alesanco
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.J.-A.); (L.C.-L.); (D.O.-A.); (S.V.)
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Laura Ceballos-Laita
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.J.-A.); (L.C.-L.); (D.O.-A.); (S.V.)
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - David Ortega-Alarcon
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.J.-A.); (L.C.-L.); (D.O.-A.); (S.V.)
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sonia Vega
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.J.-A.); (L.C.-L.); (D.O.-A.); (S.V.)
| | - Hugh T. Reyburn
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Olga Abian
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.J.-A.); (L.C.-L.); (D.O.-A.); (S.V.)
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.R.); (O.A.); (A.V.-C.)
| | - Adrian Velazquez-Campoy
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.J.-A.); (L.C.-L.); (D.O.-A.); (S.V.)
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- ARAID Foundation, Government of Aragon, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.R.); (O.A.); (A.V.-C.)
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41
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Combating pancreatic cancer chemoresistance by triggering multiple cell death pathways. Pancreatology 2021; 21:522-529. [PMID: 33516629 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-associated death in western countries, where the incidence and number of deaths are increasing every year. Intrinsic or acquired resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy agents is the major reason for failure of traditional cancer treatment. Several factors are implicated in this impressive resistance; however, of these, it is important to highlight the extensive cellular heterogeneity of these tumors. This heterogeneity is linked to a wide range of sensitivity that different clones in the same tumor display to chemotherapeutic agents. Accordingly, recent findings in this field have discovered new therapeutic targets in order to develop new combinatory treatments, as well as to induce several cell death pathways and reduce therapy-threshold and likelihood of future resistance. Accordingly, recent research has focused on targeting mitochondria, an organelle with key roles regulating cell death signaling pathways, such as apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, or parthanatos. These findings - identifying new compounds, alone or in combination, that can target pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell resistance - could be the key to future treatments.
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42
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Biesaga M, Frigolé-Vivas M, Salvatella X. Intrinsically disordered proteins and biomolecular condensates as drug targets. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2021; 62:90-100. [PMID: 33812316 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered domains represent attractive therapeutic targets because they play key roles in cancer, as well as in neurodegenerative and infectious diseases. They are, however, considered undruggable because they do not form stable binding pockets for small molecules and, therefore, have not been prioritized in drug discovery. Under physiological solution conditions many biomedically relevant intrinsically disordered proteins undergo phase separation processes leading to the formation of mesoscopic highly dynamic assemblies, generally known as biomolecular condensates that define environments that can be quite different from the solutions surrounding them. In what follows, we review key recent findings in this area and show how biomolecular condensation can offer opportunities for modulating the activities of intrinsically disordered targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Biesaga
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Joint BSC-IRB Research Programme in Computational Biology, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Frigolé-Vivas
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Joint BSC-IRB Research Programme in Computational Biology, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Salvatella
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Joint BSC-IRB Research Programme in Computational Biology, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain.
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43
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Jiang L, Wang W, Li Z, Zhao Y, Qin Z. NUPR1 participates in YAP-mediate gastric cancer malignancy and drug resistance via AKT and p21 activation. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:740-748. [PMID: 33793788 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) level in human gastric cancer (GC) cells, explore the effects of NUPR1 on GC progression, and investigate the possible regulatory mechanism. METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoblot and quantitative PCR assays were conducted to detect the NUPR1 level in human GC tissues and corresponding normal tissues. Also, NUPR1 expression level correlates with clinical features of GC patients. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT), transwell assays, Immunoblot assays, and flow cytometry (FCM) assays were used to evaluate the effects of NUPR1 on the proliferation, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and apoptosis of GC cells in vitro. Immunoblot assays were performed to detect the potential mechanism in NUPR1-mediated drug resistance. KEY FINDINGS We found the expression of NUPR1 was upregulated in human gastric cancer tissues and correlated with the clinical features including tumour size, tumour stage and, lymph node metastasis. We further noticed that the depletion of NUPR1 inhibited the invasion and EMT of gastric cancer cells and stimulated the apoptosis. In doxorubicin-resistant gastric cancer cells, yes-associated protein (YAP) activation was up-regulated, and YAP could regulate the expression of NUPR1 to affect drug-resistance. We further provided the evidence that overexpression of NUPR1 reversed the effect of YAP knockdown on cell malignancy and drug resistance via regulating AKT and p21 pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated the involvement of NUPR1 in the progression of gastric cancer and elucidated its molecular mechanism in regulating drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jiang
