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Schiera V, Carfì Pavia F, La Carrubba V, Brucato V, Dintcheva NT. Poly-l-Lactic Acid Scaffolds Additivated with Rosmarinic Acid: A Multi-Analytical Approach to Assess The Morphology, Thermal Behavior, and Hydrophilicity. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1672. [PMID: 38932024 PMCID: PMC11207696 DOI: 10.3390/polym16121672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to demonstrate the possibility of incorporating a natural antioxidant biomolecule into polymeric porous scaffolds. To this end, Poly-l-Lactic Acid (PLLA) scaffolds were produced using the Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS) technique and additivated with different amounts of rosmarinic acid (RA). The scaffolds, with a diameter of 4 mm and a thickness of 2 mm, were characterized with a multi-analytical approach. Specifically, Scanning Electron Microscopy analyses demonstrated the presence of an interconnected porous network, characterized by a layer of RA at the level of the pore's surfaces. Moreover, the presence of RA biomolecules increased the hydrophilic nature of the sample, as evidenced by the decrease in the contact angle with water from 128° to 76°. The structure of PLLA and PLLA containing RA molecules has been investigated through DSC and XRD analyses, and the obtained results suggest that the crystallinity decreases when increasing the RA content. This approach is cost-effective, and it can be customized with different biomolecules, offering the possibility of producing porous polymeric structures containing antioxidant molecules. These scaffolds meet the requirements of tissue engineering and could offer a potential solution to reduce inflammation associated with scaffold implantation, thus improving tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Schiera
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Nadka Tz. Dintcheva
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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2
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Liu C, Dai J, Wang X, Hu X. The Influence of Textile Structure Characteristics on the Performance of Artificial Blood Vessels. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3003. [PMID: 37514393 PMCID: PMC10385882 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a major threat to human health worldwide, and vascular transplantation surgery is a treatment method for this disease. Often, autologous blood vessels cannot meet the needs of surgery. However, allogeneic blood vessels have limited availability or may cause rejection reactions. Therefore, the development of biocompatible artificial blood vessels is needed to solve the problem of donor shortage. Tubular fabrics prepared by textile structures have flexible compliance, which cannot be matched by other structural blood vessels. Therefore, biomedical artificial blood vessels have been widely studied in recent decades up to the present. This article focuses on reviewing four textile methods used, at present, in the manufacture of artificial blood vessels: knitting, weaving, braiding, and electrospinning. The article mainly introduces the particular effects of different structural characteristics possessed by various textile methods on the production of artificial blood vessels, such as compliance, mechanical properties, and pore size. It was concluded that woven blood vessels possess superior mechanical properties and dimensional stability, while the knitted fabrication method facilitates excellent compliance, elasticity, and porosity of blood vessels. Additionally, the study prominently showcases the ease of rebound and compression of braided tubes, as well as the significant biological benefits of electrospinning. Moreover, moderate porosity and good mechanical strength can be achieved by changing the original structural parameters; increasing the floating warp, enlarging the braiding angle, and reducing the fiber fineness and diameter can achieve greater compliance. Furthermore, physical, chemical, or biological methods can be used to further improve the biocompatibility, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and endothelialization of blood vessels, thereby improving their functionality. The aim is to provide some guidance for the further development of artificial blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Liu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Jieyu Dai
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xueqin Wang
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xingyou Hu
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
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3
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Huang WH, Ding SL, Zhao XY, Li K, Guo HT, Zhang MZ, Gu Q. Collagen for neural tissue engineering: Materials, strategies, and challenges. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100639. [PMID: 37197743 PMCID: PMC10183670 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural tissue engineering (NTE) has made remarkable strides in recent years and holds great promise for treating several devastating neurological disorders. Selecting optimal scaffolding material is crucial for NET design strategies that enable neural and non-neural cell differentiation and axonal growth. Collagen is extensively employed in NTE applications due to the inherent resistance of the nervous system against regeneration, functionalized with neurotrophic factors, antagonists of neural growth inhibitors, and other neural growth-promoting agents. Recent advancements in integrating collagen with manufacturing strategies, such as scaffolding, electrospinning, and 3D bioprinting, provide localized trophic support, guide cell alignment, and protect neural cells from immune activity. This review categorises and analyses collagen-based processing techniques investigated for neural-specific applications, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses in repair, regeneration, and recovery. We also evaluate the potential prospects and challenges of using collagen-based biomaterials in NTE. Overall, this review offers a comprehensive and systematic framework for the rational evaluation and applications of collagen in NTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing, 101499, PR China
| | - Sheng-Long Ding
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, PR China
| | - Xi-Yuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing, 101499, PR China
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing, 101499, PR China
| | - Ming-Zhu Zhang
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Qi Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huairou District, Beijing, 101499, PR China
- Corresponding author. Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 5 of Courtyard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, PR China.
