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Ge KX, Quock R, Yan F, Lam WYH, Chu CH, Yu OY. Ion release of the glass ionomer restoration with silver diamine fluoride dentin pretreatment. J Dent 2024; 148:105247. [PMID: 39025427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the fluoride and silver ion release of glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorations, including conventional GIC (CGIC) and resin-modified GIC (RMGIC) restorations, with 38 % silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution dentin pretreatment. METHODS Eighty dentin blocks were allocated into 4 groups and restored with SDF+CGIC, CGIC, SDF+RMGIC and RMGIC, respectively. Each block was stored in deionized water at 37 °C for 2 years. Fluoride and silver ion concentration in storage solution was measured using ion-selective electrode and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry for up to 2 years. The cross-sectional surfaces of restored dentin blocks were assessed by X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) after 1 week and 2 years, respectively. RESULTS The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of accumulative fluoride releasing in SDF+CGIC, CGIC, SDF+RMGIC and RMGIC for 2 years were 0.13±0.005 mg, 0.09±0.006 mg, 0.15±0.008 mg and 0.05±0.003 mg, respectively (Groups SDF+RMGIC > SDF+CGIC > CGIC >RMGIC, p < 0.05). The mean ± SD of accumulative silver releasing in SDF+CGIC, CGIC, SDF+RMGIC and RMGIC for 2 years were 0.03±0.009 mg, 0.00±0.00 mg, 0.01±0.003 mg, and 0.00±0.00 mg, respectively (Groups SDF+CGIC > SDF+RMGIC > CGIC&RMGIC, p < 0.05). Groups SDF+CGIC and SDF+RMGIC showed sustainably higher fluoride and silver releasing compared to Groups CGIC and RMGIC (p < 0.05). XRD analysis indicated the fluorapatite and silver chloride were observed only in Groups SDF+CGIC and SDF+RMGIC, but not in Groups CGIC and RMGIC. SEM images of the cross-sectional view of the dentin blocks showed silver crystals within dentinal tubules 1 week and 2-year in Groups with SDF pretreatment. CONCLUSION The 38 % SDF dentin pretreatment sustainably increased the fluoride and silver release of GIC and RMGIC restorations for up to 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Xingyun Ge
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, S.A.R., PR China
| | - Ryan Quock
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, S.A.R., PR China; Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, Hong Kong, S.A.R., PR China
| | - Walter Yu-Hang Lam
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, S.A.R., PR China
| | - Chun-Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, S.A.R., PR China
| | - Ollie Yiru Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, S.A.R., PR China.
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Xu Y, Mou J, Dai J. VMT/ACP/Dextran composite nanosheets against dental caries through promoting mineralization of dentin tubules, pH buffering, and antibacterial. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:490. [PMID: 39153990 PMCID: PMC11330022 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02709-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a worldwide public healthcare concern, and is closely related to the acidic environment that caused by bacterial decomposition of food. In this study, a two-step ion exchange liquid-phase stripping method was applied to strip out vermiculite (VMT) nanosheets, then amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and dextran were inserted between the VMT nanosheets interlayer to obtain a composite two-dimension nanosheets (VMT/ACP/Dextran). VMT/ACP/Dextran composite nanosheets exhibited excellent biocompatibility and could provide exogenous Ca2+and PO43- from ACP, provide SiO44-, Mg2+, Fe2+ and obtain buffering pH and antibacterial properties from VMT, as well as improve suspension stability and targeting Streptococcus mutans through glucan. The in vitro study showed that the composite materials could promote the mineralization and sealing of dentin tubules by releasing active ions, buffer pH 4.5 (a value close to the pH in the dental plaque environment) to pH 6.6-7.1 (values close to the pH in human saliva) through ion exchange, and exert antibacterial effects by targeting Streptococcus mutans and exerting oxidase like and peroxidase like activities to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). The in vivo animal study showed that daily cleaning teeth using VMT/ACP/Dextran composite nanosheets could effectively reduce the incidence rate and severity of dental caries in rats. Taking together, the developed VMT/ACP/Dextran composite nanosheets, which integrated the excellent properties of VMT, ACP and dextran, can effectively prevent dental caries through a combination of factors such as buffering acids, antibacterial properties, and promoting calcification, and may be used as an active ingredient for daily oral hygiene or filling materials to prevent and treat dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Xu
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Juan Mou
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
| | - Jiewen Dai
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Min SN, Duangthip D, Detsomboonrat P. Effects of light curing on silver diamine fluoride-treated carious lesions: A systematic review. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306367. [PMID: 39133713 PMCID: PMC11318914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to evaluate the potential benefits and underlying mechanisms of combining SDF with light curing, based on available studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic search of publications was conducted with the keywords "silver diamine fluoride" or "silver fluoride" and "dental light curing," "LED curing," "dental laser," and "dental polymerization" in 4 databases: PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus, and Google Scholar to identify English-language articles published up to March 2023. Duplicate publications were deleted. Two reviewers screened the titles and abstracts and excluded irrelevant publications. The full text of the remaining publications was retrieved. Studies investigating the effect of light-curing on SDF-treated carious lesions were included. RESULTS The 175 publications initially found included 5 laboratory studies investigating the effects of light curing on 38% SDF-treated dentine carious lesions, but no clinical study was found. Four of these studies were conducted on extracted primary teeth, and one was on extracted permanent teeth. SDF with light curing increased microhardness (n = 3, p < .05) showed a higher mineral density (n = 1, p < .041) and had more silver ion precipitation in infected dentine (n = 1, p < .016) compared to SDF without light curing. Moreover, no significant differences in the antibacterial activity were observed between SDF with light curing and SDF alone (n = 1, p > .05). CONCLUSION Drawing from the limited number of laboratory studies, incorporating light curing subsequent to the SDF application yields potential favorable outcomes that include augmented microhardness, elevated mineral density, and heightened silver ion precipitation within infected dentine. Future clinical research is required to confirm or refute the benefit of light curing on SDF-treated carious lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saw Nay Min
- Postdoctoral Researcher Program in Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Palinee Detsomboonrat
- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Sun IG, Duangthip D, Zheng FM, Luo BW, Lo ECM, Chu CH. A randomised clinical trial to arrest caries using silver diamine fluoride therapy with two postoperative instructions. J Dent 2024:105308. [PMID: 39137876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate the beneficial effect of not rinsing for 30 minutes in arresting early childhood caries after SDF therapy. METHODS This randomised clinical trial recruited 3- to 4-year-old kindergarten children with active (soft) dentine caries. A questionnaire was sent to the parents to collect children's demographic data and oral health-related behaviours. A dentist conducted an oral examination and measured the caries experience using dmft index and oral hygiene using visible plaque index. After 38% SDF therapy, the children were randomly allocated into two groups. Children in group A were instructed to rinse with water immediately, whereas children in group B were asked to refrain from rinsing, drinking, or eating for 30 minutes. After six months, the same examiner determined the lesion activity (active/arrest) of the SDF-treated carious tooth surface. Generalized Estimating Equations was used to compare the proportion of caries arrest (caries-arrest rate) between the two groups. RESULTS This study recruited 298 children with 1,158 decayed tooth surfaces receiving SDF therapy at baseline and evaluated 275 (92%) children with 1,069 (92%) SDF-treated tooth-surface at the six-month examination. The demographic background, oral hygiene and caries status of two groups were comparable at baseline (p>0.05). The caries-arrest rate for group A and group B were 65% (337/519) and 61% (338/550), respectively (p=0.28). CONCLUSION This randomised clinical trial found the postoperative instructions of immediate rinsing or refraining from rinsing, drinking, or eating for 30 minutes after SDF therapy had no significant effect on caries arrest in primary teeth. CONCLUSION This randomised clinical trial found not rinsing for 30 minutes after SDF therapy is not better than immediate rinsing in arresting early childhood caries. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Topical SDF application leaves an unpleasant taste in the mouth, which may affect the acceptance or even rejection of SDF therapy among young children. This study provides clinicians with information to make their decision on postoperative instruction after SDF therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Guofang Sun
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, the United States
| | | | - Bella Weijia Luo
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Zaeneldin A, Chu CH, Yu OY. Diffusion of Silver Diamine Fluoride Solution in Dentine: An In Vitro Study. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00152-7. [PMID: 39097438 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this research was to assess the diffusion dynamics of silver and fluoride ions after 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution application on dentine of varying thicknesses over 24 weeks. METHODS Bovine dentine discs of 5.5 mm in diameter were prepared and separated into 3 groups with thicknesses of 0.5 mm (group 1), 1.0 mm (group 2), and 1.5 mm (group 3). The diameter and number of dentinal tubules of discs were assessed. Each disc received a topical application of 0.05 mL 38% SDF solution. The deionised water in the tube was collected weekly for 24 weeks. The silver and the fluoride ion concentrations in the collected deionised water were determined. Generalised estimating equations was used to explore the potential effects of the key factors on the silver/fluoride diffusion. RESULTS The amount of silver and fluoride ion diffusion through dentine almost levelled off after 4 weeks and showed a decline trend over 24 weeks. The mean (SD) 24-week cumulative ion diffusion through dentine in groups 1, 2, and 3 was as follows: 20 (4) μg, 10 (2) μg, and 5 (1) μg for silver (P < .05) and 18 (2) μg, 13 (2) μg, and 7 (1) μg for fluoride (P < .05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Silver and fluoride ion diffusion through dentine showed a decline trend over 24 weeks. The diameter and the number of dentinal tubules on dentine with different thicknesses affects the ion diffusion dynamics. This study provides indications on the pattern of silver/fluoride ions diffusion through dentine to pulp after 38% SDF application. An increased amount of silver/fluoride diffuses through dentine into the pulp with decreased remaining dentine thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Zaeneldin
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, S.A.R., China
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, S.A.R., China
| | - Ollie Yiru Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, S.A.R., China.