- Acute Abdominal Surgery Ward, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital Dalian University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Acute Abdominal Surgery Ward, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital Dalian University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhanwu Li
- Acute Abdominal Surgery Ward, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital Dalian University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- General Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhensheng Qin
- General Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province, China
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44
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Santofimia-Castaño P, Rizzuti B, Pey AL, Fárez-Vidal ME, Iovanna JL, Neira JL. Intrinsically disordered protein NUPR1 binds to the armadillo-repeat domain of Plakophilin 1. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 170:549-560. [PMID: 33385445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plakophilin 1 (PKP1), a member of the armadillo repeat family of proteins, is a scaffold component of desmosomes, which are key structural components for cell-cell adhesion. However, PKP1 can be also found in the nucleus of several cells. NUPR1 is an intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) that localizes throughout the whole cell, and intervenes in the development and progression of several cancers. In this work, we studied the binding between PKP1 and NUPR1 by using several in vitro biophysical techniques and in cellulo approaches. The interaction occurred with an affinity in the low micromolar range (~10 μM), and involved the participation of at least one of the tryptophan residues of PKP1 (as shown by fluorescence and molecular docking). The binding region of NUPR1, mapped by NMR and molecular modelling, was a polypeptide patch at the 30s region of its sequence. The association between PKP1 and NUPR1 also occurred in cellulo and was localized in the nucleus, as tested by protein ligation assays (PLAs). We hypothesize that NUPR1 plays an active role in carcinogenesis modulating the function of PKP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Santofimia-Castaño
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Rizzuti
- CNR-NANOTEC, Licryl-UOS Cosenza and CEMIF.Cal, Department of Physics, University of Calabria, via P. Bucci, Cubo 31 C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Angel L Pey
- Departamento de Química Física, Unidad de Excelencia en Química aplicada a Biomedicina y Medio-Ambiente, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - María Esther Fárez-Vidal
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica IBS. Granada. Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan L Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France.
| | - José L Neira
- IDIBE, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain; Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos, Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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45
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Banford S, McCorvie TJ, Pey AL, Timson DJ. Galactosemia: Towards Pharmacological Chaperones. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11020106. [PMID: 33562227 PMCID: PMC7914515 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11020106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Galactosemia is a rare inherited metabolic disease resulting from mutations in the four genes which encode enzymes involved in the metabolism of galactose. The current therapy, the removal of galactose from the diet, is inadequate. Consequently, many patients suffer lifelong physical and cognitive disability. The phenotype varies from almost asymptomatic to life-threatening disability. The fundamental biochemical cause of the disease is a decrease in enzymatic activity due to failure of the affected protein to fold and/or function correctly. Many novel therapies have been proposed for the treatment of galactosemia. Often, these are designed to treat the symptoms and not the fundamental cause. Pharmacological chaperones (PC) (small molecules which correct the folding of misfolded proteins) represent an exciting potential therapy for galactosemia. In theory, they would restore enzyme function, thus preventing downstream pathological consequences. In practice, no PCs have been identified for potential application in galactosemia. Here, we review the biochemical basis of the disease, identify opportunities for the application of PCs and describe how these might be discovered. We will conclude by considering some of the clinical issues which will affect the future use of PCs in the treatment of galactosemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Banford
- South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust, Downpatrick BT30 6RL, UK;
| | - Thomas J. McCorvie
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK;
| | - Angel L. Pey
- Departamento de Química Física, Unidad de Excelencia de Química aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente e Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - David J. Timson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
- Correspondence:
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46
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Wang L, Sun J, Yin Y, Sun Y, Ma J, Zhou R, Chang X, Li D, Yao Z, Tian S, Zhang K, Liu Z, Ma Z. Transcriptional coregualtor NUPR1 maintains tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:149. [PMID: 33542201 PMCID: PMC7862277 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03442-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To support cellular homeostasis and mitigate chemotherapeutic stress, cancer cells must gain a series of adaptive intracellular processes. Here we identify that NUPR1, a tamoxifen (Tam)-induced transcriptional coregulator, is necessary for the maintenance of Tam resistance through physical interaction with ESR1 in breast cancers. Mechanistically, NUPR1 binds to the promoter regions of several genes involved in autophagy process and drug resistance such as BECN1, GREB1, RAB31, PGR, CYP1B1, and regulates their transcription. In Tam-resistant ESR1 breast cancer cells, NUPR1 depletion results in premature senescence in vitro and tumor suppression in vivo. Moreover, enforced-autophagic flux augments cytoplasmic vacuolization in NUPR1-depleted Tam resistant cells, which facilitates the transition from autophagic survival to premature senescence. Collectively, these findings suggest a critical role for NUPR1 as a transcriptional coregulator in enabling endocrine persistence of breast cancers, thus providing a vulnerable diagnostic and/or therapeutic target for endocrine resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/pharmacology
