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Sato T, Shizu R, Baba R, Ooka A, Hosaka T, Kanno Y, Yoshinari K. Pregnane X receptor inhibits the transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells by down-regulating periostin expression. Biochem J 2024; 481:1173-1186. [PMID: 39171361 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20240172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptor that plays a key role in drug metabolism. Recently, PXR was found to attenuate the development of liver cancer by suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in liver cancer cells in a mouse model of two-stage chemical carcinogenesis. To elucidate the role of PXR in the EMT of liver cancer cells, we focused on its role in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which are components of the tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Human HSC-derived LX-2 cells stably expressed destabilization domain (DD)-fused human PXR (hPXR-LX2 cells). Human HCC-derived HepG2 cells were transfected with the EMT marker VIM promoter-regulated reporter plasmid and co-cultured with hPXR-LX2 cells or treated with hPXR-LX2-derived conditioned medium (CM). Co-culture or CM treatment increased reporter activity in HepG2 cells. This induction was attenuated upon PXR activation in hPXR-LX2 cells by treatment with the DD-stabilizing chemical Shield-1 and the human PXR ligand rifampicin. PXR activation in hPXR-LX2 cells exhibited inhibition of TGF-β1-induced transdifferentiation, supported by observations of morphological changes and protein or mRNA levels of the transdifferentiation markers COL1A1 and FN1. PXR activation in hPXR-LX2 cells also attenuated the mRNA levels of the key transdifferentiation factor, POSTN. Treatment of hPXR-LX2 cells with recombinant POSTN restored the PXR-mediated suppression of transdifferentiation. Reporter assays with the POSTN promoter showed that PXR inhibited the NF-κB-mediated transcription of POSTN. Consequently, PXR activation in HSCs is expected to inhibit transdifferentiation by down-regulating POSTN expression, thereby suppressing EMT of liver cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Sato
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526 Japan
| | - Ryota Shizu
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526 Japan
| | - Ryonosuke Baba
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526 Japan
| | - Akira Ooka
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526 Japan
| | - Takuomi Hosaka
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526 Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kanno
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526 Japan
| | - Kouichi Yoshinari
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526 Japan
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Liu S, Zhang S, Dong H, Jin X, Sun J, Zhou H, Jin Y, Li Y, Wu G. CD63 + tumor-associated macrophages drive the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma through the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and lipid reprogramming. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:698. [PMID: 38849760 PMCID: PMC11157766 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12472-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute a substantial part of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study was devised to explore TAM diversity and their roles in HCC progression. METHODS Through the integration of multiple 10 × single-cell transcriptomic data derived from HCC samples and the use of consensus nonnegative matrix factorization (an unsupervised clustering algorithm), TAM molecular subtypes and expression programs were evaluated in detail. The roles played by these TAM subtypes in HCC were further probed through pseudotime, enrichment, and intercellular communication analyses. Lastly, vitro experiments were performed to validate the relationship between CD63, which is an inflammatory TAM expression program marker, and tumor cell lines. RESULTS We found that the inflammatory expression program in TAMs had a more obvious interaction with HCC cells, and CD63, as a marker gene of the inflammatory expression program, was associated with poor prognosis of HCC patients. Both bulk RNA-seq and vitro experiments confirmed that higher TAM CD63 expression was associated with the growth of HCC cells as well as their epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, invasion, and the reprogramming of lipid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS These analyses revealed that the TAM inflammatory expression program in HCC is closely associated with malignant tumor cells, with the hub gene CD63 thus representing an ideal target for therapeutic intervention in this cancer type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuairan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Dong
- Phase I Clinical Trails Center, The People's Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haonan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiling Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
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Du YQ, Yuan B, Ye YX, Zhou FL, Liu H, Huang JJ, Wei YF. Plumbagin Regulates Snail to Inhibit Hepatocellular Carcinoma Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in vivo and in vitro. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:565-580. [PMID: 38525157 PMCID: PMC10960549 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s452924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Plumbagin (PL) has been shown to effe ctively inhibit autophagy, suppressing invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of PL on tumor growth factor (TGF)-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HCC. Methods Huh-7 cells were cultured, and in vivo models of EMT and HCC-associated lung metastasis were developed through tail vein and in situ injections of tumor cells. In vivo imaging and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to evaluate HCC modeling and lung metastasis. After PL intervention, the expression levels of Snail, vimentin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin in the liver were evaluated through immunohistochemistry and Western blot. An in vitro TGF-β-induced cell EMT model was used to detect Snail, vimentin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin mRNA levels through a polymerase chain reaction. Their protein levels were detected by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot. Results In vivo experiments demonstrated that PL significantly reduced the expression of Snail, vimentin, and N-cadherin, while increasing the expression of E-cadherin at the protein levels, effectively inhibiting HCC and lung metastasis. In vitro experiments confirmed that PL up-regulated epithelial cell markers, down-regulated mesenchymal cell markers, and inhibited EMT levels in HCC cells. Conclusion PL inhibits Snail expression, up-regulates E-cadherin expression, and down-regulates N-cadherin and vimentin expression, preventing EMT in HCC cells and reducing lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Qin Du
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Yuan
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xian Ye
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng-ling Zhou
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Liu
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Fei Wei
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Nanning, 530200, People’s Republic of China
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Yu X, Zhang H, Li J, Gu L, Cao L, Gong J, Xie P, Xu J. Construction of a prognostic prediction model in liver cancer based on genes involved in integrin cell surface interactions pathway by multi-omics screening. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1237445. [PMID: 38374893 PMCID: PMC10875080 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1237445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Liver cancer is a common malignant tumor with an increasing incidence in recent years. We aimed to develop a model by integrating clinical information and multi-omics profiles of genes to predict survival of patients with liver cancer. Methods: The multi-omics data were integrated to identify liver cancer survival-associated signal pathways. Then, a prognostic risk score model was established based on key genes in a specific pathway, followed by the analysis of the relationship between the risk score and clinical features as well as molecular and immunologic characterization of the key genes included in the prediction model. The function experiments were performed to further elucidate the undergoing molecular mechanism. Results: Totally, 4 pathways associated with liver cancer patients' survival were identified. In the pathway of integrin cell surface interactions, low expression of COMP and SPP1, and low CNVs level of COL4A2 and ITGAV were significantly related to prognosis. Based on above 4 genes, the risk score model for prognosis was established. Risk score, ITGAV and SPP1 were the most significantly positively related to activated dendritic cell. COL4A2 and COMP were the most significantly positively associated with Type 1 T helper cell and regulatory T cell, respectively. The nomogram (involved T stage and risk score) may better predict short-term survival. The cell assay showed that overexpression of ITGAV promoted tumorigenesis. Conclusion: The risk score model constructed with four genes (COMP, SPP1, COL4A2, and ITGAV) may be used to predict survival in liver cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Radiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinze Li
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Radiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Gu
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Radiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Radiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Radiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Abdolahi M, Ghaedi Talkhounche P, Derakhshan Nazari MH, Hosseininia HS, Khoshdel-Rad N, Ebrahimi Sadrabadi A. Functional Enrichment Analysis of Tumor Microenvironment-Driven Molecular Alterations That Facilitate Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Distant Metastasis. Bioinform Biol Insights 2024; 18:11779322241227722. [PMID: 38318286 PMCID: PMC10840405 DOI: 10.1177/11779322241227722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths, and identifying the effective factors in causing this disease can play an important role in its prevention and treatment. Tumors provide effective agents for invasion and metastasis to other organs by establishing appropriate communication between cancer cells and the microenvironment. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) can be mentioned as one of the effective phenomena in tumor invasion and metastasis. Several factors are involved in inducing this phenomenon in the tumor microenvironment, which helps the tumor survive and migrate to other places. It can be effective to identify these factors in the use of appropriate treatment strategies and greater patient survival. This study investigated the molecular differences between tumor border cells and tumor core cells or internal tumor cells in HCC for specific EMT genes. Expression of NOTCH1, ID1, and LST1 genes showed a significant increase at the HCC tumor border. Targeting these genes can be considered as a useful therapeutic strategy to prevent distant metastasis in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Abdolahi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parnian Ghaedi Talkhounche
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Derakhshan Nazari
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Sadat Hosseininia
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cytotech & Bioinformatics Research Group, Bioinformatics Department, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Khoshdel-Rad
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Ebrahimi Sadrabadi
- Cytotech & Bioinformatics Research Group, Bioinformatics Department, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACER, Tehran, Iran
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Li Q, Lesseur C, Srirangam P, Kaur K, Hermetz K, Caudle WM, Fiedler N, Panuwet P, Prapamontol T, Naksen W, Suttiwan P, Baumert BO, Hao K, Barr DB, Marsit CJ, Chen J. Associations between prenatal organophosphate pesticide exposure and placental gene networks. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 224:115490. [PMID: 36828252 PMCID: PMC10054353 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides during pregnancy has been linked to deficiencies of neurobehavioral development in childhood; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this association remain elusive. The placenta plays a crucial role in protecting the fetus from environmental insults and safeguarding proper fetal development including neurodevelopment. The aim of our study is to evaluate changes in the placental transcriptome associated with prenatal OP exposure. METHODS Pregnant farm workers from two agricultural districts in northern Thailand were recruited for the Study of Asian Women and Offspring's Development and Environmental Exposures (SAWASDEE) from 2017 to 2019. For 254 participants, we measured maternal urinary concentrations of six nonspecific dialkyl phosphates (DAP) metabolites in early, middle, and late pregnancy. In parallel, we profiled the term placental transcriptome from the same participants using RNA-Sequencing and performed Weighted Gene co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). Generalized linear regression modeling was used to examine associations of urinary OP metabolites and placental co-expression module eigenvalues. RESULTS We identified 21 gene co-expression modules in the placenta. From the six DAP metabolites assayed, diethylphosphate (DEP) and diethylthiophosphate (DETP) were detected in more than 70% of the urine samples. Significant associations between DEP at multiple time points and two specific placental gene modules were observed. The 'black' module, enriched in genes involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and hypoxia, was negatively associated with DEP in early (p = 0.034), and late pregnancies (p = 0.016). The 'lightgreen' module, enriched in genes involved in myogenesis and EMT, was negatively associated with DEP in late pregnancy (p = 0.010). We observed 2 hub genes (CELSR1 and PYCR1) of the 'black' module to be negatively associated with DEP in early and late pregnancies. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that prenatal OP exposure may disrupt placental gene networks in a time-dependent manner. Such transcriptomic effects may lead to down-stream changes in placental function that ultimately affect the developing fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Corina Lesseur
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pranathi Srirangam
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Barnard College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kirtan Kaur
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen Hermetz
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - W Michael Caudle
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nancy Fiedler
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Parinya Panuwet
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tippawan Prapamontol
- Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Naksen
- Faculty of Public Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Panrapee Suttiwan
- Psychology Center of Life-span Development and Intergeneration (LIFE Di), Faculty of Psychology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Brittney O Baumert
- Department of Population and Public Health Science, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dana Boyd Barr
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Carmen J Marsit
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Kitakaze M, Fujino S, Miyoshi N, Sekido Y, Hata T, Ogino T, Takahashi H, Uemura M, Mizushima T, Doki Y, Eguchi H. Tumor-infiltrating T cells as a risk factor for lymph node metastasis in patients with submucosal colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2077. [PMID: 36746991 PMCID: PMC9902519 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29260-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 10% of patients with colorectal cancer with submucosal invasion have lymph node metastasis. Pathological risk factors for lymph node metastasis have varying sensitivities and specificities. To predict the risk of lymph node metastasis, the identification of new risk factors is vital. Tumor-infiltrating T cells have been reported to improve the prognosis of many solid tumors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between lymph node metastasis and tumor-infiltrating T cells in patients with colorectal cancer with submucosal invasion. We examined CD8+ tumor-infiltrating T cells level as a risk factor for lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer with submucosal invasion. Using immunohistochemical staining, we identified CD8 + T cells in surgically resected specimens from 98 patients with SM-CRC. We showed that low CD8+ tumor-infiltrating T cells levels are positively correlated with lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, by combining the number of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating T cell and the number of CD103+ tumor-infiltrating T cells, the results showed a high positive predictive value for lymph node metastasis in cases with low numbers of both types of tumor-infiltrating T cells and a high negative predictive value in cases with high numbers of both types of tumor-infiltrating T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Kitakaze
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shiki Fujino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Minoh City Hospital, Minoh, Osaka, 562-0014, Japan.