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Xu GY, Zhao IS, Lung CYK, Yin IX, Lo ECM, Chu CH. Frontiers of Global Research Trend on Root Caries: A Bibliometric Analysis. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00161-8. [PMID: 39003120 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the global research trend and frontiers in the field of root caries. METHODS Two independent investigators searched the Web of Science Core Collection to include journal articles published on root caries from 1994 to 2023. They examined citation trends of the selected publications and performed bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer. Cooccurrence and cocitation analysis were used to calculate the burst strength of the most cited keywords and the most cited publications. RESULTS This study included 1144 publications (1004 scientific research articles and 140 review articles) for bibliometric analysis. The number of publications from 2018 to 2023 was 404, accounting for 35% (404/1144) over the last 30 years. The annual citation count showed a gradual upward trend with a surge from 2018. The cooccurrence analysis classified the publications into four clusters which were in vitro studies, prevention, microbiology, and epidemiology. Cocitation analysis revealed silver diamine fluoride, systematic review, and randomized clinical trial were the three main keywords; and their citation burst strength (period) were 17.2 (2017-2023), 9.4 (2015-2023), and 6.9 (2018-2023), respectively. Noninvasive treatment of root caries (narrative review), aetiology of root caries (narrative review), and use of silver diamine fluoride in arresting root caries (clinical trial) were the topics (publication type) of the three most cited publications; and their burst strength (period) were 8.9 (2017-2020), 5.9 (2017-2021), and 4.7 (2015-2018), respectively. CONCLUSION This study highlights the recent growing research interest in root caries, particularly on its microbiology, prevention, and the use of silver diamine fluoride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Yuchan Xu
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China; Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Irene Shuping Zhao
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China; Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | | | - Iris Xiaoxue Yin
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Valizade K, Seraj B, Ghadimi S, Kharazifard MJ, Chiniforush N. Effect of silver diamine fluoride combined with photodynamic therapy on primary enamel microhardness. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 49:104274. [PMID: 38997075 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) on primary enamel microhardness. MATERIALS AND METHODS This in vitro, experimental study was conducted on 40 extracted primary molars with sound buccal/lingual surfaces. The baseline enamel microhardness of the teeth was initially measured by a Vickers hardness tester. Next, the teeth were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 10) for treatment with SDF, PDT, SDF plus PDT, and control (no intervention). After the intervention, the teeth underwent a 14-day pH-cycling, and enamel microhardness was measured again. The change in microhardness was calculated for each group, and comparisons were made by two-way ANOVA and t-test (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS The mean secondary microhardness of the three intervention groups was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Despite slightly higher microhardness in SDF + PDT group, followed by the SDF group, the difference in secondary microhardness was not significant among the three intervention groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Treatment of primary enamel with SDF or PDT can increase its microhardness and enhance remineralization. However, combined use of SDF and PDT had no additional advantage over the use of SDF alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiana Valizade
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Seraj
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ghadimi
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Javad Kharazifard
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zadik Y. Reflections on Clinical Decision-Making in Contemporary Dental Practice. JAMA Intern Med 2024; 184:714-715. [PMID: 38709528 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.0291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yehuda Zadik
- Department of Oral Medicine, and Saligman Clinics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Quritum M, Abdella A, Amer H, El Desouky LM, El Tantawi M. Effectiveness of nanosilver fluoride and silver diamine fluoride in arresting early childhood caries: a randomized controlled clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:701. [PMID: 38890627 PMCID: PMC11184862 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04406-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most prevalent health problems affecting children worldwide is untreated caries in primary teeth. Agents to arrest caries are used to manage untreated decay in children in disadvantaged communities. Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF) overcomes the staining problems of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF). This study compared the clinical cariostatic effect of NSF to 38% SDF for arresting caries lesions. METHODS The study included 360 children younger than 4 years, with at least one active lesion, ICDAS score ≥ 3, recruited from nurseries in a rural area in Alexandria, Egypt, in 2022. They were randomly assigned to receive a single application of NSF at baseline, or two applications of SDF at baseline and after 6 months. The arrest of active carious lesions was assessed after 6 and 12 months using ICDAS criteria, and parents' satisfaction with child appearance was also assessed. Chi-Square test was used to compare the groups and multi-level multiple logistic regression was used to assess the effect of the intervention on caries arrest at lesion level and binary logistic regression was used to assess the effect at patient level. RESULTS 1853 active lesions were included in children whose mean (SD) age was 42.3 (8.2) months. The arrest rate was significantly higher in the NSF than the SDF group at lesion level (78.4% and 65.0% at 6 months and 71.3% and 56.3% at 12 months, p < 0.001). In regression analysis, NSF had significantly higher odds of caries arrest than SDF at lesion level (at 6 months, AOR = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.55, 4.26 and at 12 month, AOR = 3.27, 95% CI: 1.89, 5.67). Parents of children receiving NSF had significantly greater satisfaction with their children's dental appearance than those receiving SDF: (97.2% and 76.1%, respectively, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION NSF demonstrated greater effectiveness in arresting caries in preschool children without inducing black staining of teeth and with greater parental satisfaction than SDF. NSF can be an alternative to SDF in arresting caries especially in underprivileged communities. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered in the clinicaltrials.gov registry (#NCT05255913)-16/02/2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Quritum
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champolion St, 21527, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Abdella
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champolion St, 21527, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hala Amer
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champolion St, 21527, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Lubna M El Desouky
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champolion St, 21527, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt
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Hegde D, Suprabha BS, Rao A. Silver modified atraumatic restorative treatment: a paradigm shift in dental caries management. Prim Dent J 2024; 13:29-35. [PMID: 38888074 DOI: 10.1177/20501684241249545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) are treatment modalities that are minimally invasive and used for the prevention and control of dental caries. The amalgamation of these two techniques has led to the development of silver modified atraumatic restorative treatment (SMART). In this approach the carious lesion is restored with glass-ionomer cement (GIC) after SDF application. SMART effectively arrests caries without removing additional tooth structure, making it a promising option for caries management in children who lack cooperative ability.This article reviews the literature on SMART, the evidence regarding its applications in dental practice, its advantages, drawbacks, the scope for research, and clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damodar Hegde
- Damodar Hegde MDS Former Postgraduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Baranya Shrikrishna Suprabha MDS Professor and Head, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Arathi Rao MDS Professor and Associate Dean, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Baranya Shrikrishna Suprabha
- Damodar Hegde MDS Former Postgraduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Baranya Shrikrishna Suprabha MDS Professor and Head, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Arathi Rao MDS Professor and Associate Dean, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Arathi Rao
- Damodar Hegde MDS Former Postgraduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Baranya Shrikrishna Suprabha MDS Professor and Head, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Arathi Rao MDS Professor and Associate Dean, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Sun IG, Duangthip D, Chai HH, Luo BW, Lo ECM, Chu CH. Postoperative instructions for silver diamine fluoride therapy: A scoping review of current evidence and practice. J Dent 2024; 145:105029. [PMID: 38679132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has gained popularity in dentistry as an anti-hypersensitive and anti-caries agent. This study aims to review the postoperative instructions for SDF therapy and examine the evidence supporting these instructions in treating dentine hypersensitivity and caries control. DATA AND SOURCES Two independent reviewers searched three electronic databases (EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science) to identify clinical studies that used SDF to treat dentine hypersensitivity and dental caries. Additionally, they searched Google Chrome for information from manufacturers, the department of health, national dental organisations, authoritative dental organisations, and universities regarding SDF therapy for these conditions. Data on postoperative instructions were extracted, and their impact on the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity and caries control was investigated. STUDY SELECTION This review included 74 clinical studies, 11 sets of instructions from SDF manufacturers, and six recommendations from national dental organisations, departments of health and universities. Amongst the included records, 50 clinical studies, two manufacturers, and one department of health mentioned postoperative instructions for SDF therapy. The recommendations varied, from suggesting no specific instructions, immediate rinsing, refraining from eating or drinking for 30 to 60 min, and even avoiding brushing until the next day after SDF therapy. Notably, no clinical studies reported the effects of these postoperative instructions on the SDF treatment of dentine hypersensitivity or dental caries. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review highlights the presence of inconsistent postoperative instructions for SDF therapy in the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity and caries control. Furthermore, there is a lack of evidence supporting the effectiveness of these instructions. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE No evidence supports the postoperative instructions for SDF therapy for managing dentine hypersensitivity and dental caries. Studies are necessary to provide guidance for clinicians using SDF in their clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Guofang Sun
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States
| | | | - Bella Weijia Luo
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Muntean A, Mzoughi SM, Pacurar M, Candrea S, Inchingolo AD, Inchingolo AM, Ferrante L, Dipalma G, Inchingolo F, Palermo A, Bordea IR. Silver Diamine Fluoride in Pediatric Dentistry: Effectiveness in Preventing and Arresting Dental Caries-A Systematic Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:499. [PMID: 38671716 PMCID: PMC11049537 DOI: 10.3390/children11040499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tooth decay is considered a global scourge by the World Health Organization (WHO) starting at an early age. In recent years, silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has regained interest, particularly in pediatric dentistry, used to prevent the development of carious lesions or arrest their progression. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess, through a systematic review of the literature, the effectiveness of SDF, used in pedodontics, in temporary teeth, in preventing or arresting dental caries. MATERIAL AND METHODS An electronic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. The effect of SDF on both temporary and permanent teeth has been considered. RESULTS The inclusion criteria identified 16 randomized controlled trials involving patients aged 18 months to 13 years and followed over a period of 12-30 months. CONCLUSIONS SDF is a practical, accessible and effective non-invasive way to prevent and arrest caries in temporary and permanent teeth. Its application requires regular monitoring. The resulting black spot is diminished by immediate application of potassium iodide but this may affect its effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandrina Muntean
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 31 A. Iancu Street, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.M.); (S.M.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Soundouss Myriam Mzoughi
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 31 A. Iancu Street, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.M.); (S.M.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Mariana Pacurar