- Autophagy/drug effects
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Binding Sites
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cellular Senescence/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/antagonists & inhibitors
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/genetics
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- MCF-7 Cells
- Mice, SCID
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Tamoxifen/pharmacology
- Transcription, Genetic
- Transcriptome
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiashen Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yueyuan Yin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinyi Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruimin Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinzhong Chang
- Department of Breast Cancer, Breast Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ding Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi Yao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shanshan Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenyi Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Liu J, Song X, Kuang F, Zhang Q, Xie Y, Kang R, Kroemer G, Tang D. NUPR1 is a critical repressor of ferroptosis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:647. [PMID: 33510144 PMCID: PMC7843652 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-20904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of iron-dependent regulated cell death, representing an emerging disease-modulatory mechanism. Transcription factors play multiple roles in ferroptosis, although the key regulator for ferroptosis in iron metabolism remains elusive. Using NanoString technology, we identify NUPR1, a stress-inducible transcription factor, as a driver of ferroptosis resistance. Mechanistically, NUPR1-mediated LCN2 expression blocks ferroptotic cell death through diminishing iron accumulation and subsequent oxidative damage. Consequently, LCN2 depletion mimics NUPR1 deficiency with respect to ferroptosis induction, whereas transfection-enforced re-expression of LCN2 restores resistance to ferroptosis in NUPR1-deficient cells. Pharmacological or genetic blockade of the NUPR1-LCN2 pathway (using NUPR1 shRNA, LCN2 shRNA, pancreas-specific Lcn2 conditional knockout mice, or the small molecule ZZW-115) increases the activity of the ferroptosis inducer erastin and worsens pancreatitis, in suitable mouse models. These findings suggest a link between NUPR1-regulated iron metabolism and ferroptosis susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Guangzhou Medical University, 510600, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinxin Song
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Feimei Kuang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Guangzhou Medical University, 510600, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuhong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Yangchun Xie
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France.
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006, Paris, France.
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75006, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800, Villejuif, France.
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015, Paris, France.
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Daolin Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Guangzhou Medical University, 510600, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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48
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Abian O, Ortega-Alarcon D, Jimenez-Alesanco A, Ceballos-Laita L, Vega S, Reyburn HT, Rizzuti B, Velazquez-Campoy A. Structural stability of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro and identification of quercetin as an inhibitor by experimental screening. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:1693-1703. [PMID: 32745548 PMCID: PMC7395220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The global health emergency generated by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has prompted the search for preventive and therapeutic treatments for its pathogen, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There are many potential targets for drug discovery and development to tackle this disease. One of these targets is the main protease, Mpro or 3CLpro, which is highly conserved among coronaviruses. 3CLpro is an essential player in the viral replication cycle, processing the large viral polyproteins and rendering the individual proteins functional. We report a biophysical characterization of the structural stability and the catalytic activity of 3CLpro from SARS-CoV-2, from which a suitable experimental in vitro molecular screening procedure has been designed. By screening of a small chemical library consisting of about 150 compounds, the natural product quercetin was identified as reasonably potent inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro (Ki ~ 7 μM). Quercetin could be shown to interact with 3CLpro using biophysical techniques and bind to the active site in molecular simulations. Quercetin, with well-known pharmacokinetic and ADMET properties, can be considered as a good candidate for further optimization and development, or repositioned for COVID-19 therapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Abian
- Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área Temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - David Ortega-Alarcon
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Jimenez-Alesanco
