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Sheng Y, Wu L, Chang Y, Liu W, Tao M, Chen X, Zhang X, Li B, Zhang N, Ye D, Zhang C, Zhu D, Zhao H, Chen A, Chen H, Song J. Tomo-seq identifies NINJ1 as a potential target for anti-inflammatory strategy in thoracic aortic dissection. BMC Med 2023; 21:396. [PMID: 37858098 PMCID: PMC10588060 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03077-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a life-threatening disease caused by an intimal tear in the aorta. The histological characteristics differ significantly between the tear area (TA) and the distant area. Previous studies have emphasized that certain specific genes tend to cluster at the TA. Obtaining a thorough understanding of the precise molecular signatures near the TA will assist in discovering therapeutic strategies for TAD. METHODS We performed a paired comparison of the pathological patterns in the TA with that in the remote area (RA). We used Tomo-seq, genome-wide transcriptional profiling with spatial resolution, to obtain gene expression signatures spanning from the TA to the RA. Samples from multiple sporadic TAD patients and animal models were used to validate our findings. RESULTS Pathological examination revealed that the TA of TAD exhibited more pronounced intimal hyperplasia, media degeneration, and inflammatory infiltration compared to the RA. The TA also had more apoptotic cells and CD31+α-SMA+ cells. Tomo-seq revealed four distinct gene expression patterns from the TA to the RA, which were inflammation, collagen catabolism, extracellular matrix remodeling, and cell stress, respectively. The spatial distribution of genes allowed us to identify genes that were potentially relevant with TAD. NINJ1 encoded the protein-mediated cytoplasmic membrane rupture, regulated tissue remodeling, showed high expression levels in the tear area, and co-expressed within the inflammatory pattern. The use of short hairpin RNA to reduce NINJ1 expression in the beta-aminopropionitrile-induced TAD model led to a significant decrease in TAD formation. Additionally, it resulted in reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells and a decrease in the number of CD31+α-SMA+ cells. The NINJ1-neutralizing antibody also demonstrated comparable therapeutic effects and can effectively impede the formation of TAD. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that Tomo-seq had the advantage of obtaining spatial expression information of TAD across the TA and the RA. We pointed out that NINJ1 may be involved in inflammation and tissue remodeling, which played an important role in the formation of TAD. NINJ1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for TAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Sheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Wendao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Menghao Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Dongting Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daliang Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haisen Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aijun Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haisheng Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jiangping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Evaluation for Cardiovascular Implant Materials, Animal Experimental Centre, Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
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Pramana KAAP, Pintaningrum Y, Rahmat B. The effects of statin therapy on aneurysm size, growth rate, and matrix metalloproteinases-9 levels in patients with aortic aneurysm: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Egypt Heart J 2023; 75:88. [PMID: 37831310 PMCID: PMC10575821 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-023-00407-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic aneurysm enlargement over time causes rupture, which frequently results in death. The family of proteases known as matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) is assumed to be proteolytic activity involved in the growth of aortic aneurysms. Statins are pleiotropic lipid-lowering medications with anti-inflammatory action. Statins can lower aneurysmal enlargement and MMP secretion, according to a number of studies, however the evidence is still up for debate. The purpose of this study is to assess how statins affect aortic aneurysm patient's aneurysm diameter size, growth rate, and MMP-9 levels. METHODS From January 2000 to December 2022, electronic journal searches in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane were conducted to discover papers evaluating the effects of statin treatment in patients with aortic aneurysm. Aneurysm diameter size, growth rate, and MMP-9 levels were the outcomes we were looking for. Meta-analyses were run on the included studies, and mean differences (MD) and 95% CIs were calculated with Review Manager v5.4. RESULTS Our analysis includes a total of ten research. Statin medication substantially reduced aneurysm diameter size by 0.30 mm (P = 0.04; MD - 0.30; 95% CI - 0.58 to - 0.01) and growth rate by 0.34 mm/year (P < 0.00001; MD - 0.34; 95% CI - 0.40 to - 0.29) compared to placebo. There was no significant change in MMP-9 concentrations between individuals with aortic aneurysm who took a statin and those who did not. CONCLUSION Overall, this meta-analysis demonstrates that statin medication is considerably helpful in reducing aneurysm diameter size and aneurysmal growth rate in individuals with aortic aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yusra Pintaningrum
- Interventional Cardiology Division, Cardiology and Vascular Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mataram University, Mataram, Indonesia
| | - Basuki Rahmat
- Interventional Cardiology Division, Cardiology and Vascular Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mataram University, Mataram, Indonesia
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Nackenhorst MC, Kapalla M, Weidle S, Kirchhoff F, Zschäpitz D, Sieber S, Reeps C, Eckstein HH, Schneider H, Thaler M, Moog P, Busch A, Sachs N. The Incidence of IgG4-Related and Inflammatory Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Is Rare in a 101 Patient Cohort. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4029. [PMID: 37373722 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12124029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are the most frequent aortic dilation, with considerable morbidity and mortality. Inflammatory (infl) and IgG4-positive AAAs represent specific subtypes of unclear incidence and clinical significance. Here, histologic and serologic analyses with retrospective clinical data acquisition are investigated via detailed histology, including morphologic (HE, EvG: inflammatory subtype, angiogenesis, and fibrosis) and immunhistochemic analyses (IgG and IgG4). In addition, complement factors C3/C4 and immunoglobulins IgG, IgG2, IgG4 and IgE were measured in serum samples and clinical data uses patients' metrics, as well as through semi-automated morphometric analysis (diameter, volume, angulation and vessel tortuosity). A total of 101 eligible patients showed five (5%) IgG4 positive (all scored 1) and seven (7%) inflammatory AAAs. An increased degree of inflammation was seen in IgG4 positive and inflAAA, respectively. However, serologic analysis revealed no increased levels of IgG or IgG4. The operative procedure time was not different for those cases and the short-term clinical outcomes were equal for the entire AAA cohort. Overall, the incidence of inflammatory and IgG4-positive AAA samples seems very low based on histologic and serum analyses. Both entities must be considered distinct disease phenotypes. Short-term operative outcomes were not different for both sub-cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marvin Kapalla
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department for Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus and University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Simon Weidle
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Kirchhoff
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - David Zschäpitz
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Sieber
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Reeps
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department for Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus and University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Henning Eckstein
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Schneider
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Thaler
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Moog
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Albert Busch
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department for Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus and University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Nadja Sachs
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 10785 Berlin, Germany
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Menges AL, Nackenhorst M, Müller JR, Engl ML, Hegenloh R, Pelisek J, Geibelt E, Hofmann A, Reeps C, Biro G, Eckstein HH, Zimmermann A, Magee D, Falk M, Sachs N, Busch A. Completing the view - histologic insights from circular AAA specimen including 3D imaging : A methodologic approach towards histologic analysis of circumferential AAA samples. Diagn Pathol 2023; 18:73. [PMID: 37308870 PMCID: PMC10259026 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-023-01359-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a pathologic enlargement of the infrarenal aorta with an associated risk of rupture. However, the responsible mechanisms are only partially understood. Based on murine and human samples, a heterogeneous distribution of characteristic pathologic features across the aneurysm circumference is expected. Yet, complete histologic workup of the aneurysm sac is scarcely reported. Here, samples from five AAAs covering the complete circumference partially as aortic rings are investigated by histologic means (HE, EvG, immunohistochemistry) and a new method embedding the complete ring. Additionally, two different methods of serial histologic section alignment are applied to create a 3D view. The typical histopathologic features of AAA, elastic fiber degradation, matrix remodeling with collagen deposition, calcification, inflammatory cell infiltration and thrombus coverage were distributed without recognizable pattern across the aneurysm sac in all five patients. Analysis of digitally scanned entire aortic rings facilitates the visualization of these observations. Immunohistochemistry is feasible in such specimen, however, tricky due to tissue disintegration. 3D image stacks were created using open-source and non-generic software correcting for non-rigid warping between consecutive sections. Secondly, 3D image viewers allowed visualization of in-depth changes of the investigated pathologic hallmarks. In conclusion, this exploratory descriptive study demonstrates a heterogeneous histomorphology around the AAA circumference. Warranting an increased sample size, these results might need to be considered in future mechanistic research, especially in reference to intraluminal thrombus coverage. 3D histology of such circular specimen could be a valuable visualization tool for further analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Leonie Menges
- Department for Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maja Nackenhorst
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes R Müller
- DFG Cluster of Excellence "Physics of Life", TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marie-Luise Engl
- Technical University Munich, Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Renate Hegenloh
- Technical University Munich, Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Jaroslav Pelisek
- Department for Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ellen Geibelt
- Light Microscopy Facility, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Hofmann
- Department for Visceral-, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Reeps
- Department for Visceral-, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gabor Biro
- Technical University Munich, Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Henning Eckstein
- Technical University Munich, Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Zimmermann
- Department for Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Derek Magee
- HeteroGenius Limited, Leeds, UK
- School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Martin Falk
- Scientific Visualization Group, Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Nadja Sachs
- Technical University Munich, Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Berlin, Germany
| | - Albert Busch
- Technical University Munich, Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.
- Department for Visceral-, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden, Germany.
