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Sund LT, Cameron B, Johns MM, Gao WZ, O'Dell K, Hapner ER. Laryngologists' Reported Decision-Making in Presbyphonia Treatment. J Voice 2024; 38:723-730. [PMID: 34819238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Decision-making regarding behavioral versus procedural intervention in the treatment of presbyphonia has not been well defined. The study objective was to survey laryngologists' reported practice patterns and decision-making in presbyphonia. METHODS All laryngology faculty in U.S. academic medical centers with residency programs were recruited to complete an anonymous 29-item survey regarding decision-making in presbyphonia treatment. The survey included 5 sections: demographics, first-line treatment distribution, factors that drive decision-making toward procedural intervention, treatment progression if first-line treatment is insufficient, durable treatment. RESULTS Of 153 laryngologists surveyed, 89 responded (58%). Voice therapy (VT) was the most often reported first-line treatment, with 57% of respondents indicating the majority of their patients receive VT initially. Most respondents (83%) indicated they occasionally use procedural intervention as first-line treatment. Factors driving first-line procedural intervention were severe glottal insufficiency (87%), high occupational/social voice demands (76%), voice not stimulable for change (73%), difficulty attending VT (70%), severe dysphonia (65%), and dysphagia (61%). The majority of respondents indicated the following do not affect their decision to pursue procedural intervention: patient age (88%); medical comorbidities (63%); patient's desire for a "quick fix" (55%); patient-reported outcome measures (51%). Most respondents (81%) use trial injection augmentation before durable treatment. Of durable treatments, bilateral thyroplasty was preferred (71%), followed by CaHA (15%) and lipoinjection (11%). CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to our knowledge to examine factors that influence decision-making in presbyphonia treatment. While VT remains the most frequent first-line treatment, study results better inform decision-making regarding first-line procedural intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Timmons Sund
- USC Voice Center, USC Caruso Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California
| | - Brian Cameron
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas - Houston, Cameron, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael M Johns
- USC Voice Center, USC Caruso Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California
| | - William Z Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Gao, Washington, DC
| | - Karla O'Dell
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Gao, Washington, DC
| | - Edie R Hapner
- UAB Voice Center, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Hapner, Birmingham, Alabama.
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Xian ZX, Wang X, Chen YC, Teng YS. Preliminary assessment of portable sleep monitoring for diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea in children. Sleep Breath 2024; 28:419-425. [PMID: 37718356 PMCID: PMC10955026 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-023-02919-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE By observing the differences in sleep parameters between portable sleep monitoring (PM) and polysomnography (PSG) in children, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic value and feasibility of PM in children with suspected obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). STUDY DESIGN This prospective study enrolled consecutive children (aged 3-14 years) with suspected OSA in Shenzhen Children's Hospital. They had PSG and PM in the sleep laboratory. Clinical parameters of the two sleep monitoring methods were compared. RESULTS A total of 58 children participated. They were classified into two groups according to age: 28 children aged 3 to 5 years and 30 children aged 6 to 14 years. No significant differences were observed in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO2), and mean oxygen saturation (MSaO2) between PM and PSG, but the sleep efficiency with PM was significantly higher (3-5 years age: 92.2 ± 11.3% vs 85.2 ± 14.3%, 6-14 years age: 93.2 ± 14.5% vs 84.8 ± 16.3%, both P < 0.05) than the sleep efficiency with PSG. Pearson correlation analysis indicated a strong correlation between AHI, LSaO2, MSaO2, and sleep efficiency measured by PSG and PM. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed that PM was a reliable diagnostic tool for OSA. PM has high sensitivity (3-5 years age: 95.8%, 6-14 years age: 96.3%) and low specificity (3-5 years age: 25.0%, 6-14 years age: 33.3%) for OSA in children. Thus, there is a low rate of missed diagnoses, but there is some inaccuracy in excluding children who do not have OSA. CONCLUSION The results showed that PM has a good correlation with the various parameters of PSG. PM may be a reliable tool for diagnosing moderate and severe OSA in children, especially those who cannot cooperate with PSG or who have limited access to PSG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xiong Xian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, China Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong-Chao Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yi-Shu Teng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Rodrigues DDA, Simões-Zenari M, Cota ADR, Nemr K. Voice and Communication in News Anchors: What is the Impact of the Passage of Time? J Voice 2024; 38:384-391. [PMID: 34736816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION News anchors, as high-performance voice professionals, may be subject to voice and communication changes throughout their careers. OBJECTIVE To compare the overall degree of vocal deviation, use of vocal and nonverbal resources, pleasantness and expressiveness of Brazilian journalists - news anchors - at 2 time points: at the beginning of their career and late in their career, when they are at an old age. METHODS A longitudinal observational study that analyzed voice samples collected indirectly from 20 professional male journalists at 2 time points with a minimum interval of 25 years: at the beginning of the career (T1) and at present (T2). The journalists were 60 years old or older, and the samples were narratives with similar communicative content. The overall degree of vocal deviation and use of vocal resources (presence/absence of vocal alteration, vocal attack, loudness, pitch, resonance, articulation of speech sounds, speech speed and breath-speech coordination) and nonverbal resources (emphasis, pauses, rhythm and loudness and pitch variations) were analyzed. Nine judges analyzed the expressiveness and pleasantness of the participants' voices. THE RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 38.6 years at T1 and 73.7 years at T2. Differences observed between T1 and T2 included greater overall degree of deviation at T2; greater presence of vocal alterations; and worsening of vocal attack, loudness, pitch, articulation and breath-speech coordination. A directly proportional correlation between pleasantness and expressiveness and an inversely proportional correlation between pleasantness and expressiveness and the overall degree of vocal deviation were observed. CONCLUSION Worsening of some vocal aspects was observed; however, the participants' nonverbal characteristics, pleasantness and expressiveness were unchanged throughout their careers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo de Albuquerque Rodrigues
