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Hsu JY, Lin HH, Wang ZH, Chen JH. Aqueous extract from Pepino (Solanum muricatum Ait.) leaves ameliorated insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia in mice with metabolic syndrome. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13518. [PMID: 33047354 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Solanum muricatum Ait. (Pepino) is a plant food commonly cultivated in the Penghu Island, Taiwan. This present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of aqueous extract of Pepino leaves (AEPL) in mice with metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome animal model was induced by continuous high-fat diet feeding and low-dose streptozotocin (40 mg/ml) for 5 days. A 1% AEPL or metformin were given for 6 weeks after streptozotocin injection. The results revealed that 1% AEPL effectively reduced fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia in metabolic syndrome mice. Histologic examination revealed lipid accumulation in liver decreased by 1% AEPL treatment. Further, western blot analysis revealed 1% AEPL treatment managed enzymes related to lipid synthesis and oxidation pathways and hepatic glucose production. Besides, 1% AEPL treatment increased liver antioxidant activities to against oxidative stress. These results concluded that AEPL treatment attenuated insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia of metabolic syndrome. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a multifactorial chronic disease which is characterized by dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia. However, there is no single drug or defined medication for MS so far. The present study revealed that AEPL treatment was able to regulate lipid metabolism and glycemic control at the molecular level to alleviate MS. AEPL has the potential to be a novo complementary medication for metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Ying Hsu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hong Wang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Hsien Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
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Nargesi AA, Zhu XY, Saadiq IM, Jordan KL, Lerman A, Lerman LO, Eirin A. Experimental Renovascular Disease Induces Endothelial Cell Mitochondrial Damage and Impairs Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation of Renal Artery Segments. Am J Hypertens 2020; 33:765-774. [PMID: 32179886 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpaa047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria modulate endothelial cell (EC) function, but may be damaged during renal disease. We hypothesized that the ischemic and metabolic constituents of swine renovascular disease (RVD) induce mitochondrial damage and impair the function of renal artery ECs. METHODS Pigs were studied after 16 weeks of metabolic syndrome (MetS), renal artery stenosis (RAS), or MetS + RAS, and Lean pigs served as control (n = 6 each). Mitochondrial morphology, homeostasis, and function were measured in isolated primary stenotic-kidney artery ECs. EC functions were assessed in vitro, whereas vasoreactivity of renal artery segments was characterized in organ baths. RESULTS Lean + RAS and MetS + RAS ECs showed increased mitochondrial area and decreased matrix density. Mitochondrial biogenesis was impaired in MetS and MetS + RAS compared with their respective controls. Mitochondrial membrane potential similarly decreased in MetS, Lean + RAS, and MetS + RAS groups, whereas production of reactive oxygen species increased in MetS vs. Lean, but further increased in both RAS groups. EC tube formation was impaired in MetS, RAS, and MetS + RAS vs. Lean, but EC proliferation and endothelial-dependent relaxation of renal artery segments were blunted in MetS vs. Lean, but further attenuated in Lean + RAS and MetS + RAS. CONCLUSIONS MetS and RAS damage mitochondria in pig renal artery ECs, which may impair EC function. Coexisting MetS and RAS did not aggravate EC mitochondrial damage in the short time of our in vivo studies, suggesting that mitochondrial injury is associated with impaired renal artery EC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Aghajani Nargesi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xiang-Yang Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ishran M Saadiq
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kyra L Jordan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Amir Lerman
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Alfonso Eirin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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The interaction between dietary inflammatory index and 6 P21 rs2010963 gene variants in metabolic syndrome. Eat Weight Disord 2020; 25:1049-1060. [PMID: 31197703 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-019-00729-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) regulates endothelial cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis, promotes vascular and capillary permeability and also is involved in inflammation. VEGF gene has been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between inflammatory potential of a diet and + 405 VEGF C/G (rs2010963) polymorphism and metabolic components in patients with metabolic syndrome. METHODS One hundred fifty patients with metabolic syndrome and fifty healthy individuals were enrolled. A semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used for dietary assessments and dietary inflammatory index (DII) calculation. Biochemical assays including fasting serum glucose (FSG), serum insulin, matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), liver enzymes and lipid profile were measured. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragments length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used for the determination of gene polymorphism. RESULTS In the current study, patients with metabolic syndrome had higher serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) and lower high density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations compared with healthy subjects. Patients with lower DII quartiles and lower inflammatory potential of the diet had lower waist to hip ratio (WHR) and lower diastolic blood pressure (DBP) compared with patients in higher DII quartiles (P < 0.05). Moreover, patients and healthy subjects in second quartile of DII had significantly higher aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations compared with subjects in the first quartile; also healthy subjects in third quartile had significantly higher triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) concentrations compared with subjects in second quartile (P < 0.05). Among different genotypes of 6 P21 rs2010963 gene variants in patients with metabolic syndrome, CC genotype indicated the highest DII compared with other genotypes (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The current study revealed the association between DII and metabolic risk factors of metabolic syndrome. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, case-control analytic study.
