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Hany U, Watson CM, Liu L, Smith CEL, Harfoush A, Poulter JA, Nikolopoulos G, Balmer R, Brown CJ, Patel A, Simmonds J, Charlton R, Acosta de Camargo MG, Rodd HD, Jafri H, Antanaviciute A, Moffat M, Al-Jawad M, Inglehearn CF, Mighell AJ. Heterozygous COL17A1 variants are a frequent cause of amelogenesis imperfecta. J Med Genet 2024; 61:347-355. [PMID: 37979963 PMCID: PMC10982616 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Collagen XVII is most typically associated with human disease when biallelic COL17A1 variants (>230) cause junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB), a rare, genetically heterogeneous, mucocutaneous blistering disease with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), a developmental enamel defect. Despite recognition that heterozygous carriers in JEB families can have AI, and that heterozygous COL17A1 variants also cause dominant corneal epithelial recurrent erosion dystrophy (ERED), the importance of heterozygous COL17A1 variants causing dominant non-syndromic AI is not widely recognised. METHODS Probands from an AI cohort were screened by single molecule molecular inversion probes or targeted hybridisation capture (both a custom panel and whole exome sequencing) for COL17A1 variants. Patient phenotypes were assessed by clinical examination and analyses of affected teeth. RESULTS Nineteen unrelated probands with isolated AI (no co-segregating features) had 17 heterozygous, potentially pathogenic COL17A1 variants, including missense, premature termination codons, frameshift and splice site variants in both the endo-domains and the ecto-domains of the protein. The AI phenotype was consistent with enamel of near normal thickness and variable focal hypoplasia with surface irregularities including pitting. CONCLUSION These results indicate that COL17A1 variants are a frequent cause of dominantly inherited non-syndromic AI. Comparison of variants implicated in AI and JEB identifies similarities in type and distribution, with five identified in both conditions, one of which may also cause ERED. Increased availability of genetic testing means that more individuals will receive reports of heterozygous COL17A1 variants. We propose that patients with isolated AI or ERED, due to COL17A1 variants, should be considered as potential carriers for JEB and counselled accordingly, reflecting the importance of multidisciplinary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ummey Hany
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Christopher M Watson
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
- North East and Yorkshire Genomic Laboratory Hub, Central Lab, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Lu Liu
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
- School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Claire E L Smith
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Asmaa Harfoush
- School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - James A Poulter
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Georgios Nikolopoulos
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, B.S.R.C. 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Attica, Greece
| | - Richard Balmer
- School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Catriona J Brown
- Birmingham Dental Hospital, Mill Pool Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anesha Patel
- LCRN West Midlands Core Team, NIHR Clinical Research Network (CRN), Birmingham Research Park (West Wing), Vincent Drive, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jenny Simmonds
- North East and Yorkshire Genomic Laboratory Hub, Central Lab, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Ruth Charlton
- North East and Yorkshire Genomic Laboratory Hub, Central Lab, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Helen D Rodd
- Academic Unit of Oral Health Dentistry and Society, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Hussain Jafri
- Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Punjab Thalassaemia and Other Genetic Disorders Prevention and Research Institute, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Michelle Moffat
- Paediatric Dentistry, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Maisoon Al-Jawad
- School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Chris F Inglehearn
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Alan J Mighell
- School of Dentistry, Clarendon Way, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Wang SK, Lee ZH, Aref P, Chu KY. A novel ODAPH mutation causing amelogenesis imperfecta and its expression in human dental tissues. J Dent Sci 2024; 19:524-531. [PMID: 38303846 PMCID: PMC10829723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), an assemblage of genetic diseases with dental enamel malformations, is generally grouped into hypoplastic, hypomaturation, and hypocalcified types. This study aimed to identify the genetic etiology for a consanguineous Iranian family with autosomal recessive hypocalcified AI. Materials and methods Dental defects were characterized, and whole exome analysis conducted to search for disease-causing mutations. Minigene assay and RT-PCR were performed to evaluate molecular consequences of the identified mutation and expression of the causative gene in human dental tissues. Results The defective enamel of erupted teeth showed extensive post-eruptive failure and discoloration. Partial enamel hypoplasia and indistinct dentino-enamel junction were evident on unerupted teeth, resembling hypocalcified AI. A novel homozygous ODAPH (previously designated C4orf26) mutation of single-nucleotide deletion (NG_032974.1:g.5103del, NM_178497.5:c.67+1del) was identified to be disease-causing. The mutation would cause a frameshift to different ODAPH transcript variant (TV) products: p.(Ala23Hisfs∗29) for TV1 and p.(Gly23Aspfs∗140) for TV2. Both dental pulps of developing and exfoliating primary teeth expressed ODAPH TV2. Conclusion Loss-of-function ODAPH mutations can cause AI type IIIB (the hypocalcified, autosomal recessive type), rather than type IIA4 (the hypomaturation, pigmented autosomal recessive type). This study supports a hypothesis that the product of ODAPH TV2 is the single dominant ODAPH protein isoform critical for dental enamel formation and may also play an unappreciated role in development and homeostasis of dentin-pulp complex. Due to genetic heterogeneity and a nonideal genotype-phenotype correlation of AI, it is essential to perform genetic testing for patients with inherited enamel defects to make a definitive diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Kai Wang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University School of Dentistry, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhe-Hao Lee
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University School of Dentistry, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Parissa Aref
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Islamic Azad University Dental Branch of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kuan-Yu Chu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Kim YJ, Lee Y, Chae W, Kim JW. Recessive COL17A1 Mutations and a Dominant LAMB3 Mutation Cause Hypoplastic Amelogenesis Imperfecta. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1494. [PMID: 37888105 PMCID: PMC10608278 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13101494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary conditions that affect tooth enamel in quantity and/or quality are called amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). AI can occur as an isolated condition or as a symptom of a syndrome. An OMIM search with the term "AI" yielded 79 result entries. Mutations in the same gene cause syndromic or non-syndromic AI, depending on the nature of the mutations. In this study, we recruited two AI families and performed mutational analysis using whole-exome sequencing. The proband of family 1, with hypoplastic pitted AI and mild localized atopic dermatitis, had compound heterozygous COL17A1 mutations (paternal NM_000494.4: c.3598G>T, p.Asp1200Tyr and maternal c.1700G>A, p.Gly567Glu). The proband of family 2, with hypoplastic pitted AI and Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome, had a recurrent LAMB3 mutation (NM_000228.3: c.3463_3475del, p.(Glu1155Thrfs*51)) in addition to compound heterozygous mutations in the KCNQ1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Jung Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Yejin Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Wonseon Chae
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Jung-Wook Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.L.); (W.C.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
