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Reed SM. "It's Not Something That I Realized Until I Started Working Here": A Constructivist Grounded Theory of Knowledge Transmission in Victim Service Providers. Violence Against Women 2023:10778012231214774. [PMID: 37974416 DOI: 10.1177/10778012231214774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
National estimates indicate that intimate partner violence (IPV) impacts people of all social demographics. Although IPV is a pervasive issue, LGBTQ+ individuals and heterosexual men note stark disparities in responses from victim advocates compared to heterosexual women. To highlight the influence of agency training on advocates' perceptions of IPV and diverse survivor populations, interviews were conducted with victim advocates and constructivist grounded theory methods were employed. Analyses show that advocates undergo a three-phase process of learning about IPV when starting at their agencies. Advocate's narratives highlight limitations in training and the importance of workplace experiences in growing understanding of IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shon M Reed
- Department of Sociology & Criminal Justice, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
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2
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Carlisle NA, MacCarthy S, Elliott MN, Miller P, Pavela G. Refining United States Sexual Minority Adult Population Estimates with the Inclusion of "Something Else" and "Don't Know" Survey Responses. LGBT Health 2023; 10:639-643. [PMID: 37335955 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2022.0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To refine estimates of the U.S. sexual minority population, we sought to characterize trends in the odds of respondents selecting "something else" or "don't know" when asked about sexual orientation on the National Health Interview Survey and to reclassify those respondents likely to be sexual minority adults. Methods: Logistic regression was conducted to test whether the odds of selecting "something else" or "don't know" increased over time. A previously established analytic approach was used to identify sexual minority adults among these respondents. Results: Between 2013 and 2018, the percentage of respondents selecting "something else" or "don't know" increased 2.7-fold, from 0.54% to 1.44%. Reclassifying respondents with >50% predicted probabilities of being sexual minorities increased sexual minority population estimates by as much as 20.2%. Conclusion: A growing proportion of adults are selecting "something else" or "don't know." Properly classifying these responses yields more accurate sexual minority population estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Carlisle
- Department of Health Behavior, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sarah MacCarthy
- Department of Health Behavior, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | - Peyton Miller
- Department of Health Behavior, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Gregory Pavela
- Department of Health Behavior, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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3
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Wichaidit W, Mattawanon N, Somboonmark W, Prodtongsom N, Chongsuvivatwong V, Assanangkornchai S. Behavioral health and experience of violence among cisgender heterosexual and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and questioning, and asexual (LGBTQA+) adolescents in Thailand. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287130. [PMID: 37319307 PMCID: PMC10270608 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of health disparities between population groups is essential to provide basic information for resource prioritization in public health. The objective of this study is to assess the extent that behavioral health outcomes and experience of violence varied between cisgender heterosexual adolescents and those who identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and questioning, and asexual (LGBTQA+) in the 5th National School Survey on Alcohol Consumption, Substance Use and Other Health-Risk Behaviors. METHODS We surveyed secondary school students in years 7, 9 and 11 in 113 schools in Thailand. We used self-administered questionnaires to ask participants about their gender identity and sexual orientation and classified participants as cisgender heterosexual, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and questioning, or asexual, stratified by sex assigned at birth. We also measured depressive symptoms, suicidality, sexual behaviors, alcohol and tobacco use, drug use, and past-year experience of violence. We analyzed the survey data using descriptive statistics with adjustment for sampling weights. RESULTS Our analyses included data from 23,659 participants who returned adequately-completed questionnaires. Among participants included in our analyses, 23 percent identified as LGBTQA+ with the most common identity being bisexual/polysexual girls. Participants who identified as LGBTQA+ were more likely to be in older year levels and attending general education schools rather than vocational schools. LGBTQA+ participants generally had higher prevalence of depressive symptoms, suicidality, and alcohol use than cisgender heterosexual participants, whereas the prevalence of sexual behaviors, lifetime history of illicit drug use, and past-year history of violence varied widely between groups. CONCLUSION We found disparities in behavioral health between cisgender heterosexual participants and LGBTQA+ participants. However, issues regarding potential misclassification of participants, limitation of past-year history of behaviors to the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the lack of data from youths outside the formal education system should be considered as caveats in the interpretation of the study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wit Wichaidit
- Faculty of Medicine, Epidemiology Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
- Centre for Alcohol Studies, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Natnita Mattawanon
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Witchaya Somboonmark
- Faculty of Science, Division of Computational Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Nattaphorn Prodtongsom
- Faculty of Science, Division of Computational Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | | | - Sawitri Assanangkornchai
- Faculty of Medicine, Epidemiology Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
- Centre for Alcohol Studies, Hat Yai, Thailand
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4