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5
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He B, Zhan Y, Cai C, Yu D, Wei Q, Quan L, Huang D, Liu Y, Li Z, Liu L, Pan X. Common molecular mechanism and immune infiltration patterns of thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1030976. [PMID: 36341412 PMCID: PMC9633949 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1030976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic disease (aortic aneurysm (AA), dissection (AD)) is a serious threat to patient lives. Little is currently known about the molecular mechanisms and immune infiltration patterns underlying the development and progression of thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms (TAA and AAA), warranting further research. METHODS We downloaded AA (includes TAA and AAA) datasets from the GEO database. The potential biomarkers in TAA and AAA were identified using differential expression analysis and two machine-learning algorithms. The discrimination power of the potential biomarkers and their diagnostic accuracy was assessed in validation datasets using ROC curve analysis. Then, GSEA, KEGG, GO and DO analyses were conducted. Furthermore, two immuno-infiltration analysis algorithms were utilized to analyze the common immune infiltration patterns in TAA and AAA. Finally, a retrospective clinical study was performed on 78 patients with AD, and the serum from 6 patients was used for whole exome sequencing (WES). RESULTS The intersection of TAA and AAA datasets yielded 82 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, the biomarkers (CX3CR1 and HBB) were acquired by screening using two machine-learning algorithms and ROC curve analysis. The functional analysis of DEGs showed significant enrichment in inflammation and regulation of angiogenic pathways. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed that adaptive and innate immune responses were closely linked to AA progression. However, neither CX3CR1 nor HBB was associated with B cell-mediated humoral immunity. CX3CR1 expression was correlated with macrophages and HBB with eosinophils. Finally, our retrospective clinical study revealed a hyperinflammatory environment in aortic disease. The WES study identified disease biomarkers and gene variants, some of which may be druggable. CONCLUSION The genes CX3CR1 and HBB can be used as common biomarkers in TAA and AAA. Large numbers of innate and adaptive immune cells are infiltrated in AA and are closely linked to the development and progression of AA. Moreover, CX3CR1 and HBB are highly correlated with the infiltration of immune cells and may be potential targets of immunotherapeutic drugs. Gene mutation research is a promising direction for the treatment of aortic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin He
- Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Ya Zhan
- The Third Hospital of MianYang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, MianYang, China
| | - Chunyu Cai
- Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Dianyou Yu
- Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Qinjiang Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Liping Quan
- Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Da Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Zhile Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
- College of Clinical Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Xingshou Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
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Becker von Rose A, Kobus K, Bohmann B, Lindquist-Lilljequist M, Eilenberg W, Bassermann F, Reeps C, Eckstein HH, Trenner M, Maegdefessel L, Neumayer C, Brostjan C, Roy J, Hultgren R, Schwaiger BJ, Busch A. Radiation and chemotherapeutics are associated with altered aortic aneurysm growth in cancer patients. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2022; 64:255-264. [PMID: 35853577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Co-prevalence of aorto-iliac aneurysm (i.e. AAA) and cancer confronts patients and physicians with two life-threatening diseases. Modern chemotherapeutics and target therapies might impact the aneurysm wall integrity and subsequently affect growth. The purpose of this study was to assess associations between malignancy, therapeutic regimens and the growth rates of aorto-iliac aneurysms. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective single-center analysis identified patients with aneurysm + cancer. Patients with ≥2 CT angiograms over ≥6 months and additional malignancy were included. Clinical data and aneurysm diameters were analyzed. AAA growth under cancer therapy (chemotherapy/radiation) was compared to a non-cancer AAA control cohort and to meta-analysis data. Statistics included t-tests and a linear regression model with correction for initial aortic diameter and type of treatment. RESULTS From 2003 - 2020, 217 patients (median age 70 years; 92% male) with 246 aneurysms (58.8% AAA) and 238 malignancies were identified. Prostate (27%) and lung (16%) cancer were most frequently seen, 157 patients (72%) received chemotherapy and 105 patients (48%) radiation, thereof 79 (36.4%) both. Annual AAA growth was not significantly different for cancer and non-cancer patients (2.0±2.3 vs. 2.8±2.1mm/y, p=0.20). However, subgroup analyses revealed that radiation was associated with a significantly reduced aneurysm growth rate compared to cancer patients without radiation (1.1±1.3 vs. 1.6±2.1 mm/y, p=0.046) and to the non-cancer control cohort (1.7±1.9 vs. 2.8±2.1 mm/y, p=0.007). Administration of antimetabolites showed significantly increased AAA growth (+0.9mm/year, p=0.011), while e.g. topoisomerase inhibitors (-0.8mm/year, p=0.17) and anti-androgens (-0.5mm/year, p=0.27) showed a possible trend for reduced growth. Similar was observed for iliac aneurysms (n=85). Additionally, effects were persistent in combinations of chemotherapies (2.6±1.4 substances/patient). CONCLUSION Cancer patients with concomitant aortic aneurysms may require intensified monitoring when undergoing specific therapies, such as antimetabolites, since they may experience an increased aneurysm growth rate. Radiation may be associated with reduced aneurysm growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Becker von Rose
- III. Medical Department for Hematology and Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Kobus
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bianca Bohmann
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz Lindquist-Lilljequist
- Stockholm Aneurysm Research Group (STAR), Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wolf Eilenberg
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Florian Bassermann
- III. Medical Department for Hematology and Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Reeps
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department for Visceral-, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus and University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Henning Eckstein
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Trenner
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany; Division of Vascular Medicine, St. Josefs-Hospital Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Christine Brostjan
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Joy Roy
- Stockholm Aneurysm Research Group (STAR), Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rebecka Hultgren
- Stockholm Aneurysm Research Group (STAR), Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benedikt J Schwaiger
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Albert Busch
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany; Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department for Visceral-, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus and University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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7
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Xiong T, Lv XS, Wu GJ, Guo YX, Liu C, Hou FX, Wang JK, Fu YF, Liu FQ. Single-Cell Sequencing Analysis and Multiple Machine Learning Methods Identified G0S2 and HPSE as Novel Biomarkers for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Front Immunol 2022; 13:907309. [PMID: 35769488 PMCID: PMC9234288 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.907309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying biomarkers for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is key to understanding their pathogenesis, developing novel targeted therapeutics, and possibly improving patients outcomes and risk of rupture. Here, we identified AAA biomarkers from public databases using single-cell RNA-sequencing, weighted co-expression network (WGCNA), and differential expression analyses. Additionally, we used the multiple machine learning methods to identify biomarkers that differentiated large AAA from small AAA. Biomarkers were validated using GEO datasets. CIBERSORT was used to assess immune cell infiltration into AAA tissues and investigate the relationship between biomarkers and infiltrating immune cells. Therefore, 288 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened for AAA and normal samples. The identified DEGs were mostly related to inflammatory responses, lipids, and atherosclerosis. For the large and small AAA samples, 17 DEGs, mostly related to necroptosis, were screened. As biomarkers for AAA, G0/G1 switch 2 (G0S2) (Area under the curve [AUC] = 0.861, 0.875, and 0.911, in GSE57691, GSE47472, and GSE7284, respectively) and for large AAA, heparinase (HPSE) (AUC = 0.669 and 0.754, in GSE57691 and GSE98278, respectively) were identified and further verified by qRT-PCR. Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed that the AAA process may be mediated by T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and the large AAA process may also be mediated by Tfh cells, M1, and M2 macrophages. Additionally, G0S2 expression was associated with neutrophils, activated and resting mast cells, M0 and M1 macrophages, regulatory T cells (Tregs), resting dendritic cells, and resting CD4 memory T cells. Moreover, HPSE expression was associated with M0 and M1 macrophages, activated and resting mast cells, Tregs, and resting CD4 memory T cells. Additional, G0S2 may be an effective diagnostic biomarker for AAA, whereas HPSE may be used to confer risk of rupture in large AAAs. Immune cells play a role in the onset and progression of AAA, which may improve its diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiong
- Department of Cardiovascular, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao-Shuo Lv
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gu-Jie Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yao-Xing Guo
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yan'an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fang-Xia Hou
- Department of Cardiovascular, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Jun-Kui Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Yi-Fan Fu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Fu-Qiang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Fu-Qiang Liu,
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8
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Kawai Y, Banno H, Sato T, Ikeda S, Tsuruoka T, Sugimoto M, Niimi K, Kodama A, Matsui K, Matsui S, Komori K. Epicardial adipose tissue volume is associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm expansion. J Vasc Surg 2022; 76:1253-1260. [PMID: 35661742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2022.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epicardial adipose tissue volume (EATV) is associated with cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease. However, no information is available regarding the relationship between EATV and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) expansion. This study aimed to evaluate the association between EATV and the growth of AAA, and to identify predictors of AAA expansion. METHODS Between June 2009 and December 2019, a total of 906 patients underwent endovascular or open repair of AAA at our institution. Patients with previous cardiac surgery, previous ascending thoracic aortic surgery, ruptured AAA, infected AAA, inflammatory AAA, saccular aneurysm, solitary iliac aneurysm, or reintervention after treatment for AAA were excluded. Two hundred and thirty-seven patients with at least two preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans performed more than 180 days apart were included in this study. EATV within the pericardium was retrospectively quantified from preoperative non-contrast CT images using a 3D workstation. The EATV index was defined as EATV divided by body surface area. The AAA expansion rate was defined as the increase in AAA diameter per year, and patients were divided into the slow-expansion group, with an expansion rate < 5 mm/year, and the fast-expansion group, with an expansion rate ≥ 5 mm/year. The correlation between expansion rate and the EATV index was analyzed, and the cut-off value of the EATV index was determined using a receiver operating characteristics curve. Multivariate analysis was used to assess predictors of the AAA expansion rate. RESULTS The expansion rate of AAA was positively correlated with the EATV index (R = .237, P < .001). The initial aneurysm diameter (P < .001) and EATV index (P = .009) differed significantly between the two groups. The cut-off value of the EATV index was 60.3 cm3/m2 (area under the curve, .658; 95% confidence interval [CI], .568-.749; sensitivity, 1.000; specificity, .309). Multivariate analysis revealed that the initial aneurysm diameter and an EATV index > 60.3 cm3/m2 were significantly associated with the AAA expansion rate. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the EATV index was associated with AAA expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Kawai