| | - Norikatsu Miyoshi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Sekido
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ogino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mamoru Uemura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tsunekazu Mizushima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, 543-0035, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Liu Y, Song J, Gu J, Xu S, Wang X, Liu Y. The Role of BTBD7 in Normal Development and Tumor Progression. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231167732. [PMID: 37050886 PMCID: PMC10102955 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231167732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BTB/POZ domain-containing protein 7 (BTBD7) has a relative molecular weight of 126KD and contains two conserved BTB/POZ protein sequences. BTBD7 has been shown to play an essential role in normal human development, precancerous lesions, heat-stress response, and tumor progression. BTBD7 promotes branching morphogenesis during development and participates in the salivary gland, lung, and tooth formation. Furthermore, many studies have shown that aberrant expression of BTBD7 promotes heat stress response and the progression of precancerous lesions. BTBD7 has also been found to play an important role in cancer. High expression of BTBD7 affects tumor progression by regulating multiple pathways. Therefore, a complete understanding of BTBD7 is crucial for exploring human development and tumor progression. This paper reviews the research progress of BTBD7, which lays a foundation for the application of BTBD7 in regenerative medicine and as a biomarker for tumor prediction or potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Jiwu Song
- Weifang People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Jianchang Gu
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Shuangshuang Xu
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolan Wang
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yunxia Liu
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
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Tan XP, Zhou K, Zeng QL, Yuan YF, Chen W. Influence of AFP on surgical outcomes in non-B non-C patients with curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:107-115. [PMID: 35293607 PMCID: PMC9939498 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00813-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To study the clinical and prognostic features of non-B non-C alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)(-)-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (NBNC-AFP(-)-HCC) and the relationship between the prognostic features of HCC and hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) status and AFP. We enrolled 227 patients who underwent hepatic resection for HCC between January 1998 and December 2007 at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, all of whom were diagnosed with HCC by pathology. All patients were stratified into one of four groups (B-AFP(+)-HCC, B-AFP(-)-HCC, NBNC-AFP(+)-HCC, and NBNC-AFP(-)-HCC) according to AFP levels and HBsAg status. The clinicopathologic and survival characteristics of NBNC-AFP(-)-HCC patients were compared with those of all other three groups. Out of the 105 NBNC-HCC patients, 43 patients (40.9%) had AFP-negative HCC. There were some differences in factors between the B-AFP(+) and NBNC-AFP(-) patients, such as age, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, and ALT (P < 0.05). On univariate analysis, tumour size, secondary tumour, and portal invasion were prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) (P < 0.05). Cox multivariate regression analysis suggested that tumour size and tumour number (P < 0.05) were independent predictors. In addition, compared with the B-AFP(+)-HCC, B-AFP(-)-HCC, and NBNC-AFP(+)-HCC groups, the NBNC-AFP(-)-HCC patients had the best DFS (P < 0.05). Compared with the B-AFP(+)-HCC and NBNC-AFP(+)-HCC groups, the NBNC-AFP(-)-HCC patients had better OS (P < 0.05), and survival rates were similar to those of B-AFP(-)-HCC patients. NBNC-AFP(-)-HCC patients had a relatively favourable prognosis. It can serve as a useful marker in predicting the risk of tumour recurrence in the early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ping Tan
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qing-Li Zeng
- The 334 Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330024, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yun-Fei Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Six Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
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The Bright and the Dark Side of TGF-β Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Mechanisms, Dysregulation, and Therapeutic Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040940. [PMID: 35205692 PMCID: PMC8870127 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling is a preeminent regulator of diverse cellular and physiological processes. Frequent dysregulation of TGF-β signaling has been implicated in cancer. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer, the autocrine and paracrine effects of TGF-β have paradoxical implications. While acting as a potent tumor suppressor pathway in the early stages of malignancy, TGF-β diverts to a promoter of tumor progression in the late stages, reflecting its bright and dark natures, respectively. Within this context, targeting TGF-β represents a promising therapeutic option for HCC treatment. We discuss here the molecular properties of TGF-β signaling in HCC, attempting to provide an overview of its effects on tumor cells and the stroma. We also seek to evaluate the dysregulation mechanisms that mediate the functional switch of TGF-β from a tumor suppressor to a pro-tumorigenic signal. Finally, we reconcile its biphasic nature with the therapeutic implications. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with genetic and nongenetic aberrations that impact multiple genes and pathways, including the frequently dysregulated transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway. The regulatory cytokine TGF-β and its signaling effectors govern a broad spectrum of spatiotemporally regulated molecular and cellular responses, yet paradoxically have dual and opposing roles in HCC progression. In the early stages of tumorigenesis, TGF-β signaling enforces profound tumor-suppressive effects, primarily by inducing cell cycle arrest, cellular senescence, autophagy, and apoptosis. However, as the tumor advances in malignant progression, TGF-β functionally switches to a pro-tumorigenic signal, eliciting aggressive tumor traits, such as epithelial–mesenchymal transition, tumor microenvironment remodeling, and immune evasion of cancer cells. On this account, the inhibition of TGF-β signaling is recognized as a promising therapeutic strategy for advanced HCC. In this review, we evaluate the functions and mechanisms of TGF-β signaling and relate its complex and pleiotropic biology to HCC pathophysiology, attempting to provide a detailed perspective on the molecular determinants underlying its functional diversion. We also address the therapeutic implications of the dichotomous nature of TGF-β signaling and highlight the rationale for targeting this pathway for HCC treatment, alone or in combination with other agents.
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Rescuing SLAMF3 Expression Restores Sorafenib Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells through the Induction of Mesenchymal-to-Epithelial Transition. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040910. [PMID: 35205659 PMCID: PMC8869973 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Acquired resistance to sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients results in poor prognosis. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the major mechanism implicated in the resistance to sorafenib. We have reported the tumor suppressor role of SLAMF3 (signaling lymphocytic activation molecules family 3) in HCC progression and highlighted its implication in controlling the MRP-1 transporter activity. These data suggest the implication of SLAMF3 in sorafenib resistance mechanisms. Methods: We evaluated the resistance to sorafenib in Huh-7 cells treated with progressive doses (Res cells). We investigated the link between acquired resistance to sorafenib and SLAMF3 expression by flow cytometry and Western blot methods. Furthermore, we analyzed the EMT and the stem cell potential of cells resistant to sorafenib. Results: Sorafenib resistance was confirmed in Res cells by analyzing the cell viability in the presence of sorafenib. The mesenchymal transition, in Res cells, was confirmed by high migratory index and the expression of EMT antigens. Interestingly, we found that loss of SLAMF3 expression corresponded to sorafenib-resistant phenotypes. The overexpression of SLAMF3 reversed EMT, decreased metastatic potential and inhibited mTOR/ERK1/2 in Res cells. Conclusions: We propose that rescuing SLAMF3 expression in resistant cells could represent a potential therapeutic strategy to enhance sorafenib efficacy in HCC patients.