- Department of Speech Therapy, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcia Simões-Zenari
- Department of Speech Therapy, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ariane Dos Reis Cota
- Department of Speech Therapy, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Katia Nemr
- Department of Speech Therapy, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Naunheim MR, Puka E, Huston MN. Do You Like Your Voice? A Population-Based Survey of Voice Satisfaction and Voice Enhancement. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:3455-3461. [PMID: 37309825 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Voice enhancement for patients without obvious vocal pathology or loss of function is rarely discussed clinically or in academic research. Our objectives were to: (1) determine voice satisfaction on a population level, and (2) assess willingness to consider interventions to change one's voice. METHODS A standardized questionnaire was created to assess current and past voice disorders. Questions assessed demographics, health status, prevalence of voice disorders, and questions regarding satisfaction with voice. Iterative survey testing and piloting were performed. A cohort with age, gender, and geographic distribution of the general adult population was then queried in an online survey. Qualitative analysis and both descriptive and multivariate statistics were performed. RESULTS A total of 1522 respondents were included, with an age, gender, and regional distribution reflective of the US population. A minority (38.8%) of respondents reported that they did not like the sound of their own voice in normal conversation; when asked about listening to a recording of their own voice, a majority (57.5%) reported dissatisfaction with voice. Discontent with one's voice was associated with being middle age (p = 0.005), female gender (p < 0.0001), and white race (p < 0.0001). Approximately 50.6% of respondents without a history of dysphonia would consider interventions to change their voice. Of those who indicated they may elect to change their voice, qualities regarding clarity and pitch were paramount. CONCLUSION Dissatisfaction with one's speaking voice is common. A considerable percentage of the general population without a voice disorder would consider interventions to change their voice. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 133:3455-3461, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Naunheim
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elefteria Puka
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Molly N Huston
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Niermeyer W, Diao G, Bielamowicz SA, Stager SV. Predicting Airflow from Measures Sensitive to Mid-cord Glottal Gap During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2023; 132:1543-1549. [PMID: 37096374 DOI: 10.1177/00034894231170937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine if trans-laryngeal airflow, important in assessing vocal function in paresis/paralysis and presbylarynges patients with mid-cord glottal gaps, could be predicted by other measures sensitive to mid-cord glottal gap size but with smaller risks of spreading COVID-19, and if any patient factors need consideration. METHODS Four populations were: unilateral vocal fold paresis/paralysis (UVFP, 148), aging and UVFP (UVFP plus aging, 22), bilateral vocal fold paresis/paralysis without airway obstruction (BVFP, 49), and presbylarynges (66). Five measures were selected from the initial clinic visit: mean airflow from repeated /pi/ syllables, longer of 2 /s/ and 2 /z/ productions, higher of 2 cepstral peak prominence smoothed for vowel /a/ (CPPSa), and Glottal Function Index (GFI). S/Z ratios were computed. Stepwise regression models used 3 measures and 5 patient factors (age, sex, etiology, diagnosis, and potentially impaired power source for voicing) to predict airflow. RESULTS Log-transformations were required to normalize distributions of airflow and S/Z ratio. The final model revealed age, sex, impaired power source, log-transformed S/Z ratio, and GFI predicted log-transformed airflow (R2 = .275, F[5,278] = 21.1; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The amount of variance explained by the model was not high, suggesting adding other predictive variables to the model might increase the variance explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weston Niermeyer
- Division of Otolaryngology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Guoqing Diao
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Steven A Bielamowicz
- Division of Otolaryngology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sheila V Stager
- Division of Otolaryngology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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Parlak MM, Saylam G, Babademez MA, Munis ÖB, Tokgöz SA. Voice analysis results in individuals with Alzheimer's disease: How do age and cognitive status affect voice parameters? Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3271. [PMID: 37794703 PMCID: PMC10636380 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reports of acoustic changes in the voice in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the relationship of acoustic changes with age and cognitive status are still limited. OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine the changes in voice analysis results in AD, as well as the effects of age and cognitive status on voice parameters. METHODS The study included 47 (AD: 30; healthy: 17) women with a mean age of 76.13 years. The acoustic voice parameters mean fundamental frequency (F0), relative average perturbation (RAP), jitter percent (Jitt), shimmer percent (Shim), and noise-to-harmonic ratio were detected. The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was utilized. RESULTS F0, Shim, Jitt, and RAP values were found to be statistically significantly higher in individuals with AD compared to healthy individuals. There was a significant negative correlation between MMSE and F0, Jitt, RAP and Shim, and the MMSE score had a significant negative effect on F0, Jitt, and RAP (p < .05). CONCLUSION Cognitive status was discovered to significantly impact the voice, with fundamental frequency and frequency and amplitude perturbations increasing as cognitive level decreases. In order to contribute to the therapy process for voice disorders, cognitive functions can be focused on in addition to voice therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mümüne Merve Parlak
