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Shen L, Liu J, Hu F, Fang Y, Wu Y, Zhao W, Ma S. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals aberrant sphingolipid metabolism in non-small cell lung cancer impacts tumor-associated macrophages and stimulates angiogenesis via macrophage inhibitory factor signaling. Thorac Cancer 2024; 15:1164-1175. [PMID: 38587042 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sphingolipids not only serve as structural components for maintaining cell membrane fluidity but also function as bioactive molecules involved in cell signaling and the regulation of various biological processes. Their pivotal role in cancer cell development, encompassing cancer cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and metastasis, has been a focal point for decades. However, the contribution of sphingolipids to the complexity of tumor microenvironment promoting cancer progression has been rarely investigated. METHODS Through the integration of publicly available bulk RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq data, we conducted a comprehensive analysis to compare the transcriptomic features between tumors and adjacent normal tissues, thus elucidating the intricacies of the tumor microenvironment (TME). RESULTS Disparities in sphingolipid metabolism (SLM)-associated genes were observed between normal and cancerous tissues, with the TME characterized by the enrichment of sphingolipid signaling in macrophages. Cellular interaction analysis revealed robust communication between macrophages and cancer cells exhibiting low SLM, identifying the crucial ligand-receptor pair, macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF)-CD74. Pseudo-time analysis unveiled the involvement of SLM in modulating macrophage polarization towards either M1 or M2 phenotypes. Categorizing macrophages into six subclusters based on gene expression patterns and function, the SPP1+ cluster, RGS1+ cluster, and CXCL10+ cluster were likely implicated in sphingolipid-induced M2 macrophage polarization. Additionally, the CXCL10+, AGER+, and FABP4+ clusters were likely to be involved in angiogenesis through their interaction with endothelial cells. CONCLUSION Based on multiple scRNA-seq datasets, we propose that a MIF-targeted strategy could potentially impede the polarization from M1 to M2 and impair tumor angiogenesis in low-SLM non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), demonstrating its potent antitumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jingtao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Fengling Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yaya Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Shaohua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Beijing, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
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Jung JH, Yang DQ, Song H, Wang X, Wu X, Kim KP, Pandey A, Byeon SK. Characterization of Lipid Alterations by Oncogenic PIK3CA Mutations Using Untargeted Lipidomics in Breast Cancer. OMICS : A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2023; 27:327-335. [PMID: 37463468 PMCID: PMC10366275 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2023.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Lipids play crucial biological roles in health and disease, including in cancers. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway is a pivotal promoter of cell growth and proliferation in various types of cancer. The somatic mutations in PIK3CA, the gene coding for the catalytic subunit p110α of PI3K, are frequently present in cancer cells, including breast cancer. Although the most prominent mutants, represented by single amino acid substitutions in the helical domain in exon 9 (E545K) and the kinase domain in exon 20 (H1047R) are known to cause a gain of PI3K function, activate AKT signaling and induce oncogenic transformation, the effect of these mutations on cellular lipid profiles has not been studied. We carried out untargeted lipidomics using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to detect the lipid alterations in mammary gland epithelial MCF10A cells with isogenic knockin of these mutations. A total of 536 species of lipids were analyzed. We found that the levels of monosialogangliosides, signaling molecules known to enhance cell motility through PI3K/AKT pathway, were significantly higher in both mutants. In addition, triglycerides and ceramides, lipid molecules known to be involved in promoting lipid droplet production, cancer cell migration and invasion, were increased, whereas lysophosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylcholines that are known to inhibit cancer cell motility were decreased in both mutants. Our results provide novel insights into a potential link between altered lipid profile and carcinogenesis caused by the PIK3CA hotspot mutations. In addition, we suggest untargeted lipidomics offers prospects for precision/personalized medicine by unpacking new molecular substrates of cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hun Jung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Da-Qing Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hongming Song
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xinyan Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Seul Kee Byeon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Xu Y, Pan J, Lin Y, Wu Y, Chen Y, Li H. Ceramide Synthase 1 Inhibits Brain Metastasis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Interacting with USP14 and Downregulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15071994. [PMID: 37046655 PMCID: PMC10093008 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastasis (BM) is common in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is associated with a poor prognosis. Ceramide synthase 1 (CERS1) participates in malignancy development, but its potential role in NSCLC BM remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the physiological effects and molecular mechanism of CERS1 in NSCLC BM. CERS1 expression was evaluated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines, and its physiological roles were subsequently explored in vivo and in vitro. Mass spectrometry and co-immunoprecipitation were performed to explore CERS1-interacting proteins. The associated signaling pathways of CERS1 in NSCLC BM were further investigated using bioinformatics analysis and molecular biotechnology. We demonstrated that CERS1 was significantly downregulated in NSCLC cell lines and BM tissues, and its upregulation was associated with better prognoses. In vitro, CERS1 overexpression inhibited cell migration, invasion, and the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Moreover, CERS1 interacted with ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (USP14) and inhibited BM progression by downregulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Further, CERS1 expression substantially suppressed BM tumor formation in vivo. This study demonstrated that CERS1 plays a suppressor role in NSCLC BM by interacting with USP14 and downregulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby serving as a novel therapeutic target for NSCLC BM.
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Momchilova A, Nikolaev G, Pankov S, Vassileva E, Krastev N, Robev B, Krastev D, Pinkas A, Pankov R. Effect of Quercetin and Fingolimod, Alone or in Combination, on the Sphingolipid Metabolism in HepG2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213916. [PMID: 36430423 PMCID: PMC9697772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Combinations of anti-cancer drugs can overcome resistance to therapy and provide new more effective treatments. In this work we have analyzed the effect of the polyphenol quercetin and the anti-cancer sphingosine analog fingolimod on the sphingolipid metabolism in HepG2 cells, since sphingolipids are recognized as mediators of cell proliferation and apoptosis in cancer cells. Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells with quercetin and fingolimod, alone or in combination, induced different degrees of sphingomyelin (SM) reduction and a corresponding activation of neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase). Western blot analysis showed that only treatments containing quercetin induced up-regulation of nSMase expression. The same treatment caused elevation of ceramide (CER) levels, whereas the observed alterations in sphingosine (SPH) content were not statistically significant. The two tested drugs induced a reduction of the pro-proliferative sphingolipid, sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P), in the following order: quercetin, fingolimod, quercetin + fingolimod. The activity of the enzyme responsible for CER hydrolysis, alkaline ceramidase (ALCER) was down-regulated only in the incubations involving quercetin and fingolimod did not affect this activity. The enzyme, maintaining the balance between apoptosis and proliferation, sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1), was down-regulated by incubations in the following order: quercetin, fingolimod, quercetin + fingolimod. Western blot analysis showed down-regulation in SK1 expression upon quercetin but not upon fingolimod treatment. Studies on the effect of quercetin and fingolimod on the two proteins associated with apoptotic events, AKT and Bcl-2, showed that only quercetin, alone or in combination, down-regulated the activity of the two proteins. The reported observations provide information which can be useful in the search of novel anti-tumor approaches, aiming at optimization of the therapeutic effect and maximal preservation of healthy tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albena Momchilova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +359-2-9792686 or +359-898-238971
| | - Georgi Nikolaev
- Biological Faculty, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridki”, 8 Dragan Tzankov Str., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Stefan Pankov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Evgenia Vassileva
- Clinic of Neurology, Tsaritsa Yoanna University Hospital-ISUL, 1527 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nikolai Krastev
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University-Sofia, Blvd. Sv. Georgi Sofiisky 1, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bozhil Robev
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Multi-Profile Hospital for Active Treatment (UMHAT) “St. Ivan Rilski”, 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dimo Krastev
- Medical College “Y. Filaretova”, Medical University-Sofia, Yordanka Filaretova Str. 3, 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Adriana Pinkas