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Banno
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sato
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shuta Ikeda
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takuya Tsuruoka
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sugimoto
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kiyoaki Niimi
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akio Kodama
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kota Matsui
- Department of Biostatistics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Matsui
- Department of Biostatistics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Komori
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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9
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Yuan Z, Lu Y, Wei J, Wu J, Yang J, Cai Z. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Roles of Inflammatory Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 11:609161. [PMID: 33613530 PMCID: PMC7886696 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.609161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are local dilations of infrarenal segment of aortas. Molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of AAA remain not fully clear. However, inflammation has been considered as a central player in the development of AAA. In the past few decades, studies demonstrated a host of inflammatory cells, including T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, B cells, and mast cells, etc. infiltrating into aortic walls, which implicated their crucial roles. In addition to direct cell contacts and cytokine or protease secretions, special structures like inflammasomes and neutrophil extracellular traps have been investigated to explore their functions in aneurysm formation. The above-mentioned inflammatory cells and associated structures may initiate and promote AAA expansion. Understanding their impacts and interaction networks formation is meaningful to develop new strategies of screening and pharmacological interventions for AAA. In this review, we aim to discuss the roles and mechanisms of these inflammatory cells in AAA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic Diseases, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhejun Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Jiaxing, China
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10
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Akita N, Narita Y, Yamawaki-Ogata A, Usui A, Komori K. Therapeutic effect of allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells on aortic aneurysms. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 383:781-793. [PMID: 33146827 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03295-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported the effectiveness of autologous mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for the treatment of aortic aneurysm (AA), mediated mainly by these cells' anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigate whether the therapeutic effects of allogeneic MSCs on AA are the same as those of autologous MSCs. To examine the immune response to allogeneic MSCs, C57BL/6 lymphocytes were co-cultured with BALB/c MSCs for 5 days in vitro. Apolipoprotein E-deficient C57BL/6 mice with AA induced by angiotensin II were randomly divided into three groups defined by the following intravenous injections: (i) 0.2 ml of saline (n = 10, group S) as a control, (ii) 1 × 106 autologous MSCs (isolated from C57BL/6, n = 10, group Au) and (iii) 1 × 106 allogeneic MSCs (isolated from BALB/c, n = 10, group Al). Two weeks after injection, aortic diameters were measured, along with enzymatic activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and cytokine concentrations in AAs. Neither allogenic (BALB/c) MSCs nor autologous (C57BL/6) MSCs accelerated the proliferation of lymphocytes obtained from C57BL/6. Compared with group S, groups Au and Al had significantly shorter aortic diameters (group S vs Au vs Al; 2.29 vs 1.40 vs 1.36 mm, respectively, p < 0.01), reduced MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities, downregulated IL-6 and MCP-1 and upregulated expression of IGF-1 and TIMP-2. There were no differences in these results between groups Au and Al. Thus, our study suggests that treatment with allogeneic MSCs improves chronic inflammation and reduced aortic dilatation. These effects were equivalent to those of autologous MSCs in established mouse models of AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Akita
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuji Narita
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Aika Yamawaki-Ogata
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Akihiko Usui
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Komori
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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11
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Wu ZY, Trenner M, Boon RA, Spin JM, Maegdefessel L. Long noncoding RNAs in key cellular processes involved in aortic aneurysms. Atherosclerosis 2019; 292:112-118. [PMID: 31785492 PMCID: PMC6949864 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm (AA) is a complex and dangerous vascular disease, featuring progressive and irreversible vessel dilatation. AA is typically detected either by screening, or identified incidentally through imaging studies. To date, no effective pharmacological therapies have been identified for clinical AA management, and either endovascular repair or open surgery remains the only option capable of preventing aneurysm rupture. In recent years, multiple research groups have endeavored to both identify noncoding RNAs and to clarify their function in vascular diseases, including aneurysmal pathologies. Notably, the molecular roles of noncoding RNAs in AA development appear to vary significantly between thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Some microRNAs (miRNA - a non-coding RNA subspecies) appear to contribute to AA pathophysiology, with some showing major potential for use as biomarkers or as therapeutic targets. Studies of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are more limited, and their specific contributions to disease development and progression largely remain unexplored. This review aims to summarize and discuss the most current data on lncRNAs and their mediation of AA pathophysiology. This current review covers studies that have identified long non-coding RNAs in aortic aneurysm development and progression. We separately discuss transcripts and mechanisms of importance to thoracic as well as abdominal aortic aneurysms. Functional data on lncRNAs being identified are highlighted. Some have been studied in human as well as experimental models of the disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yuan Wu
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Trenner
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinier A Boon
- Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Netherlands; Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, University Frankfurt, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, Germany
| | - Joshua M Spin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Germany; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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12
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The structural atrophy of the aneurysm wall in secondary expanding aortic aneurysms with endoleak type II. J Vasc Surg 2019; 70:1318-1326.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.10.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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13
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Endothelial retinoblastoma protein reduces abdominal aortic aneurysm development via promoting DHFR/NO pathway-mediated vasoprotection. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 460:29-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03567-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Montelukast, a Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor 1 Antagonist, Induces M2 Macrophage Polarization and Inhibits Murine Aortic Aneurysm Formation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9104680. [PMID: 31263710 PMCID: PMC6556796 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9104680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background The pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by atherosclerosis with chronic inflammation in the aortic wall. Montelukast is a selective cys-LT 1 receptor antagonist that can suppress atherosclerotic diseases. We evaluated the in vitro properties of montelukast and its in vivo activities in an angiotensin II–infused apolipoprotein E–deficient (apoE−/−) AAA mouse model. Methods The mouse monocyte/macrophage cell line J774A.1 was used in vitro. M1 macrophages were treated with montelukast, and gene expressions of inflammatory cytokines were measured. Macrophages were cultured with montelukast, then gene expressions of arginase-1 and IL (interleukin)-10 were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, arginase-1 was measured by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and IL-10 concentration was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In vivo, one group (Mont, n=7) received oral montelukast (10 mg/kg/day) for 28 days, and the other group (Saline, n=7) was given normal Saline as a control for the same period. Aortic diameters, activities of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), cytokine concentrations, and the number of M2 macrophages were analyzed. Results Relative to control, montelukast significantly suppressed gene expressions of MMP-2, MMP-9, and IL-1β, induced gene expressions of arginase-1 and IL-10, enhanced the expression of the arginase-1 cell surface protein, and increased the protein concentration of IL-10. In vivo, montelukast significantly decreased aortic expansion (Saline vs Mont; 2.44 ± 0.15 mm vs 1.59 ± 0.20 mm, P<.01), reduced MMP-2 activity (Saline vs Mont; 1240 μM vs 755 μM, P<.05), and induced infiltration of M2 macrophages (Saline vs Mont; 7.51 % vs 14.7 %, P<.05). Conclusion Montelukast induces M2 macrophage polarization and prevents AAA formation in apoE−/− mice.
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15
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Niestrawska JA, Regitnig P, Viertler C, Cohnert TU, Babu AR, Holzapfel GA. The role of tissue remodeling in mechanics and pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Acta Biomater 2019; 88:149-161. [PMID: 30735809 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Arterial walls can be regarded as composite materials consisting of collagen fibers embedded in an elastic matrix and smooth muscle cells. Remodeling of the structural proteins has been shown to play a significant role in the mechanical behavior of walls during pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). In this study, we systematically studied the change in the microstructure, histology and mechanics to link them to AAA disease progression. We performed biaxial extension tests, second-harmonic generation imaging and histology on 15 samples from the anterior part of AAA walls harvested during open aneurysm surgery. Structural data were gained by fitting to a bivariate von Mises distribution and yielded the mean fiber direction and in- and out-of-plane fiber dispersions of collagen. Mechanical and structural data were fitted to a recently proposed material model. Additionally, the mechanical data were used to derive collagen recruitment points in the obtained stress-stretch curves. We derived 14 parameters from histology such as smooth muscle cell-, elastin-, and abluminal adipocyte content. In total, 22 parameters were obtained and statistically evaluated. Based on the collagen recruitment points we were able to define three different stages of disease progression. Significant differences in elastin content, collagen orientation and adipocyte contents were discovered. Nerves entrapped inside AAA walls pointed towards a significant deposition of newly formed collagen abluminally, which we propose as neo-adventitia formation. We were able to discriminate two types of remodeled walls with a high collagen content - potentially safe and possibly vulnerable walls with a high adipocyte content inside the wall and significant amounts of inflammation. The study yielded a hypothesis for disease progression, derived from the systematic comparison of mechanical, microstructural and histological changes in AAAs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Remodeling of the structural proteins plays an important role in the mechanical behavior of walls during pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). We analyzed changes in the microstructure, histology and biomechanics of 15 samples from the anterior part of AAA walls and, for the first time, linked the results to three different stages of disease progression. We identified significant differences in elastin content, collagen orientation, adipocyte contents, and also a deposition of newly formed collagen forming a neoadventitia. We could discriminate two types of remodeled walls: (i) potentially safe and (ii) possibly vulnerable associated with inflammation and a high amount of adipocytes.
