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Turuvekere Vittala Murthy N, Vlasova K, Renner J, Jozic A, Sahay G. A new era of targeting cystic fibrosis with non-viral delivery of genomic medicines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 209:115305. [PMID: 38626860 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a complex genetic respiratory disorder that necessitates innovative gene delivery strategies to address the mutations in the gene. This review delves into the promises and challenges of non-viral gene delivery for CF therapy and explores strategies to overcome these hurdles. Several emerging technologies and nucleic acid cargos for CF gene therapy are discussed. Novel formulation approaches including lipid and polymeric nanoparticles promise enhanced delivery through the CF mucus barrier, augmenting the potential of non-viral strategies. Additionally, safety considerations and regulatory perspectives play a crucial role in navigating the path toward clinical translation of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kseniia Vlasova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy at Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Jonas Renner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy at Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Antony Jozic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy at Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Gaurav Sahay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy at Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Robertson Life Sciences Building, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
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2
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Moussavi-Harami SF, Cleary SJ, Magnen M, Seo Y, Conrad C, English BC, Qiu L, Wang KM, Abram CL, Lowell CA, Looney MR. Loss of neutrophil Shp1 produces hemorrhagic and lethal acute lung injury. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.23.595575. [PMID: 38854059 PMCID: PMC11160570 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.23.595575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and neutrophils are critical to its pathogenesis. Neutrophil activation is closely regulated by inhibitory tyrosine phosphatases including Src homology region 2 domain containing phosphatase-1 (Shp1). Here, we report that loss of neutrophil Shp1 in mice produced hyperinflammation and lethal pulmonary hemorrhage in sterile inflammation and pathogen-induced models of acute lung injury (ALI) through a Syk kinase-dependent mechanism. We observed large intravascular neutrophil clusters, perivascular inflammation, and excessive neutrophil extracellular traps in neutrophil-specific Shp1 knockout mice suggesting an underlying mechanism for the observed pulmonary hemorrhage. Targeted immunomodulation through the administration of a Shp1 activator (SC43) reduced agonist-induced reactive oxygen species in vitro and ameliorated ALI-induced alveolar neutrophilia and NETs in vivo. We propose that the pharmacologic activation of Shp1 has the potential to fine-tune neutrophil hyperinflammation that is central to the pathogenesis of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Moussavi-Harami
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - S J Cleary
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | - M Magnen
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Y Seo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | - C Conrad
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | - B C English
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California, San Francisco
- CoLabs, University of California, San Francisco
| | - L Qiu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | - K M Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | - C L Abram
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | - C A Lowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
| | - M R Looney
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
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3
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Colombo C, Lanfranchi C, Tosetti G, Corti F, Primignani M. Management of liver disease and portal hypertension in cystic fibrosis: a review. Expert Rev Respir Med 2024; 18:269-281. [PMID: 38962827 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2024.2365842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cystic fibrosis (CF)-associated liver disease can significantly affect the quality of life and survival of people with CF. The hepatobiliary manifestations in CF are various, with focal/multilobular biliary cirrhosis more common in children and porto-sinusoidal vascular disease (PSVD) in young adults. Portal hypertensive complications, particularly bleeding from esophagogastric varices and hypersplenism are common, while liver failure is rarer and mainly linked to biliary disease. AREAS COVERED This review explores current therapeutic options for CF-associated liver disease, presenting ongoing studies and new insights into parthenogenesis for potential future therapies. EXPERT OPINION Monitoring for signs of portal hypertension is essential. Limited evidence supports ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) efficacy in halting CF liver disease progression. The effect of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators on liver outcomes lacks definitive data, since patients with CF-related liver disease were excluded from trials due to potential hepatotoxicity. A proposed approach involves using UDCA and modulators in early stages, along with anti-inflammatory agents, with further therapeutic strategies awaiting randomized trials. Prevention of portal hypertensive bleeding includes endoscopic sclerotherapy or ligation of esophageal varices. Nonselective beta-blockers may also prevent bleeding and could be cautiously implemented. Other non-etiological treatments require investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Colombo
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Lanfranchi
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Tosetti
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabiola Corti
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Primignani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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4
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Rano S, Bhaduri A, Singh M. Nanoparticle-based platforms for targeted drug delivery to the pulmonary system as therapeutics to curb cystic fibrosis: A review. J Microbiol Methods 2024; 217-218:106876. [PMID: 38135160 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2023.106876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder of the respiratory system caused by mutation of the Cystic Fibrosis Trans-Membrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene that affects a huge number of people worldwide. It results in difficulty breathing due to a large accumulation of mucus in the respiratory tract, resulting in serious bacterial infections, and subsequent death. Traditional drug-based treatments face hindered penetration at the site of action due to the thick mucus layer. Nanotechnology offers possibilities for developing advanced and effective treatment platforms by focusing on drugs that can penetrate the dense mucus layer, fighting against the underlying bacterial infections, and targeting the genetic cause of the disease. In this review, current nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery platforms for CF, challenges in therapeutics, and future prospects have been highlighted. The effectiveness of the different types of nano-based systems conjugated with various drugs to combat the symptoms and the challenges of treating CF are brought into focus. The toxic effects of these nano-medicines and the various factors that are responsible for their effectiveness are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Rano
- Department of Biotechnology, Haldia Institute of Technology, HIT Campus, Purba Medinipur, Haldia 721657, West Bengal, India; In-vitro Biology, Aragen Life Sciences, Hyderabad 500076, Telangana, India
| | - Ahana Bhaduri
- Department of Biotechnology, Haldia Institute of Technology, HIT Campus, Purba Medinipur, Haldia 721657, West Bengal, India
| | - Mukesh Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Haldia Institute of Technology, HIT Campus, Purba Medinipur, Haldia 721657, West Bengal, India; Department of Botany, Kabi Nazrul College, Murarai, Birbhum 731219 (West Bengal), India.
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5
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Mongkolpathumrat P, Pikwong F, Phutiyothin C, Srisopar O, Chouyratchakarn W, Unnajak S, Nernpermpisooth N, Kumphune S. The secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) in pathophysiology of non-communicable diseases: Evidence from experimental studies to clinical applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24550. [PMID: 38312697 PMCID: PMC10835312 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a worldwide health issue because of their prevalence, negative impacts on human welfare, and economic costs. Protease enzymes play important roles in viral and NCD diseases. Slowing disease progression by inhibiting proteases using small-molecule inhibitors or endogenous inhibitory peptides appears to be crucial. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), an inflammatory serine protease inhibitor, maintains protease/antiprotease balance. SLPI is produced by host defense effector cells during inflammation to prevent proteolytic enzyme-induced tissue damage. The etiology of noncommunicable illnesses is linked to SLPI's immunomodulatory and tissue regeneration roles. Disease phases are associated with SLPI levels and activity changes in regional tissue and circulation. SLPI has been extensively evaluated in inflammation, but rarely in NCDs. Unfortunately, the thorough evaluation of SLPI's pathophysiological functions in NCDs in multiple research models has not been published elsewhere. In this review, data from PubMed from 2014 to 2023 was collected, analysed, and categorized into in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. According to the review, serine protease inhibitor (SLPI) activity control is linked to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and other illnesses. Overexpression of the SLPI gene and protein may be a viable diagnostic and therapeutic target for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). SLPI is also cytoprotective, making it a unique treatment. These findings suggest that future research should focus on these pathways using advanced methods, reliable biomarkers, and therapy approaches to assess susceptibility and illness progression. Implications from this review will help pave the way for a new therapeutic target and diagnosis marker for non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Podsawee Mongkolpathumrat
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Technology Program, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine (CICM), Thammasat University (Rangsit Center), Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Faprathan Pikwong
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Chayanisa Phutiyothin
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Onnicha Srisopar
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Wannapat Chouyratchakarn
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Sasimanas Unnajak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
| | - Nitirut Nernpermpisooth
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000 Thailand
| | - Sarawut Kumphune
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
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Khan SU, Khan SU, Suleman M, Khan MU, Alsuhaibani AM, Refat MS, Hussain T, Ud Din MA, Saeed S. The Multifunctional TRPC6 Protein: Significance in the Field of Cardiovascular Studies. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102112. [PMID: 37774899 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death, medical complications, and healthcare costs. Although recent advances have been in treating cardiovascular disorders linked with a reduced ejection fraction, acutely decompensate cardiac failure remains a significant medical problem. The transient receptor potential cation channel (TRPC6) family responds to neurohormonal and mechanical stress, playing critical roles in cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, TRP C6 channels have great promise as therapeutic targets. Numerous studies have investigated the roles of TRP C6 channels in pain neurons, highlighting their significance in cardiovascular research. The TRPC6 protein exhibits a broad distribution in various organs and tissues, including the brain, nerves, heart, blood vessels, lungs, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and other bodily structures. Its activation can be triggered by alterations in osmotic pressure, mechanical stimulation, and diacylglycerol. Consequently, TRPC6 plays a significant role in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying diverse diseases within living organisms. A recent study has indicated a strong correlation between the disorder known as TRPC6 and the development of cardiovascular diseases. Consequently, investigations into the association between TRPC6 and cardiovascular diseases have gained significant attention in the scientific community. This review explores the most recent developments in the recognition and characterization of TRPC6. Additionally, it considers the field's prospects while examining how TRPC6 might be altered and its clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safir Ullah Khan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Shahid Ullah Khan
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Department of Biochemistry, Women Medical and Dental College, Khyber Medical University, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Suleman
- Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan
| | - Munir Ullah Khan
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Amnah Mohammed Alsuhaibani
- Department of Physical Sport Science, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moamen S Refat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talib Hussain
- Women Dental College, Khyber Medical University, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Azhar Ud Din
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Sumbul Saeed
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
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7
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‘t Hart DC, van der Vlag J, Nijenhuis T. A Putative Role for TRPC6 in Immune-Mediated Kidney Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16419. [PMID: 38003608 PMCID: PMC10671681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive activation of the immune system is the cause of a wide variety of renal diseases. However, the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the aberrant activation of the immune system in the kidneys often remain unknown. TRPC6, a member of the Ca2+-permeant family of TRPC channels, is important in glomerular epithelial cells or podocytes for the process of glomerular filtration. In addition, TRPC6 plays a crucial role in the development of kidney injuries by inducing podocyte injury. However, an increasing number of studies suggest that TRPC6 is also responsible for tightly regulating the immune cell functions. It remains elusive whether the role of TRPC6 in the immune system and the pathogenesis of renal inflammation are intertwined. In this review, we present an overview of the current knowledge of how TRPC6 coordinates the immune cell functions and propose the hypothesis that TRPC6 might play a pivotal role in the development of kidney injury via its role in the immune system.