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Faculty of Health SciencesAnkara Yıldırım Beyazıt UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Güleser Saylam
- Department of OtolaryngologyEtlik City HospitalAnkaraTurkey
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Nishimoto K, Yumoto E, Sanuki T, Kodama N, Kuraoka K, Miyamoto T, Miyamaru S, Orita Y. Effect of Aging on Vocal Outcomes After Laryngeal Reinnervation Combined With Arytenoid Adduction. J Voice 2023:S0892-1997(23)00282-5. [PMID: 37833111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of aging on vocal function following laryngeal reinnervation combined with arytenoid adduction (AA) in the treatment of paralytic dysphonia. METHODS Sixty-eight patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis who underwent refined nerve-muscle pedicle flap (NMP) implantation and AA were classified into four groups according to age: under 50 years (-50), in their 50s, 60s, and 70 years and older (70+). These groups consisted of 15, 14, 22, and 17 patients, respectively. Their vocal function was followed periodically for 24 months after surgery. RESULTS Vocal function in all groups showed significant improvement after surgery. Significant improvements in vocal function were observed during a 24-month follow-up period: maximum phonation time in the -50 and 50 seconds groups; pitch range and voice handicap index-10 in the -50, 50s, and 60s groups; "Grade" in the -50, 50s, and 70+ groups; and "Breathiness" and voice-related quality of life in all groups. There were no significant differences in vocal function among the four groups, except for pitch range, at the 24-month postoperative assessment. CONCLUSIONS Although the younger groups tended to exhibit better vocal function compared to the older groups 24 months postoperatively, the refined NMP+AA proved effective in the treatment of breathy dysphonia resulting from unilateral vocal fold paralysis, not only in the younger population but also in the older population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Nishimoto
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Eiji Yumoto
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asahino General Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Sanuki
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Narihiro Kodama
- Department of Speech-Language pathology and Audiology, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kaoruko Kuraoka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takumi Miyamoto
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyamaru
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yorihisa Orita
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
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Tsai LYJ, Chan RW, Shen C, Chen Z, Zhuang P, Chiang YN, Tai SK, Xue K. A 4-Week Straw Phonation in Water Exercise Program for Aging-Related Vocal Fold Atrophy. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2023; 66:2581-2599. [PMID: 37459605 DOI: 10.1044/2023_jslhr-23-00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the efficacy of a 4-week straw phonation in water (SPW) exercise program on aging-related vocal fold atrophy (VFA), with a secondary objective to examine the immediate effects of SPW exercises. METHOD Thirty-eight older adults aged 60 years and above formally diagnosed with aging-related VFA were randomly assigned into an experimental group undergoing SPW exercises with an 8-cm depth of straw submersion into water for 4 weeks plus vocal hygiene practice (n = 20), and a control group with only vocal hygiene practice (n = 18). Outcome measures included laryngeal endoscopic measures of glottal gap, auditory-perceptual ratings of voice quality, acoustic measures, aerodynamic measures, and standardized self-assessment questionnaire scores. An additional round of acoustic and aerodynamic assessment following 20 min of SPW exercises was conducted to examine the immediate effects. RESULTS Significant improvements in normalized glottal gap area, perceptual rating of breathiness, smoothed cepstral peak prominence, harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR), mean oral airflow, subglottal pressure and laryngeal airway resistance at comfortable loudness, Voice-related Quality of Life scores, and Chinese Vocal Fatigue Index Factor 3 scores were observed in the experimental group relative to the control group. There were also significant immediate effects for HNR, mean oral airflow, subglottal pressure, and laryngeal airway resistance. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested significant immediate improvements in vocal function following SPW exercises, with additional significant improvements in vocal function as well as significant improvements in quality of life following the 4-week SPW exercise program. Further studies with more long-term follow-up are recommended to better understand the efficacy of SPW exercises with deep levels of straw submersion into water as an effective clinical option for the management of hypofunctional dysphonia associated with aging-related VFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Yueh-Ju Tsai
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Roger W Chan
- Geriatric Care Research Center, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Department of Voice Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Cuiling Shen
- Geriatric Care Research Center, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zusen Chen
- Geriatric Care Research Center, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Peiyun Zhuang
- Department of Voice Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yu-Ning Chiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Kuan Tai
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Keying Xue
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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Mendes N, Antunes J, Guimarães A, Adónis C, Freire F. Severe Pediatric Sleep Apnea: Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy Based Surgery. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 75:54-59. [PMID: 37007894 PMCID: PMC10050509 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-022-03245-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although adenotonsillectomy is the recommended treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children, some patients with preoperative severe OSA (Apnea-hypopnea index/AHI > 10) remain symptomatic after surgery and may need further workup. This study aims to: (1) analyse preoperative factors and its relation with surgical failure/persistent OSA (AHI > 5 after adenotonsillectomy) in severe pediatric OSA; (2) determine the levels of airway collapse during DISE (drug induced sleep endoscopy) in cases of surgical failure; (3) evaluate the efficacy of targeted surgery based on DISE findings. This retrospective study was conducted between August and September 2020. Across 9 years (from 2011 to 2020), all children diagnosed with severe OSA in our Hospital underwent adenotonsillectomy and repeated type 1 polysomnography (PSG) 3 months after surgery. Cases of surgical failure underwent DISE for planning eventual directed surgery. Chi-square test was used to assess the relationship between persistent OSA and preoperative patients' characteristics. 