1
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Wang H, Zhang L, Hu C, Li H, Jiang M. Wnt signaling and tumors (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 2024; 21:45. [PMID: 38798312 PMCID: PMC11117032 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2024.2743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is a highly conserved evolutionary pathway that plays a key role in regulation of embryonic development, as well as tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Abnormalities in Wnt signaling are associated with tumorigenesis and development, leading to poor prognosis in patients with cancer. However, the pharmacological effects and mechanisms underlying Wnt signaling and its inhibition in cancer treatment remain unclear. In addition, potential side effects of inhibiting this process are not well understood. Therefore, the present review outlines the role of Wnt signaling in tumorigenesis, development, metastasis, cancer stem cells, radiotherapy resistance and tumor immunity. The present review further identifies inhibitors that target Wnt signaling to provide a potential novel direction for cancer treatment. This may facilitate early application of safe and effective drugs targeting Wnt signaling in clinical settings. An in-depth understanding of the mechanisms underlying inhibition of Wnt signaling may improve the prognosis of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaishi Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan 411100, P.R. China
| | - Lihai Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan 411100, P.R. China
| | - Chao Hu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan 411100, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan 411100, P.R. China
| | - Mingyan Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan 411100, P.R. China
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2
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Dutt P, Haider N, Mouaaz S, Podmore L, Stambolic V. β-catenin turnover is regulated by Nek10-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2300606121. [PMID: 38683979 PMCID: PMC11087748 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300606121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
β-catenin has influential roles affecting embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, and human diseases including cancer. Cellular β-catenin levels are exquisitely controlled by a variety of regulatory mechanisms. In the course of exploring the functions of the Nek10 tyrosine kinase, we observed that deletion of Nek10 in lung adenocarcinoma cells resulted in dramatic stabilization of β-catenin, suggestive of a Nek10 role in the control of β-catenin turnover. Nek10-deficient cells exhibited diminished ability to form tumorspheres in suspension, grow in soft agar, and colonize mouse lung tissue following tail vein injection. Mechanistically, Nek10 associates with the Axin complex, responsible for β-catenin degradation, where it phosphorylates β-catenin at Tyr30, located within the regulatory region governing β-catenin turnover. In the absence of Nek10 phosphorylation, GSK3-mediated phosphorylation of β-catenin, a prerequisite for its turnover, is impaired. This represents a divergent function within the Nek family, whose other members are serine-threonine kinases involved in different elements of the centrosomal cycle, primary cilia function, and DNA damage responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Previn Dutt
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Research Tower, Toronto, ONM5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Nasir Haider
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Research Tower, Toronto, ONM5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Samar Mouaaz
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Research Tower, Toronto, ONM5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Lauren Podmore
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Research Tower, Toronto, ONM5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Vuk Stambolic
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Research Tower, Toronto, ONM5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Research Tower, Toronto, ONM5G 1L7, Canada
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3
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Zuo X, Wang X, Ma T, Chen S, Cao P, Cheng H, Yang N, Han X, Gao W, Liu X, Sun Y. TNFRSF19 within the 13q12.12 Risk Locus Functions as a Lung Cancer Suppressor by Binding Wnt3a to Inhibit Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Mol Cancer Res 2024; 22:227-239. [PMID: 38047807 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-23-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer risk loci provide special clues for uncovering pathogenesis of cancers. The TNFRSF19 gene located within the 13q12.12 lung cancer risk locus encodes TNF receptor superfamily member 19 (TNFRSF19) protein and has been proved to be a key target gene of a lung tissue-specific tumor suppressive enhancer, but its functional role in lung cancer pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. Here we showed that the TNFRSF19 gene could protect human bronchial epithelial Beas-2B cells from pulmonary carcinogen nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK)-induced malignant transformation. Knockout of the TNFRSF19 significantly increased NNK-induced colony formation rate on soft agar. Moreover, TNFRSF19 expression was significantly reduced in lung cancer tissues and cell lines. Restoration of TNFRSF19 expression in A549 lung cancer cell line dramatically suppressed the tumor formation in xenograft mouse model. Interestingly, the TNFRSF19 protein that is an orphan membrane receptor could compete with LRP6 to bind Wnt3a, thereby inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway that is required for NNK-induced malignant transformation as indicated by protein pulldown, site mutation, and fluorescence energy resonance transfer experiments. Knockout of the TNFRSF19 enhanced LRP6-Wnt3a interaction, promoting β-catenin nucleus translocation and the downstream target gene expression, and thus sensitized the cells to NNK carcinogen. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that the TNFRSF19 inhibited lung cancer carcinogenesis by competing with LRP6 to combine with Wnt3a to inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. IMPLICATIONS These findings revealed a novel anti-lung cancer mechanism, highlighting the special significance of TNFRSF19 gene within the 13q12.12 risk locus in lung cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xuchun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Tingzheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Shuhan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Pingping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - He Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Nan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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4
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Mortezaee K. WNT/β-catenin regulatory roles on PD-(L)1 and immunotherapy responses. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:15. [PMID: 38280119 PMCID: PMC10822012 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01274-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Dysregulation of WNT/β-catenin is a hallmark of many cancer types and a key mediator of metastasis in solid tumors. Overactive β-catenin signaling hampers dendritic cell (DC) recruitment, promotes CD8+ T cell exclusion and increases the population of regulatory T cells (Tregs). The activity of WNT/β-catenin also induces the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) on tumor cells and promotes programmed death-1 (PD-1) upregulation. Increased activity of WNT/β-catenin signaling after anti-PD-1 therapy is indicative of a possible implication of this signaling in bypassing immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. This review is aimed at giving a comprehensive overview of the WNT/β-catenin regulatory roles on PD-1/PD-L1 axis in tumor immune ecosystem, discussing about key mechanistic events contributed to the WNT/β-catenin-mediated bypass of ICI therapy, and representing inhibitors of this signaling as promising combinatory regimen to go with anti-PD-(L)1 in cancer immunotherapy. Ideas presented in this review imply the synergistic efficacy of such combination therapy in rendering durable anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
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5
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Lin X, Meng X, Lin J. The possible role of Wnt/β-catenin signalling in vitiligo treatment. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:2208-2221. [PMID: 36912722 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a common chronic skin disease which has an adverse impact on patients' life. Its pathogenesis is complex, involving autoimmunity and oxidative stress (OS). Autoimmunity leads to the loss of epidermal melanocytes and the formation of the depigmented patches of the disease. Treatment of vitiligo should control the exaggerated immune response to arrest the progress of active disease, and then promote melanocytes to repigmentation. Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway has been of recent interest in vitiligo. Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway is downregulated in vitiligo. Upregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling possibly control vitiligo autoimmune response by protecting melanocyte from OS damage, inhibiting CD8+ T cell effector cell differentiation and enhancing Treg. Wnt/β-catenin signalling plays a critical role in the melanocyte regeneration by driving the differentiation of melanocyte stem cells (McSCs) into melanocytes. Promoting Wnt/β-catenin signalling can not only arrest the progress of active disease of vitiligo but also promote repigmentation. Some of the main effective therapies for vitiligo are likely to work by activating Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Agents that can enhance the effect of Wnt/β-catenin signalling may become potential candidates for the development of new drugs for vitiligo treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiran Lin
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xianmin Meng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Axia Women's Health, Oaks, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jingrong Lin
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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6
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Sánchez-Tilló E, Pedrosa L, Vila I, Chen Y, Győrffy B, Sánchez-Moral L, Siles L, Lozano JJ, Esteve-Codina A, Darling DS, Cuatrecasas M, Castells A, Maurel J, Postigo A. The EMT factor ZEB1 paradoxically inhibits EMT in BRAF-mutant carcinomas. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e164629. [PMID: 37870961 PMCID: PMC10619495 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite being in the same pathway, mutations of KRAS and BRAF in colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) determine distinct progression courses. ZEB1 induces an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and is associated with worse progression in most carcinomas. Using samples from patients with CRC, mouse models of KrasG12D and BrafV600E CRC, and a Zeb1-deficient mouse, we show that ZEB1 had opposite functions in KRAS- and BRAF-mutant CRCs. In KrasG12D CRCs, ZEB1 was correlated with a worse prognosis and a higher number of larger and undifferentiated (mesenchymal or EMT-like) tumors. Surprisingly, in BrafV600E CRC, ZEB1 was associated with better prognosis; fewer, smaller, and more differentiated (reduced EMT) primary tumors; and fewer metastases. ZEB1 was positively correlated in KRAS-mutant CRC cells and negatively in BRAF-mutant CRC cells with gene signatures for EMT, cell proliferation and survival, and ERK signaling. On a mechanistic level, ZEB1 knockdown in KRAS-mutant CRC cells increased apoptosis and reduced clonogenicity and anchorage-independent growth; the reverse occurred in BRAFV600E CRC cells. ZEB1 is associated with better prognosis and reduced EMT signature in patients harboring BRAF CRCs. These data suggest that ZEB1 can function as a tumor suppressor in BRAF-mutant CRCs, highlighting the importance of considering the KRAS/BRAF mutational background of CRCs in therapeutic strategies targeting ZEB1/EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Sánchez-Tilló
- Group of Gene Regulation in Stem Cells, Cell Plasticity, Differentiation, and Cancer, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Group of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology, Department of Liver, Digestive System and Metabolism, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Health Institute (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leire Pedrosa
- Group of Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, and Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ingrid Vila
- Group of Gene Regulation in Stem Cells, Cell Plasticity, Differentiation, and Cancer, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yongxu Chen
- Group of Gene Regulation in Stem Cells, Cell Plasticity, Differentiation, and Cancer, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences (TKK), and Department of Bioinformatics and 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lidia Sánchez-Moral
- Group of Gene Regulation in Stem Cells, Cell Plasticity, Differentiation, and Cancer, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Siles
- Group of Gene Regulation in Stem Cells, Cell Plasticity, Differentiation, and Cancer, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan J. Lozano
- Bioinformatics Platform, CIBEREHD, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Esteve-Codina
- National Centre for Genomic Analysis (CNAG) Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Douglas S. Darling
- Department of Oral Immunology, and Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Miriam Cuatrecasas
- Biomedical Research Network in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Health Institute (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
- Group of Molecular Pathology of Inflammatory Conditions and Solid Tumours, Department of Oncology and Hematology, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic and University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Castells