- CSTEP, Office of Continuing Education, Suffolk County Community College 30 Greene Ave., Sayville, NY 11782, USA
| | - Roumen Pankov
- Biological Faculty, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridki”, 8 Dragan Tzankov Str., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
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5
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Momchilova A, Pankov R, Staneva G, Pankov S, Krastev P, Vassileva E, Hazarosova R, Krastev N, Robev B, Nikolova B, Pinkas A. Resveratrol Affects Sphingolipid Metabolism in A549 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810870. [PMID: 36142801 PMCID: PMC9505893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenol which has various beneficial effects, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-aging, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects, among others. The anti-cancer activity of resveratrol has been related to alterations in sphingolipid metabolism. We analyzed the effect of resveratrol on the enzymes responsible for accumulation of the two sphingolipids with highest functional activity—apoptosis promoting ceramide (CER) and proliferation-stimulating sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)—in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Resveratrol treatment induced an increase in CER and sphingosine (SPH) and a decrease in sphingomyelin (SM) and S1P. Our results showed that the most common mode of CER accumulation, through sphingomyelinase-induced hydrolysis of SM, was not responsible for a CER increase despite the reduction in SM in A549 plasma membranes. However, both the activity and the expression of CER synthase 6 were upregulated in resveratrol-treated cells, implying that CER was accumulated as a result of stimulated de novo synthesis. Furthermore, the enzyme responsible for CER hydrolysis, alkaline ceramidase, was not altered, suggesting that it was not related to changes in the CER level. The enzyme maintaining the balance between apoptosis and proliferation, sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1), was downregulated, and its expression was reduced, resulting in a decrease in S1P levels in resveratrol-treated lung adenocarcinoma cells. In addition, incubation of resveratrol-treated A549 cells with the SK1 inhibitors DMS and fingolimod additionally downregulated SK1 without affecting its expression. The present studies provide information concerning the biochemical processes underlying the influence of resveratrol on sphingolipid metabolism in A549 lung cancer cells and reveal possibilities for combined use of polyphenols with specific anti-proliferative agents that could serve as the basis for the development of complex therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albena Momchilova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+359-2-9792686 or +359-898-238971
| | - Roumen Pankov
- Biological Faculty, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridki”, 8, Dragan Tzankov Str., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Galya Staneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Stefan Pankov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Plamen Krastev
- Cardiology Clinic, University Hospital “St. Ekaterina”, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Evgenia Vassileva
- Clinic of Neurology, Tsaritsa Yoanna University Hospital-ISUL, 1527 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rusina Hazarosova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nikolai Krastev
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University—Sofia, Blvd. Sv. Georgi Sofiisky 1, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Medical Center Relax, 8 Ami Bue Str., 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bozhil Robev
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Multi-Profile Hospital for Active Treatment (UMHAT) “St. Ivan Rilski”, 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Biliana Nikolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Adriana Pinkas
- CSTEP, Office of Continuing Education, Suffolk County Community College 30 Greene Ave., Sayville, NY 11782, USA
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6
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Lee WK, Maaß M, Quach A, Poscic N, Prangley H, Pallott EC, Kim JL, Pierce JS, Ogretmen B, Futerman AH, Thévenod F. Dependence of ABCB1 transporter expression and function on distinct sphingolipids generated by ceramide synthases-2 and -6 in chemoresistant renal cancer. J Biol Chem 2021; 298:101492. [PMID: 34915026 PMCID: PMC8804196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic multidrug resistance is commonly intrinsic to renal cancer based on the physiological expression of detoxification transporters, particularly ABCB1, thus hampering chemotherapy. ABCB1 activity is directly dependent on its lipid microenvironment, localizing to cholesterol- and sphingomyelin (SM)-rich domains. As ceramides are the sole source for SMs, we hypothesized that ceramide synthase (CerS)-derived ceramides regulate ABCB1 activity. Using data from RNA-Seq databases, we found that patient kidney tumors exhibited increased CerS2 mRNA, which was inversely correlated with CerS6 mRNA in ABCB1+ clear cell carcinomas. Endogenous elevated CerS2 and lower CerS5/6 mRNA and protein resulted in disproportionately higher CerS2 to CerS5/6 activities (approximately twofold) in chemoresistant ABCB1high (A498, Caki-1) compared with chemosensitive ABCB1low (ACHN, normal human proximal convoluted tubule cell) cells. In addition, lipidomics analyses by HPLC–MS/MS showed bias toward CerS2-associated C20:0/C20:1-ceramides compared with CerS5/6-associated C14:0/C16:0-ceramides (2:1). SMs were similarly altered. We demonstrated that chemoresistance to doxorubicin in ABCB1high cells was partially reversed by inhibitors of de novo ceramide synthesis (l-cycloserine) and CerS (fumonisin B1) in cell viability assays. Downregulation of CerS2/6, but not CerS5, attenuated ABCB1 mRNA, protein, plasma membrane localization, rhodamine 123+ efflux transport activity, and doxorubicin resistance. Similar findings were observed with catalytically inactive CerS6-H212A. Furthermore, CerS6-targeting siRNA shifted ceramide and SM composition to ultra long-chain species (C22–C26). Inhibitors of endoplasmic reticulum–associated degradation (eeyarestatin I) and the proteasome (MG132, bortezomib) prevented ABCB1 loss induced by CerS2/6 downregulation. We conclude that a critical balance in ceramide/SM species is prerequisite to ABCB1 expression and functionalization, which could be targeted to reverse multidrug resistance in renal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Kee Lee
- Institute for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology, ZBAF, Witten/Herdecke University, Germany; Physiology & Pathophysiology of Cells and Membranes, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Germany.
| | - Michelle Maaß
- Institute for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology, ZBAF, Witten/Herdecke University, Germany
| | - Amy Quach
- Institute for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology, ZBAF, Witten/Herdecke University, Germany; Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Nataliya Poscic
- Institute for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology, ZBAF, Witten/Herdecke University, Germany
| | - Holly Prangley
- Institute for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology, ZBAF, Witten/Herdecke University, Germany; Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Erin-Claire Pallott
- Institute for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology, ZBAF, Witten/Herdecke University, Germany; Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Jiyoon L Kim
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel
| | - Jason S Pierce
- Lipidomics Shared Resource, Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | - Besim Ogretmen
- Lipidomics Shared Resource, Medical University of South Carolina, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel
| | - Frank Thévenod
- Institute for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Toxicology, ZBAF, Witten/Herdecke University, Germany
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7
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Zhang P, Shao Y, Quan F, Liu L, Yang J. FBP1 enhances the radiosensitivity by suppressing glycolysis via the FBXW7/mTOR axis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Life Sci 2021; 283:119840. [PMID: 34298040 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The high glycolysis state of tumor cells is closely related to radioresistance. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP1) can regulate aerobic glycolysis and exerts tumor suppressor effects in many cancers, but its role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains to be investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS RT-qPCR was used to measure FBP1 mRNA level. Glucose consumption, lactic acid production and ATP level was determined to evaluate glycolysis. The sensitivity of NPC cells to radiation was analyzed by MTT assay. Apoptosis was performed using flow cytometry. Gain- and loss-of function assays were carried out to explore the specific role of FBP1 and FBXW7 (F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7) in NPC cell functions. The interactions between FBXW7 and FBP1 or mTOR were validated with co-immunoprecipitation assay. The in vivo experiments with xenografts were used to evaluate the role of FBP1 in tumor growth. KEY FINDINGS FBP1 expression was lower in NPC tissues and cells than in normal controls and nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. Human recombinant FBP1 (rh-FBP1) treatment suppressed glycolysis in NPC cells. Besides, silencing FBP1 weakened the radiosensitivity and alleviated radiation-induced apoptosis and DNA damage by promoting glycolysis. Mechanism exploration found that FBP1 promoted FBXW7 protein level through suppressing the autoubiquitination of FBXW7. Then, FBXW7 restrained mTOR level by facilitating mTOR ubiquitination, thereby suppressing glycolysis and promoting radiation-induced apoptosis and DNA damage. Furthermore, overexpressing FBP1 in vivo hindered tumor growth and enhanced the antitumor activity of radiation. SIGNIFICANCE FBP1 promoted the radiosensitivity in NPC cells by inhibiting glycolysis through the FBXW7/mTOR axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yuan Shao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Fang Quan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Lifeng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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8
