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Nguyen TC, Marini JC, Guillory B, Valladolid-Brown C, Martinez-Vargas M, Subramanyam D, Cohen D, Cirlos SC, Lam F, Stoll B, Didelija IC, Vonderohe C, Orellana R, Saini A, Pradhan S, Bashir D, Desai MS, Flores S, Virk M, Tcharmtchi H, Navaei A, Kaplan S, Lamberth L, Hulten KG, Scull BP, Allen CE, Akcan-Arikan A, Vijayan KV, Cruz MA. Pediatric Swine Model of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Sepsis-Induced Coagulopathy, Disseminated Microvascular Thrombosis, and Organ Injuries. Crit Care Explor 2023; 5:e0916. [PMID: 37255626 PMCID: PMC10226618 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000000916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced coagulopathy leading to disseminated microvascular thrombosis is associated with high mortality and has no existing therapy. Despite the high prevalence of Gram-positive bacterial sepsis, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), there is a paucity of published Gram-positive pediatric sepsis models. Large animal models replicating sepsis-induced coagulopathy are needed to test new therapeutics before human clinical trials. HYPOTHESIS Our objective is to develop a pediatric sepsis-induced coagulopathy swine model that last 70 hours. METHODS AND MODELS Ten 3 weeks old piglets, implanted with telemetry devices for continuous hemodynamic monitoring, were IV injected with MRSA (n = 6) (USA300, Texas Children's Hospital 1516 strain) at 1 × 109 colony forming units/kg or saline (n = 4). Fluid resuscitation was given for heart rate greater than 50% or mean arterial blood pressure less than 30% from baseline. Acetaminophen and dextrose were provided as indicated. Point-of-care complete blood count, prothrombin time (PT), activated thromboplastin time, d-dimer, fibrinogen, and specialized coagulation assays were performed at pre- and post-injection, at 0, 24, 48, 60, and 70 hours. Piglets were euthanized and necropsies performed. RESULTS Compared with the saline treated piglets (control), the septic piglets within 24 hours had significantly lower neurologic and respiratory scores. Over time, PT, d-dimer, and fibrinogen increased, while platelet counts and activities of factors V, VII, protein C, antithrombin, and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin-1 motifs (13th member of the family) (ADAMTS-13) decreased significantly in septic piglets compared with control. Histopathologic examination showed minor focal organ injuries including microvascular thrombi and necrosis in the kidney and liver of septic piglets. INTERPRETATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS We established a 70-hour swine model of MRSA sepsis-induced coagulopathy with signs of consumptive coagulopathy, disseminated microvascular thrombosis, and early organ injuries with histological minor focal organ injuries. This model is clinically relevant to pediatric sepsis and can be used to study dysregulated host immune response and coagulopathy to infection, identify potential early biomarkers, and to test new therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung C Nguyen
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases at the Michael E. DeBakey Veteran Administration Medical Center, Houston, TX
- Baylor College of Medicine, Division of Thrombosis Research, Department of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Juan C Marini
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX
| | - Bobby Guillory
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Christian Valladolid-Brown
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases at the Michael E. DeBakey Veteran Administration Medical Center, Houston, TX
- Baylor College of Medicine, Division of Thrombosis Research, Department of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Marina Martinez-Vargas
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases at the Michael E. DeBakey Veteran Administration Medical Center, Houston, TX
- Baylor College of Medicine, Division of Thrombosis Research, Department of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Deepika Subramanyam
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases at the Michael E. DeBakey Veteran Administration Medical Center, Houston, TX
- Baylor College of Medicine, Division of Thrombosis Research, Department of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Daniel Cohen
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases at the Michael E. DeBakey Veteran Administration Medical Center, Houston, TX
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Houston, TX
| | - Sonya C Cirlos
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases at the Michael E. DeBakey Veteran Administration Medical Center, Houston, TX
- Baylor College of Medicine, Division of Thrombosis Research, Department of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Fong Lam
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases at the Michael E. DeBakey Veteran Administration Medical Center, Houston, TX
| | - Barbara Stoll
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX
| | - Inka C Didelija
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX
| | - Caitlin Vonderohe
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX
| | - Renan Orellana
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Arun Saini
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases at the Michael E. DeBakey Veteran Administration Medical Center, Houston, TX
| | - Subhashree Pradhan
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases at the Michael E. DeBakey Veteran Administration Medical Center, Houston, TX