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine, Pharmacy Science and Technology “G. E. Palade” Targu Mures Romania, Gheorghe Marinescu Street, nr. 38, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| | - Sebastian Candrea
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 31 A. Iancu Street, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.M.); (S.M.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Laura Ferrante
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (A.M.I.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Andrea Palermo
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Birmingham B4 6BN, UK;
| | - Ioana Roxana Bordea
- Department of Oral Health, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 15 V. Babes Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Xu GY, Zhao IS, Lung CYK, Yin IX, Lo ECM, Chu CH. Silver Compounds for Caries Management. Int Dent J 2024; 74:179-186. [PMID: 38008704 PMCID: PMC10988255 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver metal and compounds have antibacterial properties, although their action's mechanisms are not fully understood. Scientists generally consider that silver disrupts the bacterial cell wall. It causes a structural change in the bacterial cell membrane and cytoplasm. It also stops deoxyribonucleic acid replication, resulting in inactivating enzymatic activity and cell death. The antimicrobial effect of silver-containing compounds relies on the release of bioactive silver ions. Hence, silver metal and compounds have been used in medicine to prevent infection for hundreds of years. Silver metal and compounds are also used as antibacterial agents in dentistry. Studies have shown that silver compounds are effective in the management of dental caries. Fluoride-containing silver compounds have been found in experiments to be beneficial at remineralising dental cavities. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) can assist in preventing and arresting tooth cavities. The World Health Organization included SDF in its Model List of Essential Medicine for both adults and children in 2021. Clinicians also use SDF to manage dentine hypersensitivity as well as to inhibit growth of periodontal pathogens. However, traditional silver compounds cause tooth discolouration because of the silver-staining effect. These side effects of their applications depend on the amount applied and the frequency of application. Researchers are developing nanosilver fluoride and silver nanoparticles to overcome the staining. This review gives an overview of the antibacterial mechanism of silver compounds, namely silver nitrate, silver fluoride, SDF, silver nanoparticles, and nano silver fluoride for caries management. The outlook for the future development of silver compounds will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Y Xu
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China; Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Irene S Zhao
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China; Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Christie Y K Lung
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Iris X Yin
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Edward C M Lo
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Kaur M, Shahid S, Karpukhina N, Anderson P, Wong FSL. Characterization of chemical reactions of silver diammine fluoride and hydroxyapatite under remineralization conditions. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2024; 5:1332298. [PMID: 38496333 PMCID: PMC10940413 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2024.1332298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Silver Diammine Fluoride (SDF) is a clinically used topical agent to arrest dental caries. However, the kinetics of its chemical interactions with hydroxyapatite (HA), the principal inorganic component of dental enamel, are not known. The aim was to characterize the step-wise chemical interactions between SDF and HA powder during the clinically important process of remineralization. Methods Two grams of HA powder were immersed in 10 ml acetic acid pH = 4.0 for 2 h to mimic carious demineralization. The powder was then washed and dried for 24 h and mixed with 1.5 ml SDF (Riva Star) for 1 min. The treated powder was then air-dried for 3 min, and 0.2 g was removed and stored in individual tubes each containing 10 ml remineralizing solution. Powder was taken from each tube at various times of exposure to remineralization solution (0 min, 10 min, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 24 h, and 10 days), and characterized using Magic Angle Spinning-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS-NMR) spectroscopy. Results and discussion 19F MAS-NMR spectra showed that calcium fluoride (CaF2) started to form almost immediately after HA was in contact with SDF. After 24 h, the peak shifted to -104.5 ppm suggesting that fluoride substituted hydroxyapatite (FSHA) was formed with time at the expense of CaF2. The 31P MAS-NMR spectra showed a single peak at 2.7 ppm at all time points showing that the only phosphate species present was crystalline apatite. The 35Cl MAS-NMR spectra showed formation of silver chloride (AgCl) at 24 h. It was observed that after the scan, the whitish HA powder changed to black color. In conclusion, this time sequence study showed that under remineralization conditions, SDF initially reacted with HA to form CaF2 which is then transformed to FSHA over time. In the presence of chloride, AgCl is formed which is subsequently photo-reduced to black metallic silver.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - F. S. L. Wong
- Dental Physical Sciences Unit, Centre for Oral Bioengineering, Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Quritum M, Abdella A, Amer H, El Tantawi M. Effect of silver diamine fluoride and nano silver fluoride on oral health-related quality of life of children with early childhood caries: A randomized clinical trial. J Dent 2024; 142:104878. [PMID: 38311016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Untreated caries in primary teeth is one of the most prevalent health problems in children worldwide. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) non-invasively arrests caries but causes staining unlike Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF) which causes no stains. This study compared the effect of NSF and 38 % SDF on the oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) of preschool children after 6 months. METHODS Children were included if they were younger than 4 years, with at least one active lesion, ICDAS score ≥3, attending nurseries in a rural area in Alexandria, Egypt. They were randomly assigned to receive NSF once at baseline, or SDF at baseline and after 6 months. The Arabic version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (A-ECOHIS) was used to assess the OHRQoL. The groups were compared using chi-square test and the effect of the intervention on OHRQoL was assessed using multiple linear regression. RESULTS 360 children were included, mean (SD) age = 42.3 (8.2) months. After 6 months, NSF had significantly lower A-ECOHIS scores than SDF in bivariate analysis (p< 0.05) and in regression analysis (B= -5.02, p = 0.001) after adjusting for confounders. There were significant reductions in the A-ECOHIS total and domains' scores in both study groups, except for the social interaction domain in the SDF group. CONCLUSION After 6-month, both agents significantly improved children's OHRQoL although NSF had a significantly better impact on OHRQoL than SDF. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Patient-reported outcomes support the inclusion of the two agents among the options for ECC management with better effect on quality of life after NSF. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered in the clinicaltrials.gov registry (#NCT05255913).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Quritum
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Abdella
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hala Amer
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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16
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de Lavôr JR, de Abreu RSA, Costa SGDA, de Brito DHS, Dos Santos TGFT, Almeida NKVDL, da Silva MCPM, Júnior ADFC, Heimer MV, Galembeck A, Rosenblatt A. Efficacy of a high concentration of nano silver fluoride in preventing caries: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Exp Dent 2024; 16:e263-e269. [PMID: 38600926 PMCID: PMC11003279 DOI: 10.4317/jced.60776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the effectiveness of a novel agent containing Nano Silver Fluoride 1500 (NSF 1500) and chitosan to inactivate carious lesions in children. Material and Methods The study included eighty children. While both groups had fluoride dentifrice applied to their teeth, only the experimental group received treatment with the NSF 1500-ppm solution. The first and sixth-month interval examinations were conducted by two calibrated dentists (k = 0.85). Results The NSF 1500 group had 69.2% of their teeth with arrested decay, while the control group had 24.1%. The difference was statistically significant (p 0.001), with a preventive fraction of 59.4%. The number needed to treat (NNT) was approximately two. The NSF 1500 formulation was more effective than toothbrushing alone with fluoridated dentifrice in preventing dental caries. Conclusions The effectiveness of NSF 1500 is determined by the size and depth of the dental cavity. Its ability to arrest caries lesions was comparable to previously tested products, NSF 400 and NSF 600. Key words:Preventive dentistry, dental caries, nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane-Rolim de Lavôr
- DDS, MSc, PhD student. University of Pernambuco, School of Dentistry - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Samylla-Glória-de Araújo Costa
- DDS, MSc student. University of Pernambuco, School of Dentistry - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Débora-Heloísa-Silva de Brito
- DDS, MSc, PhD student. University of Pernambuco, School of Dentistry - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Arnaldo-de França-Caldas Júnior
- DDS, PhD, Professor. University of Pernambuco, School of Dentistry - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Mônica-Vilela Heimer
- DDS, PhD, Professor. University of Pernambuco, School of Dentistry - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - André Galembeck
- DDS, PhD, Professor. Federal University of Pernambuco - Chemistry Department, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Aronita Rosenblatt
- DDS, PhD, Professor. University of Pernambuco, School of Dentistry - Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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17
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Mohammed NY, Abdel-Ghany DM, Ben Hamadi N, Özdemir S, Selamoglu Z, Plavan G, Boufahja F, Elassar DM. The Impact of Silver Diamine Fluoride Only or Simultaneously With Potassium Iodide Treatment on the Bond Durability of Resin Composite Material on Primary Teeth. Cureus 2024; 16:e57064. [PMID: 38681260 PMCID: PMC11052556 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
We aim to evaluate the bond strength between resin composite and primary demineralized dentin, pretreated with silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and simultaneous SDF with potassium iodide (KI) after thermal aging. In this in vitro study, human carious-free primary molars were randomly assigned into three groups and prepared by exposing the superficial dentin. The primary dentin of each molar was demineralized. The first group (the control) received saline treatment before bond application. SDF was pretreated for the second group, whereas SDF and KI were used for the third. After that, the pretreated dentin was immediately built with resin composite bonded with a universal adhesive and kept wet for 24 hours. Then, the pretreated molars were prepared into beam specimens for microtensile bond strength (µTBS), 16 for each group, and subjected to thermal aging. Lastly, they were tested using a universal testing machine, and the resulting data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post hoc test. It was found that the SDF-KI group had a significant difference with both the control and SDF groups (p < 0.05), while the control and SDF groups showed no significant differences (p = 0.310). The SDF-KI group had the highest mean value of 11.73 ± 4.39 megapascal (MPa). In contrast, the control group had the lowest mean value of 9.31 ± 3.41 MPa. Post hoc pairwise comparison results showed that SDF-KI pretreatment had a significantly higher strength value than the control and SDF groups. Pretreatment of demineralized primary dentin with SDF-KI does not negatively affect the immediate loading of resin composite. However, under the limitation of this study, KI application after SDF pretreatment is recommended to enhance the bond's durability of resin composite to demineralized dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesreen Y Mohammed
- Dental Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EGY
| | - Dina M Abdel-Ghany
- Pediatric Dentistry and Oral Public Health Department, October 6 University, Giza, EGY
| | - Naoufel Ben Hamadi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, SAU
| | - Sadin Özdemir
- Food Processing Programme, Technical Science Vocational School, Mersin University, Mersin, TUR
| | - Zeliha Selamoglu
- Medical Biology Department, Medicine Faculty, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde, TUR
| | - Gabriel Plavan
- Biology Department, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi, ROU
| | - Fehmi Boufahja
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, SAU
| | - Dalia M Elassar
- Operative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EGY
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18