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16
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Li J, Xia N, Wen S, Li D, Lu Y, Gu M, Tang T, Jiao J, Lv B, Nie S, Liao M, Liao Y, Yang X, Hu Y, Shi GP, Cheng X. IL (Interleukin)-33 Suppresses Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Enhancing Regulatory T-Cell Expansion and Activity. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:446-458. [PMID: 30651000 PMCID: PMC6393188 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.312023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Inflammation occurs during the progression of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). IL (interleukin)-33 is a pleiotropic cytokine with multiple immunomodulatory effects, yet its role in AAA remains unknown. Approach and Results- Immunoblot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescent staining revealed increased IL-33 expression in adventitia fibroblasts from mouse AAA lesions. Daily intraperitoneal administration of recombinant IL-33 or transgenic IL-33 expression ameliorated periaorta CaPO4 injury- and aortic elastase exposure-induced AAA in mice, as demonstrated by blunted aortic expansion, reduced aortic wall elastica fragmentation, enhanced AAA lesion collagen deposition, attenuated T-cell and macrophage infiltration, reduced inflammatory cytokine production, skewed M2 macrophage polarization, and reduced lesion MMP (matrix metalloproteinase) expression and cell apoptosis. Flow cytometry analysis, immunostaining, and immunoblot analysis showed that exogenous IL-33 increased CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in spleens, blood, and aortas in periaorta CaPO4-treated mice. Yet, ST2 deficiency muted these IL-33 activities. Regulatory T cells from IL-33-treated mice also showed significantly stronger activities in suppressing smooth muscle cell inflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression, macrophage MMP expression, and in increasing M2 macrophage polarization than those from vehicle-treated mice. In contrast, IL-33 failed to prevent AAA and lost its beneficial activities in CaPO4-treated mice after selective depletion of regulatory T cells. Conclusions- Together, this study established a role of IL-33 in protecting mice from AAA formation by enhancing ST2-dependent aortic and systemic regulatory T-cell expansion and their immunosuppressive activities.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/immunology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/chemically induced
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/immunology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/prevention & control
- Calcium Phosphates/toxicity
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytokines/biosynthesis
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein/deficiency
- Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein/physiology
- Interleukin-33/genetics
- Interleukin-33/pharmacology
- Interleukin-33/physiology
- Interleukin-33/therapeutic use
- Macrophages/enzymology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Pancreatic Elastase/toxicity
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
- Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- Vascular Remodeling
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyong Li
- From the Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.L., N.X., S.W., D.L., Y.L., M.G., T.T., J.J., B.L., S.N., M.L.,Y.L., X.C.)
| | - Ni Xia
- From the Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.L., N.X., S.W., D.L., Y.L., M.G., T.T., J.J., B.L., S.N., M.L.,Y.L., X.C.)
| | - Shuang Wen
- From the Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.L., N.X., S.W., D.L., Y.L., M.G., T.T., J.J., B.L., S.N., M.L.,Y.L., X.C.)
| | - Dan Li
- From the Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.L., N.X., S.W., D.L., Y.L., M.G., T.T., J.J., B.L., S.N., M.L.,Y.L., X.C.)
| | - Yuzhi Lu
- From the Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.L., N.X., S.W., D.L., Y.L., M.G., T.T., J.J., B.L., S.N., M.L.,Y.L., X.C.)
| | - Muyang Gu
- From the Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.L., N.X., S.W., D.L., Y.L., M.G., T.T., J.J., B.L., S.N., M.L.,Y.L., X.C.)
| | - Tingting Tang
- From the Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.L., N.X., S.W., D.L., Y.L., M.G., T.T., J.J., B.L., S.N., M.L.,Y.L., X.C.)
| | - Jiao Jiao
- From the Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.L., N.X., S.W., D.L., Y.L., M.G., T.T., J.J., B.L., S.N., M.L.,Y.L., X.C.)
| | - Bingjie Lv
- From the Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.L., N.X., S.W., D.L., Y.L., M.G., T.T., J.J., B.L., S.N., M.L.,Y.L., X.C.)
| | - Shaofang Nie
- From the Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.L., N.X., S.W., D.L., Y.L., M.G., T.T., J.J., B.L., S.N., M.L.,Y.L., X.C.)
| | - Mengyang Liao
- From the Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.L., N.X., S.W., D.L., Y.L., M.G., T.T., J.J., B.L., S.N., M.L.,Y.L., X.C.)
| | - Yuhua Liao
- From the Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.L., N.X., S.W., D.L., Y.L., M.G., T.T., J.J., B.L., S.N., M.L.,Y.L., X.C.)
| | - Xiangping Yang
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (X.Y)
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (Y.H.)
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (G.P.S.)
| | - Xiang Cheng
- From the Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Key Lab for Biological Targeted Therapy of Education Ministry and Hubei Province, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (J.L., N.X., S.W., D.L., Y.L., M.G., T.T., J.J., B.L., S.N., M.L.,Y.L., X.C.)
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Raffort
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital of Nice, Nice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, Inserm U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Fabien Lareyre
- Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, Inserm U1065, C3M, Nice, France.,Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Nice, Nice, France
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18
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Araújo AC, Tang X, Haeggström JZ. Targeting cysteinyl-leukotrienes in abdominal aortic aneurysm. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2018; 139:24-28. [PMID: 30248405 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an asymptomatic dilatation of the vessel wall exceeding the normal vessel diameter by 50%, accompanied by intramural thrombus formation. Since the aneurysm can rupture, AAA is a life-threatening vascular disease, which may be amenable to surgical repair. At present, no pharmacological therapy for AAA is available. The 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism leads to biosynthesis of leukotrienes (LTs), potent lipid mediators with pro-inflammatory biological actions. Among the LTs, cysteinyl-leukotrienes (cys-LT) are well-recognized signaling molecules in human asthma and allergic rhinitis. However, the effects of these molecules in cardiovascular diseases have only recently been explored. Drugs antagonizing the CysLT1 receptor, termed lukasts and typified by montelukast, are established therapeutics for clinical management of asthma. Lukasts are safe, well-tolerated drugs that can be administered during long time periods. Here we describe recent data indicating that montelukast may be used for prevention and treatment of AAA, thus representing a promising pharmacological tool for a deadly vascular disease with significant socio-economic impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Araújo
- Division of Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Xiao Tang
- Division of Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Jesper Z Haeggström
- Division of Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 65 Solna, Sweden.
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Lange C, Sommerfeld M, Namsolleck P, Kintscher U, Unger T, Kaschina E. AT
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R (Angiotensin AT2 Receptor) Agonist, Compound 21, Prevents Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Progression in the Rat. Hypertension 2018; 72:e20-e29. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Lange
- From the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Germany (C.L., M.S., U.K., E.K.)
| | - Manuela Sommerfeld
- From the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Germany (C.L., M.S., U.K., E.K.)
| | - Pawel Namsolleck
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, The Netherlands (P.N., T.U.)
| | - Ulrich Kintscher
- From the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Germany (C.L., M.S., U.K., E.K.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany (U.K.)
| | - Thomas Unger
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, The Netherlands (P.N., T.U.)
| | - Elena Kaschina
- From the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Germany (C.L., M.S., U.K., E.K.)
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20
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Busch A, Chernogubova E, Jin H, Meurer F, Eckstein HH, Kim M, Maegdefessel L. Four Surgical Modifications to the Classic Elastase Perfusion Aneurysm Model Enable Haemodynamic Alterations and Extended Elastase Perfusion. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2018; 56:102-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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21
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Interleukin-3 is required for thoracic aneurysm and dissection in a mouse model. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:1253-1256. [DOI: 10.1042/cs20180185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) is complex and incompletely understood. The hallmarks of the disease process are aortic inflammatory cell infiltration and protease mediated elastic fiber disruption. In a study recently published in Clinical Science (2018) 132 (6), 655–668), Liu et al. explore the mechanism through which aortic vascular smooth cells and macrophages participate in TAAD using a mouse model. The authors propose that interleukin-3 (IL-3) released from aortic vascular smooth cells is central to the disease process. IL-3 stimulated matrix metalloproteinase 12 (MMP12) release from macrophages via mitogen activated protein kinase pathways. MMP12 is a protease known to be involved in both aortic aneurysm and dissection. IL-3 knockout mice had significantly reduced aortic wall MMP12, and reduced protease activity. This was associated with protection against TAAD.
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Giordano G, Giannikouris IE, Viganò S, Bacchini G. Vascular access donor artery dilatation: Considerations about the formation mechanism in immunosuppressed patient. J Vasc Access 2018. [PMID: 29529931 DOI: 10.1177/1129729817747542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Giordano
- 1 Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Respiratory Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Sara Viganò
- 3 Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, A. Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bacchini
- 3 Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, A. Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy
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23
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Defective p27 phosphorylation at serine 10 affects vascular reactivity and increases abdominal aortic aneurysm development via Cox-2 activation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 116:5-15. [PMID: 29408196 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation at serine 10 (S10) is the major posttranslational modification of the tumor suppressor p27, and is reduced in both human and mouse atherosclerosis. Moreover, a lack of p27-phospho-S10 in apolipoprotein E-null mice (apoE-/-) leads to increased high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis associated with endothelial dysfunction and augmented leukocyte recruitment. In this study, we analyzed whether p27-phospho-S10 modulates additional endothelial functions and associated pathologies. Defective p27-phospho-S10 increases COX-2 activity in mouse aortic endothelial cells without affecting other key regulators of vascular reactivity, reduces endothelium-dependent dilation, and increases arterial contractility. Lack of p27-phospho-S10 also elevates aortic COX-2 expression and thromboxane A2 production, increases aortic lumen diameter, and aggravates angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm development in apoE-/- mice. All these abnormal responses linked to defective p27-phospho-S10 are blunted by pharmacological inhibition of COX-2. These results demonstrate that defective p27-phospho-S10 modifies endothelial behavior and promotes aneurysm formation via COX-2 activation.