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8
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VanElzakker MB, Tillman EM, Yonker LM, Ratai EM, Georgiopoulos AM. Neuropsychiatric adverse effects from CFTR modulators deserve a serious research effort. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2023; 29:603-609. [PMID: 37655981 PMCID: PMC10552811 DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0000000000001014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review highlights the problem of neuropsychiatric adverse effects (AEs) associated with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI), current suboptimal mitigation approaches, a novel testable mechanistic hypothesis, and potential solutions requiring further research. RECENT FINDINGS Studies show that a minority of persons with cystic fibrosis (PwCF) initiating cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators experience neuropsychiatric AEs including worsening mood, cognition, anxiety, sleep, and suicidality. The GABA-A receptor is a ligand-gated chloride channel, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy neuroimaging studies have shown that reduced GABA expression in rostral anterior cingulate cortex is associated with anxiety and depression. Recent research details the impact of peripheral inflammation and the gut-brain axis on central neuroinflammation. Plasma ETI concentrations and sweat chloride have been evaluated in small studies of neuropsychiatric AEs but not validated to guide dose titration or correlated with pharmacogenomic variants or safety/efficacy. SUMMARY Although ETI is well tolerated by most PwCF, some experience debilitating neuropsychiatric AEs. In some cases, these AEs may be driven by modulation of CFTR and chloride transport within the brain. Understanding biological mechanisms is a critical next step in identifying which PwCF are likely to experience AEs, and in developing evidence-based strategies to mitigate them, while retaining modulator efficacy.
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9
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Seo Y, Qiu L, Magnen M, Conrad C, Moussavi-Harami SF, Looney MR, Cleary SJ. Optimizing anesthesia and delivery approaches for dosing into lungs of mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L262-L269. [PMID: 37401383 PMCID: PMC10625824 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00046.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbes, toxins, therapeutics, and cells are often instilled into lungs of mice to model diseases and test experimental interventions. Consistent pulmonary delivery is critical for experimental power and reproducibility, but we observed variation in outcomes between handlers using different anesthetic approaches for intranasal dosing in mice. We therefore used a radiotracer to quantify lung delivery after intranasal dosing under inhalational (isoflurane) versus injectable (ketamine/xylazine) anesthesia in C57BL/6 mice. We found that ketamine/xylazine anesthesia resulted in delivery of a greater proportion (52 ± 9%) of an intranasal dose to lungs relative to isoflurane anesthesia (30 ± 15%). This difference in pulmonary dose delivery altered key outcomes in models of viral and bacterial pneumonia, with mice anesthetized with ketamine/xylazine for intranasal infection with influenza A virus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa developing more robust lung inflammation responses relative to control animals randomized to isoflurane anesthesia. Pulmonary dosing efficiency through oropharyngeal aspiration was not affected by anesthetic method and resulted in delivery of 63 ± 8% of dose to lungs, and a nonsurgical intratracheal dosing approach further increased lung delivery to 92 ± 6% of dose. The use of either of these more precise dosing methods yielded greater experimental power in the bacterial pneumonia model relative to intranasal infection. Both anesthetic approach and dosing route can impact pulmonary dosing efficiency. These factors affect experimental power and so should be considered when planning and reporting studies involving delivery of fluids to lungs of mice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Many lung research studies involve dosing fluids into lungs of mice. In this study, the authors measure lung deposition using intranasal (i.n.), oropharyngeal aspiration (o.a.), and intratracheal (i.t.) dosing methods in mice. Anesthetic approach and administration route were found to affect pulmonary dosing efficiency. The authors demonstrate that refinements to dosing techniques can enable reductions in the number of animals needed for bacterial and viral pneumonia studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurim Seo
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Longhui Qiu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Mélia Magnen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Catharina Conrad
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States
| | | | - Mark R Looney
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Simon J Cleary
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States
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10
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Schmidt H, Höpfer LM, Wohlgemuth L, Knapp CL, Mohamed AOK, Stukan L, Münnich F, Hüsken D, Koller AS, Stratmann AEP, Müller P, Braun CK, Fabricius D, Bode SFN, Huber-Lang M, Messerer DAC. Multimodal analysis of granulocytes, monocytes, and platelets in patients with cystic fibrosis before and after Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor treatment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1180282. [PMID: 37457734 PMCID: PMC10347380 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1180282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a monogenetic disease caused by an impairment of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). CF affects multiple organs and is associated with acute and chronic inflammation. In 2020, Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor (ETI) was approved to enhance and restore the remaining CFTR functionality. This study investigates cellular innate immunity, with a focus on neutrophil activation and phenotype, comparing healthy volunteers with patients with CF before (T1, n = 13) and after six months (T2, n = 11) of ETI treatment. ETI treatment reduced sweat chloride (T1: 95 mmol/l (83|108) vs. T2: 32 mmol/l (25|62), p < 0.01, median, first|third quartile) and significantly improved pulmonal function (FEV1 T1: 2.66 l (1.92|3.04) vs. T2: 3.69 l (3.00|4.03), p < 0.01). Moreover, there was a significant decrease in the biomarker human epididymis protein 4 (T1: 6.2 ng/ml (4.6|6.3) vs. T2: 3.0 ng/ml (2.2|3.7), p < 0.01) and a small but significant decrease in matrix metallopeptidase 9 (T1: 45.5 ng/ml (32.5|140.1) vs. T2: 28.2 ng/ml (18.2|33.6), p < 0.05). Neutrophil phenotype (CD10, CD11b, CD62L, and CD66b) and function (radical oxygen species generation, chemotactic and phagocytic activity) remained largely unaffected by ETI treatment. Likewise, monocyte phenotype and markers of platelet activation were similar at T1 and T2. In summary, the present study confirmed a positive impact on patients with CF after ETI treatment. However, neither beneficial nor harmful effects of ETI treatment on cellular innate immunity could be detected, possibly due to the study population consisting of patients with well-controlled CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Schmidt
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Larissa Melina Höpfer
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lisa Wohlgemuth
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christiane Leonie Knapp
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Laura Stukan
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frederik Münnich
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dominik Hüsken
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | - Paul Müller
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Karl Braun
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service and University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dorit Fabricius
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Markus Huber-Lang
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - David Alexander Christian Messerer
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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11
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Asmus E, Karle W, Brack MC, Wittig C, Behrens F, Reinshagen L, Pfeiffer M, Schulz S, Mandzimba-Maloko B, Erfinanda L, Perret PL, Michalick L, Smeele PJ, Lim EHT, van den Brom CE, Vonk ABA, Kaiser T, Suttorp N, Hippenstiel S, Sander LE, Kurth F, Rauch U, Landmesser U, Haghikia A, Preissner R, Bogaard HJ, Witzenrath M, Kuebler WM, Szulcek R, Simmons S. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators attenuate platelet activation and aggregation in blood of healthy donors and COVID-19 patients. Eur Respir J 2023; 61:13993003.02009-2022. [PMID: 36958745 PMCID: PMC10033930 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02009-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Asmus
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Weronika Karle
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus C Brack
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Division of Pulmonary Inflammation, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Corey Wittig
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Behrens
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Leander Reinshagen
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Pfeiffer
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabrina Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bertina Mandzimba-Maloko
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lasti Erfinanda
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul L Perret
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Michalick
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick J Smeele
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Endry H T Lim
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charissa E van den Brom
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander B A Vonk
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Toralf Kaiser
- German Rheumatism Research Centre Berlin (DRFZ) - Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Suttorp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Hippenstiel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leif E Sander
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Kurth
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ursula Rauch
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arash Haghikia