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da Luz NC, Monteiro V, de França Lopes CMC, Millan Cardenas AF, Chibinski ACR. Influence of silver fluoride plus potassium iodine on adhesive properties of primary carious dentin-resin interface: An in vitro study. Saudi Dent J 2024; 36:471-479. [PMID: 38525186 PMCID: PMC10960115 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper evaluated the influence of different protocols of silver fluoride (SF) pretreatment of artificial carious lesions on the adhesive interface of composite resin restorations and remineralization of deciduous dentin compared to silver diamine fluoride (SDF). Sixty-four deciduous molar teeth were randomly divided into 8 groups (n = 8) according to the restoration time (immediately - IM; 30 days after SDF/SF treatment - 30 D) and treatment before restoration (SDF 38 %; SDF 38 % + potassium iodide - KI; SF 38 %; SF 38 % +KI). After SDF/SF application, teeth in the IM group were restored with self-etch universal adhesive system/composite resin. Samples in the 30D groups were stored in artificial saliva (37 °C) for 30 days before receiving the same restoring protocol. Beams were obtained from all groups and subjected to bond strength tests (µTBS), ultrastructural qualitative analysis (FEG) and mineral analysis (SEM/EDX; Micro-Raman spectroscopy). The µTBS data were subjected to three-factor ANOVA and multiple comparisons (Holm-Sidak method). Bond strength values (MPa) for IM groups were 16.9 ± 2.7 (SDF); 17.6 ± 3.5 (SDF + KI); 16.8 ± 5.5 (SF); 18.4 ± 4.1 (SF + KI); and 14.9 ± 4.2 (SDF); 16.0 ± 5.4 (SDF + KI); 14.1 ± 3.6(SF); 16.4 ± 5.4 (SF + KI) for 30D groups. Bond strength wasn't influenced by the moment of restoration (IM or 30D); the use of KI didn't alter adhesion characteristics; SDF/SF solutions resulted in similar adhesive strength; calcium and phosphate expressions were identified at the interfaces on IM and 30D moments. However, 30D presented qualitative increase in these ions, compatible with remineralization. It was concluded that the adhesion of composite resin restorations in artificial caries lesions of deciduous teeth treated with SDF (38 %) and SF (38 %) had similar effects in vitro; the use of KI or the moment when restorations were accomplished did not influence the adhesion and all tested protocols promoted remineralization of carious dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vitória Monteiro
- Departament of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
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Osama S, Badran AS, Awad BG. Effect of silver diamine fluoride on the microleakage of flowable resin composite and glass ionomer cement restorations to carious primary dentin: an-in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:91. [PMID: 38229047 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03861-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) on the microleakage of flowable resin composite (FRC) and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorations bound to carious primary dentin. METHODS Forty-four extracted carious primary molars were allocated into four groups as follows (n = 11 teeth/group): Group I, Flowable resin composite (FRCa): SDF38% treatment + FRC, Group II, Flowable resin composite (FRCb): FRC without SDF treatment, Group III, Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (GICa): SDF38% treatment + GIC, Group IV, Resin-modified glass ionomer cement (GICb): GIC without SDF treatment. Specimens were subjected to thermo cycling at 500 cycles between 5 to 55 °C (dwell time of 60 seconds) in baths before being immersed for 24 h in a 1% toluidine blue solution. Microleakage testing was conducted for each specimen in two areas; occlusal and gingival. Specimens were evaluated under stereomicroscope at 4x magnification. Results were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test followed by pairwise comparisons utilizing Dunn's post hoc test at p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS Insignificant differences between different groups (p = 0.49) were observed at the gingival walls area readings. The highest value was found in GICb (2.33 ± 0.52), while the lowest value was found in FRCa (1.71 ± 0.76). Insignificant differences between different groups (p = 0.982) were observed at the occlusal walls area readings. The highest value was found in FRCa (1.43 ± 0.98), while the lowest value was found in GICb (1.17 ± 1.33). CONCLUSION SDF does not adversely affect the microleakage of FRC and GIC restorations bound to carious primary dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Osama
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira Saad Badran
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Basma Gamal Awad
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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20
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He S, Wu S, Duangthip D, Chu CH, Lo ECM. Teaching of silver diamine fluoride for the management of dental caries and hypersensitivity - situation in the Southeast Asia dental schools. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:815. [PMID: 37898744 PMCID: PMC10613390 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for caries management has raised dentists' interests in Southeast Asia (SEA). However, information about the teaching of SDF in dental schools in SEA is limited. Therefore, this survey aimed to describe the extent to which SDF had been introduced into the education of undergraduate students in the dental schools in SEA. METHODS An online questionnaire survey was conducted on the duration, method, contents, and barriers regarding the teaching of SDF. Teachers in charge of undergraduate program in pediatric dentistry and those in community dentistry in all the 90 dental schools in SEA were approached and we required each department to reply once only. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used to describe and assess the differences between the two departments in the teaching of SDF. RESULTS A total of 81 responses from the departments of 49 schools were received, giving a school-level response rate of 54% (49/90). SDF was taught in the undergraduate program in 86% (42/49) of the respondent schools, and 50% (21/42) of these schools had included SDF in the teaching for five or more years. Almost all (98%) of the departments taught SDF through lectures. Furthermore, 55% of them adopted SDF in clinical practice. Regarding the teaching content, the use of SDF for arresting cavitated caries lesion was the most commonly covered (82-97%), followed by for arresting early noncavitated lesions (69-82%), for preventing new caries development (66-79%) and for treating dental hypersensitivity (77%). There were variations in the post-treatment instruction taught. For the departments not teaching SDF, the most common reason (10/19, 53%) was that SDF was not available. CONCLUSION SDF is covered in the undergraduate program in most of the dental schools in SEA. The use of SDF to arrest cavitated caries lesions in primary teeth is usually taught. However, other applications of SDF, such as for prevention of caries and treatment of dental hypersensitivity, are less commonly mentioned in the teaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang He
- Applied Oral Sciences & Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Rd, Sai Wan Hong Kong, China
| | - Sicheng Wu
- Applied Oral Sciences & Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Rd, Sai Wan Hong Kong, China
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The Universitry of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Rd, Hong Kong, Sai Wan, China
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The Universitry of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Rd, Hong Kong, Sai Wan, China
| | - Edward Chin Man Lo
- Applied Oral Sciences & Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Rd, Sai Wan Hong Kong, China.
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Zheng FM, Yan IG, Duangthip D, Lo ECM, Gao SS, Chu CH. Caries Prevention Using Silver Diamine Fluoride: A 12-Month Clinical Trial. Int Dent J 2023; 73:667-673. [PMID: 36682908 PMCID: PMC10509425 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This clinical trial aimed to compare the caries-preventive effect of annual application of 38% silver diamine fluoride solution (SDF) with 5% sodium fluoride varnish (FV) to the anterior primary teeth of children. The hypothesis was that SDF was superior to FV at 1 year. Secondary objectives were to determine the child's cooperation and the parent's satisfaction and assess adverse effects. METHOD We recruited 688 3- to 4-year-old children and randomly allocated them to receive SDF or FV (positive control) on their 6 upper anterior teeth. Tooth-surface status was recorded using the decayed, missing, and filled surfaces index. A trained observer rated the child's cooperation as "totally cooperative" or "not totally cooperative." We used a questionnaire to determine the parent's satisfaction as "satisfied," "neutral," or "dissatisfied." Adverse effects (yes/no) were evaluated 1 day and about 1 year after treatment. RESULTS Of the children, 434 (SDF, n = 209; FV, n = 225) completed the trial. The mean new decayed tooth surfaces developed for SDF and FV groups were 0.4 ± 1.5 and 0.4 ± 1.3, respectively (P = .65). Child's cooperation for SDF and FV therapy was 71% (244/344) and 70% (241/344), respectively (P = .89). Parent's satisfaction for SDF and FV therapy was 71% (148/209) and 69% (155/225), respectively (P = .29). Adverse effects were found neither at 1 day nor at about 1 year after treatment for either treatment arm. CONCLUSIONS SDF is not superior to FV for caries prevention in primary upper anterior teeth at 1-year follow-up. Child's cooperation and parent's satisfaction were similarly high with SDF and FV therapy at 1-year follow-up. Neither short-term nor long-term adverse effects were observed. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04399369).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iliana Gehui Yan
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | - Sherry Shiqian Gao
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Zheng FM, Lo ECM, Chu CH. Outreach Service Using Silver Diamine Fluoride to Arrest Early Childhood Caries. Int Dent J 2023; 73:598-602. [PMID: 37612156 PMCID: PMC10509413 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.07.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Early childhood caries (ECC) is prevalent and affects more than half of 5-year-old children in Hong Kong. This study aims to report the development of an outreach dental service using silver diamine fluoride (SDF) to arrest ECC amongst kindergarten children in Hong Kong. A pilot outreach service was initiated in 2008 in 14 kindergartens. The pilot service provided screening to 1,749 3- to 5-year-old children. SDF was applied to 3,262 carious teeth of 786 children with parental consent. No significant complications were reported. The pilot service's success allowed the service to expand to 100 kindergartens in 2013. From 2010 to 2019, the service delivered 161,354 dental screenings and SDF therapy on 218,333 carious primary teeth in 53,821 children. ECC prevalence amongst the participating children declined from 43% in 2010 to 34% in 2019. A follow-up of 222 3-year-old children revealed that annual SDF therapy arrested 67% of ECC over 3 years. The children's participation rate and their parents' satisfaction rate with the service were greater than 90% each year. Moreover, the acceptance rate of SDF therapy to control ECC was 88%, although SDF stained carious lesions black. No adverse effects of SDF therapy were reported. A cross-sectional survey on a sample of 498 3- to 5-year-old children showed that 96% of the participating children had no dental fear or anxiety in this service, with encouragement and support from their peers and teachers. In 2019, the service was made available to all 1,024 kindergartens in Hong Kong. This kindergarten outreach dental service (Case Study HKU/04/003) was selected as an Impact Case Study in the thematic report "Health & Healthcare" by the Hong Kong University Grant Council (UGC). The UGC publishes thematic reports to give members of the public some concrete idea on what contributions academic research has brought to the society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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23
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Ajeigbe T, Casaus A. Audit: The use of silver diamine fluoride in a community dental service. Int J Paediatr Dent 2023; 33 Suppl 2:63-65. [PMID: 37665155 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Ajeigbe
- Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Casaus
- Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Baghlaf K, Sindi AE, Almughalliq FA, Alarifi NK, Alquthami R, alzahrani RA, Alhaid S. Effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride in indirect pulp capping in primary molars: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19462. [PMID: 37809634 PMCID: PMC10558611 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recently, clinical trials have assessed the effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) as an indirect pulp capping material (IPC) in primary teeth. This systematic review aimed to assess the evidence presented in these trials. Data sources A comprehensive search identified relevant studies through five electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane). Search strategies were designed using the PICO model to identify all studies that investigated SDF as an IPC compared to calcium hydroxide (CaOH) or mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Quality assessment and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) were used to assess the level of evidence. Study selection Four clinical trials were found to be suitable for inclusion in the qualitative synthesis and three studies were included in the quantitative analysis. Three studies compared SDF with CaOH and only one study compared SDF, CaOH, and MTA. Only one randomized controlled trial (RCT) had a low risk of bias, and the non-RCT study had a moderate risk of bias. The level of evidence based on the GRADE was low. Three out of four studies showed higher clinical and radiographic outcomes with SDF than with CaOH. One non-RCT study showed that SDF resulted in the least reparative dentin at the 6-months follow-up. The meta-analysis showed a non-significant difference between the SDF and CaOH groups (P = 0.36). Conclusion There is little evidence showing a higher clinical and radiographic outcome of SDF compared to CaOH as an IPC material in primary molars. Clinical significance This systematic review updates pediatric dentists regarding the effectiveness of using SDF as indirect pulp caping in primary teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khlood Baghlaf
- Pediatric Dentistry Department -King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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25