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24
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Ramadan A, Singh KK, Quan A, Plant PJ, Al-Omran M, Teoh H, Verma S. Loss of vascular smooth muscle cell autophagy exacerbates angiotensin II-associated aortic remodeling. J Vasc Surg 2017; 68:859-871. [PMID: 29273297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathophysiologic processes of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) and atherosclerosis often intersect. Given that anomalies in vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) autophagy have been noted in models of atherosclerosis, we sought to evaluate the potential role that SMC autophagy may play in the initiation and progression of AAAs. METHODS Studies were conducted in ATG7flx/flxSM22α-Cretg/+ (SMC ATG7 knockout [SMC-ATG7-KO]) and ATG7WT/WT; SM22α-Cretg/+ (SMC ATG7 wild-type [SMC-ATG7-WT]) littermates that were continuously infused with angiotensin II (Ang II; 1.5 mg/kg/d) for up to 12 weeks. Mortality, morbidity, hemodynamics, and aortic remodeling were documented. RESULTS During the 12-week observation window, all of the Ang II-treated SMC-ATG-WT mice (n = 6) survived, whereas 10 of the 19 Ang II-treated SMC-ATG-KO mice had died by week 7 (log-rank test, P < .001). Mean arterial pressure (128.07 ± 3.4 mm Hg for Ang II-treated SMC-ATG-KO vs 138.5 ± 5.87 mm Hg for Ang II-treated SMC-ATG-WT mice) and diastolic arterial pressure (109.7 ± 2.55 mm Hg for Ang II-treated SMC-ATG7-KO vs 119.4 ± 2.12 mm Hg for Ang II-treated SMC-ATG7-WT mice) were significantly different between the two groups (P < .01). Cardiac rupture, myocardial infarct, end-organ damage, pleural effusion, and venous distention were noted in Ang II-treated SMC-ATG7-KO but not in Ang II-treated SMC-ATG7-WT mice. Although the suprarenal aortic diameters of the Ang II-treated SMC-ATG7-KO group demonstrated a trending increase (at week 4, 1.26 ± 0.06 mm [n = 14] for Ang II-treated SMC-ATG-KO mice vs 1.09 ± 0.02 mm [n = 5] for Ang II-treated SMC-ATG-WT mice; P < .05), only 2 of the 19 developed abdominal aortic dissections. CONCLUSIONS Mice with SMC ATG7 deficiency that are chronically infused with Ang II do not tend to develop dissecting AAA but do exhibit adverse aortic remodeling and appreciable cardiac failure-associated mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Ramadan
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krishna K Singh
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adrian Quan
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pamela J Plant
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohammed Al-Omran
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; King Saud University-Li Ka Shing Collaborative Research Program, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hwee Teoh
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Subodh Verma
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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25
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Busch A, Hartmann E, Grimm C, Ergün S, Kickuth R, Otto C, Kellersmann R, Lorenz U. Heterogeneous histomorphology, yet homogeneous vascular smooth muscle cell dedifferentiation, characterize human aneurysm disease. J Vasc Surg 2017; 66:1553-1564.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2016.07.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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26
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Rocca A, Tafuri D, Paccone M, Giuliani A, Zamboli AGI, Surfaro G, Paccone A, Compagna R, Amato M, Serra R, Amato B. Cell Based Therapeutic Approach in Vascular Surgery: Application and Review. Open Med (Wars) 2017; 12:308-322. [PMID: 29071303 PMCID: PMC5651406 DOI: 10.1515/med-2017-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Multipotent stem cells - such as mesenchymal stem/stromal cells and stem cells derived from different sources like vascular wall are intensely studied to try to rapidly translate their discovered features from bench to bedside. Vascular wall resident stem cells recruitment, differentiation, survival, proliferation, growth factor production, and signaling pathways transduced were analyzed. We studied biological properties of vascular resident stem cells and explored the relationship from several factors as Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) and regulations of biological, translational and clinical features of these cells. In this review we described a translational and clinical approach to Adult Vascular Wall Resident Multipotent Vascular Stem Cells (VW-SCs) and reported their involvement in alternative clinical approach as cells based therapy in vascular disease like arterial aneurysms or peripheral arterial obstructive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Rocca
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyVia Sergio Pansini, 80131Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Tafuri
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Paccone
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences Vincenzo Tiberio, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Antonio Giuliani
- A.O.R.N. A. Cardarelli Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplatation Center, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Surfaro
- Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, General Surgery Unit, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Andrea Paccone
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences Vincenzo Tiberio, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Rita Compagna
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizo Amato
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Serra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Bruno Amato
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
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27
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Joviliano EE, Ribeiro MS, Tenorio EJR. MicroRNAs and Current Concepts on the Pathogenesis of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2017; 32:215-224. [PMID: 28832801 PMCID: PMC5570395 DOI: 10.21470/1678-9741-2016-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abdominal aortic aneurysm is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Currently, the only way to prevent rupture and death related to abdominal aortic aneurysms is through surgical intervention. Endovascular treatment is associated with less morbidity than conventional treatment. The formation of an aneurysm is a complex multifactorial process, involving destructive remodeling of the connective tissue around the affected segment of the aorta wall. MicroRNAs are small sequences of non-coding RNAs that control diverse cellular functions by promoting degradation or inhibition of translation of specific mRNAs. A profile aberrant expression of miRNAs has been linked to human diseases, including cardiovascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwaldo Edner Joviliano
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Serra Ribeiro
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Junior Ramos Tenorio
- Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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28
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Cao X, Cai Z, Liu J, Zhao Y, Wang X, Li X, Xia H. miRNA‑504 inhibits p53‑dependent vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis and may prevent aneurysm formation. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:2570-2578. [PMID: 28677789 PMCID: PMC5548046 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common disease that is associated with the proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). VSMCs are regulated by microRNAs (miRNA). The aim of the present study was to identify miRNA sequences that regulate aortic SMCs during AAA. miRNA-504 was identified using a miRNA PCR array and by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, and its expression levels were observed to be downregulated in the aortic cells derived from patients with AAA when compared with controls. Transfection of SMCs with pMSCV-miRNA-504 vector was performed, and cell proliferation and the expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), replication factor C subunit 4 (RFC4), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and caspase-3/9 were measured by western blotting. The mechanisms underlying the effects of miRNA-504 was then analyzed. The results demonstrated that overexpression of miRNA-504 significantly upregulated the expression levels of PCNA, RFC4 and Bcl-2, while caspase-3/9 expression was significantly inhibited when compared with non-targeting controls. In addition, miRNA-504 overexpression was observed to promote the proliferation of SMCs. The expression level of the tumor suppressor, p53, which is known to be a direct target of miRNA-504, was inhibited following transfection of SMCs with pMSCV-miRNA-504. In addition, the expression of the downstream targets of p53, p21 and Bcl-like protein-4, were significantly reduced following overexpression of miRNA-504. These results revealed the anti-apoptotic role of miRNA-504 in SMCs derived from patients with AAA via direct targeting of p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150006, P.R. China
| | - Zhenguo Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150006, P.R. China
| | - Junyan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150006, P.R. China
| | - Yanru Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150006, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150006, P.R. China
| | - Xueqi Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150006, P.R. China
| | - Hongyuan Xia
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150006, P.R. China
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29
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Busch A, Grimm C, Hartmann E, Paloschi V, Kickuth R, Lengquist M, Otto C, Eriksson P, Kellersmann R, Lorenz U, Maegdefessel L. Vessel wall morphology is equivalent for different artery types and localizations of advanced human aneurysms. Histochem Cell Biol 2017; 148:425-433. [PMID: 28478588 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-017-1575-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aneurysm formation occurs most frequently as abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), but is also seen in other localizations like thoracic or peripheral aneurysm. While initial mechanisms for aneurysm induction remain elusive, observations from AAA samples show transmural inflammation with proteolytic imbalance and repair mechanisms triggered by the innate immune system. However, limited knowledge exists about aneurysm pathology, especially for others than AAA. We compared 42 AAA, 15 popliteal, 3 ascending aortic, five iliac, two femoral, two brachial, one visceral and two secondary aneurysms to non-aneurysmatic controls by histologic analysis, immunohistochemistry and cytokine expression. Muscular and elastic type arteries show a uniform way of aneurysm formation. All samples show similar morphology. The changes compared to controls are distinct and include matrix remodeling with smooth muscle cell phenotype switch and angiogenesis, adventitial lymphoid cell accumulation and M1 macrophage homing together with neutrophil inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines are up-regulated accordingly. Comparative analysis of different disease entities can identify characteristic pathomechanisms. The phenotype of human advanced aneurysm disease is observed for elastic and muscular type arteries, does not differ between disease localizations and might, thus, be a unique response of the vasculature to the still unknown trigger of aneurysm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Busch
- Clinic for General, Visceral, Vascular & Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. .,Molecular Vascular Medicine Group, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Caroline Grimm
- Clinic for General, Visceral, Vascular & Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elena Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Mainfranken, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Valentina Paloschi
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular MedicineKarolinska, University hospital Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ralph Kickuth
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mariette Lengquist
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Christoph Otto
- Clinic for General, Visceral, Vascular & Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Per Eriksson
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Center for Molecular MedicineKarolinska, University hospital Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Richard Kellersmann
- Clinic for General, Visceral, Vascular & Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Udo Lorenz
- Clinic for General, Visceral, Vascular & Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Molecular Vascular Medicine Group, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
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30
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Elevated Adiponectin Levels Suppress Perivascular and Aortic Inflammation and Prevent AngII-induced Advanced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31414. [PMID: 27659201 PMCID: PMC5034224 DOI: 10.1038/srep31414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a degenerative disease characterized by aortic dilation and rupture leading to sudden death. Currently, no non-surgical treatments are available and novel therapeutic targets are needed to prevent AAA. We investigated whether increasing plasma levels of adiponectin (APN), a pleiotropic adipokine, provides therapeutic benefit to prevent AngII-induced advanced AAA in a well-established preclinical model. In the AngII-infused hyperlipidemic low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mouse (LDLR-/-) model, we induced plasma APN levels using a recombinant adenovirus expressing mouse APN (AdAPN) and as control, adenovirus expressing green florescent protein (AdGFP). APN expression produced sustained and significant elevation of total and high-molecular weight APN levels and enhanced APN localization in the artery wall. AngII infusion for 8 weeks induced advanced AAA development in AdGFP mice. Remarkably, APN inhibited the AAA development in AdAPN mice by suppressing aortic inflammatory cell infiltration, medial degeneration and elastin fragmentation. APN inhibited the angiotensin type-1 receptor (AT1R), inflammatory cytokine and mast cell protease expression, and induced lysyl oxidase (LOX) in the aortic wall, improved systemic cytokine profile and attenuated adipose inflammation. These studies strongly support APN therapeutic actions through multiple mechanisms inhibiting AngII-induced AAA and increasing plasma APN levels as a strategy to prevent advanced AAA.