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Preissner
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Science-IT, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Harm J Bogaard
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Witzenrath
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Division of Pulmonary Inflammation, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at St. Michael's, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Departments of Surgery and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Robert Szulcek
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- German Heart Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Szandor Simmons
- Institute of Physiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- These authors contributed equally to this work
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12
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Tan Y, Lu W, Yi X, Cai H, Yuan Y, Zhang S. Improvement of platelet preservation by inhibition of TRPC6. Transfus Med 2023. [PMID: 36746770 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The preservation of platelets (PLTs) by room temperature (RT) oscillation limits their shelf life to between 4 and 7 days because of the decrease in PLT function. TRPC6 is a non-selective mechanically sensitive cation channel that has been shown to mediate Ca2+ signalling, implying a role in PLT activation during preservation by RT oscillation. OBJECTIVES This study was designed to investigate whether inhibition of TRPC6 can improve the RT preservation of PLTs and the possible underlying mechanism. METHODS Human PLTs from whole blood were stored at 22 ± 2°C with oscillation in plasma or M-sol (mixture of solutions). BI-749327, a specific TRPC6 inhibitor, was administered throughout the preservation period. PLT distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), maximum platelet aggregation rate (MAR) and average aggregation rate (AAR) were measured. The MTT method was used to assess the relative viability of PLTs. Flow cytometry was used to measure the changes of Ca2+ concentration in PLTs and phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure on the PLT surface, and western blotting was used to assess the expression changes of platelet TRPC6 and CD62P proteins. RESULTS Compared with the control group, inhibition of TRPC6 with BI-749327 significantly reduced the PDW, MPV and Ca2+ concentration, the MAR and AAR were significantly increased, the expression of TRPC6 and CD62P protein was significantly down-regulated in PLTs, and the PS exposure was significantly reduced on the PLT surface. However, these effects were all reversed by activation of TRPC6. CONCLUSION Inhibition of TRPC6 improves the quality of PLT preservation by inhibiting the Ca2+ signal mediated by TRPC6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjia Tan
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Office, The Blood Bank Center of Yichang City, Yichang, China
| | - Xiaomei Yi
- Office, The Blood Bank Center of Yichang City, Yichang, China
| | - Huili Cai
- Department of Hematology, Yichang Central People' Hospital, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yurong Yuan
- Office, The Blood Bank Center of Yichang City, Yichang, China
| | - Shizhong Zhang
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
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13
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Erfinanda L, Zou L, Gutbier B, Kneller L, Weidenfeld S, Michalick L, Lei D, Reppe K, Teixeira Alves LG, Schneider B, Zhang Q, Li C, Fatykhova D, Schneider P, Liedtke W, Sohara E, Mitchell TJ, Gruber AD, Hocke A, Hippenstiel S, Suttorp N, Olschewski A, Mall MA, Witzenrath M, Kuebler WM. Loss of endothelial CFTR drives barrier failure and edema formation in lung infection and can be targeted by CFTR potentiation. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabg8577. [PMID: 36475904 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abg8577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pneumonia is the most common cause of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Here, we identified loss of endothelial cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) as an important pathomechanism leading to lung barrier failure in pneumonia-induced ARDS. CFTR was down-regulated after Streptococcus pneumoniae infection ex vivo or in vivo in human or murine lung tissue, respectively. Analysis of isolated perfused rat lungs revealed that CFTR inhibition increased endothelial permeability in parallel with intracellular chloride ion and calcium ion concentrations ([Cl-]i and [Ca2+]i). Inhibition of the chloride ion-sensitive with-no-lysine kinase 1 (WNK1) protein with tyrphostin 47 or WNK463 replicated the effect of CFTR inhibition on endothelial permeability and endothelial [Ca2+]i, whereas WNK1 activation by temozolomide attenuated it. Endothelial [Ca2+]i transients and permeability in response to inhibition of either CFTR or WNK1 were prevented by inhibition of the cation channel transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4). Mice deficient in Trpv4 (Trpv4-/-) developed less lung edema and protein leak than their wild-type littermates after infection with S. pneumoniae. The CFTR potentiator ivacaftor prevented lung CFTR loss, edema, and protein leak after S. pneumoniae infection in wild-type mice. In conclusion, lung infection caused loss of CFTR that promoted lung edema formation through intracellular chloride ion accumulation, inhibition of WNK1, and subsequent disinhibition of TRPV4, resulting in endothelial calcium ion influx and vascular barrier failure. Ivacaftor prevented CFTR loss in the lungs of mice with pneumonia and may, therefore, represent a possible therapeutic strategy in people suffering from ARDS due to severe pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasti Erfinanda
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lin Zou
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,German Heart Center, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, 200135 Shanghai, China
| | - Birgitt Gutbier
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Kneller
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Weidenfeld
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Michalick
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Disi Lei
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,German Heart Center, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Reppe
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Luiz Gustavo Teixeira Alves
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bill Schneider
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Qi Zhang
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Caihong Li
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Diana Fatykhova
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Schneider
- Department for General and Thoracic Surgery, DRK Clinics, 13359 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Liedtke
- Departments of Neurology, Neurobiology, and Clinics for Pain and Palliative Care, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Eisei Sohara
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Timothy J Mitchell
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15-2TT, UK
| | - Achim D Gruber
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Hocke
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner site, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Hippenstiel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner site, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Suttorp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner site, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Olschewski
- Experimental Anaesthesiology, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Marcus A Mall
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner site, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Witzenrath
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner site, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), associated partner site, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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14
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Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) pathophysiology is hallmarked by excessive inflammation and the inability to resolve lung infections, contributing to morbidity and eventually mortality. Paradoxically, despite a robust inflammatory response, CF lungs fail to clear bacteria and are susceptible to chronic infections. Impaired mucociliary transport plays a critical role in chronic infection but the immune mechanisms contributing to the adaptation of bacteria to the lung microenvironment is not clear. CFTR modulator therapy has advanced CF life expectancy opening up the need to understand changes in immunity as CF patients age. Here, we have summarized the current understanding of immune dysregulation in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela M Bruscia
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pulmonology, Allergy, Immunology and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Tracey L Bonfield
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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15
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Caverly LJ, Riquelme SA, Hisert KB. The Impact of Highly Effective Modulator Therapy on Cystic Fibrosis Microbiology and Inflammation. Clin Chest Med 2022; 43:647-665. [PMID: 36344072 PMCID: PMC10224747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Highly effective cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator therapy (HEMT) corrects the underlying molecular defect causing CF disease. HEMT decreases symptom burden and improves clinical metrics and quality of life for most people with CF (PwCF) and eligible cftr mutations. Improvements in measures of pulmonary health suggest that restoration of function of defective CFTR anion channels by HEMT not only enhances airway mucociliary clearance, but also reduces chronic pulmonary infection and inflammation. This article reviews the evidence for how HEMT influences the dynamic and interdependent processes of infection and inflammation in the CF airway, and what questions remain unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay J Caverly
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, L2221 UH South, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5212, USA
| | - Sebastián A Riquelme
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, Columbia University Medical Center, 650West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Katherine B Hisert
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Smith A550, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80205, USA.