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4
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Pereira AL, Semitela Â, Girão AF, Completo A, Marques PAAP, Guieu S, Fernandes MHV. Three‐dimensional nanofibrous and porous scaffolds of poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐chitosan blends for musculoskeletal tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2022; 111:950-961. [PMID: 36519714 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
One of the established tissue engineering strategies relies on the fabrication of appropriate materials architectures (scaffolds) that mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) and assist the regeneration of living tissues. Fibrous structures produced by electrospinning have been widely used as reliable ECM templates but their two-dimensional structure restricts, in part, cell infiltration and proliferation. A recent technique called thermally-induced self-agglomeration (TISA) allowed to alleviate this drawback by rearranging the 2D electrospun membranes into highly functional 3D porous-fibrous systems. Following this trend, the present research focused on preparing polycaprolactone/chitosan blends by electrospinning, to then convert them into 3D structures by TISA. By adding different amounts of chitosan, it was possible to accurately modulate the physicochemical properties of the obtained 3D nanofibrous scaffolds, leading to highly porous constructs with distinct morphologic and mechanical features. Viability and proliferation studies using adult human chondrocytes also revealed that the biocompatibility of the scaffolds was not impaired after 28 days of cell culture, highlighting their potential to be included into musculoskeletal tissue engineering applications, particularly cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Leal Pereira
- CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
| | - Ângela Semitela
- TEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
| | - André F. Girão
- TEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
| | - António Completo
- TEMA, Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
| | | | - Samuel Guieu
- CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
- LAQV‐REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
| | - Maria Helena V. Fernandes
- CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
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5
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Duan R, Wang Y, Su D, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Du B, Liu L, Li X, Zhang Q. The effect of blending poly (l-lactic acid) on in vivo performance of 3D-printed poly(l-lactide-co-caprolactone)/PLLA scaffolds. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 138:212948. [PMID: 35913240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Blending poly (l-lactic acid, PLLA) with poly (l-lactide-co-caprolactone, PLCL) is an effective strategy for developing new PLCL/PLLA blend based biomaterials. However, the effect of PLLA on in vivo performance of PLCL/PLLA blends is unclear yet. To address this issue, in this study, the effect of PLLA on in vivo biodegradability and biocompatibility of 3D-printed scaffolds of PLCL/PLLA blend was investigated. Three kinds of different 3D-printed PLCL/PLLA scaffolds using different blends with different mass ratios of the polymers, were prepared and implanted subcutaneously. The shrinkage and tissue responses were monitored by ultrasonography after the implantation. 2 months post-operation, the in vivo performances of the scaffolds were investigated histologically. All scaffolds showed good biocompatibility and allowed fast tissues ingrowth, however PLCL50/PLLA50 scaffold with the highest PLLA ratio induced the thickest the fibrous capsule surrounding the scaffolds and highest inflammatory scores. Furthermore, it was found that the fine porous structures of all scaffolds were well maintained, indicating the 3D-printed scaffolds were degraded through a surface erosion but not bulk erosion way. However, different scaffolds showed different shrinkage and degradation ratios, and PLCL50/PLLA50 scaffold resulted in a significant shrinkage, while PLCL90/PLLA10 scaffold showed the better structural stability. Therefore, PLLA at blending different ratio had different effects on the in vivo performance of 3D-printed PLCL/PLLA scaffolds. Particularly, PLCL/PLLA scaffolds blending with low ratio of PLLA, such as PLCL90/PLLA10 scaffold showed better application potential in tissue engineering. Our findings provide a new insight on the rational design, constrcution and application of the 3D-printed PLCL/PLLA scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Duan
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin, Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Institute of Biomedical Engineering. 236 Baidi Road, NanKai District, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yimeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin, Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Institute of Biomedical Engineering. 236 Baidi Road, NanKai District, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Danning Su
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin, Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Institute of Biomedical Engineering. 236 Baidi Road, NanKai District, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin, Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Institute of Biomedical Engineering. 236 Baidi Road, NanKai District, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yiyun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin, Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Institute of Biomedical Engineering. 236 Baidi Road, NanKai District, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Bo Du
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin, Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Institute of Biomedical Engineering. 236 Baidi Road, NanKai District, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Lingrong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin, Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Institute of Biomedical Engineering. 236 Baidi Road, NanKai District, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xuemin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material of Tianjin, Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Institute of Biomedical Engineering. 236 Baidi Road, NanKai District, Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Qiqing Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, PR China.