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Guo X, Duan X. Genotype-phenotype analysis of selective failure of tooth eruption-A systematic review. Clin Genet 2023. [PMID: 37448157 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Tooth eruption is an important and unique biological process during craniofacial development. Both the genetic and environmental factors can interfere with this process. Here we aimed to find the failure pattern of tooth eruption among five genetic diseases. Both systematic review and meta-analysis were used to identify the genotype-phenotype associations of unerupted teeth. The meta-analysis was based on the characteristics of abnormal tooth eruption in 223 patients with the mutations in PTH1R, RUNX2, COL1A1/2, CLCN7, and FAM20A respectively. We found all the patients presented selective failure of tooth eruption (SFTE). Primary failure of eruption patients with PTH1R mutations showed primary or isolated SFTE1 in the first and second molars (59.3% and 52% respectively). RUNX2 related cleidocranial dysplasia usually had SFTE2 in canines and premolars, while COL1A1/2 related osteogenesis imperfecta mostly caused SFTE3 in the maxillary second molars (22.9%). In CLCN7 related osteopetrosis, the second molars and mandibular first molars were the most affected. While FAM20A related enamel renal syndrome most caused SFTE5 in the second molars (86.2%) and maxillary canines. In conclusion, the SFTE was the common characteristics of most genetic diseases with abnormal isolated or syndromic tooth eruption. The selective pattern of unerupted teeth was gene-dependent. Here we recommend SFTE to classify those genetic unerupted teeth and guide for precise molecular diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology, Clinic of Oral Rare and Genetic Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology, Clinic of Oral Rare and Genetic Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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Bloch-Zupan A, Rey T, Jimenez-Armijo A, Kawczynski M, Kharouf N, Dure-Molla MDL, Noirrit E, Hernandez M, Joseph-Beaudin C, Lopez S, Tardieu C, Thivichon-Prince B, Dostalova T, Macek M, Alloussi ME, Qebibo L, Morkmued S, Pungchanchaikul P, Orellana BU, Manière MC, Gérard B, Bugueno IM, Laugel-Haushalter V. Amelogenesis imperfecta: Next-generation sequencing sheds light on Witkop's classification. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1130175. [PMID: 37228816 PMCID: PMC10205041 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1130175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a heterogeneous group of genetic rare diseases disrupting enamel development (Smith et al., Front Physiol, 2017a, 8, 333). The clinical enamel phenotypes can be described as hypoplastic, hypomineralized or hypomature and serve as a basis, together with the mode of inheritance, to Witkop's classification (Witkop, J Oral Pathol, 1988, 17, 547-553). AI can be described in isolation or associated with others symptoms in syndromes. Its occurrence was estimated to range from 1/700 to 1/14,000. More than 70 genes have currently been identified as causative. Objectives: We analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) a heterogeneous cohort of AI patients in order to determine the molecular etiology of AI and to improve diagnosis and disease management. Methods: Individuals presenting with so called "isolated" or syndromic AI were enrolled and examined at the Reference Centre for Rare Oral and Dental Diseases (O-Rares) using D4/phenodent protocol (www.phenodent.org). Families gave written informed consents for both phenotyping and molecular analysis and diagnosis using a dedicated NGS panel named GenoDENT. This panel explores currently simultaneously 567 genes. The study is registered under NCT01746121 and NCT02397824 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/). Results: GenoDENT obtained a 60% diagnostic rate. We reported genetics results for 221 persons divided between 115 AI index cases and their 106 associated relatives from a total of 111 families. From this index cohort, 73% were diagnosed with non-syndromic amelogenesis imperfecta and 27% with syndromic amelogenesis imperfecta. Each individual was classified according to the AI phenotype. Type I hypoplastic AI represented 61 individuals (53%), Type II hypomature AI affected 31 individuals (27%), Type III hypomineralized AI was diagnosed in 18 individuals (16%) and Type IV hypoplastic-hypomature AI with taurodontism concerned 5 individuals (4%). We validated the genetic diagnosis, with class 4 (likely pathogenic) or class 5 (pathogenic) variants, for 81% of the cohort, and identified candidate variants (variant of uncertain significance or VUS) for 19% of index cases. Among the 151 sequenced variants, 47 are newly reported and classified as class 4 or 5. The most frequently discovered genotypes were associated with MMP20 and FAM83H for isolated AI. FAM20A and LTBP3 genes were the most frequent genes identified for syndromic AI. Patients negative to the panel were resolved with exome sequencing elucidating for example the gene involved ie ACP4 or digenic inheritance. Conclusion: NGS GenoDENT panel is a validated and cost-efficient technique offering new perspectives to understand underlying molecular mechanisms of AI. Discovering variants in genes involved in syndromic AI (CNNM4, WDR72, FAM20A … ) transformed patient overall care. Unravelling the genetic basis of AI sheds light on Witkop's AI classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Bloch-Zupan
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut d’études avancées (USIAS), Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpital Civil, Centre de référence des maladies rares orales et dentaires, O-Rares, Filiére Santé Maladies rares TETE COU, European Reference Network ERN CRANIO, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), IN-SERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tristan Rey
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), IN-SERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Laboratoires de diagnostic génétique, Institut de Génétique Médicale d’Alsace, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexandra Jimenez-Armijo
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), IN-SERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Illkirch, France
| | - Marzena Kawczynski
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpital Civil, Centre de référence des maladies rares orales et dentaires, O-Rares, Filiére Santé Maladies rares TETE COU, European Reference Network ERN CRANIO, Strasbourg, France
| | - Naji Kharouf
- Université de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie, Inserm UMR_S 1121, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Muriel de La Dure-Molla
- Rothschild Hospital, Public Assistance-Paris Hospitals (AP-HP), Reference Center for Rare Oral and Den-tal Diseases (O-Rares), Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Noirrit
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Rangueil, Toulouse, Competence Center for Rare Oral and Den-tal Diseases, Toulouse, France
| | - Magali Hernandez
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Competence Center for Rare Oral and Dental Diseases, Nancy, France
| | - Clara Joseph-Beaudin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Competence Center for Rare Oral and Dental Diseases, Nice, France
| | - Serena Lopez
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Competence Center for Rare Oral and Dental Diseases, Nantes, France
| | - Corinne Tardieu
- APHM, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Marseille, Hôpital Timone, Competence Center for Rare Oral and Dental Diseases, Marseille, France
| | - Béatrice Thivichon-Prince
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon, Competence Center for Rare Oral and Dental Diseases, Lyon, France
| | | | - Tatjana Dostalova
- Department of Stomatology (TD) and Department of Biology and Medical Genetics (MM) Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Milan Macek
- Department of Stomatology (TD) and Department of Biology and Medical Genetics (MM) Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Mustapha El Alloussi
- Faculty of Dentistry, International University of Rabat, CReSS Centre de recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Leila Qebibo
- Unité de génétique médicale et d’oncogénétique, CHU Hassan II, Fes, Morocco
| | | | | | - Blanca Urzúa Orellana
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marie-Cécile Manière
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpital Civil, Centre de référence des maladies rares orales et dentaires, O-Rares, Filiére Santé Maladies rares TETE COU, European Reference Network ERN CRANIO, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bénédicte Gérard
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Laboratoires de diagnostic génétique, Institut de Génétique Médicale d’Alsace, Strasbourg, France
| | - Isaac Maximiliano Bugueno