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16
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Yang HY, Zhang C, Hu L, Liu C, Pan N, Li M, Han H, Zhou Y, Li J, Zhao LY, Liu YS, Luo BZ, Huang XQ, Lv XF, Li ZC, Li J, Li ZH, Wang RM, Wang L, Guan YY, Liu CZ, Zhang B, Wang GL. Platelet CFTR inhibition enhances arterial thrombosis via increasing intracellular Cl - concentration and activation of SGK1 signaling pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2596-2608. [PMID: 35241769 PMCID: PMC9525590 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00868-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet hyperactivity is essential for thrombus formation in coronary artery diseases (CAD). Dysfunction of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in patients with cystic fibrosis elevates intracellular Cl- levels ([Cl-]i) and enhanced platelet hyperactivity. In this study, we explored whether alteration of [Cl-]i has a pathological role in regulating platelet hyperactivity and arterial thrombosis formation. CFTR expression was significantly decreased, while [Cl-]i was increased in platelets from CAD patients. In a FeCl3-induced mouse mesenteric arteriole thrombosis model, platelet-specific Cftr-knockout and/or pre-administration of ion channel inhibitor CFTRinh-172 increased platelet [Cl-]i, which accelerated thrombus formation, enhanced platelet aggregation and ATP release, and increased P2Y12 and PAR4 expression in platelets. Conversely, Cftr-overexpressing platelets resulted in subnormal [Cl-]i, thereby decreasing thrombosis formation. Our results showed that clamping [Cl-]i at high levels or Cftr deficiency-induced [Cl-]i increasement dramatically augmented phosphorylation (Ser422) of serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase (SGK1), subsequently upregulated P2Y12 and PAR4 expression via NF-κB signaling. Constitutively active mutant S422D SGK1 markedly increased P2Y12 and PAR4 expression. The specific SGK1 inhibitor GSK-650394 decreased platelet aggregation in wildtype and platelet-specific Cftr knockout mice, and platelet SGK1 phosphorylation was observed in line with increased [Cl-]i and decreased CFTR expression in CAD patients. Co-transfection of S422D SGK1 and adenovirus-induced CFTR overexpression in MEG-01 cells restored platelet activation signaling cascade. Our results suggest that [Cl-]i is a novel positive regulator of platelet activation and arterial thrombus formation via the activation of a [Cl-]i-sensitive SGK1 signaling pathway. Therefore, [Cl-]i in platelets is a novel potential biomarker for platelet hyperactivity, and CFTR may be a potential therapeutic target for platelet activation in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ni Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center affiliated to Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Mei Li
- VIP Healthcare Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Li-Yan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yao-Sheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bing-Zheng Luo
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiong-Qing Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zi-Cheng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ruo-Mei Wang
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Li Wang
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yong-Yuan Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Can-Zhao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Guan-Lei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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17
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Meyerholz DK, Leidinger MR, Goeken JA, Businga TR, Akers A, Vizuett S, Kaemmer CA, Kohlmeyer JL, Dodd RD, Quelle DE. Utility of CD138/syndecan-1 immunohistochemistry for localization of plasmacytes is tissue-dependent in B6 mice. BMC Res Notes 2022; 15:219. [PMID: 35752869 PMCID: PMC9233769 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-022-06100-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Inflammation is present in many diseases and identification of immune cell infiltration is a common assessment. CD138 (syndecan-1) is a recommended immunohistochemical marker for human plasmacytes although it is also expressed in various epithelia and tumors. Similarly, CD138 is a marker for murine plasmacytes, but its tissue immunostaining is not well-defined. Endogenous CD138 expression is an important confounding factor when evaluating plasmacyte infiltration. We studied two plasmacyte markers (CD138 and Kappa light chains) for endogenous immunostaining in five organs and one tumor from B6 mice. Results Plasmacytes in Peyer’s patches were positive for CD138 and Kappa markers without endogenous immunostaining. Endogenous CD138 immunostaining was widespread in liver, kidney, lung and a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) versus regionalized immunostaining in skin and small intestine wall. Endogenous Kappa immunostaining was absent in all tissues except for plasmacytes. Tissues with widespread endogenous CD138 immunostaining were contrasted by absence of endogenous Kappa immunostaining. Here, plasmacytes would not be distinguished by CD138, but would be obvious by Kappa immunostaining. Our study suggests that utility of immunostaining for plasmacytes by CD138 is tissue dependent in mice. Additionally, Kappa immunostaining may be a useful alternative in mouse tissues with confounding endogenous CD138 immunostaining.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J Adam Goeken
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Allison Akers
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Courtney A Kaemmer
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Rebecca D Dodd
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Dawn E Quelle
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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18
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Boekell KL, Brown BJ, Talbot BE, Schlondorff JS. Trpc6 gain-of-function disease mutation enhances phosphatidylserine exposure in murine platelets. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270431. [PMID: 35749414 PMCID: PMC9231752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets enhance coagulation by exposing phosphatidylserine (PS) on their cell surface in response to strong agonist activation. Transient receptor potential channels, including TRPC6, have been implicated in the calcium influx central to this process. Here, we characterize the effect of a Trpc6 gain-of-function (GOF) disease-associated, and a dominant negative (DN), mutation on murine platelet activation. Platelets from mice harboring Trpc6E896K/E896K (GOF) and Trpc6DN/DN mutations were subject to in vitro analysis. Trpc6E896K/E896K and Trpc6DN/DN mutant platelets show enhanced and absent calcium influx, respectively, upon addition of the TRPC3/6 agonist GSK1702934A (GSK). GSK was sufficient to induce integrin αIIbβ3 activation, P-selection and PS exposure, talin cleavage, and MLC2 phosphorylation in Trpc6E896K/E896K, but not in wild-type, platelets. Thrombin-induced calcium influx and PS exposure were enhanced, and clot retraction delayed, by GOF TRPC6, while no differences were noted between wild-type and Trpc6DN/DN platelets. In contrast, Erk activation upon GSK treatment was absent in Trpc6DN/DN, and enhanced in Trpc6E896K/E896K, platelets, compared to wild-type. The positive allosteric modulator, TRPC6-PAM-C20, and fluoxetine maintained their ability to enhance and inhibit, respectively, GSK-mediated calcium influx in Trpc6E896K/E896K platelets. The data demonstrate that gain-of-function mutant TRPC6 channel can enhance platelet activation, including PS exposure, while confirming that TRPC6 is not necessary for this process. Furthermore, the results suggest that Trpc6 GOF disease mutants do not simply increase wild-type TRPC6 responses, but can affect pathways not usually modulated by TRPC6 channel activity, displaying a true gain-of-function phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimber L. Boekell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Brittney J. Brown
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Brianna E. Talbot
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Johannes S. Schlondorff
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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19
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Duan Z, Zhang J, Chen X, Liu M, Zhao H, Jin L, Zhang Z, Luan N, Meng P, Wang J, Tan Z, Li Y, Deng G, Lai R. Role of LL-37 in thrombotic complications in patients with COVID-19. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:309. [PMID: 35596804 PMCID: PMC9123294 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04309-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Blood clot formation induced by dysfunctional coagulation is a frequent complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and a high-risk factor for severe illness and death. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are implicated in COVID-19-induced immunothrombosis. Furthermore, human cathelicidin, a NET component, can perturb the interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and its ACE2 receptor, which mediates viral entry into cells. At present, however, the levels of cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides after SARS-CoV-2 infection and their role in COVID-19 thrombosis formation remain unclear. In the current study, we analyzed coagulation function and found a decrease in thrombin time but an increase in fibrinogen level, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time in COVID-19 patients. In addition, the cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL-37 was upregulated by the spike protein and significantly elevated in the plasma of patients. Furthermore, LL-37 levels were negatively correlated with thrombin time but positively correlated with fibrinogen level. In addition to platelet activation, cathelicidin peptides enhanced the activity of coagulation factors, such as factor Xa (FXa) and thrombin, which may induce hypercoagulation in diseases with high cathelicidin peptide levels. Injection of cathelicidin peptides promoted the formation of thrombosis, whereas deletion of cathelicidin inhibited thrombosis in vivo. These results suggest that cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is elevated during SARS-CoV-2 infection, which may induce hypercoagulation in COVID-19 patients by activating coagulation factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilei Duan
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Sino-African Joint Research Center, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University, 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Sino-African Joint Research Center, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Sino-African Joint Research Center, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Hongwen Zhao
- Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University, 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Sino-African Joint Research Center, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhiye Zhang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Sino-African Joint Research Center, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Ning Luan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Sino-African Joint Research Center, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Ping Meng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650041, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Public Health Hospital of Southwest University, 109 Baoyu Rd. Shapingba, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhaoxia Tan
- Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University, 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yaxiong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650041, Yunnan, China.
| | - Guohong Deng
- Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University, 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Ren Lai
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511458, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Sino-African Joint Research Center, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, 650223, Yunnan, China.