- Group of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Oncology, Department of Liver, Digestive System and Metabolism, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Health Institute (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clinic and University of Barcelona School of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Maurel
- Biomedical Research Network in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Health Institute (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
- Group of Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, and Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Postigo
- Group of Gene Regulation in Stem Cells, Cell Plasticity, Differentiation, and Cancer, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases (CIBEREHD), Carlos III National Health Institute (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
- Molecular Targets Program, Department of Medicine, J.G. Brown Cancer Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Shen X, Gao C, Li H, Liu C, Wang L, Li Y, Liu R, Sun C, Zhuang J. Natural compounds: Wnt pathway inhibitors with therapeutic potential in lung cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1250893. [PMID: 37841927 PMCID: PMC10568034 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1250893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is abnormally activated in most lung cancer tissues and considered to be an accelerator of carcinogenesis and lung cancer progression, which is closely related to increased morbidity rates, malignant progression, and treatment resistance. Although targeting the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway shows significant potential for lung cancer therapy, it still faces challenges owing to its complexity, tumor heterogeneity and wide physiological activity. Therefore, it is necessary to elucidate the role of the abnormal activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in lung cancer progression. Moreover, Wnt inhibitors used in lung cancer clinical trials are expected to break existing therapeutic patterns, although their adverse effects limit the treatment window. This is the first study to summarize the research progress on various compounds, including natural products and derivatives, that target the canonical Wnt pathway in lung cancer to develop safer and more targeted drugs or alternatives. Various natural products have been found to inhibit Wnt/β-catenin in various ways, such as through upstream and downstream intervention pathways, and have shown encouraging preclinical anti-tumor efficacy. Their diversity and low toxicity make them a popular research topic, laying the foundation for further combination therapies and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetong Shen
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chundi Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Huayao Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Cun Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Longyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, China
| | - Ye Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, China
| | - Ruijuan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Changgang Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Jing Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China
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8
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Cui Y, Tang C, Guo J, Sun Y, Ke Z. Dishevelled Segment Polarity Protein 3: A Novel Prognosis-related Marker in Pan-driver-gene-negative Lung Adenocarcinoma. J Cancer 2023; 14:3028-3038. [PMID: 37859822 PMCID: PMC10583592 DOI: 10.7150/jca.87722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential prognostic molecular marker in patients with "pan-driver-gene-negative" lung adenocarcinoma (PDGN-LUAD). LUAD patients who were negative for mutations in EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, HER2, MET, ALK, RET and ROS1 were identified as PDGN-LUAD. Methods: In the screening phase, we profiled the mRNA expression levels in 52 paired PDGN-LUAD tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues using a genome-wide microarray, and the results revealed that the expression level of dishevelled segment polarity protein 3 (DVL3) was higher in PDGN-LUAD tumor tissues than in normal lung tissues. Then, we enrolled 626 PDGN-LUAD patients from three independent hospital centers and divided them into a training cohort, an internal validation cohort and two external validation cohorts. In the training cohort, tissue microarrays (TMAs) were used to confirm the protein expression level of DVL3. Statistical methods were applied to explore the prognostic role of DVL3. Results: The results indicated that the level of DVL3 could be used to classify patients with PDGN-LUAD in the training cohort into a high-risk group (high expression level of DVL3) and a low-risk group (low expression level of DVL3). In the training cohort, high-risk patients had shorter overall survival (OS) times (hazard ratio [HR] 2.27; 95% CI, 1.57-2.97; p<0.001) than low-risk patients. In the validation phase, the performance of DVL3 as a prognostic marker was successfully validated in the internal and external cohorts. Conclusions: In conclusion, DVL3 is an important prognostic indicator for PDGN-LUAD and may provide new insights into the treatment of PDGN-LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Cui
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Cuilan Tang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Jinrui Guo
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Zunfu Ke
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
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9
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Juul NH, Yoon JK, Martinez MC, Rishi N, Kazadaeva YI, Morri M, Neff NF, Trope WL, Shrager JB, Sinha R, Desai TJ. KRAS(G12D) drives lepidic adenocarcinoma through stem-cell reprogramming. Nature 2023; 619:860-867. [PMID: 37468622 PMCID: PMC10423036 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06324-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Many cancers originate from stem or progenitor cells hijacked by somatic mutations that drive replication, exemplified by adenomatous transformation of pulmonary alveolar epithelial type II (AT2) cells1. Here we demonstrate a different scenario: expression of KRAS(G12D) in differentiated AT1 cells reprograms them slowly and asynchronously back into AT2 stem cells that go on to generate indolent tumours. Like human lepidic adenocarcinoma, the tumour cells slowly spread along alveolar walls in a non-destructive manner and have low ERK activity. We find that AT1 and AT2 cells act as distinct cells of origin and manifest divergent responses to concomitant WNT activation and KRAS(G12D) induction, which accelerates AT2-derived but inhibits AT1-derived adenoma proliferation. Augmentation of ERK activity in KRAS(G12D)-induced AT1 cells increases transformation efficiency, proliferation and progression from lepidic to mixed tumour histology. Overall, we have identified a new cell of origin for lung adenocarcinoma, the AT1 cell, which recapitulates features of human lepidic cancer. In so doing, we also uncover a capacity for oncogenic KRAS to reprogram a differentiated and quiescent cell back into its parent stem cell en route to adenomatous transformation. Our work further reveals that irrespective of a given cancer's current molecular profile and driver oncogene, the cell of origin exerts a pervasive and perduring influence on its subsequent behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas H Juul
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jung-Ki Yoon
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marina C Martinez
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Neha Rishi
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yana I Kazadaeva
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Winston L Trope
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joseph B Shrager
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rahul Sinha
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Tushar J Desai
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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10
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Chen D, Gao S, Gao F, Liu A, Li J, Li J, Liu Q. SMEK1 promotes lung adenocarcinoma proliferation and invasion by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:976-986. [PMID: 36463369 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-03001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE SMEK1, also known as PP4R3α, the regulatory subunit 3α of serine and threonine phosphatase PP4, participates in diversely critical biological processes such as the integration of centromere, deacetylation of histones, asymmetric divisions of neuroblast, and other crucial cellular activities. SMEK1 was formerly reported to play a part in carcinogenesis. This study aims to reveal the role of SMEK1 in lung adenocarcinoma and the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS Using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, the protein level of SMEK1 in lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent non-tumor tissue was detected. The functional role of SMEK1 in cell proliferation and invasion was explored using cell counting kit-8 and Transwell assay, respectively. Xenograft tumor experiment was used to investigate the effect of SMEK1 on tumor growth in vivo. The alteration of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was detected by Western blotting, quantitative PCR, and dual-luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS SMEK1 was highly expressed at the protein level in lung adenocarcinoma compared to the adjacent non-tumor tissue. In vitro, suppression of SMEK1 significantly decreased the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, while overexpression of SMEK1 enhanced above abilities. The xenograft model demonstrated that down-regulation of SMEK1 significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo. In addition, we found that SMEK1 could positively regulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. CONCLUSIONS SMEK1 exerts a cancer-promoting effect in lung adenocarcinoma by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shang Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ai Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jiangxia Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jisheng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Qiji Liu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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11
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Alam M, Hasan GM, Eldin SM, Adnan M, Riaz MB, Islam A, Khan I, Hassan MI. Investigating regulated signaling pathways in therapeutic targeting of non-small cell lung carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114452. [PMID: 36878052 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most common malignancy worldwide. The signaling cascades are stimulated via genetic modifications in upstream signaling molecules, which affect apoptotic, proliferative, and differentiation pathways. Dysregulation of these signaling cascades causes cancer-initiating cell proliferation, cancer development, and drug resistance. Numerous efforts in the treatment of NSCLC have been undertaken in the past few decades, enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms of cancer development and moving forward to develop effective therapeutic approaches. Modifications of transcription factors and connected pathways are utilized to develop new treatment options for NSCLC. Developing designed inhibitors targeting specific cellular signaling pathways in tumor progression has been recommended for the therapeutic management of NSCLC. This comprehensive review provided deeper mechanistic insights into the molecular mechanism of action of various signaling molecules and their targeting in the clinical management of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzar Alam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Gulam Mustafa Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed M Eldin
- Center of Research, Faculty of Engineering, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Bilal Riaz
- Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdnask, Poland; Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ilyas Khan
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India.
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12
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B-lymphoid tyrosine kinase-mediated FAM83A phosphorylation elevates pancreatic tumorigenesis through interacting with β-catenin. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:66. [PMID: 36797256 PMCID: PMC9935901 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01268-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal activation of Wnt/β-catenin-mediated transcription is closely associated with the malignancy of pancreatic cancer. Family with sequence similarity 83 member A (FAM83A) was shown recently to have oncogenic effects in a variety of cancer types, but the biological roles and molecular mechanisms of FAM83A in pancreatic cancer need further investigation. Here, we newly discovered that FAM83A binds directly to β-catenin and inhibits the assembly of the cytoplasmic destruction complex thus inhibiting the subsequent phosphorylation and degradation. FAM83A is mainly phosphorylated by the SRC non-receptor kinase family member BLK (B-lymphoid tyrosine kinase) at tyrosine 138 residue within the DUF1669 domain that mediates the FAM83A-β-catenin interaction. Moreover, FAM83A tyrosine 138 phosphorylation enhances oncogenic Wnt/β-catenin-mediated transcription through promoting β-catenin-TCF4 interaction and showed an elevated nucleus translocation, which inhibits the recruitment of histone deacetylases by TCF4. We also showed that FAM83A is a direct downstream target of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and correlates with the levels of Wnt target genes in human clinical pancreatic cancer tissues. Notably, the inhibitory peptides that target the FAM83A-β-catenin interaction significantly suppressed pancreatic cancer growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Our results revealed that blocking the FAM83A cascade signaling defines a therapeutic target in human pancreatic cancer.