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Rinsathon J, Wiriyasuebpong S, Thariya K, Jiradechochai P, Phetsuk P, Bouanil S, Saikaew P, Pawaputanon Na Mahasarakham C. Bonding performance of glass ionomer cement to carious dentin treated with different surface treatment protocols using silver diamine fluoride. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14233. [PMID: 37648840 PMCID: PMC10468524 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41511-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) on the shear bond strength (SBS) to artificial carious dentin and GIC restorations with various SDF application protocols. Artificial caries were prepared on human dentin discs using bacteria model. These samples were randomly allocated to five groups (n = 10/group) according to the following treatment: (1) control group (CD): no treatment (2) CSR: dentin conditioner, SDF, and rinsing (3) CS: dentin conditioner and SDF (4) SRC: SDF, rinsing and dentin conditioner, and (5) SC: SDF and dentin conditioner. The treated-dentin surface was bonded with GIC and subjected to SBS test. Mean SBS was analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Surface morphology and elemental contents after surface treatment were examined (n = 3/group) by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). There was no significant difference in the mean SBS among CD (2.45 ± 0.99 MPa), CSR (1.76 ± 0.65 MPa), and SRC (2.64 ± 0.95 MPa). Meanwhile, the mean SBS of CS (0.35 ± 0.21 MPa) was significantly lower than the control and SRC group. SEM/EDX demonstrated deeper silver penetration in CSR and CS groups when compared to SRC and SC groups. SDF-modified GIC restorations resulted in significantly lower bond strength in CS and SC groups. The findings suggested treating the carious dentin surface with CSR and SRC protocol. SDF-treated carious dentin should be rinsed off prior to restore with GIC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suthinee Wiriyasuebpong
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kunwara Thariya
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Panupong Jiradechochai
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Porada Phetsuk
- Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sanit Bouanil
- Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Pipop Saikaew
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Alhabdan A, Almogbel S, Alawaji R, Aldosari G. Caries arrest using silver diamine fluoride: Knowledge, attitude, and perception of parents in Saudi Arabia. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:1110-1120. [PMID: 37635604 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_899_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The objective was to assess the current knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of parents toward the use of Silver Diamine Fluoride in children's primary teeth and identify related factors. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from Parents of pediatric patients who had appointments at the King Saud University Pediatric Dentistry Clinic and several private clinics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from Jan to April 2021. A simple random sampling method was used. An electronic questionnaire was designed to collect data regarding participants' demographics and their knowledge, attitude, and perception toward the use of SDF for their children. Results A higher proportion of parents/relatives (87.3%) was strongly satisfied with the speed of treatment and its benefits. In terms of disadvantages, 23.8% and 30.4% of the parents/relatives were satisfied and dissatisfied, respectively (P < 0.05). Regarding attitudes, the majority of participants 22.8% responded as neutral to using SDF to treat their children's anterior primary teeth (P < 0.05), whereas 32.2% agreed to the use of SDF in their children's posterior primary teeth (P < 0.05). A higher proportion of parents/relatives who were in the age group of >50 years (27.8%) had responded as "satisfied" compared with the responses of other age groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion The present study demonstrates that SDF is acceptable among Saudi parents/relatives to arrest dental caries. However, pigmentation of anterior teeth is a major concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Alhabdan
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Almogbel
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Alawaji
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - G Aldosari
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Basheer N A, Jodalli PS, Nayak N, K S A, Badekkila AR. Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride for Early Childhood Caries Among Children Aged 24 to 72 Months: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e46144. [PMID: 37285186 PMCID: PMC10285618 DOI: 10.2196/46144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries is a serious public health issue globally. It is one of the most prevalent chronic disease in children worldwide. An important public health concern is the existence of one or more decayed, missing, or filled tooth surfaces in any primary teeth of preschool children. Early childhood caries (ECC) can be halted with the use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution. Previous research has indicated that it may have a preventive impact in the treatment of ECC. It is well known that 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is helpful at preventing dental caries. On the other hand, there is not enough evidence on SDF's ability to prevent caries in primary teeth. To date, no well-planned clinical study has been carried out to investigate SDF's impact on caries protection. OBJECTIVE The study's objective is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of 12%, 30%, and 38% silver diamine fluoride in preventing ECC in children aged 24 to 72 months in Mangaluru Taluk. METHODS This is a single-center, randomized, active-controlled, parallel-group pragmatic trial. Children attending preschool in Mangalore Taluk aged 24 to 72 months will be included in the study. There will be three study groups: group 1 will receive 12% SDF semiannually; group 2 will receive 30% SDF semiannually; and group 3 will receive 38% SDF semiannually. After 6 and 12 months, the principal examiner will conduct a clinical examination of the teeth with a visual and tactile assessment. The effectiveness of the various concentrations of SDF will be determined after 12 months. RESULTS The research was funded in September 2020, and data collection started in September 2022. As of February 2023, 150 participants have enrolled in the study. The project is still underway, and it is expected to be completed in December 2023. CONCLUSIONS Uncertainty surrounds the efficacy of 38% SDF in preventing ECC. Consensus-Based Clinical Case Reporting (CARE) guidelines recommending the use of SDF for ECC prevention will be modified if the findings are as expected. Additionally, since the findings will be broadly disseminated, more nations will implement the use of SDF, easing the burden of ECC on the entire world. Future research on the treatment and prevention of ECC will benefit from the study results. If SDF is successful in preventing caries in a classroom or community context, it will mark an important turning point for preventive dentistry. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trial Registry of India CTRI/2020/02/023420; https://tinyurl.com/3ju2apab. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/46144.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitha Basheer N
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Praveen S Jodalli
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
| | - Namratha Nayak
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Aparna K S
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
| | - Avinash R Badekkila
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
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Sun IG, Duangthip D, Lo ECM, Chu CH. The Caries-Arrest Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride Treatment with Different Post-Treatment Instructions in Preschool Children: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:145. [PMID: 37366668 DOI: 10.3390/dj11060145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this 12-month randomized active-controlled clinical trial, we compare two post-treatment instructions for silver diamine fluoride (SDF) therapy in arresting dentine caries. The trial will include at least 254 kindergarten children with active dentine caries. The children will be randomized into two groups and receive a 38% SDF solution applied topically to their carious lesions. Children in Group A will rinse immediately, whereas those in Group B will refrain from rinsing, eating, and drinking for 30 min. One trained examiner will perform the dental examination at baseline and every six months. The primary outcome measurement will be the proportion of caries lesions that become arrested at the 12-month examination. Potential confounding factors and parents' satisfaction with SDF therapy at baseline and after 12 months will be collected using parental questionnaires. This trial will provide evidence-based information for clinical practitioners to give post-treatment instructions for SDF therapy. This study is registered at ClinicalTrial.gov (USA) (registration number: NCT05655286).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Guofang Sun
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | | | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Bonifácio CC, Hesse D. Is silver diammine fluoride effective in arresting dental caries in cavitated primary molars? Evid Based Dent 2023; 24:50-51. [PMID: 37130922 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-023-00874-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
CLINICAL QUESTION To evaluate the efficacy of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in arresting dental caries in cavitated caries lesions in primary molars. DATA SOURCES A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. Furthermore, cross-referencing was performed using the references lists of full-text articles and grey literature was also retrieved for eligible studies. Two independent reviewers were responsible for study selection and data extraction. STUDY SELECTION Randomized and non-randomized clinical studies that evaluated the caries arrest rate of SDF compared to no treatment or any other type of non-invasive or minimally-invasive treatment were included. Only publications in the English, Italian and French language and with a minimum follow-up of 6 months were considered for study eligibility. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS The characteristics of the included studies-age, sex, type of study, sample size, caries at baseline, setting, operator, blinding, intervention, outcomes and assessment of any confounders-were extracted from the included papers. The quality assessment was carried out using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The success rate and odds ratios were chosen to calculate the effect size for the meta-analysis. RESULTS A total of nine publications were included for qualitative review and five of them were included in the meta-analysis. Around half of lesions that received annual or biannual application SDF ≥ 38% were arrested. CONCLUSIONS SDF 38% application was found to be effective in arresting dental caries progression in cavitated primary molars.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Bonifácio
- Paediatric Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - D Hesse
- Paediatric Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Mohammed SME, Awad SM, Wahba AH. Comparison of Clinical Outcomes of Silver-modified Atraumatic Restorative Technique vs Atraumatic Restorative Technique in Primary Teeth: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023; 23:1140-1145. [PMID: 37073938 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the clinical outcomes of silver-modified atraumatic restorative technique (SMART) vs atraumatic restorative technique (ART) in primary teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was a randomized clinical trial conducted on 30 children. The study was split-mouth design, so each group was consisted of 30 children. Children aged 3-6 years old of both genders. Communication with the children was established. Gross debris from cavitation was removed. Carious dentin on walls was excavated using spoon excavator and low-speed contra with round or fissure bur. The areas to be treated were isolated with cotton rolls. For ART, glass ionomer cement (GIC) was applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. For silver-modified atraumatic restorative technique (SMART), a protective coating was applied to the lips and skin to prevent a temporary tattoo. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) was applied carefully using bended microsponge brush. It was applied directly to only the affected tooth surface. The lesion was dried for 15 seconds with gentle flow of compressed air. After 1 week, GIC was applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. Clinical evaluation was done for all teeth at 6 and 12 months. The data were collected and then statistically analyzed using the Chi-square test to show the difference between groups. RESULTS The restoration of the first primary molar with ART restoration alone showed a lower success rate when compared with the restoration with a combination of SDF and ART (SMART technique), with percentages of 70% and 76.67% and 53.33% and 60% after 6 months and 12 months of follow-up, respectively. CONCLUSION Silver diamine fluoride is successful in arresting dentin caries and can be used to increase the efficacy of the ART technique in primary teeth. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE It is recommended to use SDF as a noninvasive approach to control dentin caries with the ART technique.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmed Hamdy Wahba
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt
