1
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Wang J, Dong D, Zhao W, Wang J. Intravital microscopy visualizes innate immune crosstalk and function in tissue microenvironment. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350458. [PMID: 37830252 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Significant advances have been made in the field of intravital microscopy (IVM) on myeloid cells due to the growing number of validated fluorescent probes and reporter mice. IVM provides a visualization platform to directly observe cell behavior and deepen our understanding of cellular dynamics, heterogeneity, plasticity, and cell-cell communication in native tissue environments. This review outlines the current studies on the dynamic interaction and function of innate immune cells with a focus on those that are studied with IVM and covers the advances in data analysis with emerging artificial intelligence-based algorithms. Finally, the prospects of IVM on innate immune cells are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Dong
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenying Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Center for Immune-related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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2
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Morinaga T, Yamamoto T, Sugimoto Y. A mouse model of food allergy permitting skin and nasal symptoms. Adv Med Sci 2023; 68:372-378. [PMID: 37797366 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Developing experimental animal models that show clinical symptoms and methods for quantitative and objective evaluation are important for understanding food allergies. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mouse model of food allergy and a useful method to evaluate the symptoms of food allergy. MATERIAL/METHODS Mice were sensitized via intraperitoneal injection of OVA. Subsequently, local sensitization was performed once weekly by oral administration of OVA. Itching and nasal symptoms were observed after oral administration of the antigen. First, we examined the dose-dependency of the antigen. Symptoms were checked weekly. In order to confirm food allergy symptoms, the effect of histamine H1 receptor antagonist was examined. Finally, we measured antigen-specific IgE antibody levels in the serum. RESULTS Scratching behavior, sneezing and nasal rubbing were increased. Both itching and rhinitis symptoms increased steadily, after which, the number of symptoms remained almost constant. No difference was observed between the results of 3- and 5-week-old mice. Cetirizine inhibited these symptoms in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, antigen-specific IgE antibodies were produced in both 3- and 5-week-old mice. CONCLUSIONS This method may be useful for evaluating the symptoms of skin and rhinitis that could not be assessed in the conventional food allergy model and could be induced with a low dose of antigen. In particular, the developed method, which measures the number of itching and nasal symptoms, may enable quantitative, objective, and noninvasive evaluation of food allergy severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Morinaga
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yukio Sugimoto
- Laboratory of Inflammatory Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan.
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3
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Du B, Xiao X, Wang H, Li W, Xia Z, Yang P, Huang SK, Yuan R, Liu J, Han M, Zou Y, Zhu J, He D, Lyu J, Jin X, Xu X, Wang J, Yang H, Xiao L, Liu X, Kristiansen K. Evaluation of the Impact of BaP Exposure on the Gut Microbiota and Allergic Responses in an OVA-Sensitized Mouse Model. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:67004. [PMID: 37267060 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to environmental pollutants, including benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), has been implicated in allergic diseases and intestinal microbiota homeostasis, but the environment-microbiota-immunity triangular relationship and to what extent BaP-induced remodeling of the gut microbiota contributes to intestinal allergic inflammation remain to be established. OBJECTIVES We investigated the impact of BaP on intestinal allergic inflammation and examined the relationship between this effect and gut microbiota dysbiosis. We explored the potential ability of intestinal bacteria to degrade BaP and alleviate cytotoxicity as a detoxification strategy to counteract the effects of BaP exposure. METHODS We combined microbiome shotgun metagenomics with animal histological and intestinal allergic inflammatory responses to assess the effects of BaP (50μg/mouse per day) in a 23-d toxicity test in antigen-induced allergic female mice. In addition, genome annotation, quantitative analysis of BaP, and in vitro cytotoxicity-tests using CaCo-2 cells were conducted to infer the role of intestinal bacteria in BaP detoxification. RESULTS BaP exposure impacted the taxonomic composition and the functional potential of the gut microbiota and aggravated antigen-induced intestinal allergic inflammatory responses. The level of inflammatory cytokines correlated with the abundance of specific bacterial taxa, including Lachnospiraceae bacterium 28-4 and Alistipes inops. We identified 614 bacteria harboring genes implicated in the degradation of BaP, and 4 of these bacterial strains were shown to significantly reduce the cytotoxicity of BaP to CaCo-2 cells in vitro. DISCUSSION Using allergic female mice as a model, we investigated the relationship between BaP, microbiota, and host immune reactions, highlighting the role of gut bacteria in BaP-aggravated allergic reactions. Our findings offer novel insight toward establishing the causal relationship between BaP exposure and the occurrence of allergic disorders. Identifying gut bacteria that degrade BaP may provide new strategies for ameliorating BaP cytotoxicity. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11874.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Du
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaojun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huailing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenxi Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Pingchang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan, China
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan, China
- Department of Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ruyi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mo Han
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, Shenzhen, China
- Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | | | | | | | - Xin Jin
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xun Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Huanming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, Shenzhen, China
- Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, Qingdao, China
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4
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AIZAWA S, UEBANSO T, SHIMOHATA T, MAWATARI K, TAKAHASHI A. Effects of the loss of maternal gut microbiota before pregnancy on gut microbiota, food allergy susceptibility, and epigenetic modification on subsequent generations. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2023; 42:203-212. [PMID: 37404565 PMCID: PMC10315195 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2022-093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Maternal environments affect the health of offspring in later life. Changes in epigenetic modifications may partially explain this phenomenon. The gut microbiota is a critical environmental factor that influences epigenetic modifications of host immune cells and the development of food allergies. However, whether changes in the maternal gut microbiota affect the development of food allergies and related epigenetic modifications in subsequent generations remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of antibiotic treatment before pregnancy on the development of the gut microbiota, food allergies, and epigenetic modifications in F1 and F2 mice. We found that pre-conception antibiotic treatment affected the gut microbiota composition in F1 but not F2 offspring. F1 mice born to antibiotic-treated mothers had a lower proportion of butyric acid-producing bacteria and, consequently, a lower butyric acid concentration in their cecal contents. The methylation level in the DNA of intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes, food allergy susceptibility, and production of antigen-specific IgE in the F1 and F2 mice were not different between those born to control and antibiotic-treated mothers. In addition, F1 mice born to antibiotic-treated mothers showed increased fecal excretion related to the stress response in a novel environment. These results suggest that the maternal gut microbiota is effectively passed onto F1 offspring but has little effect on food allergy susceptibility or DNA methylation levels in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinta AIZAWA
- Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute
of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho,
Tokushima-shi, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Takashi UEBANSO
- Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute
of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho,
Tokushima-shi, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
- Department of Microbial Control, Institute of Biomedical
Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima-shi,
Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Takaaki SHIMOHATA
- Faculty of Marine Biosciences, Fukui Prefectural University,
1-1 Gakuen-cho, Obama-shi, Fukui 917-0003, Japan
| | - Kazuaki MAWATARI
- Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute
of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho,
Tokushima-shi, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
- Department of Microbial Control, Institute of Biomedical
Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima-shi,
Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Akira TAKAHASHI
- Department of Preventive Environment and Nutrition, Institute
of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho,
Tokushima-shi, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
- Department of Microbial Control, Institute of Biomedical
Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima-shi,
Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
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5
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Ganesan V, Sharma A, Tomar S, Schuler CF, Hogan SP. IL-4 receptor alpha signaling alters oral food challenge and immunotherapy outcomes in mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:182-191.e6. [PMID: 35934083 PMCID: PMC11157665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food allergy diagnosis and management causes a number of social and emotional challenges for individuals with food allergies and their caregivers. This has led to increased interest in developing approaches to accurately predict food allergy diagnosis, severity of food allergic reactions, and treatment outcomes. However, the utility of these approaches is somewhat conflicting. OBJECTIVE We sought to develop and utilize a murine model that mimics the disease course of food allergy diagnosis and treatment in humans and to identify biomarkers that predict reactivity during food challenge (FC) and responsiveness during oral immunotherapy (OIT) and how these outcomes are modified by genetics. METHODS Skin-sensitized intestinal IL-9 transgenic (IL9Tg) and IL9Tg mice backcrossed onto the IL-4RαY709F background received a single intragastric exposure of egg antigen (ovalbumin), underwent oral FC and OIT; food allergy severity, mast cell activation, and ovalbumin-specific IgE levels were examined to determine the predictability of these outcomes in determining reactivity and treatment outcomes. RESULTS Subcutaneous sensitization and a single intragastric allergen challenge of egg antigen to BALB/c IL9Tg mice and Il4raY709F IL9Tg induced a food allergic reaction. Enhanced IL-4Rα signaling altered the symptoms induced by the first oral exposure, decreased the cumulative antigen dose, increased the severity of reaction during oral FC, and altered the frequency of adverse events and OIT outcomes. Biomarkers after first oral exposure indicated that only the severity of the initial reaction significantly correlated with cumulative dose of oral FC. CONCLUSION Collectively, these data indicate that single nucleotide polymorphisms in IL-4Rα can alter clinical symptoms of food allergic reactions, severity, and reactive dose during FC and OIT, and that severity of first reaction can predict the likelihood of reaction during FC in mice with IL-4Rα gain of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Ganesan
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Ankit Sharma
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Sunil Tomar
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Charles F Schuler
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Simon P Hogan
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich; Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
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6
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Bisdemethoxycurcumin attenuates OVA‑induced food allergy by inhibiting the MAPK and NF‑κB signaling pathways. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:401. [PMID: 35619631 PMCID: PMC9115631 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) is an important ingredient derived from turmeric in addition to curcumin. It has been reported that BDMC can be used to treat mast cell-mediated allergic diseases. In the present study, a food allergy (FA) murine model sensitized by intraperitoneal injection followed by oral challenge with ovalbumin (OVA) was established. BDMC was orally administered at 100 and 200 mg/kg for 11 days in the challenge phase to treat OVA-induced FA mice. FA symptoms such as diarrhea score, anaphylactic symptom score and rectal temperature were recorded. Intestinal tissue was also observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. In addition, other allergic indicators were also analyzed by ELISA and western blot analysis. The present study demonstrated that BDMC could suppress the decreases in rectal temperature, diarrhea and anaphylactic symptoms in FA mice. BDMC could also ameliorate the inflammation of intestinal tissues in FA mice. BDMC not only decreased the production of OVA-specific immunoglobulin (OVA-sIg)E, IgG1, histamine, mouse mast cell protease-1, diamine oxidase, cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13) but increased cytokines interferon-γ production. The protein expression results showed that the levels of Gata-3 were decreased but T-bet levels were increased. Furthermore, compared with the OVA group, phosphorylated (p)-p38, p-JNK, p-ERK and p-NF-κBp65 levels were decreased and p-IκBα level was increased. In conclusion, the results showed that BDMC possessed a protective effect on FA. Furthermore, BDMC was able to regulate the T-helper cells (Th)1/Th2 immune balance and inhibit the activation of MAPK and NF-κB pathways in FA mice.