80 cases of severe pediatric OSA were diagnosed (68.8% males; mean age: 4.3 years-standard deviation: 2.49; mean AHI: 16.3-standard deviation 7.14) in the aforementioned period. We found a significant association between surgical failure (11.3% of cases; mean AHI: 6.9-SD 0.91) and obesity (p = 0.002; confidence level of 95%). Neither preoperative AHI nor other PSG parameters were associated with surgical failure. In cases of surgical failure, epiglottis collapse was present in every DISEs and adenoid tissue was present in 66% of children. All cases of surgical failure had directed surgery and surgical cure (AHI ≤ 5) was obtained in 100% of cases. This study suggests that obesity is the strongest predictor of surgical failure in children with severe OSA who undergo adenotonsillectomy. Epiglottis collapse and presence of adenoid tissue are the most common findings in postoperative DISEs of children with persistent OSA after primary surgery. DISE based surgery seems a safe and effective tool to manage persistent OSA after adenotonsillectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Mendes
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Prof Doutor Fernando Fonseca, IC19, 2720-276 Amadora, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joselina Antunes
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Prof Doutor Fernando Fonseca, IC19, 2720-276 Amadora, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Guimarães
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Prof Doutor Fernando Fonseca, IC19, 2720-276 Amadora, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina Adónis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Prof Doutor Fernando Fonseca, IC19, 2720-276 Amadora, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filipe Freire
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Prof Doutor Fernando Fonseca, IC19, 2720-276 Amadora, Lisbon, Portugal
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10
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Santos M, Sousa F, Azevedo S, Casanova M, Freitas SV, E Sousa CA, da Silva ÁM. Presbylarynx: Is it Possible to Predict Glottal Gap by Cut-Off Points in Auto-Assessment Questionnaires? J Voice 2023; 37:268-274. [PMID: 33384247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine cut-off points in auto-assessment questionnaires to predict the presence and extent of presbylarynx signs. METHOD This case control, prospective, observational, and cross-sectional study was carried out on consecutive subjects observed by Otorhinolaryngology, in a tertiary center, in 2020. Each subject underwent fiberoptic videolaryngoscopy with stroboscopy, and presbylarynx was considered when it was identified two or more of the following endoscopic findings: vocal fold bowing, prominence of vocal processes in abduction, and a spindle-shaped glottal gap. Each subject completed three questionnaires: the Voice Handicap Index (VHI), with 30 and 10 questions, and the "Screening for voice disorders in older adults questionnaire" (RAVI). RESULTS The studied population included 174 Caucasian subjects (60 males; 114 females), with a mean age of 73.99 years (standard deviation = 6.37; range 65-95 years). Presbylarynx was identified in 71 patients (41%). Among patients with presbylarynx, a glottal gap was identified in 22 patients (31%). The mean score of VHI-30 between "no presbylarynx" and "presbylarynx" groups was statistically different (P < 0.001), with a higher score for subjects with signs of presbylarynx. The presence of glottal gap was associated to a higher mean score of VHI-30 (41.64 ± 11.87) (P < 0.001). The mean score of VHI-10 between "no presbylarynx" and "presbylarynx" groups was statistically different (P < 0.001), with a higher score for subjects with signs of presbylarynx. Among patients with presbylarynx, the presence of glottal gap was associated to higher mean score of VHI-10 (14.04 ± 3.91) (P < 0.001). There was a strong positive correlation between VHI-30 and VHI-10 (rs = 0.969; P < 0.001). The mean score of RAVI between "no presbylarynx" and "presbylarynx" groups was statistically different (P < 0.001), with a higher score for subjects with signs of presbylarynx. Among patients with presbylarynx, the presence of glottal gap was associated to a higher mean score of RAVI (11.68 ± 1.61) (P < 0.001). There was a strong positive correlation not only between RAVI and VHI-30 (rs = 0.922; P < 0.001), but also between RAVI and VHI-10 (rs = 0.906; P < 0.001). The optimal cut-off points to discriminate "no presbylarynx" from "presbylarynx", obtained by the Youden' index, were 3.5 for RAVI, 4.5 for VHI-30 and 1.5 for VHI-10. RAVI had the highest sensitivity and specificity. The optimal cut-off points to predict glottal gap, obtained by the Youden' index, were 9.5 for RAVI, 21 for VHI-30 and 7.5 for VHI-10. CONCLUSION The optimal cut-off points do discriminate "no presbylarynx" from "presbylarynx" were 3.5 for RAVI, 4.5 for VHI-30 and 1.5 for VHI-10. RAVI had the highest sensitivity and specificity, probably because it was designed specifically for vocal complaints of the elderly. Among patients with presbylarynx, cut-off points of 9.5 for RAVI, 21 for VHI-30 and 7.5 for VHI-10 were determined to predict patients with and without glottal gap. It was found a strong positive correlation between RAVI, VHI-30 and VHI-10. Thus, VHI-10 can be preferred to VHI-30 to assess voice impairment in clinical practice, because for elderly patients it is easier to answer. However, to predict endoscopic signs of presbylarynx, RAVI should be preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariline Santos
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
| | - Francisco Sousa
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Azevedo
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Casanova
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana Vaz Freitas
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde - Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; LIAAD - Laboratório de Inteligência Artificial e Apoio à Decisão - INESCTEC, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cecília Almeida E Sousa
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Álvaro Moreira da Silva
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal
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11
