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Waldeck D, Berman-Roberts E, Smyth C, Riva P, Adie J, Holliman AJ, Tyndall I. Unraveling Perceived Ostracism: The Role of Antagonistic Traits and Attachment Orientation. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2024:1-19. [PMID: 39254276 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2024.2396837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Perceived ostracism (e.g., feeling ignored and excluded) can lead to psychological distress. There has been little empirical research into the types (profiles) of people more likely to perceive ostracism. The present study (N = 604) used latent class analysis (LCA) to (a) explore classes based on antagonistic traits (narcissism, machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism)while controlling for attachment orientation (attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance) and (b) examine whether such classes could reliably differentiate levels of self-reported perceived ostracism. We extracted five classes: (a) Average Low, (b) the Non-Antagonisers, (c) Average High, (d) Spiteful Manipulators, and (e) the High Antagonisers. Those in the High Antagonisers class reported significantly higher levels of perceived ostracism compared to all other classes. No other differences between classes were observed. There were also significant positive relationships for avoidant and anxious attachment on perceived ostracism, respectively. This study provides new insight into the profiles of individuals who may be more likely to perceive ostracism. However, further research is needed to explore the association between personality and perceived ostracism. Researchers may consider measuring the potential outcomes following perceived ostracism for such groups and/or design potential interventions for those at risk of such experiences.
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Wen X, Shu Y, Qu D, Wang Y, Cui Z, Zhang X, Chen R. Associations of bullying perpetration and peer victimization subtypes with preadolescent's suicidality, non-suicidal self-injury, neurocognition, and brain development. BMC Med 2023; 21:141. [PMID: 37046279 PMCID: PMC10091581 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02808-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although both peer victimization and bullying perpetration negatively impact preadolescents' development, the underlying neurobiological mechanism of this adverse relationship remains unclear. Besides, the specific psycho-cognitive patterns of different bullying subtypes also need further exploration, warranting large-scale studies on both general bullying and specific bullying subtypes. METHODS We adopted a retrospective methodology by utilizing the data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study (ABCD Study®) cohort collected between July 2018 and January 2021. Participants were preadolescents aged from 10 to 13 years. The main purpose of our study is to examine the associations of general and specific peer victimization/bullying perpetration with preadolescents' (1) suicidality and non-suicidal self-injury; (2) executive function and memory, including attention inhibition, processing speed, emotion working memory, and episodic memory; (3) brain structure abnormalities; and (4) brain network disturbances. Age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), socioeconomic status (SES), and data acquisition site were included as covariates. RESULTS A total of 5819 participants aged from 10 to 13 years were included in this study. Higher risks of suicide ideation, suicide attempt, and non-suicidal self-injury were found to be associated with both bullying perpetration/peer victimization and their subtypes (i.e., overt, relational, and reputational). Meanwhile, poor episodic memory was shown to be associated with general victimization. As for perpetration, across all four tasks, significant positive associations of relational perpetration with executive function and episodic memory consistently manifested, yet opposite patterns were shown in overt perpetration. Notably, distinct psycho-cognitive patterns were shown among different subtypes. Additionally, victimization was associated with structural brain abnormalities in the bilateral paracentral and posterior cingulate cortex. Furthermore, victimization was associated with brain network disturbances between default mode network and dorsal attention network, between default mode network and fronto-parietal network, and ventral attention network related connectivities, including default mode network, dorsal attention network, cingulo-opercular network, cingulo-parietal network, and sensorimotor hand network. Perpetration was also associated with brain network disturbances between the attention network and the sensorimotor hand network. CONCLUSIONS Our findings offered new evidence for the literature landscape by emphasizing the associations of bullying experiences with preadolescents' clinical characteristics and cognitive functions, while distinctive psycho-cognitive patterns were shown among different subtypes. Additionally, there is evidence that these associations are related to neurocognitive brain networks involved in attention control and episodic retrieval. Given our findings, future interventions targeting ameliorating the deleterious effect of bullying experiences on preadolescents should consider their subtypes and utilize an ecosystemic approach involving all responsible parties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wen
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinuo Shu
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Diyang Qu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinzhe Wang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zaixu Cui
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tsinghua University Yuquan Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Runsen Chen
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Shafti M, Taylor P, Forrester A, Handerer F, Pratt D. A systematic review of the co-occurrence of self-harm and aggression: Is dual harm a unique behavioural construct? Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1083271. [PMID: 36873217 PMCID: PMC9978485 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1083271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dual harm is the co-occurrence of self-harm and aggression during an individual's lifetime. It is unclear whether sufficient evidence exists for dual harm as a unique clinical entity. This systematic review aimed to examine whether there are psychological factors that are uniquely associated with dual harm when compared to those who have engaged in sole harm (self-harm alone, aggression alone) and no harmful behaviours. Our secondary aim was to conduct a critical appraisal of the literature. Methods The review searched PsycINFO, PubMed, CINAHL, and EThOS on September 27, 2022, resulting in 31 eligible papers that represented 15,094 individuals. An adapted version of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality was used to assess risk of bias and a narrative synthesis was conducted. Results The included studies assessed differences in mental health problems, personality, and emotion related factors between the different behavioural groups. We found weak evidence that dual harm is an independent construct with unique psychological characteristics. Rather, our review suggests that dual harm results from the interaction of psychological risk factors that are associated with self-harm and aggression. Discussion The critical appraisal identified numerous limitations within the dual harm literature. Clinical implications and recommendations for future research are provided. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=197323, identifier CRD42020197323.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matina Shafti