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20
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Kam JY, Wright K, Britton WJ, Oehlers SH. Treatment of infection-induced vascular pathologies is protective against persistent rough morphotype Mycobacterium abscessus infection in zebrafish. Microb Pathog 2022; 167:105590. [PMID: 35588967 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus infections are of increasing global prevalence and are often difficult to treat due to complex antibiotic resistance profiles. While there are similarities between the pathogenesis of M. abscessus and tuberculous mycobacteria, including granuloma formation and stromal remodelling, there are distinct molecular differences at the host-pathogen interface. Here we have used a zebrafish-M. abscessus model and host-directed therapies that were previously identified in the zebrafish-M. marinum model to identify potential host-directed therapies against M. abscessus infection. We find efficacy of anti-angiogenic and vascular normalizing therapies against rough M. abscessus infection, but no effect of anti-platelet drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Y Kam
- Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Kathryn Wright
- Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Warwick J Britton
- Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia; Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Stefan H Oehlers
- Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia; The University of Sydney, Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia; A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138648, Singapore.
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21
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Cystic fibrosis-related liver disease: Clinical presentations, diagnostic and monitoring approaches in the era of CFTR modulator therapies. J Hepatol 2022; 76:420-434. [PMID: 34678405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common autosomal recessive disease in the Caucasian population. Cystic fibrosis-related liver disease (CFLD) is defined as the pathogenesis related to the underlying CFTR defect in biliary epithelial cells. CFLD needs to be distinguished from other liver manifestations that may not have any pathological significance. The clinical/histological presentation and severity of CFLD vary. The main histological presentation of CFLD is focal biliary fibrosis, which is usually asymptomatic. Portal hypertension develops in a minority of cases (about 10%) and may require specific management including liver transplantation for end-stage liver disease. Portal hypertension is usually the result of the progression of focal biliary fibrosis to multilobular cirrhosis during childhood. Nevertheless, non-cirrhotic portal hypertension as a result of porto-sinusoidal vascular disease is now identified increasingly more frequently, mainly in young adults. To evaluate the effect of new CFTR modulator therapies on the liver, the spectrum of hepatobiliary involvement must first be precisely classified. This paper discusses the phenotypic features of CFLD, its underlying physiopathology and relevant diagnostic and follow-up approaches, with a special focus on imaging.
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22
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Uhl FE, Vanherle L, Matthes F, Meissner A. Therapeutic CFTR Correction Normalizes Systemic and Lung-Specific S1P Level Alterations Associated with Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:866. [PMID: 35055052 PMCID: PMC8777932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is among the main causes of death worldwide. Alterations of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling have been linked to HF as well as to target organ damage that is often associated with HF. S1P's availability is controlled by the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR), which acts as a critical bottleneck for intracellular S1P degradation. HF induces CFTR downregulation in cells, tissues and organs, including the lung. Whether CFTR alterations during HF also affect systemic and tissue-specific S1P concentrations has not been investigated. Here, we set out to study the relationship between S1P and CFTR expression in the HF lung. Mice with HF, induced by myocardial infarction, were treated with the CFTR corrector compound C18 starting ten weeks post-myocardial infarction for two consecutive weeks. CFTR expression, S1P concentrations, and immune cell frequencies were determined in vehicle- and C18-treated HF mice and sham controls using Western blotting, flow cytometry, mass spectrometry, and qPCR. HF led to decreased pulmonary CFTR expression, which was accompanied by elevated S1P concentrations and a pro-inflammatory state in the lungs. Systemically, HF associated with higher S1P plasma levels compared to sham-operated controls and presented with higher S1P receptor 1-positive immune cells in the spleen. CFTR correction with C18 attenuated the HF-associated alterations in pulmonary CFTR expression and, hence, led to lower pulmonary S1P levels, which was accompanied by reduced lung inflammation. Collectively, these data suggest an important role for the CFTR-S1P axis in HF-mediated systemic and pulmonary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska E. Uhl
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; (F.E.U.); (L.V.); (F.M.)
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lotte Vanherle
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; (F.E.U.); (L.V.); (F.M.)
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Frank Matthes
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; (F.E.U.); (L.V.); (F.M.)
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Anja Meissner
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; (F.E.U.); (L.V.); (F.M.)
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
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23
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Jain PP, Lai N, Xiong M, Chen J, Babicheva A, Zhao T, Parmisano S, Zhao M, Paquin C, Matti M, Powers R, Balistrieri A, Kim NH, Valdez-Jasso D, Thistlethwaite PA, Shyy JYJ, Wang J, Garcia JGN, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. TRPC6, a therapeutic target for pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L1161-L1182. [PMID: 34704831 PMCID: PMC8715021 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00159.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal and progressive disease. Sustained vasoconstriction due to pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) contraction and concentric arterial remodeling due partially to PASMC proliferation are the major causes for increased pulmonary vascular resistance and increased pulmonary arterial pressure in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) including PAH and PH due to respiratory diseases or hypoxemia. We and others observed upregulation of TRPC6 channels in PASMCs from patients with PAH. A rise in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) in PASMC triggers PASMC contraction and vasoconstriction, while Ca2+-dependent activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is a pivotal signaling cascade for cell proliferation and gene expression. Despite evidence supporting a pathological role of TRPC6, no selective and orally bioavailable TRPC6 antagonist has yet been developed and tested for treatment of PAH or PH. In this study, we sought to investigate whether block of receptor-operated Ca2+ channels using a nonselective blocker of cation channels, 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate (2-APB, administered intraperitoneally) and a selective blocker of TRPC6, BI-749327 (administered orally) can reverse established PH in mice. The results from the study show that intrapulmonary application of 2-APB (40 µM) or BI-749327 (3-10 µM) significantly and reversibly inhibited acute alveolar hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction. Intraperitoneal injection of 2-APB (1 mg/kg per day) significantly attenuated the development of PH and partially reversed established PH in mice. Oral gavage of BI-749327 (30 mg/kg, every day, for 2 wk) reversed established PH by ∼50% via regression of pulmonary vascular remodeling. Furthermore, 2-APB and BI-749327 both significantly inhibited PDGF- and serum-mediated phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR in PASMC. In summary, the receptor-operated and mechanosensitive TRPC6 channel is a good target for developing novel treatment for PAH/PH. BI-749327, a selective TRPC6 blocker, is potentially a novel and effective drug for treating PAH and PH due to respiratory diseases or hypoxemia.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Boron Compounds/pharmacology
- Calcium Signaling
- Cells, Cultured
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Mice
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/drug effects
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- TRPC6 Cation Channel/antagonists & inhibitors
- TRPC6 Cation Channel/genetics
- TRPC6 Cation Channel/metabolism
- Vasoconstriction
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritesh P Jain
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ning Lai
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingmei Xiong
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyuan Chen
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Tengteng Zhao
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Sophia Parmisano
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Manjia Zhao
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Cole Paquin
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Moreen Matti
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ryan Powers
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Angela Balistrieri
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Nick H Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Daniela Valdez-Jasso
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Patricia A Thistlethwaite
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jian Wang
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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24
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Averna M, Melotti P, Sorio C. Revisiting the Role of Leukocytes in Cystic Fibrosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123380. [PMID: 34943888 PMCID: PMC8699441 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis in characterized by pulmonary bacterial colonization and hyperinflammation. Lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells of patients with CF express functional CFTR and are directly affected by altered CFTR expression/function, impairing their ability to resolve infections and inflammation. However, the mechanism behind and the contribution of leukocytes in the pathogenesis of CF are still poorly characterized. The recent clinical introduction of specific CFTR modulators added an important tool not only for the clinical management of the disease but also to the investigation of the pathophysiological mechanisms related to CFTR dysfunction and dysregulated immunity. These drugs treat the basic defect in cystic fibrosis (CF) by increasing CFTR function with improvement of lung function and quality of life, and may improve clinical outcomes also by correcting the dysregulated immune function that characterizes CF. Measure of CFTR function, protein expression profiling and several omics methods were used to identify molecular changes in freshly isolated leukocytes of CF patients, highlighting two roles of leukocytes in CF: one more generally related to the mechanism(s) causing immune dysregulation in CF and unresolved inflammation, and another more applicative role, which identifies in myeloid cells, an important tool predictive of the therapeutic response of CF patients. In this review we will summarize available data on CFTR expression and function in leukocyte populations and will discuss potential clinical applications based on available data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Averna
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Paola Melotti
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy;
| | - Claudio Sorio
- Department of Medicine, General Pathology Division, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-045-802-7688
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25