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13
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Xie C, Liang C, Wang R, Yi K, Zhou X, Li X, Chen Y, Miao D, Zhong C, Zhu J. Resveratrol suppresses lung cancer by targeting cancer stem-like cells and regulating tumor microenvironment. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 112:109211. [PMID: 36370924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicate that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the key driver of tumor initiation and recurrence. The cellular and soluble components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) impact on cancer initiation and progression, such as cytokines and chemokines. Thus, targeting CSCs and TME is a novel anti-cancer approach. Resveratrol (RES), a bioactive phytochemical extracted from various plants, exhibits tumor-suppressing activities in lung cancer, yet the mechanism remains poorly understood. Our data showed that the expression level of IL-6 was positively correlated with the presence of lung cancer stem-like cells (LCSCs) in human lung cancer tissues. In vitro results showed that IL-6 was highly elevated in lung cancer sphere-forming cells and could enhance the stemness of LCSCs, including tumor sphere formation ability, the percentage of CD133 positive cells, and the expression of LCSC specific markers (CD133, ALDH1A1 and Nanog). Simultaneously, our results confirmed that RES effectively inhibited LCSC properties, downregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling and reduced IL-6 level in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found RES treatment attenuated the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by LiCl (GSK3β agonist). IL-6-promoted LCSC properties and Wnt/β-catenin signaling was also reversed by RES. Taken together, these data illustrated that RES inhibited lung cancer by targeting LCSCs and IL-6 in TME. The novel findings from this study provided evidence that RES exhibited multi-target effects on suppression of lung cancer and could be a novel potent cancer-preventive compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfeng Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunhua Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kefan Yi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dengshun Miao
- Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Cancer Research Division, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jianyun Zhu
- Department of Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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14
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Oxidative stress-triggered Wnt signaling perturbation characterizes the tipping point of lung adeno-to-squamous transdifferentiation. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:16. [PMID: 36627278 PMCID: PMC9832009 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01227-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lkb1 deficiency confers the Kras-mutant lung cancer with strong plasticity and the potential for adeno-to-squamous transdifferentiation (AST). However, it remains largely unknown how Lkb1 deficiency dynamically regulates AST. Using the classical AST mouse model (Kras LSL-G12D/+;Lkb1flox/flox, KL), we here comprehensively analyze the temporal transcriptomic dynamics of lung tumors at different stages by dynamic network biomarker (DNB) and identify the tipping point at which the Wnt signaling is abruptly suppressed by the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through its downstream effector FOXO3A. Bidirectional genetic perturbation of the Wnt pathway using two different Ctnnb1 conditional knockout mouse strains confirms its essential role in the negative regulation of AST. Importantly, pharmacological activation of the Wnt pathway before but not after the tipping point inhibits squamous transdifferentiation, highlighting the irreversibility of AST after crossing the tipping point. Through comparative transcriptomic analyses of mouse and human tumors, we find that the lineage-specific transcription factors (TFs) of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma form a "Yin-Yang" counteracting network. Interestingly, inactivation of the Wnt pathway preferentially suppresses the adenomatous lineage TF network and thus disrupts the "Yin-Yang" homeostasis to lean towards the squamous lineage, whereas ectopic expression of NKX2-1, an adenomatous lineage TF, significantly dampens such phenotypic transition accelerated by the Wnt pathway inactivation. The negative correlation between the Wnt pathway and AST is further observed in a large cohort of human lung adenosquamous carcinoma. Collectively, our study identifies the tipping point of AST and highlights an essential role of the ROS-Wnt axis in dynamically orchestrating the homeostasis between adeno- and squamous-specific TF networks at the AST tipping point.
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15
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Kim KB, Kim DW, Kim Y, Tang J, Kirk N, Gan Y, Kim B, Fang B, Park JI, Zheng Y, Park KS. WNT5A-RHOA Signaling Is a Driver of Tumorigenesis and Represents a Therapeutically Actionable Vulnerability in Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4219-4233. [PMID: 36102736 PMCID: PMC9669186 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
WNT signaling represents an attractive target for cancer therapy due to its widespread oncogenic role. However, the molecular players involved in WNT signaling and the impact of their perturbation remain unknown for numerous recalcitrant cancers. Here, we characterize WNT pathway activity in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and determine the functional role of WNT signaling using genetically engineered mouse models. β-Catenin, a master mediator of canonical WNT signaling, was dispensable for SCLC development, and its transcriptional program was largely silenced during tumor development. Conversely, WNT5A, a ligand for β-catenin-independent noncanonical WNT pathways, promoted neoplastic transformation and SCLC cell proliferation, whereas WNT5A deficiency inhibited SCLC development. Loss of p130 in SCLC cells induced expression of WNT5A, which selectively increased Rhoa transcription and activated RHOA protein to drive SCLC. Rhoa knockout suppressed SCLC development in vivo, and chemical perturbation of RHOA selectively inhibited SCLC cell proliferation. These findings suggest a novel requirement for the WNT5A-RHOA axis in SCLC, providing critical insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for this recalcitrant cancer. This study also sheds light on the heterogeneity of WNT signaling in cancer and the molecular determinants of its cell-type specificity. SIGNIFICANCE The p130-WNT5A-RHOA pathway drives SCLC progression and is a potential target for the development of therapeutic interventions and biomarkers to improve patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kee-Beom Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Youngchul Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt
Cancer Research Center, Tampa Bay, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Nicole Kirk
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Yongyu Gan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Bongjun Kim
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson
Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bingliang Fang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, MD
Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jae-Il Park
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson
Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yi Zheng
- Devision of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology,
Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229,
USA
| | - Kwon-Sik Park
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA,Correspondence to Kwon-Sik Park, 1340 Jefferson
Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA, ,
phone: 434-982-1947
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16
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Sun D, Llora Batlle O, van den Ameele J, Thomas JC, He P, Lim K, Tang W, Xu C, Meyer KB, Teichmann SA, Marioni JC, Jackson SP, Brand AH, Rawlins EL. SOX9 maintains human foetal lung tip progenitor state by enhancing WNT and RTK signalling. EMBO J 2022; 41:e111338. [PMID: 36121125 PMCID: PMC9627674 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance between self-renewal and differentiation in human foetal lung epithelial progenitors controls the size and function of the adult organ. Moreover, progenitor cell gene regulation networks are employed by both regenerating and malignant lung cells, where modulators of their effects could potentially be of therapeutic value. Details of the molecular networks controlling human lung progenitor self-renewal remain unknown. We performed the first CRISPRi screen in primary human lung organoids to identify transcription factors controlling progenitor self-renewal. We show that SOX9 promotes proliferation of lung progenitors and inhibits precocious airway differentiation. Moreover, by identifying direct transcriptional targets using Targeted DamID, we place SOX9 at the centre of a transcriptional network, which amplifies WNT and RTK signalling to stabilise the progenitor cell state. In addition, the proof-of-principle CRISPRi screen and Targeted DamID tools establish a new workflow for using primary human organoids to elucidate detailed functional mechanisms underlying normal development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Sun
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of Physiology, Development and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Oriol Llora Batlle
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of Physiology, Development and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Jelle van den Ameele
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of Physiology, Development and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Present address:
Department of Clinical Neurosciences and MRC Mitochondrial Biology UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - John C Thomas
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Peng He
- Wellcome Sanger InstituteCambridgeUK
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryEuropean Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL‐EBI)CambridgeUK
| | - Kyungtae Lim
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of Physiology, Development and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Walfred Tang
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of Physiology, Development and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Chufan Xu
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Present address:
Department of Anaesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | | | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger InstituteCambridgeUK
- Department of Physics/Cavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - John C Marioni
- Wellcome Sanger InstituteCambridgeUK
- European Molecular Biology LaboratoryEuropean Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL‐EBI)CambridgeUK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Stephen P Jackson
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Andrea H Brand
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of Physiology, Development and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Emma L Rawlins
- Wellcome Trust/CRUK Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of Physiology, Development and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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17
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Xu X, Cui J, Wang H, Ma L, Zhang X, Guo W, Xue X, Wang Y, Qiu S, Tian X, Miao Y, Wu M, Yu Y, Xu Y, Wang J, Qiao Y. IGF2BP3 is an essential N6-methyladenosine biotarget for suppressing ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Mater Today Bio 2022; 17:100503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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18
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Pribluda A, Daemen A, Lima AN, Wang X, Hafner M, Poon C, Modrusan Z, Katakam AK, Foreman O, Eastham J, Hung J, Haley B, Garcia JT, Jackson EL, Junttila MR. EHMT2 methyltransferase governs cell identity in the lung and is required for KRAS G12D tumor development and propagation. eLife 2022; 11:57648. [PMID: 35983994 PMCID: PMC9439681 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung development, integrity and repair rely on precise Wnt signaling, which is corrupted in diverse diseases, including cancer. Here, we discover that EHMT2 methyltransferase regulates Wnt signaling in the lung by controlling the transcriptional activity of chromatin-bound β-catenin, through a non-histone substrate in mouse lung. Inhibition of EHMT2 induces transcriptional, morphologic, and molecular changes consistent with alveolar type 2 (AT2) lineage commitment. Mechanistically, EHMT2 activity functions to support regenerative properties of KrasG12D tumors and normal AT2 cells—the predominant cell of origin of this cancer. Consequently, EHMT2 inhibition prevents KrasG12D lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tumor formation and propagation and disrupts normal AT2 cell differentiation. Consistent with these findings, low gene EHMT2 expression in human LUAD correlates with enhanced AT2 gene expression and improved prognosis. These data reveal EHMT2 as a critical regulator of Wnt signaling, implicating Ehmt2 as a potential target in lung cancer and other AT2-mediated lung pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Pribluda
- Discovery Biology, Surrozen, South San Francisco, United States
| | - Anneleen Daemen
- Computational biology, Oric Pharma, South San Francisco, United States
| | - Anthony Nelson Lima
- Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, United States
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, United States
| | - Marc Hafner
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, United States
| | - Chungkee Poon
- Department of Immunology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, United States
| | - Zora Modrusan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, United States
| | | | - Oded Foreman
- Department of Pathology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, United States
| | - Jefferey Eastham
- Department of Pathology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, United States
| | - Jefferey Hung
- Department of Pathology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, United States
| | - Benjamin Haley
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, United States
| | - Julia T Garcia
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
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19
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da Silva-Oliveira RJ, Gomes INF, da Silva LS, Lengert AVH, Laus AC, Melendez ME, Munari CC, Cury FDP, Longato GB, Reis RM. Efficacy of Combined Use of Everolimus and Second-Generation Pan-EGRF Inhibitors in KRAS Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147774. [PMID: 35887120 PMCID: PMC9317664 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: EGFR mutations are present in approximately 15−50% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which are predictive of anti-EGFR therapies. At variance, NSCLC patients harboring KRAS mutations are resistant to those anti-EGFR approaches. Afatinib and allitinib are second-generation pan-EGFR drugs, yet no predictive biomarkers are known in the NSCLC context. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of pan-EGFR inhibitors in a panel of 15 lung cancer cell lines associated with the KRAS mutations phenotype. Methods: KRAS wild-type sensitive NCI-H292 cell line was further transfected with KRAS mutations (p.G12D and p.G12S). The pan-EGFR inhibitors’ activity and biologic effect of KRAS mutations were evaluated by cytotoxicity, MAPK phospho-protein array, colony formation, migration, invasion, and adhesion. In addition, in vivo chicken chorioallantoic membrane assay was performed in KRAS mutant cell lines. The gene expression profile was evaluated by NanoString. Lastly, everolimus and pan-EGFR combinations were performed to determine the combination index. Results: The GI50 score classified two cell lines treated with afatinib and seven treated with allitinib as high-sensitive phenotypes. All KRAS mutant cell lines demonstrated a resistant profile for both therapies (GI50 < 30%). The protein array of KRAS edited cells indicated a significant increase in AKT, CREB, HSP27, JNK, and, importantly, mTOR protein levels compared with KRAS wild-type cells. The colony formation, migration, invasion, adhesion, tumor perimeter, and mesenchymal phenotype were increased in the H292 KRAS mutated cells. Gene expression analysis showed 18 dysregulated genes associated with the focal adhesion-PI3K-Akt-mTOR-signaling correlated in KRAS mutant cell lines. Moreover, mTOR overexpression in KRAS mutant H292 cells was inhibited after everolimus exposure, and sensitivity to afatinib and allitinib was restored. Conclusions: Our results indicate that allitinib was more effective than afatinib in NSCLC cell lines. KRAS mutations increased aggressive behavior through upregulation of the focal adhesion-PI3K-Akt-mTOR-signaling in NSCLC cells. Significantly, everolimus restored sensibility and improved cytotoxicity of EGFR inhibitors in the KRAS mutant NSCLC cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato José da Silva-Oliveira
- Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, Brazil; (I.N.F.G.); (L.S.d.S.); (A.v.H.L.); (A.C.L.); (M.E.M.); (C.C.M.); (F.d.P.C.); (G.B.L.)