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Tuerxun K, Zhang S, Zhang Y. Downregulation of PITX2 inhibits the proliferation and migration of liver cancer cells and induces cell apoptosis. Open Life Sci 2022; 16:1322-1329. [PMID: 35071766 PMCID: PMC8724353 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Paired-like homeodomain 2 (PITX2) functions as a transcription factor to participate in vertebrate embryogenesis, and dysregulated PITX2 expression was associated with the progression of various cancers. The functional role of PITX2 in tumorigenesis of liver cancer remains unknown. Western blot analysis showed that expression levels of PITX2 were enhanced in the liver cancer tissues and cells. siRNAs targeting PITX2 induced downregulation of PITX2 in liver cancer cells. siRNA-induced knockdown of PITX2 decreased liver cancer cell viability and proliferation, while promoting cell apoptosis by increasing cleaved-PARP, cleaved caspase 3, and cleaved caspase 9. The knockdown of PITX2 repressed liver cancer cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, elevated PITX2 expression was associated with liver cancer progression through repression of cell apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation and metastasis, and silencing of PITX2 might serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kebinuer Tuerxun
- Department of Infection and Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Shufang Zhang
- Department of Infection and Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
| | - Yuexin Zhang
- Department of Infection and Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, China
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13
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Xiong X, Tang N, Lai X, Zhang J, Wen W, Li X, Li A, Wu Y, Liu Z. Insights Into Amentoflavone: A Natural Multifunctional Biflavonoid. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:768708. [PMID: 35002708 PMCID: PMC8727548 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.768708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amentoflavone is an active phenolic compound isolated from Selaginella tamariscina over 40 years. Amentoflavone has been extensively recorded as a molecule which displays multifunctional biological activities. Especially, amentoflavone involves in anti-cancer activity by mediating various signaling pathways such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), and emerges anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect via binding towards the main protease (Mpro/3CLpro), spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, amentoflavone is considered to be a promising therapeutic agent for clinical research. Considering the multifunction of amentoflavone, the current review comprehensively discuss the chemistry, the progress in its diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-microorganism, metabolism regulation, neuroprotection, radioprotection, musculoskeletal protection and antidepressant, specially the fascinating role against various types of cancers. In addition, the bioavailability and drug delivery of amentoflavone, the molecular mechanisms underlying the activities of amentoflavone, the molecular docking simulation of amentoflavone through in silico approach and anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect of amentoflavone are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Xiong
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Tang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xudong Lai
- Department of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinli Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weilun Wen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojian Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aiguo Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihe Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Traumatic Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Ding Q, Jiang C, Zhou Y, Duan J, Lai J, Jiang M, Lin D. Kinesin family member 2C promotes hepatocellular carcinoma growth and metastasis via activating MEK/ERK pathway. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:2241-2249. [PMID: 34494081 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The current work was intended to explore the function and mechanism of Kinesin family member 2C (KIF2C) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, KIF2C expression was at a high level in HCC and indicated poor prognosis. Silencing KIF2C significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCC cells. Furthermore, silencing KIF2C markedly decreased the expression of Snail, Vimentin, p-MEK, and p-ERK, but increased E-cadherin expression in HCC cells. Moreover, we also found that MEK/ERK inhibitor U0126 could enhance the impact on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion induced by silencing KIF2C in HCC. On the contrary, MEK/ERK activator PAF could weaken the impact induced by silencing KIF2C in HCC. Thus, our findings indicate that KIF2C can promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion by activating MEK/ERK pathway in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases, QingDao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Caihua Jiang
- Department of Blood Purification Center, QingDao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yajing Zhou
- Department of Physical Therapy, QingDao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Duan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, QingDao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jianming Lai
- Mdeical College, QingDao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Liver Disease ICU, QingDao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Lin
- Department of Blood Purification Center, QingDao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
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15
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Hu X, Han D, Wang Y, Gu J, Wang X, Jiang Y, Yang Y, Liu J. Phospho-Smad3L promotes progression of hepatocellular carcinoma through decreasing miR-140-5p level and stimulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Dig Liver Dis 2021; 53:1343-1351. [PMID: 33775574 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) activates JNK, phosphorylates Smad3 to linker-phosphorylated Smad3 (pSmad3L), resulting in liver tumorigenesis. However, the effect of pSmad3L on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis is obscure. AIM To detect the effect of pSmad3L on HCC prognosis and investigate the mechanism. METHODS The expressions of pSmad3L, E-cadherin, vimentin and MicroRNA-140-5p (miR-140-5p) were detected by using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and in situ hybridization. Next, the relationships of pSmad3L and HCC patients' prognoses, pSmad3L and EMT markers, pSmad3L and miR-140-5p were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation test. JNK/pSmad3L specific inhibitor SP600125 or Smad3 mutant plasmid was used to suppress JNK/pSmad3L pathway, and QPCR assay was performed to investigate the effect of pSmad3L on miR-140-5p level. The proliferation and invasion of hepatoma cells were observed using colony formation assay and transwell assay. RESULTS We demonstrated that patient with high level of pSmad3L predicted poor prognosis. Next, we verified that pSmad3L promoted EMT of hepatoma cells in vivo and in vitro. In order to investigate the mechanism, we verified a negative correlation between pSmad3L and miR-140-5p, which was an EMT inhibitor, in the liver tissues of HCC patient and diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced rat HCC model. We further used SP600125 or pSmad3L mutant plasmid to decrease pSmad3L level of hepatoma cells, and inhibition of pSmad3L increased miR-140-5p level and suppressed EMT of hepatoma cells. CONCLUSIONS JNK/pSmad3L pathway induces EMT by inhibiting miR-140-5p in HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpeng Hu
- Digestive Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dan Han
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiong Gu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yufeng Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Functional experiment center, School of Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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16
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Zhu H, Huang M, Luo J, Ji X, Liu Q. Deficiency of GFRα1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression but enhances oxaliplatin-mediated anti-tumor efficacy. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105815. [PMID: 34391932 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neurotrophic factors and their receptors have been identified to promote tumor progression. GFRα1, the receptor for glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), has been demonstrated to be predominantly expressed in adult liver tissue. Our preliminary data showed that GFRα1 is significantly downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue, compared to the matched non-neoplastic tissue. However, the role of GFRα1 in HCC progression remains unknown. Here we found that the expression of GFRα1 in HCC tissue is inversely correlated with the poorer prognosis of HCC patients. Silencing of GFRα1 expression markedly enhances HCC cell growth, tumor metastasis, as well as shortens the survival of HCC tumor-bearing mice. Forced expression of GFRα1 in HCC cells significantly reverses the tumor-promoting effects of GFRα1 silencing, and AAV8-mediated GFRα1 transfection in HCC tumor tissues significantly impedes tumor growth and prolongs the survival of HCC tumor-bearing mice. These results are also verified in vivo in GFRα1 knock-out mice model, with increased DEN-induced HCC carcinogenesis. Mechanistically, GFRα1 could inhibit epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HCC cells, by upregulating expression of Claudin-1 and ZO-1. Of note, silencing of GFRα1 expression promotes oxaliplatin-mediated HCC cell apoptosis resulting in prolonged survival of HCC-bearing mice, and forced expression of GFRα1 markedly increased oxaliplatin resistance of HCC cells. These results demonstrate that deficiency of GFRα1 promotes HCC progression but enhances chemotherapeutic anti-tumor efficacy, suggesting that GFRα1 may be a candidate prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingyan Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianhua Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xinpei Ji
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiuyan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Tian W, Li J, Wang Z, Zhang T, Han Y, Liu Y, Chu W, Liu Y, Yang B. HYD-PEP06 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell-like properties by inhibiting PI3K/AKT and WNT/ β-catenin signaling activation. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:1592-1606. [PMID: 34221870 PMCID: PMC8245914 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
HYD-PEP06, an endostatin-modified polypeptide, has been shown to produce effective anti-colorectal carcinoma effects through inhibiting epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, whether HYD-PEP06 has similar suppressive effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remained unknown. In this study, HYD-PEP06 inhibited metastasis and EMT but not proliferation in vitro. Cignal finder pathway reporter array and Western blot analysis revealed that HYD-PEP06 suppressed HCCLM3 cell metastasis and EMT by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway. Moreover, HYD-PEP06 exerted anti-metastasis effects in HepG2 cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) via suppressing the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. Finally, in HCCLM3 tumor-bearing BALB/c nu/nu nude mice, HYD-PEP06 substantially suppressed tumor growth, lung metastasis and HCC progress. Our results suggest that HYD-PEP06 inhibits the metastasis and EMT of HCC and CSCs as well, and thus has the potential as an agent for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tian
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jiatong Li
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Wenfeng Chu
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel.: +86 451 86671354; fax: +86 451 86675769.
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel.: +86 451 86671354; fax: +86 451 86675769.
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18
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Tummanatsakun D, Proungvitaya T, Roytrakul S, Proungvitaya S. Bioinformatic Prediction of Signaling Pathways for Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APEX1) and Its Role in Cholangiocarcinoma Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092587. [PMID: 33946672 PMCID: PMC8125001 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APEX1) is involved in the DNA damage repair pathways and associates with the metastasis of several human cancers. However, the signaling pathway of APEX1 in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has never been reported. In this study, to predict the signaling pathways of APEX1 and related proteins and their functions, the effects of APEX1 gene silencing on APEX1 and related protein expression in CCA cell lines were investigated using mass spectrometry and bioinformatics tools. Bioinformatic analyses predicted that APEX1 might interact with cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) and son of sevenless homolog 1 (SOS1), which are involved in tumor metastasis. RNA and protein expression levels of APEX1 and its related proteins, retrieved from the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and the Human Protein Atlas databases, revealed that their expressions were higher in CCA than in the normal group. Moreover, higher levels of APEX1 expression and its related proteins were correlated with shorter survival time. In conclusion, the signaling pathway of APEX1 in metastasis might be mediated via CDC42 and SOS1. Furthermore, expression of APEX1 and related proteins is able to predict poor survival of CCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doungdean Tummanatsakun
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, KhonKaen University, KhonKaen 40002, Thailand; (D.T.); (T.P.)
| | - Tanakorn Proungvitaya
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, KhonKaen University, KhonKaen 40002, Thailand; (D.T.); (T.P.)
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani 12120, Thailand;
| | - Siriporn Proungvitaya
- Centre of Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, KhonKaen University, KhonKaen 40002, Thailand; (D.T.); (T.P.)