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6
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Mahapatro A, Hlaing HM, Malladi L, Keshavanarayana S. Hybrid polymeric-metallic foams for bone tissue engineering scaffolds: mechanical properties and biofunctionality evaluations. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1990058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anil Mahapatro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, USA
| | - Hay Mar Hlaing
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Wichita State University, KS, USA
| | - Lipi Malladi
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Wichita State University, KS, USA
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7
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Design and Development of Enhanced Antimicrobial Breathable Biodegradable Polymeric Films for Food Packaging Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13203527. [PMID: 34685286 PMCID: PMC8541126 DOI: 10.3390/polym13203527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The principle of breathable food packaging is to provide the optimal number of pores to transfer a sufficient amount of fresh air into the packaging headspace. In this work, antimicrobial microporous eco-friendly polymeric membranes were developed for food packaging. Polylactic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) were chosen as the main packaging polymers for their biodegradability. To develop the microporous films, sodium chloride (NaCl) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) were used as porogenic agents and the membranes were prepared using solvent-casting techniques. The results showed that films with of 50% NaCl and 10% PEO by mass achieved the highest air permeability and oxygen transmission rate (O2TR) with PLA. Meanwhile, blends of 20% PLA and 80% PCL by mass showed the highest air permeability and O2TR at 100% NaCl composition. The microporous membranes were also coated with cinnamaldehyde, a natural antimicrobial ingredient, to avoid the transportation of pathogens through the membranes into the packaged foods. In vitro analysis showed that the biodegradable membranes were not only environmentally friendly but also allowed for maximum food protection through the transportation of sterile fresh air, making them ideal for food packaging applications.
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8
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Kalirajan C, Dukle A, Nathanael AJ, Oh TH, Manivasagam G. A Critical Review on Polymeric Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3015. [PMID: 34503054 PMCID: PMC8433665 DOI: 10.3390/polym13173015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural and synthetic polymers have been explored for many years in the field of tissue engineering and regeneration. Researchers have developed many new strategies to design successful advanced polymeric biomaterials. In this review, we summarized the recent notable advancements in the preparation of smart polymeric biomaterials with self-healing and shape memory properties. We also discussed novel approaches used to develop different forms of polymeric biomaterials such as films, hydrogels and 3D printable biomaterials. In each part, the applications of the biomaterials in soft and hard tissue engineering with their in vitro and in vivo effects are underlined. The future direction of the polymeric biomaterials that could pave a path towards successful clinical implications is also underlined in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheirmadurai Kalirajan
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; (C.K.); (A.D.); (G.M.)
| | - Amey Dukle
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; (C.K.); (A.D.); (G.M.)
| | - Arputharaj Joseph Nathanael
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; (C.K.); (A.D.); (G.M.)
| | - Tae-Hwan Oh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Geetha Manivasagam
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; (C.K.); (A.D.); (G.M.)