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Morandini JS, Menzies RE, Moreton SG, Dar-Nimrod I. Do Beliefs About Sexual Orientation Predict Sexual Identity Labeling Among Sexual Minorities? ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2023; 52:1239-1254. [PMID: 36385682 PMCID: PMC10102111 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02465-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Research has found that sexual orientation beliefs predict heterosexuals' attitudes toward sexual minorities, and important sexual identity outcomes in sexual minority populations. To this point, no studies have systematically examined how sexual orientation beliefs may be associated with sexual identity self-labeling among sexual minority individuals. The present study examined this question in a sample of 1840 same-gender attracted individuals recruited for a cross-sectional online survey. Beliefs in the naturalness and discreteness of sexual orientation categories were highest in gay/lesbian individuals, intermediate in bisexual people, and lower in queer and pansexual individuals. Beliefs in the importance of sexual orientation were highest in gay/lesbian and queer identified individuals and lower in bisexual people. Within-group analysis demonstrated that gay/lesbian individuals who reported more exclusive same-gender attraction reported higher naturalness, discreteness, and importance beliefs than those with less-exclusive same-gender attraction. However, naturalness, discreteness, and importance beliefs were not associated with sexual attraction patterns in bisexual individuals. Finally, among predominately same-gender attracted populations, the adoption of a queer identity (over a gay/lesbian identity) was predicted by lower naturalness and discreteness beliefs, and increased perceived importance in females. Among non-monosexual populations, adoption of a pansexual identity over a bisexual identity was predicted by lower naturalness beliefs in females, but not predicted by sexual orientation beliefs in males. Collectively, these findings suggest that sexual orientation beliefs differ between sexual identity groups and may partly explain the adoption of particular sexual identity labels among contemporary sexual minority populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- James S Morandini
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Rachel E Menzies
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Sam G Moreton
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Ilan Dar-Nimrod
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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5
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Prediger C, Heinrichs K, Tezcan-Güntekin H, Stadler G, Pilz González L, Lyk P, Majgaard G, Stock C. LGBTQIA+ Adolescents' Perceptions of Gender Tailoring and Portrayal in a Virtual-Reality-Based Alcohol-Prevention Tool: A Qualitative Interview Study and Thematic Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2784. [PMID: 36833482 PMCID: PMC9957229 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Gender-sensitive interventions in alcohol-prevention that target adolescents often lead to binary tailoring for girls and boys. However, increased societal and legal recognition of sexual and gender minorities as well as research with this age group demand a broader understanding of gender. Therefore, the present study addresses the question of how interventions should be further developed to include sexual and gender diversity by exploring LGBTQIA+ adolescents' perceptions of gender portrayal and gender-tailoring using Virtual LimitLab-a virtual-reality simulation for training refusal skills under peer pressure to consume alcohol. Qualitative interviews with 16 LGBTQIA+ adolescents were conducted after individual simulation testing. Using a thematic analysis with reflexive orientation, four themes were identified: Statements on relevance of gender, opinions on tailoring- and flirting options, and opinions on characters. Participants called for greater diversity representation among the characters, regarding gender identity and sexual orientation, as well as for representing, e.g., racialised peers. Moreover, participants suggested expanding the simulation's flirting options by adding bisexual and aromantic/asexual options. Divergent views on the relevance of gender and wishes for tailoring options reflected the participant group's heterogeneity. Based on these findings, future gender-sensitive interventions should conceptualise gender in a complex and multidimensional manner that intersects with further diversity categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Prediger
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katherina Heinrichs
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hürrem Tezcan-Güntekin
- Department of Health and Education, Alice Salomon University of Applied Science, Alice-Salomon-Platz 5, 12627 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gertraud Stadler
- Institute of Gender in Medicine, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Pilz González
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Patricia Lyk
- SDU Game Development and Learning Technology, Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Gunver Majgaard
- SDU Game Development and Learning Technology, Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Christiane Stock
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Unit for Health Promotion Research, University of Southern Denmark, Degnevej 14, 6705 Esbjerg, Denmark
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Jensen A, Schofield KA, Stueber A, Hobaica S, Cuttler C. Progressive, but promiscuous and confused: perceptions of sexual minority identity labels in a nationally representative sample. PSYCHOLOGY & SEXUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19419899.2022.2063755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Jensen
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Kyle A. Schofield
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Amanda Stueber
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Steven Hobaica
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Carrie Cuttler
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States
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Peña B, Tadros E. Clinician knowledge, training, and experience working with pansexual youth. SEXUAL AND RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/14681994.2021.1994137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brisa Peña
- Psychology, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA
| | - Eman Tadros
- Division of Psychology and Counseling, Governors State University, University Park, USA
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Schofield KA, Hobaica S, Jensen A, Cuttler C. Out, proud, and resilient: effects of sexual identity labels on perceptions of sexual minorities. PSYCHOLOGY & SEXUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/19419899.2021.1978528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A. Schofield
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, United States
| | - Steven Hobaica
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, United States
| | - Alexander Jensen
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, United States
| | - Carrie Cuttler
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, United States
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Porta CM, Brown C. Re-orienting Researchers: Why Labels Matter and Why We Must Do Better. West J Nurs Res 2019; 42:79-80. [PMID: 31631787 DOI: 10.1177/0193945919883330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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