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Ullah MM, Basile DP. Role of Renal Hypoxia in the Progression From Acute Kidney Injury to Chronic Kidney Disease. Semin Nephrol 2020; 39:567-580. [PMID: 31836039 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, there has been an increased appreciation of the long-term sequelae of acute kidney injury (AKI) and the potential development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Several pathophysiologic features have been proposed to mediate AKI to CKD progression including maladaptive alterations in tubular, interstitial, inflammatory, and vascular cells. These alterations likely interact to culminate in the progression to CKD. In this article we focus primarily on evidence of vascular rarefaction secondary to AKI, and the potential mechanisms by which rarefaction occurs in relation to other alterations in tubular and interstitial compartments. We further focus on the potential that rarefaction contributes to renal hypoxia. Consideration of the role of hypoxia in AKI to CKD transition focuses on experimental evidence of persistent renal hypoxia after AKI and experimental maneuvers to evaluate the influence of hypoxia, per se, in progressive disease. Finally, consideration of methods to evaluate hypoxia in patients is provided with the suggestion that noninvasive measurement of renal hypoxia may provide insight into progression in post-AKI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mahbub Ullah
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
| | - David P Basile
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN.
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Abbasalizad Farhangi M, Vajdi M, Nikniaz L, Nikniaz Z. Interaction between Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (rs2010963) Gene Polymorphisms and Dietary Diversity Score on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome. Lifestyle Genom 2019; 13:1-10. [DOI: 10.1159/000503789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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The association between metabolic syndrome components and the development of atherosclerosis. J Hum Hypertens 2019; 33:844-855. [DOI: 10.1038/s41371-019-0273-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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7
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Ghazizadeh H, Avan A, Fazilati M, Azimi-Nezhad M, Tayefi M, Ghasemi F, Mehramiz M, Moohebati M, Ebrahimi M, Mirhafez SR, Ferns GA, Esmaeili H, Pasdar A, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Association of rs6921438 A Gene 2018;667:70-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension and the progression of atherosclerosis. Fam Med 2018. [DOI: 10.30841/2307-5112.2.2018.145561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Association between serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, macrophage inhibitory cytokine and markers of oxidative stress, with the metabolic syndrome and its components in obese individuals. NUTR CLIN METAB 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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10
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Vural P, Kabaca G, Firat RD, Degirmencioglu S. Administration of Selenium Decreases Lipid Peroxidation and Increases Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes Mellitus. CELL JOURNAL 2017; 19:452-460. [PMID: 28836407 PMCID: PMC5570410 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2017.4161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective The imbalance in oxidant/antioxidant status plays a pivotal role in diabetes
mellitus (DM). Selenium is a integral component of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione
peroxidase. Se treatment induces angiogenesis and improves endothelial function through
increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The aim of this study
is to investigate the effect of selenium on oxidative stress, VEGF, and endothelin 1 (ET1)
in a DM rat model.