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9
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Li Y, Sun S, Gao P, Zhang M, Fan C, Lu Q, Li C, Chen C, Lin B, Jiang Y. A tough chitosan-alginate porous hydrogel prepared by simple foaming method. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Dugad R, Radhakrishna G, Gandhi A. Recent advancements in manufacturing technologies of microcellular polymers: a review. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02157-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Budnicka M, Kołbuk D, Ruśkowski P, Gadomska-Gajadhur A. Poly-L-lactide scaffolds with super pores obtained by freeze-extraction method. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:3162-3173. [PMID: 32501603 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A nonplanar polylactide scaffold to be used in tissue engineering was obtained by freeze-extraction method. Properties of the scaffold were modified by adding Eudragit® E100. The impact of the modification on morphology, porosity and pore size, mass absorbability, mechanical properties was determined. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), hydrostatic weighing test, static compression test was used to this end. The chemical composition of the scaffold was defined based on infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Biocompatibility was confirmed by quantitative tests and microscopic observation. The obtained results show that the obtained scaffolds may be applied as a carrier of hydrophilic cellular growth factors for more efficient tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Budnicka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Kołbuk
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Ruśkowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Wang D, Xu Y, Li Q, Turng LS. Artificial small-diameter blood vessels: materials, fabrication, surface modification, mechanical properties, and bioactive functionalities. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:1801-1822. [PMID: 32048689 PMCID: PMC7155776 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01849b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, especially ones involving narrowed or blocked blood vessels with diameters smaller than 6 millimeters, are the leading cause of death globally. Vascular grafts have been used in bypass surgery to replace damaged native blood vessels for treating severe cardio- and peripheral vascular diseases. However, autologous replacement grafts are not often available due to prior harvesting or the patient's health. Furthermore, autologous harvesting causes secondary injury to the patient at the harvest site. Therefore, artificial blood vessels have been widely investigated in the last several decades. In this review, the progress and potential outlook of small-diameter blood vessels (SDBVs) engineered in vitro are highlighted and summarized, including material selection and development, fabrication techniques, surface modification, mechanical properties, and bioactive functionalities. Several kinds of natural and synthetic polymers for artificial SDBVs are presented here. Commonly used fabrication techniques, such as extrusion and expansion, electrospinning, thermally induced phase separation (TIPS), braiding, 3D printing, hydrogel tubing, gas foaming, and a combination of these methods, are analyzed and compared. Different surface modification methods, such as physical immobilization, surface adsorption, plasma treatment, and chemical immobilization, are investigated and are compared here as well. Mechanical requirements of SDBVs are also reviewed for long-term service. In vitro biological functions of artificial blood vessels, including oxygen consumption, nitric oxide (NO) production, shear stress response, leukocyte adhesion, and anticoagulation, are also discussed. Finally, we draw conclusions regarding current challenges and attempts to identify future directions for the optimal combination of materials, fabrication methods, surface modifications, and biofunctionalities. We hope that this review can assist with the design, fabrication, and application of SDBVs engineered in vitro and promote future advancements in this emerging research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. and Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA and School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China and National Center for International Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yiyang Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. and Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Qian Li
- School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China and National Center for International Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Lih-Sheng Turng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. and Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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13
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Papadimitriou L, Manganas P, Ranella A, Stratakis E. Biofabrication for neural tissue engineering applications. Mater Today Bio 2020; 6:100043. [PMID: 32190832 PMCID: PMC7068131 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2020.100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike other tissue types, the nervous tissue extends to a wide and complex environment that provides a plurality of different biochemical and topological stimuli, which in turn defines the advanced functions of that tissue. As a consequence of such complexity, the traditional transplantation therapeutic methods are quite ineffective; therefore, the restoration of peripheral and central nervous system injuries has been a continuous scientific challenge. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine in the nervous system have provided new alternative medical approaches. These methods use external biomaterial supports, known as scaffolds, to create platforms for the cells to migrate to the injury site and repair the tissue. The challenge in neural tissue engineering (NTE) remains the fabrication of scaffolds with precisely controlled, tunable topography, biochemical cues, and surface energy, capable of directing and controlling the function of neuronal cells toward the recovery from neurological disorders and injuries. At the same time, it has been shown that NTE provides the potential to model neurological diseases in vitro, mainly via lab-on-a-chip systems, especially in cases for which it is difficult to obtain suitable animal models. As a consequence of the intense research activity in the field, a variety of synthetic approaches and 3D fabrication methods have been developed for the fabrication of NTE scaffolds, including soft lithography and self-assembly, as well as subtractive (top-down) and additive (bottom-up) manufacturing. This article aims at reviewing the existing research effort in the rapidly growing field related to the development of biomaterial scaffolds and lab-on-a-chip systems for NTE applications. Besides presenting recent advances achieved by NTE strategies, this work also delineates existing limitations and highlights emerging possibilities and future prospects in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Papadimitriou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, 71003, Greece
| | - P. Manganas
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, 71003, Greece
| | - A. Ranella
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, 71003, Greece
| | - E. Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, 71003, Greece
- Physics Department, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003, Crete, Greece
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14
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Drozdov AD, Claville Christiansen J. The effect of porosity on elastic moduli of polymer foams. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. D. Drozdov
- Department of Materials and ProductionAalborg University Fibigerstraede 16, Aalborg 9220 Denmark
| | - J. Claville Christiansen
- Department of Materials and ProductionAalborg University Fibigerstraede 16, Aalborg 9220 Denmark
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15
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Zou S, Wang X, Fan S, Zhang J, Shao H, Zhang Y. Fabrication and characterization of regenerated Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin scaffolds for Schwann cell culturing. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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16
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Abstract
A novel method to obtain porous three-dimensional chitosan-based matrices has been developed. The structure is characterized by an interconnected system of pores, with controlled diameter by varying the concentration of chitosan and the nature of the solvent. The material is biodegradable, biocompatible, with high adhesion to fibroblasts and promotes its proliferation.