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7
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Takasato Y, Kurashima Y, Kiuchi M, Hirahara K, Murasaki S, Arai F, Izawa K, Kaitani A, Shimada K, Saito Y, Toyoshima S, Nakamura M, Fujisawa K, Okayama Y, Kunisawa J, Kubo M, Takemura N, Uematsu S, Akira S, Kitaura J, Takahashi T, Nakayama T, Kiyono H. Orally desensitized mast cells form a regulatory network with Treg cells for the control of food allergy. Mucosal Immunol 2021; 14:640-651. [PMID: 33299086 PMCID: PMC8075951 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-00358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Oral immunotherapy (OIT) is an effective approach to controlling food allergy. Although the detailed molecular and cellular mechanisms of OIT are unknown currently, they must be understood to advance the treatment of allergic diseases in general. To elucidate the mechanisms of OIT, especially during the immunological transition from desensitization to allergy regulation, we generated a clinical OIT murine model and used it to examine immunological events of OIT. We found that in mice that completed OIT successfully, desensitized mast cells (MCs) showed functionally beneficial alterations, such as increased induction of regulatory cytokines and enhanced expansion of regulatory T cells. Importantly, these regulatory-T-cell-mediated inhibitions of allergic responses were dramatically decreased in mice lacking OIT-induced desensitized MC. Collectively, these findings show that the desensitization process modulates the activation of MCs, leading directly to enhanced induction of regulatory-T-cell expansion and promotion of clinical allergic unresponsiveness. Our results suggest that efficiently inducing regulatory MCs is a novel strategy for the treatment of allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Takasato
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Mucosal Immunology, The University of Tokyo Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639 Japan ,grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan
| | - Yosuke Kurashima
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Mucosal Immunology, The University of Tokyo Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639 Japan ,grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Innovative Medicine and Mucosal Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XInternational Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108–8639 Japan ,grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, CU-UCSD Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy and Vaccines (CU-UCSD cMAV), University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0956 USA ,grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan ,grid.482562.fLaboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan
| | - Masahiro Kiuchi
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hirahara
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Sayuri Murasaki
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Mucosal Immunology, The University of Tokyo Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XInternational Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108–8639 Japan
| | - Fujimi Arai
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Mucosal Immunology, The University of Tokyo Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XInternational Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108–8639 Japan
| | - Kumi Izawa
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Ayako Kaitani
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Kaoru Shimada
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Mucosal Immunology, The University of Tokyo Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XInternational Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108–8639 Japan
| | - Yukari Saito
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Innovative Medicine and Mucosal Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Shota Toyoshima
- grid.260969.20000 0001 2149 8846Allergy and Immunology Research Project Team, Research Institute of Medical Science, Center for Allergy, Center for Medical Education, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 173-8610 Japan
| | - Miho Nakamura
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Mucosal Immunology, The University of Tokyo Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639 Japan
| | - Kumiko Fujisawa
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Mucosal Immunology, The University of Tokyo Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639 Japan
| | - Yoshimichi Okayama
- grid.260969.20000 0001 2149 8846Allergy and Immunology Research Project Team, Research Institute of Medical Science, Center for Allergy, Center for Medical Education, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 173-8610 Japan
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XInternational Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108–8639 Japan ,grid.482562.fLaboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085 Japan
| | - Masato Kubo
- grid.509459.40000 0004 0472 0267Laboratory for Cytokine Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan ,grid.143643.70000 0001 0660 6861Division of Molecular Pathology, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, 278-0022 Japan
| | - Naoki Takemura
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Innovative Medicine and Mucosal Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XInternational Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108–8639 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Laboratory of Bioresponse Regulation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Satoshi Uematsu
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Innovative Medicine and Mucosal Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XInternational Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108–8639 Japan ,grid.261445.00000 0001 1009 6411Department of Immunology and Genomics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585 Japan
| | - Shizuo Akira
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Laboratory of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Jiro Kitaura
- grid.258269.20000 0004 1762 2738Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Takao Takahashi
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Mucosal Immunology, The University of Tokyo Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639 Japan ,grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan ,grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, CU-UCSD Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy and Vaccines (CU-UCSD cMAV), University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0956 USA ,grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan ,grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670 Japan
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8
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Hayashi Y, Yokomizo Y, Fujiwara Y, Ichi I. The effect of polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiency on allergic response in ovalbumin-immunized mice. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2021; 164:102231. [PMID: 33373962 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are present in biological membranes and influence membrane fluidity and immune responses. PUFAs such as 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3 cannot be synthesized de novo in mammals and are thus called essential fatty acids (EFAs). In addition, PUFAs can be converted to very long-chain PUFAs (VLC-PUFAs), such as arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, in the body. Although avoiding allergens is an effective strategy for food-allergy patients, the dietary exclusion of several allergens reportedly induces deficiencies in essential nutrients such as PUFAs. In this study, we investigated whether an EFA-deficient (EFAD) diet influenced allergic symptoms in ovalbumin (OVA)-immunized mice. Unexpectedly, no exacerbation of immune responses after OVA-sensitization was observed in mice fed an EFAD diet, and no differences in serum PUFA levels between OVA-immunized and non-immunized mice fed the EFAD diet were detected. However, levels of VLC-PUFAs in the small intestine increased after OVA-sensitization and did not decrease during EFAD diet administration, showing that small intestinal VLC-PUFAs levels were strongly preserved in the food-allergy model mice. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms by which small intestinal VLC-PUFAs are retained in food-allergy model mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Hayashi
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Yokomizo
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Fujiwara
- Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; Natural Science Division, Faculty of Core Research, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuyo Ichi
- Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; Natural Science Division, Faculty of Core Research, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan.