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpital Civil, Centre de référence des maladies rares orales et dentaires, O-Rares, Filiére Santé Maladies rares TETE COU, European Reference Network ERN CRANIO, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), IN-SERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Illkirch, France
| | - Virginie Laugel-Haushalter
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), IN-SERM U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Laboratoires de diagnostic génétique, Institut de Génétique Médicale d’Alsace, Strasbourg, France
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Kim YJ, Zhang H, Lee Y, Seymen F, Koruyucu M, Kasimoglu Y, Simmer JP, Hu JCC, Kim JW. Novel WDR72 Mutations Causing Hypomaturation Amelogenesis Imperfecta. J Pers Med 2023; 13:326. [PMID: 36836560 PMCID: PMC9965932 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a heterogeneous collection of hereditary enamel defects. The affected enamel can be classified as hypoplastic, hypomaturation, or hypocalcified in form. A better understanding of normal amelogenesis and improvements in our ability to diagnose AI through genetic testing can be realized through more complete knowledge of the genes and disease-causing variants that cause AI. In this study, mutational analysis was performed with whole exome sequencing (WES) to identify genetic etiology underlying the hypomaturation AI condition in affected families. Mutational analyses identified biallelic WDR72 mutations in four hypomaturation AI families. Novel mutations include a homozygous deletion and insertion mutation (NM_182758.4: c.2680_2699delinsACTATAGTT, p.(Ser894Thrfs*15)), compound heterozygous mutations (paternal c.2332dupA, p.(Met778Asnfs*4)) and (maternal c.1287_1289del, p.(Ile430del)) and a homozygous 3694 bp deletion that includes exon 14 (NG_017034.2:g.96472_100165del). A homozygous recurrent mutation variant (c.1467_1468delAT, p.(Val491Aspfs*8)) was also identified. Current ideas on WDR72 structure and function are discussed. These cases expand the mutational spectrum of WDR72 mutations causing hypomaturation AI and improve the possibility of genetic testing to accurately diagnose AI caused by WDR72 defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Jung Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yejin Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Altinbas University, Istanbul 34147, Turkey
| | - Mine Koruyucu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey
| | - Yelda Kasimoglu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey
| | - James P. Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jan C.-C. Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jung-Wook Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Genetics & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
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Chan B, Cheng IC, Rozita J, Gorshteyn I, Huang Y, Shaffer I, Chang C, Li W, Lytton J, Den Besten P, Zhang Y. Sodium/(calcium + potassium) exchanger NCKX4 optimizes KLK4 activity in the enamel matrix microenvironment to regulate ECM modeling. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1116091. [PMID: 36814474 PMCID: PMC9939835 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1116091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Enamel development is a process in which extracellular matrix models from a soft proteinaceous matrix to the most mineralized tissue in vertebrates. Patients with mutant NCKX4, a gene encoding a K+-dependent Na+/Ca2+-exchanger, develop a hypomineralized and hypomature enamel. How NCKX4 regulates enamel protein removal to achieve an almost protein-free enamel is unknown. We characterized the upregulation pattern of Nckx4 in the progressively differentiating enamel-forming ameloblasts by qPCR, and as well as confirmed NCKX4 protein to primarily localize at the apical surface of wild-type ruffle-ended maturation ameloblasts by immunostaining of the continuously growing mouse incisors, posing the entire developmental trajectory of enamel. In contrast to the normal mature enamel, where ECM proteins are hydrolyzed and removed, we found significant protein retention in the maturation stage of Nckx4 -/- mouse enamel. The Nckx4 -/- enamel held less Ca2+ and K+ but more Na+ than the Nckx4 +/+ enamel did, as measured by EDX. The alternating acidic and neutral pH zones at the surface of mineralizing Nckx4 +/+ enamel were replaced by a largely neutral pH matrix in the Nckx4 -/- enamel. In situ zymography revealed a reduced kallikrein-related peptidase 4 (KLK4) activity in the Nckx4 -/- enamel. We showed that KLK4 took on 90% of proteinase activity in the maturation stage of normal enamel, and that recombinant KLK4 as well as native mouse enamel KLK4 both performed less effectively in a buffer with increased [Na+] and pH, conditions found in the Nckx4 -/- developing enamel. This study, for the first time to our knowledge, provides evidence demonstrating the impaired in situ KLK4 activity in Nckx4 -/- enamel and suggests a novel function of NCKX4 in facilitating KLK4-mediated hydrolysis and removal of ECM proteins, warranting the completion of enamel matrix modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry Chan
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, San Francisco, United States
| | - Ieong Cheng Cheng
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jalali Rozita
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, San Francisco, United States
| | - Ida Gorshteyn
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, San Francisco, United States
| | - Yulei Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun-Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ida Shaffer
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, San Francisco, United States
| | - Chih Chang
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, San Francisco, United States
| | - Wu Li
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jonathan Lytton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Pamela Den Besten
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, San Francisco, United States
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, San Francisco, United States
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8
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An Intron c.103-3T>C Variant of the AMELX Gene Causes Combined Hypomineralized and Hypoplastic Type of Amelogenesis Imperfecta: Case Series and Review of the Literature. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071272. [PMID: 35886055 PMCID: PMC9321068 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders of dental enamel. X-linked AI results from disease-causing variants in the AMELX gene. In this paper, we characterise the genetic aetiology and enamel histology of female AI patients from two unrelated families with similar clinical and radiographic findings. All three probands were carefully selected from 40 patients with AI. In probands from both families, scanning electron microscopy confirmed hypoplastic and hypomineralised enamel. A neonatal line separated prenatally and postnatally formed enamel of distinctly different mineralisation qualities. In both families, whole exome analysis revealed the intron variant NM_182680.1: c.103-3T>C, located three nucleotides before exon 4 of the AMELX gene. In family I, an additional variant, c.2363G>A, was found in exon 5 of the FAM83H gene. This report illustrates a variant in the AMELX gene that was not previously reported to be causative for AI as well as an additional variant in the FAM83H gene with probably limited clinical significance.
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9
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Identification of a Novel FAM83H Mutation and Management of Hypocalcified Amelogenesis Imperfecta in Early Childhood. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9030429. [PMID: 35327801 PMCID: PMC8947619 DOI: 10.3390/children9030429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a heterogeneous group of rare genetic disorders affecting amelogenesis during dental development. Therefore, the molecular genetic etiology of AI can provide information about the nature and progress of the disease. To confirm the genetic etiology of AI in a Korean family with an autosomal dominant inheritance, pedigree and mutational analyses were performed. DNA was isolated from the participating family members and whole-exome sequencing was performed with the DNA sample of the father of the proband. The identified mutation was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The mutational analysis revealed a novel nonsense mutation in the FAM83H gene (NM_198488.5: c.1363C > T, p.(Gln455*)), confirming autosomal dominant hypocalcified AI. Full-mouth restorative treatments of the affected children were performed after the completion of the deciduous dentition. Early diagnosis of AI can be useful for understanding the nature of the disease and for managing the condition and treatment planning.