Materials and Methods We performed an experimental animal study with 64 adult male
Wistar-Albino rats. Rats were divided into the following groups (n=8): control (C)7, C21,
C+sodium selenite (Se)7, and C+Se21 (control rats), and DM7, DM21, DM+Se7, and
DM+Se21 (diabetic rats). Diabetes was induced by 2-deoxy-2-(3-methyl-3-nitrosoureido)-
D-glucopyranose [streptozotocin (STZ)]. Three weeks after STZ, DM+Se7 rats received
intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of 0.4 mg/kg Se for 7 days. The DM+Se21 rats received
these injections for 21 days. The same dose/duration of Se was administered to the
C+Se7 and C+Se21 groups. The remaining rats (C7, C21, DM7, DM21) received physi-
ologic saline injections for 7 or 21 days. Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), malon-
dialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and endothelial function
markers (VEGF and ET1) in plasma samples were measured.
Results Diabetic rats (DM7 and DM21) had significantly increased plasma FRAP
(P=0.002, P=0.001), AOPP (P=0.024, P=0.01), MDA (P=0.004, P=0.001), and ET1
(P=0.028, P=0.003) levels compared with C7 and C21 control rats. VEGF (P=0.02, P=0.01)
significantly decreased in DM7 and DM21 diabetic rats compared with their controls (C7,
C21). Se administration reversed the increased MDA and decreased VEGF levels, and
lowered plasma glucose levels in the DM+Se7 and DM+Se21 diabetic groups compared
with diabetic rats (DM7, DM21). We observed positive correlations between FRAP-AOPP
(r=0.460), FRAP-ET1 (r=0.510), AOPP-MDA (r=0.270), and AOPP-ET1 (r=0.407), and a
negative correlation between MDA-VEGF (r=-0.314).
Conclusion We observed accentuated oxidative stress and impaired endothelial
function in diabetes. Se treatment reduced lipid peroxidation and hyperglycemia. Se
probably improved endothelial dysfunction in diabetic rats because of the increased
VEGF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pervinl Vural
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Gulcan Kabaca
- Department of Oral Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Refia Deniz Firat
- Department of Oral Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevgin Degirmencioglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kim YR, Hong SH. Promoter polymorphisms of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene are associated with metabolic syndrome susceptibility in Koreans. Biomed Rep 2017; 6:555-560. [DOI: 10.3892/br.2017.886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Single-nucleotide Polymorphisms in Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene Associated with Stroke Subtype in LAA and SVO. INT J GERONTOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijge.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Hajiluian G, Abbasalizad Farhangi M, Jahangiry L. Mediterranean dietary pattern and VEGF +405 G/C gene polymorphisms in patients with metabolic syndrome: An aspect of gene-nutrient interaction. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171637. [PMID: 28212431 PMCID: PMC5315280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To evaluate the relationship between Mediterranean dietary pattern, anthropometric and metabolic biomarkers and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) +405 G/C gene polymorphism in patient with metabolic syndrome (Mets). Materials and methods In this study 150 patients with Mets and 50 healthy subjects were enrolled. Dietary intakes were evaluated with a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and Mediterranean dietary quality index (Med-DQI) was assessed. Anthropometric assessments and blood pressure measurement were performed. Biochemical assays including fasting serum glucose (FSG), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), liver enzymes and lipid profiles were also assessed. Polymorphism of +405 G/C VEGF gene was determined utilizing polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragments length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results Serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) concentrations and FSG were significantly higher in metabolic syndrome patients compared with control group (P < 0.05). Metabolic syndrome group with high consumption of “cholesterol” had significantly upper serum TG; also high consumption of “fish” and “vegetables-fruits” was associated with a significantly lower serum LDL concentrations. In metabolic syndrome patients with CC genotype, mean score of “saturated fatty acid” subgroup was significantly higher compared with other genotypes; whereas, in healthy individuals, mean score of “fruit-vegetable” subgroup in individuals of CC and GG genotype was significantly higher (P<0.05). Conclusion Our findings indicated a significant relationship between Mediterranean dietary quality index and both anthropometric and metabolic risk factors. We also indicated a higher “saturated fatty acid” intake in CC genotype among metabolic syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Hajiluian
- Student Research Committee, Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- Nutrition Research Center, Drug Applied Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- * E-mail:
| | - Leila Jahangiry