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Albuquerque L, Oliveira C, Teixeira A, Sa-Couto P, Figueiredo D. A Comprehensive Analysis of Age and Gender Effects in European Portuguese Oral Vowels. J Voice 2023; 37:143.e13-143.e29. [PMID: 33293174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge about the age effects in speech acoustics is still disperse and incomplete. This study extends the analyses of the effects of age and gender on acoustics of European Portuguese (EP) oral vowels, in order to complement initial studies with limited sets of acoustic parameters, and to further investigate unclear or inconsistent results. A database of EP vowels produced by a group of 113 adults, aged between 35 and 97, was used. Duration, fundamental frequency (f0), formant frequencies (F1 to F3), and a selection of vowel space metrics (F1 and F2 range ratios, vowel articulation index [VAI] and formant centralization ratio [FCR]) were analyzed. To avoid the arguable division into age groups, the analyses considered age as a continuous variable. The most relevant age-related results included: vowel duration increase in both genders; a general tendency to formant frequencies decrease for females; changes that were consistent with vowel centralization for males, confirmed by the vowel space acoustic indexes; and no evidence of F3 decrease with age, in both genders. This study has contributed to knowledge on aging speech, providing new information for an additional language. The results corroborated that acoustic characteristics of speech change with age and present different patterns between genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Albuquerque
- Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Center for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Electronics Telecommunications and Informatics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Oliveira
- Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; School of Health Science, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - António Teixeira
- Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Electronics Telecommunications and Informatics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Sa-Couto
- Center for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Mathematics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Daniela Figueiredo
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; School of Health Science, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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12
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Mahon E, Lachman ME. Voice biomarkers as indicators of cognitive changes in middle and later adulthood. Neurobiol Aging 2022; 119:22-35. [PMID: 35964541 PMCID: PMC9487188 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Voice prosody measures have been linked with Alzheimer's disease (AD), but it is unclear whether they are associated with normal cognitive aging. We assessed relationships between voice measures and 10-year cognitive changes in the MIDUS national sample of middle-aged and older adults ages 42-92, with a mean age of 64.09 (standard deviation = 11.23) at the second wave. Seven cognitive tests were assessed in 2003-2004 (Wave 2) and 2013-2014 (Wave 3). Voice measures were collected at Wave 3 (N = 2585) from audio recordings of the cognitive interviews. Analyses controlled for age, education, depressive symptoms, and health. As predicted, higher jitter was associated with greater declines in episodic memory, verbal fluency, and attention switching. Lower pulse was related to greater decline in episodic memory, and fewer voice breaks were related to greater declines in episodic memory and verbal fluency, although the direction of these effects was contrary to hypotheses. Findings suggest that voice biomarkers may offer a promising approach for early detection of risk factors for cognitive impairment or AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Mahon
- Brandeis University, Department of Psychology, Waltham, MA, USA.
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13
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Svistushkin MV, Kotova S, Shpichka A, Starostina S, Shekhter A, Bikmulina P, Nikiforova A, Zolotova A, Royuk V, Kochetkov PA, Timashev S, Fomin V, Vosough M, Svistushkin V, Timashev P. Stem cell therapy for vocal fold regeneration after scarring: a review of experimental approaches. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:176. [PMID: 35505357 PMCID: PMC9066721 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02853-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aims at becoming a guide which will help to plan the experimental design and to choose adequate methods to assess the outcomes when testing cell-based products in the treatment of the damaged vocal folds. The requirements to preclinical trials of cell-based products remain rather hazy and dictated by the country regulations. Most parameters like the way the cells are administered, selection of the cell source, selection of a carrier, and design of in vivo studies are decided upon by each research team and may differ essentially between studies. The review covers the methodological aspects of preclinical studies such as experimental models, characterization of cell products, assessment of the study outcome using molecular, morphological and immunohistochemical analyses, as well as measuring the tissue physical properties. The unified recommendations to perform preclinical trials could significantly facilitate the translation of cell-based products into the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V Svistushkin
- Department for ENT Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana Kotova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Polymers and Composites, N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Shpichka
- World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia. .,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia. .,Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
| | | | - Anatoliy Shekhter
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina Bikmulina
- World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Nikiforova
- Department for ENT Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Zolotova
- Department for ENT Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Valery Royuk
- University Hospital No 1, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - P A Kochetkov
- Department for ENT Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Serge Timashev
- National Research Nuclear University «MEPhI», Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Fomin
- Department of Internal Medicine No 1, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Peter Timashev
- World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia. .,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia. .,Department of Polymers and Composites, N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. .,Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
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14