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute (CARI), Faculty of Medicine, KhonKaen University, KhonKaen 40002, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-4320-2088
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19
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Lu L, Wei W, Huang C, Li S, Zhong C, Wang J, Yu W, Zhang Y, Chen M, Ling Y, Guo R. A new horizon in risk stratification of hepatocellular carcinoma by integrating vessels that encapsulate tumor clusters and microvascular invasion. Hepatol Int 2021; 15:651-662. [PMID: 33835379 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-021-10183-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vessels that encapsulate tumor clusters (VETC) is a novel described vascular pattern different from microvascular invasion (MVI) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The prognostic value of integrating VETC and MVI (VETC-MVI model) in HCC patients after resection remains unclear. METHODS From January 2013 to December 2016, 498 HCC patients who underwent curative resection were enrolled from five academic centers and stratified into different groups according to their VETC and MVI statuses. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and early and late recurrence rates were evaluated. RESULTS The patients were divided into four subgroups: VETC-/MVI- (n = 277, 55.6%), VETC-/MVI+ (n = 110, 22.1%), VETC+/MVI- (n = 53, 10.6%), and VETC+/MVI+ (n = 58, 11.6%). The patients in the VETC+/MVI- and VETC-/MVI+ groups had similar long-term outcomes (OS: p = 0.402; DFS: p = 0.990), VETC-/MVI- patients showed the best prognosis, and VETC+/MVI+ patients had the worst prognosis. Further analysis revealed that the VETC-MVI model showed a similar stratification ability for early recurrence but not for late recurrence. The area under the curve values for early recurrence was 0.70, 0.63 and 0.64 for the VETC-MVI model, VETC, and MVI, respectively (VETC-MVI model vs VETC: p < 0.001; VETC-MVI model vs MVI: p = 0.004; VETC vs MVI: p = 0.539). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the VETC-MVI model successfully predicted OS, DFS and early recurrence. CONCLUSIONS VETC status provides additional discriminative information for patients with either MVI- or MVI+. A combination of VETC and MVI may help classify subtypes and predict the prognosis of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianghe Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology of Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology of Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoyun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology of Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology of Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahong Wang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wushen Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfa Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Minshan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology of Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihong Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Pathology of Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rongping Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology of Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Chen Y, He X, Cheng F, Li M, Wu X, Zhang C, Li J, Huang B, Qi M. Angiotensin II promotes EMT of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through high mobility group protein B1 mediated by E4F1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 547:198-203. [PMID: 33618227 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.12.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To screen for specific transcription factors (TFs) that induce expression of the HMGB1 promoter in response to stimulation by Ang-II. A HMGB1 overexpressing vector and small interfering (si)RNA were constructed and used to transfect the three HCC cell lines used in scratched monolayer wound healing and Transwell assays. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were used to confirm the relationship between a specific TF and the HMGB1 promoter. Invasion and migration by HMGB1 overexpressing HCC cells after treatment with Ang-II were significantly increased compared to negative controls (NC); E-cadherin was down-regulated while vimentin was up-regulated. However, compared with NC, invasion and migration by HMGB1 siRNA HCC cells stimulated by Ang-II were not altered; the expression of E-cadherin and vimentin was also unaltered. Nineteen TFs were predicted by Promoter 2.0 Prediction Server and TFsitescan. Real-time qPCR was used to evaluate TF expression levels. E4F1 was the only TF abnormally elevated in all three HCC cell lines when stimulated by Ang-II. WB and ChIP assays revealed high expression of E4F1 compared to other TFs in cells stimulated by Ang-II. E4F1 is activated by Ang-II and binds to the HMGB1 promoter region to promote HMGB1 expression; it then enhances Ang-II to induce HCC cell invasion and migration, and EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Chen
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Xuanqiu He
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Fang Cheng
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Mengqing Li
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Jianfa Li
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Minghua Qi
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China.
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21
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Ding J, Li HY, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Wu J. Hedgehog Signaling, a Critical Pathway Governing the Development and Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010123. [PMID: 33440657 PMCID: PMC7826706 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is a classic morphogen in controlling embryonic development and tissue repairing. Aberrant activation of Hh signaling has been well documented in liver cancer, including hepatoblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma. The present review aims to update the current understanding on how abnormal Hh signaling molecules modulate initiation, progression, drug resistance and metastasis of HCC. The latest relevant literature was reviewed with our recent findings to provide an overview regarding the molecular interplay and clinical relevance of the Hh signaling in HCC management. Hh signaling molecules are involved in the transformation of pre-carcinogenic lesions to malignant features in chronic liver injury, such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Activation of GLI target genes, such as ABCC1 and TAP1, is responsible for drug resistance in hepatoma cells, with a CD133−/EpCAM− surface molecular profile, and GLI1 and truncated GLI1 account for the metastatic feature of the hepatoma cells, with upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases. A novel bioassay for the Sonic Hh ligand in tissue specimens may assist HCC diagnosis with negative α-fetoprotein and predict early microvascular invasion. In-depth exploration of the Hh signaling deepens our understanding of its molecular modulation in HCC initiation, drug sensitivity and metastasis, and guides precise management of HCC on an individual basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jing’an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China;
| | - Hui-Yan Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, MOE/NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.-Y.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, MOE/NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.-Y.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, MOE/NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.-Y.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, MOE/NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.-Y.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-215-423-7705; Fax: +86-216-422-7201
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Small hepatitis B virus surface antigen promotes malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced FGF19/JAK2/STAT3 signaling. Cancer Lett 2020; 499:175-187. [PMID: 33249195 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the major global health problems. Although the small protein of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg), SHBs, is the most abundant HBV viral protein, its pathogenic role and molecular mechanism in malignant progression of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unknown. Here we reported that SHBs expression induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in HCC cells and significantly increased their migratory and invasive ability as well as metastatic potential. Mechanistically, SHBs expression in HCC cells induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress that activated the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) to increase the expression and secretion of fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19). The autocrine released FGF19 in turn activated JAK2/STAT3 signaling for induction of EMT process in HCC. Notably, SHBs was positively correlated with the expression of mesenchymal markers, the phosphorylation status of JAK2 and STAT3 as well as FGF19 levels in human HCC samples. HCC patients with SHBs positive had a more advanced clinical stage and worse prognosis. These results suggest an important role of SHBs in the metastasis and progression of HCC and may highlight a potential target for preventive and therapeutic intervention of HBV-related HCC and its malignant progression.
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23
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Xiao G, Yang Q, Bao Z, Mao H, Zhang Y, Lin S. Expression of tripartite motif-containing 44 and its prognostic and clinicopathological value in human malignancies:a meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:525. [PMID: 32503466 PMCID: PMC7275359 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07014-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous researches have reported that tripartite motif-containing 44 (TRIM44) is related to the prognosis of multiple human tumors. This study was designed to systematically assess the prognostic value of TRIM44 in human malignancies and summarize its possible tumor-related mechanisms. METHODS The available databases were searched for eligible studies that evaluated the clinicopathological and prognostic roles of TRIM44 in patients with malignancies. The hazard ratios (HR) and odds ratios (OR) were combined to assess the predictive role of TRIM44 using Stata/SE 14.1 software. RESULTS A total of 1740 patients from thirteen original studies were finally included in this study. The results of the combined analysis showed that over-expression of TRIM44 protein was significantly correlated with shorter overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.60-2.35) and worse disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.24-3.65) in cancer patients. Additionally, the combined ORs indicated that elevated expression level of TRIM44 protein was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.71-4.24), distant metastasis (OR = 10.35, 95% CI: 1.01-106.24), poor tumor differentiation (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.03-3.09), increased depth of tumor invasion (OR = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.73-4.30), advanced clinical stage (OR = 2.75, 95% CI: 2.04-3.71), and recurrence (OR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.34-3.95). Furthermore, analysis results using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) showed that the expression level of TRIM44 mRNA was higher in most tumor tissues than in the corresponding normal tissues, and the relationship between TRIM44 mRNA level and prognosis in various malignant tumors also explored in GEPIA and OS analysis webservers. CONCLUSIONS TRIM44 may serve as a valuable prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for patients with malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Qiuxi Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570100, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Ziwei Bao
- Department of medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Haixia Mao
- Department of medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan Province, PR China.