- Correspondence: (R.J.d.S.-O.); (R.M.R.)
| | - Izabela Natalia Faria Gomes
- Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, Brazil; (I.N.F.G.); (L.S.d.S.); (A.v.H.L.); (A.C.L.); (M.E.M.); (C.C.M.); (F.d.P.C.); (G.B.L.)
| | - Luciane Sussuchi da Silva
- Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, Brazil; (I.N.F.G.); (L.S.d.S.); (A.v.H.L.); (A.C.L.); (M.E.M.); (C.C.M.); (F.d.P.C.); (G.B.L.)
| | - André van Helvoort Lengert
- Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, Brazil; (I.N.F.G.); (L.S.d.S.); (A.v.H.L.); (A.C.L.); (M.E.M.); (C.C.M.); (F.d.P.C.); (G.B.L.)
| | - Ana Carolina Laus
- Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, Brazil; (I.N.F.G.); (L.S.d.S.); (A.v.H.L.); (A.C.L.); (M.E.M.); (C.C.M.); (F.d.P.C.); (G.B.L.)
| | - Matias Eliseo Melendez
- Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, Brazil; (I.N.F.G.); (L.S.d.S.); (A.v.H.L.); (A.C.L.); (M.E.M.); (C.C.M.); (F.d.P.C.); (G.B.L.)
| | - Carla Carolina Munari
- Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, Brazil; (I.N.F.G.); (L.S.d.S.); (A.v.H.L.); (A.C.L.); (M.E.M.); (C.C.M.); (F.d.P.C.); (G.B.L.)
| | - Fernanda de Paula Cury
- Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, Brazil; (I.N.F.G.); (L.S.d.S.); (A.v.H.L.); (A.C.L.); (M.E.M.); (C.C.M.); (F.d.P.C.); (G.B.L.)
| | - Giovanna Barbarini Longato
- Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, Brazil; (I.N.F.G.); (L.S.d.S.); (A.v.H.L.); (A.C.L.); (M.E.M.); (C.C.M.); (F.d.P.C.); (G.B.L.)
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, Brazil; (I.N.F.G.); (L.S.d.S.); (A.v.H.L.); (A.C.L.); (M.E.M.); (C.C.M.); (F.d.P.C.); (G.B.L.)
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) Medical School, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence: (R.J.d.S.-O.); (R.M.R.)
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20
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Sompel K, Dwyer-Nield LD, Smith AJ, Elango A, Backos DS, Zhang B, Gross J, Ternyak K, Matsuda JL, Kopf K, Keith RL, Tennis MA. Iloprost requires the Frizzled-9 receptor to prevent lung cancer. iScience 2022; 25:104442. [PMID: 35707728 PMCID: PMC9189122 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevention of premalignant lesion progression is a promising approach to reducing lung cancer burden in high-risk populations. Substantial preclinical and clinical evidence has demonstrated efficacy of the prostacyclin analogue iloprost for lung cancer chemoprevention. Iloprost activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) to initiate chemopreventive signaling and in vitro, which requires the transmembrane receptor Frizzled9 (FZD9). We hypothesized a Fzd 9 -/- mouse would not be protected by iloprost in a lung cancer model. Fzd 9 -/- mice were treated with inhaled iloprost in a urethane model of lung adenoma. We found that Fzd 9 -/- mice treated with iloprost were not protected from adenoma development compared to wild-type mice nor did they demonstrate increased activation of iloprost signaling pathways. Our results established that iloprost requires FZD9 in vivo for lung cancer chemoprevention. This work represents a critical advancement in defining iloprost's chemopreventive mechanisms and identifies a potential response marker for future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Sompel
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lori D. Dwyer-Nield
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alex J. Smith
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alamelu Elango
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Don S. Backos
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Robert L. Keith
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Meredith A. Tennis
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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21
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Martín-Medina A, Cerón-Pisa N, Martinez-Font E, Shafiek H, Obrador-Hevia A, Sauleda J, Iglesias A. TLR/WNT: A Novel Relationship in Immunomodulation of Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6539. [PMID: 35742983 PMCID: PMC9224119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The most frequent cause of death by cancer worldwide is lung cancer, and the 5-year survival rate is still very poor for patients with advanced stage. Understanding the crosstalk between the signaling pathways that are involved in disease, especially in metastasis, is crucial to developing new targeted therapies. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are master regulators of the immune responses, and their dysregulation in lung cancer is linked to immune escape and promotes tumor malignancy by facilitating angiogenesis and proliferation. On the other hand, over-activation of the WNT signaling pathway has been reported in lung cancer and is also associated with tumor metastasis via induction of Epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT)-like processes. An interaction between both TLRs and the WNT pathway was discovered recently as it was found that the TLR pathway can be activated by WNT ligands in the tumor microenvironment; however, the implications of such interactions in the context of lung cancer have not been discussed yet. Here, we offer an overview of the interaction of TLR-WNT in the lung and its potential implications and role in the oncogenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Martín-Medina
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Noemi Cerón-Pisa
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Esther Martinez-Font
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Hanaa Shafiek
- Chest Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Antònia Obrador-Hevia
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- Molecular Diagnosis Unit, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Jaume Sauleda
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, 07120 Palma, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amanda Iglesias
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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22
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HOPX: A Unique Homeodomain Protein in Development and Tumor Suppression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112764. [PMID: 35681746 PMCID: PMC9179269 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Homeobox (HOX) genes encode homeodomain proteins that regulate a wide range of molecular pathways. The homeodomain is highly conserved and binds to DNA. One exception is homeodomain-only protein (HOPX) that lacks DNA-binding capacity. HOPX plays a crucial role in development and its functional impairment is associated with a variety of diseases, including cancer. Loss of HOPX function occurs in a wide range of cancer types, where it functions as a tumor suppressor gene. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which HOPX regulates carcinogenesis will likely lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches. Abstract Homeobox genes are master regulators of morphogenesis and differentiation by acting at the top of genetic hierarchies and their deregulation is associated with a variety of human diseases. They usually contain a highly conserved sequence that codes for the homeodomain of the protein, a specialized motif with three α helices and an N-terminal arm that aids in DNA binding. However, one homeodomain protein, HOPX, is unique among its family members in that it lacks the capacity to bind DNA and instead functions by interacting with transcriptional regulators. HOPX plays crucial roles in organogenesis and is expressed in both embryonic and adult stem cells. Loss of HOPX expression is common in cancer, where it functions primarily as a tumor suppressor gene. In this review, we describe the function of HOPX in development and discuss its role in carcinogenesis.
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23
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Kucherlapati MH. Co-expression patterns explain how a basic transcriptional role for MYC modulates Wnt and MAPK pathways in colon and lung adenocarcinomas. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:1619-1638. [PMID: 35438040 PMCID: PMC9291661 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2060454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A subset of proliferation genes that are associated with origin licensing, firing, and DNA synthesis has been compared to known drivers of colon (COAD) and lung (LUAD) adenocarcinomas using Spearman's rank correlation coefficients. The frequency with which APC, CTNNB1, KRAS, MYC, Braf, TP53, Rb1, EGFR, and cell cycle components have direct or indirect co-expression with the proliferation factors permits identification of their expression relative to the G1-S phase of the cell cycle. Here, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), a negative regulator of Wnt signaling known to function through MYC, indirectly co-expresses at the same frequency as proliferation genes in both COAD and LUAD, consistent with M phase expression. However, APC is indirectly co-expressed with MYC and is found mutated only in COAD. MYC is thought to function at the interface of transcription and replication, acting through the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, and increased or decreased expression of MYC can induce or repress tumorigenesis, respectively. These data suggest that transcription of APC during the M phase with low MYC co-expression contributes by an unknown mechanism to APC mutations and Wnt pathway deregulation in COAD and that upper and lower limits of MYC expression, enforced by the cell cycle, may influence cancer differentially. Other Wnt signaling components co-expressed in the low MYC context in COAD also have significantly higher mutation frequencies, supporting the hypothesis. Additionally, Braf is found here to have direct co-expression with multiple proliferation factors in non-EGFR activated LUAD, and EGFR-activated LUAD are completely deregulated with respect to E2F(s) 4/5/6 expression, potentially explaining the low proliferation rates seen in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Haas Kucherlapati
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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24
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Loss of TET reprograms Wnt signaling through impaired demethylation to promote lung cancer development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2107599119. [PMID: 35110400 PMCID: PMC8832965 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2107599119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have identified the tumor-suppressive function of TET enzymes in hematological cancers. Given the differential mutational incidence and lacking functional validation, how TET contributes to carcinogenesis in solid tumors remains largely undefined. Here, we report that TET mutations co-occur with KRAS mutations, and such co-occurrence predicts poor survival in human LUAD. Using genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs), we show that inactivation of TET cooperates with oncogenic KRAS to potentiate LUAD development, and that this effect is preferentially induced by augmented Wnt signaling as a consequence of impaired expression of Wnt-associated antagonists due to DNA hypermethylation. Our work reveals the tissue-specific and context-dependent roles of TET during carcinogenesis and implicates Wnt signaling as a therapeutic modality for TET-mutant lung tumors. Oncogenic imbalance of DNA methylation is well recognized in cancer development. The ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of dioxygenases, which facilitates DNA demethylation, is frequently dysregulated in cancers. How such dysregulation contributes to tumorigenesis remains poorly understood, especially in solid tumors which present infrequent mutational incidence of TET genes. Here, we identify loss-of-function mutations of TET in 7.4% of human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), which frequently co-occur with oncogenic KRAS mutations, and this co-occurrence is predictive of poor survival in LUAD patients. Using an autochthonous mouse model of KrasG12D-driven LUAD, we show that individual or combinational loss of Tet genes markedly promotes tumor development. In this Kras-mutant and Tet-deficient model, the premalignant lung epithelium undergoes neoplastic reprogramming of DNA methylation and transcription, with a particular impact on Wnt signaling. Among the Wnt-associated components that undergo reprogramming, multiple canonical Wnt antagonizing genes present impaired expression arising from elevated DNA methylation, triggering aberrant activation of Wnt signaling. These impairments can be largely reversed upon the restoration of TET activity. Correspondingly, genetic depletion of β-catenin, the transcriptional effector of Wnt signaling, substantially reverts the malignant progression of Tet-deficient LUAD. These findings reveal TET enzymes as critical epigenetic barriers against lung tumorigenesis and highlight the therapeutic vulnerability of TET-mutant lung cancer through targeting Wnt signaling.