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Taylor
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Forrester
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Fritz Handerer
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Pratt
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Chaplin E, Rawat A, Perera B, McCarthy J, Courtenay K, Forrester A, Young S, Hayward H, Sabet J, Underwood L, Mills R, Asherson P, Murphy D. Prisoners with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: co-morbidities and service pathways. Int J Prison Health 2022; 18:245-258. [PMID: 38899613 DOI: 10.1108/ijph-03-2021-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper aims to examine effective diagnostic and treatment pathways for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in prison settings given the high prevalence of ADHD and comorbidities in the prison population. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH Two studies were carried out in two separate prisons in London. Firstly, data were collected to understand the prevalence of ADHD and the comorbidities. The second study used quality improvement (QI) methodology to assess the impact of a diagnostic and treatment pathway for prisoners with ADHD. FINDINGS Of the prisoners, 22.5% met the diagnostic criteria for ADHD. Nearly half of them were screened positive for autistic traits, with a higher prevalence of mental disorders among prisoners with ADHD compared to those without. The QI project led to a significant increase in the number of prisoners identified as requiring ADHD assessment but a modest increase in the number of prisoners diagnosed or treated for ADHD. ORIGINALITY/VALUE Despite various challenges, an ADHD diagnostic and treatment pathway was set up in a prison using adapted QI methodology. Further research is needed to explore the feasibility of routine screening for ADHD in prison and examine at a national level the effectiveness of current ADHD prison pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amina Rawat
- Barnet Enfield and Haringey Mental Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Bhathika Perera
- Haringey LD Partnership, Barnet Enfield and Haringey Mental Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Jane McCarthy
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ken Courtenay
- Barnet Enfield and Haringey Mental Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Lisa Underwood
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
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Huang Y, Zhang S, Zhong S, Gou N, Sun Q, Guo H, Lin R, Guo W, Chen H, Wang J, Zhou J, Wang X. The association of childhood adversities and mental health problems with dual-harm in individuals with serious aggressive behaviors. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:385. [PMID: 35672721 PMCID: PMC9175457 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coexistence of self-harm and aggression, which is referred to as dual-harm, is commonly seen in forensic population. Self-harm and aggression have often been studied separately, previous studies on risk factors of aggression or self-harm mainly focused on childhood adversities, emotional regulation, impulsivity and psychopathology, given their importance in the two behaviors. However, the factors associated with dual-harm remain unclear. This study aimed to explore potential risk factors associated with co-occurring self-harm among individuals with serious aggressive behaviors. METHODS This multi-center, cross-sectional case-control study was conducted from May 2013 to January 2016 and involved seven qualified forensic institutes located in seven provinces in China. Participants were individuals with serious aggressive behaviors and were suspected to have mental disorders. Lifetime history of self-harm was obtained by a self-report questionnaire, and serious aggressive behaviors were assessed with the use of participants' forensic archive. Sociodemographic and clinical information were collected using a self-designed standardized data collection form, and childhood adversities was assessed using a clinician-rated scale designed by our research team. The Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) was used to assess psychopathic traits and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to assess psychiatric symptoms of the participants. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze the relevant factors for dual-harm. RESULTS A total of 423 individuals with serious aggressive behaviors were enrolled in the current study. Of them, 74 (17.5%) with self-harm history assigned into the dual-harm group (D-H) and 349 (82.5%) without self-harm history assigned into the aggression-only group (A-O). According to the binary logistic regression analysis, current diagnosis of mood disorder (OR = 3.2, 95%CI: 1.2-8.5), child abuse (OR = 2.8, 95%CI: 1.3-6.2), parental death (OR = 3.0, 95%CI: 1.2-7.5), and the score of the affective subscale in BPRS (OR = 1.7, 95%CI: 1.3-2.4) were significantly associated with dual-harm. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested the necessity of integrated evaluation of self-harm among individuals with serious aggressive behaviors. Childhood adversities and psychiatric symptoms in this population require special attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Renming Road 139, Changsha, 410011 Hunan Province China
| | - Simei Zhang
- grid.452897.50000 0004 6091 8446Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaoling Zhong
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072 Department of Community Mental Health, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ningzhi Gou
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Renming Road 139, Changsha, 410011 Hunan Province China
| | - Qiaoling Sun
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Renming Road 139, Changsha, 410011 Hunan Province China
| | - Huijuan Guo
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Renming Road 139, Changsha, 410011 Hunan Province China
| | - Ruoheng Lin
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Renming Road 139, Changsha, 410011 Hunan Province China
| | - Weilong Guo
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Renming Road 139, Changsha, 410011 Hunan Province China
| | - Hui Chen
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Renming Road 139, Changsha, 410011 Hunan Province China
| | - Jizhi Wang
- grid.452708.c0000 0004 1803 0208Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Renming Road 139, Changsha, 410011 Hunan Province China
| | - Jiansong Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Renming Road 139, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Renming Road 139, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