| | - Shibu Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570100, Hainan Province, PR China
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24
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Lin Y, Dan H, Lu J. Overexpression of microRNA-136-3p Alleviates Myocardial Injury in Coronary Artery Disease via the Rho A/ROCK Signaling Pathway. Kidney Blood Press Res 2020; 45:477-496. [PMID: 32434208 DOI: 10.1159/000505849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a cardiovascular disease that poses a fatal threat to human health, and the identification of potential biomarkers may help to delineate its pathophysiological mechanisms. Accumulating evidence has implicated microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis and development of cardiovascular diseases. The present study aims to identify the expression of miRNA-136-3p (miR-136-3p) in CAD and further investigate its functional relevance in myocardial injury both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Initially, CAD models were induced in rats by high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of pituitrin. Next, the effect of overexpressed miR-136-3p on cardiac function and pathological damage in myocardial tissue, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammatory response were assessed in CAD rats. Rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) were isolated and cultured by the tissue explant method, and the CMEC injury model was induced by homocysteine (HCY). The function of miR-136-3p in vitro was further evaluated. RESULTS miR-136-3p was poorly expressed in the myocardial tissue of CAD rats and CMEC injury models. In vivo assays indicated that overexpressed miR-136-3p could improve cardiac function and alleviate pathological damage in myocardial tissue, accompanied by reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Moreover,in vitro assays suggested that overexpression of miR-136-3p enhanced proliferation and migration while inhibiting apoptosis of HCY-stressed CMECs. Notably, we revealed that EIF5A2 was a target gene of miR-136-3p, and miR-136-3p inhibited EIF5A2 expression and activation of the Rho A/ROCK signaling pathway. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the overexpression of miR-136-3p could potentially impede myocardial injury in vitro and in vivo in CAD through the blockade of the Rho A/ROCK signaling pathway, highlighting a potential miR-136-3p functional relevance in the treatment of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Lin
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Dongxihu District, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanliang Dan
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Dongxihu District, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinguo Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, China,
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25
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Suk FM, Liu CL, Hsu MH, Chuang YT, Wang JP, Liao YJ. Treatment with a new benzimidazole derivative bearing a pyrrolidine side chain overcomes sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17259. [PMID: 31754201 PMCID: PMC6872581 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Currently, sorafenib is the standard first-line drug for patients with advanced HCC. However, long-term exposure to sorafenib often results in reduced sensitivity of tumour cells to the drug, leading to acquired resistance. Therefore, developing new compounds to treat sorafenib resistance is urgently needed. Although benzimidazole and its derivatives have been reported to exert antimicrobial and antitumour effects, the anti-drug resistance potential of these molecules is still unknown. In this study, we established sorafenib-resistant (SR) cell lines and an acquired sorafenib resistance xenograft model. We showed that treatment with a benzimidazole derivative bearing a pyrrolidine side chain (compound 9a) inhibited the proliferation of SR cells by blocking the phosphorylation of AKT, p70S6 and the downstream molecule RPS6. In addition, caspase 3/PARP-dependent apoptotic signals were induced in 9a-treated cells. Regarding epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) activities, 9a treatment significantly suppressed the migration of SR cells. In particular, the levels of EMT-related transcription factors (snail, slug and twist) and mesenchymal markers (vimentin and N-cadherin) were downregulated. In the acquired sorafenib resistance xenograft model, compound 9a administration decreased the growth of tumours with acquired sorafenib resistance and the expression of the HCC markers α-fetoprotein, glypican 3 and survivin. In conclusion, treatment with this compound may be a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with sorafenib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fat-Moon Suk
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Lien Liu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hua Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chuang
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jack P Wang
- Department of International Medicine, Taipei City Hospital Ranai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Liao
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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26
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Zhang L, Chen J, Yong J, Qiao L, Xu L, Liu C. An essential role of RNF187 in Notch1 mediated metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:384. [PMID: 31477177 PMCID: PMC6720101 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1382-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Aberrant activation of Notch signaling has been causally linked to the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however the underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. RING finger protein 187 (RNF187) was recently revealed to be a driver of several cancers, but its expression pattern and biological function in HCC are unknown. Methods The expression levels of Notch1 and RNF187 were assessed in two independent cohorts of HCC tissues, and modulation of Notch1 in HCC cells was performed to explore the regulatory role of Notch1 in HCC metastasis. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter analysis, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP) were used to clarify the relationship between Notch1 signaling and its potential target Ring finger protein 187 (RNF187). Gain- and loss-of-function studies were used to dissect the role of Notch1-RNF187 signaling in promoting HCC metastasis. The impact of Notch1-RNF187 activity in determining clinical prognosis for HCC patients was evaluated by multivariate Cox regression. Results By RNA-seq, luciferase reporter analysis, and ChIP assay, RNF187 was confirmed to be a direct transcriptional target of Notch1, as Notch1 could activate RNF187 promoter whereas the pro-migratory and pro-invasive effects of Notch1 were significantly attenuated by RNF187 knockdown. Meanwhile, RNF187 silencing could attenuate the Notch1-dependent epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, overexpression of RNF187 counteracted the inhibitory effect of Notch1 knockdown on cancer progression. Importantly, HCC patients with high level of hepatic Notch1 expression had shorter disease-free survival (DFS) than those with low level of hepatic Notch1 expression. Furthermore, patients with high level of Notch1 and RNF187 co-expression showed the shortest DFS. The expression level of Notch1 and RNF187 was an independent prognostic factor for HCC. Conclusions For the first time we identified that RNF187 is an essential factor for Notch1 to promote invasion and metastasis of HCC. Of highly clinical relevance, we found that activation of Notch1-RNF187 correlates with a worse prognosis of HCC patients. These findings provide a solid foundation for developing novel strategies to tackle HCC metastasis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1382-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation and Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Rd, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jiewei Chen
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Yong
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney at Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Leibo Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation and Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Rd, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Chao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation and Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Rd, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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miR551b Regulates Colorectal Cancer Progression by Targeting the ZEB1 Signaling Axis. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050735. [PMID: 31137914 PMCID: PMC6563032 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Our current understanding of the role of microRNA 551b (miR551b) in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains limited. Here, studies using both ectopic expression of miR551b and miR551b mimics revealed that miR551b exerts a tumor suppressive effect in CRC cells. Specifically, miR551b was significantly downregulated in both patient-derived CRC tissues and CRC cell lines compared to normal tissues and non-cancer cell lines. Also, miR551b significantly inhibited the motility of CRC cells in vitro, including migration, invasion, and wound healing rates, but did not affect cell proliferation. Mechanistically, miR551b targets and inhibits the expression of ZEB1 (Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1), resulting in the dysregulation of EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) signatures. More importantly, miR551b overexpression was found to reduce the tumor size in a xenograft model of CRC cells in vivo. Furthermore, bioinformatic analyses showed that miR551b expression levels were markedly downregulated in the advanced-stage CRC tissues compared to normal tissues, and ZEB1 was associated with the disease progression in CRC patients. Our findings indicated that miR551b could serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker and could be utilized to improve the therapeutic outcomes of CRC patients.
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28
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Guo L, Bai Y, Ji S, Ma H. MicroRNA‑98 suppresses cell growth and invasion of retinoblastoma via targeting the IGF1R/k‑Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2019; 54:807-820. [PMID: 30664191 PMCID: PMC6365030 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has indicated that the dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is involved in the pathogenesis o retinoblastoma (RB); however, the potential role of miR-98 in RB remains elusive. In the present study, it was demonstrated that miR-98 is downregulated in RB tissues and cell lines, and its expression significantly associated with clinicopathological features, including differentiation, N classification and largest tumor base; patients with low miR-98 expression levels exhibited significantly poorer overall survival. Overexpression of miR-98 was suggested to suppress RB cell growth, migration and invasion. In addition, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R), a well-reported oncogene, was identified as a potential target of miR-98 via a luciferase assay, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Correlation analysis revealed a significantly negative correlation between miR-98 and IGF1R expression in tumor tissues (n=60). In addition, the results of the present study demonstrated that IGF1R function as an oncogene by promoting RB cell viability, migration and invasion. Furthermore, restoration of IGF1R was observed to reverse the anticancer effects of miR-98 on RB cell viability, migration and invasion. Importantly, the findings of the present study indicated that miR-98 suppressed RB cell growth and metastasis by inhibiting the IGF1R/k-Ras/Raf/mitogen activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway. Collectively, the present study proposed that miR-98 may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in the treatment of RB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu, Henan 476100, P.R. China
| | - Yu Bai
- Department of Pathology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Shuzhe Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu, Henan 476100, P.R. China
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Shangqiu, Henan 476100, P.R. China
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29
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Zhang F, Cao H. MicroRNA‑143‑3p suppresses cell growth and invasion in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma via targeting the k‑Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2018; 54:689-701. [PMID: 30535502 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) have been identified as an important regulator in carcinogenesis and other pathological processes. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the function of miRNAs in the progression and development of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) remains to be fully elucidated. In the present study, the miRNA expression pattern in LSCC tissues was profiled using miRNA microarray analysis. It was found that a large set of miRNAs are aberrantly expressed in LSCC tissues and that miR‑143‑3p was the most markedly downregulated compared with normal tissues. The low expression of miR‑143‑3p was associated with poor prognosis in LSCC. The overexpression of miR‑143‑3p repressed cellular proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro, and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. The upregulation of miR‑143‑3p suppressed cell migration and invasion through inhibiting the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition cascade. In addition, it was verified that the oncogene k‑Ras is a target of miR‑143‑3p in LSCC cells, and the suppressive effects of miR‑143‑3p on LSCC cells were abrogated by the overexpression of k‑Ras. It was also revealed that miR‑143‑3p may inhibit cell growth and metastasis through targeting the k‑Ras/Raf/mitogen‑activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. Taken together, the data indicated that the miR‑143‑3p/k‑Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK axis serves a key regulator in the development and progression of LSCC, suggesting that miR‑143‑3p may be a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in the treatment of LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Hua Cao
- Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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30
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Fabregat I, Caballero-Díaz D. Transforming Growth Factor-β-Induced Cell Plasticity in Liver Fibrosis and Hepatocarcinogenesis. Front Oncol 2018; 8:357. [PMID: 30250825 PMCID: PMC6139328 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) family plays relevant roles in the regulation of different cellular processes that are essential for tissue and organ homeostasis. In the case of the liver, TGF-β signaling participates in different stages of disease progression, from initial liver injury toward fibrosis, cirrhosis and cancer. When a chronic injury takes place, mobilization of lymphocytes and other inflammatory cells occur, thus setting the stage for persistence of an inflammatory response. Macrophages produce profibrotic mediators, among them, TGF-β, which is responsible for activation -transdifferentiation- of quiescent hepatic stellate cells (HSC) to a myofibroblast (MFB) phenotype. MFBs are the principal source of extracellular matrix protein (ECM) accumulation and prominent mediators of fibrogenesis. TGF-β also mediates an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in hepatocytes that may contribute, directly or indirectly, to increase the MFB population. In hepatocarcinogenesis, TGF-β plays a dual role, behaving as a suppressor factor at early stages, but contributing to later tumor progression, once cells escape from its cytostatic effects. As part of its potential pro-tumorigenic actions, TGF-β induces EMT in liver tumor cells, which increases its pro-migratory and invasive potential. In parallel, TGF-β also induces changes in tumor cell plasticity, conferring properties of a migratory tumor initiating cell (TIC). The main aim of this review is to shed light about the pleiotropic actions of TGF-β that explain its effects on the different liver cell populations. The cross-talk with other signaling pathways that contribute to TGF-β effects, in particular the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), will be presented. Finally, we will discuss the rationale for targeting the TGF-β pathway in liver pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Fabregat
- TGF-β and Cancer Group, Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Oncology Program, CIBEREHD, National Biomedical Research Institute on Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Caballero-Díaz
- TGF-β and Cancer Group, Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Oncology Program, CIBEREHD, National Biomedical Research Institute on Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
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Liu W, Xu J, Zhang C. Prognostic role of chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 1-like protein in human solid cancers: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11522. [PMID: 30024537 PMCID: PMC6086487 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 1-like (CHD1L) played vital roles in tumorigenesis and development. Its aberrant expression was reported to be related to progression and prognosis in various tumors. However, no consensus on the prognostic value of CHD1L protein has been made. This meta-analysis was aimed to assess the clinical significance of CHD1L protein in human solid tumors. METHODS Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang databases were extensively searched to retrieve publications that reported the association between CHD1L expression and cancer prognosis. Hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were applied to assess the strength of the associations through Stata statistical software version 12.0 or Revman software 5.3, respectively. RESULT A total of 14 studies were screened according to the inclusion criteria. The pooled results revealed patients with higher CHD1L expression manifested with decreased overall survival (OS) (HR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.29-1.89, P < .001) and poorer disease-free survival (DFS) (HR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.17-2.15, P < .001). The prognostic value of CHD1L protein for OS was further confirmed by performing subgroup meta-analysis. Furthermore, the pooled results revealed a positive correlation of CHD1L protein expression with tumor depth (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.48-2.37), lymph node metastasis (OR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.01-2.11), and distant metastasis (OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.45-2.38). CONCLUSION CHD1L overexpression was associated with poor prognosis and advanced clinicopathological features, CHD1L may be a valuable biomarker for prognostication of cancer patients.