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25
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Cai Y, Hu Y, Yu F, Tong W, Wang S, Sheng S, Zhu J. AHNAK suppresses ovarian cancer progression through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:23579-23587. [PMID: 34689136 PMCID: PMC8580348 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Globally, ovarian cancer is the 2nd most frequent cause of gynecologic-associated cancer fatalities among women. It has an unfavorable prognosis. There is a need to elucidate on the mechanisms involved in ovarian cancer progression and to identify novel cancer targets. We investigated and verified AHNAK contents in ovarian cancer tissues and corresponding healthy tissues. Then, we overexpressed AHNAK in vitro and in vivo to establish the roles of AHNAK in ovarian cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Finally, we evaluated the possible molecular mechanisms underlying. We established that AHNAK was downregulated in ovarian cancer. Elevated AHNAK contents in ovarian cancer cell lines remarkably repressed ovarian cancer cell growth, along with metastasis in vitro, as well as in vivo. Moreover, AHNAK suppressed the progress of ovarian cancer partly via dampening the Canonical Wnt cascade. Therefore, AHNAK may be a biomarker and treatment target for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Cai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Furong Yu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjuan Tong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Shufen Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Shunliang Sheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jiayu Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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26
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Parsons MJ, Tammela T, Dow LE. WNT as a Driver and Dependency in Cancer. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:2413-2429. [PMID: 34518209 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The WNT signaling pathway is a critical regulator of development and adult tissue homeostasis and becomes dysregulated in many cancer types. Although hyperactivation of WNT signaling is common, the type and frequency of genetic WNT pathway alterations can vary dramatically between different cancers, highlighting possible cancer-specific mechanisms for WNT-driven disease. In this review, we discuss how WNT pathway disruption contributes to tumorigenesis in different organs and how WNT affects the tumor cell and immune microenvironment. Finally, we describe recent and ongoing efforts to target oncogenic WNT signaling as a therapeutic strategy. SIGNIFICANCE: WNT signaling is a fundamental regulator of tissue homeostasis and oncogenic driver in many cancer types. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of WNT signaling in cancer, particularly the complexities of WNT activation in distinct cancer types, its role in immune evasion, and the challenge of targeting the WNT pathway as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie J Parsons
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Tuomas Tammela
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Lukas E Dow
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York. .,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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27
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Trejo-Solis C, Escamilla-Ramirez A, Jimenez-Farfan D, Castillo-Rodriguez RA, Flores-Najera A, Cruz-Salgado A. Crosstalk of the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in the Induction of Apoptosis on Cancer Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090871. [PMID: 34577571 PMCID: PMC8465904 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a major role in cell survival and proliferation, as well as in angiogenesis, migration, invasion, metastasis, and stem cell renewal in various cancer types. However, the modulation (either up- or downregulation) of this pathway can inhibit cell proliferation and apoptosis both through β-catenin-dependent and independent mechanisms, and by crosstalk with other signaling pathways in a wide range of malignant tumors. Existing studies have reported conflicting results, indicating that the Wnt signaling can have both oncogenic and tumor-suppressing roles, depending on the cellular context. This review summarizes the available information on the role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and its crosstalk with other signaling pathways in apoptosis induction in cancer cells and presents a modified dual-signal model for the function of β-catenin. Understanding the proapoptotic mechanisms induced by the Wnt/β-catenin pathway could open new therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Trejo-Solis
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico 14269, Mexico; (A.E.-R.); (A.C.-S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Angel Escamilla-Ramirez
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico 14269, Mexico; (A.E.-R.); (A.C.-S.)
| | - Dolores Jimenez-Farfan
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico;
| | | | - Athenea Flores-Najera
- Centro Médico Nacional 20 de Noviembre, Departamento de Cirugía General, Ciudad de Mexico 03229, Mexico;
| | - Arturo Cruz-Salgado
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico 14269, Mexico; (A.E.-R.); (A.C.-S.)
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28
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Li E, Ustiyan V, Wen B, Kalin GT, Whitsett JA, Kalin TV, Kalinichenko VV. Blastocyst complementation reveals that NKX2-1 establishes the proximal-peripheral boundary of the airway epithelium. Dev Dyn 2021; 250:1001-1020. [PMID: 33428297 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distinct boundaries between the proximal conducting airways and more peripheral-bronchial regions of the lung are established early in foregut embryogenesis, demarcated in part by the distribution of SOX family and NKX2-1 transcription factors along the cephalo-caudal axis of the lung. We used blastocyst complementation to identify the role of NKX2-1 in the formation of the proximal-peripheral boundary of the airways in mouse chimeric embryos. RESULTS While Nkx2-1-/- mouse embryos form primordial tracheal cysts, peripheral pulmonary structures are entirely lacking in Nkx2-1-/- mice. Complementation of Nkx2-1-/- embryos with NKX2-1-sufficient embryonic stem cells (ESCs) enabled the formation of all tissue components of the peripheral lung but did not enhance ESC colonization of the most proximal regions of the airways. In chimeric mice, a precise boundary was formed between NKX2-1-deficient basal cells co-expressing SOX2 and SOX9 in large airways and ESC-derived NKX2-1+ SOX9+ epithelial cells of smaller airways. NKX2-1-sufficient ESCs were able to selectively complement peripheral, rather than most proximal regions of the airways. ESC complementation did not prevent ectopic expression of SOX9 but restored β-catenin signaling in Nkx2-1-/- basal cells of large airways. CONCLUSIONS NKX2-1 and β-catenin function in an epithelial cell-autonomous manner to establish the proximal-peripheral boundary along developing airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enhong Li
- Center for Lung Regenerative Medicine, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Vladimir Ustiyan
- Center for Lung Regenerative Medicine, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Bingqiang Wen
- Center for Lung Regenerative Medicine, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Gregory T Kalin
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Whitsett
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Tanya V Kalin
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Vladimir V Kalinichenko
- Center for Lung Regenerative Medicine, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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29
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Aros CJ, Pantoja CJ, Gomperts BN. Wnt signaling in lung development, regeneration, and disease progression. Commun Biol 2021; 4:601. [PMID: 34017045 PMCID: PMC8138018 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02118-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The respiratory tract is a vital, intricate system for several important biological processes including mucociliary clearance, airway conductance, and gas exchange. The Wnt signaling pathway plays several crucial and indispensable roles across lung biology in multiple contexts. This review highlights the progress made in characterizing the role of Wnt signaling across several disciplines in lung biology, including development, homeostasis, regeneration following injury, in vitro directed differentiation efforts, and disease progression. We further note uncharted directions in the field that may illuminate important biology. The discoveries made collectively advance our understanding of Wnt signaling in lung biology and have the potential to inform therapeutic advancements for lung diseases. Cody Aros, Carla Pantoja, and Brigitte Gomperts review the key role of Wnt signaling in all aspects of lung development, repair, and disease progression. They provide an overview of recent research findings and highlight where research is needed to further elucidate mechanisms of action, with the aim of improving disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody J Aros
- UCLA Department of Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Medical Scientist Training Program, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, Mattel Children's Hospital UCLA, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carla J Pantoja
- UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, Mattel Children's Hospital UCLA, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brigitte N Gomperts
- UCLA Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, Mattel Children's Hospital UCLA, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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30
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Bai R, Yuan C, Sun W, Zhang J, Luo Y, Gao Y, Li Y, Gong Y, Xie C. NEK2 plays an active role in Tumorigenesis and Tumor Microenvironment in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:1995-2008. [PMID: 34131401 PMCID: PMC8193268 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.59019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal expression and dysfunction of Never-in-mitosis-A-related kinase 2 (NEK2) result in tumorigenesis. High levels of NEK2 are related to malignant progression, drug resistance, and poor prognosis. However, the relationship between NEK2 levels and the occurrence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the impacts of NEK2 on the oncogenesis of NSCLC and the tumor microenvironment. Downregulation of NEK2 inhibited A549 and H1299 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, blocking cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Loss of NEK2 inhibited the release of IL-10 from tumor cells, M2-like polarization of macrophages, angiogenesis, and vascular endothelial cell migration. Furthermore, NEK2 deficiency inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Taken together, NEK2 knockdown inhibited the occurrence and development of NSCLC, M2 polarization of macrophages, and angiogenesis. The abnormal expression of NEK2 might not only indicate tumor progression and patient prognosis but also serve as a potential molecular therapeutic target with great development prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Bai
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan, University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Cheng Yuan
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan, University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan, University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan, University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan, University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Yanping Gao
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan, University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Yangyi Li
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan, University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan, University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China.,Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan, University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumour Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China.,Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
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31
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Azbazdar Y, Karabicici M, Erdal E, Ozhan G. Regulation of Wnt Signaling Pathways at the Plasma Membrane and Their Misregulation in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:631623. [PMID: 33585487 PMCID: PMC7873896 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.631623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is one of the key signaling pathways that govern numerous physiological activities such as growth, differentiation and migration during development and homeostasis. As pathway misregulation has been extensively linked to pathological processes including malignant tumors, a thorough understanding of pathway regulation is essential for development of effective therapeutic approaches. A prominent feature of cancer cells is that they significantly differ from healthy cells with respect to their plasma membrane composition and lipid organization. Here, we review the key role of membrane composition and lipid order in activation of Wnt signaling pathway by tightly regulating formation and interactions of the Wnt-receptor complex. We also discuss in detail how plasma membrane components, in particular the ligands, (co)receptors and extracellular or membrane-bound modulators, of Wnt pathways are affected in lung, colorectal, liver and breast cancers that have been associated with abnormal activation of Wnt signaling. Wnt-receptor complex components and their modulators are frequently misexpressed in these cancers and this appears to correlate with metastasis and cancer progression. Thus, composition and organization of the plasma membrane can be exploited to develop new anticancer drugs that are targeted in a highly specific manner to the Wnt-receptor complex, rendering a more effective therapeutic outcome possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagmur Azbazdar
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, İzmir, Turkey.,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Karabicici
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, İzmir, Turkey.,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Esra Erdal
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, İzmir, Turkey.,Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Gunes Ozhan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, İzmir, Turkey.,Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
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32