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Zhang OL, Niu JY, Yin IX, Yu OY, Mei ML, Chu CH. Bioactive Materials for Caries Management: A Literature Review. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:dj11030059. [PMID: 36975556 PMCID: PMC10047026 DOI: 10.3390/dj11030059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Researchers have developed novel bioactive materials for caries management. Many clinicians also favour these materials, which fit their contemporary practice philosophy of using the medical model of caries management and minimally invasive dentistry. Although there is no consensus on the definition of bioactive materials, bioactive materials in cariology are generally considered to be those that can form hydroxyapatite crystals on the tooth surface. Common bioactive materials include fluoride-based materials, calcium- and phosphate-based materials, graphene-based materials, metal and metal-oxide nanomaterials and peptide-based materials. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a fluoride-based material containing silver; silver is antibacterial and fluoride promotes remineralisation. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate is a calcium- and phosphate-based material that can be added to toothpaste and chewing gum for caries prevention. Researchers use graphene-based materials and metal or metal-oxide nanomaterials as anticaries agents. Graphene-based materials, such as graphene oxide-silver, have antibacterial and mineralising properties. Metal and metal-oxide nanomaterials, such as silver and copper oxide, are antimicrobial. Incorporating mineralising materials could introduce remineralising properties to metallic nanoparticles. Researchers have also developed antimicrobial peptides with mineralising properties for caries prevention. The purpose of this literature review is to provide an overview of current bioactive materials for caries management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Yun Niu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Iris Xiaoxue Yin
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ollie Yiru Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - May Lei Mei
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence:
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Almuqrin A, Kaur IP, Walsh LJ, Seneviratne CJ, Zafar S. Amelioration Strategies for Silver Diamine Fluoride: Moving from Black to White. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020298. [PMID: 36830209 PMCID: PMC9951939 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Topical cariostatic agents have become a reasonable alternative for managing dental caries in young children. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a practical topical approach to arrest caries and avoid extensive and risky dental treatment. However, the literature demonstrates a parental hesitation towards accepting SDF because of black unaesthetic tooth discolouration following application. The rapid oxidation of ionic silver darkens demineralised tooth structure permanently. In this regard, nano-metallic antimicrobials could augment or substitute for silver, and thereby enhance SDF aesthetic performance. Recently, biomedical research has drawn attention to selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) due to their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiviral potencies. Various in vitro studies have examined the effect of SeNPs on the virulence of bacteria. This narrative review explores practical issues when using SDF and suggests future directions to develop it, focusing on antimicrobial metals. Several methods are described that could be followed to reduce the discolouration concern, including the use of nanoparticles of silver, of silver fluoride, or of selenium or other metals with antimicrobial actions. There could also be value in using remineralising agents other than fluoride, such as NPs of hydroxyapatite. There could be variations made to formulations in order to lower the levels of silver and fluoride in the SDF or even to replace one or both of the silver and fluoride components completely. Moreover, since oxidation processes appear central to the chemistry of the staining, adding SeNPs which have antioxidant actions could have an anti-staining benefit; SeNPs could be used for their antimicrobial actions as well. Future research should address the topic of selenium chemistry to optimise how SeNPs would be used with or in place of ionic silver. Incorporating other antimicrobial metals as nanoparticles should also be explored, taking into account the optimal physicochemical parameters for each of these.
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Dias FA, Vidal CMP, Comnick CL, Xie XJ, Berger SB. Effect of silver nanoparticles associated with fluoride on the progression of root dentin caries in vitro. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0277275. [PMID: 36662694 PMCID: PMC9858332 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the anti-proteolytic effect and potential to inhibit dentin root caries progression of a silver nanoparticle and fluoride solution (CNanoF) in comparison to silver diamine fluoride (SDF). METHODS 48 specimens of root dentin artificial caries lesion were treated with 38% SDF, CNanoF, CNano or F (n = 6 per group). Ph cycling with demineralization and remineralization solutions simulated caries lesion progression. In addition, specimens were incubated with or without bacterial collagenase in the remineralization solution to induce dentin proteolytic degradation. Dentin degradation was assessed by weight loss rate and hydroxyproline (Hyp) release. Changes in cross-sectional microhardness, and lesion permeability and collagen integrity as determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy indicated potential for further demineralization inhibition. The effect of the solutions on the activity of metalloproteinases (MMP) -2 and -9 was also investigated. Statistical analysis consisted of ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and linear mixed models with post-hoc pairwise Tukey, Dunn, and t-tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS Treatment with SDF resulted in lower weight loss rate than did other solutions, but all groups showed similar Hyp release (p = 0.183). SDF resulted in greater microhardness at superficial layers of the caries lesions (p<0.05), while there were no differences among CNanoF, CNano, and F. Lesion permeability was similar among all groups after pH cycling (p>0.05), with or without the use of collagenase (p = 0.58). No statistically significant difference was noted among solutions regarding collagen integrity after pH cycling; however, SDF-treated dentin had a significant decrease in collagen integrity when collagenase was used (p = 0.003). Interestingly, only SDF was able to completely inactivate MMP-2 and -9. CONCLUSIONS CNanoF and SDF both potentially prevent dentin degradation during caries lesion progression in vitro; however, SDF was more effective at inhibiting further tissue demineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaviana Alves Dias
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of North Parana, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Cristina M. P. Vidal
- Department of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Carissa L. Comnick
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Xian Jin Xie
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
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Jain A, Deshpande AN, Shah YS, Jaiswal V, Tailor B. Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride and Sodium Fluoride Varnish in Preventing New Carious Lesion in Preschoolers: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 16:1-8. [PMID: 37020768 PMCID: PMC10067996 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dental caries is a site-specific, multifactorial chronic disease affected globally. The prevalence of dental caries is strongly associated with social and economic disadvantage, and also the susceptibility of children to dental caries. Dental caries prevention can be achieved with topical fluoride agents. Topical fluoride promotes the remineralization of early carious lesions and reduces the demineralization of healthy enamel. Aim The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to compare the effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and sodium fluoride varnish (FV) in preventing new carious lesions in preschoolers. Materials and methods This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 285 children aged 3-6 years. Children were randomly allocated into three groups namely, group I-deionized distilled water (DIW), group II-sodium FV, and group III-SDF. The biannual application was performed at an interval of 6 months. New carious lesions were recorded using defs and International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II) under LED magnifying loupes. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied and tabulated using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 23.0 software. Result There was a significant difference seen in the mean values of group III (SDF) when compared with group II (FV) and also between group III (SDF) and group I (DIW) when defs index was used. The mean score of ICDAS II after 12 months in group I (DIW) was -1.171, group II (FV) was -0.690, and group III (SDF) was -0.374. Conclusion silver diamine fluoride (SDF) was found to be most effective in preventing dental caries and also it appears to be the most cost-saving fluoride therapy. How to cite this article Jain A, Deshpande AN, Shah YS, et al. Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride and Sodium Fluoride Varnish in Preventing New Carious Lesion in Preschoolers: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(1):1-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Jain
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Anshula N Deshpande
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Yash S Shah
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Vidhi Jaiswal
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Brijesh Tailor
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Vadodara, Gujarat, India
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Zheng FM, Yan IG, Duangthip D, Gao SS, Lo ECM, Chu CH. Silver diamine fluoride therapy for dental care. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2022; 58:249-257. [PMID: 36097560 PMCID: PMC9463534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) was developed in Japan in the 1960s. It is used to control early childhood caries, arrest root caries, prevent fissure caries and secondary caries, desensitise hypersensitive teeth, remineralise hypomineralised teeth, prevent dental erosion, detect carious tissue during excavation and manage infected root canals. SDF is commonly available as a 38% solution containing 255,000 ppm silver and 44,800 ppm fluoride ions. Silver is an antimicrobial and inhibits cariogenic biofilm. Fluoride promotes remineralisation and inhibits the demineralisation of teeth. SDF also inactivates proteolytic peptidases and inhibits dentine collagen degradation. It arrests caries without affecting dental pulp or causing dental fluorosis. Indirect pulp capping with SDF causes no or mild inflammatory pulpal response. However, direct application of SDF to dental pulp causes pulp necrosis. Furthermore, SDF stains carious lesions black. Patients must be well informed before SDF treatment. SDF therapy is simple, painless, non-invasive, inexpensive, and requires a simple armamentarium and minimal support. Both clinicians and patients generally accept it well. In 2021, the World Health Organization included SDF as an essential medicine that is effective and safe for patients. Moreover, it can be used for caries control during the COVID-19 pandemic because it is non-aerosol-generating and has a low risk of cross-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iliana Gehui Yan
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Sherry Shiqian Gao
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Edward Chin Man Lo
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
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Hiraishi N, Sayed M, Takahashi M, Nikaido T, Tagami J. Clinical and primary evidence of silver diamine fluoride on root caries management. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2022; 58:1-8. [PMID: 34950254 PMCID: PMC8672042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Root caries is a growing problem for the worldwide aging population. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) contains high concentrations of silver and fluoride ions, which prevents and arrests root caries, as well as dentin caries in the primary teeth of young children. Unlike other fluoride products that mainly reduce the formation of new carious lesions, 38% SDF is an effective agent that can efficiently arrest the carious process, remineralize the decayed dental tissues, and protect the tooth structure against the formation of new caries lesions. The use of SDF can result in more caries-resistant tooth structures. Despite these merits, its clinical disadvantages are the deep penetration of silver ions and sequential formation of silver compounds, which cause esthetic concern due to the discoloration and impaired efficacy of dentin bonding after using SDF. Thus, this narrative review, by addressing the primary experimental results and clinical applications of SDF on root caries, proposes management methods for root caries in conjunction with the application of SDF. We propose a two-visit treatment protocol to take advantage of the SDF application for root surface caries and utilize the discoloration caused by SDF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Hiraishi
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mahmoud Sayed
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoi Takahashi
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Nikaido
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Functional Science and Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Junji Tagami