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32
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Lack of hepatic stimulator substance expression promotes hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis partly through ERK-activated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Transl Med 2018; 98:871-882. [PMID: 29497174 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies due to its high frequency of metastasis via the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway. Hepatic stimulator substance (HSS) can protect hepatocytes from injury and promote liver growth. Recent studies indicated that HSS expression is increased in HCC tissues; however, whether HSS expression is potentially associated with HCC metastasis, particularly through the EMT pathway, remains largely unknown. In this study, the relationship between HSS expression and HCC metastasis was investigated in clinical samples of HCC. Meanwhile, the regulation of HCC metastasis and EMT progression by HSS were also analyzed in both in vitro and in vivo models. The results showed that the expression of 23 kDa HSS was significantly decreased among HCC tissues with angioinvasion. A decrease in HSS predicted poor prognosis with a lower survival rate. Furthermore, the growth of xenograft tumors after inoculating MHCC97H-HSS-shRNA (HCC) cells into nude mice was notably accelerated compared to those inoculated with HSS-expressing cells. Further analysis revealed that knockdown of HSS expression in both MHCC97H and HepG2 cells could enhance the migration of these HCC cells. Concurrently, interference of HSS expression by shRNA promoted conversion of morphologically epithelial-like HCC cells into mesenchymal-like cells, together with downregulations of epithelial markers (such as E-cadherin and zonula occludens-1) and upregulation of mesenchymal-like makers (such as α-SMA, β-catenin, and fibronectin). Furthermore, it was demonstrated that, as well as promoting EMT, HSS-shRNA induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and elevated the expression of the EMT-related transcription factor Snail. Specific inhibition of HSS-shRNA-induced ERK phosphorylation by PD98059 attenuated HCC cell migration in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, we demonstrated that downregulation of HSS expression contributes to HCC metastasis partially through the ERK-activated EMT pathway.
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Ding J, Zhao Z, Song J, Luo B, Huang L. MiR-223 promotes the doxorubicin resistance of colorectal cancer cells via regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition by targeting FBXW7. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:597-604. [PMID: 29701752 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although doxorubicin has become a key drug in cancer treatment, the resistance of colorectal carcinoma to doxorubicin is a major problem in clinical practice. F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7 (FBXW7) plays important roles in human cancers and is one of the major causes of drug resistance. The miR-223/FBXW7 pathway has been reported to be a crucial clue to the mechanism of chemoresistance in many human cancers, such as gastric cancer, breast cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. However, it is unclear whether similar mechanisms of doxorubicin resistance are involved in colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of the current study was to evaluate the role of miR-223/FBXW7 pathway in chemosensitivity in different CRC cell lines and to investigate the relevant underlying mechanisms. We found that high levels of FBXW7 expression were associated with increased doxorubicin sensitivity in different CRC cell lines, and FBXW7 was regulated by miR-223. Overexpression of miR-223 decreased FBXW7 expression and the sensitivity of CRC cells to doxorubicin, while suppression of miR-223 had the opposite effect. Moreover, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was proved to be regulated by miR-223/FBXW7 pathway and involved in the drug resistance. In conclusion, miR-223/FBXW7 axis regulates doxorubicin sensitivity through EMT in CRC, which may lead to the development of individualized treatment in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Ding
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory on Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Binghua Luo
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory on Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Lingping Huang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
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Luo C, Yin D, Zhan H, Borjigin U, Li C, Zhou Z, Hu Z, Wang P, Sun Q, Fan J, Zhou J, Wang X, Zhou S, Huang X. microRNA-501-3p suppresses metastasis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma through targeting LIN7A. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:535. [PMID: 29749382 PMCID: PMC5945677 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0577-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Increasing numbers of evidences have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in metastasis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, their detailed expression levels and actual functions in HCCs have not been fully clarified yet. Results from our recent study revealed that some miRNAs were particularly related to metastasis of HCCs. As one of these newly found miRNAs, miR-501-3p showed to highly involve into metastatic process of HCCs. Here we reported that the expression of miR-501-3p was decreased in both metastatic HCC cell lines and tissue samples from HCC patients with recurrence and metastasis. Downregulation of miR-501-3p correlated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in the HCC patients. Results of functional analyses revealed that overexpression of miR-501-3p in HCCLM3 cancer cells inhibited their proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), while miR-501-3p loss in PLC/PRF/5 cancer cells facilitated all these cellular activities. In addition, Lin-7 homolog A (LIN7A) was directly targeted by miR-501-3p to mediate the suppression effects on metastasis in HCC cells. miR-501-3p suppresses metastasis and progression of HCCs through targeting LIN7A. This finding suggests that miR-501-3p could be used as a potential prognostic predictor as well as a potential therapeutic tool for HCC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chubin Luo
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Yin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Uyunbilig Borjigin
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, 010070, Hohhot, China
| | - Chuanjiang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengjun Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiman Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, 010070, Hohhot, China.,Hepatoscience, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, 94085, USA
| | - Shaolai Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, 200032, Shanghai, China. .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaowu Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, 200032, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China.
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Liu M, Hu Q, Tu M, Wang X, Yang Z, Yang G, Luo R. MCM6 promotes metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma via MEK/ERK pathway and serves as a novel serum biomarker for early recurrence. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:10. [PMID: 29357919 PMCID: PMC5778693 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0669-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background The high incidence of recurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) necessitate the discovery of new predictive biomarkers of invasion and prognosis. Minichromosome maintenance complex component 6 (MCM6), which has been reported to up-regulate in multiple malignancies, was considered to be a novel diagnoses biomarker in HCC. However, its functional contributions and prognostic value remain unclear. Methods The expression of MCM6 was analyzed in 70 HCC tissues and 5 HCC cell lines by immunohistochemistry and real-time RT-PCR. The roles of MCM6 in HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion were explored by CCK8, Wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. Western blotting and Immunofluorescence staining were conducted to detect the protein expressions of ERK signaling pathway and EMT-related markers. To verify the above findings in vivo, we established subcutaneous xenograft tumor and orthotopic xenograft tumor models in nude mice. Finally, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate the serum MCM6 level. Results MCM6 was significantly up-regulated in HCC tissues. Increased MCM6 expression was associated with aggressive clinicopathological features and worse prognosis in HCC patients. These results were consistent with our analyses of The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA). Furthermore, knockdown of MCM6 significantly decreased proliferative and migratory/invasive capability of HCC cells in vitro, as well as decreased tumor volume, weight and the number of pulmonary metastases in vivo. Mechanistic analyses indicated that MCM6 promoted EMT and activated MEK/ERK signaling. More importantly, serum MCM6 levels in HCC patients were significantly higher than those in cirrhosis and healthy controls (P < 0.0001), and allowed distinguishing early recurrence with high accuracy (AUC = 0.773). Conclusions Our findings indicate that MCM6 predicts poor prognosis and promotes metastasis in HCC. Postoperative serum MCM6 level could be valuable to detect preclinical early recurrence, indicative of a need for more careful surveillance and aggressive therapeutic intervention. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-017-0669-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510315, China.,Cancer center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510315, China
| | - Qiaoting Hu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510315, China.,Cancer center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510315, China
| | - Mengxian Tu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510315, China.,Cancer center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510315, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Zike Yang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510315, China.,Cancer center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510315, China
| | - Guoxiong Yang
- Medical Imaging Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518100, China
| | - Rongcheng Luo
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510315, China. .,Cancer center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510315, China.
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Curcumin downregulates the expression of Snail via suppressing Smad2 pathway to inhibit TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in hepatoma cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:108498-108508. [PMID: 29312546 PMCID: PMC5752459 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains the third cause of cancer-related mortality. Resection and transplantation are the only curative treatments available but are greatly hampered by high recurrence rates and development of metastasis, the initiation of cancer metastasis requires migration and invasion of cells, which is enabled by epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMT). TGF-β1 is a secreted protein that performs many cellular functions, including the control of cell growth, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and apoptosis. TGF-β1 is known as a major inducer of EMT, and it was reported that TGF-β1 induced EMT via Smad-dependent and Smad-independent pathways. However, the extrinsic signals of TGF-β1 regulated the EMT in hepatoma cells remains to be elucidated, and searching drugs to inhibit TGF-β1 induced EMT may be considered to be a potentially effective therapeutic strategy in HCC. Fortunately, in this study, we found that curcumin inhibited TGF-β1-induced EMT in hepatoma cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that curcumin inhibited TGF-β1-induced EMT via inhibiting Smad2 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, then suppressing Smad2 combined with the promoter of Snail which inhibited the transcriptional expression of Snail. These findings suggesting curcumin could be a useful agent for antitumor therapy and also a promising drug combined with other strategies to preventing and treating HCC.