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9
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El Ansari YS, Kanagaratham C, Lewis OL, Oettgen HC. IgE and mast cells: The endogenous adjuvant. Adv Immunol 2020; 148:93-153. [PMID: 33190734 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells and IgE are most familiar as the effectors of type I hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis. It is becoming clear however that this pair has important immunomodulatory effects on innate and adaptive cells of the immune system. In this purview, they act as endogenous adjuvants to ignite evolving immune responses, promote the transition of allergic disease into chronic illness and disrupt the development of active mechanisms of tolerance to ingested foods. Suppression of IgE-mediated mast cell activation can be exerted by molecules targeting IgE, FcɛRI or signaling kinases including Syk, or by IgG antibodies acting via inhibitory Fcγ receptors. In 2015 we reviewed the evidence for the adjuvant functions of mast cells. This update includes the original text, incorporates some important developments in the field over the past five years and discusses how interventions targeting these pathways might have promise in the development of strategies to treat allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen S El Ansari
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Cynthia Kanagaratham
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Owen L Lewis
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Hans C Oettgen
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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10
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Mok SWF, Wong VKW, Lo HH, de Seabra Rodrigues Dias IR, Leung ELH, Law BYK, Liu L. Natural products-based polypharmacological modulation of the peripheral immune system for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 208:107480. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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11
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Bruni FM, Coutinho EMM, Andrade-Barros AI, Grund LZ, Lopes-Ferreira M, Lima C. Anaphylaxis induced by Thalassophryne nattereri venom in mice is an IgE/IgG1-mediated, IL-4-dependent phenomenon. Sci Rep 2020; 10:584. [PMID: 31953450 PMCID: PMC6969187 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57231-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that beyond the Thalassophryne nattereri venoms ability to induce in mice a strong specific-Th2 response with high levels of specific IgE/IgG1, it would be able to trigger anaphylaxis in sensitized individuals. To investigate whether the venom is capable of inducing an allergic reaction in mice and characterize soluble and cellular mediators involved in this process, BALB/c female mice were sensitized intraperitoneally with decreasing-dose of venom at weekly intervals for 4 weeks and challenged by intraperitoneal, oral or epicutaneous routes with venom 2 weeks later. Our data show that sensitized-mice challenged by all routes showed intense symptoms of anaphylaxis, dependent on the anaphylactic IgG1 and IgE antibodies and mast cells. The late-phase reaction developed after initial symptoms was characterized by the influx of eosinophils, dependent on IL-5, IL-17A and eotaxin produced by Th2 cells in inflamed lungs and skin draining lymph-nodes. Using C57BL/6 deficient mice we demonstrated that IL-4 KO mice failed to develop anaphylactic symptoms or local Th2 inflammation, producing low levels of IgG1 and increased levels of IgG2a. Together our results demonstrated that the venom of T. nattereri has allergenic proteins that can trigger an allergic process, a phenomenon IgE-IgG1 dependent, IL-4-mediated and negatively regulated by IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Miriane Bruni
- Immunoregulation Unit, Special Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lidiane Zito Grund
- Immunoregulation Unit, Special Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Lopes-Ferreira
- Immunoregulation Unit, Special Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Lima
- Immunoregulation Unit, Special Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
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12
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Cardoso C, Provinciatto P, Godoi D, Fonseca M, Ferreira B, Teixeira G, Cunha F, Pinzan C, da Silva J. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT-6) mediates Th2 inflammation and tissue damage in a murine model of peanut-induced food allergy. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2019; 47:535-543. [PMID: 31196774 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Food allergies are inflammatory conditions mediated by Th2 and probably STAT-6 dependent immune responses. OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Here we investigated the role of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 6 (STAT-6) in development of inflammation in peanut allergy. METHODS To induce food allergy, wild-type (WT) and mice deficient for STAT-6 (Stat6-/-) were sensitized with peanut proteins and challenged with peanut seeds. RESULTS WT animals lost weight and refused the peanut diet, in contrast to Stat6-/- mice, which had a better maintenance of body weight and more regular seeds' consumption. The augmented peanut-specific IgG, IgG1 and IgE in the allergic WT was abolished in Stat6-/- animals that also presented increased IgG2a. There was an overall reduction in the gut mediators in the absence of STAT-6, including those related to inflammatory and Th2 responses, in contrast to a rising counter regulatory and Th1 reaction in Stat-6-/- mice. These animals had IFN-γ and IL-10 similar to WT after the four-week challenge. Most interestingly, Stat-6-/- mice had no intestinal damage, in contrast to WT animals, which had inflammatory infiltrate, tissue destruction, epithelial exulceration, edema, congestion and loss of villous architecture in the small gut segments. CONCLUSIONS STAT-6 plays an important role in the establishment of the Th2 inflammatory responses and intestinal damage in peanut allergy.
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Sharma S, Tomar S, Dharne M, Ganesan V, Smith A, Yang Y, Waggoner L, Wang YH, Hogan SP. Deletion of ΔdblGata motif leads to increased predisposition and severity of IgE-mediated food-induced anaphylaxis response. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219375. [PMID: 31369572 PMCID: PMC6675080 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have revealed an important role for the transcription factor GATA-1 in mast cell maturation and degranulation. However, there have been conflicting reports with respect to the requirement of GATA-1 function in mast cell dependent inflammatory processes. Herein, we examine the requirement of GATA-1 signaling in mast cell effector function and IgE-mast cell-dependent anaphylaxis. OBJECTIVE To study the requirement of GATA-1 dependent signaling in the development and severity of IgE-mast cell-dependent anaphylaxis in mice. METHODS Wild type (Balb/c) and mutant ΔdblGata (Balb/c) mice were employed to study the role of GATA-1 signaling in in vitro IgE-mediated activation of bone marrow derived mast cells (BMMCs). Murine models of passive IgE-mediated and oral antigen-induced IgE-mediated anaphylaxis were employed in mice. Frequency of steady state mast cells in various tissues (duodenum, ear, and tongue), peritoneal cavity, and clinical symptoms (diarrhea, shock, and mast cell activation) and intestinal Type 2 immune cell analysis including CD4+ Th2 cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), and IL-9 secreting mucosal mast cells (MMC9) were assessed. RESULTS In vitro analysis revealed that ΔdblGata BMMCs exhibit a reduced maturation rate, decreased expression of FcεRIα, and degranulation capacity when compared to their wildtype (WT) counterparts. These in vitro differences did not impact tissue resident mast cell numbers, total IgE, and susceptibility to or severity of IgE-mediated passive anaphylaxis. Surprisingly, ΔdblGata mice were more susceptible to IgE-mast cell-mediated oral antigen induced anaphylaxis. The increased allergic response was associated with increased Type 2 immunity (antigen-specific IgE, and CD4+ TH2 cells), MMC9 cells and small intestine (SI) mast cell load. CONCLUSION Diminished GATA-1 activity results in reduced in vitro mast cell FcεRIα expression, proliferation, and degranulation activity. However, in vivo, diminished GATA-1 activity results in normal homeostatic tissue mast cell levels and increased antigen-induced CD4+ Th2 and iMMC9 cell levels and heightened IgE-mast cell mediated reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sribava Sharma
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Immunobiology graduate program, Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Sunil Tomar
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center, Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Mayuri Dharne
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Varsha Ganesan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center, Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Andrew Smith
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Yanfen Yang
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Lisa Waggoner
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Yui-Hsi Wang
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Simon P. Hogan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Mary H Weiser Food Allergy Center, Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
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14
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Tokuhara D, Kurashima Y, Kamioka M, Nakayama T, Ernst P, Kiyono H. A comprehensive understanding of the gut mucosal immune system in allergic inflammation. Allergol Int 2019; 68:17-25. [PMID: 30366757 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its direct exposure to huge amounts of microorganisms and foreign and dietary antigens, the gut mucosa maintains intestinal homeostasis by utilizing the mucosal immune system. The gut mucosal immune system protects the host from the invasion of infectious pathogens and eliminates harmful non-self antigens, but it allows the cohabitation of commensal bacteria in the gut and the entry of dietary non-self antigens into the body via the mucosal surface. These physiological and immunological activities are regulated by the ingenious gut mucosal immune network, comprising such features as gut-associated lymphoid tissue, mucosal immune cells, cytokines, chemokines, antimicrobial peptides, secretory IgA, and commensal bacteria. The gut mucosal immune network keeps a fine tuned balance between active immunity (against pathogens and harmful non-self antigens) and immune tolerance (to commensal microbiota and dietary antigens), thus maintaining intestinal healthy homeostasis. Disruption of gut homeostasis results in persistent or severe gastrointestinal infection, inflammatory bowel disease, or allergic inflammation. In this review, we comprehensively introduce current knowledge of the gut mucosal immune system, focusing on its interaction with allergic inflammation.