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Deguchi A, Yamamoto T, Shibata N, Maru Y. S100A8 may govern hyper-inflammation in severe COVID-19. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21798. [PMID: 34339064 PMCID: PMC8441709 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic threatens human species with mortality rate of roughly 2%. We can hardly predict the time of herd immunity against and end of COVID-19 with or without success of vaccine. One way to overcome the situation is to define what delineates disease severity and serves as a molecular target. The most successful analogy is found in BCR-ABL in chronic myeloid leukemia, which is the golden biomarker, and simultaneously, the most effective molecular target. We hypothesize that S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8) is one such molecule. The underlying evidence includes accumulating clinical information that S100A8 is upregulated in severe forms of COVID-19, pathological similarities of the affected lungs between COVID-19 and S100A8-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) model, homeostatic inflammation theory in which S100A8 is an endogenous ligand for endotoxin sensor Toll-like receptor 4/Myeloid differentiation protein-2 (TLR4/MD-2) and mediates hyper-inflammation even after elimination of endotoxin-producing extrinsic pathogens, analogous findings between COVID-19-associated ARDS and pre-metastatic lungs such as S100A8 upregulation, pulmonary recruitment of myeloid cells, increased vascular permeability, and activation coagulation cascade. A successful treatment in an animal COVID-19 model is given with a reagent capable of abrogating interaction between S100A8/S100A9 and TLR4. In this paper, we try to verify our hypothesis that S100A8 governs COVID-19-associated ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Deguchi
- Department of PharmacologyTokyo Women's Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Tomoko Yamamoto
- Division of Pathological NeuroscienceDepartment of PathologyTokyo Women's Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Noriyuki Shibata
- Division of Pathological NeuroscienceDepartment of PathologyTokyo Women's Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Yoshiro Maru
- Department of PharmacologyTokyo Women's Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
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26
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Hyperinflammation and airway surface liquid dehydration in cystic fibrosis: purinergic system as therapeutic target. Inflamm Res 2021; 70:633-649. [PMID: 33904934 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-021-01464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN The exacerbate inflammatory response contributes to the progressive loss of lung function in cystic fibrosis (CF), a genetic disease that affects the osmotic balance of mucus and mucociliary clearance, resulting in a microenvironment that favors infection and inflammation. The purinergic system, an extracellular signaling pathway characterized by nucleotides, enzymes and receptors, may have a protective role in the disease, through its action in airway surface liquid (ASL) and anti-inflammatory response. MATERIALS AND METHODS To make up this review, studies covering topics of CF, inflammation, ASL and purinergic system were selected from the main medical databases, such as Pubmed and ScienceDirect. CONCLUSION We propose several ways to modulate the purinergic system as a potential therapy for CF, like inhibition of P2X7, activation of P2Y2, A2A and A2B receptors and blocking of adenosine deaminase. Among them, we postulate that the most suitable strategy is to block the action of adenosine deaminase, which culminates in the increase of Ado levels that presents anti-inflammatory actions and improves mucociliary clearance. Furthermore, it is possible to maintain the physiological levels of ATP to control the hydration of ASL. These therapies could correct the main mechanisms that contribute to the progression of CF.
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27
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Turner MJ, Abbott-Banner K, Thomas DY, Hanrahan JW. Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitors as therapeutic interventions for cystic fibrosis. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 224:107826. [PMID: 33662448 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) lung disease results from mutations in the CFTR anion channel that reduce anion and fluid secretion by airway epithelia. Impaired secretion compromises airway innate defence mechanisms and leads to bacterial colonization, excessive inflammation and tissue damage; thus, restoration of CFTR function is the goal of many CF therapies. CFTR channels are activated by cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases. The second messengers 3'5'-cAMP and 3'5'-cGMP are hydrolysed by a large family of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases that provide subcellular spatial and temporal control of cyclic nucleotide-dependent signalling. Selective inhibition of these enzymes elevates cyclic nucleotide levels, leading to activation of CFTR and other downstream effectors. Here we examine members of the PDE family that are likely to regulate CFTR-dependent ion and fluid secretion in the airways and discuss other actions of PDE inhibitors that can influence cyclic nucleotide-regulated mucociliary transport, inflammation and bronchodilation. Finally, we review PDE inhibitors and the potential benefits they could provide as CF therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Turner
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | | | - David Y Thomas
- Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - John W Hanrahan
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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28
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Branfield S, Washington AV. The enigmatic nature of the triggering receptor expressed in myeloid cells -1 (TLT- 1). Platelets 2021; 32:753-760. [PMID: 33560928 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2021.1881948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Receptors are important pharmacological targets on cells. The Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells (TREM) - Like Transcript - 1 is an abundant, yet little understood, platelet receptor. It is a single Ig domain containing receptor isolated in the α-granules of resting platelets and brought to the platelet surface upon activation. On platelets, the integrin αIIbβ3 is the major receptor having roughly 80,000 copies. αIIbβ3 is a heterodimeric multidomain structure that mediates platelet aggregation through its interaction with the plasma protein fibrinogen. Anti-platelet drugs have successfully targeted αIIbβ3 to control thrombosis. Like αIIbβ3, TLT-1 also binds fibrinogen, making its role in platelet function somewhat obscure. In this review, we highlight the known structural features of TLT-1 and present the challenges of understanding TLT-1 function. In our analysis of the dynamics of the platelet surface after activation we propose a model in which TLT-1 supports αIIbβ3 function as a mechanoreceptor that may direct platelets toward immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan Branfield
- , Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico- Rio Piedras- Molecular Science Research Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - A Valance Washington
- , Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico- Rio Piedras- Molecular Science Research Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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29
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Vij N. Prognosis-Based Early Intervention Strategies to Resolve Exacerbation and Progressive Lung Function Decline in Cystic Fibrosis. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11020096. [PMID: 33546140 PMCID: PMC7913194 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by a mutation(s) in the CF transmembrane regulator (CFTR), where progressive decline in lung function due to recurring exacerbations is a major cause of mortality. The initiation of chronic obstructive lung disease in CF involves inflammation and exacerbations, leading to mucus obstruction and lung function decline. Even though clinical management of CF lung disease has prolonged survival, exacerbation and age-related lung function decline remain a challenge for controlling the progressive lung disease. The key to the resolution of progressive lung disease is prognosis-based early therapeutic intervention; thus, the development of novel diagnostics and prognostic biomarkers for predicting exacerbation and lung function decline will allow optimal management of the lung disease. Hence, the development of real-time lung function diagnostics such as forced oscillation technique (FOT), impulse oscillometry system (IOS), and electrical impedance tomography (EIT), and novel prognosis-based intervention strategies for controlling the progression of chronic obstructive lung disease will fulfill a significant unmet need for CF patients. Early detection of CF lung inflammation and exacerbations with the timely resolution will not only prolong survival and reduce mortality but also improve quality of life while reducing significant health care costs due to recurring hospitalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Vij
- Precision Theranostics Inc., Baltimore, MD 21202, USA; or or ; Tel.: +1-240-623-0757
- VIJ Biotech, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics & Pulmonary Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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30
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Liu L, Chen M, Lin K, Xiang X, Yang J, Zheng Y, Xiong X, Zhu S. TRPC6 Attenuates Cortical Astrocytic Apoptosis and Inflammation in Cerebral Ischemic/Reperfusion Injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:594283. [PMID: 33604333 PMCID: PMC7884618 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.594283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6) channel is an important non-selective cation channel with a variety of physiological roles in the central nervous system. Evidence has shown that TRPC6 is involved in the process of experimental stroke; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, the role of astrocytic TRPC6 was investigated in an oxygen-glucose deprivation cell model and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model of stroke. HYP9 (a selective TRPC6 agonist) and SKF96365 (SKF; a TRPC antagonist) were used to clarify the exact functions of TRPC6 in astrocytes after ischemic stroke. TRPC6 was significantly downregulated during ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury in cultured astrocytes and in cortices of MCAO mice. Application of HYP9 in vivo alleviated the brain infarct lesion, astrocytes population, apoptosis, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β release in mouse cortices after ischemia. HYP9 dose-dependently inhibited the downregulation of TRPC6 and reduced astrocytic apoptosis, cytotoxicity and inflammatory responses in IR insult, whereas SKF aggravated the damage in vitro. In addition, modulation of TRPC6 channel diminished IR-induced Ca2+ entry in astrocytes. Furthermore, decreased Ca2+ entry due to TRPC6 contributed to reducing nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) nuclear translocation and phosphorylation. Overexpression of astrocytic TRPC6 also attenuated apoptosis, cytotoxicity, inflammatory responses, and NF-κB phosphorylation in modeled ischemia in astrocytes. The results of the present study indicate that the TRPC6 channel can act as a potential target to reduce both inflammatory responses and apoptosis in astrocytes during IR injury, subsequently attenuating ischemic brain damage. In addition, we provide a novel view of stroke therapy by targeting the astrocytic TRPC6 channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Manli Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kun Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuwu Xiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueying Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxing Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengmei Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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31