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Shui H, Shi Q, Pugno NM, Chen Q, Li Z. Effect of mechanical stimulation on the degradation of poly(lactic acid) scaffolds with different designed structures. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 96:324-333. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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18
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Biocompatibility and biodegradation properties of polycaprolactone/polydioxanone composite scaffolds prepared by blend or co-electrospinning. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911519835569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Electrospun polymer scaffolds are regarded as an ideal tissue engineering scaffold due to similar morphological properties with the native extracellular matrix. Among these, polycaprolactone is widely used to fabricate electrospun fibrous scaffolds due to its excellent biocompatibility, good mechanical properties, and ease of manufacture. However, its low biodegradation rate has a negative influence on its application in tissue engineering scaffold. To address this issue, this study prepared hybrid scaffolds composed of polycaprolactone and polydioxanone (a fast-degrading polyether-ester) via either the blend or co-electrospinning. Subsequently, the structural characteristics, mechanical strength, in vitro/vivo degradation, cellularization, and vascularization of two kinds of hybrid scaffolds were evaluated to decide which method is more suitable for producing tissue engineering scaffolds. The incorporation of polydioxanone increased the mechanical strength of both composite scaffolds. Moreover, co-electrospun scaffolds exhibited improved hydrophilicity compared to blend scaffolds. The results of in vitro and in vivo degradation studies showed that the degradation rate of both composite scaffolds was faster than that of neat polycaprolactone scaffolds due to the incorporated polydioxanone component. Especially in co-electrospun scaffolds, the fast degradation of polydioxanone fiber gave rise to larger pore size, thus leading to faster cellularization and better vascularization compared to blend scaffolds. Therefore, co-electrospinning was demonstrated to be superior to blend electrospinning for the preparation of composite scaffolds. Co-electrospun polycaprolactone–polydioxanone scaffolds may be promising candidates for tissue engineering.
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19
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Construction of a bilayered vascular graft with smooth internal surface for improved hemocompatibility and endothelial cell monolayer formation. Biomaterials 2018; 181:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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20
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Cooper C, Mohanty AK, Misra M. Electrospinning Process and Structure Relationship of Biobased Poly(butylene succinate) for Nanoporous Fibers. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:5547-5557. [PMID: 31458758 PMCID: PMC6641949 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biobased poly(butylene succinate) (BioPBS) was electrospun to create hierarchical, highly porous fibers. Various grades of BioPBS were dissolved in one of the three solutions: chloroform, a co-solvent system of chloroform/N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), or chloroform/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). These solutions were then electrospun at room temperature to produce nanoporous micron-sized fibers. The variables investigated were the solvent system used, grade of BioPBS, concentration of BioPBS, applied voltage, and the distance between the electrodes. In determining the optimal solution and electrospinning conditions, it was found that solution properties such as the solvent system, the grade of BioPBS, and the concentration of BioPBS had a significant effect on the fiber morphology. A chloroform/DMSO cosolvent system resulted in less bead defects among fibers compared to those produced from chloroform/DMF systems, regardless of the BioPBS grade. An increase in BioPBS concentration resulted in the reduction of bead defects, which at 15 (% w/v) resulted in bead-free uniform fibers. Increasing BioPBS concentration also increased the porosity of the fibers while reducing the pore size. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the reduction of bead defects resulted in increased tensile strength and Young's modulus of the electrospun fibrous nonwoven mat. The results of this study show that electrospun BioPBS fibers have high porosity at the micro- and nanoscale, resulting in a hierarchical structure that has sufficient mechanical properties for potential applications in wound healing and soft tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor
J. Cooper
- Bioproducts
Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Crop Science Building, 50 Stone Rd E, N1G-2W1 Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- School
of Engineering, University of Guelph, Thornbrough Building, 50 Stone Rd
E, N1G-2W1 Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amar K. Mohanty
- Bioproducts
Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Crop Science Building, 50 Stone Rd E, N1G-2W1 Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- School
of Engineering, University of Guelph, Thornbrough Building, 50 Stone Rd
E, N1G-2W1 Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manjusri Misra
- Bioproducts
Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Crop Science Building, 50 Stone Rd E, N1G-2W1 Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- School
of Engineering, University of Guelph, Thornbrough Building, 50 Stone Rd
E, N1G-2W1 Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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21