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Chang YX, Lin YF, Chen CL, Huang MS, Hsiao M, Liang PH. Chaperonin-Containing TCP-1 Promotes Cancer Chemoresistance and Metastasis through the AKT-GSK3β-β-Catenin and XIAP-Survivin Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123865. [PMID: 33371405 PMCID: PMC7767469 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary CCT is a chaperonin that participates in folding intracellular proteins. We found that endogenously high expression of the subunit CCT-β is associated with a poorer chemotherapy response in clinical cancer patients. Using two cancer cell lines with higher CCT-β levels, a triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and a highly metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer cell line CL1-5, we demonstrated that upregulation of CCT-β expression correlated with chemoresistance and metastasis of these cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies allowed us to identify the AKT-GSK3β-β-catenin and XIAP-Survivin pathways promoted by CCT-β to account for the observations. The results provided by our studies are important for developing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for combating CCT-β-overexpressed cancers. Abstract Chaperonin-containing TCP-1 (CCT) is a chaperonin composed of eight subunits that participates in intracellular protein folding. Here, we showed that increased levels of subunits of CCT, particularly CCT-β, were significantly correlated with lower survival rates for cancer patients. Endogenously high expression of CCT-β was found in cancer cell lines, such as the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and the highly metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer cell line CL1-5. Knocking down CCT-β in these cancer cells led to decreased levels of anti-apoptotic proteins, such as XIAP, as well as inhibited phosphorylation of Ser473-AKT and GSK3, resulting in decrease of the nucleus-entering form of β-catenin; these changes reduced the chemoresistance and migration/invasion of the cells. Conversely, overexpression of CCT-β recovered the chemoresistance and cell migration/invasion by promoting the AKT-GSK3β-β-catenin and XIAP-Survivin pathways. Coimmunoprecipitation data revealed that the CCT complex might directly bind and stabilize XIAP and β-catenin. This study not only elucidates the roles of CCT in chemoresistance and metastasis, which are two major obstacles for current cancer therapy, but also provides a possible therapeutic strategy against cancers with overexpressed CCT-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Xun Chang
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Yuan-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Long Chen
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan;
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Huang Liang
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-3366-4069; Fax: +886-2-2363-5038
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Maharjan M, Tanvir RB, Chowdhury K, Duan W, Mondal AM. Computational identification of biomarker genes for lung cancer considering treatment and non-treatment studies. BMC Bioinformatics 2020; 21:218. [PMID: 33272232 PMCID: PMC7713218 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-020-3524-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the number one cancer killer in the world with more than 142,670 deaths estimated in the United States alone in the year 2019. Consequently, there is an overreaching need to identify the key biomarkers for lung cancer. The aim of this study is to computationally identify biomarker genes for lung cancer that can aid in its diagnosis and treatment. The gene expression profiles of two different types of studies, namely non-treatment and treatment, are considered for discovering biomarker genes. In non-treatment studies healthy samples are control and cancer samples are cases. Whereas, in treatment studies, controls are cancer cell lines without treatment and cases are cancer cell lines with treatment. RESULTS The Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) for lung cancer were isolated from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database using R software tool GEO2R. A total of 407 DEGs (254 upregulated and 153 downregulated) from non-treatment studies and 547 DEGs (133 upregulated and 414 downregulated) from treatment studies were isolated. Two Cytoscape apps, namely, CytoHubba and MCODE, were used for identifying biomarker genes from functional networks developed using DEG genes. This study discovered two distinct sets of biomarker genes - one from non-treatment studies and the other from treatment studies, each set containing 16 genes. Survival analysis results show that most non-treatment biomarker genes have prognostic capability by indicating low-expression groups have higher chance of survival compare to high-expression groups. Whereas, most treatment biomarkers have prognostic capability by indicating high-expression groups have higher chance of survival compare to low-expression groups. CONCLUSION A computational framework is developed to identify biomarker genes for lung cancer using gene expression profiles. Two different types of studies - non-treatment and treatment - are considered for experiment. Most of the biomarker genes from non-treatment studies are part of mitosis and play vital role in DNA repair and cell-cycle regulation. Whereas, most of the biomarker genes from treatment studies are associated to ubiquitination and cellular response to stress. This study discovered a list of biomarkers, which would help experimental scientists to design a lab experiment for further exploration of detail dynamics of lung cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Maharjan
- School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Raihanul Bari Tanvir
- School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kamal Chowdhury
- School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Claflin University, Orangeburg, SC, USA
| | - Wenrui Duan
- Department of Human & Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ananda Mohan Mondal
- School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
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34
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Harmston N, Lim JYS, Arqués O, Palmer HG, Petretto E, Virshup DM, Madan B. Widespread Repression of Gene Expression in Cancer by a Wnt/β-Catenin/MAPK Pathway. Cancer Res 2020; 81:464-475. [PMID: 33203702 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant Wnt signaling drives a number of cancers through regulation of diverse downstream pathways. Wnt/β-catenin signaling achieves this in part by increasing the expression of proto-oncogenes such as MYC and cyclins. However, global assessment of the Wnt-regulated transcriptome in vivo in genetically distinct cancers demonstrates that Wnt signaling suppresses the expression of as many genes as it activates. In this study, we examined the set of genes that are upregulated upon inhibition of Wnt signaling in Wnt-addicted pancreatic and colorectal cancer models. Decreasing Wnt signaling led to a marked increase in gene expression by activating ERK and JNK; these changes in gene expression could be mitigated in part by concurrent inhibition of MEK. These findings demonstrate that increased Wnt signaling in cancer represses MAPK activity, preventing RAS-mediated senescence while allowing cancer cells to proliferate. These results shift the paradigm from Wnt/β-catenin primarily as an activator of transcription to a more nuanced view where Wnt/β-catenin signaling drives both widespread gene repression and activation. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings show that Wnt/β-catenin signaling causes widespread gene repression via inhibition of MAPK signaling, thus fine tuning the RAS-MAPK pathway to optimize proliferation in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Harmston
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.,Science Division, Yale-NUS College, Singapore
| | - Jun Yi Stanley Lim
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Oriol Arqués
- Stem Cells and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Héctor G Palmer
- Stem Cells and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Center for Computational Biology and Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - David M Virshup
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore. .,Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Babita Madan
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
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35
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Therapy-Induced Evolution of Human Lung Cancer Revealed by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing. Cell 2020; 182:1232-1251.e22. [PMID: 32822576 PMCID: PMC7484178 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer mortality, exhibits heterogeneity that enables adaptability, limits therapeutic success, and remains incompletely understood. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of metastatic lung cancer was performed using 49 clinical biopsies obtained from 30 patients before and during targeted therapy. Over 20,000 cancer and tumor microenvironment (TME) single-cell profiles exposed a rich and dynamic tumor ecosystem. scRNA-seq of cancer cells illuminated targetable oncogenes beyond those detected clinically. Cancer cells surviving therapy as residual disease (RD) expressed an alveolar-regenerative cell signature suggesting a therapy-induced primitive cell-state transition, whereas those present at on-therapy progressive disease (PD) upregulated kynurenine, plasminogen, and gap-junction pathways. Active T-lymphocytes and decreased macrophages were present at RD and immunosuppressive cell states characterized PD. Biological features revealed by scRNA-seq were biomarkers of clinical outcomes in independent cohorts. This study highlights how therapy-induced adaptation of the multi-cellular ecosystem of metastatic cancer shapes clinical outcomes. scRNA-seq is feasible in metastatic human NSCLCs and reveals a rich tumor ecosystem Individual tumors and cancer cells exhibit substantial molecular diversity Cancer and tumor microenvironment cells exhibit marked therapy-induced plasticity scRNA-seq of metastatic NSCLCs unveils new opportunities to improve clinical outcomes
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36
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Wuputra K, Ku CC, Wu DC, Lin YC, Saito S, Yokoyama KK. Prevention of tumor risk associated with the reprogramming of human pluripotent stem cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:100. [PMID: 32493501 PMCID: PMC7268627 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01584-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human pluripotent embryonic stem cells have two special features: self-renewal and pluripotency. It is important to understand the properties of pluripotent stem cells and reprogrammed stem cells. One of the major problems is the risk of reprogrammed stem cells developing into tumors. To understand the process of differentiation through which stem cells develop into cancer cells, investigators have attempted to identify the key factors that generate tumors in humans. The most effective method for the prevention of tumorigenesis is the exclusion of cancer cells during cell reprogramming. The risk of cancer formation is dependent on mutations of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes during the conversion of stem cells to cancer cells and on the environmental effects of pluripotent stem cells. Dissecting the processes of epigenetic regulation and chromatin regulation may be helpful for achieving correct cell reprogramming without inducing tumor formation and for developing new drugs for cancer treatment. This review focuses on the risk of tumor formation by human pluripotent stem cells, and on the possible treatment options if it occurs. Potential new techniques that target epigenetic processes and chromatin regulation provide opportunities for human cancer modeling and clinical applications of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenly Wuputra
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., San-Ming District, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Ku
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., San-Ming District, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Deng-Chyang Wu
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chu Lin
- School of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Shigeo Saito
- Waseda University Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan. .,Saito Laboratory of Cell Technology Institute, Yaita, Tochigi, 329-1571, Japan.
| | - Kazunari K Yokoyama
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd., San-Ming District, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan. .,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan. .,Waseda University Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan.
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37
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Hung PS, Huang MH, Kuo YY, Yang JCH. The Inhibition of Wnt Restrain KRAS G12V-Driven Metastasis in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040837. [PMID: 32244355 PMCID: PMC7226522 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The KRAS mutations have been an obstacle to identify therapeutic targets in cancer treatment. In this work, we clarified the distinct metastasis pattern of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) induced by KRASG12V/KRASG12D mutations and inhibited the KRASG12V mediated metastasis by Wnt inhibitor. First, we found that KRASG12V induced more aggressive phenotype in vitro and in vivo experiments. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) results of H838 KRASG12V cells showed a significant negative correlation with RhoA-related signaling. Following this clue, we observed KRASG12D induced higher activation of RhoA and suppressed activation of Wnt/β-catenin in H838KRASG12D cells. The restored activation of Wnt/β-catenin in H838KRASG12D cells could be detected when expression with a dominant-negative mutant of RhoA or treatment with RhoA inhibitor. Furthermore, the Wnt inhibitor abolished the KRASG12V-induced migration. We elucidated the importance of the axis of RhoA/Wnt in regulatory NSCLC metastasis driven by KRAS mutations. Our data indicate that KRASG12V driven NSCLC metastasis is Wnt-dependent and the mechanisms of NSCLC metastasis induced by KRASG12V/KRASG12D is distinct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Shan Hung
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (P.-S.H.); (M.-H.H.)
| | - Ming-Hung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (P.-S.H.); (M.-H.H.)
| | - Yuan-Yeh Kuo
- Tai-Chen Cell Therapy Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - James Chih-Hsin Yang
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (P.-S.H.); (M.-H.H.)
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- National Taiwan University Cancer Center, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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38
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Ma Z, Chao F, Wang S, Song Z, Zhuo Z, Zhang J, Xu G, Chen G. CTHRC1 affects malignant tumor cell behavior and is regulated by miR-30e-5p in human prostate cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:418-424. [PMID: 32102754 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Collagen Triple Helix Repeat Containing 1 (CTHRC1) has been picked out as a cancer-related, secreted glycoprotein that possesses multifaceted functions such as wound repair, the formation of adipose tissue, hepatocytes fibrosis, and bone remodeling. This study aims to explore the biological function and the profound regulative mechanism of CTHRC1 in human prostate cancer (PCa). We found that CTHRC1 was upregulated in patients with PCa. The knockdown of CTHRC1 suppressed PCa cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and colony formation significantly. The expression of CTHRC1 was down-regulated and up-regulated by miR-30e-5p mimics and inhibitors, respectively, in PCa cells. The dual-luciferase reporter assay validated the binding of miR-30e-5p with CTHRC1 mRNA, indicating the regulation of CTHC1 by miR-30e-5p. In consequence, this study demonstrated that CTHRC1 acts as an oncogenic gene and targeting the miR-30e-5p-CTHRC1 axis may provide novel therapeutic treatment for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Ma
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Fan Chao
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Zhenyu Song
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhuo
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Jinguo Zhang
- Research Center for Clinical Research, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Guoxiong Xu
- Research Center for Clinical Research, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China.