- Baylor College of Medicine, Division of Thrombosis Research, Department of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Dalia Bashir
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Moreshwar S Desai
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Saul Flores
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Manpreet Virk
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Hossein Tcharmtchi
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Amir Navaei
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Sheldon Kaplan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Linda Lamberth
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Kristina G Hulten
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Brooks P Scull
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Carl E Allen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Ayse Akcan-Arikan
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Division of Critical Care & Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - K Vinod Vijayan
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases at the Michael E. DeBakey Veteran Administration Medical Center, Houston, TX
- Baylor College of Medicine, Division of Thrombosis Research, Department of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Miguel A Cruz
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases at the Michael E. DeBakey Veteran Administration Medical Center, Houston, TX
- Baylor College of Medicine, Division of Thrombosis Research, Department of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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Burmeister DM, Supp DM, Clark RA, Tredget EE, Powell HM, Enkhbaatar P, Bohannon JK, Cancio LC, Hill DM, Nygaard RM. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Small and Large Animals in Burn Research: Proceedings of the 2021 Research Special Interest Group. J Burn Care Res 2022; 43:1032-1041. [PMID: 35778269 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irac091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Multiple animal species and approaches have been used for modeling different aspects of burn care, with some strategies considered more appropriate or translatable than others. On April 15, 2021, the Research Special Interest Group of the American Burn Association held a virtual session as part of the agenda for the annual meeting. The session was set up as a pro/con debate on the use of small versus large animals for application to four important aspects of burn pathophysiology: burn healing/conversion; scarring; inhalation injury; and sepsis. For each of these topics, 2 experienced investigators (one each for small and large animal models) described the advantages and disadvantages of using these preclinical models. The use of swine as a large animal model was a common theme due to anatomic similarities with human skin. The exception to this was a well-defined ovine model of inhalation injury; both of these species have larger airways which allow for incorporation of clinical tools such as bronchoscopes. However, these models are expensive and demanding from labor and resource standpoints. Various strategies have been implemented to make the more inexpensive rodent models appropriate for answering specific questions of interest in burns. Moreover, modelling burn-sepsis in large animals has proven difficult. It was agreed that the use of both small and large animal models have merit for answering basic questions about the responses to burn injury. Expert opinion and the ensuing lively conversations are summarized herein, which we hope will help inform experimental design of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Burmeister
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Dorothy M Supp
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Scientific Staff, Shriners Children's Ohio, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Richard A Clark
- Stony Brook University, Departments of Dermatology, Biomedical Engineering and Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Edward E Tredget
- Firefighters' Burn Treatment Unit, Department of Surgery, 2D3.31 Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Heather M Powell
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Scientific Staff, Shriners Children's Ohio, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Perenlei Enkhbaatar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Branch, University of Texas, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Julia K Bohannon
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Leopoldo C Cancio
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | - David M Hill
- Firefighters' Burn Center, Regional One Health, 877 Jefferson Avenue, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Rachel M Nygaard