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Yu E, Mi HY, Zhang J, Thomson JA, Turng LS. Development of biomimetic thermoplastic polyurethane/fibroin small-diameter vascular grafts via a novel electrospinning approach. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:985-996. [PMID: 29143442 PMCID: PMC5826852 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A new electrospinning approach for fabricating vascular grafts with a layered, circumferentially aligned, and micro-wavy fibrous structure similar to natural elastic tissues has been developed. The customized electrospinning collector was able to generate wavy fibers using the dynamic "jump rope" collecting process, which also solved the sample removal problem for mandrel-type collectors. In this study, natural silk fibroin and synthetic thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) were combined at different weight ratios to produce hybrid small-diameter vascular grafts. The purpose of combining these two materials was to leverage the bioactivity and tunable mechanical properties of these natural and synthetic materials. Results showed that the electrospun fiber morphology was highly influenced by the material compositions and solvents employed. All of the TPU/fibroin hybrid grafts had mechanical properties comparable to natural blood vessels. The circumferentially aligned and wavy biomimetic configuration provided the grafts with a sufficient toe region and the capacity for long-term usage under repeated dilatation and contraction. Cell culture tests with human endothelial cells (EC) also revealed high cell viability and good biocompatibility for these grafts. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 985-996, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI, USA, 53706
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI, USA, 53715
| | - Hao-Yang Mi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI, USA, 53706
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI, USA, 53715
- Department of Industrial Equipment and Control Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jue Zhang
- Morgridge Institute for Research, WI, USA, 53715
| | | | - Lih-Sheng Turng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI, USA, 53706
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin–Madison, WI, USA, 53715
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22
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Mi HY, Jing X, Yu E, Wang X, Li Q, Turng LS. Manipulating the structure and mechanical properties of thermoplastic polyurethane/polycaprolactone hybrid small diameter vascular scaffolds fabricated via electrospinning using an assembled rotating collector. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 78:433-441. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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23
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Bi-/multi-modal pore formation of PLGA/hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds by heterogeneous nucleation in supercritical CO 2 foaming. Chin J Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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24
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Raeisdasteh Hokmabad V, Davaran S, Ramazani A, Salehi R. Design and fabrication of porous biodegradable scaffolds: a strategy for tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2017; 28:1797-1825. [PMID: 28707508 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2017.1354674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Current strategies of tissue engineering are focused on the reconstruction and regeneration of damaged or deformed tissues by grafting of cells with scaffolds and biomolecules. Recently, much interest is given to scaffolds which are based on mimic the extracellular matrix that have induced the formation of new tissues. To return functionality of the organ, the presence of a scaffold is essential as a matrix for cell colonization, migration, growth, differentiation and extracellular matrix deposition, until the tissues are totally restored or regenerated. A wide variety of approaches has been developed either in scaffold materials and production procedures or cell sources and cultivation techniques to regenerate the tissues/organs in tissue engineering applications. This study has been conducted to present an overview of the different scaffold fabrication techniques such as solvent casting and particulate leaching, electrospinning, emulsion freeze-drying, thermally induced phase separation, melt molding and rapid prototyping with their properties, limitations, theoretical principles and their prospective in tailoring appropriate micro-nanostructures for tissue regeneration applications. This review also includes discussion on recent works done in the field of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh Raeisdasteh Hokmabad
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Zanjan , Zanjan , Iran.,b Drug Applied Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- b Drug Applied Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran.,c Stem Cell Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Ali Ramazani
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Zanjan , Zanjan , Iran
| | - Roya Salehi
- c Stem Cell Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran.,d Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Nanotechnology , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
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25
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Riedelová-Reicheltová Z, Brynda E, Riedel T. Fibrin nanostructures for biomedical applications. Physiol Res 2017; 65:S263-S272. [PMID: 27762592 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrin is a versatile biopolymer that has been extensively used in tissue engineering. In this paper fibrin nanostructures prepared using a technique based on the catalytic effect of fibrin-bound thrombin are presented. This technique enables surface-attached thin fibrin networks to form with precisely regulated morphology without the development of fibrin gel in bulk solution. Moreover, the influence of changing the polymerization time, along with the antithrombin III and heparin concentrations on the morphology of fibrin nanostructures was explored. The binding of bioactive molecules (fibronectin, laminin, collagen, VEGF, bFGF, and heparin) to fibrin nanostructures was confirmed. These nanostructures can be used for the surface modification of artificial biomaterials designed for different biomedical applications (e.g. artificial vessels, stents, heart valves, bone and cartilage constructs, skin grafts, etc.) in order to promote the therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Riedelová-Reicheltová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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26