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15
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Naramore S, Gupta SK. Nonesophageal Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders: Clinical Care and Future Directions. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2018; 67:318-321. [PMID: 29851758 PMCID: PMC6743078 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000002040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders are a set of conditions with a wide range of clinical manifestations and treatment modalities. The disorders are suspected to result from an abnormal inflammatory response to allergen (s), and individuals may develop a relapsing or chronic disease, if the allergen is not eliminated. Mechanisms of disease pathogenesis, including the humoral immune response, need to be fully elucidated. A variety of therapies are used, although there is a lack of well-defined randomized, prospective studies. Other therapeutic options are needed as the current treatments have potential concerns; elimination diets may impair a child's quality of life, and corticosteroids have adverse risks with long-term use. We review what is known about nonesophageal eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders, and discuss research investigations which need to be conducted to facilitate diagnosis and enhance treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Naramore
- Sections of Pediatric Gastroenterology/Hepatology/Nutrition, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Sandeep K. Gupta
- Children’s Hospital of Illinois/University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, IL
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16
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Gürsoy S, Koçkar T, Atik SU, Önal Z, Önal H, Adal E. Autoimmunity and intestinal colonization by Candida albicans in patients with type 1 diabetes at the time of the diagnosis. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2018; 61:217-220. [PMID: 30032588 PMCID: PMC6106689 DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2018.61.7.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic and immune-mediated disease, which is characterized by the progressive destruction of pancreatic beta cells. T1DM precipitates in genetically susceptible individuals through environmental factors. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of autoimmunity and intestinal colonization of Candida albicans on the development of T1DM. METHODS Forty-two patients newly diagnosed with T1DM and 42 healthy subjects were included in this monocentric study. The basic and clinical characteristics of the patients were recorded. T1DM-, thyroid-, and celiac-associated antibodies were evaluated. Stool cultures for C. albicans were performed to assess whether or not gut integrity was impaired in patients with T1DM. RESULTS The evaluation of T1DM- and thyroid-associated antibodies showed that the prevalences of islet cell antibodies and antithyroperoxidase positivity were higher in the study patients than in the patients in the control group. Furthermore, the direct examination and culture of fresh stool samples revealed that 50% of the patients with T1DM and 23.8% of the control subjects had fungi (C. albicans). CONCLUSION Through this study, we suggest that the presence of intestinal C. albicans colonization at the time of the diagnosis of T1DM may indicate impairment of normal intestinal microbiota. We also suggest that there may be a tendency of T1DM in patients with a high prevalence of intestinal C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semra Gürsoy
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuba Koçkar
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezen Ugan Atik
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zerrin Önal
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasan Önal
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Disease, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdal Adal
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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17
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Toyoshima S, Wakamatsu E, Ishida Y, Obata Y, Kurashima Y, Kiyono H, Abe R. The spleen is the site where mast cells are induced in the development of food allergy. Int Immunol 2017; 29:31-45. [PMID: 28177443 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxx005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that splenic immune responses play pivotal roles in the development of allergic diseases; however, the precise role of the spleen remains unclear. Herein, we demonstrated a novel role of the spleen in the pathogenesis of food allergy (FA). We found that mast cells (MCs) developed from progenitor cells present in spleen during an antigen-specific T-cell response in vitro. In a Th2 response-mediated FA model, significant expansion of MCs was also observed in spleen. The incidence of allergic diarrhea was profoundly reduced in splenectomized mice, whereas adoptive transfer of in vitro-induced splenic MCs into these mice restored allergic symptoms, suggesting that the splenic MCs functioned as the pathogenic cells in the development of FA. The in vitro-generated MCs required not only IL-3 but also IFN-γ, and treatment of FA-induced mice with anti-IFN-γ antibody suppressed expansion of MCs in spleen as well as diarrhea development, highlighting that IFN-γ in the spleen orchestrated the development of FA, which was followed by a Th2 response in the local lesion. Overall, we propose that the role of the spleen in the development of FA is to provide a unique site where antigen-specific T cells induce development of pathogenic MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Toyoshima
- Division of Immunobiology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki 2669, Noda, Chiba 278-0022, Japan.,Allergy and Immunology Project Group, Research Institute of Medical Science, Center for Institutional Research and Medical Education, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Ei Wakamatsu
- Division of Immunobiology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki 2669, Noda, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ishida
- Department of Pathology, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Ichihara, Chiba 299-0111, Japan
| | - Yuuki Obata
- Division of Immunobiology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki 2669, Noda, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kurashima
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology.,International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.,Department of Innovative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine.,Institute for Global Prominent Research.,Departments of Mucosal Immunology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology.,International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.,Departments of Mucosal Immunology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Ryo Abe
- Division of Immunobiology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki 2669, Noda, Chiba 278-0022, Japan
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18
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Manohar M, Verma AK, Upparahalli Venkateshaiah S, Goyal H, Mishra A. Food-Induced Acute Pancreatitis. Dig Dis Sci 2017; 62:3287-3297. [PMID: 29086330 PMCID: PMC5718054 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-017-4817-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy, a commonly increasing problem worldwide, defined as an adverse immune response to food. A variety of immune-related effector cells such as mast cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, and T cells are involved in food-related allergic responses categorized as IgE mediated, non-IgE mediated, and mixed (IgE and non-IgE) depending upon underlying immunological mechanisms. The dietary antigens mainly target the gastrointestinal tract including pancreas that gets inflamed due to food allergy and leads acute pancreatitis. Reports indicate several food proteins induce pancreatitis; however, detailed underlying mechanism of food-induced pancreatitis is unexplored. The aim of the review is to understand and update the current scenario of food-induced pancreatitis. A comprehensive literature search of relevant research articles has been performed through PubMed, and articles were chosen based on their relevance to food allergen-mediated pancreatitis. Several cases in the literature indicate that acute pancreatitis has been provoked after the consumption of mustard, milk, egg, banana, fish, and kiwi fruits. Food-induced pancreatitis is an ignored and unexplored area of research. The review highlights the significance of food in the development of pancreatitis and draws the attention of physicians and scientists to consider food allergies as a possible cause for initiation of pancreatitis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murli Manohar
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Tulane Eosinophilic Disorders Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Alok K Verma
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Tulane Eosinophilic Disorders Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Sathisha Upparahalli Venkateshaiah
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Tulane Eosinophilic Disorders Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Hemant Goyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mercer University School of Medicine, 707 Pine St., Macon, GA, 31201, USA
| | - Anil Mishra
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Tulane Eosinophilic Disorders Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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19
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Goswami R, Kaplan M. STAT Transcription Factors in T Cell Control of Health and Disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 331:123-180. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Burton OT, Stranks AJ, Tamayo JM, Koleoglou KJ, Schwartz LB, Oettgen HC. A humanized mouse model of anaphylactic peanut allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 139:314-322.e9. [PMID: 27417025 PMCID: PMC5145786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food allergy is a growing health problem with very limited treatment options. Investigation of the immunologic pathways underlying allergic sensitization to foods in humans has been greatly constrained by the limited availability of intestinal tissue and gut-resident immune cells. Although mouse models have offered insights into pathways of food sensitization, differences between rodent and human immune physiology limit the extension of these findings to our understanding of human disease. OBJECTIVE We sought to develop a strategy for the generation of mice with humanized adaptive immune systems, complete with tissue engraftment by human mast cells that are competent to mount specific IgE-mediated responses and drive systemic anaphylaxis on ingestion challenge. METHODS Nonobese diabetic severe combined immunodeficient mice lacking the cytokine receptor common gamma chain (γc-/-) and carrying a human stem cell factor transgene were engrafted with human hematopoietic stem cells. The impact of peanut (PN) feeding and IgE neutralization on the development of immune responses, mast cell homeostasis, and anaphylactic food allergy was assessed in these animals. RESULTS Humanized nonobese diabetic severe combined immunodeficient common gamma chain-deficient stem cell factor (huNSG) mice exhibited robust engraftment with functional human T and B lymphocytes and human mast cells were found in significant numbers in their tissues, including the intestinal mucosa. Following gavage feeding with PN, they mounted specific antibody responses, including PN-specific IgE. When enterally challenged with PN, they exhibited mast-cell-mediated systemic anaphylaxis, as indicated by hypothermia and increases in plasma tryptase levels. Anti-IgE (omalizumab) treatment ablated this anaphylactic response. CONCLUSIONS huNSG mice provide a novel tool for studying food allergy and IgE-mediated anaphylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver T Burton