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10
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Lee Y, Zhang H, Seymen F, Kim YJ, Kasimoglu Y, Koruyucu M, Simmer JP, Hu JCC, Kim JW. Novel KLK4 Mutations Cause Hypomaturation Amelogenesis Imperfecta. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12020150. [PMID: 35207639 PMCID: PMC8878363 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12020150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a group of rare genetic diseases affecting the tooth enamel. AI is characterized by an inadequate quantity and/or quality of tooth enamel and can be divided into three major categories: hypoplastic, hypocalcified and hypomaturation types. Even though there are some overlapping phenotypes, hypomaturation AI enamel typically has a yellow to brown discoloration with a dull appearance but a normal thickness indicating a less mineralized enamel matrix. In this study, we recruited four Turkish families with hypomaturation AI and performed mutational analysis using whole exome sequencing. These analyses revealed two novel homozygous mutations in the KLK4 gene: a nonsense mutation in exon 3 (NM_004917.4:c.170C>A, p.(Ser57*)) was found in families 1, 2 and 3 and a missense mutation in exon 6 (c.637T>C, p.(Cys213Arg)) in family 4. Functional analysis showed that the missense mutation transcript could not translate the mutant protein efficiently or generated an unstable protein that lacked functional activity. The two novel inactivating KLK4 mutations we identified caused a hypomaturation AI phenotype similar to those caused by the four previously described KLK4 nonsense and frameshift mutations. This study improves our understanding of the normal and pathologic mechanisms of enamel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry & DRI, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.L.); (Y.J.K.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.Z.); (J.P.S.); (J.C.-C.H.)
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey; (F.S.); (Y.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Youn Jung Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry & DRI, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.L.); (Y.J.K.)
| | - Yelda Kasimoglu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey; (F.S.); (Y.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Mine Koruyucu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey; (F.S.); (Y.K.); (M.K.)
| | - James P. Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.Z.); (J.P.S.); (J.C.-C.H.)
| | - Jan C.-C. Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.Z.); (J.P.S.); (J.C.-C.H.)
| | - Jung-Wook Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry & DRI, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.L.); (Y.J.K.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry & DRI, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence:
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11
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Le Cabec A, Colard T, Charabidze D, Chaussain C, Di Carlo G, Gaudzinski-Windheuser S, Hublin JJ, Melis RT, Pioli L, Ramirez-Rozzi F, Mussi M. Insights into the palaeobiology of an early Homo infant: multidisciplinary investigation of the GAR IVE hemi-mandible, Melka Kunture, Ethiopia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23087. [PMID: 34845260 PMCID: PMC8630034 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02462-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood is an ontogenetic stage unique to the modern human life history pattern. It enables the still dependent infants to achieve an extended rapid brain growth, slow somatic maturation, while benefitting from provisioning, transitional feeding, and protection from other group members. This tipping point in the evolution of human ontogeny likely emerged from early Homo. The GAR IVE hemi-mandible (1.8 Ma, Melka Kunture, Ethiopia) represents one of the rarely preserved early Homo infants (~ 3 years at death), recovered in a richly documented Oldowan archaeological context. Yet, based on the sole external inspection of its teeth, GAR IVE was diagnosed with a rare genetic disease-amelogenesis imperfecta (AI)-altering enamel. Since it may have impacted the child's survival, this diagnosis deserves deeper examination. Here, we reassess and refute this diagnosis and all associated interpretations, using an unprecedented multidisciplinary approach combining an in-depth analysis of GAR IVE (synchrotron imaging) and associated fauna. Some of the traits previously considered as diagnostic of AI can be better explained by normal growth or taphonomy, which calls for caution when diagnosing pathologies on fossils. We compare GAR IVE's dental development to other fossil hominins, and discuss the implications for the emergence of childhood in early Homo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Le Cabec
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. .,Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, MCC, PACEA, UMR 5199, 33600, Pessac, France.
| | - Thomas Colard
- grid.410463.40000 0004 0471 8845Department of Orthodontics, University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Damien Charabidze
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780UMR 8025, Centre d’Histoire Judiciaire, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602UR 2496 Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies. Dental School Université de Paris, AP-HP- Hôpital Bretonneau - Service Odontologie CRMR Métabolisme du Phosphore et du Calcium (OSCAR, ERN Bond), Paris, France
| | - Gabriele Di Carlo
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Unit of Pediatric Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabine Gaudzinski-Windheuser
- grid.461784.80000 0001 2181 3201MONREPOS Archaeological Research Centre and Museum for Human Behavioural Evolution, Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut Für Archäologie and Institute of Ancient Studies, Johannes Gutenberg–University Mainz, Schloss Monrepos, 56567 Neuwied, Germany
| | - Jean-Jacques Hublin
- grid.419518.00000 0001 2159 1813Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rita T. Melis
- Italian Archaeological Mission at Melka Kunture and Balchit, Rome, Italy ,grid.7763.50000 0004 1755 3242Dipartimento Di Scienze Chimiche E Geologiche, Università Degli Studi Di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Laura Pioli
- grid.7763.50000 0004 1755 3242Dipartimento Di Scienze Chimiche E Geologiche, Università Degli Studi Di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Fernando Ramirez-Rozzi
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602UR 2496 Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies. Dental School Université de Paris, AP-HP- Hôpital Bretonneau - Service Odontologie CRMR Métabolisme du Phosphore et du Calcium (OSCAR, ERN Bond), Paris, France ,grid.420021.50000 0001 2153 6793UMR 7206 CNRS MNHN UP Ecoanthropologie Musée de l’Homme, Paris, France
| | - Margherita Mussi
- Italian Archaeological Mission at Melka Kunture and Balchit, Rome, Italy. .,Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Antichità, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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12
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Govitvattana N, Kaku M, Ohyama Y, Jaha H, Lin IP, Mochida H, Pavasant P, Mochida Y. Molecular Cloning of Mouse Homologue of Enamel Protein C4orf26 and Its Phosphorylation by FAM20C. Calcif Tissue Int 2021; 109:445-454. [PMID: 33884476 PMCID: PMC8429244 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-021-00847-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that cellular processes are controlled by protein phosphorylation and has become increasingly clear that protein degradation, localization and conformation as well as protein-protein interaction are the examples of subsequent cellular events modulated by protein phosphorylation. Enamel matrix proteins belong to members of the secretory calcium binding phosphoprotein (SCPP) family clustered on chromosome 4q21, and most of the SCPP phosphoproteins have at least one S-X-E motifs (S; serine, X; any amino acid, E; glutamic acid). It has been reported that mutations in C4orf26 gene, located on chromosome 4q21, are associated with autosomal recessive type of Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI), a hereditary condition that affects enamel formation/mineralization. The enamel phenotype observed in patients with C4orf26 mutations is hypomineralized and partially hypoplastic, indicating that C4orf26 protein may function at both secretory and maturation stages of amelogenesis. The previous in vitro study showed that the synthetic phosphorylated peptide based on C4orf26 protein sequence accelerates hydroxyapatite nucleation. Here we show the molecular cloning of Gm1045, mouse homologue of C4orf26, which has 2 splicing isoforms. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the immunolocalization of Gm1045 is mainly observed in enamel matrix in vivo. Our report is the first to show that FAM20C, the Golgi casein kinase, phosphorylates C4orf26 and Gm1045 in cell cultures. The extracellular localization of C4orf26/Gm1045 was regulated by FAM20C kinase activity. Thus, our data point out the biological importance of enamel matrix-kinase control of SCPP phosphoproteins and may have a broad impact on the regulation of amelogenesis and AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattanan Govitvattana
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Masaru Kaku
- Division of Bio-Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ohyama
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Haytham Jaha
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - I-Ping Lin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan
| | - Hanna Mochida
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Prasit Pavasant
- Center of Excellence in Regenerative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Yoshiyuki Mochida
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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13
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Identification of a Homozygous PEX26 Mutation in a Heimler Syndrome Patient. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050646. [PMID: 33926089 PMCID: PMC8146857 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the molecular genetic etiology of an 8-year-old boy with amelogenesis imperfecta in permanent dentition. Bilateral cochlear implants were placed due to sensorineural hearing loss, and there was no other family member with a similar phenotype. Peripheral blood samples were collected with the understanding and written consent of the participating family members. A constitutional chromosome study was performed for the proband. Genomic DNA was isolated, and whole exome sequencing was performed. A series of bioinformatic analyses were performed with the obtained paired-end sequencing reads, and the variants were filtered and annotated with dbSNP147. There was no abnormality in the constitutional chromosome study. Whole exome sequencing analysis with trio samples identified a homozygous mutation (c.506T>C, p. (Leu169Pro)) in the PEX26 gene. We verified “temperature sensitivity (ts)” of patient-derived Pex26-L169P by expression in pex26 CHO mutant ZP167 cells to determine the effect of the L169P mutation on Pex26 function. The L169P mutation causes a mild ts-cellular phenotype representing the decreased peroxisomal import of catalase. This study supports the finding that the recessive mutations in PEX26 are associated with Heimler syndrome and demonstrates the importance of an early and correct diagnosis.