- Department of Surgery, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Bobrov AG, Getnet D, Swierczewski B, Jacobs A, Medina-Rojas M, Tyner S, Watters C, Antonic V. Evaluation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenesis and therapeutics in military-relevant animal infection models. APMIS 2021; 130:436-457. [PMID: 34132418 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Modern combat-related injuries are often associated with acute polytrauma. As a consequence of severe combat-related injuries, a dysregulated immune response results in serious infectious complications. The gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that often causes life-threatening bloodstream, lung, bone, urinary tract, and wound infections following combat-related injuries. The rise in the number of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa strains has elevated its importance to civilian clinicians and military medicine. Development of novel therapeutics and treatment options for P. aeruginosa infections is urgently needed. During the process of drug discovery and therapeutic testing, in vivo testing in animal models is a critical step in the bench-to-bedside approach, and required for Food and Drug Administration approval. Here, we review current and past literature with a focus on combat injury-relevant animal models often used to understand infection development, the interplay between P. aeruginosa and the host, and evaluation of novel treatments. Specifically, this review focuses on the following animal infection models: wound, burn, bone, lung, urinary tract, foreign body, and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Bobrov
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Derese Getnet
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Brett Swierczewski
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Anna Jacobs
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Maria Medina-Rojas
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Stuart Tyner
- US Army Medical Research and Development Command Military Infectious Diseases Research Program, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Chase Watters
- Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Ghana Detachment, Accra, Ghana
| | - Vlado Antonic
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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Ten Have GAM, Jansen L, Schooneman MG, Engelen MPKJ, Deutz NEP. Metabolic flux analysis of branched-chain amino and keto acids (BCAA, BCKA) and β-hydroxy β-methylbutyric acid across multiple organs in the pig. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E629-E640. [PMID: 33522397 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00384.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and their metabolites the branched-chain keto acids (BCKA) and β-hydroxy β-methylbutyric acid (HMB) are involved in the regulation of key signaling pathways in the anabolic response to a meal. However, their (inter)organ kinetics remain unclear. Therefore, branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) [leucine (Leu), valine (Val), isoleucine (Ile)], BCKA [α-ketoisocaproic acid (KIC), 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid (KMV), 2-oxoisovalerate (KIV)], and HMB across organ net fluxes were measured. In multi-catheterized pigs (n = 12, ±25 kg), net fluxes across liver, portal drained viscera (PDV), kidney, and hindquarter (HQ, muscle compartment) were measured before and 4 h after bolus feeding of a complete meal (30% daily intake) in conscious state. Arterial and venous plasma were collected and concentrations were measured by LC- or GC-MS/MS. Data are expressed as mean [95% CI] and significance (P < 0.05) from zero by the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. In the postabsorptive state (in nmol/kg body wt/min), the kidney takes up HMB (3.2[1.3,5.0]) . BCKA is taken up by PDV (144[13,216]) but no release by other organs. In the postprandial state, the total net fluxes over 4 h (in µmol/kg body wt/4 h) showed a release of all BCKA by HQ (46.2[34.2,58.2]), KIC by the PDV (12.3[7.0,17.6]), and KIV by the kidney (10.0[2.3,178]). HMB was released by the liver (0.76[0.49,1.0]). All BCKA were taken up by the liver (200[133,268]). Substantial differences are present in (inter)organ metabolism and transport among the BCAA and its metabolites BCKA and HMB. The presented data in a translation animal model are relevant for the future development of optimized clinical nutrition.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and their metabolites the branched-chain keto acids (BCKA) and β-hydroxy β-methylbutyric acid (HMB) are involved in the regulation of key signaling pathways in the anabolic response to a meal. Substantial differences are present in (inter)organ metabolism and transport among the BCAA and its metabolites BCKA and HMB. The presented data in a translation animal model are relevant for the future development of optimized clinical nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella A M Ten Have
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University. College Station, Texas
| | - Lisa Jansen
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University. College Station, Texas
| | - Marieke G Schooneman
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marielle P K J Engelen
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University. College Station, Texas
| | - Nicolaas E P Deutz
- Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University. College Station, Texas