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Rodrigues JA, Olegario I, Assunção CM, Bönecker M. Future Perspectives in Pediatric Dentistry: Where are We Now and where are We Heading? Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022; 15:793-797. [PMID: 36866132 PMCID: PMC9973069 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral diseases in children are still a major public health problem that can negatively impact parents and their children's quality of life. Even though oral diseases are largely preventable, initial signs of them can be detected in the 1st year of life, and its severity might increase with time if no preventive measures are taken. Based on this, we aim to discuss "where is pediatric dentistry now?" and "where is pediatric dentistry heading?" Early life oral health conditions are a good predictor of oral health status in adolescence, adulthood, and elderly people. A healthy childhood provides the foundation and opportunities for life; therefore, pediatric dentists have the unique opportunity to identify the presence of unhealthy habits in the 1st year of life and educate the parents and family members to change them for life. If all educational and preventive strategies fail or are not put into practice, the child might present oral health problems, such as dental caries, erosive tooth wear (ETW), hypomineralization, and malocclusion, that could have a great impact on other stages of life. At the moment, in pediatric dentistry, there are many alternatives to prevent and treat these oral health problems. However, if prevention fails, minimally invasive approaches, and new dental materials and technologies have been developed recently and will be important tools available in the near future in order to enhance children's oral health. How to cite this article Rodrigues JA, Olegario I, Assunção CM, et al. Future Perspectives in Pediatric Dentistry: Where are We Now and where are We Heading? Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(6):793-797.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas A Rodrigues
- Pediatric Dentistry Division; Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Isabel Olegario
- Department of Public & Child Dental Health, School of Dental Science, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland
| | - Cristiane M Assunção
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Bönecker
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zaffarano L, Salerno C, Campus G, Cirio S, Balian A, Karanxha L, Cagetti MG. Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) Efficacy in Arresting Cavitated Caries Lesions in Primary Molars: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12917. [PMID: 36232217 PMCID: PMC9566773 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in controlling caries progression in cavitated primary molars. A search for randomized and non-randomized trials with follow-up > 6 months was performed using PubMed, Scopus and Embase. The Cochrane risk of bias tools were used for the quality assessment. The success rate and odds ratios were chosen to calculate the effect size for the meta-analysis. A total of 792 papers were identified and 9 were selected. A high variability regarding SDF application protocol was found; otherwise, caries arrest was always recorded using visual/tactile methods. Two studies were judged at low risk of bias, six at moderate risk and one at high risk. Data from five studies were aggregated for meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was found moderate (I2 = 35.69%, p = 0.18). SDF application was found to be overall effective (fixed effect model) in arresting caries progression (ES = 0.35, p < 0.01). In a total of 622 arrested lesions, out of 1205 considered, the caries arrest rate was 51.62% ± 27.40% (Confidence = 1.55) using SDF ≥ 38% applied annually or biannually. In conclusion, when applied to active cavitated caries lesions in primary molars, SDF appears to be effective in arresting dental caries progression, especially if applied biannually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Zaffarano
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Beldiletto 1, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Salerno
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Beldiletto 1, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Campus
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Pediatric, Preventive Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Surgery, Microsurgery and Medicine Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 3/c, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Silvia Cirio
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Beldiletto 1, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Araxi Balian
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Beldiletto 1, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorena Karanxha
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Beldiletto 1, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cagetti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Beldiletto 1, 20142 Milan, Italy
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Hafiz Z, Allam R, Almazyad B, Bedaiwi A, Alotaibi A, Almubrad A. Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride in Arresting Caries in Primary and Early Mixed Dentition: A Systematic Review. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9091289. [PMID: 36138602 PMCID: PMC9497160 DOI: 10.3390/children9091289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dental caries is a painful condition that could lead to nutritional problems which affects the overall health of the child, as well it is expensive to treat. The effectiveness of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in primary and early mixed dentition is systematically reviewed in this study. This systematic review utilized the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta- Analysis statement (PRISMA, 2020). A literature search conducted using the common electronic databases (from 2010–2021). Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, ten randomized clinical trials (RCT) have met the inclusion criteria and were considered for the qualitative assessment. Critical appraisal of these studies was done. This systematic review found that using SDF is a successful and effective method in arresting dentin carious process in the primary teeth and first permanent molars in children. Additionally, when compared to the commonly used topical fluoride products and materials, SDF showed to have better cariostatic effect. However, these findings must be cautiously viewed since more research is required to support them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zain Hafiz
- Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Rehab Allam
- Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bdoor Almazyad
- Intern, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alya’a Bedaiwi
- Intern, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej Alotaibi
- Intern, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alwateen Almubrad
- Intern, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
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Parental perspectives on the use of silver diamine fluoride therapy to arrest early childhood caries in kindergarten outreach dental services: A qualitative study. J Dent 2022; 125:104250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Does silver diammine fluoride concentration influence on bonding to carious dentinal lesions in primary teeth? Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2022; 23:813-820. [PMID: 35881302 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-022-00730-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This in vitro study evaluated the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of a universal adhesive after silver diammine fluoride (SDF) application at different concentrations on carious dentinal lesions in primary teeth. METHODS Flat dentin carious-induced surfaces from 40 primary molars were randomly assigned to four experimental groups: without SDF treatment (control), 12% SDF, 30% SDF, or 38% SDF application. After 14 days of storage in artificial saliva at 37 °C, a universal adhesive system (Scotchbond Universal, 3 M ESPE) was applied in the etch-and-rinse mode and resin composite cylinders were built (0.72 mm2). After 24 h of water storage, the μSBS test was performed and the failure mode was determined. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS The application of 38% SDF resulted in higher μSBS mean than control and use of 12% SDF (p = 0.006). No significant differences were observed among control, 12% SDF, and 30% SDF. All specimens tested showed adhesive/mixed failure. CONCLUSION The use of SDF does not jeopardise the bonding of a universal adhesive applied in the etch-and-rinse mode to carious dentinal lesions in primary teeth, irrespective of the product concentration.
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Brunet‐Llobet L, Auría‐Martín B, González‐Chópite Y, Cahuana‐Bartra P, Mashala EI, Miranda‐Rius J. The use of silver diamine fluoride in a children's hospital: Critical analysis and action protocol. Clin Exp Dent Res 2022; 8:1175-1184. [PMID: 35869630 PMCID: PMC9562575 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present critical analysis aims to propose an action protocol for the use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in pediatric patients in a hospital setting, especially for those who are currently awaiting hospital dental treatment under general anesthesia. Material and Methods A literature search was performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE from 2009 to 2021 using the search terms “silver diamine fluoride”, “pediatrics silver diamine fluoride”, “application silver diamine fluoride”, and “AND” ‐ combined with terms: “potassium iodide”, “properties”, “adverse effects”, “early childhood caries”, “patient with disability”, “management”, “special health care needs patient”. Articles that recorded the type of teeth, application protocol, the concentration of the product, and possible complications of the treatment were selected. Results Four hundred and sixteen related articles were obtained, of which 13 were finally chosen on the basis of the search criteria. The age at which the use of SDF was recommended ranged from the first year of life to 12 years, in most cases in primary teeth. The study populations varied in size from 53 to 799 patients. An analysis of the characteristics of SDF and its use in pediatric patients with dental caries was performed. The recommended concentration was 38% SDF, applied twice yearly. The main complication reported was staining. A decision algorithm was designed including SDF as an agent for caries control in patients attending the specific population of our hospital (divided into two groups: healthy children aged 0−4 years and patients with special health care needs (SHCNs) aged 0−18 years). Conclusions SDF therapy appears to be effective in the control of caries in pediatric patients. We propose an action protocol for patients with early childhood caries to reduce risk, complications, and the progression of lesions. The protocol is aimed especially at pediatric patients who also have some systemic pathology, disability, SHCNs, and/or behavioral difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluís Brunet‐Llobet
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital Sant Joan de DéuUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Hospital Dentistry, Clinical Orthodontics and Periodontal Medicine Research Group (HDCORPEMrg)Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Beatriz Auría‐Martín
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital Sant Joan de DéuUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Yndira González‐Chópite
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital Sant Joan de DéuUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Hospital Dentistry, Clinical Orthodontics and Periodontal Medicine Research Group (HDCORPEMrg)Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Pau Cahuana‐Bartra
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital Sant Joan de DéuUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Hospital Dentistry, Clinical Orthodontics and Periodontal Medicine Research Group (HDCORPEMrg)Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD)BarcelonaSpain
- Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Elias Isaack Mashala
- Doctoral Programme in Medicine and Translational Research, Line of Odontostomatology. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hospital Sant Joan de DéuUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Jaume Miranda‐Rius
- Hospital Dentistry, Clinical Orthodontics and Periodontal Medicine Research Group (HDCORPEMrg)Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD)BarcelonaSpain
- Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
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Chai HH, Kiuchi S, Osaka K, Aida J, Chu CH, Gao S(S. Knowledge, Practices and Attitudes towards Silver Diamine Fluoride Therapy among Dentists in Japan: A Mixed Methods Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148705. [PMID: 35886557 PMCID: PMC9319621 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In 2021, the World Health Organization included silver diamine fluoride (SDF) as an essential medicine to manage caries in adults and children. SDF was developed in the 1960s, but its use for children became unpopular in Japan because of the decline and low prevalence of early childhood caries. This mixed methods study explored the knowledge, practices and attitudes towards SDF therapy among dentists promoting fluoride use in Japan. It also investigated senior dentists’ perceptions of SDF therapy in Japan. The quantitative study invited all 173 members of the largest organisation promoting fluoride use in Japan to complete a web-based questionnaire survey. Sixty (60/173; 35%) dentists promoting fluoride use in Japan completed the questionnaire survey. All dentists knew of SDF treatment, and 50 (50/60; 83%) used SDF for dental care. Fifty-nine dentists (59/60; 98%) agreed that SDF therapy was simple and quick. All 60 dentists agreed that SDF was effective to arrest caries; 51 dentists (51/60; 85%) agreed that SDF was effective to prevent caries. Most dentists (51/60; 85%) were concerned about SDF’s unaesthetic staining. Fifty-seven dentists (57/60; 95%) used SDF to arrest primary posterior teeth, and 52 dentists (52/60; 87%) used SDF to arrest root caries. However, 25 dentists (25/60; 42%) did not use SDF to prevent caries in permanent teeth. The qualitative study interviewed 12 senior dentists using snowball sampling and achieved data saturation. The dentists opined that SDF therapy was effective, simple, painless, non-invasive and inexpensive. SDF is seldom used in Japan at present because of the unaesthetic black staining and the low prevalence of early childhood caries; however, it can regain popularity by arresting root caries in the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hollis Haotian Chai
- Department of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Sakura Kiuchi
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan; (S.K.); (K.O.); (J.A.)
| | - Ken Osaka
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan; (S.K.); (K.O.); (J.A.)
| | - Jun Aida
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan; (S.K.); (K.O.); (J.A.)