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| | - Amanda J Stranks
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Jaciel M Tamayo
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Kyle J Koleoglou
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Lawrence B Schwartz
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology and the Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va
| | - Hans C Oettgen
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
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21
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Lee JB. Regulation of IgE-Mediated Food Allergy by IL-9 Producing Mucosal Mast Cells and Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells. Immune Netw 2016; 16:211-8. [PMID: 27574500 PMCID: PMC5002447 DOI: 10.4110/in.2016.16.4.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing prevalence and number of life-threatening cases, food allergy has emerged as a major health concern. The classic immune response seen during food allergy is allergen-specific IgE sensitization and hypersensitivity reactions to foods occur in the effector phase with often severe and deleterious outcomes. Recent research has advanced understanding of the immunological mechanisms occurring during the effector phase of allergic reactions to ingested food. Therefore, this review will not only cover the mucosal immune system of the gastrointestinal tract and the immunological mechanisms underlying IgE-mediated food allergy, but will also introduce cells recently identified to have a role in the hypersensitivity reaction to food allergens. These include IL-9 producing mucosal mast cells (MMC9s) and type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). The involvement of these cell types in potentiating the type 2 immune response and developing the anaphylactic response to food allergens will be discussed. In addition, it has become apparent that there is a collaboration between these cells that contributes to an individual's susceptibility to IgE-mediated food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Boong Lee
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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Krishnamurthy P, Kaplan MH. STAT6 and PARP Family Members in the Development of T Cell-dependent Allergic Inflammation. Immune Netw 2016; 16:201-10. [PMID: 27574499 PMCID: PMC5002446 DOI: 10.4110/in.2016.16.4.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic inflammation requires the orchestration of altered gene expression in the target tissue and in the infiltrating immune cells. The transcription factor STAT6 is critical in activating cytokine gene expression and cytokine signaling both in the immune cells and in target tissue cells including airway epithelia, keratinocytes and esophageal epithelial cells. STAT6 is activated by the cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 to mediate the pathogenesis of allergic disorders such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, food allergy and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). In this review, we summarize the role of STAT6 in allergic diseases, its interaction with the co-factor PARP14 and the molecular mechanisms by which STAT6 and PARP14 regulate gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purna Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pediatrics, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mark H Kaplan
- Department of Pediatrics, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Yamamoto T, Fujiwara K, Tsubota Y, Kageyama-Yahara N, Hayashi S, Kadowaki M. Induction of Regulatory T Cells as a Novel Mechanism Underlying the Therapeutic Action of Kakkonto, a Traditional Japanese Herbal Medicine, in a Murine Food Allergy Model. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2016; 169:146-56. [DOI: 10.1159/000445433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Dionísio de Sousa IJ, Bonito N, Pais A, Gervásio H. Eosinophilic colitis. BMJ Case Rep 2016; 2016:bcr-2016-214496. [PMID: 26957036 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2016-214496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A 57-year-old man, diagnosed with colon cancer stage III in July/2010, underwent surgery and received adjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFOX 4 (5-fluorouracil; calcium folinate and oxaliplatin), which ended in March/2011 after 12-cycles. It was then decided to maintain periodical surveillance. About 1 year later, the patient developed several episodes of diarrhoea, mainly during the night, and presented persistent peripheral eosinophilia in the blood count (range 585-1300 eosinophils/µL). Colonoscopy was performed, with the histological result showing eosinophilic infiltration of the colon, compatible with eosinophilic colitis. The patient was treated with a short course of budesonide, achieving resolution of symptoms, and has remained asymptomatic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nuno Bonito
- Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Pais
- Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Helena Gervásio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil, Coimbra, Portugal
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Cheng CH, Wu HY, Wu CF, Jan TR. Pacific oyster-derived polysaccharides attenuate allergen-induced intestinal inflammation in a murine model of food allergy. J Food Drug Anal 2016; 24:121-128. [PMID: 28911394 PMCID: PMC9345417 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
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Shin HS, See HJ, Jung SY, Choi DW, Kwon DA, Bae MJ, Sung KS, Shon DH. Turmeric (Curcuma longa) attenuates food allergy symptoms by regulating type 1/type 2 helper T cells (Th1/Th2) balance in a mouse model of food allergy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 175:21-29. [PMID: 26342520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Turmeric (Curcuma longa) has traditionally been used to treat pain, fever, allergic and inflammatory diseases such as bronchitis, arthritis, and dermatitis. In particular, turmeric and its active component, curcumin, were effective in ameliorating immune disorders including allergies. However, the effects of turmeric and curcumin have not yet been tested on food allergies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were immunized with intraperitoneal ovalbumin (OVA) and alum. The mice were orally challenged with 50mg OVA, and treated with turmeric extract (100mg/kg), curcumin (3mg/kg or 30 mg/kg) for 16 days. Food allergy symptoms including decreased rectal temperature, diarrhea, and anaphylaxis were evaluated. In addition, cytokines, immunoglobulins, and mouse mast cell protease-1 (mMCP-1) were evaluated using ELISA. RESULTS Turmeric significantly attenuated food allergy symptoms (decreased rectal temperature and anaphylactic response) induced by OVA, but curcumin showed weak improvement. Turmeric also inhibited IgE, IgG1, and mMCP-1 levels increased by OVA. Turmeric reduced type 2 helper cell (Th2)-related cytokines and enhanced a Th1-related cytokine. Turmeric ameliorated OVA-induced food allergy by maintaining Th1/Th2 balance. Furthermore, turmeric was confirmed anti-allergic effect through promoting Th1 responses on Th2-dominant immune responses in immunized mice. CONCLUSION Turmeric significantly ameliorated food allergic symptoms in a mouse model of food allergy. The turmeric as an anti-allergic agent showed immune regulatory effects through maintaining Th1/Th2 immune balance, whereas curcumin appeared immune suppressive effects. Therefore, we suggest that administration of turmeric including various components may be useful to ameliorate Th2-mediated allergic disorders such as food allergy, atopic dermatitis, and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Soon Shin
- Korea Food Research Institute, 1201-62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea; Food Biotechnology Program, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jeong See
- Korea Food Research Institute, 1201-62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Jung
- Korea Food Research Institute, 1201-62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Woon Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute, 1201-62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Ae Kwon
- Korea Food Research Institute, 1201-62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Bae
- Institutes of Entrepreneurial BioConvergence, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Seung Sung
- Korea Food Research Institute, 1201-62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hwa Shon
- Korea Food Research Institute, 1201-62, Anyangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi-do 463-746, Republic of Korea; Food Biotechnology Program, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea.
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Induction of Interleukin-9-Producing Mucosal Mast Cells Promotes Susceptibility to IgE-Mediated Experimental Food Allergy. Immunity 2015; 43:788-802. [PMID: 26410628 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Experimental IgE-mediated food allergy depends on intestinal anaphylaxis driven by interleukin-9 (IL-9). However, the primary cellular source of IL-9 and the mechanisms underlying the susceptibility to food-induced intestinal anaphylaxis remain unclear. Herein, we have reported the identification of multifunctional IL-9-producing mucosal mast cells (MMC9s) that can secrete prodigious amounts of IL-9 and IL-13 in response to IL-33, and mast cell protease-1 (MCPt-1) in response to antigen and IgE complex crosslinking, respectively. Repeated intragastric antigen challenge induced MMC9 development that required T cells, IL-4, and STAT6 transcription factor, but not IL-9 signals. Mice ablated of MMC9 induction failed to develop intestinal mastocytosis, which resulted in decreased food allergy symptoms that could be restored by adoptively transferred MMC9s. Finally, atopic patients that developed food allergy displayed increased intestinal expression of Il9- and MC-specific transcripts. Thus, the induction of MMC9s is a pivotal step to acquire the susceptibility to IgE-mediated food allergy.
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Dietary ω3 fatty acid exerts anti-allergic effect through the conversion to 17,18-epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid in the gut. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9750. [PMID: 26065911 PMCID: PMC4464255 DOI: 10.1038/srep09750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory properties, but the immune-metabolic progression from dietary oil remains to be investigated. Here we identified 17,18-epoxyeicostetraenoic acid (17,18-EpETE) as an anti-allergic metabolite generated in the gut from dietary ω3 α-linolenic acid (ALA). Biochemical and imaging mass spectrometry analyses revealed increased ALA and its metabolites, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), in the intestines of mice receiving ALA-rich linseed oil (Lin-mice). In murine food allergy model, the decreased incidence of allergic diarrhea in Lin-mice was due to impairment of mast cell degranulation without affecting allergen-specific serum IgE. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry-based mediator lipidomics identified 17,18-EpETE as a major ω3 EPA-derived metabolite generated from dietary ALA in the gut, and 17,18-EpETE exhibits anti-allergic function when administered in vivo. These findings suggest that metabolizing dietary ω3 PUFAs generates 17,18-EpETE, which is an endogenous anti-allergic metabolite and potentially is a therapeutic target to control intestinal allergies.