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31
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Busch A, Holm A, Wagner N, Ergün S, Rosenfeld M, Otto C, Baur J, Kellersmann R, Lorenz U. Extra- and Intraluminal Elastase Induce Morphologically Distinct Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Mice and Thus Represent Specific Subtypes of Human Disease. J Vasc Res 2016; 53:49-57. [DOI: 10.1159/000447263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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32
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Activation of the vitamin D receptor selectively interferes with calcineurin-mediated inflammation: a clinical evaluation in the abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Transl Med 2016; 96:784-90. [PMID: 27239732 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2016.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo studies attribute potent immune regulatory properties to the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Yet, it is unclear to what extend these observations translate to the clinical context of (vascular) inflammation. This clinical study evaluates the potential of a VDR agonist to quench vascular inflammation. Patients scheduled for open abdominal aneurysm repair received paricalcitol 1 μg daily during 2-4 weeks before repair. Results were compared with matched controls. Evaluation in a parallel group showed that AAA patients are vitamin D insufficient (median plasma vitamin D: 43 (30-62 (IQR)) nmol/l). Aneurysm wall samples were collected during surgery, and the inflammatory footprint was studied. The brief paricalcitol intervention resulted in a selective 73% reduction in CD4+ T-helper cell content (P<0.024) and a parallel 35% reduction in T-cell (CD3+) content (P<0.032). On the mRNA level, paricalcitol reduced expression of T-cell-associated cytokines IL-2, 4, and 10 (P<0.019). No effect was found on other inflammatory mediators. On the protease level, selective effects were found for cathepsin K (P<0.036) and L (P<0.005). Collectively, these effects converge at the level of calcineurin activity. An effect of the VDR agonist on calcineurin activity was confirmed in a mixed lymphocyte reaction. In conclusion, brief course of the VDR agonist paricalcitol has profound effects on local inflammation via reduced T-cell activation. The anti-inflammatory potential of VDR activation in vitamin D insufficient patients is highly selective and appears to be mediated by an effect on calcineurin-mediated responses.
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IL-6: A Janus-like factor in abdominal aortic aneurysm disease. Atherosclerosis 2016; 251:139-146. [PMID: 27318834 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is part of the atherosclerotic spectrum of diseases. The disease is hallmarked by a comprehensive localized inflammatory response with striking IL-6 hyperexpression. IL-6 is a multifaceted cytokine that, depending on the context, acts as a pro- or anti-inflammatory factor. In this study, we explore a putative role for IL-6 in AAA disease. METHODS ELISA's, Western blot analysis, real time PCR and array analysis were used to investigate IL-6 expression and signaling in aneurysm wall samples from patients undergoing elective AAA repair. A role for IL-6 in AAA disease was tested through IL-6 neutralization experiments (neutralizing antibody) in the elastase model of AAA disease. RESULTS We confirmed an extreme disparity in aortic wall IL-6 content between AAA and atherosclerotic disease (median [5th-95th percentile] aortic wall IL-6 content: 281.6 [0.0-1820.8] (AAA) vs. 1.9 [0.0-37.8] μg/g protein (atherosclerotic aorta), (p < 0.001). Array analysis followed by pathway analysis showed that IL-6 hyper-expression is followed by increased IL-6 signaling (p < 0.000039), an observation confirmed by higher aneurysm wall pSTAT3 levels, and SOCS1 and SOCS3 mRNA expression, (p < 0.018). Remarkably, preventive IL-6 neutralization i.e. treatment started one day prior to the elastase-induction resulted in >40% 7-day mortality due to aortic rupture. In contrast, delayed IL-6 neutralization (i.e. neutralization started at day 4 after elastase induction) did not result in ruptures, and quenched AAA growth (p < 0.021). CONCLUSIONS AAA disease is characterized by increased IL-6 signaling. In the context of the elastase model of AAA disease, IL-6 appears a multi-faceted factor, protective upon acute injury, but negatively involved in the perpetuation of the disease process.
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Rodella LF, Rezzani R, Bonomini F, Peroni M, Cocchi MA, Hirtler L, Bonardelli S. Abdominal aortic aneurysm and histological, clinical, radiological correlation. Acta Histochem 2016; 118:256-62. [PMID: 26858185 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To date, the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurism (AAA) still remains unclear. As such, the aim of this study was to evaluate changes of the aortic structure during AAA. We analysed the microscopic frame of vessels sections, starting from the primum movens leading to abnormal dilatation. AAA samples were collected and processed through various staining methods (Verhoeff-Van Gieson, Masson Goldner, Sirius Red). Subsequently, the vessel morphology and collagenic web of the tunica media and adventitia were determined and the amount of type I and type III collagen was measured. We also applied immune-histochemistry markers for CD34 and PGP 9.5 in order to identify vascular and nerve structures in the aorta. Immune-positivity quantification was used to calculate the percentage of the stained area. We found increasing deposition of type I collagen and reduced type III collagen in both tunica media and adventitia of AAA. The total amount of vasa vasorum, marked with CD34, and nerva vasorum, marked with PGP 9.5, was also higher in AAA samples. Cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure, dyslipidemia, cigarette smoking) and radiological data (maximum aneurism diameter, intra-luminal thrombus, aortic wall calcification) increased these changes. These results suggest that the tunica adventitia may have a central role in the pathogenesis of AAA as clearly there are major changes characterized by rooted inflammatory infiltration. The presence of immune components could explain these modifications within the framework of the aorta.
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Ren J, Liu Z, Wang Q, Giles J, Greenberg J, Sheibani N, Kent KC, Liu B. Andrographolide Ameliorates Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Progression by Inhibiting Inflammatory Cell Infiltration through Downregulation of Cytokine and Integrin Expression. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 356:137-47. [PMID: 26483397 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.227934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), characterized by exuberant inflammation and tissue deterioration, is a common aortic disease associated with a high mortality rate. There is currently no established pharmacological therapy to treat this progressive disease. Andrographolide (Andro), a major bioactive component of the herbaceous plant Andrographis paniculata, has been found to exhibit potent anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activity in several disease models. In this study, we investigated the ability of Andro to suppress inflammation associated with aneurysms, and whether it may be used to block the progression of AAA. Whereas diseased aortae continued to expand in the solvent-treated group, daily administration of Andro to mice with small aneurysms significantly attenuated aneurysm growth, as measured by the diminished expansion of aortic diameter (165.68 ± 15.85% vs. 90.62 ± 22.91%, P < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry analyses revealed that Andro decreased infiltration of monocytes/macrophages and T cells. Mechanistically, Andro inhibited arterial NF-κB activation and reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines [CCL2, CXCL10, tumor necrosis factor α, and interferon-γ] in the treated aortae. Furthermore, Andro suppressed α4 integrin expression and attenuated the ability of monocytes/macrophages to adhere to activated endothelial cells. These results indicate that Andro suppresses progression of AAA, likely through inhibition of inflammatory cell infiltration via downregulation of NF-κB-mediated cytokine production and α4 integrin expression. Thus, Andro may offer a pharmacological therapy to slow disease progression in patients with small aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ren
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (J.R., Z.L., Q.W., J.Gi., J.Gr., K.C.K., B.L.) and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (N.S.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; And Department of Vascular Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China (Z.L.)
| | - Zhenjie Liu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (J.R., Z.L., Q.W., J.Gi., J.Gr., K.C.K., B.L.) and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (N.S.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; And Department of Vascular Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China (Z.L.)
| | - Qiwei Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (J.R., Z.L., Q.W., J.Gi., J.Gr., K.C.K., B.L.) and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (N.S.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; And Department of Vascular Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China (Z.L.)
| | - Jasmine Giles
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (J.R., Z.L., Q.W., J.Gi., J.Gr., K.C.K., B.L.) and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (N.S.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; And Department of Vascular Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China (Z.L.)
| | - Jason Greenberg
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (J.R., Z.L., Q.W., J.Gi., J.Gr., K.C.K., B.L.) and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (N.S.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; And Department of Vascular Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China (Z.L.)
| | - Nader Sheibani
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (J.R., Z.L., Q.W., J.Gi., J.Gr., K.C.K., B.L.) and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (N.S.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; And Department of Vascular Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China (Z.L.)
| | - K Craig Kent
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (J.R., Z.L., Q.W., J.Gi., J.Gr., K.C.K., B.L.) and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (N.S.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; And Department of Vascular Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China (Z.L.)
| | - Bo Liu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (J.R., Z.L., Q.W., J.Gi., J.Gr., K.C.K., B.L.) and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (N.S.), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin; And Department of Vascular Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China (Z.L.)