- Health Education and Health Promotion Department, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Ghazizadeh H, Fazilati M, Pasdar A, Avan A, Tayefi M, Ghasemi F, Mehramiz M, Mirhafez SR, Ferns GA, Azimi-Nezhad M, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Association of a Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor genetic variant with Serum VEGF level in subjects with Metabolic Syndrome. Gene 2017; 598:27-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Chade AR. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy for the Kidney: Are We There Yet? J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 27:1-3. [PMID: 26038531 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015050491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro R Chade
- Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, Medicine, and Radiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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Kim YR, Hong SH. Association between the polymorphisms of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene and metabolic syndrome. Biomed Rep 2015; 3:319-326. [PMID: 26137230 DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major angiogenic factor. Increased levels of VEGF have been reported in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The role of VEGF polymorphisms in MetS susceptibility, however, has not been reported previously. Thus, the present study was performed to analyze the associations between the VEGF -634G>C and 936C>T polymorphisms and the patients with MetS. A total of 320 patients with MetS (mean age, 49.86±11.76 years) and 320 healthy subjects (mean age, 50.94±8.43 years) were enrolled in the study. The VEGF -634G>C polymorphism in the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) and 936C>T polymorphism in 3'-UTR were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The VEGF -634G>C polymorphism significantly affected MetS susceptibility. The CC genotype of the -634G>C polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased risk of MetS [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=3.973; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.321-6.799; P<0.0001]. AORs of the dominant (GG vs. GC+CC) and recessive models (GG+GC vs. CC) between the cases and controls were 2.569 (95% CI, 1.657-3.983; P<0.0001) and 2.163 (95% CI, 1.475-3.171; P=0.0001), respectively. Haplotypes of -634G>C and 936C>T were also associated with MetS susceptibility. When the haplotype data were stratified by gender, the association remained only in males. The -634G>C polymorphism was also associated with the subgroups of MetS risk components by the stratification analysis. The 936C>T polymorphism was, however, not associated with the MetS susceptibility. The present study demonstrates that the VEGF -634G>C polymorphism and haplotypes may be a genetic determinant for the MetS susceptibility. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the significant association of the VEGF polymorphisms in MetS patients. To confirm the effects of the VEGF polymorphisms on MetS, further functional and population studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ree Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Hong
- Department of Science Education, Teachers College, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-781, Republic of Korea
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Yadav BK, Hong Y, Shin BS. Correlation of VEGF genetic polymorphisms and lipid profile to aortic calcification. Gene 2014; 550:33-9. [PMID: 25108133 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic calcification is developed due to accumulation of a large amount of calcium in the aorta of the heart and it is the leading cause of aortic valve replacement and third leading cause of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between aortic calcification and VEGF SNPs (-2578C>A, -1154G>A and +936C>T) and to evaluate the association of these SNPs with biochemical parameter in relation to aortic calcification. METHODS Aortic calcification was diagnosed by examining the posteroanterior chest X-rays by a radiologist and graded into four groups. The real-time polymerase chain reaction with melting curve analysis in LightCycler was used to genotype the VEGF SNPs. RESULTS Among the VEGF SNPs, a significant genetic difference was found only between the aortic calcification and control group with VEGF SNP -2578C>A but haplotypes T-A-A of (+936/-1154/-2578) were significantly different in control and aortic calcification and could enhance the aortic calcification development. By regression analysis, it was found that age, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hyperhomocysteinemia were found significantly different with the different genotypes of VEGF SNPs which may induce aortic calcification development. CONCLUSION Age, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hyperhomocysteinemia were established as aggravating factors for the aortic calcification in association with different VEGF genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binod Kumar Yadav
- Department of Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Graduate School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Yoochan Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Byoung-Soo Shin
- Department of Neurology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Chonbuk, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Chonbuk, Republic of Korea.