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14
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Translational Attenuation by an Intron Retention in the 5' UTR of ENAM Causes Amelogenesis Imperfecta. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050456. [PMID: 33922212 PMCID: PMC8145330 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a collection of rare genetic conditions affecting tooth enamel. The affected enamel can be of insufficient quantity and/or altered quality, impacting structural content, surface integrity and coloration. Heterozygous mutations in ENAM result in hypoplastic AI without other syndromic phenotypes, with variable expressivity and reduced penetrance, unlike other AI-associated genes. In this study, we recruited a Caucasian family with hypoplastic AI. Mutational analysis (using whole exome sequencing) revealed a splicing donor site mutation (NM_031889.3: c. -61 + 1G > A). Mutational effects caused by this variant were investigated with a minigene splicing assay and in vitro expression analysis. The mutation resulted in a retention of intron 1 and exon 2 (a normally skipped exon), and this elongated 5' UTR sequence attenuated the translation from the mutant mRNA. Structure and translation predictions raised the possibility that the long complex structures-especially a hairpin structure located right before the translation initiation codon of the mutant mRNA-caused reduced protein expression. However, there could be additional contributing factors, including additional uORFs. For the first time, we determined that a mutation altered the ENAM 5' UTR, but maintained the normal coding amino acid sequence, causing hypoplastic AI.
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15
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Ji Y, Li C, Tian Y, Gao Y, Dong Z, Xiang L, Xu Z, Gao Y, Zhang L. Maturation stage enamel defects in Odontogenesis-associated phosphoprotein (Odaph) deficient mice. Dev Dyn 2021; 250:1505-1517. [PMID: 33772937 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutation in Odontogenesis-associated phosphoprotein (ODAPH) has been reported to cause recessive hypomineralized amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) in human. However, the exact role of ODAPH in amelogenesis is still unknown. RESULTS ODAPH was identified as a novel constituent of the atypical basal lamina located at the interface between maturation ameloblasts and the enamel by dual immunofluorescence staining of ODAPH and LAMC2. Odaph knockout mice were generated to explore the function of ODAPH in amelogenesis. Odaph-/- mice teeth showed severely attrition and reduced enamel mineralization. Histological analysis showed from transition or early-maturation stage, ameloblasts were rapidly shortened, lost cell polarity, and exhibited cell pathology. Abundant enamel matrix marked by amelogenin was retained. Temporary cyst-like structures were formed between flattened epithelial cells and the enamel from maturation stage to eruption. The integrity of the atypical basal lamina was impaired indicated by the reduced diffuse expression of LAMC2 and AMTN. The expression of maturation stage related genes of Amtn, Klk4, Integrinβ6 and Slc24a4 were significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested Odaph played vital roles during amelogenesis by maintaining the integrity of the atypical basal lamina in maturation stage, which may contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of human AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikang Ji
- Department of Stomatology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiheng Dong
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Lili Xiang
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xu
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yuguang Gao
- Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, China.,Institute of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China.,Institute of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
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16
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Kim YJ, Lee Y, Zhang H, Song JS, Hu JCC, Simmer JP, Kim JW. A Novel De Novo SP6 Mutation Causes Severe Hypoplastic Amelogenesis Imperfecta. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:346. [PMID: 33652941 PMCID: PMC7996877 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a heterogeneous group of rare genetic disorders affecting tooth enamel formation. Here we report an identification of a novel de novo missense mutation [c.817_818delinsAT, p.(Ala273Met)] in the SP6 gene, causing non-syndromic autosomal dominant AI. This is the second paper on amelogenesis imperfecta caused by SP6 mutation. Interestingly the identified mutation in this study is a 2-bp variant at the same nucleotide positions as the first report, but with AT instead of AA insertion. Clinical phenotype was much more severe compared to the previous report, and western blot showed an extremely decreased level of mutant protein compared to the wild-type, even though the mRNA level was similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Jung Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Yejin Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.L.); (J.-S.S.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; (H.Z.); (J.C.-C.H.); (J.P.S.)
| | - Ji-Soo Song
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.L.); (J.-S.S.)
| | - Jan C.-C. Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; (H.Z.); (J.C.-C.H.); (J.P.S.)
| | - James P. Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA; (H.Z.); (J.C.-C.H.); (J.P.S.)
| | - Jung-Wook Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.L.); (J.-S.S.)
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17
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Odontogenesis-associated phosphoprotein truncation blocks ameloblast transition into maturation in Odaph C41*/C41* mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1132. [PMID: 33441959 PMCID: PMC7807025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80912-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations of Odontogenesis-Associated Phosphoprotein (ODAPH, OMIM *614829) cause autosomal recessive amelogenesis imperfecta, however, the function of ODAPH during amelogenesis is unknown. Here we characterized normal Odaph expression by in situ hybridization, generated Odaph truncation mice using CRISPR/Cas9 to replace the TGC codon encoding Cys41 into a TGA translation termination codon, and characterized and compared molar and incisor tooth formation in Odaph+/+, Odaph+/C41*, and OdaphC41*/C41* mice. We also searched genomes to determine when Odaph first appeared phylogenetically. We determined that tooth development in Odaph+/+ and Odaph+/C41* mice was indistinguishable in all respects, so the condition in mice is inherited in a recessive pattern, as it is in humans. Odaph is specifically expressed by ameloblasts starting with the onset of post-secretory transition and continues until mid-maturation. Based upon histological and ultrastructural analyses, we determined that the secretory stage of amelogenesis is not affected in OdaphC41*/C41* mice. The enamel layer achieves a normal shape and contour, normal thickness, and normal rod decussation. The fundamental problem in OdaphC41*/C41* mice starts during post-secretory transition, which fails to generate maturation stage ameloblasts. At the onset of what should be enamel maturation, a cyst forms that separates flattened ameloblasts from the enamel surface. The maturation stage fails completely.