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39
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Promchan K, Natarajan V. Leucine zipper transcription factor-like 1 binds adaptor protein complex-1 and 2 and participates in trafficking of transferrin receptor 1. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0226298. [PMID: 31895934 PMCID: PMC6939906 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
LZTFL1 participates in immune synapse formation, ciliogenesis, and the localization of ciliary proteins, and knockout of LZTFL1 induces abnormal distribution of heterotetrameric adaptor protein complex-1 (AP-1) in the Lztfl1-knockout mouse photoreceptor cells, suggesting that LZTFL1 is involved in intracellular transport. Here, we demonstrate that in vitro LZTFL1 directly binds to AP-1 and AP-2 and coimmunoprecipitates AP-1 and AP-2 from cell lysates. DxxFxxLxxxR motif of LZTFL1 is essential for these bindings, suggesting LZTFL1 has roles in AP-1 and AP-2-mediated protein trafficking. Since AP-1 and AP-2 are known to be involved in transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) trafficking, the effect of LZTFL1 on TfR1 recycling was analyzed. TfR1, AP-1 and LZTFL1 from cell lysates could be coimmunoprecipitated. However, pull-down results indicate there is no direct interaction between TfR1 and LZTFL1, suggesting that LZTFL1 interaction with TfR1 is indirect through AP-1. We report the colocalization of LZTFL1 and AP-1, AP-1 and TfR1 as well as LZTFL1 and TfR1 in the perinuclear region (PNR) and the cytoplasm, suggesting a potential complex between LZTFL1, AP-1 and TfR1. The results from the disruption of adaptin recruitment with brefeldin A treatment suggested ADP-ribosylation factor-dependent localization of LZFL1 and AP-1 in the PNR. Knockdown of AP-1 reduces the level of LZTFL1 in the PNR, suggesting that AP-1 plays a role in LZTFL1 trafficking. Knockout of LZTFL1 reduces the cell surface level and the rate of internalization of TfR1, leading to a decrease of transferrin uptake, efflux, and internalization. However, knockout of LZTFL1 did not affect the cell surface levels of epidermal growth factor receptor and cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor, indicating that LZTFL1 specifically regulates the cell surface level of TfR1. These data support a novel role of LZTFL1 in regulating the cell surface TfR1 level by interacting with AP-1 and AP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanyarat Promchan
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - Ven Natarajan
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States of America
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40
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He QJ, Wang P, Liu QQ, Wu QG, Li YF, Wang J, Lee SC. Secreted Wnt6 mediates diabetes-associated centrosome amplification via its receptor FZD4. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C48-C62. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00091.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We recently published that type 2 diabetes promotes cell centrosome amplification via upregulation of Rho-associated protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) and 14-3-3 protein-σ (14-3-3σ). This study further investigates the molecular mechanisms underlying diabetes-associated centrosome amplification. We found that treatment of cells with high glucose, insulin, and palmitic acid levels increased the intracellular and extracellular protein levels of Wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 6 (Wnt6) as well as the cellular level of β-catenin. The treatment also activated β-catenin and promoted its nuclear translocation. Treatment of cells with siRNA species for Wnt6, Frizzled-4 (FZD4), or β-catenin as well as introduction of antibodies against Wnt6 or FZD4 to the cell culture medium could all attenuate the treatment-triggered centrosome amplification. Moreover, we showed that secreted Wnt6-FZD4-β-catenin was the signaling pathway that was upstream of ROCK1 and 14-3-3σ. We found that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were also able to increase the cellular and extracellular levels of Wnt6, the cellular protein level of β-catenin, and centrosome amplification. Treatment of the cells with siRNA species for Wnt6 or FZD4 as well as introduction of antibodies against Wnt6 or FZD4 to the cell culture could all inhibit the AGEs-elicited centrosome amplification. In colon tissues from a diabetic mouse model, the protein levels of Wnt6 and 14-3-3σ were increased. In conclusion, our results showed that the pathophysiological factors in type 2 diabetes, including AGEs, were able to induce centrosome amplification. It is suggested that secreted Wnt6 binds to FZD4 to activate the canonical Wnt6 signaling pathway, which is upstream of ROCK1 and 14-3-3σ, and that this is the cell signaling pathway underlying diabetes-associated centrosome amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ju He
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Qin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Gui Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Fei Li
- Department of Oncology, First Clinical Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Shanxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shao Chin Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
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41
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Wang H, Lv Q, Xu Y, Cai Z, Zheng J, Cheng X, Dai Y, Jänne PA, Ambrogio C, Köhler J. An integrative pharmacogenomics analysis identifies therapeutic targets in KRAS-mutant lung cancer. EBioMedicine 2019; 49:106-117. [PMID: 31668570 PMCID: PMC6945285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background KRAS mutations are the most frequent oncogenic aberration in lung adenocarcinoma. KRAS mutant isoforms differentially shape tumour biology and influence drug responses. This heterogeneity challenges the development of effective therapies for patients with KRAS-driven non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods We developed an integrative pharmacogenomics analysis to identify potential drug targets to overcome MEK/ERK inhibitor resistance in lung cancer cell lines with KRAS(G12C) mutation (n = 12). We validated our predictive in silico results with in vitro models using gene knockdown, pharmacological target inhibition and reporter assays. Findings Our computational analysis identifies casein kinase 2A1 (CSNK2A1) as a mediator of MEK/ERK inhibitor resistance in KRAS(G12C) mutant lung cancer cells. CSNK2A1 knockdown reduces cell proliferation, inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signalling and increases the anti-proliferative effect of MEK inhibition selectively in KRAS(G12C) mutant lung cancer cells. The specific CK2-inhibitor silmitasertib phenocopies the CSNK2A1 knockdown effect and sensitizes KRAS(G12C) mutant cells to MEK inhibition. Interpretation Our study supports the importance of accurate patient stratification and rational drug combinations to gain benefit from MEK inhibition in patients with KRAS mutant NSCLC. We develop a genotype-based strategy that identifies CK2 as a promising co-target in KRAS(G12C) mutant NSCLC by using available pharmacogenomics gene expression datasets. This approach is applicable to other oncogene driven cancers. Fund This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Research and Development Program of China, the Lung Cancer Research Foundation and a Mildred-Scheel postdoctoral fellowship from the German Cancer Aid Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyun Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Qi Lv
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yue Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Zhaoqing Cai
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Jie Zheng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xiaojie Cheng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yao Dai
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, United States; Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
| | - Chiara Ambrogio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
| | - Jens Köhler
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
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42
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Skoulidis F, Heymach JV. Co-occurring genomic alterations in non-small-cell lung cancer biology and therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2019; 19:495-509. [PMID: 31406302 PMCID: PMC7043073 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-019-0179-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 539] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The impressive clinical activity of small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors for oncogene-addicted subgroups of non-small-cell lung cancer (for example, those driven by activating mutations in the gene encoding epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or rearrangements in the genes encoding the receptor tyrosine kinases anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), ROS proto-oncogene 1 (ROS1) and rearranged during transfection (RET)) has established an oncogene-centric molecular classification paradigm in this disease. However, recent studies have revealed considerable phenotypic diversity downstream of tumour-initiating oncogenes. Co-occurring genomic alterations, particularly in tumour suppressor genes such as TP53 and LKB1 (also known as STK11), have emerged as core determinants of the molecular and clinical heterogeneity of oncogene-driven lung cancer subgroups through their effects on both tumour cell-intrinsic and non-cell-autonomous cancer hallmarks. In this Review, we discuss the impact of co-mutations on the pathogenesis, biology, microenvironmental interactions and therapeutic vulnerabilities of non-small-cell lung cancer and assess the challenges and opportunities that co-mutations present for personalized anticancer therapy, as well as the expanding field of precision immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinandos Skoulidis
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic and Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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43
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Lanfredini S, Thapa A, O'Neill E. RAS in pancreatic cancer. Biochem Soc Trans 2019; 47:961-972. [PMID: 31341034 DOI: 10.1042/bst20170521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The pancreas is a gland composed mainly by endocrine and exocrine cells, giving rise to three main tumour types. Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour or PNET arise from the endocrine portion of the pancreas. On the contrary, pancreatic exocrine neoplasms include pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and acinar cell carcinoma. PDAC is the most common type of pancreatic cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. It has been shown that less than 3% of PDAC patients have an overall survival of up to 5 years in the U.K. This mainly arises since the majority of patients diagnosed with PDAC present with advanced unresectable disease, which is highly resistant to all forms of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Activating mutations of an isoform of the RAS protein, KRAS, are found in almost all PDAC cases and occur during early stages of malignant transformation. KRAS mutations play a critical role as they are involved in both initiating and maintaining PDAC development. The interaction of RAS with GDP/GTP along with its recruitment to the membrane affects transduction of its activating signals to downstream effectors. In this review, we aim to summarise different mutations of RAS and their prevalence in pancreatic cancer along with other RAS-induced tumours. In addition, we briefly discuss the genetically engineered mouse models that have been developed to study KRAS-mutated adenocarcinomas in the pancreas. These provide an opportunity to also address the importance of targeting RAS for better treatment response in PDAC patients along with the challenges incurred herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Lanfredini
- Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building Roosevelt Drive, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Asmita Thapa
- Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building Roosevelt Drive, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - Eric O'Neill
- Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building Roosevelt Drive, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.