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Yang A, Peng F, Zhu L, Li X, Ou S, Huang Z, Wu S, Peng C, Liu P, Kong Y. Melatonin inhibits triple-negative breast cancer progression through the Lnc049808-FUNDC1 pathway. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:712. [PMID: 34272359 PMCID: PMC8285388 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin has been reported to have tumor-suppressive effects via comprehensive molecular mechanisms, and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may participate in this process. However, the mechanism by which melatonin affects the function of lncRNAs in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, is still unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs in melatonin-treated TNBC cells and the interaction mechanisms. Microarray analyses were performed to identify differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs in TNBC cell lines after melatonin treatment. To explore the functions and underlying mechanisms of the mRNAs and lncRNAs candidates, a series of in vitro experiments were conducted, including CCK-8, Transwell, colony formation, luciferase reporter gene, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays, and mouse xenograft models were established. We found that after melatonin treatment, FUNDC1 and lnc049808 downregulated in TNBC cell lines. Knockdown of FUNDC1 and lnc049808 inhibited TNBC cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Moreover, lnc049808 and FUNDC1 acted as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) for binding to miR-101. These findings indicated that melatonin inhibited TNBC progression through the lnc049808-FUNDC1 pathway and melatonin could be used as a potential therapeutic agent for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anli Yang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Fu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Systematic Research of Distinctive Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China.,West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Lewei Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First People's Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shunling Ou
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhongying Huang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Song Wu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Systematic Research of Distinctive Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Yanan Kong
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
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9
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The fatty acid elongase ELOVL6 regulates bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma. Blood Adv 2021; 5:1933-1946. [PMID: 33821992 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BTZ) represents a major obstacle in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). The contribution of lipid metabolism in the resistance of MM cells to BTZ is mostly unknown. Here we report that levels of fatty acid elongase 6 (ELOVL6) were lower in MM cells from BTZ-nonresponsive vs BTZ-responsive patients and in cultured MM cells selected for BTZ resistance compared with parental counterparts. Accordingly, depletion of ELOVL6 in parental MM cells suppressed BTZ-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cytotoxicity, whereas restoration of ELOVL6 levels in BTZ-resistant MM cells sensitized them to BTZ in tissue culture settings and, as xenografts, in a plasmacytoma mouse model. Furthermore, for the first time, we identified changes in the BTZ-induced lipidome between parental and BTZ-resistant MM cell lines underlying a functional difference in their response to BTZ. We demonstrated that restoration of ELOVL6 levels in BTZ-resistant MM cells resensitized them to BTZ largely via upregulation of ELOVL6-dependent ceramide species, which was a prerequisite for BTZ-induced ER stress and cell death in these cells. Our data characterize ELOVL6 as a major clinically relevant regulator of MM cell resistance to BTZ, which can emerge from the impaired ability of these cells to alter ceramide composition in response to BTZ.
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10
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Restoration of ceramide de novo synthesis by the synthetic retinoid ST1926 as it induces adult T-cell leukemia cell death. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226649. [PMID: 33048123 PMCID: PMC7593536 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramide (Cer) is a bioactive cellular lipid with compartmentalized and tightly regulated levels. Distinct metabolic pathways lead to the generation of Cer species with distinguishable roles in oncogenesis. Deregulation of Cer pathways has emerged as an important mechanism for acquired chemotherapeutic resistance. Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells are defective in Cer synthesis. ATL is an aggressive neoplasm that develops following infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) where the viral oncogene Tax contributes to the pathogenesis of the disease. ATL cells, resistant to all-trans-retinoic acid, are sensitive to pharmacologically achievable concentrations of the synthetic retinoid ST1926. We studied the effects of ST1926 on Cer pathways in ATL cells. ST1926 treatment resulted in early Tax oncoprotein degradation in HTLV-1-treated cells. ST1926 induced cell death and a dose- and time-dependent accumulation of Cer in malignant T cells. The kinetics and degree of Cer production showed an early response upon ST1926 treatment. ST1926 enhanced de novo Cer synthesis via activation of ceramide synthase CerS(s) without inhibiting dihydroceramide desaturase, thereby accumulating Cer rather than the less bioactive dihydroceramide. Using labeling experiments with the unnatural 17-carbon sphinganine and measuring the generated Cer species, we showed that ST1926 preferentially induces the activities of a distinct set of CerS(s). We detected a delay in cell death response and interruption of Cer generation in response to ST1926 in Molt-4 cells overexpressing Bcl-2. These results highlight the potential role of ST1926 in inducing Cer levels, thus lowering the threshold for cell death in ATL cells.
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11
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Shi Y, Jin Y, Liu F, Jiang J, Cao J, Lu Y, Yang J. Ceramide induces the apoptosis of non‑small cell lung cancer cells through the Txnip/Trx1 complex. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:85. [PMID: 33760130 PMCID: PMC7992921 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramide is a biologically active sphingomyelin that inhibits cell growth and proliferation. In previous studies, it was demonstrated that the use of lipopolysaccharides induces acid sphingomyelinases to produce ceramide, promoting lung cancer cell apoptosis; however, the specific mechanisms of this action remain unclear. Thioredoxin‑interacting protein (Txnip) plays an important role in the signal transmission of redox reactions inside and outside the cell. Thus, it was hypothesized that ceramide induces apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549 and PC9) by modulating the Txnip/Trx1 complex. In the present study, the Cell Counting kit‑8 method was used to detect cell activity and the drug concentration. Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry were used to detect cell apoptosis, and the positional association between Txnip and Trx1 upregulated by ceramide was observed by immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to detect the changes in related gene, mRNA and protein expression levels. The results revealed that ceramide treatment resulted in the upregulation of Txnip and in the reduction of Trx1 activities. However, the Txnip inhibitor, verapamil, reversed these changes. The analysis of mRNA expression further verified the changes observed in the protein expression of Txnip, Trx1 and apoptosis‑related proteins. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that ceramide induces the apoptosis of lung cancer cells by regulating the Txnip/Trx1 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Yongmei Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Jiyu Cao
- The Teaching Center for Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Youjin Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
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12
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Qian H, Deng J, Lu C, Hou G, Zhang H, Zhang M, Fang Z, Lv XD. Ceramide synthases: insights into the expression and prognosis of lung cancer. Exp Lung Res 2020; 47:37-53. [PMID: 33183094 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2020.1844345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
CerSs (ceramide synthases), a group of enzymes that catalyze the formation of ceramides from sphingoid base and acyl-CoA substrates. As far, six types of CerSs (CerS1-CerS6) have been found in mammals. Each of these enzymes have unique characteristics, but maybe more noteworthy is the ability of individual CerS isoform to produce a ceramide with a characteristic acyl chain distribution. As key regulators of sphingolipid metabolism, CerSs highlight their unique characteristics and have emerging roles in regulating programmed cell death, cancer and many other aspects of biology. However, the role of CerSs in lung cancer has not been fully elucidated. In this study, there was no significant change in the sequence or copy number of CerSs gene, which could explain the stability of malignant tumor development through COSMIC database. In addition, gene expression in lung cancer was examined using the OncomineTM database, and the prognostic value of each gene in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. The results showed that high mRNA expression levels of CerS2, CerS3, CerS4 and CerS5 in all NSCLC patients were associated with improved prognosis. Among them, CerS2 and CerS5 are also highly expressed in adenocarcinoma (Ade), but not in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In contrast, high or low expression of CerS1 and CerS6 no difference was observed in patients with NSCLC, Ade and SCC. Integrated the data of this study suggested that these CerSs may be a potential tumor markers or drug target of new research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijiang Qian
- Department of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University
| | - Jingjing Deng