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18
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Kim Y, Kang J, Seymen F, Koruyucu M, Zhang H, Kasimoglu Y, Bayram M, Tuna-Ince E, Bayrak S, Tuloglu N, Hu JC, Simmer J, Kim JW. Alteration of Exon Definition Causes Amelogenesis Imperfecta. J Dent Res 2020; 99:410-418. [PMID: 31999931 PMCID: PMC7088207 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520901708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a collection of genetic disorders affecting the quality and/or quantity of tooth enamel. More than 20 genes are, so far, known to be responsible for this condition. In this study, we recruited 3 Turkish families with hypomaturation AI. Whole-exome sequence analyses identified disease-causing mutations in each proband, and these mutations cosegregated with the AI phenotype in all recruited members of each family. The AI-causing mutations in family 1 were a novel AMELX mutation [NM_182680.1:c.143T>C, p.(Leu48Ser)] in the proband and a novel homozygous MMP20 mutation [NM_004771.3:c.616G>A, p.(Asp206Asn)] in the mother of the proband. Previously reported compound heterozygous MMP20 mutations [NM_004771.3:c.103A>C, p.(Arg35=) and c.389C>T, p.(Thr130Ile)] caused the AI in family 2 and family 3. Minigene splicing analyses revealed that the AMELX missense mutation increased exonic definition of exon 4 and the MMP20 synonymous mutation decreased exonic definition of exon 1. These mutations would trigger an alteration of exon usage during RNA splicing, causing the enamel malformations. These results broaden our understanding of molecular genetic pathology of tooth enamel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y.J. Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J. Kang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - F. Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M. Koruyucu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H. Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Y. Kasimoglu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M. Bayram
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - E.B. Tuna-Ince
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S. Bayrak
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Eskisehir Osmangazi, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - N. Tuloglu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Eskisehir Osmangazi, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - J.C.-C. Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J.P. Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J.-W. Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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19
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Transcriptome analysis of ankylosed primary molars with infraocclusion. Int J Oral Sci 2020; 12:7. [PMID: 32080164 PMCID: PMC7033215 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-019-0070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary molar ankylosis with infraocclusion can retard dental arch development and cause dental asymmetry. Despite its widespread prevalence, little is known about its molecular etiology and pathogenesis. To address this, RNA sequencing was used to generate transcriptomes of furcal bone from infraoccluded (n = 7) and non-infraoccluded (n = 9) primary second molars, all without succeeding biscuspids. Of the 18 529 expressed genes, 432 (2.3%) genes were differentially expressed between the two groups (false discovery rate < 0.05). Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis showed clear separation in gene expression between infraoccluded and non-infraoccluded samples. Pathway analyses indicated that molar ankylosis is associated with the expression of genes consistent with the cellular inflammatory response and epithelial cell turnover. Independent validation using six expressed genes by immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the corresponding proteins are strongly expressed in the developing molar tooth germ, in particular the dental follicle and inner enamel epithelium. The descendants of these structures include the periodontal ligament, cementum, bone and epithelial rests of Malassez; tissues that are central to the ankylotic process. We therefore propose that ankylosis involves an increased inflammatory response associated with disruptions to the developmental remnants of the dental follicle and epithelial rests of Malassez.
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20
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Lepperdinger U, Maurer E, Witsch-Baumgartner M, Stigler R, Zschocke J, Lussi A, Kapferer-Seebacher I. Expanding the phenotype of hypomaturation amelogenesis imperfecta due to a novel SLC24A4 variant. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:3519-3525. [PMID: 32034543 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03222-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Biallelic variants in solute carrier family 24 member 4 (SLC24A4) have been previously reported to cause non-syndromic autosomal recessive amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) of the pigmented hypomaturation type (MIM #615887). We here describe a novel variant in SLC24A4 causing mild enamel hypomaturation defects also in heterozygous individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present pedigree analysis, a large consanguineous Syrian family with AI of the hypomaturation type was investigated by clinical and dental evaluation, and exome and Sanger sequencing. Dental histological investigations of seven primary and two permanent teeth were performed. RESULTS Homozygous variants in SLC24A4 (c.1604G>A; p.Gly535Asp) were identified in five individuals with brown discolorations and irregular pits and grooves of the teeth. Severe attritions, occlusal abfractions, and the radiological lack of contrast between enamel and dentin point out a mineralization defect. Histological dental investigations confirmed the clinical diagnosis of AI of the hypomaturation type. In two heterozygous individuals, a mild hypomaturation defect was present with white and light brown enamel discolorations. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of heterozygous SLC24A4 variants causing mild hypomaturation defects, providing confirmatory evidence that the function of SLC24A4 in calcium transport has a crucial role in the maturation stage of amelogenesis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The present report is expanding the clinical phenotype of SLC24A4 variants to more severe forms of amelogenesis imperfecta. An autosomal-dominant inheritance pattern with mild clinical phenotypes in heterozygotes has to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Lepperdinger
- Department of Operative and Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Maurer
- Division of Human Genetics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Robert Stigler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Zschocke
- Division of Human Genetics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Adrian Lussi
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University Medical Centre, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ines Kapferer-Seebacher
- Department of Operative and Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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21
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Marangoni P, Charles C, Ahn Y, Seidel K, Jheon A, Ganss B, Krumlauf R, Viriot L, Klein OD. Downregulation of FGF Signaling by Spry4 Overexpression Leads to Shape Impairment, Enamel Irregularities, and Delayed Signaling Center Formation in the Mouse Molar. JBMR Plus 2019; 3:e10205. [PMID: 31485553 PMCID: PMC6715786 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
FGF signaling plays a critical role in tooth development, and mutations in modulators of this pathway produce a number of striking phenotypes. However, many aspects of the role of the FGF pathway in regulating the morphological features and the mineral quality of the dentition remain unknown. Here, we used transgenic mice overexpressing the FGF negative feedback regulator Sprouty4 under the epithelial keratin 14 promoter (K14‐Spry4) to achieve downregulation of signaling in the epithelium. This led to highly penetrant defects affecting both cusp morphology and the enamel layer. We characterized the phenotype of erupted molars, identified a developmental delay in K14‐Spry4 transgenic embryos, and linked this with changes in the tooth developmental sequence. These data further delineate the role of FGF signaling in the development of the dentition and implicate the pathway in the regulation of tooth mineralization. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus is published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Marangoni
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences University of California San Francisco CA USA
| | - Cyril Charles
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon Univ Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon France
| | - Youngwook Ahn
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research Kansas City MO USA
| | - Kerstin Seidel
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences University of California San Francisco CA USA
| | - Andrew Jheon
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences University of California San Francisco CA USA
| | | | - Robb Krumlauf
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research Kansas City MO USA.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Kansas University Medical Center Kansas City KS USA
| | - Laurent Viriot
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon Univ Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon France
| | - Ophir D Klein
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences University of California San Francisco CA USA.,Department of Pediatrics and Institute for Human Genetics University of California San Francisco CA USA
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22