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Tanios F, Pelisek J, Lutz B, Reutersberg B, Matevossian E, Schwamborn K, Hösel V, Eckstein HH, Reeps C. CXCR4: A Potential Marker for Inflammatory Activity in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Wall. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2015; 50:745-53. [PMID: 26346005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2015.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential role of chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its ligand CXCL12 in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). METHODS AAA tissue specimens were obtained from the anterior or lateral aneurysm sac of patients (n = 32, 26 males, 6 females; 66.8 ± 11.2 years, diameter 64.4 ± 17.0 mm), who underwent elective open surgical repair. Twelve non-aneurysmal aortic specimens from transplant donors served as controls. Expression analysis of CXCR4 and CXCL12 at mRNA and protein level was determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot. Immunohistochemical staining of corresponding histological sections for CD3 (T-cells), CD20 (B-cells), and CD68 (macrophages) was performed to determine the cellular localization of CXCR4 and CXCL12. Data were analyzed with SPSS 20.0 using Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS Gene expression of CXCR4 and CXCL12 was 9.6 and 4.6 fold higher in AAA than in non-aneurysmal aorta (p = .0004 and p < .0001, respectively). Likewise, the protein level of CXCR4 was increased 3.2 fold in AAA wall compared with non-aneurysmal aortic tissue (p < .0001), although CXCL12 could not be detected. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that CXCR4 was expressed in B and T lymphocytes and macrophages, and CXCL12 was observed only in plasma cells. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed the over expression of CXCR4 in human AAA tissue. CXCR4 was detected both at the mRNA and the protein level and by immunohistochemistry, especially in inflammatory cells. In contrast, CXCL12 expression was observed only at the mRNA level, with the exception of plasma cells. The exact role of CXCR4/CXCL12 in AAA has to be further elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Tanios
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - J Pelisek
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.
| | - B Lutz
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - B Reutersberg
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - E Matevossian
- Department of Surgery, Munich Transplant Centre, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - K Schwamborn
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - V Hösel
- Department of Mathematical Modeling of Biological Systems, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - H-H Eckstein
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - C Reeps
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
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Lindeman JHN. The pathophysiologic basis of abdominal aortic aneurysm progression: a critical appraisal. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2015; 13:839-51. [PMID: 26028299 DOI: 10.1586/14779072.2015.1052408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An aneurysm of the abdominal aorta is a common pathology and a major cause of sudden death in the elderly. Currently, abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) can only be treated by surgery and an effective medical therapy is urgently missing. The pathophysiology of AAAs is complex and is believed to be best described as a comprehensive inflammatory response with an accompanying proteolytic imbalance; the latter being held responsible for the progressive weakening of the aortic wall. Remarkably, while interference in inflammatory and/or proteolytic cascades proves highly effective in preclinical studies, emerging clinical studies consistently fail to show a benefit. In fact, some anti-inflammatory interventions appear to adversely influence the disease process. Altogether, recent clinical observations not only challenge the prevailing concepts of AAA progression, but also raise doubt on the translatability of findings from rodent models for growing AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan H N Lindeman
- Department Vascular and Transplant Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Amato B, Compagna R, Amato M, Grande R, Butrico L, Rossi A, Naso A, Ruggiero M, de Franciscis S, Serra R. Adult vascular wall resident multipotent vascular stem cells, matrix metalloproteinases, and arterial aneurysms. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:434962. [PMID: 25866513 PMCID: PMC4381852 DOI: 10.1155/2015/434962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidences have shown the presence of multipotent stem cells (SCs) at sites of arterial aneurysms: they can differentiate into smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and are activated after residing in a quiescent state in the vascular wall. Recent studies have implicated the role of matrix metalloproteinases in the pathogenesis of arterial aneurysms: in fact the increased synthesis of MMPs by arterial SMCs is thought to be a pivotal mechanism in aneurysm formation. The factors and signaling pathways involved in regulating wall resident SC recruitment, survival, proliferation, growth factor production, and differentiation may be also related to selective expression of different MMPs. This review explores the relationship between adult vascular wall resident multipotent vascular SCs, MMPs, and arterial aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Amato
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy ; Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Compagna
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy ; Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Amato
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Grande
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Lucia Butrico
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessio Rossi
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 88100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Agostino Naso
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Ruggiero
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano de Franciscis
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy ; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Raffaele Serra
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), International Research and Educational Program in Clinical and Experimental Biotechnology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy ; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Carson JS, Xiong W, Dale M, Yu F, Duryee MJ, Anderson DR, Thiele GM, Baxter BT. Antibodies against malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde adducts can help identify patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm. J Vasc Surg 2015; 63:477-84. [PMID: 25724613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2014.08.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a pathologic dilation of the aorta. Inflammation of the aortic wall has been shown to be involved in AAA formation. Malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA) adducts are MAA/protein hybrids with immunogenic, proinflammatory, and profibrotic properties. Levels of MAA adducts are elevated in patients with coronary artery disease; however, the role of MAA adducts in AAA is unclear. We hypothesize that levels of circulating antibodies against MAA adducts are increased in patients with AAA. METHODS Plasma samples were collected from mice and patients with AAA and control patients with atherosclerosis but not AAA. AAA was induced in mice by a standard CaCl2 protocol, with matching sham mice. Plasma levels of anti-MAA antibodies were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Patients with AAA exhibited higher levels of immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A anti-MAA antibody subtypes (P = .049 and .026, respectively) compared with control patients. Conversely, immunoglobulin M anti-MAA antibodies in AAA patients were lower compared with control patients (P = .018). In CaCl2-treated mice, immunoglobulin G anti-MAA antibodies were elevated after AAA formation (P = .006). CONCLUSIONS The pattern of anti-MAA antibodies is able to distinguish between patients with AAA and patients with atherosclerosis but no AAA. These results demonstrate that MAA adducts are associated with AAA and suggest that they may play a role in either initiating or propagating chronic inflammation in AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Carson
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb
| | - Wanfen Xiong
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb
| | - Matthew Dale
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb
| | - Michael J Duryee
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Neb; Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb
| | - Daniel R Anderson
- Experimental Immunology, Research in Cardiovascular Disease Laboratory, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb
| | - Geoffrey M Thiele
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Neb; Experimental Immunology Laboratory, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb
| | - B Timothy Baxter
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Neb.
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Kloster BO, Lund L, Lindholt JS. Induction of continuous expanding infrarenal aortic aneurysms in a large porcine animal model. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2015; 4:30-5. [PMID: 25685342 PMCID: PMC4323759 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A large animal model with a continuous expanding infrarenal aortic aneurysm gives access to a more realistic AAA model with anatomy and physiology similar to humans, and thus allows for new experimental research in the natural history and treatment options of the disease. Methods 10 pigs (group A) underwent infrarenal aortic dissection, balloon dilatation, infusion of elastase into the lumen and placement of a stenosing cuff around the aorta. 10 control pigs (group B) underwent a sham procedure. The subsequent 28 days the AP-diameters of the aneurysms were measured using ultrasound, hereafter the pigs were euthanized for inspection and AAA wall sampling for histological analysis. Results In group A, all pigs developed continuous expanding AAA's with a mean increase in AP-diameter to 16.26 ± 0.93 mm equivalent to a 57% increase. In group B the AP-diameters increased to 11.33 ± 0.13 mm equivalent to 9.3% which was significantly less than in group A (p < 0.001). In group A, a significant negative association between the preoperative weight and the resulting AP-diameters was found. Histology shoved more or less complete resolution of the elastic tissue in the tunica media in group A. The most frequent complication was a neurological deficit in the lower limbs. Conclusion In pigs it's possible to induce continuous expanding AAA's based upon proteolytic degradation and pathological flow, resembling the real life dynamics of human aneurysms. Because the lumbars are preserved, it's also a potential model for further studies of novel endovascular devices and their complications. A large porcine animal model of AAA disease that mimics human aneurysm pathology. The first large AAA animal model to demonstrate a continuous AAA expansion over time. A potential model for further research into the natural history and prognosis of AAA's. Due to preserved lumbars a potential model for further EVAR/Endoleak research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian O Kloster
- Vascular Research Unit, Department of Vascular Surgery, Viborg Regional Hospital, Heibergs Alle 4, 8800 Viborg, Denmark
| | - Lars Lund
- Department of Urology, OUH Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Jes S Lindholt
- Vascular Research Unit, Department of Vascular Surgery, Viborg Regional Hospital, Heibergs Alle 4, 8800 Viborg, Denmark ; Elitary Research Centre of Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, OUH Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