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Song JS, Campbell R, Lin RJ, Jeffery CC. Laryngoscopic Findings of Age-related Vocal Fold Atrophy are Reliable but not Specific. Clin Otolaryngol 2022; 47:516-520. [PMID: 35397140 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the reliability of laryngoscopic features of vocal fold atrophy as assessed by novice otolaryngology trainees and expert laryngologists. DESIGN Two expert fellowship-trained laryngologists and three non-expert otolaryngology resident trainees were recruited to view 50 anonymized laryngo-stroboscopic examinations of patients presenting with dysphonia and non-voice, laryngeal complaints. Reviewers were asked to stratify the patient's age, provide an opinion about the presence of age-related vocal fold atrophy, and specify which laryngoscopy features were present to make the diagnosis. SETTING Tertiary care laryngology practice. PARTICIPANTS Two fellowship-trained laryngologists and three trainee otolaryngologists. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Accuracy of age categorization was determined and Kappa analysis was performed to assess inter-rater agreement. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 54.9 years old with near equal male to female distribution. The overall accuracy of age category determination by raters was only 30.8%. Kappa analysis demonstrated fair agreement regarding the presence of vocal fold atrophy in non-expert reviewers, and moderate agreement amongst expert reviewers. Features of glottic gap, muscular atrophy of vocal folds, and prominent vocal processes were all identified with high agreement (>80.0%). CONCLUSION Our study illustrates that while raters can agree on the presence of age-related vocal fold atrophy, the findings may be non-specific and do not necessarily correlate with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Soo Song
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, CANADA
| | - Ross Campbell
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CANADA
| | - R Jun Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Laryngology, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, CANADA
| | - Caroline C Jeffery
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, CANADA.,Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, CANADA
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15
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Hu HC, Chang SY, Wang CH, Li KJ, Cho HY, Chen YT, Lu CJ, Tsai TP, Lee OKS. Deep Learning Application for Vocal Fold Disease Prediction Through Voice Recognition: Preliminary Development Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e25247. [PMID: 34100770 PMCID: PMC8241431 DOI: 10.2196/25247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dysphonia influences the quality of life by interfering with communication. However, a laryngoscopic examination is expensive and not readily accessible in primary care units. Experienced laryngologists are required to achieve an accurate diagnosis. Objective This study sought to detect various vocal fold diseases through pathological voice recognition using artificial intelligence. Methods We collected 189 normal voice samples and 552 samples of individuals with voice disorders, including vocal atrophy (n=224), unilateral vocal paralysis (n=50), organic vocal fold lesions (n=248), and adductor spasmodic dysphonia (n=30). The 741 samples were divided into 2 sets: 593 samples as the training set and 148 samples as the testing set. A convolutional neural network approach was applied to train the model, and findings were compared with those of human specialists. Results The convolutional neural network model achieved a sensitivity of 0.66, a specificity of 0.91, and an overall accuracy of 66.9% for distinguishing normal voice, vocal atrophy, unilateral vocal paralysis, organic vocal fold lesions, and adductor spasmodic dysphonia. Compared with the accuracy of human specialists, the overall accuracy rates were 60.1% and 56.1% for the 2 laryngologists and 51.4% and 43.2% for the 2 general ear, nose, and throat doctors. Conclusions Voice alone could be used for common vocal fold disease recognition through a deep learning approach after training with our Mandarin pathological voice database. This approach involving artificial intelligence could be clinically useful for screening general vocal fold disease using the voice. The approach includes a quick survey and a general health examination. It can be applied during telemedicine in areas with primary care units lacking laryngoscopic abilities. It could support physicians when prescreening cases by allowing for invasive examinations to be performed only for cases involving problems with automatic recognition or listening and for professional analyses of other clinical examination results that reveal doubts about the presence of pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Chun Hu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shyue-Yih Chang
- Voice Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Heng Wang
- Muen Biomedical and Optoelectronic Technologist Inc, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Jun Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yun Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Muen Biomedical and Optoelectronic Technologist Inc, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Jung Lu
- Voice Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Pei Tsai
- Voice Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Oscar Kuang-Sheng Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Stem Cell Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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16
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Kelly Z, Patel AK, Klein AM. Evaluating Safety of Awake, Bilateral Injection Laryngoplasty for Bilateral Vocal Fold Atrophy. J Voice 2020; 35:789-792. [PMID: 32156451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Office-based injection laryngoplasty (IL) has emerged as a useful procedure for otolaryngologists to correct glottic insufficiency while avoiding the costs and risks of general anesthesia. This is the first study focused on addressing the safety of bilateral IL for bilateral vocal fold (VF) atrophy. METHODS Patient records were reviewed from Emory University Hospital Midtown during the period of 2005 to 2017. Patients who underwent awake, bilateral transthyrohyoid, transoral, transcricothyroid, or transthyroid cartilage IL for bilateral VF atrophy were analyzed. All procedures, including repeat injections, were bilateral. Complication rate was used to evaluate safety. Patients with vocal cord paralysis, paresis, scar, and sulcus were excluded from the study. RESULTS Total 174 procedures met inclusion criteria. There were four complications, yielding a complication rate of 2.3%. Complications included aborted cases for difficult anatomy or poor patient tolerance, injection material not resorbing, and a VF hematoma. No patients had any airway emergencies or required admission to the hospital or evaluation in the emergency room. CONCLUSIONS This study illustrates a low complication rate for awake, bilateral IL in treating bilateral VF atrophy. This supports other studies that promote the safety of this procedure in the awake setting. Complications were associated with patient tolerance, unique anatomy, and in one case, anticoagulant medication. The low complication rate supports the conclusion that bilateral medialization IL is safe to perform in the office-based, awake setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Kelly