- Department of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University
| | - Gouxin Hou
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Hualiang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University
| | - Zhixian Fang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University
| | - Xiao-Dong Lv
- Department of Respiratory, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University
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13
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Shi Y, Zhou C, Lu H, Cui X, Li J, Jiang S, Zhang H, Zhang R. Ceramide synthase 6 predicts poor prognosis and activates the AKT/mTOR/4EBP1 pathway in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:5924-5939. [PMID: 33042469 PMCID: PMC7540095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies worldwide, and its mortality rate ranks first among gynecologic cancers. Ceramide synthases are closely related to cancer development. In this study, we investigated the role of ceramide synthase 6 (CerS6) in the development of serous ovarian cancer. Methods: Expression of CerS6 in cancerous and healthy ovarian tissue was assessed by database analysis and immunohistochemistry. The biological role of CerS6 in serous ovarian cancer cells was assessed by CerS6 knockdown followed by cell counting, colony formation, transwell migration, wound healing, and flow cytometry assays and measurement of tumor proliferation in nude mice. Signaling pathway components were analyzed by Western blotting. Gene enrichment was analyzed by GSEA and R, and RNA sequencing was used to compare the transcriptomes of serous ovarian cancer cells with and without CerS6 knockdown. Results: High CerS6 expression in ovarian cancer tissues was closely related to poor prognosis. Knockdown of CerS6 inhibited serous ovarian cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis and promoted their apoptosis. In addition, CerS6 knockdown increased the proportion of serous ovarian cancer cells in G2/M phase. CerS6 regulates cell cycle through the AKT/mTOR/4EBP1 signaling pathway, which affects cell proliferation and metastasis. The GSEA, R, and RNA sequencing analyses showed that knocking down CerS6 significantly affects cell cycle in serous ovarian cancer cells. Conclusions: CerS6 may have an oncogenic role in ovarian cancer and may represent a new prognostic marker and therapeutic target for serous ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinong Shi
- Fengxian District Center Hospital Graduate Student Training Base, Jinzhou Medical UniversityShanghai 201499, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityChangzhou 213000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan Lu
- Fengxian District Center Hospital Graduate Student Training Base, Jinzhou Medical UniversityShanghai 201499, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cui
- Fengxian District Center Hospital Graduate Student Training Base, Jinzhou Medical UniversityShanghai 201499, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200240, China
| | - Shuheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200240, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 200011, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Fengxian District Center Hospital Graduate Student Training Base, Jinzhou Medical UniversityShanghai 201499, China
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14
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Wang S, Li MY, Liu Y, Vlantis AC, Chan JY, Xue L, Hu BG, Yang S, Chen MX, Zhou S, Guo W, Zeng X, Qiu S, van Hasselt CA, Tong MC, Chen GG. The role of microRNA in cisplatin resistance or sensitivity. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:885-897. [PMID: 32559147 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1785431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cisplatin is a chemotherapy drug that has been used to treat a number of cancers for decades, and is still one of the most commonly used anti-cancer agents. However, some patients do not respond to cisplatin while other patients who were originally sensitive to cisplatin eventually develop chemoresistance, leading to treatment failure or/and tumor recurrence. AREAS COVERED Different mechanisms contribute to cisplatin resistance or sensitivity, involving multiple pathways or/and processes such as DNA repair, DNA damage response, drug transport, and apoptosis. Among the various mechanisms, it appears that microRNAs play an important role in determining the resistance or sensitivity. In this article, we analyzed and summarized recent findings in this area, with the aim that these data can aid further research and understanding, leading to the eventual reduction of cisplatin resistance. EXPERT COMMENTARY microRNAs can positively or negatively regulate cisplatin resistance by acting on molecules or/and pathways related to apoptosis, autophagy, hypoxia, cancer stem cells, NF-κB, and Notch1. It appears that the modulation of relevant microRNAs can effectively re-sensitize cancer cells to cisplatin regimen in certain types of cancers including breast, colorectal, gastric, liver, lung, ovarian, prostate, testicular, and thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong, Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT , Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming-Yue Li
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital , Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital , Hong Kong, China
| | - Alexander C Vlantis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT , Hong Kong, China.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Ear, Nose and Throat Joint Research Centre, Longgang ENT Hospital , Shenzhen, China
| | - Jason Yk Chan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT , Hong Kong, China.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Ear, Nose and Throat Joint Research Centre, Longgang ENT Hospital , Shenzhen, China
| | - Lingbin Xue
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT , Hong Kong, China
| | - Bao-Guang Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University , Binzhou, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shucai Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Pingshan District People's Hospital of Shenzhen , Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Mo-Xian Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital , Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaoming Zhou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital , Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Shenzhen Ritzcon Biological Technology Co., LTD , Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- DShenzhen Key Laboratory of ENT, Institute of ENT & Longgang ENT Hospital , Shandong, China.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Ear, Nose and Throat Joint Research Centre, Longgang ENT Hospital , Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuqi Qiu
- DShenzhen Key Laboratory of ENT, Institute of ENT & Longgang ENT Hospital , Shandong, China.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Ear, Nose and Throat Joint Research Centre, Longgang ENT Hospital , Shenzhen, China
| | - C Andrew van Hasselt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT , Hong Kong, China.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Ear, Nose and Throat Joint Research Centre, Longgang ENT Hospital , Shenzhen, China
| | - Michael Cf Tong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT , Hong Kong, China.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Ear, Nose and Throat Joint Research Centre, Longgang ENT Hospital , Shenzhen, China
| | - George G Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT , Hong Kong, China.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Ear, Nose and Throat Joint Research Centre, Longgang ENT Hospital , Shenzhen, China
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15
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Tomizawa S, Tamori M, Tanaka A, Utsumi N, Sato H, Hatakeyama H, Hisaka A, Kohama T, Yamagata K, Honda T, Nakamura H, Murayama T. Inhibitory effects of ceramide kinase on Rac1 activation, lamellipodium formation, cell migration, and metastasis of A549 lung cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158675. [PMID: 32112978 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ceramide kinase (CerK) phosphorylates ceramide to ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P), a bioactive sphingolipid. Since the mechanisms responsible for regulating the proliferation and migration/metastasis of cancer cells by the CerK/C1P pathway remain unclear, we conducted the present study. The knockdown of CerK in A549 lung and MCF-7 breast cancer cells (shCerK cells) increased the formation of lamellipodia, which are membrane protrusions coupled with cell migration. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts prepared from CerK-null mice also showed an enhanced formation of lamellipodia. The overexpression of CerK inhibited lamellipodium formation in A549 cells. The knockdown of CerK increased the number of cells having lamellipodia with Rac1 and the levels of active Rac1-GTP form, whereas the overexpression of CerK decreased them. CerK was located in lamellipodia after the epidermal growth factor treatment, indicating that CerK functioned there to inhibit Rac1. The migration of A549 cells was negatively regulated by CerK. An intravenous injection of A549-shCerK cells into nude mice resulted in markedly stronger metastatic responses in the lungs than an injection of control cells. The in vitro growth of A549 cells and in vivo expansion after the injection into mouse flanks were not affected by the CerK knockdown. These results suggest that the activation of CerK/C1P pathway has inhibitory roles on lamellipodium formation, migration, and metastasis of A549 lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Tomizawa
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Mizuki Tamori
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Ai Tanaka
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Naoya Utsumi
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sato
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Hiroto Hatakeyama
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hisaka
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kohama
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan; Research Coordination Group, Research Management Department, Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd., 1016-13 Kitakasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Yamagata
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Takuya Honda
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan.