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Ilaiwy A, Ten Have GAM, Bain JR, Muehlbauer MJ, O'Neal SK, Berthiaume JM, Parry TL, Deutz NE, Willis MS. Identification of Metabolic Changes in Ileum, Jejunum, Skeletal Muscle, Liver, and Lung in a Continuous I.V. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Model of Sepsis Using Nontargeted Metabolomics Analysis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:1797-1813. [PMID: 31439155 PMCID: PMC6723233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a multiorgan disease affecting the ileum and jejunum (small intestine), liver, skeletal muscle, and lung clinically. The specific metabolic changes in the ileum, jejunum, liver, skeletal muscle, and lung have not previously been investigated. Live Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolated from a patient, was given via i.v. catheter to pigs to induce severe sepsis. Eighteen hours later, ileum, jejunum, medial gastrocnemius skeletal muscle, liver, and lung were analyzed by nontargeted metabolomics analysis using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The ileum and the liver demonstrated significant changes in metabolites involved in linoleic acid metabolism: the ileum and lung had significant changes in the metabolism of valine/leucine/isoleucine; the jejunum, skeletal muscle, and liver had significant changes in arginine/proline metabolism; and the skeletal muscle and lung had significant changes in aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, as analyzed by pathway analysis. Pathway analysis also identified changes in metabolic pathways unique for different tissues, including changes in the citric acid cycle (jejunum), β-alanine metabolism (skeletal muscle), and purine metabolism (liver). These findings demonstrate both overlapping metabolic pathways affected in different tissues and those that are unique to others and provide insight into the metabolic changes in sepsis leading to organ dysfunction. This may allow therapeutic interventions that focus on multiple tissues or single tissues once the relationship of the altered metabolites/metabolism to the underlying pathogenesis of sepsis is determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amro Ilaiwy
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Gabriella A M Ten Have
- Center for Translational Research in Aging and Longevity, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - James R Bain
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Michael J Muehlbauer
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Sara K O'Neal
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jessica M Berthiaume
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Traci L Parry
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Nicolaas E Deutz
- Center for Translational Research in Aging and Longevity, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Monte S Willis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Krannert Institute of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
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Ten Have GAM, Engelen MPKJ, Wolfe RR, Deutz NEP. Inhibition of jejunal protein synthesis and breakdown in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced sepsis pig model. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 316:G755-G762. [PMID: 30978112 PMCID: PMC6620581 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00407.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of gut integrity has long been recognized as crucial for survival in sepsis, but alterations in protein metabolism have not previously been documented. Therefore, in the present study, we measured in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced porcine sepsis model fractional protein synthesis (FSR) and breakdown rates (FBR) in jejunal mucosa in a fasted, conscious state. FSR was measured by the incorporation rate of stable tracer amino acid (l-[ring-13C6]phenylalanine) into tissue protein. FBR was determined using the relation between blood arterial enrichment and intracellular enrichment of phenylalanine in consecutive mucosal biopsies after a pulse of l-[15N]phenylalanine. Additionally, we determined the FSR in jejunum, ileum, liver, muscle, and lung tissue. We found in this sham-controlled acute sepsis pig model (control: n = 9; sepsis: n = 13) that jejunal mucosal protein turnover is reduced with both decreased FSR (control: 3.29 ± 0.22; sepsis: 2.32 ± 0.12%/h, P = 0.0008) and FBR (control: 0.72 ± 0.12; sepsis: 0.34 ± 0.04%/h, P = 0.006). We also found that FSR was unchanged in ileum and muscle, whereas it was higher in the liver (control: 0.87 ± 0.05; sepsis: 1.05 ± 0.06%/h, P = 0.041). Our data, obtained with a translational acute sepsis model, suggest that jejunal mucosal protein metabolism is diminished in acute sepsis. Comparison with other tissues indicates that the most serious acute metabolic changes in sepsis occur in the jejunum rather than the muscle. NEW & NOTEWORTHY In a highly translational acute sepsis model, presented data suggest that jejunal mucosal protein metabolism is diminished in acute sepsis, even if the origin of the sepsis is not located in the gut. Comparison with other tissues indicates that the most serious acute changes in the protein synthesis rates in sepsis occur in the gut rather than the muscle. Therefore, we hypothesize that preventing a compromised gut is critical to maintain gut function during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriëlla A. M. Ten Have
- 1Center for Translational Research in Aging and Longevity, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas,2Donald W. Reynolds Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Mariëlle P. K. J. Engelen
- 1Center for Translational Research in Aging and Longevity, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas,2Donald W. Reynolds Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Robert R. Wolfe
- 2Donald W. Reynolds Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Nicolaas E. P. Deutz
- 1Center for Translational Research in Aging and Longevity, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas,2Donald W. Reynolds Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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