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Anju K Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Emory Voice Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Adam M Klein
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Emory Voice Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
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17
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Cameron BH, Zhang Z, Chhetri DK. Effects of thyroplasty implant stiffness on glottal shape and voice acoustics. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2020; 5:82-89. [PMID: 32128434 PMCID: PMC7042641 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vocal fold (VF) stiffness and geometry are determinant variables in voice production. Type 1 medialization thyroplasty (MT), the primary surgical treatment for glottic insufficiency, changes both of these variables. Understanding the cause and effect relationship between these variables and acoustic output might improve voice outcomes after MT. In this study, the effects of thyroplasty implants with variable stiffness on glottal shape and acoustics were investigated. METHODS In an ex vivo human larynx phonation model, bilateral MT with implants of four stiffness levels (1386, 21.6, 9.3, and 5.5 kPa) were performed. Resulting acoustics and aerodynamics were measured across multiple airflow levels. A vertical partial hemilaryngectomy was performed and stereoscopic images of the VF medial surface taken to reconstruct its three-dimensional (3D) surface contour. The results were compared across implants. RESULTS The effects of implant stiffness on acoustics varied by airflow. Softer implants resulted in improved acoustics, as measured by cepstral peak prominence (CPP), at lower airflow levels compared to stiffer implants but this relationship reversed at high airflow levels. Stiffer implants generally required less airflow to generate a given subglottal pressure. Stiffer implants resulted in greater medialized surface area and maximal medialization, but all implants had similar effects on overall VF medial surface contour. CONCLUSION Softer implants result in less medialization but better acoustics at low airflow rates. Stiffer implants provide better acoustics and more stable pressure-flow relationships at higher airflow rates. This highlights a potential role for patient-specific customized thyroplasty implants of various stiffness levels. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhaoyan Zhang
- UCLA Department Head and Neck SurgeryLos Angeles, California
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18
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Samlan RA, Black MA, Abidov M, Mohler J, Fain M. Frailty Syndrome, Cognition, and Dysphonia in the Elderly. J Voice 2020; 34:160.e15-160.e23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Galluzzi F, Garavello W. The aging voice: a systematic review of presbyphonia. Eur Geriatr Med 2018; 9:559-570. [DOI: 10.1007/s41999-018-0095-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Guzman M, Saldivar P, Pérez R, Muñoz D. Aerodynamic, Electroglottographic, and Acoustic Outcomes after Tube Phonation in Water in Elderly Subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop 2018; 70:149-155. [DOI: 10.1159/000492326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Samlan RA, Kunduk M, Ikuma T, Black M, Lane C. Vocal Fold Vibration in Older Adults With and Without Age-Related Dysphonia. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2018; 27:1039-1050. [PMID: 29931255 DOI: 10.1044/2018_ajslp-17-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify the extent to which 7 measures of glottal area timing and regularity differ between older adults with and without age-related dysphonia (ARD). METHOD Laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy was completed at 4,000 frames per second for 42 adults aged 70 years and older (ARD: 9 female, 5 male; control group: 15 female, 13 male). Relative glottal gap, open quotient, speed index, maximum area declination rate, harmonics-to-noise ratio, harmonic richness factor, and standard deviation of fundamental frequency were measured from a 0.5-s segment of the glottal area waveform. Eta squared (η2) was computed to estimate group effect. RESULTS Small effect sizes (η2 = .18-.35) were present for relative glottal gap, open quotient, maximum area declination rate, harmonic richness factor, and standard deviation of fundamental frequency. Speed index and glottal harmonics-to-noise ratio did not explain group membership (η2 = .001 and .05, respectively). CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence that vocal fold vibration in ARD is different than in normal aging, whereas the overlap in values for every measure is consistent with the concept that normal aging and ARD exist as a continuum of health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin A Samlan
- Department of Speech, Language, & Hearing Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Melda Kunduk
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
| | - Takeshi Ikuma
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans
| | - Mindy Black
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Christianne Lane
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
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22
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Effects of Aging on Vocal Fundamental Frequency and Vowel Formants in Men and Women. J Voice 2017; 32:644.e1-644.e9. [PMID: 28864082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study reports data on vocal fundamental frequency (fo) and the first four formant frequencies (F1, F2, F3, F4) for four vowels produced by speakers in three adult age cohorts, in a test of the null hypothesis that there are no age-related changes in these variables. Participants were 43 men and 53 women between the ages of 20 and 92 years. RESULTS The most consistent age-related effect was a decrease in fo for women. Significant differences in F1, F2, and F3 were vowel-specific for both sexes. No significant differences were observed for the highest formant F4. CONCLUSIONS Women experience a significant decrease in fo, which is likely related to menopause. Formant frequencies of the corner vowels change little across several decades of adult life, either because physiological aging has small effects on these variables or because individuals compensate for age-related changes in anatomy and physiology.