| | - Toshihiko Murayama
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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16
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Bao G, Huang J, Pan W, Li X, Zhou T. Long noncoding RNA CERS6-AS1 functions as a malignancy promoter in breast cancer by binding to IGF2BP3 to enhance the stability of CERS6 mRNA. Cancer Med 2020; 9:278-289. [PMID: 31701672 PMCID: PMC6943159 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) leads to the highest mortality in women worldwide, characterized by inevitable proliferation and metastasis of BC cells. Mounting evidence confirm that lncRNAs play a significant role in the tumorigenesis and development of BC. lncRNA CERS6-AS1 is a novel discovery, and its role and molecular mechanism in BC has not been studied. In this study, it was discovered that CERS6-AS1 was overexpressed in BC tissues and cells. CERS6-AS1 accelerated cell proliferation and suppressed cell apoptosis in BC. Moreover, molecular mechanism exploration uncovered that there was a positive association between CERS6 and CERS6-AS1 (or IGF2BP3) expression in BC. Furthermore, IGF2BP3 serves as a RNA-binding protein for CERS6-AS1 and CERS6-AS1 promoted CERS6 mRNA stability by binding to IGF2BP3. In the end, rescue experiments verified that overexpression of CERS6 rescues the inhibition of CERS6-AS1 deficiency on BC progression in vitro and vivo. Taken together, these evidences suggested that CERS6-AS1 promoted the progression of BC by binding to IGF2BP3 and thus enhancing the stability of CERS6 mRNA, providing a new underlying therapeutic target for BC to improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Bao
- Breast SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Jianjun Huang
- Breast SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Wei Pan
- Inspection InstituteGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Xing Li
- Inspection InstituteGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Tian Zhou
- Breast SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
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17
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Dasgupta S, Ray SK. Ceramide and Sphingosine Regulation of Myelinogenesis: Targeting Serine Palmitoyltransferase Using microRNA in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5031. [PMID: 31614447 PMCID: PMC6834223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramide and sphingosine display a unique profile during brain development, indicating their critical role in myelinogenesis. Employing advanced technology such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, high performance liquid chromatography, and immunocytochemistry, along with cell culture and molecular biology, we have found an accumulation of sphingosine in brain tissues of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and in the spinal cord of rats induced with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. The elevated sphingosine leads to oligodendrocyte death and fosters demyelination. Ceramide elevation by serine palmitoyltransferse (SPT) activation was the primary source of the sphingosine elevation as myriocin, an inhibitor of SPT, prevented sphingosine elevation and protected oligodendrocytes. Supporting this view, fingolimod, a drug used for MS therapy, reduced ceramide generation, thus offering partial protection to oligodendrocytes. Sphingolipid synthesis and degradation in normal development is regulated by a series of microRNAs (miRNAs), and hence, accumulation of sphingosine in MS may be prevented by employing miRNA technology. This review will discuss the current knowledge of ceramide and sphingosine metabolism (synthesis and breakdown), and how their biosynthesis can be regulated by miRNA, which can be used as a therapeutic approach for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somsankar Dasgupta
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
| | - Swapan K Ray
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, 6439 Garners Ferry Road, Columbia, SC 29209, USA.
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18
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Abstract
Mechanistic details for the roles of sphingolipids and their downstream targets in the regulation of tumor growth, response to chemo/radiotherapy, and metastasis have been investigated in recent studies using innovative molecular, genetic and pharmacologic tools in various cancer models. Induction of ceramide generation in response to cellular stress by chemotherapy, radiation, or exogenous ceramide analog drugs mediates cell death via apoptosis, necroptosis, or mitophagy. In this chapter, distinct functions and mechanisms of action of endogenous ceramides with different fatty acyl chain lengths in the regulation of cancer cell death versus survival will be discussed. In addition, importance of ceramide subcellular localization, trafficking, and lipid-protein binding between ceramide and various target proteins in cancer cells will be reviewed. Moreover, clinical trials from structure-function-based studies to restore antiproliferative ceramide signaling by activating ceramide synthesis will also be analyzed. Future studies are important to understand the mechanistic involvement of ceramide-mediated cell death in anticancer therapy, including immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Nganga
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Natalia Oleinik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Besim Ogretmen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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19
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Brachtendorf S, El-Hindi K, Grösch S. WITHDRAWN: Ceramide synthases in cancer therapy and chemoresistance. Prog Lipid Res 2019:100992. [PMID: 31442523 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.100992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Brachtendorf
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Khadija El-Hindi
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Sabine Grösch
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
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20
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Zhu Y, He D, Bo H, Liu Z, Xiao M, Xiang L, Zhou J, Liu Y, Liu X, Gong L, Ma Y, Zhou Y, Zhou M, Xiong W, Yang F, Xing X, Li R, Li W, Cao K. The MRVI1-AS1/ATF3 signaling loop sensitizes nasopharyngeal cancer cells to paclitaxel by regulating the Hippo–TAZ pathway. Oncogene 2019; 38:6065-6081. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0858-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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21
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Brachtendorf S, El-Hindi K, Grösch S. Ceramide synthases in cancer therapy and chemoresistance. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 74:160-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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22
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Silsirivanit A, Phoomak C, Teeravirote K, Wattanavises S, Seubwai W, Saengboonmee C, Zhan Z, Inokuchi JI, Suzuki A, Wongkham S. Overexpression of HexCer and LacCer containing 2-hydroxylated fatty acids in cholangiocarcinoma and the association of the increase of LacCer (d18:1-h23:0) with shorter survival of the patients. Glycoconj J 2019; 36:103-111. [PMID: 30888588 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-019-09864-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Alteration of glycosphingolipid (GSL) synthesis is observed in many types of cancer. In this study, we have analyzed the expression of sphingolipids and GSLs in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) tissues and adjacent normal liver tissues. Neutral lipids were extracted from tissue samples using mild-alkaline treatment method followed by TLC and LC-MS analysis. The expression of ceramides, hexosylceramides (HexCer), and lactosylceramides (LacCer) was altered in CCA tissues, 61.1% (11/18) of them showing an increase whereas 38.9% (7/18) showing a decrease, compared with the adjacent normal tissue. Cers and GSLs containing 2-hydroxylated fatty acids except one LacCer molecular species were overexpressed in CCA tissues, and the increase of LacCer (d18:1-h23:0) was correlated with shorter survival of CCA patients, suggesting the involvement of GSL synthesis and fatty acid hydroxylation in progression of CCA. Taken together, we have demonstrated in this study the increase of GSL synthesis and fatty hydroxylation in CCA, which probably be used as a target for CCA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atit Silsirivanit
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Group for Glycosciences and Glycotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Phoomak
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Group for Glycosciences and Glycotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Karuntarat Teeravirote
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Group for Glycosciences and Glycotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sasiprapa Wattanavises
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Group for Glycosciences and Glycotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Wunchana Seubwai
- Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Charupong Saengboonmee
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Group for Glycosciences and Glycotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Zhaoqi Zhan
- Shimadzu Asia Pacific Pte Ltd, Singapore Science Park I, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jin-Ichi Inokuchi
- Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akemi Suzuki
- Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Group for Glycosciences and Glycotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
- Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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Wang CZ, Deng F, Li H, Wang DD, Zhang W, Ding L, Tang JH. MiR-101: a potential therapeutic target of cancers. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:3310-3321. [PMID: 30662588 PMCID: PMC6291716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that could regulate gene expressions transcriptionally or post-transcriptionally through binding to 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which were identified to be associated with tumorigenesis in various neoplasms. Among them, miR-101, encoded by two precursor transcripts (miR-101-1 and miR-101-2), was recognized to serve as a tumor suppressor via targeting critical oncogenes or anti-oncogenes. Additionally, studies have shown that miR-101 was participated in multiple cancer-related biological processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, invasion and metastasis. In this review, we aim to summarize the function of miR-101 in different biological processes by figuring out the underlying target gene networks and explore its potential role as a biomarker in diverse neoplasms, which will provide a brand-new insight in molecular targeting cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen-Zhu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Fei Deng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221004, P. R. China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Hai Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, P. R. China
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Verlekar D, Wei SJ, Cho H, Yang S, Kang MH. Ceramide synthase-6 confers resistance to chemotherapy by binding to CD95/Fas in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:925. [PMID: 30206207 PMCID: PMC6133972 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0964-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide synthases (CERS) produce ceramides which are key intermediators in the biosynthesis of complex sphingolipids and play an important role in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and senescence. CERS6 is an isoform of ceramide synthases known to generate ceramides with C16 acyl chain (C16-Cer). CERS6 and C16-Cer levels were significantly higher in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells in comparison to peripheral blood mononuclear cells and T lymphocytes derived from healthy human volunteers. We investigated the role of CERS6 in chemo-resistance in T-ALL cell lines. Stable knockdown of CERS6 in CCRF-CEM and MOLT-4 cells resulted in increased sensitivity to ABT-737, a pan-BCL-2 inhibitor, while CCRF-CEM cells with exogenous CERS6 expression showed resistance to ABT-737 relative to the vector control. The cytotoxic activity of ABT-737 in CERS6 knockdown cells was significantly reduced by the addition of a caspase-8 inhibitor Z-IETD, suggesting that CERS6 alters the cytotoxicity via extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. By co-immunoprecipitation of CERS6 in CCRF-CEM cells, we identified CD95/Fas, a mediator of extrinsic apoptotic pathway, as a novel CERS6 binding partner. In Fas pull-down samples, FADD (Fas-associated protein with death domain) was detected at higher levels in cells with CERS6 knockdown compared with control cells when treated with ABT-737, and this was reversed by the overexpression of CERS6, demonstrating that CERS6 interferes with Fas–FADD DISC assembly. CERS6 may serve as a biomarker in determining the effectiveness of anticancer agents acting via the extrinsic pathway in T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dattesh Verlekar
- Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Sung-Jen Wei
- Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Hwangeui Cho
- Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Shengping Yang
- Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Min H Kang
- Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA. .,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.