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Gao F, Chambon P, Offermanns S, Tellides G, Kong W, Zhang X, Li W. Disruption of TGF-β signaling in smooth muscle cell prevents elastase-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 454:137-43. [PMID: 25450370 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling has been significantly implicated in the pathogenesis of aneurysm, prominently the initiation and progression of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) is the principal resident cell in aortic wall and is essential for its structure and function. However, the role of TGF-β pathway in SMC for the formation of AAA remains unknown. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of TGF-β pathway in SMC for AAA pathogenesis, by using a genetical smooth muscle-specific (SM-specific) TGF-β type II receptor (Tgfbr2) disruption animal model. Mice deficient in the expression of Tgfbr2 (MyhCre.Tgfbr2(f/f) and MyhCre.Tgfbr2(WT/f)) and their corresponding wild-type background mice (MyhCre.Tgfbr2(WT/WT)) underwent AAA induction by infrarenal peri-adventitial application of elastase. Fourteen days after elastase treatment, the aortas were analyzed and indicated that disruption of 1 or 2 alleles of Tgfbr2 in SMC provided markedly step-wise protection from AAA formation. And elastin degradation, medial SMC loss, macrophage infiltration, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) expression were all significantly reduced in Tgfbr2 deletion mice. Our study demonstrated, for the first time, that the TGF-β signaling pathway in SMC plays a critical role in AAA and disruption can prevent the aneurysm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Gao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pierre Chambon
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (CNRS UMR7104; INSERM U596; ULP, Collége de France) and Institut Clinique de la Souris, ILLKIRCH, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - George Tellides
- Department of Surgery, Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College of Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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T lymphocytes and aortic aneurysms. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2014; 57:795-801. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-014-4699-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tsai SH, Huang PH, Peng YJ, Chang WC, Tsai HY, Leu HB, Chen JW, Lin SJ. Zoledronate attenuates angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm through inactivation of Rho/ROCK-dependent JNK and NF-κB pathway. Cardiovasc Res 2014; 100:501-10. [PMID: 24225494 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvt230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening disease affecting almost 10% of the population over the age of 65. Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs) have been shown to exert anti-atherogenic and anti-angiogenic effects, but the potential effects of N-BPs on AAA remain unclear. Here, we tested whether a potent N-BP, zoledronate, can attenuate the formation of Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced AAA in hyperlipidaemic mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Low-density lipoprotein receptor(-/-) (LDLR(-/-)) mice infused for 28 days with Ang II were treated with placebo and 100 μg/kg/day zoledronate. Continuous Ang II infusion in LDLR(-/-) mice exhibited a 59% incidence of AAA formation, and treatment with zoledronate decreased AAA formation (21%). Compared with the saline group, administration of zoledronate in Ang II-infused LDLR(-/-) mice attenuated the expansion of the suprarenal aorta (maximal aortic diameter), reduced elastin degradation in the media layer of the aorta, and significantly diminished vascular inflammation by reduction in vascular cell adhesion molecule expression and macrophage accumulation. Treatment with zoledronate decreased matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in aortic tissues. Zoledronate-treated mice had significant down-regulation of JNK, NF-κB, and reduced Ang II-induced Rho/ROCK activation. Zoledronate reduced monocytes adherence to human aortic endothelial cells in vitro. CONCLUSION Zoledronate-attenuated Ang II induced AAA formation by suppression of MMP-2 activity and suppressed vascular inflammation and Ang II-induced Rho/ROCK activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hung Tsai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ren J, Wang Q, Morgan S, Si Y, Ravichander A, Dou C, Kent KC, Liu B. Protein kinase C-δ (PKCδ) regulates proinflammatory chemokine expression through cytosolic interaction with the NF-κB subunit p65 in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:9013-26. [PMID: 24519937 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.515957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Proinflammatory chemokines released by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play a critical role in vascular inflammation. Protein kinase C-δ (PKCδ) has been shown to be up-regulated in VSMCs of injured arteries. PKCδ knock-out (Prkcd(-/-)) mice are resistant to inflammation as well as apoptosis in models of abdominal aortic aneurysm. However, the precise mechanism by which PKCδ modulates inflammation remains incompletely understood. In this study, we identified four inflammatory chemokines (Ccl2/Mcp-1, Ccl7, Cxcl16, and Cx3cl1) of over 45 PKCδ-regulated genes associated with inflammatory response by microarray analysis. Using CCL2 as a prototype, we demonstrated that PKCδ stimulated chemokine expression at the transcriptional level. Inhibition of the NF-κB pathway or siRNA knockdown of subunit p65, but not p50, eliminated the effect of PKCδ on Ccl2 expression. Overexpressing PKCδ followed by incubation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate resulted in an increase in p65 Ser-536 phosphorylation and enhanced DNA binding affinity without affecting IκB degradation or p65 nuclear translocation. Prkcd gene deficiency impaired p65 Ser-536 phosphorylation and DNA binding affinity in response to TNFα. Results from in situ proximity ligation analysis and co-immunoprecipitation performed on cultured VSMCs and aneurysmal aorta demonstrated physical interaction between PKCδ and p65 that took place largely outside the nucleus. Promoting nuclear translocation of PKCδ with peptide ψδRACK diminished Ccl2 production, whereas inhibition of PKCδ translocation with peptide δV1-1 enhanced Ccl2 expression. Together, these results suggest that PKCδ modulates inflammation at least in part through the NF-κB-mediated chemokines. Mechanistically, PKCδ activates NF-κB through an IκB-independent cytosolic interaction, which subsequently leads to enhanced p65 phosphorylation and DNA binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ren
- From the Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705 and
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Assar AN. Pharmacological therapy for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2014; 7:999-1009. [DOI: 10.1586/erc.09.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Bhamidipati CM, Mehta GS, Moehle CW, Meher AK, Su G, Vigneshwar NG, Barbery C, Sharma AK, Kron IL, Laubach VE, Owens GK, Upchurch GR, Ailawadi G. Adenosine 2A receptor modulates inflammation and phenotype in experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms. FASEB J 2013; 27:2122-31. [PMID: 23413358 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-214197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Activation of the adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR) reduces inflammation in models of acute injury but contribution in development of chronic abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) is unknown. Elastase perfusion to induce AAA formation in A2AR-knockout (A2ARKO) and C57BL6/J wild-type (WT) mice resulted in nearly 100% larger aneurysms in A2ARKO compared to WT at d 14 (P<0.05), with evidence of greater elastin fragmentation, more immune cell infiltration, and increased matrix metallatoproteinase (MMP) 9 expression (P<0.05). Separately, exogenous A2AR antagonism in elastase-perfused WT mice also resulted in larger aneurysms (P<0.05), while A2AR agonism limited aortic dilatation (P<0.05). Activated Thy-1.2(+) T lymphocytes from WT mice treated in vitro with A2AR antagonist increased cytokine production, and treatment with A2AR agonist decreased cytokine production (P<0.05 for all). Primary activated CD4(+) T lymphocytes from A2ARKO mice exhibited greater chemotaxis (P<0.05). A2AR antagonist increased chemotaxis of activated CD4(+) cells from WT mice in vitro, and A2AR agonist reduced this effect (P<0.05). A2AR activation attenuates AAA formation partly by inhibiting immune cell recruitment and reducing elastin fragmentation. These findings support augmenting A2AR signaling as a putative target for limiting aneurysm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Castigliano M Bhamidipati
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
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Bhamidipati CM, Mehta GS, Lu G, Moehle CW, Barbery C, DiMusto PD, Laser A, Kron IL, Upchurch GR, Ailawadi G. Development of a novel murine model of aortic aneurysms using peri-adventitial elastase. Surgery 2012; 152:238-46. [PMID: 22828146 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2012.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our aim was to establish a novel model of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) in mice using application of peri-adventitial elastase. METHODS C57BL/6J male mice underwent infrarenal peri-adventitial application of either (1) sodium chloride (control; n = 7), (2) porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE; n = 14), or (3) PPE and doxycycline (PPE + doxycycline 200 mg/kg; n = 11) for 14 days. Aortas were analyzed by video micrometry, immunohistochemistry, qualitative polymerase chain reaction, and zymography. Groups underwent Mann-Whitney U comparisons. RESULTS At day 14 compared with baseline, control animals had minimal aortic dilation, whereas fusiform aneurysms were seen in PPE (control, 20 ± 3%; PPE, 82 ± 15%; P ≤ .003). Doxycycline abrogated aneurysm formation (PPE, 82 ± 15%; PPE + doxycycline, 37 ± 10%; P ≤ .03). Compared with control and PPE + doxycycline, immunohistochemistry demonstrated greater elastin fiber degradation, macrophage infiltration, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in PPE. Ki-67 and cleaved caspase-3 were lower in control versus PPE. The loss of smooth muscle marker expression seen with PPE was preserved in PPE + doxycycline. Zymography confirmed that both MMP-2 and -9 were more active in PPE than PPE + doxycycline. CONCLUSION Peri-adventitial application of elastase is a simple, reproducible in vivo model of aneurysm formation leading to consistent infrarenal aortic aneurysm development by day 14, with inflammatory cell infiltration and MMP upregulation. Doxycycline inhibits AAA progression in this model via limiting matrix degradation and preserving differentiated smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Castigliano M Bhamidipati
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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Long term stabilization of expanding aortic aneurysms by a short course of cyclosporine A through transforming growth factor-beta induction. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28903. [PMID: 22194945 PMCID: PMC3237613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) expand as a consequence of extracellular matrix destruction, and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) depletion. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 overexpression stabilizes expanding AAAs in rat. Cyclosporine A (CsA) promotes tissue accumulation and induces TGF -beta1 and, could thereby exert beneficial effects on AAA remodelling and expansion. In this study, we assessed whether a short administration of CsA could durably stabilize AAAs through TGF-beta induction. We showed that CsA induced TGF-beta1 and decreased MMP-9 expression dose-dependently in fragments of human AAAs in vitro, and in animal models of AAA in vivo. CsA prevented AAA formation at 14 days in the rat elastase (diameter increase: CsA: 131.9±44.2%; vehicle: 225.9±57.0%, P = 0.003) and calcium chloride mouse models (diameters: CsA: 0.72±0.14 mm; vehicle: 1.10±0.11 mm, P = .008), preserved elastic fiber network and VSMC content, and decreased inflammation. A seven day administration of CsA stabilized formed AAAs in rats seven weeks after drug withdrawal (diameter increase: CsA: 14.2±15.1%; vehicle: 45.2±13.7%, P = .017), down-regulated wall inflammation, and increased αSMA-positive cell content. Co-administration of a blocking anti-TGF-beta antibody abrogated CsA impact on inflammation, αSMA-positive cell accumulation and diameter control in expanding AAAs. Our study demonstrates that pharmacological induction of TGF-beta1 by a short course of CsA administration represents a new approach to induce aneurysm stabilization by shifting the degradation/repair balance towards healing.
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Mesenchymal stem cells attenuate angiotensin II-induced aortic aneurysm growth in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. J Vasc Surg 2011; 54:1743-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2011.06.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Revised: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Rupture is not Associated with an Up-regulation of Inflammation within the Aneurysm Wall. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2010; 40:191-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2010.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2010] [Accepted: 04/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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