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Villanueva MS, Alimi Y. Microscopic colitis (lymphocytic and collagenous), eosinophilic colitis, and celiac disease. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2015; 28:118-26. [PMID: 26034409 PMCID: PMC4442721 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1549365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple tests are needed to diagnose a patient with noninfectious diarrhea. Some patients will be mistakenly labeled as diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) because of nonspecific computed tomographic scans and grossly normal endoscopic findings. It is crucial to understand other less common pathologies to avoid these instances of misdiagnosis. This article focuses on microscopic colitis (MC), eosinophilic colitis (EC), and celiac disease. MC is an inflammatory condition of the colon that presents with two subtypes, only to be differentiated by histology. EC is a rare chronic inflammatory process. Depending on the extent of the disease, it can present with mild diarrhea, malabsorption, or at its worst, cause obstruction and perforation. Celiac disease affects the small bowel, but interestingly can present similarly to colitis. Both MC and EC respond to oral budesonide. Patients with celiac disease improve on gluten-free diets. These treatments are distinctly different from typical IBS-D care plans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yewande Alimi
- Georgetown University Hospital, Department of Surgery, Washington, District of Columbia
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30
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31
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Mucosal Eosinophils. Mucosal Immunol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-415847-4.00044-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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32
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Nakajima-Adachi H, Kikuchi A, Fujimura Y, Shibahara K, Makino T, Goseki-Sone M, Kihara-Fujioka M, Nochi T, Kurashima Y, Igarashi O, Yamamoto M, Kunisawa J, Toda M, Kaminogawa S, Sato R, Kiyono H, Hachimura S. Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes cooperatively promote enteropathy in a mouse model of food allergy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107492. [PMID: 25290461 PMCID: PMC4188560 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective To improve the efficacy and safety of tolerance induction for food allergies, identifying the tissues responsible for inducing intestinal inflammation and subsequent oral tolerance is important. We used OVA23-3 mice, which express an ovalbumin-specific T-cell receptor, to elucidate the roles of local and systemic immune tissues in intestinal inflammation. Methods and Results OVA23-3 mice developed marked enteropathy after consuming a diet containing egg white (EW diet) for 10 days but overcame the enteropathy (despite continued moderate inflammation) after receiving EW diet for a total of 28 days. Injecting mice with anti-IL-4 antibody or cyclosporine A confirmed the involvement of Th2 cells in the development of the enteropathy. To assess the individual contributions of Peyer’s patches (PPs), mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), and the spleen to the generation of effector CD4+ T-cells, we analyzed the IL-4 production, proliferation in response to ovalbumin, and CD4+ T-cell numbers of these tissues. EW feeding for 10 days induced significant IL-4 production in PPs, the infiltration of numerous CD4+ T-cells into MLNs, and a decrease in CD4+ T-cell numbers in spleen. On day 28, CD4+ T-cells from all tissues had attenuated responses to ovalbumin, suggesting tolerance acquisition, although MLN CD4+ T-cells still maintained IL-4 production with proliferation. In addition, removal of MLNs but not the spleen decreased the severity of enteropathy and PP-disrupted mice showed delayed onset of EW-induced inflammatory responses. Disruption of peripheral lymphoid tissues or of both PPs and MLNs almost completely prevented the enteropathy. Conclusions PPs and MLNs coordinately promote enteropathy by generating effector T-cells during the initial and exacerbated phases, respectively; the spleen is dispensable for enteropathy and shows tolerogenic responses throughout EW-feeding. The regulation of PPs may suppress the initiation of intestinal inflammation, subsequently restricting MLNs and inhibiting the progression of food-allergic enteropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruyo Nakajima-Adachi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Akira Kikuchi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Fujimura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Shibahara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Makino
- Biotechnical Center (BT Center), Japan SLC, Inc., Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masae Goseki-Sone
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women’s University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miran Kihara-Fujioka
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nochi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kurashima
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Igarashi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yamamoto
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masako Toda
- Vice President’s Research Group “Molecular Allergology”, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Shuichi Kaminogawa
- Department of Food Bioscience and Biotechnology, Nihon University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Sato
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Medical Genome Science, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hachimura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Wang JH, Fan SW, Zhu WY. Development of Gut Microbiota in a Mouse Model of Ovalbumin-induced Allergic Diarrhea under Sub-barrier System. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 26:545-51. [PMID: 25049821 PMCID: PMC4093381 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to present a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA) induced allergic diarrhea under a sub-barrier system and investigate the development of gut microbiota in this model. Male BALB/c mice were systemically sensitized with OVA or sham-sensitized with saline, and followed by oral OVA intubation, leading to OVA-specific acute diarrhea. Compared with sham-sensitized mice, sera OVA-specific IgG1 and total IgE in OVA-sensitized mice were dramatically elevated, and the number of mast cells was greatly increased in the jejunum of the OVA-sensitized mice. Principle component analysis of the DGGE profile showed that samples from group of OVA-sensitized mice and group of sham-sensitized mice were scattered into two different regions. Real-time PCR analysis showed that the number of 16S rRNA gene copies of Lactobacillus in the colon of OVA-sensitized mice decreased significantly, while there was no significant difference in the number of Bifidobacterium and total bacteria. In conclusion, OVA-specific allergic diarrhea was successfully induced under a sub-barrier system, and changes of allergic reactions during induction was coupled with changes in gut microbiota, especially the number of colonic Lactobacillus, but the role of gut microbiota in the development of food allergic reactions needs to be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Hong Wang
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Song-Wei Fan
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei-Yun Zhu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Glosson NL, Bruns HA, Kaplan MH. Wheezing and itching: The requirement for STAT proteins in allergic inflammation. JAKSTAT 2014; 1:3-12. [PMID: 24058746 PMCID: PMC3670132 DOI: 10.4161/jkst.19086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of allergic inflammation requires the orchestration of gene expression from the inflamed tissue and from the infiltrating immune cells. Since many of the cytokines that promote allergic inflammation signal through hematopoietin family receptors, the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) family have obligate roles in pro-allergic cytokine-induced gene regulation in multiple cell types. In this review, we summarize work defining the contribution of each of the STAT family members to the development of allergic inflammation, using data from mouse models of allergic inflammation, studies on patient samples and correlations with single nucleotide polymorphisms in STAT genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Glosson
- Department of Pediatrics; Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research; Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis, IN USA
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New era for mucosal mast cells: their roles in inflammation, allergic immune responses and adjuvant development. Exp Mol Med 2014; 46:e83. [PMID: 24626169 PMCID: PMC3972796 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2014.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To achieve immune homeostasis in such a harsh environment as the intestinal mucosa, both active and quiescent immunity operate simultaneously. Disruption of gut immune homeostasis leads to the development of intestinal immune diseases such as colitis and food allergies. Among various intestinal innate immune cells, mast cells (MCs) play critical roles in protective immunity against pathogenic microorganisms, especially at mucosal sites. This suggests the potential for a novel MC-targeting type of vaccine adjuvant. Dysregulated activation of MCs also results in inflammatory responses in mucosal compartments. The regulation of this yin and yang function of MCs remains to be elucidated. In this review, we focus on the roles of mucosal MCs in the regulation of intestinal allergic reaction, inflammation and their potential as a new target for the development of mucosal adjuvants.