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Uen YH, Fang CL, Lin CC, Hseu YC, Hung ST, Sun DP, Lin KY. Ceramide synthase 6 predicts the prognosis of human gastric cancer: It functions as an oncoprotein by dysregulating the SOCS2/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:1675-1689. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yih-Huei Uen
- Department of Surgery; Asia University Hospital; Taichung Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology; Asia University; Taichung Taiwan
- Department of Surgery; Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital; Tainan Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lang Fang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Pathology; Wan Fang Hospital; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chan Lin
- Department of Medical Research; Chi Mei Medical Center; Tainan Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology; Asia University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ting Hung
- Department of Medical Research; Chi Mei Medical Center; Tainan Taiwan
| | - Ding-Ping Sun
- Department of Surgery; Chi Mei Medical Center; Tainan Taiwan
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science; Tainan Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yuan Lin
- Department of Medical Research; Chi Mei Medical Center; Tainan Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology; Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science; Tainan Taiwan
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RIPK4 promotes bladder urothelial carcinoma cell aggressiveness by upregulating VEGF-A through the NF-κB pathway. Br J Cancer 2018; 118:1617-1627. [PMID: 29867225 PMCID: PMC6008479 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0116-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Constitutively activated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling plays vital roles in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BC) progression. We investigate the effect of receptor-interacting protein kinase 4 (RIPK4) on NF-κB activation and BC progression. METHODS The expression of RIPK4 was examined in 25 cryopreserved paired bladder samples and 112 paraffin BC specimens. In vivo and in vitro assays were performed to validate effect of RIPK4 on NF-κB pathway-mediated BC progression. RESULTS High expression of RIPK4 was observed in BC tissues and was an independent predictor for poor overall survival. Up or downregulating the expression of RIPK4 enhanced or inhibited, respectively, the migration and invasion of BC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, RIPK4 promoted K63-linked polyubiquitination of tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2), receptor-interacting protein (RIP) and NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO). RIPK4 also promoted nuclear localisation of NF-κB-p65, and maintained activation of NF-κB substantially, leading to upregulation of VEGF-A, ultimately promoting BC cell aggressiveness. CONCLUSIONS Our data highlighted the molecular aetiology and clinical significance of RIPK4 in BC: upregulation of RIPK4 contributes to NF-κB activation, and upregulates VEGF-A, and BC progression. Targeting RIPK4 might represent a new therapeutic strategy to improve survival for patients with BC.
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27
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Dai L, Smith CD, Foroozesh M, Miele L, Qin Z. The sphingosine kinase 2 inhibitor ABC294640 displays anti-non-small cell lung cancer activities in vitro and in vivo. Int J Cancer 2018; 142:2153-2162. [PMID: 29277894 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85-90% of lung cancer cases, and is the number one killer among cancers in the United States. The majorities of lung cancer patients do not respond well to conventional chemo- and/or radio-therapeutic regimens, and have a dismal 5-year survival rate of ∼15%. The recent introduction of targeted therapy and immunotherapy gives new hopes to NSCLC patients, but even with these agents, not all patients respond, and responses are rarely complete. Thus, there is still an urgent need to identify new therapeutic targets in NSCLC and develop novel anti-cancer agents. Sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2) is one of the key enzymes in sphingolipid metabolism. SphK2 expression predicts poor survival in NSCLC patients, and is associated with Gefitinib-resistance. In this study, the anti-NSCLC activities of ABC294640, the only first-in-class orally available inhibitor of SphK2, were explored. The results obtained indicate that ABC294640 treatment causes significant NSCLC cell apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and suppression of tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, lipidomics analyses revealed the complete signature of ceramide and dihydro(dh)-ceramide species in the NSCLC cell-lines with or without ABC294640 treatment. These findings indicate that sphingolipid metabolism targeted therapy may be developed as a promising strategy against NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Dai
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, 1700 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA.,Department of Pediatrics, Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | | | - Maryam Foroozesh
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA
| | - Lucio Miele
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, 1700 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA
| | - Zhiqiang Qin
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, 1700 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA.,Department of Pediatrics, Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
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Abstract
Sphingolipids, including the two central bioactive lipids ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), have opposing roles in regulating cancer cell death and survival, respectively, and there have been exciting developments in understanding how sphingolipid metabolism and signalling regulate these processes in response to anticancer therapy. Recent studies have provided mechanistic details of the roles of sphingolipids and their downstream targets in the regulation of tumour growth and response to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and/or immunotherapy using innovative molecular, genetic and pharmacological tools to target sphingolipid signalling nodes in cancer cells. For example, structure-function-based studies have provided innovative opportunities to develop mechanism-based anticancer therapeutic strategies to restore anti-proliferative ceramide signalling and/or inhibit pro-survival S1P-S1P receptor (S1PR) signalling. This Review summarizes how ceramide-induced cellular stress mediates cancer cell death through various mechanisms involving the induction of apoptosis, necroptosis and/or mitophagy. Moreover, the metabolism of ceramide for S1P biosynthesis, which is mediated by sphingosine kinase 1 and 2, and its role in influencing cancer cell growth, drug resistance and tumour metastasis through S1PR-dependent or receptor-independent signalling are highlighted. Finally, studies targeting enzymes involved in sphingolipid metabolism and/or signalling and their clinical implications for improving cancer therapeutics are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Besim Ogretmen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas Street, MSC 957, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA
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29
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Adoptive Transfer of Ceramide Synthase 6 Deficient Splenocytes Reduces the Development of Colitis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15552. [PMID: 29138469 PMCID: PMC5686186 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15791-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids regulate critical cellular processes including inflammation. Ceramide, which serves a central role in sphingolipid metabolism, is generated by six ceramide synthases (CerS) that differ in substrate specificity. CerS6 preferentially generates C16-ceramide and its mRNA is highly expressed in immune tissues. In this study we analyzed how deficiency of CerS6 impacts on the development of colitis using an adoptive transfer model. Adoptive transfer of CerS6-deficient splenocytes, which have significantly decreased levels of C16-ceramide, showed that CerS6-deficiency protected against the development of colitis. However, adoptively transferred cells isolated from the lamina propria of the large intestine from wild type or CerS6-deficient groups showed no differences in the percentages of immune-suppressive regulatory T cells, pro-inflammatory Th17 cells, or their ability to express IL-17. In vitro polarization of wild type or CerS6-deficient splenocytes also revealed no defects in the development of T cell subsets. Our data suggest that protection from colitis following adoptive transfer of CerS6-deficient splenocytes maybe related to their ability to migrate and proliferate in vivo rather than subset development or cytokine expression.