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Chun-Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Shiqian (Sherry) Gao
- Department of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
- Correspondence:
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Yan IG, Zheng FM, Gao SS, Duangthip D, Lo ECM, Chu CH. A Review of the Protocol of SDF Therapy for Arresting Caries. Int Dent J 2022; 72:579-588. [PMID: 35843730 PMCID: PMC9485517 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this work was to review the protocol of the use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) for arresting caries, specifically the application time. Method Two researchers searched manufacturers’ instructions, YouTube videos, and 5 databases (Embase, Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science). Manufacturers’ instructions, videos from national dental organisations, and peer-reviewed journal articles that published the SDF application protocol in English for arresting caries were selected. Results The review included 14 protocols from 15 publications from 4 manufacturers, 3 dental associations, and 7 author teams (one team had 2 articles). The American Dental Association and the British Society of Paediatric Dentistry provided their SDF application protocols on YouTube. The American Academy of Paediatric Dentistry and 7 author teams published their protocols in journal articles. Seven publications suggested an SDF application time of 60 seconds. Seven publications suggested a time range of 10 seconds to 240 seconds. Two publications suggested caries excavation, but 4 publications suggested no caries excavation before SDF application. The procedures from at least 5 publications involved protecting the gingiva with petroleum jelly, isolating the carious tooth with cotton rolls, drying the carious lesion with a 3-in-1 syringe, applying SDF solution with a micro brush for 60 seconds, removing excess SDF solution with gauze, and applying fluoride varnish to the SDF-treated lesion. Conclusions Although the SDF application protocol is simple and straightforward, the published protocols could be different. Most publications suggested an SDF application time of 60 seconds, which can be long, particularly for young children and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliana Gehui Yan
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Yan IG, Zheng FM, Gao SS, Duangthip D, Lo ECM, Chu CH. Fluoride Delivered via a Topical Application of 38% SDF and 5% NaF. Int Dent J 2022; 72:773-778. [PMID: 35570014 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to compare the amount of fluoride delivered via a topical application of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution and 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish as well as to determine the amount of 38% SDF solution delivered using various micro-applicators. METHODS The weights of 38% SDF (Saforide) and 5% NaF (Duraphat) applied to the occlusal surface of an extracted human upper first premolar with a regular-size (2.50-mm tip diameter) micro-applicator were measured using an electronic-analytical balance. Afterwards, the weight of 38% SDF applied to a premolar using the micro-applicators of 5 common brands (Premium Plus, 3M, Dentsply, Elevate Oral Care, and SDI) were studied. The tip diameter of each micro-applicator was measured under a microscope. The weights of the delivered fluoride and silver were also calculated. RESULTS The mean weights of the fluoride delivered via the SDF solution and NaF varnish were 0.25 ± 0.07 mg and 0.49 ± 0.08 mg, respectively (P < .001). In addition, the tip diameters of the micro-applicators ranged from 1.89 ± 0.03 mm to 2.76 ± 0.02 mm. The mean weights of the fluoride delivered per application of 38% SDF using different applicators ranged from 0.13 ± 0.06 mg to 0.30 ± 0.09 mg, whereas the mean weights of the silver ranged from 0.76 ± 0.32 mg to 1.68 ± 0.50 mg. The weights of the delivered 38% SDF solution varied with the brand and with the tip diameters of the dental micro-applicators (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The fluoride of the 38% SDF solution delivered topically was significantly less than that of 5% NaF varnish. Moreover, the amount of SDF solution delivered depends on the brand and size of the micro-applicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliana Gehui Yan
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Sherry Shiqian Gao
- Department of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | | | | | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Jabin Z, Jain G, Jaiswal M, Vishnu Priya V. Top 100 cited articles on Silver diamine fluoride-A bibliometric analysis. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2022; 12:413-420. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Ion Concentration of Silver Diamine Fluoride Solutions. Int Dent J 2022; 72:779-784. [DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Ferreira AC, de Lima Oliveira RF, Amorim AA, Geng-Vivanco R, de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza F. Remineralization of caries-affected dentin and color stability of teeth restored after treatment with silver diamine fluoride and bioactive glass-ceramic. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:4805-4816. [PMID: 35301597 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04445-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the microhardness of caries-affected dentin and color stability of teeth restored after treatments with silver diamine fluoride (SDF) associated to potassium iodide (KI) and Biosilicate. MATERIAL AND METHODS Different samples from bovine teeth were obtained. For color readings, 80 cavities (6 mm × 6 mm × 2 mm) were prepared, and for microhardness, teeth were flattened into dentine to obtain 40 samples. All samples were submitted to cariogenic challenge and separated in 4 groups, according to the treatment used: 12% SDF + KI; 38% SDF; Biosilicate and control (no treatment). Cavities were restored with resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGIC, Vitremer, 3 M ESPE) or composite resin (CR, Z350, 3 M ESPE). After restoration, the samples were submitted to thermo-mechanical cycling (TMC) for 1,200,000 cycles. Color readings (EasyShade, Vita) were performed after restorations, after TMC, and 30 days after TMC. Knoop microhardness was evaluated on the planned samples before and after cariogenic challenge, after treatments, and after 30 days. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) evaluated the dentine surface after treatments. Data were analyzed (ANOVA, Bonferroni, p < .05). RESULTS The results showed a higher color alteration for RMGIC than CR. The time of analysis was significant (p < .05) for the 12% SDF + KI and control group. There was no difference (p < .05) in microhardness between groups. However, there was evidence of dentin remineralization after treatments. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that the samples treated with Biosilicate resulted in a color alteration similar to control. The treatments presented dentin remineralizing potential for microhardness, below the demineralization level, caused by the cariogenic challenge. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Considering the remineralizing potential presented by Biosilicate, this agent is a promising alternative that overcomes the SDF adverse effects such as tooth staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Cavalcanti Ferreira
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Universidade de São Paulo/Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Av do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Franco de Lima Oliveira
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Universidade de São Paulo/Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Av do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Ayodele Alves Amorim
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Universidade de São Paulo/Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Av do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Rocio Geng-Vivanco
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Universidade de São Paulo/Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Av do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Universidade de São Paulo/Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Av do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil.
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Effect of Preirradiation Fluoride Treatment on the Physical Properties of Dentin. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:3215048. [PMID: 35342425 PMCID: PMC8947862 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3215048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To determine the effects of preirradiation fluoride treatments on the Knoop hardness of dentin. Materials and Methods. Human posterior teeth mounted into acrylic resin molds were polished with silicon carbide (SiC) abrasives and 3-micron diamond paste. The Knoop hardness of dentin was measured with a Leco hardness instrument. The teeth were divided into groups of ten teeth per group as follows: no treatment (control), treatment with silver diamine fluoride (SDF), MI varnish (MI), and cavity shield (CS). The teeth were exposed to 2 Gy of daily radiation for six weeks using an X-Rad 320ix biological irradiator. Hardness was measured weekly, before, during, and after irradiation. The teeth were stored in artificial saliva at 37oC between radiation treatments. Results. In preirradiation dentin, a Knoop hardness value of 58.8 (14.1) KHN was obtained. Treatment with SDF significantly increased KHN before irradiation. Immediately after radiation treatment, hardness was significantly reduced in all experimental groups. Postirradiation fluoride treatments increased the hardness of dentin to varying degrees. Conclusions. Preirradiation fluoride treatment does not provide protection from decreases in the hardness of dentin. Treatment of teeth with fluoride formulations after radiation progressively restores the hardness of dentin to different degrees.
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Sharma M, Tuli A, Dhawan P, Singh A, Khanduri N. Evaluation of Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride in Arresting Dental Caries Using International Caries Classification and Management System (ICCMS): An In Vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022; 15:S172-S175. [PMID: 35645517 PMCID: PMC9108850 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In terms of maintaining esthetics and function, reducing pain, and encouraging wellness, primary dentition care is just as important as permanent tooth care. The purpose of this research was to see how efficient silver diamine fluoride is at preventing tooth decay. Materials and method The 3- month clinical experiment included a sample size of 30 children (both males and females) aged 4-8 years by applying silver diamine fluoride on the carious tooth to evaluate the efficacy of silver dimaine fluoride in arresting the caries. The children were kept on follow-up and IOPA's were taken to check the arrest of caries at baseline, 1 month and after 3 months. To assess the progression of caries radiographic interpretation of IOPA X-rays was done using ICCMS scores at baseline, 1 month and 3 months. Results and conclusion The current study found that topical 38% silver diamine fluoride arrest tooth decay and was effective for treating dental caries in school-aged children in the short term. How to cite this article Sharma M, Tuli A, Dhawan P, et al. Evaluation of Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride in Arresting Dental Caries Using International Caries Classification and Management System (ICCMS): An In Vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(S-2):S172-S175.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahema Sharma
- Department of Pedodontics, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
- Mahema Sharma, Department of Pedodontics, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India, Phone: +91 7006898259, e-mail:
| | - Avantika Tuli
- Department of Pedodontics, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Preeti Dhawan
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, BRS Dental College and Hospital, Panchkula, Haryana, India
| | - Aditi Singh
- Department of Pedodontics, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nitin Khanduri
- Department of Pedodontics, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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