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Alfadda AA, Shaffer EA, Urbanski SJ, Storr MA. Eosinophilic colitis is a sporadic self-limited disease of middle-aged people: a population-based study. Colorectal Dis 2014; 16:123-9. [PMID: 24138295 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Eosinophilic colitis (EC) is a rare manifestation of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders. Due to its rarity, little information is available on its natural history. METHOD From the single population-based pathology database of the Calgary Health Region (comprising a population of 1.28 million in 2008), cases of EC during the period 1996-2008 were identified. Medical records of all adults diagnosed with EC were identified and the pathology reviewed. The patients were then contacted for follow-up using a standardized questionnaire. RESULTS Seven cases of EC (four in women) were identified, with a median follow-up of 45 (23-79) months. The median age at diagnosis was 42 (22-70) years. Symptoms at diagnosis were abdominal pain (86%), nonbloody diarrhoea (57%), bloody diarrhoea (29%) and significant (>10%) weight loss (29%). Three patients gave a history of allergic reactions to drugs and four reported allergy to cows' milk. Endoscopic findings were nonspecific, ranging from oedema to small aphthous ulceration. An eosinophilic infiltrate was identified in the lamina propria in the initial colonic biopsy in all patients. Over the longer term, three patients experienced spontaneous resolution without treatment. Two continued to have mild diarrhoea and abdominal cramps but did not require medical therapy. Two patients required medical treatment by 5-aminosalicylic acid, with one requiring prednisone and azathioprine maintenance therapy. CONCLUSION Eosinophilic colitis is a rare mostly self-limiting disease affecting middle-aged adults. It usually has a mild clinical course and drug treatment is not usually necessary. When required, drug treatment follows the standard medication for other inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Alfadda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Shibahara K, Nakajima-Adachi H, Kaminuma O, Hiroi T, Mori A, Hachimura S. Food Allergen-induced IgE Response Mouse Model Created by Injection of in vitro Differentiated Th2 Cell Culture and Oral Antigen Intake. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH 2014; 33:41-6. [PMID: 24936381 PMCID: PMC4034324 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.33.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (Ig) E is a mediator of food allergic reaction; however, the mechanisms of
its production in response to an ingested antigen are not fully understood. For analysis
of IgE production, here we propose an IgE response mouse model created by injection of a
Th2 cell culture and feeding of an egg white diet. According to this manipulation, total
and ovalbumin specific IgE production were elevated in this model. We think our model
enables us to analyze IgE induction by Th2 cells in food allergy and can contribute to the
development of a treatment for food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Shibahara
- Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan ; Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Haruyo Nakajima-Adachi
- Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaminuma
- Department of Genome Medicine, Pollen Allergy Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6, Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Takachika Hiroi
- Department of Genome Medicine, Pollen Allergy Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6, Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Akio Mori
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara National Hospital, 18-1 Sakuradai, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa 252-0392, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hachimura
- Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan ; Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Yamamoto T, Kodama T, Lee J, Utsunomiya N, Hayashi S, Sakamoto H, Kuramoto H, Kadowaki M. Anti-allergic role of cholinergic neuronal pathway via α7 nicotinic ACh receptors on mucosal mast cells in a murine food allergy model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85888. [PMID: 24454942 PMCID: PMC3894205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of food allergy (FA) has increased in developed countries over the past few decades. However, no effective drug therapies are currently available. Therefore, we investigated cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway as a regulatory system to ameliorate disrupted mucosal immune homeostasis in the gut based on the pathophysiological elucidation of mucosal mast cells (MMCs) in a murine FA model. BALB/c mice sensitized with ovalbumin received repeated oral ovalbumin for the development of FA. FA mice developed severe allergic diarrhea and exhibited enhanced type 2 helper T (Th2) cell immune responses in both systemic immunity and mucosal immunity, along with MMCs hyperplasia in the colon. MMCs were localized primarily in the strategic position of the mucosal epithelium. Furthermore, the allergic symptoms did not develop in p85α disrupted phosphoinositide-3 kinase-deficient mice that lacked mast cells in the gut. Vagal stimulation by 2-deoxy-D-glucose and drug treatment with nicotinic ACh receptor (nAChR) agonists (nicotine and α7 nAChR agonist GTS-21) alleviated the allergic symptoms in the FA mice. Nicotine treatment suppressed MMCs hyperplasia, enhanced MPO and upregulated mRNA expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the FA mice colon. MMCs, which are negatively regulated by α7 nAChRs, were often located in close proximity to cholinergic CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the FA mice colon. The present results reveal that the cholinergic neuroimmune interaction via α7 nAChRs on MMCs is largely involved in maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis and can be a target for a new therapy against mucosal immune diseases with homeostatic disturbances such as FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yamamoto
- Division of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Kodama
- Division of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Jaemin Lee
- Division of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Naho Utsunomiya
- Division of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shusaku Hayashi
- Division of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakamoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, Fujikawaguchiko, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kuramoto
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Kadowaki
- Division of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Lamichhane A, Kiyono H, Kunisawa J. Nutritional components regulate the gut immune system and its association with intestinal immune disease development. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 28 Suppl 4:18-24. [PMID: 24251698 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The gut is equipped with a unique immune system for maintaining immunological homeostasis, and its functional immune disruption can result in the development of immune diseases such as food allergy and intestinal inflammation. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that nutritional components play an important role in the regulation of gut immune responses and also in the development of intestinal immune diseases. In this review, we focus on the immunological functions of lipids, vitamins, and nucleotides in the regulation of the intestinal immune system and as potential targets for the control of intestinal immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayam Lamichhane
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan; Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Osaka, Japan
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Reciprocal interference of experimental dyslipidemia and food allergy in the evolution of both diseases. ISRN ALLERGY 2013; 2013:545184. [PMID: 23840965 PMCID: PMC3690233 DOI: 10.1155/2013/545184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Food allergies have been shown to reduce serum triacylglycerol, glucose, cholesterol, and free fatty acid levels in mice. In turn, dyslipidemias, especially dyslipidemias presenting with low levels of HDL cholesterol, are important risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis. However, the consequences of food allergies on dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis have not been fully investigated. Methods. Food allergy was induced using an egg white solution (EWS) in ovalbumin- (OVA-) sensitized C57BL/6 and low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice (LDLr−/−) for 5 weeks and was confirmed by the high production of anti-OVA IgE and IgG1 antibodies in both mouse strains. Results. The allergic C57BL/6 mice exhibited EWS aversion that was associated with less visceral fat and high levels of anti-Ova IgE antibodies after 5 weeks of EWS intake compared to controls. However, LDLr−/− allergic mice showed reduced anti-Ova IgE levels that were similar to the nonsensitized group. The LDLr−/− allergic mice also demonstrated a reversal of food aversion and sustained visceral fat after 5 weeks of allergy. Although HDL cholesterol levels were reduced in both sensitized mouse strains, lipid deposition in thoracic and abdominal aorta as well as area and composition of atherosclerotic plaques as unaffected by chronic ingestion of EWS. Conclusion. LDLr−/− mice develop an attenuated food allergy, as they showed a reversal of food aversion and lower IgE production after 5 weeks of induced allergy. The development of atherosclerosis, in turn, was not accelerated in the allergic LDLr−/− group despite the more atherogenic lipid profile.
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Atarashi K, Tanoue T, Oshima K, Suda W, Nagano Y, Nishikawa H, Fukuda S, Saito T, Narushima S, Hase K, Kim S, Fritz JV, Wilmes P, Ueha S, Matsushima K, Ohno H, Olle B, Sakaguchi S, Taniguchi T, Morita H, Hattori M, Honda K. Treg induction by a rationally selected mixture of Clostridia strains from the human microbiota. Nature 2013; 500:232-6. [PMID: 23842501 DOI: 10.1038/nature12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1987] [Impact Index Per Article: 180.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of the gut microbiota holds great promise for the treatment of inflammatory and allergic diseases. Although numerous probiotic microorganisms have been identified, there remains a compelling need to discover organisms that elicit more robust therapeutic responses, are compatible with the host, and can affect a specific arm of the host immune system in a well-controlled, physiological manner. Here we use a rational approach to isolate CD4(+)FOXP3(+) regulatory T (Treg)-cell-inducing bacterial strains from the human indigenous microbiota. Starting with a healthy human faecal sample, a sequence of selection steps was applied to obtain mice colonized with human microbiota enriched in Treg-cell-inducing species. From these mice, we isolated and selected 17 strains of bacteria on the basis of their high potency in enhancing Treg cell abundance and inducing important anti-inflammatory molecules--including interleukin-10 (IL-) and inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS)--in Treg cells upon inoculation into germ-free mice. Genome sequencing revealed that the 17 strains fall within clusters IV, XIVa and XVIII of Clostridia, which lack prominent toxins and virulence factors. The 17 strains act as a community to provide bacterial antigens and a TGF-β-rich environment to help expansion and differentiation of Treg cells. Oral administration of the combination of 17 strains to adult mice attenuated disease in models of colitis and allergic diarrhoea. Use of the isolated strains may allow for tailored therapeutic manipulation of human immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Atarashi
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS-RCAI), 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
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Yen EF, Pardi DS. Non-IBD colitides (eosinophilic, microscopic). Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2012; 26:611-22. [PMID: 23384806 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2012.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Microscopic colitis includes the terms lymphocytic colitis and collagenous colitis, and is a common cause of chronic diarrhoea in older adults. The incidence of microscopic colitis has increased over time and has reached levels comparable to other forms of inflammatory bowel disease. In this chapter, an updated review on the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of microscopic colitis has been provided. There is limited data available about eosinophilic colitis, which is the least common of the eosinophilic GI disorders. It is important to rule out the secondary causes of colonic eosinophilia in patients with suspected eosinophilic colitis.
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MESH Headings
- Chronic Disease
- Colitis, Collagenous/complications
- Colitis, Collagenous/diagnosis
- Colitis, Collagenous/epidemiology
- Colitis, Collagenous/therapy
- Colitis, Lymphocytic/complications
- Colitis, Lymphocytic/diagnosis
- Colitis, Lymphocytic/epidemiology
- Colitis, Lymphocytic/therapy
- Colitis, Microscopic/complications
- Colitis, Microscopic/diagnosis
- Colitis, Microscopic/epidemiology
- Colitis, Microscopic/therapy
- Diarrhea/epidemiology
- Diarrhea/etiology
- Humans
- Incidence
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/complications
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome/complications
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene F Yen
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.