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44
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van Veen JE, Scherzer M, Boshuizen J, Chu M, Liu A, Landman A, Green S, Trejo C, McMahon M. Mutationally-activated PI3'-kinase-α promotes de-differentiation of lung tumors initiated by the BRAF V600E oncoprotein kinase. eLife 2019; 8:e43668. [PMID: 31452510 PMCID: PMC6711745 DOI: 10.7554/elife.43668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human lung adenocarcinoma exhibits a propensity for de-differentiation, complicating diagnosis and treatment, and predicting poorer patient survival. In genetically engineered mouse models of lung cancer, expression of the BRAFV600E oncoprotein kinase initiates the growth of benign tumors retaining characteristics of their cell of origin, AT2 pneumocytes. Cooperating alterations that activate PI3'-lipid signaling promote progression of BRAFV600E-driven benign tumors to malignant adenocarcinoma. However, the mechanism(s) by which this cooperation occurs remains unclear. To address this, we generated mice carrying a conditional BrafCAT allele in which CRE-mediated recombination leads to co-expression of BRAFV600E and tdTomato. We demonstrate that co-expression of BRAFV600E and PIK3CAH1047R in AT2 pneumocytes leads to rapid cell de-differentiation, without decreased expression of the transcription factors NKX2-1, FOXA1, or FOXA2. Instead, we propose a novel role for PGC1α in maintaining AT2 pneumocyte identity. These findings provide insight into how these pathways may cooperate in the pathogenesis of human lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Edward van Veen
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Cellular & Molecular PharmacologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Michael Scherzer
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Julia Boshuizen
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Cellular & Molecular PharmacologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Mollee Chu
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Cellular & Molecular PharmacologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Annie Liu
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
| | - Allison Landman
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Department of Cellular & Molecular PharmacologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Shon Green
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Cellular & Molecular PharmacologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Christy Trejo
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Cellular & Molecular PharmacologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Martin McMahon
- Huntsman Cancer InstituteUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUnited States
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Cellular & Molecular PharmacologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
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45
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P120-catenin regulates pulmonary fibrosis and TGF-β induced lung fibroblast differentiation. Life Sci 2019; 230:35-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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46
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Wang H, Tan Z, Hu H, Liu H, Wu T, Zheng C, Wang X, Luo Z, Wang J, Liu S, Lu Z, Tu J. microRNA-21 promotes breast cancer proliferation and metastasis by targeting LZTFL1. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:738. [PMID: 31351450 PMCID: PMC6661096 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5951-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer type in female. As microRNAs play vital role in breast cancer, this study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism and clinical value of miR-21 in breast cancer. Methods qRT-PCR was performed to detect miR-21 levels in plasma of 127 healthy controls, 82 benign breast tumor, 252 breast cancer patients, as well as in breast cancer cell lines. Transwell and wound healing assay were used to analyze breast cancer metastasis in response to miR-21 inhibitor. Colony formation and eFluor™ 670 based flow cytometric analysis were used to test breast cancer proliferation following miR-21 inhibitor treatment. Leucine zipper transcription factor-like 1 (LZTFL1), the target gene of miR-21 was predicted by MIRDB, TargetScan 5.1, PicTar and miRanda. Survival analysis of LZTFL1 levels in breast cancer prognosis was estimated with the Kaplan–Meier method by log-rank test according to data from the Cancer Genome Atlas. Luciferase activity assay was performed to confirm the regulation of miR-21 on LZTFL1. LZTFL1 siRNA and miR-21 inhibitor were co-transfected to breast cancer cells, then cell proliferation, migration and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) makers were tested. BALB/c nude mice were injected in situ with Hs578T cells stably overexpressing miR-21. Breast tumor growth, metastasis and the expression of EMT markers or LZTFL1 were detected in vivo. Results Plasma miR-21 levels were elevated in breast cancer patients compared with healthy controls and benign breast tumor patients, and the miR-21 levels were significantly decreased after surgery comparing with pre operation in 44 patients. Inhibition of miR-21 suppressed cell proliferation and metastasis in breast cancer cells. LZTFL1 was identified as a novel target gene of miR-21. Knockdown of LZTFL1 overcame the suppression of miR-21 inhibitor on cell proliferation, metastasis and the expression of EMT markers in breast cancer cells. miR-21 overexpression promoted breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis in vivo. Conclusions These results indicate that plasma miR-21 level is a crucial biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis and targeting miR-21–LZTFL1–EMT axis might be a promising strategy in breast cancer therapy. Trial registration Retrospectively registered. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5951-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department and Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu road, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Zheqiong Tan
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Hongzhou Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Tangwei Wu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Xiuling Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Zhenzhao Luo
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Shuiyi Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China.,Cancer Research Institute of Wuhan, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Zhongxin Lu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China.,Cancer Research Institute of Wuhan, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Jiancheng Tu
- Department and Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu road, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China.
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47
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Wang L, Yang H, Zamperone A, Diolaiti D, Palmbos PL, Abel EV, Purohit V, Dolgalev I, Rhim AD, Ljungman M, Hadju CH, Halbrook CJ, Bar-Sagi D, di Magliano MP, Crawford HC, Simeone DM. ATDC is required for the initiation of KRAS-induced pancreatic tumorigenesis. Genes Dev 2019; 33:641-655. [PMID: 31048544 PMCID: PMC6546061 DOI: 10.1101/gad.323303.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDA) is an aggressive disease driven by oncogenic KRAS and characterized by late diagnosis and therapeutic resistance. Here we show that deletion of the ataxia-telangiectasia group D-complementing (Atdc) gene, whose human homolog is up-regulated in the majority of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, completely prevents PDA development in the context of oncogenic KRAS. ATDC is required for KRAS-driven acinar-ductal metaplasia (ADM) and its progression to pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). As a result, mice lacking ATDC are protected from developing PDA. Mechanistically, we show ATDC promotes ADM progression to PanIN through activation of β-catenin signaling and subsequent SOX9 up-regulation. These results provide new insight into PDA initiation and reveal ATDC as a potential target for preventing early tumor-initiating events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Wang
- Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Huibin Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Andrea Zamperone
- Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Daniel Diolaiti
- Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Phillip L Palmbos
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Ethan V Abel
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Vinee Purohit
- Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Igor Dolgalev
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Andrew D Rhim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Mats Ljungman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Christina H Hadju
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Christopher J Halbrook
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Dafna Bar-Sagi
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Marina Pasca di Magliano
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Howard C Crawford
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Diane M Simeone
- Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
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48
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Chen YZ, Sun DQ, Zheng Y, Zheng GK, Chen RQ, Lin M, Huang LF, Huang C, Song D, Wu BQ. WISP1 silencing confers protection against epithelial-mesenchymal transition of renal tubular epithelial cells in rats via inactivation of the wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in uremia. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:9673-9686. [PMID: 30556898 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Uremia can affect hepatic metabolism of drugs by regulating the clearance of drugs, but it has not been clarified whether gene silencing could modulate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in uremia. Hence, we investigated the effect of WISP1 gene silencing on the renal tubular EMT in uremia through the wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Initially, microarray-based gene expression profiling of uremia was used to identify differentially expressed genes. Following the establishment of uremia rat model, serum creatinine, and urea nitrogen of rats were detected. Renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) were transfected with shRNA-WISP1 lentivirus interference vectors and LiCI (the wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activator) to explore the regulatory mechanism of WISP1 in uremia in relation to the wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Then, expression of WISP1, wnt2b, E-cadherin, α-SMA, c-myc, Cyclin D1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 was determined. Furthermore, TEC migration and invasion were evaluated. Results suggested that WISP1 and the wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were associated with uremia. Uremic rats exhibited increased serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels, upregulated WISPl, and activated wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Subsequently, WISP1 silencing decreased wnt2b, c-myc, Cyclin D1, α-SMA, MMP-2, and MMP-9 expression but increased E-cadherin expression, whereas LiCI treatment exhibited the opposite trends. In addition, WISP1 silencing suppressed TEC migration and invasion, whereas LiCI treatment promoted TEC migration and invasion. The findings indicate that WISP1 gene silencing suppresses the activation of the wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thus reducing EMT of renal TECs in uremic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Zhen Chen
- Department of Nephrology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dan-Qin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Central Laboratory, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Central Laboratory, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Kuai Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rong-Quan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mei Lin
- Department of Nephrology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lian-Fang Huang
- Department of Nephrology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Department of Nephrology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dan Song
- Department of Nephrology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ben-Qing Wu
- Children's Medical Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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49
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Hirata E, Ichikawa T, Horike SI, Kiyokawa E. Active K-RAS induces the coherent rotation of epithelial cells: A model for collective cell invasion in vitro. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:4045-4055. [PMID: 30281889 PMCID: PMC6272113 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
At the invasive front of adenocarcinomas, single cells and multicellular structures exist; the latter include glands and cell clusters, such as tumor buddings and poorly differentiated clusters. Recent reports suggest the importance of collective cell migration in metastasis; however, it is technically difficult to observe the movement of multicellular structures in vivo. We utilized MDCK cells as a model for epithelial cells and established a method to quantify their motility in 3D structures in vitro. A single MDCK cell grows as a cell cluster in the gel and later proliferates and forms a cyst. Active K-RAS expression induced rotation of both the cell clusters and the cysts. The rotation speed of cell clusters was 4 times higher than that of cysts. The screening of inhibitors for their effects on cell clusters and cysts revealed that cyclin B1 and β-catenin were the key molecules for their rotation, respectively. Regulators for cyst rotation, such as vorinostat and β-catenin, were not effective for inducing cell cluster rotation. These results indicate that the signaling pathways of cell dynamics are different between cell clusters and cysts. As cell clusters are related to lymph node involvement and the prognosis of various carcinomas, our in vitro quantitative system may be useful for the screening of drugs to prevent lymphatic invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eishu Hirata
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan.,Division of Tumor Cell Biology and Bioimaging, Cancer Research Institute of Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takehiko Ichikawa
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Horike
- Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Etsuko Kiyokawa
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
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50
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Tan P, Ye Y, He L, Xie J, Jing J, Ma G, Pan H, Han L, Han W, Zhou Y. TRIM59 promotes breast cancer motility by suppressing p62-selective autophagic degradation of PDCD10. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e3000051. [PMID: 30408026 PMCID: PMC6245796 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells adopt various modes of migration during metastasis. How the ubiquitination machinery contributes to cancer cell motility remains underexplored. Here, we report that tripartite motif (TRIM) 59 is frequently up-regulated in metastatic breast cancer, which is correlated with advanced clinical stages and reduced survival among breast cancer patients. TRIM59 knockdown (KD) promoted apoptosis and inhibited tumor growth, while TRIM59 overexpression led to the opposite effects. Importantly, we uncovered TRIM59 as a key regulator of cell contractility and adhesion to control the plasticity of metastatic tumor cells. At the molecular level, we identified programmed cell death protein 10 (PDCD10) as a target of TRIM59. TRIM59 stabilized PDCD10 by suppressing RING finger and transmembrane domain-containing protein 1 (RNFT1)-induced lysine 63 (K63) ubiquitination and subsequent phosphotyrosine-independent ligand for the Lck SH2 domain of 62 kDa (p62)-selective autophagic degradation. TRIM59 promoted PDCD10-mediated suppression of Ras homolog family member A (RhoA)-Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) 1 signaling to control the transition between amoeboid and mesenchymal invasiveness. PDCD10 overexpression or administration of a ROCK inhibitor reversed TRIM59 loss-induced contractile phenotypes, thereby accelerating cell migration, invasion, and tumor formation. These findings establish the rationale for targeting deregulated TRIM59/PDCD10 to treat breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Youqiong Ye
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lian He
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jiansheng Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology and Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji Jing
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Guolin Ma
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leng Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Medical Oncology and Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yubin Zhou
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Temple, Texas, United States of America
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