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Mori H, Izawa T, Mori H, Watanabe K, Kanno T, Tanaka E. Skeletal open bite with amelogenesis imperfecta treated with compression osteogenesis: a case report. Head Face Med 2019; 15:3. [PMID: 30691484 PMCID: PMC6348607 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-019-0187-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We successfully treated a 37-year-old male who had skeletal open bite with severe amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) with orthodontics, compression osteogenesis, and prosthodontics. Case presentation The patient was diagnosed with severe anterior open bite caused by severe AI. Corticotomy was performed on both buccal and palatal sides of the molar regions, and anchor plates were placed onto the bilateral zygomatic buttress and the center of the hard palate. After corticotomy, posterior maxillary segments were moved 3.5 mm superiorly to correct skeletal open bite with elastic chains. After 8-month, overbite had decreased by 2.0 mm. After further 5 months of prosthodontic preparation, orthodontic appliances were removed, and provisional crowns were set on all teeth. The anterior open bite was corrected, and ideal occlusion with a Class I molar relationship was achieved. The upper first molars were intruded 3.5 mm, resulting in 3.0o counter-clockwise rotation of the mandible. The total active treatment period was 16 months. Acceptable occlusion with a good facial profile was well maintained throughout the 8-year retention period. Conclusions Our results indicate long-term stability after interdisciplinary treatment combining orthodontics, oral surgery, and prosthodontics in a patient with severe anterior open bite and AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Mori
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takashi Izawa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan
| | | | - Keiichiro Watanabe
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kanno
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine & Maxillofacial Trauma Center, Shimane University Hospital, Shimane, Japan
| | - Eiji Tanaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan. .,Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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23
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Koruyucu M, Kang J, Kim Y, Seymen F, Kasimoglu Y, Lee Z, Shin T, Hyun H, Kim Y, Lee S, Hu J, Simmer J, Kim J. Hypoplastic AI with Highly Variable Expressivity Caused by ENAM Mutations. J Dent Res 2018; 97:1064-1069. [PMID: 29554435 PMCID: PMC6055254 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518763152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth enamel, the hardest tissue in the human body, is formed after a complex series of interactions between dental epithelial tissue and the underlying ectomesenchyme. Nonsyndromic amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a rare genetic disorder affecting tooth enamel without other nonoral symptoms. In this study, we identified 2 novel ENAM mutations in 2 families with hypoplastic AI by whole exome sequencing. Family 1 had a heterozygous splicing donor site mutation in intron 4, NM_031889; c.123+2T>G. Affected individuals had hypoplastic enamel with or without the characteristic horizontal hypoplastic grooves in some teeth. Family 2 had a nonsense mutation in the last exon, c.1842C>G, p.(Tyr614*), that was predicted to truncate the protein by 500 amino acids. Participating individuals had at least 1 mutant allele, while the proband had a homozygous mutation. Most interestingly, the clinical phenotype of the individuals harboring the heterozygous mutation varied from a lack of penetrance to a mild hypoplastic enamel defect. We believe that these findings will broaden our understanding of the clinical phenotype of AI caused by ENAM mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Koruyucu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - J. Kang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y.J. Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - F. Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Y. Kasimoglu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Z.H. Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - T.J. Shin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H.K. Hyun
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y.J. Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S.H. Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J.C.C. Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J.P. Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J.W. Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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24
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Nowwarote N, Theerapanon T, Osathanon T, Pavasant P, Porntaveetus T, Shotelersuk V. Amelogenesis imperfecta: A novel FAM83H mutation and characteristics of periodontal ligament cells. Oral Dis 2018; 24:1522-1531. [PMID: 29949226 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To delineate orodental features, dental mineral density, genetic aetiology and cellular characteristics associated with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Three affected patients in a family were recruited. Whole-exome sequencing was used to identify mutations confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The proband's teeth were subjected for mineral density analysis by microcomputerised tomography and characterisation of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs). RESULTS The patients presented yellow-brown, pitted and irregular enamel. A novel nonsense mutation, c.1261G>T, p.E421*, in exon 5 of the FAM83H was identified. The mineral density of the enamel was significantly decreased in the proband. The patient's PDLCs (FAM83H cells) exhibited reduced ability of cell proliferation and colony-forming unit compared with controls. The formation of stress fibres was remarkably present. Upon cultured in osteogenic induction medium, FAM83H cells, at day 7 compared to day 3, had a significant reduction of BSP, COL1 and OCN mRNA expression and no significant change in RUNX2. The upregulation of ALP mRNA levels and mineral deposition were comparable between FAM83H and control cells. CONCLUSIONS We identified the novel mutation in FAM83H associated with autosomal dominant hypocalcified AI. The FAM83H cells showed reduced cell proliferation and expression of osteogenic markers, suggesting altered PDLCs in FAM83H-associated AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunthawan Nowwarote
- Genomics and Precision Dentistry Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanakorn Theerapanon
- Genomics and Precision Dentistry Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Excellence Center in Regenerative Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prasit Pavasant
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Excellence Center in Regenerative Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thantrira Porntaveetus
- Genomics and Precision Dentistry Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Medical Genetics, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
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25
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Ioannou S, Henneberg M. Dental signs attributed to congenital syphilis and its treatments in the Hamann-Todd Skeletal Collection. ANTHROPOLOGICAL REVIEW 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/anre-2017-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Syphilis in the United States during the 1800s and 1900s had a high prevalence rate causing great concern to health officials. Various measures were taken to control its spread. Mercuric treatments were used up until the introduction of penicillin. The aim of this paper is to determine whether dental abnormalities related to congenital syphilis in individuals who died of syphilis or syphilis-related causes, in the Hamman Todd Osteological Collection, occur and whether mercurial treatment was effective. Hutchinson, Moon and Fournier’s works were analyzed to determine dental abnormalities associated with congenital syphilis and its treatments and used as criteria. Hillson et al. (AJPA,107:25-40) standardized method of description of dental changes was used. In the Hamman Todd Osteological Collection in Cleveland, Ohio, 102 individuals had cause of death recorded in the catalogue as syphilis or lues, and 69 had causes of death relating to syphilis which included paresis (53), aortic insufficiency (15) and pericarditis (1). Thus altogether 171 individuals were studied. Dentition was examined to determine if dental abnormalities associated with congenital syphilis and its treatments were present in individuals not recorded as having congenital syphilis. Crania were examined for any osteological changes. One individual (2266) demonstrated dental malformations possibly related to the congenital disease itself, while three demonstrated dental abnormalities associated with mercuric treatments in childhood (2118, 2263 and 3097). No remarkable bone pathologies were evident on any skull. The use of pre-penicillin treatment of congenital syphilis may have been effective to maintain health into adulthood but not always in eradicating the infection. Effects of mercury on enamel formation and bone changes, need to be considered when making a differential diagnosis of syphilis/congenital syphilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Ioannou
- Biological Anthropology and Comparative Anatomy Research Unit, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide , South Australia
| | - Maciej Henneberg
- Henneberg Biological Anthropology and Comparative Anatomy Research Unit, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide , South Australia
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26
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Smith CEL, Poulter JA, Antanaviciute A, Kirkham J, Brookes SJ, Inglehearn CF, Mighell AJ. Amelogenesis Imperfecta; Genes, Proteins, and Pathways. Front Physiol 2017; 8:435. [PMID: 28694781 PMCID: PMC5483479 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is the name given to a heterogeneous group of conditions characterized by inherited developmental enamel defects. AI enamel is abnormally thin, soft, fragile, pitted and/or badly discolored, with poor function and aesthetics, causing patients problems such as early tooth loss, severe embarrassment, eating difficulties, and pain. It was first described separately from diseases of dentine nearly 80 years ago, but the underlying genetic and mechanistic basis of the condition is only now coming to light. Mutations in the gene AMELX, encoding an extracellular matrix protein secreted by ameloblasts during enamel formation, were first identified as a cause of AI in 1991. Since then, mutations in at least eighteen genes have been shown to cause AI presenting in isolation of other health problems, with many more implicated in syndromic AI. Some of the encoded proteins have well documented roles in amelogenesis, acting as enamel matrix proteins or the proteases that degrade them, cell adhesion molecules or regulators of calcium homeostasis. However, for others, function is less clear and further research is needed to understand the pathways and processes essential for the development of healthy enamel. Here, we review the genes and mutations underlying AI presenting in isolation of other health problems, the proteins they encode and knowledge of their roles in amelogenesis, combining evidence from human phenotypes, inheritance patterns, mouse models, and in vitro studies. An LOVD resource (http://dna2.leeds.ac.uk/LOVD/) containing all published gene mutations for AI presenting in isolation of other health problems is described. We use this resource to identify trends in the genes and mutations reported to cause AI in the 270 families for which molecular diagnoses have been reported by 23rd May 2017. Finally we discuss the potential value of the translation of AI genetics to clinical care with improved patient pathways and speculate on the possibility of novel treatments and prevention strategies for AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E L Smith