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Li Y, Wang LH, Zhang HT, Wang YT, Liu S, Zhou WL, Yuan XZ, Li TY, Wu CF, Yang JY. Disulfiram combined with copper inhibits metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma through the NF-κB and TGF-β pathways. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:439-451. [PMID: 29148232 PMCID: PMC5742719 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Late‐stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually has a low survival rate because of the high risk of metastases and the lack of an effective cure. Disulfiram (DSF) has copper (Cu)‐dependent anticancer properties in vitro and in vivo. The present work aims to explore the anti‐metastasis effects and molecular mechanisms of DSF/Cu on HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that DSF inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells. Cu improved the anti‐metastatic activity of DSF, while Cu alone had no effect. Furthermore, DSF/Cu inhibited both NF‐κB and TGF‐β signalling, including the nuclear translocation of NF‐κB subunits and the expression of Smad4, leading to down‐regulation of Snail and Slug, which contributed to phenotype epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Finally, DSF/Cu inhibited the lung metastasis of Hep3B cells not only in a subcutaneous tumour model but also in an orthotopic liver metastasis assay. These results indicated that DSF/Cu suppressed the metastasis and EMT of hepatic carcinoma through NF‐κB and TGF‐β signalling. Our study indicates the potential of DSF/Cu for therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li-Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao-Tian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ya-Ting Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wen-Long Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiang-Zhong Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tian-Yang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chun-Fu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing-Yu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Wang Y, Lee M, Yu G, Lee H, Han X, Kim D. CTHRC1 activates pro-tumorigenic signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:105238-105250. [PMID: 29285247 PMCID: PMC5739634 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CTHRC1 expression is involved in invasion and metastasis in various tumors. However, the molecules involved in its signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain elusive. The migration and invasion abilities of HCC cells stably expressing CTHRC1 were assessed in vitro and in vivo with a mouse model. Moreover, signaling pathways involved in invasion and metastasis were analyzed. CTHRC1 was abundantly expressed in HCC cell lines and HCC tissues. CTHRC1 was also detectable in the serum of HCC patients, compared with non-tumor controls. CTHRC1 mRNA was positively correlated with large tumor size (p <0.003), Edmondson differentiation grade (p <0.0001), microvessel invasion (p <0.05), intrahepatic metastasis (p <0.005), and HCC stage (AJCC, p <0.0001). Ectopic expression of CTHRC1 in HepG2 cells promoted cell migration and invasiveness in vitro, and promoted tumor metastasis in a lung metastasis mouse model. Knockdown of CTHRC1 by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) in HCC cells suppressed migratory and invasive abilities. Growth factor-mediated CTHRC1 expression promoted cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis through activation of CREB/Snail signaling, which induced EMT change and MMPs expression. Therefore, CTHRC1 and its downstream molecules may be potential therapeutic targets for HCC invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijin Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Goungran Yu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hua Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Xueji Han
- Department of Infectious Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Daeghon Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
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Yu SL, Wu JC, Liu PF, Liu K, Ye C, Zhou KL, Li ZR, Xu YP. Up-regulation of RNF187 induces hepatocellular carcinoma cell epithelial to mesenchymal transitions. Oncotarget 2017; 8:101876-101886. [PMID: 29254210 PMCID: PMC5731920 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ring finger protein 187 (RNF187) has been identified to be a co-activator linking c Jun to Ras signaling. However, the expression and function of RNF187 in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) remains unclear. Here, we tried to determine the expression and roles of RNF187 in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC).The expression of RNF187 was determined in HCC tissues and cell lines, and we found that RNF187 expressed highly in HCC tissues compared with the corresponding adjacent liver tissues both in mRNA and protein level, which was consistent with the result of immunohistochemistry on HCC tissue microarrays. In HCC cell lines, the level of RNF187 was positively associated with the HCC cells metastatic potential. By the RNF187 interference and cDNA transfection, we showed that the high level of RNF187 induced the HCC cells invasion and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo, as well as the high ability of colony formation.Mechanistically, we detected the high level of RNF187 promoted cell scatter by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Clinically, the high level of RNA187 was significantly correlated with a malignant phenotype, including larger tumor size, multiple tumors, and microvascular invasion. Importantly, high level of RNF187 correlated with HCC patients' shorter OS and lower disease free survival rates than those with low level of RNF187. Our results revealed that elevated expression of RNF187 induced hepatocellular carcinoma cell epithelial to mesenchymal transitions, and represented a novel marker for predicting the poor prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Lin Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Jin-Cai Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Hainan Provincial People's Hospital, University of South China, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Peng-Fei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Chun Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Kai-Lun Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Hainan Provincial People's Hospital, University of South China, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Zhuo-Ri Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Hainan Provincial People's Hospital, University of South China, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Ya-Ping Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
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Dong J, Zhai B, Sun W, Hu F, Cheng H, Xu J. Activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/snail signaling pathway contributes to epithelial-mesenchymal transition-induced multi-drug resistance to sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185088. [PMID: 28934275 PMCID: PMC5608310 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib, an orally available kinase inhibitor, is the standard first-line systemic drug for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and it exerts potent inhibitory activity against epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and multidrug resistance (MDR) by inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in HCC. However, after long-term exposure to sorafenib, HCC cells exhibit EMT and resistance to sorafenib. The activation of AKT by sorafenib is thought to be responsible for the development of these characteristics. The present study aims to examine the underlying mechanism and seek potential strategies to reverse this resistance and the progression to EMT. Sorafenib-resistant cells showed increased metastatic and invasive ability, with a higher expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), compared with the parental cells. This phenomenon was at least partially due to EMT and the appearance of MDR in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. Moreover, MDR was a downstream molecular event of EMT. Silencing Snail with siRNA blocked EMT and partially reversed the MDR, thereby markedly abolishing invasion and metastasis in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells, but silencing of MDR1 had no effect on the EMT phenotype. Additionally, HCC parental cells that were stably transfected with pCDNA3.1-Snail exhibited EMT and MDR. Two sorafenib-resistant HCC cell lines, established from human HCC HepG2 and Huh7 cells, were refractory to sorafenib-induced growth inhibition but were sensitive to MK-2206, a novel allosteric AKT inhibitor. Thus, the combination of sorafenib and MK-2206 led to significant reversion of the EMT phenotype and P-gp-mediated MDR by downregulating phosphorylated AKT. These findings underscore the significance of EMT, MDR and enhanced PI3K/AKT signaling in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiejie Dong
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Yuncheng Central Hospital, Yuncheng, Shanxi, China
| | - Bo Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Medical Science Institute, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weihua Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Fengli Hu
- Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Medical Science Institute, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Medical Science Institute, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- * E-mail:
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Hu B, Xie S, Hu Y, Chen W, Chen X, Zheng Y, Wu X. Hepatitis C virus NS4B protein induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition by upregulation of Snail. Virol J 2017; 14:83. [PMID: 28431572 PMCID: PMC5399819 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-017-0737-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an important cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key process associated with tumor metastasis and poor prognosis. HCV infection, HCV core and NS5A protein could induce EMT process, but the role of NS4B on EMT remains poorly understood. Methods We overexpressed HCV NS4B protein in HepG2 cells or Huh7.5.1 cells infected by HCVcc, the E-cadherin expression, N-cadherin expression and the EMT-associated transcriptional factor Snail were determined. The migration and invasion capabilities of the transfected cells were evaluated using wound-healing assay. Additionally, we used Snail siRNA interference to confirm the relation of HCV NS4B and Snail on EMT promotion. Results HCV NS4B increased the expression of EMT related markers and promoted cell migration and invasion. Snail knock-down almost completely eliminated the function of NS4B protein in EMT changes and reversed cell migration capacity to lower level. HCV NS4B protein could reduce the expression of Scribble and Hippo signal pathway were subsequently inactivated, resulting in the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway, which may be the reason for the up-regulation of Snail. Conclusions This study demonstrates that HCV NS4B protein induces EMT progression via the upregulation of Snail in HCC, which may be a novel underlying mechanism for HCV-associated HCC development, invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bicheng Hu
- Institute of Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Shenggao Xie
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Yuqian Hu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Institute of Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaofan Chen
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- The Central Laboratory, Guangming New District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518106, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xinxing Wu
- Institute of Virology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
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Hur K, Toiyama Y, Okugawa Y, Ide S, Imaoka H, Boland CR, Goel A. Circulating microRNA-203 predicts prognosis and metastasis in human colorectal cancer. Gut 2017; 66:654-665. [PMID: 26701878 PMCID: PMC4919275 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Distant metastasis is a major cause of deaths in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), which is partly due to lack of robust metastasis-predictive biomarkers. In spite of the important function of microRNA (miR)-203 in cancer metastasis, its clinical significance in CRC metastasis remains unknown. Here, we evaluated the potential role of serum miR-203 as a non-invasive biomarker for CRC metastasis. METHODS MiR-203 expression was quantified by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR in 58 pairs of primary CRC (pCRC) and corresponding matched liver metastasis (LM), as well as 186 serum and 154 matched tissue specimens from patients with CRC in cohort 1. Next, we performed validation of miR-203 levels in serum from 144 patients with CRC in an independent cohort (cohort 2). Mouse models of CRC-associated metastases were established to identify the source of circulating miR-203. Expression patterns of miR-203 in tissues were determined by in situ hybridisation. RESULTS MiR-203 expression was significantly upregulated in LM compared with matched pCRC tissues. Serum miR-203 levels were significantly upregulated in a stage-dependent manner, and high miR-203 expression was associated with poor survival in patients with CRC in both patient cohorts. Increased miR-203 levels in serum indicated high risk for poor prognosis (HR=2.1), as well as metastasis to lymph nodes (OR=2.5), liver (OR=6.2), peritoneum (OR=7.2) and distant organs (OR=4.4). Serum miR-203 levels were significantly higher in animals with liver or systemic metastasis compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS High levels of serum miR-203 associate with poor survival and metastasis, suggesting it to be a promising non-invasive prognostic and metastasis-predictive biomarker in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun Hur
- Center for Gastrointestinal Cancer Research; Center for Epigenetics, Cancer Prevention and Cancer Genomics, Baylor Research Institute and Charles A Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA,Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University; and BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuji Toiyama
- Center for Gastrointestinal Cancer Research; Center for Epigenetics, Cancer Prevention and Cancer Genomics, Baylor Research Institute and Charles A Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA,Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Yoshinaga Okugawa