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Hayes E, Murphy MP, Pohl K, Browne N, McQuillan K, Saw LE, Foley C, Gargoum F, McElvaney OJ, Hawkins P, Gunaratnam C, McElvaney NG, Reeves EP. Altered Degranulation and pH of Neutrophil Phagosomes Impacts Antimicrobial Efficiency in Cystic Fibrosis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:600033. [PMID: 33391268 PMCID: PMC7775508 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.600033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have endeavored to understand the cause for impaired antimicrobial killing by neutrophils of people with cystic fibrosis (PWCF). The aim of this study was to focus on the bacterial phagosome. Possible alterations in degranulation of cytoplasmic granules and changes in pH were assessed. Circulating neutrophils were purified from PWCF (n = 28), PWCF receiving ivacaftor therapy (n = 10), and healthy controls (n = 28). Degranulation was assessed by Western blot analysis and flow cytometry. The pH of phagosomes was determined by use of BCECF-AM-labelled Staphylococcus aureus or SNARF labelled Candida albicans. The antibacterial effect of all treatments tested was determined by colony forming units enumeration. Bacterial killing by CF and healthy control neutrophils were found to differ (p = 0.0006). By use of flow cytometry and subcellular fractionation the kinetics of intraphagosomal degranulation were found to be significantly altered in CF phagosomes, as demonstrated by increased primary granule CD63 (p = 0.0001) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) content (p = 0.03). In contrast, decreased secondary and tertiary granule CD66b (p = 0.002) and decreased hCAP-18 and MMP-9 (p = 0.02), were observed. After 8 min phagocytosis the pH in phagosomes of neutrophils of PWCF was significantly elevated (p = 0.0001), and the percentage of viable bacteria was significantly increased compared to HC (p = 0.002). Results demonstrate that the recorded alterations in phagosomal pH generate suboptimal conditions for MPO related peroxidase, and α-defensin and azurocidine enzymatic killing of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The pattern of dysregulated MPO degranulation (p = 0.02) and prolonged phagosomal alkalinization in CF neutrophils were normalized in vivo following treatment with the ion channel potentiator ivacaftor (p = 0.04). Our results confirm that alterations of circulating neutrophils from PWCF are corrected by CFTR modulator therapy, and raise a question related to possible delayed proton channel activity in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Hayes
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark P Murphy
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kerstin Pohl
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niall Browne
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karen McQuillan
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Le Er Saw
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Clare Foley
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fatma Gargoum
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Oliver J McElvaney
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Padraig Hawkins
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cedric Gunaratnam
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Noel G McElvaney
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emer P Reeves
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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32
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Zimmerman GA. Platelets: inflammatory effector cells in the conflagration of cystic fibrosis lung disease. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:1632-1634. [PMID: 32175918 DOI: 10.1172/jci135949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem disorder, but progressive inflammatory lung disease causes the greatest burden of morbidity and death. Recent translational and mechanistic studies of samples from patients, and observations in animal models, indicate that platelets may drive lung injury and contribute to dysregulated host defense in CF lung disease. In this issue of the JCI, Ortiz-Muñoz and Yu et al. explored the role that the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) plays in platelet-related inflammation. The authors used mouse and human model systems to show that CFTR dysfunction in platelets increased calcium entry though the transient receptor potential cation channel 6 (TRPC6), causing hyperactivation and consequent experimental lung inflammation. The study persuasively suggests that platelets are critical thromboinflammatory effector cells in CF lung disease. In the context of platelet-related organ injury seen in a variety of other diseases and syndromes, platelets may also contribute to nonpulmonary manifestations and comorbidities of CF.
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33
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Brinkert K, Hedtfeld S, Burhop A, Gastmeier R, Gad P, Wedekind D, Kloth C, Rothschuh J, Lachmann N, Hetzel M, Jirmo AC, Lopez-Rodriguez E, Brandenberger C, Hansen G, Schambach A, Ackermann M, Tümmler B, Munder A. Rescue from Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection via Stem Cell Transplantation. Mol Ther 2020; 29:1324-1334. [PMID: 33279724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, which lead to impaired ion transport in epithelial cells. Although lung failure due to chronic infection is the major comorbidity in individuals with cystic fibrosis, the role of CFTR in non-epithelial cells has not been definitively resolved. Given the important role of host defense cells, we evaluated the Cftr deficiency in pulmonary immune cells by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in cystic fibrosis mice. We transplanted healthy bone marrow stem cells and could reveal a stable chimerism of wild-type cells in peripheral blood. The outcome of stem cell transplantation and the impact of healthy immune cells were evaluated in acute Pseudomonas aeruginosa airway infection. In this study, mice transplanted with wild-type cells displayed better survival, lower lung bacterial numbers, and a milder disease course. This improved physiology of infected mice correlated with successful intrapulmonary engraftment of graft-derived alveolar macrophages, as seen by immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry of graft-specific leucocyte surface marker CD45 and macrophage marker CD68. Given the beneficial effect of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and stable engraftment of monocyte-derived CD68-positive macrophages, we conclude that replacement of mutant Cftr macrophages attenuates airway infection in cystic fibrosis mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Brinkert
- Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Silke Hedtfeld
- Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Annina Burhop
- Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Rena Gastmeier
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Pauline Gad
- Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Wedekind
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christina Kloth
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Justin Rothschuh
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nico Lachmann
- Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; REBIRTH Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Miriam Hetzel
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; REBIRTH Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Adan Chari Jirmo
- Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Elena Lopez-Rodriguez
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Institute of Functional Anatomy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Brandenberger
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany; Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Gesine Hansen
- Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; REBIRTH Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mania Ackermann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; REBIRTH Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Burkhard Tümmler
- Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Antje Munder
- Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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Cleary SJ, Pitchford SC, Amison RT, Carrington R, Robaina Cabrera CL, Magnen M, Looney MR, Gray E, Page CP. Animal models of mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 pathology. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:4851-4865. [PMID: 32462701 PMCID: PMC7283621 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 infections has led to a substantial unmet need for treatments, many of which will require testing in appropriate animal models of this disease. Vaccine trials are already underway, but there remains an urgent need to find other therapeutic approaches to either target SARS-CoV-2 or the complications arising from viral infection, particularly the dysregulated immune response and systemic complications which have been associated with progression to severe COVID-19. At the time of writing, in vivo studies of SARS-CoV-2 infection have been described using macaques, cats, ferrets, hamsters, and transgenic mice expressing human angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). These infection models have already been useful for studies of transmission and immunity, but to date only partly model the mechanisms involved in human severe COVID-19. There is therefore an urgent need for development of animal models for improved evaluation of efficacy of drugs identified as having potential in the treatment of severe COVID-19. These models need to reproduce the key mechanisms of COVID-19 severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and the immunopathology and systemic sequelae associated with this disease. Here, we review the current models of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related disease mechanisms and suggest ways in which animal models can be adapted to increase their usefulness in research into COVID-19 pathogenesis and for assessing potential treatments. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on The Pharmacology of COVID-19. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.21/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon C. Pitchford
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Richard T. Amison
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Robert Carrington
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Covance Laboratories LimitedHuntingdonUK
| | - C. Lorena Robaina Cabrera
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | | | | | - Elaine Gray
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
- National Institute for Biological Standards and ControlHertsUK
| | - Clive P. Page
- Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
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Turner MJ, Dauletbaev N, Lands LC, Hanrahan JW. The Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor Ensifentrine Reduces Production of Proinflammatory Mediators in Well Differentiated Bronchial Epithelial Cells by Inhibiting PDE4. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 375:414-429. [PMID: 33012706 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) anion channel that impair airway salt and fluid secretion. Excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines by CF bronchial epithelium during airway infection leads to chronic inflammation and a slow decline in lung function; thus, there is much interest in finding safe and effective treatments that reduce inflammation in CF. We showed previously that the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor ensifentrine (RPL554; Verona Pharma) stimulates the channel function of CFTR mutants with abnormal gating and also those with defective trafficking that are partially rescued using a clinically approved corrector drug. PDE inhibitors also have known anti-inflammatory effects; therefore, we examined whether ensifentrine alters the production of proinflammatory cytokines in CF bronchial epithelial cells. Ensifentrine reduced the production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and granulocyte monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) during challenge with interleukin-1β Comparing the effect of ensifentrine with milrinone and roflumilast, selective PDE3 and PDE4 inhibitors, respectively, demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory effect of ensifentrine was mainly due to inhibition of PDE4. Beneficial modulation of GM-CSF was further enhanced when ensifentrine was combined with low concentrations of the β 2-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol or the corticosteroid dexamethasone. The results indicate that ensifentrine may have beneficial anti-inflammatory effects in CF airways particularly when used in combination with β 2-adrenergic agonists or corticosteroids. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Airway inflammation that is disproportionate to the burden of chronic airway infection causes much of the pathology in the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung. We show here that ensifentrine beneficially modulates the release of proinflammatory factors in well differentiated CF bronchial epithelial cells that is further enhanced when combined with β2-adrenergic agonists or low-concentration corticosteroids. The results encourage further clinical testing of ensifentrine, alone and in combination with β2-adrenergic agonists or low-concentration corticosteroids, as a novel anti-inflammatory therapy for CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Turner
- Departments of Physiology (M.J.T., J.W.H.) and Pediatrics (N.D.) and Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre (M.J.T., L.C.L., J.W.H), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada (N.D., L.C.L.); Research Institute - McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada (L.C.L., J.W.H.); Department of Internal, Respiratory Translational Laboratory, Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany (N.D.); and Faculty of Medicine and Healthcare, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan (N.D.)