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Gluba A, Mikhailidis DP, Lip GY, Hannam S, Rysz J, Banach M. Metabolic syndrome and renal disease. Int J Cardiol 2013; 164:141-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Stepien M, Stepien A, Wlazel RN, Paradowski M, Rizzo M, Banach M, Rysz J. Predictors of insulin resistance in patients with obesity: a pilot study. Angiology 2012; 65:22-30. [PMID: 23267236 DOI: 10.1177/0003319712468291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We compared adipokines and inflammatory markers in obese insulin-sensitive (group A, n = 16) and insulin-resistant (group B, n = 48) patients divided according to homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Serum levels of adiponectin, leptin, resistin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor α were measured. Weight, height, waist (WC) and hip circumferences, waist to hip ratio , weight to height ratio, visceral adiposity index (VAI), and body adiposity index (BAI) were measured. The WC and VAI were significantly higher in group B (113.9 ± 11.1 vs 105.3 ± 9.8 cm; P < .01 and 2.3 ± 1.1 vs 1.6 ± 0.9; P < .05, respectively), while serum adiponectin levels were higher in group A (24.5 ± 14.6 vs 15.1 ± 9.6 ng/mL; P < .005). The BAI strongly correlated with adiponectin and leptin in group B (r = .479; P < .001 and r = .705; P < .001). Insulin resistance is associated with visceral adiposity described by VAI and WC. The BAI may be a useful index in obese patients, especially with insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Stepien
- 1Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, WAM University Hospital in Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Jang MJ, Jeon YJ, Kim JW, Cho YK, Lee SK, Hwang SG, Oh D, Kim NK. Association of VEGF and KDR single nucleotide polymorphisms with colorectal cancer susceptibility in Koreans. Mol Carcinog 2012; 52 Suppl 1:E60-9. [PMID: 23169005 DOI: 10.1002/mc.21980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor kinase insert domain-containing receptor (KDR) play crucial roles in angiogenesis, which contributes to the development and progression of solid tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of VEGF (-2578C > A, -1154G > A, -634G > C, and 936C > T) and KDR (-604T > C and 1192G > A) polymorphisms with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). A total of 882 participants (390 CRC patients and 492 controls) were enrolled in the study. The genotyping of VEGF and KDR polymorphisms was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. We found that the CT and TT genotype of the 936C > T was associated with an increased risk of CRC compared with the CC genotype as the dominant model for the T allele. In addition, we also found a increased CRC risk with TC + CC genotype of KDR -604T > C compared with TT genotype in CRC patients and control subjects. Similarly, KDR 1192G > A also showed significant association between 1192G > A variants and risk of CRC. In the haplotype analyses, haplotype -2578A/-1154A/-634G/936T of VEGF polymorphisms and haplotype -604C/1192G and -604C/1192A of KDR polymorphisms were associated with an increased susceptibility of CRC. Our results suggest that the VEGF 936C > T, KDR -604T > C, and KDR 1192G > A polymorphisms may be contribute to CRC risk in the Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Ju Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
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21
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Siervo M, Tomatis V, Stephan BCM, Feelisch M, Bluck LJC. VEGF is indirectly associated with NO production and acutely increases in response to hyperglycaemia(1). Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42:967-73. [PMID: 22568403 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2012.02684.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have been observed in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Nitric oxide (NO) formation is reduced in MetS, but its relationship to VEGF production remains poorly defined. We evaluated the association between VEGF/NO synthesis and insulin sensitivity in obese subjects and investigated the secretory response of VEGF to an acute elevation of glucose. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven healthy normal-weight subjects, seven obese subjects without MetS and seven obese subjects with MetS were recruited. Anthropometry, body composition and cardiometabolic functions (blood pressure, glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C and VEGF) were measured, and a novel stable isotope method was used to assess in vivo rates of NO production. A frequent sampling intravenous glucose tolerance test was performed to study the dynamics of VEGF release. RESULTS Fasting VEGF levels were significantly higher in the two obese groups compared to the control group (P for trend = 0·02), but the difference was not significant after adjustment for age. Vascular endothelial growth factor levels were associated with systolic blood pressure (ρ = 0·54; P = 0·01) and NO production (ρ = -0·44; P = 0·04). Vascular endothelial growth factor levels increased in response to acute hyperglycaemia in normal-weight and obese subjects (P < 0·001). CONCLUSIONS Vascular endothelial growth factor levels rapidly increase during hyperglycaemia and are inversely related to NO production at steady state. The potential link between the acute secretion of VEGF and atherosclerotic risk in subjects with poorly controlled glycaemia as well as the potential of lowering elevated VEGF levels by increasing NO production and/or availability warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Siervo
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle On Tyne, UK.