- Division of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, St. James's University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, United Kingdom.,Section of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience, St. James's University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, United Kingdom
| | - James A Poulter
- Section of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience, St. James's University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, United Kingdom
| | - Agne Antanaviciute
- Section of Genetics, School of Medicine, St. James's University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Kirkham
- Division of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, St. James's University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, United Kingdom
| | - Steven J Brookes
- Division of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, St. James's University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, United Kingdom
| | - Chris F Inglehearn
- Section of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience, St. James's University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, United Kingdom
| | - Alan J Mighell
- Section of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience, St. James's University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, United Kingdom.,Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of LeedsLeeds, United Kingdom
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27
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Gasse B, Prasad M, Delgado S, Huckert M, Kawczynski M, Garret-Bernardin A, Lopez-Cazaux S, Bailleul-Forestier I, Manière MC, Stoetzel C, Bloch-Zupan A, Sire JY. Evolutionary Analysis Predicts Sensitive Positions of MMP20 and Validates Newly- and Previously-Identified MMP20 Mutations Causing Amelogenesis Imperfecta. Front Physiol 2017; 8:398. [PMID: 28659819 PMCID: PMC5469888 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) designates a group of genetic diseases characterized by a large range of enamel disorders causing important social and health problems. These defects can result from mutations in enamel matrix proteins or protease encoding genes. A range of mutations in the enamel cleavage enzyme matrix metalloproteinase-20 gene (MMP20) produce enamel defects of varying severity. To address how various alterations produce a range of AI phenotypes, we performed a targeted analysis to find MMP20 mutations in French patients diagnosed with non-syndromic AI. Genomic DNA was isolated from saliva and MMP20 exons and exon-intron boundaries sequenced. We identified several homozygous or heterozygous mutations, putatively involved in the AI phenotypes. To validate missense mutations and predict sensitive positions in the MMP20 sequence, we evolutionarily compared 75 sequences extracted from the public databases using the Datamonkey webserver. These sequences were representative of mammalian lineages, covering more than 150 million years of evolution. This analysis allowed us to find 324 sensitive positions (out of the 483 MMP20 residues), pinpoint functionally important domains, and build an evolutionary chart of important conserved MMP20 regions. This is an efficient tool to identify new- and previously-identified mutations. We thus identified six functional MMP20 mutations in unrelated families, finding two novel mutated sites. The genotypes and phenotypes of these six mutations are described and compared. To date, 13 MMP20 mutations causing AI have been reported, making these genotypes and associated hypomature enamel phenotypes the most frequent in AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Gasse
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, UMR 7138-Evolution Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie CurieParis, France
| | - Megana Prasad
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMRS_1112, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, FMTS, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France
| | - Sidney Delgado
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, UMR 7138-Evolution Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie CurieParis, France
| | - Mathilde Huckert
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMRS_1112, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, FMTS, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France.,Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France
| | - Marzena Kawczynski
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France.,Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, O-Rares, Hôpitaux Universitaires de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France
| | - Annelyse Garret-Bernardin
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France.,Unit of Dentistry, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children's HospitalRome, Italy
| | - Serena Lopez-Cazaux
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Département d'Odontologie Pédiatrique, Centre de Compétences Maladies Rares, CHU Hôtel Dieu, Service d'odontologie Conservatrice et PédiatriqueNantes, France
| | - Isabelle Bailleul-Forestier
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, CHU de Toulouse, Centre de Compétences Maladies Rares, Odontologie Pédiatrique, Université Paul SabatierToulouse, France
| | - Marie-Cécile Manière
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France.,Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, O-Rares, Hôpitaux Universitaires de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France
| | - Corinne Stoetzel
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMRS_1112, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, FMTS, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France
| | - Agnès Bloch-Zupan
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France.,Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, O-Rares, Hôpitaux Universitaires de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France.,Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U964, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire and Cellulaire, Université de StrasbourgIllkirch, France.,Institut d'Etudes Avancées, Université de Strasbourg, USIASStrasbourg, France.,Eastman Dental Institute, University College LondonLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Yves Sire
- Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, UMR 7138-Evolution Paris-Seine, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie CurieParis, France
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28
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Kim YJ, Kang J, Seymen F, Koruyucu M, Gencay K, Shin TJ, Hyun HK, Lee ZH, Hu JCC, Simmer JP, Kim JW. Analyses of MMP20 Missense Mutations in Two Families with Hypomaturation Amelogenesis Imperfecta. Front Physiol 2017; 8:229. [PMID: 28473773 PMCID: PMC5397402 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta is a group of rare inherited disorders that affect tooth enamel formation, quantitatively and/or qualitatively. The aim of this study was to identify the genetic etiologies of two families presenting with hypomaturation amelogenesis imperfecta. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples obtained from participating family members. Whole exome sequencing was performed using DNA samples from the two probands. Sequencing data was aligned to the NCBI human reference genome (NCBI build 37.2, hg19) and sequence variations were annotated with the dbSNP build 138. Mutations in MMP20 were identified in both probands. A homozygous missense mutation (c.678T>A; p.His226Gln) was identified in the consanguineous Family 1. Compound heterozygous MMP20 mutations (c.540T>A, p.Tyr180* and c.389C>T, p.Thr130Ile) were identified in the non-consanguineous Family 2. Affected persons in Family 1 showed hypomaturation AI with dark brown discoloration, which is similar to the clinical phenotype in a previous report with the same mutation. However, the dentition of the Family 2 proband exhibited slight yellowish discoloration with reduced transparency. Functional analysis showed that the p.Thr130Ile mutant protein had reduced activity of MMP20, while there was no functional MMP20 in the Family 1 proband. These results expand the mutational spectrum of the MMP20 and broaden our understanding of genotype-phenotype correlations in amelogenesis imperfecta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Jung Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - Jenny Kang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - Figen Seymen
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul UniversityIstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mine Koruyucu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul UniversityIstanbul, Turkey
| | - Koray Gencay
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul UniversityIstanbul, Turkey
| | - Teo Jeon Shin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - Hong-Keun Hyun
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - Zang Hee Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
| | - Jan C-C Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of DentistryAnn Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James P Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of DentistryAnn Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jung-Wook Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National UniversitySeoul, Korea
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