- Center for Gastrointestinal Cancer Research; Center for Epigenetics, Cancer Prevention and Cancer Genomics, Baylor Research Institute and Charles A Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Shozo Ide
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Hiroki Imaoka
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - C. Richard Boland
- Center for Gastrointestinal Cancer Research; Center for Epigenetics, Cancer Prevention and Cancer Genomics, Baylor Research Institute and Charles A Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ajay Goel
- Center for Gastrointestinal Cancer Research; Center for Epigenetics, Cancer Prevention and Cancer Genomics, Baylor Research Institute and Charles A Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Go RE, Kim CW, Jeon SY, Byun YS, Jeung EB, Nam KH, Choi KC. Fludioxonil induced the cancer growth and metastasis via altering epithelial-mesenchymal transition via an estrogen receptor-dependent pathway in cellular and xenografted breast cancer models. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:1439-1454. [PMID: 27539251 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fludioxonil is an antifungal agent used in agricultural applications that is present at measurable amounts in fruits and vegetables. In this study, the effects of fludioxonil on cancer cell viability, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and metastasis were examined in MCF-7 clonal variant breast cancer cell (MCF-7 CV cells) with estrogen receptors (ERs). MCF-7 CV cells were cultured with 0.1% DMSO (control), 17β-estradiol (E2; 1 ×10-9 M, positive control), or fludioxonil (10-5 -10-8 M). MTT assay revealed that fludioxonil increased MCF-7 CV cell proliferation 1.2 to 1.5 times compared to the control, while E2 markedly increased the cell proliferation by about 3.5 times. When the samples were co-treated with ICI 182,780 (10-8 M), an ER antagonist, fludioxonil-induced cell proliferation was reversed to the level of the control. Protein levels of cyclin E1, cyclin D1, Snail, and N-cadherin increased in response to fludioxonil as the reaction to E2, but these increases were not observed when fludioxonil was administered with ICI 182,780. Moreover, the protein level of p21 and E-cadherin decreased in response to treatment with fludioxonil, but remained at the control level when co-treated with ICI 182,780. In xenografted mouse models transplanted with MCF-7 CV cells, fludioxonil significantly increased the tumor mass formation by about 2.5 times as E2 did when compared to vehicle (0.1% DMSO) during the experimental period (80 days). Immunohistochemistry revealed that the protein level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Snail, and cathepsin D increased in response to fludioxonil as the reaction to E2. These results imply that fludioxonil may have a potential to induce growth or metastatic behaviors of breast cancer by regulation of the expression of cell cycle-, EMT-, and metastasis-related genes via the ER-dependent pathway. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1439-1454, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryeo-Eun Go
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho-Won Kim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ye Jeon
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sub Byun
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hoan Nam
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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He P, Zhang HX, Sun CY, Chen CY, Jiang HQ. Overexpression of SASH1 Inhibits the Proliferation, Invasion, and EMT in Hepatocarcinoma Cells. Oncol Res 2017; 24:25-32. [PMID: 27178819 PMCID: PMC7838664 DOI: 10.3727/096504016x14575597858609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The SASH1 (SAM- and SH3-domain containing 1) gene, a member of the SLY (SH3 domain containing expressed in lymphocytes) family of signal adapter proteins, has been implicated in tumorigenesis of many types of cancers. However, the role and mechanism of SASH1 in the invasion and metastasis of hepatocarcinoma are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the role and mechanism of SASH1 in the invasion and metastasis of hepatocarcinoma. Our results showed that SASH1 was lowly expressed in hepatocarcinoma cell lines. The in vitro experiments showed that overexpression of SASH1 inhibited the proliferation and migration/invasion of hepatocarcinoma cells, as well as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progress. Furthermore, overexpression of SASH1 suppressed the expression of Shh as well as Smo, Ptc, and Gli-1 in hepatocarcinoma cells. Taken together, these results suggest that overexpression of SASH1 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of hepatocarcinoma cells through the inactivation of Shh signaling pathway. Therefore, these findings reveal that SASH1 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of hepatocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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BMP4 promotes metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by an induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition via upregulating ID2. Cancer Lett 2017; 390:67-76. [PMID: 28093286 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), a crucial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mediator, in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients heretofore has not been elucidated. The present study analyzed BMP4 expression in tumors and paired non-tumorous liver tissue and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics from two independent cohorts consisting of 420 HCC patients. Functional analysis of BMP4 was performed in Bel-7402 and HCCLM3 HCC cells, and in a murine HCC model. The downstream targets of BMP4 in HCC were screened and confirmed. The results indicated that BMP4 expression was significantly increased in HCC tissue and highly metastatic HCC cells. BMP4 expression was correlated with vein invasion, overall survival and recurrence-free survival of HCC. BMP4 promoted HCC EMT and metastasis in vitro, and consistently in vivo. BMP4 knockdown blocked EMT and tumor metastasis in nude mice. ID2 was up-regulated by recombinant human BMP4, resulting in HCC EMT. Knockdown of ID2 blocked BMP4-induced EMT. In conclusion, BMP4 promotes invasion and metastasis of HCC by an induction of EMT via up-regulating ID2. BMP4 may be a valuable prognostic factor and potential therapeutic target for HCC therapy.
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46
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Lei X, Li YF, Chen GD, Ou DP, Qiu XX, Zuo CH, Yang LY. Ack1 overexpression promotes metastasis and indicates poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:40622-41. [PMID: 26536663 PMCID: PMC4747357 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the substantial data supporting the oncogenic role of Ack1, the predictive value and biologic role of Ack1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis remains unknown. In this study, both correlations of Ack1 expression with prognosis of HCC, and the role of Ack1 in metastasis of HCC were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that Ack1 was overexpressed in human HCC tissues and cell lines. High Ack1 expression was associated with HCC metastasis and determined as a significant and independent prognostic factor for HCC after liver resection. Ack1 promoted HCC invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we confirmed that Ack1 enhanced invasion and metastasis of HCC via EMT by mediating AKT phosphorylation. In conclusion, our study shows Ack1 is a novel prognostic biomarker for HCC and promotes metastasis of HCC via EMT by activating AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Lei
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yun-Feng Li
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Guo-Dong Chen
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Di-Peng Ou
- Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Qiu
- Department of Abdominal Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Chao-Hui Zuo
- Department of Abdominal Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Lian-Yue Yang
- Liver Cancer Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Department of Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
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Giannelli G, Koudelkova P, Dituri F, Mikulits W. Role of epithelial to mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2016; 65:798-808. [PMID: 27212245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 430] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a multistep biological process whereby epithelial cells change in plasticity by transient de-differentiation into a mesenchymal phenotype. EMT and its reversal, mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET), essentially occur during embryogenetic morphogenesis and have been increasingly described in fibrosis and cancer during the last decade. In carcinoma progression, EMT plays a crucial role in early steps of metastasis when cells lose cell-cell contacts due to ablation of E-cadherin and acquire increased motility to spread into surrounding or distant tissues. Epithelial plasticity has become a hot issue in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as strong inducers of EMT such as transforming growth factor-β are able to orchestrate both fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis, showing rising cytokine levels in cirrhosis and late stage HCC. In this review, we consider the significance of EMT-MET in malignant hepatocytes as well as changes in the plasticity of hepatic stellate cells for cellular heterogeneity of HCC, and further aim at explaining the current limiting insights into EMT by snapshot analyses of HCC tissues. Recent advances in the identification of clinically relevant mechanisms that impinge on important EMT-transcription factors, as well as on miRNAs causing EMT signatures and HCC progression are highlighted. In addition, we draw particular attention to framing EMT in the context of potential clinical relevance for HCC patients. We conclude that some aspects of EMT are still elusive and further studies are required to better link the clinical management of HCC with biomarkers and targeted therapies related to EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Giannelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy.
| | - Petra Koudelkova
- Department of Medicine I, Division: Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Francesco Dituri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Mikulits
- Department of Medicine I, Division: Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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Zeng QS, Xie BH, Xie YK, Wang XN. Activated Cdc42 kinase 1 and hepatocellular carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:3853-3859. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i27.3853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer includes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocellular carcinoma. The incidence of HCC is different between countries and regions. As one of the common malignant tumors in China, HCC has high mortality and is the second most common cause of cancer-related death. Elucidating the molecular mechanism of HCC pathogenesis is important for the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer in China. The expression of activated Cdc42 kinase 1 (ACK1) has been found in a variety of cancers, and ACK1 participates in the occurrence and development of cancers. However, there are currently few studies about the relationship between ACK1 protein and HCC. This paper reviews the structure characteristics and biological function of ACK1 as well as its relationship with invasion and metastasis of HCC.
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Zheng J, Li J. WITHDRAWN: Serum miRNA-203 expression, a potential biomarker for recurrence and prognosis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2016:CBM653. [PMID: 27689614 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Ahead of Print article withdrawn by publisher.
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Wang Z, Qu L, Deng B, Sun X, Wu S, Liao J, Fan J, Peng Z. STYK1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor metastasis in human hepatocellular carcinoma through MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33205. [PMID: 27628214 PMCID: PMC5024114 DOI: 10.1038/srep33205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase 1 (STYK1) is known to be involved in tumor progression. However, its molecular role and mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. We evaluated the effect of STYK1 expression in HCC tissues and investigated the underlying mechanisms associated with progression. HCC tissues expressed greater levels of STYK1 than paired non-tumor tissues. Patients with HCC expressing low levels of STYK1 showed both, greater disease-free (p < 0.0001) and overall (p = 0.0004) survival than those expressing high levels of STYK1. Decreased expression of STYK1 was significantly associated with decreased cell proliferation, reduced migratory capability, and reduced invasive capability. Overexpression of STYK1 was significantly associated with increased cell proliferation, migratory capability, and invasive capability in vitro, as well as increased volume of tumor, weight of tumor, and number of pulmonary metastases in vivo. Furthermore, STYK1's mechanism of promoting cancer cell mobility and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was found to be via the MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways, resulting in increased expression of mesenchymal protein markers: snail, fibronectin, and vimentin, and decreased E-cadherin expression. Our results suggest that STYK1 acts as an oncogene by inducing cell invasion and EMT via the MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways and it therefore may be a potential therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Lei Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Biao Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xing Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Shaohan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jianhua Liao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Junwei Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Zhihai Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
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