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Jing X, Mi HY, Turng LS. Comparison between PCL/hydroxyapatite (HA) and PCL/halloysite nanotube (HNT) composite scaffolds prepared by co-extrusion and gas foaming. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 72:53-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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27
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Melt electrospinning vs. solution electrospinning: A comparative study of drug-loaded poly (ε-caprolactone) fibres. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 74:117-123. [PMID: 28254275 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin-loaded poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibres prepared by melt and solution electrospinning methods were both fabricated to investigate their difference in characterization and drug release behaviour. The increasing curcumin content did not influence the morphologies of melt electrospun fibre, but enhanced the range of diameter distribution of solution electrospun fibre owing to the curcumin aggregates in the spinning solution which disturbed the stability of jet. Moreover, a large amount of curcumin with amorphous state could be loaded in the melt electrospun fibre. Whereas the limited solubility of curcumin in the solvent led to the drug aggregates dispersing within the solution electrospun fibre. In addition, the melt electrospun fibres had low drug release rate without burst release on the profiles due to the high crystallinity in the fibre, but high drug release rate and burst release occurred on the release profiles of the solution electrospun fibres because of their low crystallinity, porous structure and roughness surface.
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28
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State of Art on Solvent Casting Particulate Leaching Method for Orthopedic ScaffoldsFabrication. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2017.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Wang X, Salick MR, Gao Y, Jiang J, Li X, Liu F, Cordie T, Li Q, Turng LS. Interconnected porous poly(ɛ-caprolactone) tissue engineering scaffolds fabricated by microcellular injection molding. J CELL PLAST 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0021955x16681470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In tissue engineering applications, a scaffold containing an interconnected porous structure is often highly desirable since these interconnected pores allow nutrients and signaling molecules to reach all of the cultured cells. In this study, microcellular injection molding, a mass production method for foamed plastic components, was combined with chemical foaming and particulate leaching methods to fabricate an interconnected porous structure using poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL). Sodium bicarbonate (SB) was employed as the chemical foaming agent while carbon dioxide (CO2) was used as the physical foaming (blowing) agent. The results showed that interconnected porous structures of PCL, which depend on the composition of the materials used, could be successfully produced. Sodium bicarbonate not only generated CO2 to supplement the supercritical fluid microcellular injection molding, but also served as the nuclei for heterogeneous cell nucleation. Sodium bicarbonate and its byproduct, sodium carbonate, were also the porogens in the particulate leaching process, which further enhanced the porosity and interconnectivity. The morphologies and mechanical properties of the samples with different material compositions and porosities were discussed. The results of cell viability assays of 3T3 fibroblasts suggested that the resulting interconnected porous PCL scaffolds exhibited good biocompatibility. Cell spreading was affected by the porosity of the scaffold because of the physical restriction effect on the cell migration. Highly improved interconnectivity of the scaffold provided more space for the cells to spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wang
- School of Mechanics & Engineering Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Max R Salick
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yanhong Gao
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Xuyan Li
- School of Mechanics & Engineering Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feifei Liu
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Travis Cordie
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Qian Li
- School of Mechanics & Engineering Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lih-Sheng Turng
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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30