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Xiong Y, Wei Y, Wang Y, Zhang H, Yang L, Ren P. Self-harm and Aggression in Chinese Early Adolescents: Their Co-occurrence and the Role of Bullying Victimization. J Youth Adolesc 2022; 51:2008-2017. [PMID: 35503194 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01620-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Self-harm and aggression increase markedly during early adolescence. However, few studies considered these harmful behaviors simultaneously. This study employed a person-centered approach to identify profiles of adolescents who differed in their patterns of self-harm, reactive aggression, and proactive aggression, examined the stability of these patterns, and explored the effect of bullying victimization on latent profile membership and transition. A total of 2463 early adolescents (48.8% girls, Mage = 13.93 ± 0.59) participated in two waves of the study over six months. The results indicated that low symptoms profile (80.4%), moderate aggression profile (14.2%), high aggression profile (3.0%), and high self-harm profile (2.4%) were identified at time 1, and low symptoms profile (82.1%), dual-harm profile (7.6%), high aggression profile (7.7%), and high self-harm profile (2.6%) were identified at time 2. Adolescents assigned to at-risk profiles showed moderate to high transition, suggesting the developmental heterogeneity of self-harm and aggression. Moreover, adolescents high in bullying victimization were more likely to belong or transition to at-risk profiles. The findings revealed the co-occurring and transitional nature of self-harm and aggression and the transdiagnostic role of bullying victimization, which can be used to guide prevention and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuke Xiong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yi Wei
- China National Children's Center, 43 Pinganlixi Street, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ping Ren
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China.
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7
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Shafti M, Steeg S, de Beurs D, Pratt D, Forrester A, Webb RT, Taylor PJ. The inter-connections between self-harm and aggressive behaviours: A general network analysis study of dual harm. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:953764. [PMID: 35935416 PMCID: PMC9354883 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.953764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual harm is the co-occurrence of self-harm and aggression during an individual's lifetime. This behaviour is especially prevalent within criminal justice and forensic settings. The forms of aggression that should be included in the definition of dual harm have not yet been established. This study aimed to use network analysis to inform an evidence-based definition of dual harm by assessing the relationship between self-harm and different forms of aggressive behaviour in young people (N = 3,579). We used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Results revealed low correlations between the variables, leading to sparse network models with weak connections. We found that when separated into their distinct forms, aggressive acts and self-harm are only weakly correlated. Our work provides preliminary evidence to assist in understanding and managing dual harm within clinical and forensic settings and informs recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matina Shafti
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Centre for Mental Health and Safety, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Steeg
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Centre for New Treatments and Understanding in Mental Health (CeNTrUM), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Derek de Beurs
- Trimbos Institute (Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction), Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Daniel Pratt
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Centre for Mental Health and Safety, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Centre for New Treatments and Understanding in Mental Health (CeNTrUM), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Forrester
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Roger T Webb
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Centre for Mental Health and Safety, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, University of Manchester and Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Peter James Taylor
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Centre for Mental Health and Safety, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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8
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Shafti M, Taylor PJ, Forrester A, Pratt D. The Co-occurrence of Self-Harm and Aggression: A Cognitive-Emotional Model of Dual-Harm. Front Psychol 2021; 12:586135. [PMID: 33716854 PMCID: PMC7946988 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.586135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that some individuals engage in both self-harm and aggression during the course of their lifetime. The co-occurrence of self-harm and aggression is termed dual-harm. Individuals who engage in dual-harm may represent a high-risk group with unique characteristics and pattern of harmful behaviours. Nevertheless, there is an absence of clinical guidelines for the treatment and prevention of dual-harm and a lack of agreed theoretical framework that accounts for why people may engage in this behaviour. The present work aimed to address this gap in the literature by providing a narrative review of previous research of self-harm, aggression and dual-harm, and through doing so, presenting an evidence-based theory of dual-harm – the cognitive-emotional model of dual-harm. This model draws from previous studies and theories, including the General Aggression Model, diathesis-stress models and emotional dysregulation theories. The cognitive-emotional model highlights the potential distal, proximal and feedback processes of dual-harm, the role of personality style and the possible emotional regulation and interpersonal functions of this behaviour. In line with our theory, various clinical and research implications for dual-harm are suggested, including hypotheses to be tested by future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matina Shafti
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Peter James Taylor
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Forrester
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscienecs, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Pratt
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Ismail N. The politics of austerity, imprisonment and ignorance: A case study of English prisons. MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND THE LAW 2020; 60:89-92. [PMID: 32041476 DOI: 10.1177/0025802419899744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nasrul Ismail
- Centre for Public Health and Wellbeing, University of the West of England (UWE Bristol), UK Nasrul. Ismail@uwe. ac. uk
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