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Inhibition of Pim1 kinase prevents peanut allergy by enhancing Runx3 expression and suppressing T(H)2 and T(H)17 T-cell differentiation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 130:932-44.e12. [PMID: 22944483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The provirus integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus (Pim) 1 kinase is an oncogenic serine/threonine kinase implicated in cytokine-induced cell signaling, whereas Runt-related transcription factor (Runx) has been implicated in the regulation of T-cell differentiation. The interaction of Pim1 kinase and Runx3 in the pathogenesis of peanut allergy has not been defined. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the effects of Pim1 kinase modulation on Runx3 expression and T(H)2 and T(H)17 cell function in an experimental model of peanut allergy. METHODS A Pim1 kinase inhibitor was administered to peanut-sensitized and challenged wild-type and Runx3(+/-) mice. Symptoms, intestinal inflammation, and Pim1 kinase and Runx3 mRNA expression and protein levels were assessed. The effects of Pim1 kinase inhibition on T(H)1, T(H)2, and T(H)17 differentiation in vivo and in vitro were also determined. RESULTS Peanut sensitization and challenge resulted in accumulation of inflammatory cells and goblet cell metaplasia and increased levels of Pim1 kinase and T(H)2 and T(H)17 cytokine production but decreased levels of Runx3 mRNA and protein in the small intestines of wild-type mice. All of these findings were normalized with Pim1 kinase inhibition. In sensitized and challenged Runx3(+/-) mice, inhibition of Pim1 kinase had less effect on the development of the full spectrum of intestinal allergic responses. In vitro inhibition of Pim1 kinase attenuated T(H)2 and T(H)17 cell differentiation and expansion while maintaining Runx3 expression in T-cell cultures from wild-type mice; these effects were reduced in T-cell cultures from Runx3(+/-) mice. CONCLUSION These data support a novel regulatory axis involving Pim1 kinase and Runx3 in the control of food-induced allergic reactions through the regulation of T(H)2 and T(H)17 differentiation.
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Oral tolerance induced by transfer of food antigens via breast milk of allergic mothers prevents offspring from developing allergic symptoms in a mouse food allergy model. Clin Dev Immunol 2012; 2012:721085. [PMID: 22505952 PMCID: PMC3310277 DOI: 10.1155/2012/721085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We examined whether maternal exposure to food antigens during lactation and maternal allergic status would affect the development of food allergy in offspring. OVA-sensitized or OVA-nonsensitized BALB/c female mice were exposed or unexposed to OVA during lactation. After weaning, their offspring were systemically sensitized twice with OVA and repeatedly given OVA by oral intubation. While 97.1% of the mice breastfed by OVA-nonsensitized and OVA-unexposed mothers developed allergic diarrhea, 59.7% of the mice breastfed by OVA-exposed nonallergic mothers during lactation and 24.6% of the mice breastfed by OVA-exposed allergic mothers during lactation developed food allergy. Furthermore, OVA was detected in breast-milk from OVA-exposed nonallergic mothers during lactation (4.6 ± 0.5 μg/mL). In addition, OVA-specific IgG1 titers were markedly increased in breast milk from allergic mothers (OVA-sensitized and OVA-unexposed mother: 11.0 ± 0.5, OVA-sensitized and OVA-exposed mother: 12.3 ± 0.3). Our results suggest that oral tolerance induced by breast milk-mediated transfer of dietary antigens along with their specific immunoglobulins to offspring leads to antigen-specific protection from food allergy.
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Kunisawa J, Kiyono H. Immunological function of sphingosine 1-phosphate in the intestine. Nutrients 2012; 4:154-66. [PMID: 22666543 PMCID: PMC3347024 DOI: 10.3390/nu4030154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that dietary materials are involved in immune regulation in the intestine. Lipids mediate immune regulation through a complex metabolic network that produces many kinds of lipid mediators. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid mediator that controls cell trafficking and activation. In this review, we focus on the immunological functions of S1P in the regulation of intestinal immune responses such as immunoglobulin A production and unique T cell trafficking, and its role in the development of intestinal immune diseases such as food allergies and intestinal inflammation, and also discuss the relationship between dietary materials and S1P metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kunisawa
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Medical Genome Science, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (J.K.); (H.K.); Tel.: +81-3-5449-5274 (J.K.); +81-3-5449-5270 (H.K.); Fax: +81-3-5449-5411
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Medical Genome Science, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (J.K.); (H.K.); Tel.: +81-3-5449-5274 (J.K.); +81-3-5449-5270 (H.K.); Fax: +81-3-5449-5411
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Rainone V, Dubois G, Temchura V, Überla K, Clivio A, Nebuloni M, Lauri E, Trabattoni D, Veas F, Clerici M. CCL28 induces mucosal homing of HIV-1-specific IgA-secreting plasma cells in mice immunized with HIV-1 virus-like particles. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26979. [PMID: 22066023 PMCID: PMC3205026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosae-associated epithelial chemokine (MEC or CCL28) binds to CCR3 and CCR10 and recruits IgA-secreting plasma cells (IgA-ASCs) in the mucosal lamina propria. The ability of this chemokine to enhance migration of IgA-ASCs to mucosal sites was assessed in a mouse immunization model using HIV-1(IIIB) Virus-like particles (VLPs). Mice receiving either HIV-1(IIIB) VLPs alone, CCL28 alone, or the irrelevant CCL19 chemokine were used as controls. Results showed a significantly increased CCR3 and CCR10 expression on CD19(+) splenocytes of HIV-1(IIIB) VPL-CCL28-treated mice. HIV-1 Env-specific IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-5 production, total IgA, anti-Env IgA as well as gastro-intestinal mucosal IgA-secreting plasma cells were also significantly augmented in these mice. Notably, sera and vaginal secretions from HIV-1(IIIB) VLP-CCL28-treated mice exhibited an enhanced neutralizing activity against both a HIV-1/B-subtype laboratory strain and a heterologous HIV-1/C-subtype primary isolate. These data suggest that CCL28 could be useful in enhancing the IgA immune response that will likely play a pivotal role in prophylactic HIV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Rainone
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Transgenic Mice that Overexpress Human IL-15 in Enterocytes Recapitulate Both B and T Cell-Mediated Pathologic Manifestations of Celiac Disease. J Clin Immunol 2011; 31:1038-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s10875-011-9586-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Alfadda AA, Storr MA, Shaffer EA. Eosinophilic colitis: epidemiology, clinical features, and current management. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2011; 4:301-9. [PMID: 21922029 PMCID: PMC3165205 DOI: 10.1177/1756283x10392443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs) represent a spectrum of inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders in which eosinophils infiltrate the gut in the absence of known causes for such tissue eosinophilia. EGIDs can be subgrouped as eosinophilic esophagitis (EE), eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG), and eosinophilic colitis (EC). The least frequent manifestation of EGIDs is EC. EC is a heterogeneous entity with a bimodal age distribution, presenting with either an acute self-limited bloody diarrhea in otherwise healthy infants or as a more chronic relapsing colitis in young adults. The pathophysiology of primary EC appears related to altered hypersensitivity, principally as a food allergy in infants and T lymphocyte-mediated (i.e. non-IgE associated) in young adults. In adults, symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Endoscopic changes are generally modest, featuring edema and patchy granularity. Although standardized criteria are not yet established, the diagnosis of EC depends on histopathology that identifies an excess of eosinophils. Therapeutic approaches are based on case reports and small case series, as prospective randomized controlled trials are lacking. Eosinophilic colitis in infants is a rather benign, frequently food-related entity and dietary elimination of the aggressor often resolves the disorder within days. Adolescent or older patients require more aggressive medical management including: glucocorticoids, anti-histamines, leukotriene receptors antagonists as well as novel approaches employing biologics that target interleukin-5 (IL-5) and IgE. This review article summarizes the current knowledge of EC, its epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman A. Alfadda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Martin A. Storr
- Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Eldon A. Shaffer
- Professor of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Teaching Research and Wellness Building, Room 6D48, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1
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Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins are critical mediators of cytokine signaling. Among the seven STAT proteins, STAT6 is activated by IL-4 and IL-13 and plays a predominant role in the immune system. However, there is increasing evidence that STAT6 may function in other tissues and organ systems. IL-4, IL-13, and STAT6 promote humoral immunity, clearance of helminthic parasites as well as the pathogenesis of allergic disorders like asthma, food allergies, and atopic dermatitis. In this review, we will describe our current understanding of the biological functions of STAT6 and summarize recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms by which STAT6 regulates transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreevrat Goenka
- HB Wells Center of Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, 46202, USA.
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Yoshikawa R, Mikami N, Otani I, Kishimoto T, Nishioka S, Hashimoto N, Miyagi Y, Takuma Y, Sueda K, Fukada SI, Yamamoto H, Tsujikawa K. Suppression of ovalbumin-induced allergic diarrhea by diminished intestinal peristalsis in RAMP1-deficient mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 410:389-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.05.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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