| | - Nurlan Dauletbaev
- Departments of Physiology (M.J.T., J.W.H.) and Pediatrics (N.D.) and Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre (M.J.T., L.C.L., J.W.H), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada (N.D., L.C.L.); Research Institute - McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada (L.C.L., J.W.H.); Department of Internal, Respiratory Translational Laboratory, Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany (N.D.); and Faculty of Medicine and Healthcare, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan (N.D.)
| | - Larry C Lands
- Departments of Physiology (M.J.T., J.W.H.) and Pediatrics (N.D.) and Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre (M.J.T., L.C.L., J.W.H), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada (N.D., L.C.L.); Research Institute - McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada (L.C.L., J.W.H.); Department of Internal, Respiratory Translational Laboratory, Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany (N.D.); and Faculty of Medicine and Healthcare, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan (N.D.)
| | - John W Hanrahan
- Departments of Physiology (M.J.T., J.W.H.) and Pediatrics (N.D.) and Cystic Fibrosis Translational Research Centre (M.J.T., L.C.L., J.W.H), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada (N.D., L.C.L.); Research Institute - McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada (L.C.L., J.W.H.); Department of Internal, Respiratory Translational Laboratory, Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany (N.D.); and Faculty of Medicine and Healthcare, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan (N.D.)
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36
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Feldman C, Anderson R. Platelets and Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia. Front Immunol 2020; 11:577303. [PMID: 33042161 PMCID: PMC7527494 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.577303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world with much recent and ongoing research focused on the occurrence of cardiovascular events (CVEs) during the infection, which are associated with adverse short-term and long-term survival. Much of the research directed at unraveling the pathogenesis of these events has been undertaken in the settings of experimental and clinical CAP caused by the dangerous, bacterial respiratory pathogen, Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), which remains the most common bacterial cause of CAP. Studies of this type have revealed that although platelets play an important role in host defense against infection, there is also increasing recognition that hyperactivation of these cells contributes to a pro-inflammatory, prothrombotic systemic milieu that contributes to the etiology of CVEs. In the case of the pneumococcus, platelet-driven myocardial damage and dysfunction is exacerbated by the direct cardiotoxic actions of pneumolysin, a major pore-forming toxin of this pathogen, which also acts as potent activator of platelets. This review is focused on the role of platelets in host defense against infection, including pneumococcal infection in particular, and reviews the current literature describing the potential mechanisms by which platelet activation contributes to cardiovascular complications in CAP. This is preceded by an evaluation of the burden of pneumococcal infection in CAP, the clinical features and putative pathogenic mechanisms of the CVE, and concludes with an evaluation of the potential utility of the anti-platelet activity of macrolides and various adjunctive therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Feldman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ronald Anderson
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Airway Inflammation and Host Responses in the Era of CFTR Modulators. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176379. [PMID: 32887484 PMCID: PMC7504341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The arrival of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators as a new class of treatment for cystic fibrosis (CF) in 2012 represented a pivotal advance in disease management, as these small molecules directly target the upstream underlying protein defect. Further advancements in the development and scope of these genotype-specific therapies have been transformative for an increasing number of people with CF (PWCF). Despite clear improvements in CFTR function and clinical endpoints such as lung function, body mass index (BMI), and frequency of pulmonary exacerbations, current evidence suggests that CFTR modulators do not prevent continued decline in lung function, halt disease progression, or ameliorate pathogenic organisms in those with established lung disease. Furthermore, it remains unknown whether their restorative effects extend to dysfunctional CFTR expressed in phagocytes and other immune cells, which could modulate airway inflammation. In this review, we explore the effects of CFTR modulators on airway inflammation, infection, and their influence on the impaired pulmonary host defences associated with CF lung disease. We also consider the role of inflammation-directed therapies in light of the widespread clinical use of CFTR modulators and identify key areas for future research.
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Pehote G, Vij N. Autophagy Augmentation to Alleviate Immune Response Dysfunction, and Resolve Respiratory and COVID-19 Exacerbations. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091952. [PMID: 32847034 PMCID: PMC7565665 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The preservation of cellular homeostasis requires the synthesis of new proteins (proteostasis) and organelles, and the effective removal of misfolded or impaired proteins and cellular debris. This cellular homeostasis involves two key proteostasis mechanisms, the ubiquitin proteasome system and the autophagy–lysosome pathway. These catabolic pathways have been known to be involved in respiratory exacerbations and the pathogenesis of various lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), acute lung injury (ALI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Briefly, proteostasis and autophagy processes are known to decline over time with age, cigarette or biomass smoke exposure, and/or influenced by underlying genetic factors, resulting in the accumulation of misfolded proteins and cellular debris, elevating apoptosis and cellular senescence, and initiating the pathogenesis of acute or chronic lung disease. Moreover, autophagic dysfunction results in an impaired microbial clearance, post-bacterial and/or viral infection(s) which contribute to the initiation of acute and recurrent respiratory exacerbations as well as the progression of chronic obstructive and restrictive lung diseases. In addition, the autophagic dysfunction-mediated cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) immune response impairment further exacerbates the lung disease. Recent studies demonstrate the therapeutic potential of novel autophagy augmentation strategies, in alleviating the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive or restrictive lung diseases and exacerbations such as those commonly seen in COPD, CF, ALI/ARDS and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett Pehote
- Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA;
| | - Neeraj Vij
- Department of Pediatrics and Pulmonary Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- PRECISION THERANOSTICS INC, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
- VIJ BIOTECH, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +1-240-623-0757
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Recchiuti A, Patruno S, Plebani R, Romano M. The Resolution Approach to Cystic Fibrosis Inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1129. [PMID: 32848748 PMCID: PMC7403222 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the high expectations associated with the recent introduction of CFTR modulators, airway inflammation still remains a relevant clinical issue in cystic fibrosis (CF). The classical anti-inflammatory drugs have shown very limited efficacy, when not being harmful, raising the question of whether alternative approaches should be undertaken. Thus, a better knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the aberrant inflammation observed in CF is pivotal to develop more efficacious pharmacology. In this respect, the observation that endogenous proresolving pathways are defective in CF and that proresolving mediators, physiologically generated during an acute inflammatory reaction, do not completely suppress inflammation, but promote resolution, tissue healing and microbial clearance, without compromising immune host defense mechanisms, opens interesting therapeutic scenarios for CF. In this mini-review, we present the current knowledge and perspectives of proresolving pharmacology in CF, focusing on the specialized proresolving lipid mediators and selected peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Recchiuti
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Center on Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Department of Medical, Oral e Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sara Patruno
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Center on Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Department of Medical, Oral e Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberto Plebani
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Center on Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Department of Medical, Oral e Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mario Romano
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Center on Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Department of Medical, Oral e Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Branfield S, Washington AV. Control the platelets, control the disease: A novel cystic fibrosis hypothesis. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:1531-1534. [PMID: 32468670 PMCID: PMC7872297 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan Branfield
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico- Rio Piedras- Molecular Science Research Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - A Valance Washington
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico- Rio Piedras- Molecular Science Research Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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Sengupta S. The sticky culprit: Platelets in cystic fibrosis. Sci Transl Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb5670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Platelets trigger lung inflammation in cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaon Sengupta
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA
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