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Zeng Q, Liu J, Cao P, Li J, Liu X, Fan X, Liu L, Cheng Y, Xiong W, Li J, Bo H, Zhu Y, Yang F, Hu J, Zhou M, Zhou Y, Zou Q, Zhou J, Cao K. Inhibition of REDD1 Sensitizes Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma to Paclitaxel by Inhibiting Autophagy. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 24:445-459. [PMID: 29084921 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Regulated in development and DNA damage response-1 (REDD1) is a stress-related protein and is involved in the progression of cancer. The role and regulatory mechanism of REDD1 in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC), however, is yet unidentified.Experimental Design: The expression of REDD1 in BUC was detected by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The correlation between REDD1 expression and clinical features in patients with BUC were assessed. The effects of REDD1 on cellular proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and paclitaxel sensitivity were determined both in vitro and in vivo Then the targeted-regulating mechanism of REDD1 by miRNAs was explored.Results: Here the significant increase of REDD1 expression is detected in BUC tissue, and REDD1 is first reported as an independent prognostic factor in patients with BUC. Silencing REDD1 expression in T24 and EJ cells decreased cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, and decreased autophagy, whereas the ectopic expression of REDD1 in RT4 and BIU87 cells had the opposite effect. In addition, the REDD1-mediated proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy are found to be negatively regulated by miR-22 in vitro, which intensify the paclitaxel sensitivity via inhibition of the well-acknowledged REDD1-EEF2K-autophagy axis. AKT/mTOR signaling initially activated or inhibited in response to silencing or enhancing REDD1 expression and then recovered rapidly. Finally, the inhibited REDD1 expression by either RNAi or miR-22 sensitizes BUC tumor cells to paclitaxel in a subcutaneous transplant carcinoma model in vivoConclusions: REDD1 is confirmed as an oncogene in BUC, and antagonizing REDD1 could be a potential therapeutic strategy to sensitize BUC cells to paclitaxel. Clin Cancer Res; 24(2); 445-59. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghai Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jianye Liu
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Peiguo Cao
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Fan
- Research Service Office, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Ling Liu
- Outpatient service office, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Cancer Research Institute and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jigang Li
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Hao Bo
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yuxing Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Fei Yang
- School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Tissue-bank, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Zou
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jianda Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China.
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Wang Z, Wen L, Zhu F, Wang Y, Xie Q, Chen Z, Li Y. Overexpression of ceramide synthase 1 increases C18-ceramide and leads to lethal autophagy in human glioma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:104022-104036. [PMID: 29262618 PMCID: PMC5732784 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramide synthase 1 (CERS1) is the most highly expressed CERS in the central nervous system, and ceramide with an 18-carbon-containing fatty acid chain (C18-ceramide) in the brain plays important roles in signaling and sphingolipid development. However, the roles of CERS1 and C18-ceramide in glioma are largely unknown. In the present study, measured by electrospray ionization linear ion trap mass spectrometry, C18-ceramide was significantly lower in glioma tumor tissues compared with controls (P < 0.001), indicating that C18-ceramide might have a role in glioma. These roles were examined by reconstitution of C18-ceramide in U251 and A172 glioma cells via addition of exogenous C18-ceramide or overexpression of CERS1, which has been shown to specifically induce the generation of C18-ceramide. Overexpression of CERS1 or adding exogenous C18-ceramide inhibited cell viability and induced cell death by activating endoplasmic reticulum stress, which induced lethal autophagy and inhibited PI3K/AKT signal pathway in U251 and A172 glioma cells. Moreover, overexpression of CERS1 or adding exogenous C18-ceramide increased the sensitivity of U251 and A172 glioma cells to teniposide (VM-26). Thus, the combined therapy of CERS1/C18-ceramide and VM-26 may be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of human glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Medical College, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lijun Wen
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Medical College, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fei Zhu
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Medical College, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Medical College, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Medical College, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zijun Chen
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunsen Li
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Medical College, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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32
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microRNA-33a-5p increases radiosensitivity by inhibiting glycolysis in melanoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:83660-83672. [PMID: 29137372 PMCID: PMC5663544 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolysis was reported to have a positive correlation with radioresistance. Our previous study found that the miR-33a functioned as a tumor suppressor in malignant melanoma by targeting hypoxia-inducible factor1-alpha (HIF-1α), a gene known to promote glycolysis. However, the role of miR-33a-5p in radiosensitivity remains to be elucidated. We found that miR-33a-5p was downregulated in melanoma tissues and cells. Cell proliferation was downregulated after overexpression of miR-33a-5p in WM451 cells, accompanied by a decreased level of glycolysis. In contrast, cell proliferation was upregulated after inhibition of miR-33a-5p in WM35 cells, accompanied by increased glycolysis. Overexpression of miR-33a-5p enhanced the sensitivity of melanoma cells to X-radiation by MTT assay, while downregulation of miR-33a-5p had the opposite effects. Finally, in vivo experiments with xenografts in nude mice confirmed that high expression of miR-33a-5p in tumor cells increased radiosensitivity via inhibiting glycolysis. In conclusions, miR-33a-5p promotes radiosensitivity by negatively regulating glycolysis in melanoma.
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Vestri A, Pierucci F, Frati A, Monaco L, Meacci E. Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors: Do They Have a Therapeutic Potential in Cardiac Fibrosis? Front Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28626422 PMCID: PMC5454082 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid that is characterized by a peculiar mechanism of action. In fact, S1P, which is produced inside the cell, can act as an intracellular mediator, whereas after its export outside the cell, it can act as ligand of specific G-protein coupled receptors, which were initially named endothelial differentiation gene (Edg) and eventually renamed sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs). Among the five S1PR subtypes, S1PR1, S1PR2 and S1PR3 isoforms show broad tissue gene expression, while S1PR4 is primarily expressed in immune system cells, and S1PR5 is expressed in the central nervous system. There is accumulating evidence for the important role of S1P as a mediator of many processes, such as angiogenesis, carcinogenesis and immunity, and, ultimately, fibrosis. After a tissue injury, the imbalance between the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) and its degradation, which occurs due to chronic inflammatory conditions, leads to an accumulation of ECM and, consequential, organ dysfunction. In these pathological conditions, many factors have been described to act as pro- and anti-fibrotic agents, including S1P. This bioactive lipid exhibits both pro- and anti-fibrotic effects, depending on its site of action. In this review, after a brief description of sphingolipid metabolism and signaling, we emphasize the involvement of the S1P/S1PR axis and the downstream signaling pathways in the development of fibrosis. The current knowledge of the therapeutic potential of S1PR subtype modulators in the treatment of the cardiac functions and fibrinogenesis are also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambra Vestri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Molecular and Applied Biology Research Unit, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | - Federica Pierucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Molecular and Applied Biology Research Unit, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy.,Interuniversity Institutes of MyologyFirenze, Italy
| | - Alessia Frati
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Molecular and Applied Biology Research Unit, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
| | - Lucia Monaco
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of RomeRome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Meacci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Molecular and Applied Biology Research Unit, University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy.,Interuniversity Institutes of MyologyFirenze, Italy
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Separovic D, Shields AF, Philip PA, Bielawski J, Bielawska A, Pierce JS, Tarca AL. Altered Levels of Serum Ceramide, Sphingosine and Sphingomyelin Are Associated with Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Pilot Study. Anticancer Res 2017; 37:1213-1218. [PMID: 28314284 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.11436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Because patients with cancer of apparently equivalent stage often have different outcomes, it is necessary to gather additional information to complement cancer staging. Dysregulated sphingolipid metabolism contributes to carcinogenesis. In this retrospective pilot study, we tested the hypothesis that changes in serum levels of sphingolipids are associated with stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC). PATIENTS AND METHODS We used commercially available serum samples from healthy males and patients with CRC (adenocarcinoma of the large intestine, stage IV with metastases). Blood samples were obtained immediately prior to anesthesia/surgery. We measured sphingolipid levels in sera using mass spectrometry. RESULTS In serum of patients with CRC, the levels of C16-, C18-, C18:1-, and C24:1-ceramide, as well as those of sphingosine, were significantly higher than those of controls. In contrast, the levels of C24-sphingomyelin were significantly lower than those of controls. A global test of association showed that ceramides and sphingomyelins but not hexosylceramides were significantly associated with stage IV CRC. CONCLUSION Sphingolipids have a potential of serving as novel, non-invasive, inexpensive, and effective blood-based biomarkers to complement CRC staging for better prognosis and more personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duska Separovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, U.S.A. .,Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, U.S.A
| | - Anthony F Shields
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, U.S.A.,Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, U.S.A