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Laura Ceballos-Laita
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sonia Vega
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Hugh T Reyburn
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB), CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Rizzuti
- CNR-NANOTEC, Licryl-UOS Cosenza and CEMIF.Cal, Department of Physics, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Adrian Velazquez-Campoy
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área Temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Fundación ARAID, Gobierno de Aragón, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
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49
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Mansour SMA, Ali SA, Nofal S, Soror SH. Targeting NUPR1 for Cancer Treatment: A Risky Endeavor. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 20:768-778. [PMID: 32619170 DOI: 10.2174/1568009620666200703152523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
NUPR1 is a transcription factor that has attracted great attention because of its various roles in cancer. Several studies were carried out to determine its molecular targets and mechanism of action to develop novel therapies against cancer. Here, we shed light on the role of NUPR1 in different types of cancer. NUPR1 regulates a complex network of pathways that may be affected by its silencing, which can cause varying effects. Its role in some types of cancer has been reported but remains incompletely understood, whereas its roles in other types of cancers have not been reported yet. Therefore, targeting NUPR1 for cancer treatment remains challenging and risky.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma M A Mansour
- Egyptian Patent Office, Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), 101 Kaser Al-Ainy Street, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar A Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Helwan Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Shaira Nofal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Helwan Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Sameh H Soror
- Egyptian Patent Office, Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), 101 Kaser Al-Ainy Street, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Helwan Cairo 11795, Egypt
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50
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Neira JL, Rizzuti B, Jiménez-Alesanco A, Abián O, Velázquez-Campoy A, Iovanna JL. The Paralogue of the Intrinsically Disordered Nuclear Protein 1 Has a Nuclear Localization Sequence that Binds to Human Importin α3. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197428. [PMID: 33050086 PMCID: PMC7583046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous carrier proteins intervene in protein transport from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in eukaryotic cells. One of those is importin α, with several human isoforms; among them, importin α3 (Impα3) features a particularly high flexibility. The protein NUPR1L is an intrinsically disordered protein (IDP), evolved as a paralogue of nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1), which is involved in chromatin remodeling and DNA repair. It is predicted that NUPR1L has a nuclear localization sequence (NLS) from residues Arg51 to Gln74, in order to allow for nuclear translocation. We studied in this work the ability of intact NUPR1L to bind Impα3 and its depleted species, ∆Impα3, without the importin binding domain (IBB), using fluorescence, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), circular dichroism (CD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and molecular docking techniques. Furthermore, the binding of the peptide matching the isolated NLS region of NUPR1L (NLS-NUPR1L) was also studied using the same methods. Our results show that NUPR1L was bound to Imp α3 with a low micromolar affinity (~5 μM). Furthermore, a similar affinity value was observed for the binding of NLS-NUPR1L. These findings indicate that the NLS region, which was unfolded in isolation in solution, was essentially responsible for the binding of NUPR1L to both importin species. This result was also confirmed by our in silico modeling. The binding reaction of NLS-NUPR1L to ∆Impα3 showed a larger affinity (i.e., lower dissociation constant) compared with that of Impα3, confirming that the IBB could act as an auto-inhibition region of Impα3. Taken together, our findings pinpoint the theoretical predictions of the NLS region in NUPR1L and, more importantly, suggest that this IDP relies on an importin for its nuclear translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L. Neira
- IDIBE, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche (Alicante), Spain
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos, Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.J.-A.); (O.A.); (A.V.-C.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.N.); (J.L.I.); Tel.: +34-966-65-8475 (J.L.N.); +33(0)491-82-8803 (J.L.I.)
| | - Bruno Rizzuti
- CNR-NANOTEC, Licryl-UOS Cosenza and CEMIF.Cal, Department of Physics, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 31 C, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy;
| | - Ana Jiménez-Alesanco
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos, Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.J.-A.); (O.A.); (A.V.-C.)
| | - Olga Abián
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos, Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.J.-A.); (O.A.); (A.V.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área Temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Adrián Velázquez-Campoy
- Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos, Joint Units IQFR-CSIC-BIFI, and GBsC-CSIC-BIFI, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.J.-A.); (O.A.); (A.V.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área Temática de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Fundacion ARAID, Gobierno de Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juan L. Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France
- Correspondence: (J.L.N.); (J.L.I.); Tel.: +34-966-65-8475 (J.L.N.); +33(0)491-82-8803 (J.L.I.)
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