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22
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Stepien M, Rosniak-Bak K, Paradowski M, Misztal M, Kujawski K, Banach M, Rysz J. Waist circumference, ghrelin and selected adipose tissue-derived adipokines as predictors of insulin resistance in obese patients: preliminary results. Med Sci Monit 2012; 17:PR13-18. [PMID: 22037753 PMCID: PMC3539504 DOI: 10.12659/msm.882030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the study was to estimate the association between anthropometric obesity parameters, serum concentrations of ghrelin, resistin, leptin, adiponectin and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) in obese non-diabetic insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant patients. Material/Methods Study subjects included 37 obese (body mass index [BMI] ≥30 kg/m2) out-clinic patients aged 25 to 66 years. Insulin resistance was evaluated by HOMA-IR. Serum fasting concentrations of glucose, insulin, ghrelin, adiponectin, resistin and leptin were measured by using the ELISA method. Body weight, waist and hip circumferences were measured to calculate BMI and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) values for all the patients. According to HOMA-IR, patients were divided into two groups: A, insulin sensitive (n=19); and B, insulin resistant (n=18). Results Patients with insulin resistance have greater mean waist circumference (WC) higher mean serum insulin level and leptin concentration, but lower concentrations of adiponectin and ghrelin. In the insulin-sensitive patient group we observed positive correlations between BMI and HOMA-IR, WC and HOMA-IR, and adiponectin and leptin, and negative correlations between ghrelin and HOMA-IR, WC and adiponectin, and WHR and adiponectin. In the insulin-resistant group, there was a positive correlation between resistin and ghrelin and a negative correlation between WHR and leptin. Conclusions Waist circumference, adiponectin, leptin and ghrelin are associated with insulin resistance and may be predictors of this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Stepien
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, WAM University Hospital in Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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Barylski M, Małyszko J, Rysz J, Myśliwiec M, Banach M. Lipids, blood pressure, kidney - what was new in 2011? Arch Med Sci 2011; 7:1055-66. [PMID: 22328891 PMCID: PMC3265000 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2011.26620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The year 2011 was very interesting regarding new studies, trials and guidelines in the field of lipidology, hypertensiology and nephrology. Suffice it to mention the new European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) guidelines on the management of dyslipidaemias, American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF)/American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines on hypertension in the elderly, and many important trials presented among others during the American Society of Nephrology (ASN) Annual Congress in Philadelphia and the AHA Annual Congress in Orlando. The paper is an attempt to summarize the most important events and reports in the mentioned areas in the passing year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Barylski
- Department of Internal Diseases and Cardiological Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Jolanta Małyszko
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Michał Myśliwiec
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
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Athyros VG, Tziomalos K, Karagiannis A, Mikhailidis DP. Dyslipidaemia of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus: the case for residual risk reduction after statin treatment. Open Cardiovasc Med J 2011; 5:24-34. [PMID: 21660248 PMCID: PMC3109607 DOI: 10.2174/1874192401105010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Revised: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidaemia is frequently present in obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The predominant features of dyslipidaemia in these disorders include increased flux of free fatty acids (FFA), raised triglyceride (TG) and low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, a predominance of small, dense (atherogenic) low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) particles and raised apolipoprotein (apo) B values Posprandial hyperlipidaemia may also be present. Insulin resistance (IR) appears to play an important role in the pathogenesis of dyslipidaemia in obesity, MetS and T2DM. The cornerstone of treatment of this IR-related dyslipidaemia is lifestyle changes and in diabetic patients, tight glycaemic control. In addition to these measures, recent clinical trials showed benefit with statin treatment. Nevertheless, a substantial percentage of patients treated with statins still experience vascular events. This residual vascular risk needs to be addressed. This review summarizes the effects of hypolipidaemic drug combinations (including statins with cholesterol ester protein inhibitors, niacin, fibrates or fish oil, as well as fibrate-ezetimibe combination) on the residual vascular risk in patients with obesity, MetS or T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilios G Athyros