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23
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Bowen AJ, Huang TL, Benninger MS, Bryson PC. Medialization Laryngoplasty in the Elderly: Outcomes and Expectations. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017; 157:664-669. [DOI: 10.1177/0194599817718783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective To describe the profile and outcomes of elderly patients undergoing medialization laryngoplasty for vocal cord paralysis. Study Design Case series with retrospective review. Setting Tertiary care hospital. Subjects and Methods Patients were included in the study if they were >65 years old at the time of medialization laryngoplasty between 2008 and 2015. Patient comorbidities, anticoagulation status, disease etiology, and physical examination findings were recorded with postoperative length of stay, complications, pre- and posttreatment voice outcomes with the Voice Handicap Index (at 6 weeks, 4 months, 8 months, and 1 year), and postprocedural interventions (revision injections, surgery, therapy). Results A total of 112 patients met the eligibility criteria. Iatrogenic injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (50%) was the most common etiology, followed by idiopathic (31%) causes. Sixty percent of patients were receiving long-term antiplatelet and/or anticoagulation therapy. All but 14 patients on aspirin therapy stopped their antiplatelet/anticoagulation therapy prior to surgery. Most patients were discharged on the day of surgery. Postprocedure Voice Handicap Index scores significantly improved ( P < .001) by 47%, 53%, 64%, and 57% at each of the 4 measured postprocedure dates, respectively. Two patients had major nonsurgical complications postoperatively requiring inpatient hospitalization. Chi-square analysis revealed no differences between intraoperative aspirin use, sex, or comorbidities and the incidence of complications ( P > .05). Conclusion The clinical profile and outcomes of our patients undergoing medialization laryngoplasty are comparable to those seen in younger cohorts. Medialization laryngoplasty is a safe and successful option for elderly patients with vocal cord paralysis and vocal handicap.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul C. Bryson
- Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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24
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Reversing Age Related Changes of the Laryngeal Muscles by Chronic Electrostimulation of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167367. [PMID: 27893858 PMCID: PMC5125708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Age related atrophy of the laryngeal muscles -mainly the thyroarytenoid muscle (TAM)- leads to a glottal gap and consequently to a hoarse and dysphonic voice that significantly affects quality of life. The aim of our study was to reverse this atrophy by inducing muscular hypertrophy by unilateral functional electrical stimulation (FES) of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in a large animal model using aged sheep (n = 5). Suitable stimulation parameters were determined by fatiguing experiments of the thyroarytenoid muscle in an acute trial. For the chronic trial an electrode was placed around the right RLN and stimulation was delivered once daily for 29 days. We chose a very conservative stimulation pattern, total stimulation time was two minutes per day, or 0.14% of total time. Overall, the mean muscle fiber diameter of the stimulated right TAM was significantly larger than the non-stimulated left TAM (30μm±1.1μm vs. 28μm±1.1 μm, p<0.001). There was no significant shift in fiber type distribution as judged by immunohistochemistry. The changes of fiber diameter could not be observed in the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (PCAM). FES is a possible new treatment option for reversing the effects of age related laryngeal muscle atrophy.
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25
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Aerodynamic Outcomes of Four Common Voice Disorders: Moving Toward Disorder-Specific Assessment. J Voice 2016; 30:301-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Roy N, Kim J, Courey M, Cohen SM. Voice disorders in the elderly: A national database study. Laryngoscope 2015; 126:421-8. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.25511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Roy
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, and Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery; The University of Utah; Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jaewhan Kim
- Division of Public Health & Study Design and Biostatistics Center; Duke University Medical Center; Durham North Carolina
| | - Mark Courey
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery; University of California-San Francisco; San Francisco California U.S.A. The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Seth M. Cohen
- Duke Voice Care Center, Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery
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de Araújo Pernambuco L, Espelt A, Balata PMM, de Lima KC. Prevalence of voice disorders in the elderly: a systematic review of population-based studies. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 272:2601-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-014-3252-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Lu FL, Presley S, Lammers B. Efficacy of intensive phonatory-respiratory treatment (LSVT) for presbyphonia: two case reports. J Voice 2013; 27:786.e11-23. [PMID: 24119640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Research evidence has shown that neither traditional voice therapy nor surgery was efficacious in managing age-related dysphonia, specifically for more severe cases with pronounced fold atrophy or larger glottal gaps. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of intensive respiratory-phonatory treatment (Lee Silverman voice treatment [LSVT]) for glottal incompetence associated with presbyphonia. STUDY DESIGN Nonrandomized prospective study. METHODS Two subjects with age-related vocal fold bowing received 4 weeks of the LSVT. Strobolaryngoscopic examination, phonatory function measurement, acoustical analyses, and perceptual judgments of voice were obtained at baseline and 2 weeks posttreatment. Additional acoustic measures of phonatory function, including vocal intensity, maximum phonation time, and pitch range, were also obtained during 16 treatment sessions. RESULTS Both subjects exhibited significant improvements in glottal closure, phonatory function, acoustic features, and perceptual ratings of voice after treatment. Significant changes of phonatory function measures were noticed relatively early and remained steady throughout the course of treatment. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide solid evidence that speakers with age-related vocal fold bowing and dysphonia may improve glottal competence and related vocal function with neither laryngeal trauma nor maladaptive laryngeal hyperfunction after the LSVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ling Lu
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas.
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Utility of the pediatric sleep questionnaire and pulse oximetry as screening tools in pediatric patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. SLEEP DISORDERS 2012; 2012:819035. [PMID: 23471006 PMCID: PMC3581268 DOI: 10.1155/2012/819035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To assess the screening tools in snoring patients. Material and Methods. A retrospective review of data was conducted from children between 2 and 15 years old who were referred on suspicion of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea (OSAH) between June 2008 and June 2011. We excluded patients with significant comorbidities. Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ), physical exam (PE), and pulse-oximetry data were collected and correlated with the results of the nightly polygraph at home. Results. We selected 98 patients. The 22-item version of the PSQ had sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 36.8%. The overall value of the clinic predictor of OSAH (PSQ and PE together) exhibited an increased specificity 57.6% with 94.6% of sensitivity. The nocturnal home oximetry method used alone was very specific, 92.1%, but had a lower sensitivity, 77.1%. The set of clinical assessment tools used together with pulse-oximetry screening provided excellent specificity 98.1% and a positive predictive value 94.1% globally. The performance of this screening tool is related with the severity of OSAH and accuracy is better in moderate and severe cases. Conclusion. The combination of clinical assessment and pulse-oximetry screening can provide a sufficient diagnostic approach for pediatric patients with suspected OSAH at least in moderate and severe cases.
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The Effect of Vocal Function Exercises on the Voices of Aging Community Choral Singers. J Voice 2012; 26:672.e19-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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