| | - Philip A Philip
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, U.S.A.,Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, U.S.A
| | - Jacek Bielawski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, U.S.A
| | - Alicja Bielawska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, U.S.A
| | - Jason S Pierce
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, U.S.A
| | - Adi L Tarca
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, U.S.A.,Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, U.S.A
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35
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Fekry B, Jeffries KA, Esmaeilniakooshkghazi A, Ogretmen B, Krupenko SA, Krupenko NI. CerS6 Is a Novel Transcriptional Target of p53 Protein Activated by Non-genotoxic Stress. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:16586-96. [PMID: 27302066 PMCID: PMC4974374 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.716902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study suggested that ceramide synthase 6 (CerS6), an enzyme in sphingolipid biosynthesis, is regulated by p53: CerS6 was elevated in several cell lines in response to transient expression of p53 or in response to folate stress, which is known to activate p53. It was not clear, however, whether CerS6 gene is a direct transcriptional target of p53 or whether this was an indirect effect through additional regulatory factors. In the present study, we have shown that the CerS6 promoter is activated by p53 in luciferase assays, whereas transcriptionally inactive R175H p53 mutant failed to induce the luciferase expression from this promoter. In vitro immunoprecipitation assays and gel shift analyses have further demonstrated that purified p53 binds within the CerS6 promoter sequence spanning 91 bp upstream and 60 bp downstream of the transcription start site. The Promo 3.0.2 online tool for the prediction of transcription factor binding sites indicated the presence of numerous putative non-canonical p53 binding motifs in the CerS6 promoter. Luciferase assays and gel shift analysis have identified a single motif upstream of the transcription start as a key p53 response element. Treatment of cells with Nutlin-3 or low concentrations of actinomycin D resulted in a strong elevation of CerS6 mRNA and protein, thus demonstrating that CerS6 is a component of the non-genotoxic p53-dependent cellular stress response. This study has shown that by direct transcriptional activation of CerS6, p53 can regulate specific ceramide biosynthesis, which contributes to the pro-apoptotic cellular response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baharan Fekry
- From the Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081
| | - Kristen A Jeffries
- From the Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081
| | - Amin Esmaeilniakooshkghazi
- From the Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081
| | - Besim Ogretmen
- the Department of Biochemistry and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, and
| | - Sergey A Krupenko
- From the Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, the Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Natalia I Krupenko
- From the Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, the Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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36
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Chakravarthi BVSK, Goswami MT, Pathi SS, Robinson AD, Cieślik M, Chandrashekar DS, Agarwal S, Siddiqui J, Daignault S, Carskadon SL, Jing X, Chinnaiyan AM, Kunju LP, Palanisamy N, Varambally S. MicroRNA-101 regulated transcriptional modulator SUB1 plays a role in prostate cancer. Oncogene 2016; 35:6330-6340. [PMID: 27270442 PMCID: PMC5140777 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-101, a tumor suppressor microRNA (miR), is often downregulated in cancer and is known to target multiple oncogenes. Some of the genes that are negatively regulated by miR-101 expression include histone methyltransferase EZH2 (enhancer of zeste homolog 2), COX2 (cyclooxygenase-2), POMP (proteasome maturation protein), CERS6, STMN1, MCL-1 and ROCK2, among others. In the present study, we show that miR-101 targets transcriptional coactivator SUB1 homolog (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)/PC4 (positive cofactor 4) and regulates its expression. SUB1 is known to have diverse role in vital cell processes such as DNA replication, repair and heterochromatinization. SUB1 is known to modulate transcription and acts as a mediator between the upstream activators and general transcription machinery. Expression profiling in several cancers revealed SUB1 overexpression, suggesting a potential role in tumorigenesis. However, detailed regulation and function of SUB1 has not been elucidated. In this study, we show elevated expression of SUB1 in aggressive prostate cancer. Knockdown of SUB1 in prostate cancer cells resulted in reduced cell proliferation, invasion and migration in vitro, and tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Gene expression analyses coupled with chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that SUB1 binds to the promoter regions of several oncogenes such as PLK1 (Polo-like kinase 1), C-MYC, serine-threonine kinase BUB1B and regulates their expression. Additionally, we observed SUB1 downregulated CDKN1B expression. PLK1 knockdown or use of PLK1 inhibitor can mitigate oncogenic function of SUB1 in benign prostate cancer cells. Thus, our study suggests that miR-101 loss results in increased SUB1 expression and subsequent activation of known oncogenes driving prostate cancer progression and metastasis. This study therefore demonstrates functional role of SUB1 in prostate cancer, and identifies its regulation and potential downstream therapeutic targets of SUB1 in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- B V S K Chakravarthi
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - M T Goswami
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S S Pathi
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - A D Robinson
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - M Cieślik
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - D S Chandrashekar
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - S Agarwal
- Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - J Siddiqui
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S Daignault
- Center for Cancer Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S L Carskadon
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - X Jing
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - A M Chinnaiyan
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - L P Kunju
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - N Palanisamy
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S Varambally
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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37
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Weighted gene co-expression network analysis reveals key genes involved in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma development. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2016; 39:379-88. [PMID: 27240826 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-016-0283-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy. Up till now, the patient's prognosis remains poor which, among others, is due to the paucity of reliable early diagnostic biomarkers. In the past, candidate diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets have been delineated from genes that were found to be differentially expressed in normal versus tumour samples. Recently, new systems biology approaches have been developed to analyse gene expression data, which may yield new biomarkers. As of yet, the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) tool has not been applied to PDAC microarray-based gene expression data. METHODS PDAC microarray-based gene expression datasets, listed in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, were analysed. After pre-processing of the data, we built two final datasets, Normal and PDAC, encompassing 104 and 129 patient samples, respectively. Next, we constructed a weighted gene co-expression network and identified modules of co-expressed genes distinguishing normal from disease conditions. Functional annotations of the genes in these modules were carried out to highlight PDAC-associated molecular pathways and common regulatory mechanisms. Finally, overall survival analyses were carried out to assess the suitability of the genes identified as prognostic biomarkers. RESULTS Using WGCNA, we identified several key genes that may play important roles in PDAC. These genes are mainly related to either endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrion or membrane functions, exhibit transferase or hydrolase activities and are involved in biological processes such as lipid metabolism or transmembrane transport. As a validation of the applied method, we found that some of the identified key genes (CEACAM1, MCU, VDAC1, CYCS, C15ORF52, TMEM51, LARP1 and ERLIN2) have previously been reported by others as potential PDAC biomarkers. Using overall survival analyses, we found that several of the newly identified genes may serve as biomarkers to stratify PDAC patients into low- and high-risk groups. CONCLUSIONS Using this new systems biology approach, we identified several genes that appear to be critical to PDAC development. As such, they may represent potential diagnostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets with clinical utility.
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38
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Wegner MS, Schiffmann S, Parnham MJ, Geisslinger G, Grösch S. The enigma of ceramide synthase regulation in mammalian cells. Prog Lipid Res 2016; 63:93-119. [PMID: 27180613 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide synthases (CerS) are key enzymes in the lipid metabolism of eukaryotic cells. Their products, ceramides (Cer), are components of cellular membranes but also mediate signaling functions in physiological processes such as proliferation, skin barrier function and cerebellar development. In pathophysiological processes such as multiple sclerosis and tumor progression, ceramide levels are altered, which can be ascribed, partly, to dysregulation of CerS gene transcription. Most publications deal with the effects of altered ceramide levels on physiological and pathophysiological processes, but the regulation of the appropriate CerS is frequently not investigated. This is insufficient for the clarification of the role of ceramides, because most ceramide species are generated by at least two CerS. The mechanisms of CerS regulation are manifold and it seems that each CerS isoform is regulated individually. For this reason, we discuss the different CerS separately in this review. From transcriptional regulation to alteration of protein activity, the possibilities to influence CerS are diverse. Furthermore, CerS are influenced by a variety of molecules including hormones and lipids. Without claiming completeness, we provide a résumé of the regulatory mechanisms for each CerS in mammalian cells and how dysregulation of these mechanisms during physiological processes may lead to pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marthe-Susanna Wegner
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann- Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Susanne Schiffmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (TMP), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael John Parnham
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (TMP), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann- Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sabine Grösch
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann- Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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