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University, Hippocration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Yilmaz Y, Yonal O, Kurt R, Alahdab YO, Ozdogan O, Celikel CA, Ulukaya E, Imeryuz N, Kalayci C, Avsar E. Circulating Levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A and Its Soluble Receptor in Patients with Biopsy-proven Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Arch Med Res 2011; 42:38-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Siervo M, Ruggiero D, Sorice R, Nutile T, Aversano M, Stephan BCM, Ciullo M. Angiogenesis and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in adults with metabolic syndrome. J Intern Med 2010; 268:338-47. [PMID: 20649935 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02255.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and fatal cardiovascular events. Angiogenesis is thought to contribute to this risk as it might be involved in the progression of atherosclerotic plaques. We investigated the levels of circulating biomarkers of angiogenesis and cardiovascular risk in adults with MetSyn and assessed their association with established metabolic risk factors. DESIGN The Genetic Park project is a highly inclusive cross-sectional survey (about 80% of residents) conducted in three isolated populations in Southern Italy. A total of 1000 men and women (age range: 18-98 years) were included in the analysis. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were recorded. Metabolic and cardiovascular biomarkers included glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL, vascular endothelial growth factor, placental growth factor (PlGF), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). RESULT Subjects with MetSyn had higher levels of PlGF and NT-proBNP after adjustment for age, smoking and body mass index. Circulating levels of PlGF, hs-TnT and NT-proBNP were directly related to the number of criteria of MetSyn, and this association interacted with gender. There was a strong correlation between ageing and cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS The increase in circulating levels of biomarkers of angiogenesis and cardiac function in subjects with MetSyn mirrors the pathophysiological changes occurring in the cardiovascular system. Over time, these changes might accelerate the formation and progression of atherosclerotic plaques and contribute significantly to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Siervo
- Human Nutrition and Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, University Federico II, Faculty of Medicine, Napoli, Italy
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The concentration of uric acid in patients with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. Open Med (Wars) 2009. [DOI: 10.2478/s11536-009-0026-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe association of elevated serum uric acid (hyperuricemia, gout) with the presence of classical coronary risk factors and coronary artery disease (CAD) or myocardial infarction (MI) has been analysed in many epidemiological studies. Numerous studies have revealed that hypertension, high body mass index (BMI), lipid disorders (especially raised triglyceride (TG) levels and low high dense lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level), and increased creatinine or insulin levels have caused hyperuricemia. Gout has often occurred with typical disorders for the metabolic syndrome X. Significant correlation of the serum uric level and the CAD presence and severity of coronary atherosclerosis confirmed by coronary angiography has been observed in women. Hyperuricemia has also indirect influence on progress of CAD by physical activity restriction, what causes sedentary mode of life and lead to obesity. Therefore, we conducted our study in order to estimate uric acid levels in patients with metabolic syndrome and coexisting cardiovascular system diseases.
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Gluba A, Banach M, Rysz J, Piotrowski G, Fendler W, Pietrucha T. Is Polymorphism within eNOS Gene Associated With the Late Onset of Myocardial Infarction? A Pilot Study. Angiology 2009; 60:588-95. [DOI: 10.1177/0003319709335031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is a potent vasodilator. Several polymorphisms in the eNOS gene have been described, some of them being linked with the increased risk of cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease (CHD), and coronary spasm. Methods and Results We studied 3 polymorphisms within the gene of eNOS (-786T/C, G10T, and 894 G/T) in patients with their first myocardial infarction (MI) younger than 45 years and in healthy volunteers. We found the relation between the occurrence of eNOS 894G allele and the Gensini score, which describes the severity of CHD ( P = .020). Conclusions The fact that first clinical manifestation of MI occurred in G carriers when the atherosclerotic plaque was much more advanced than in T carriers may suggest that wild-type genotype provided a better compensatory mechanisms due to NO synthesis and/or release. The polymorphisms within eNOS gene G10T, 894G/T, and −786T/C were not associated with the increased risk of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gluba
- Departments of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Banach
- Departments of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Departments of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Piotrowski
- Department of Cardiology, M. Kopernik Provincial Specialist Hospital, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Tadeusz Pietrucha
- Departments of Medical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
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