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Mi HY, Jing X, Salick MR, Cordie TM, Turng LS. Carbon nanotube (CNT) and nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) reinforcement effect on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) scaffolds fabricated via phase separation using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 62:417-427. [PMID: 27266475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although phase separation is a simple method of preparing tissue engineering scaffolds, it suffers from organic solvent residual in the scaffold. Searching for nontoxic solvents and developing effective solvent removal methods are current challenges in scaffold fabrication. In this study, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) scaffolds containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or nanofibrillated cellulose fibers (NFCs) were prepared using low toxicity dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent. The effects of two solvent removal approaches on the final scaffold morphology were studied. The freeze drying method caused large pores, with small pores on the pore walls, which created connections between the pores. Meanwhile, the leaching and freeze drying method led to interconnected fine pores with smaller pore diameters. The nucleation effect of CNTs and the phase separation behavior of NFCs in the TPU solution resulted in significant differences in the microstructures of the resulting scaffolds. The mechanical performance of the nanocomposite scaffolds with different morphologies was investigated. Generally, the scaffolds with a fine pore structure showed higher compressive properties, and both the CNTs and NFCs improved the compressive properties of the scaffolds, with greater enhancement found in TPU/NFC nanocomposite scaffolds. In addition, all scaffolds showed good sustainability under cyclical load bearing, and the biocompatibility of the scaffolds was verified via 3T3 fibroblast cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yang Mi
- Department of Industrial Equipment and Control Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Xin Jing
- Department of Industrial Equipment and Control Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Max R Salick
- Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Travis M Cordie
- Department of Biomedical, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Lih-Sheng Turng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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31
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de Castro JG, Rodrigues BVM, Ricci R, Costa MM, Ribeiro AFC, Marciano FR, Lobo AO. Designing a novel nanocomposite for bone tissue engineering using electrospun conductive PBAT/polypyrrole as a scaffold to direct nanohydroxyapatite electrodeposition. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00889e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning is a well-recognized technique for producing nanostructured fibers with different functionalities, generating materials that are able to support cell adhesion and further proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juçara G. de Castro
- Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology (NANOBIO)
- Institute of Research and Development (IP&D II)
- University of Vale do Paraiba (UNIVAP)
- Sao Jose dos Campos
- Brazil
| | - Bruno V. M. Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology (NANOBIO)
- Institute of Research and Development (IP&D II)
- University of Vale do Paraiba (UNIVAP)
- Sao Jose dos Campos
- Brazil
| | - Ritchelli Ricci
- Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology (NANOBIO)
- Institute of Research and Development (IP&D II)
- University of Vale do Paraiba (UNIVAP)
- Sao Jose dos Campos
- Brazil
| | - Maíra M. Costa
- Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology (NANOBIO)
- Institute of Research and Development (IP&D II)
- University of Vale do Paraiba (UNIVAP)
- Sao Jose dos Campos
- Brazil
| | - André F. C. Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology (NANOBIO)
- Institute of Research and Development (IP&D II)
- University of Vale do Paraiba (UNIVAP)
- Sao Jose dos Campos
- Brazil
| | - Fernanda R. Marciano
- Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology (NANOBIO)
- Institute of Research and Development (IP&D II)
- University of Vale do Paraiba (UNIVAP)
- Sao Jose dos Campos
- Brazil
| | - Anderson O. Lobo
- Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology (NANOBIO)
- Institute of Research and Development (IP&D II)
- University of Vale do Paraiba (UNIVAP)
- Sao Jose dos Campos
- Brazil
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32
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Influence of low contents of superhydrophilic MWCNT on the properties and cell viability of electrospun poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) fibers. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 59:782-791. [PMID: 26652433 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.10.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) in tissue engineering, more specifically in bone regeneration, has been underexplored to date due to its poor mechanical resistance. In order to overcome this drawback, this investigation presents an approach into the preparation of electrospun nanocomposite fibers from PBAT and low contents of superhydrophilic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (sMWCNT) (0.1-0.5wt.%) as reinforcing agent. We employed a wide range of characterization techniques to evaluate the properties of the resulting electrospun nanocomposites, including Field Emission Scanning Electronic Microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM), tensile tests, contact angle measurements (CA) and biological assays. FE-SEM micrographs showed that while the addition of sMWCNT increased the presence of beads on the electrospun fibers' surfaces, the increase of the neat charge density due to their presence reduced the fibers' average diameter. The tensile test results pointed that sMWCNT acted as reinforcement in the PBAT electrospun matrix, enhancing its tensile strength (from 1.3 to 3.6MPa with addition of 0.5wt.% of sMWCNT) and leading to stiffer materials (lower elongation at break). An evaluation using MG63 cells revealed cell attachment into the biomaterials and that all samples were viable for biomedical applications, once no cytotoxic effect was observed. MG-63 cells osteogenic differentiation, measured by ALP activity, showed that mineralized nodules formation was increased in PBAT/0.5%CNTs when compared to control group (cells). This investigation demonstrated a feasible novel approach for producing electrospun nanocomposites from PBAT and sMWCNT with enhanced mechanical properties and adequate cell viability levels, which allows for a wide range of biomedical applications for these materials.
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