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Wei L, He P, Tan Z, Lin C, Wei Z. Comprehensively analysis of IL33 in hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis, immune microenvironment and biological role. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18468. [PMID: 38923705 PMCID: PMC11196832 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
IL33 plays an important role in cancer. However, the role of liver cancer remains unclear. Open-accessed data was obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas, Xena, and TISCH databases. Different algorithms and R packages are used to perform various analyses. Here, in our comprehensive study on IL33 in HCC, we observed its differential expression across cancers, implicating its role in cancer development. The single-cell analysis highlighted its primary expression in endothelial cells, unveiling correlations within the HCC microenvironment. Also, the expression level of IL33 was correlated with patients survival, emphasizing its potential prognostic value. Biological enrichment analyses revealed associations with stem cell division, angiogenesis, and inflammatory response. IL33's impact on the immune microenvironment showcased correlations with diverse immune cells. Genomic features and drug sensitivity analyses provided insights into IL33's broader implications. In a pan-cancer context, IL33 emerged as a potential tumour-inhibitor, influencing immune-related molecules. This study significantly advances our understanding of IL33 in cancer biology. IL33 exhibited differential expression across cancers, particularly in endothelial cells within the HCC microenvironment. IL33 is correlated with the survival of HCC patients, indicating potential prognostic value and highlighting its broader implications in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Wei
- Health Management CenterThe Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesGuangxiChina
| | - Ping He
- School of Laboratory MedicineYoujiang Medical University for NationalitiesGuangxiChina
| | - Zhongqiu Tan
- Department of OncologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxiChina
| | - Cheng Lin
- Department of OncologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxiChina
| | - Zhongheng Wei
- Department of OncologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxiChina
- Guangxi Clinical Medical Research Center for Hepatobiliary DiseasesThe Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseChina
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Lv Y, Tian W, Teng Y, Wang P, Zhao Y, Li Z, Tang S, Chen W, Xie R, Lü M, Zhuang Y. Tumor-infiltrating mast cells stimulate ICOS + regulatory T cells through an IL-33 and IL-2 axis to promote gastric cancer progression. J Adv Res 2024; 57:149-162. [PMID: 37086778 PMCID: PMC10918354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In solid tumors, regulatory T cell (Treg) and mast cell perform different roles depending on the microenvironment. Nevertheless, mast cell and Treg-mediated interactions in gastric cancer (GC) are unclear, as are their regulation, function, and clinical significance. OBJECTIVE The present study demonstrated the mechanism of tumor-infiltrating mast cells stimulating ICOS+ regulatory T cells via the IL-33/IL-2 axis to promote the growth of gastric cancer. METHODS Analyses of 98 patients with GC were conducted to examine mast cell counts, ICOS+ Tregs, and the levels of IL-33 or IL-2. Isolated ICOS+ Treg and CD8+ T cell were stimulated, cultured and tested for their functional abilities in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS GC patients exhibited a significantly more production of IL-33 in tumors. Mast cell stimulated by tumor-derived IL-33 exhibited a prolonged lifespan through IL-33 mediated inhibition of apoptosis. Moreover, mast cells stimulated by tumor-derived IL-33 secreted IL-2, which induced Treg expansion. These inducible Tregs displayed an activated immunosuppressive phenotype with positive expression for the inducible T cell co-stimulator (ICOS). In vitro, IL-2 from IL to 33-stimulated mast cells induced increased numbers of ICOS+ Tregs with increased immunosuppressive activity against proliferation and effector function of CD8+ T cell. In vivo, ICOS+ Tregs were treated with anti-IL-2 neutralizing antibody followed by co-injection with CD8+ T cells in GC mouse model, which showed an increased CD8+ T cell infiltration and effector molecules production, meanwhile tumor growth and progression were inhibited. Besides, reduction in GC patient survival was associated with tumor-derived ICOS+ Tregs. CONCLUSION Our results highlight a crosstalk between GC-infiltrating mast cells and ICOS+ Tregs and provide a novel mechanism describing ICOS+ Treg expansion and induction by an IL-33/mast cell/IL-2 signaling axis in GC, and also provide functional evidence that the modulation of this immunosuppressive pathway can attenuate GC-mediated immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipin Lv
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Wenqing Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongsheng Teng
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pan Wang
- The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Zhao
- Department of General Surgery and Centre of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengyan Li
- Department of General Surgery and Centre of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shanhong Tang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weisan Chen
- La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rui Xie
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
| | - Muhan Lü
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China; Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China; National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Albuquerque RB, Borba MASM, Fernandes MSS, Filgueira TO, Martins DBG, Filho JLL, Castoldi A, Souto FO. Interleukin-33 Expression on Treatment Outcomes and Prognosis in Brazilian Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16326. [PMID: 38003516 PMCID: PMC10671081 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a member of the interleukin-1(IL-1) family of cytokines, remains poorly understood in the context of human breast cancer and its impact on treatment outcomes. This study aimed to elucidate IL-33 expression patterns within tumor samples from a cohort of Brazilian female breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy while exploring its correlation with clinicopathological markers. In total, 68 samples were meticulously evaluated, with IL-33 expression quantified through a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The findings revealed a substantial upregulation of IL-33 expression in breast cancer patient samples, specifically within the Triple-negative and Luminal A and B subtypes, when compared to controls (healthy breast tissues). Notably, the Luminal B subtype displayed a marked elevation in IL-33 expression relative to the Luminal A subtype (p < 0.05). Moreover, a progressive surge in IL-33 expression was discerned among Luminal subtype patients with TNM 4 staging criteria, further underscoring its significance (p < 0.005). Furthermore, chemotherapy-naïve patients of Luminal A and B subtypes exhibited heightened IL-33 expression (p < 0.05). Collectively, our findings propose that chemotherapy could potentially mitigate tumor aggressiveness by suppressing IL-33 expression in breast cancer, thus warranting consideration as a prognostic marker for gauging chemotherapy response and predicting disease progression in Luminal subtype patients. This study not only sheds light on the intricate roles of IL-33 in breast cancer but also offers valuable insights for future IL-33-related research endeavors within this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata B. Albuquerque
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (M.A.S.M.B.); (T.O.F.); (D.B.G.M.); (J.L.L.F.); (A.C.)
- Postgraduate Program in Biology Applied to Health, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil
| | - Maria Amélia S. M. Borba
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (M.A.S.M.B.); (T.O.F.); (D.B.G.M.); (J.L.L.F.); (A.C.)
| | - Matheus S. S. Fernandes
- Postgraduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil;
| | - Tayrine O. Filgueira
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (M.A.S.M.B.); (T.O.F.); (D.B.G.M.); (J.L.L.F.); (A.C.)
- Postgraduate Program in Biology Applied to Health, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil
| | - Danyelly Bruneska G. Martins
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (M.A.S.M.B.); (T.O.F.); (D.B.G.M.); (J.L.L.F.); (A.C.)
- Postgraduate Program in Biology Applied to Health, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil
| | - José Luiz L. Filho
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (M.A.S.M.B.); (T.O.F.); (D.B.G.M.); (J.L.L.F.); (A.C.)
- Postgraduate Program in Biology Applied to Health, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil
| | - Angela Castoldi
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (M.A.S.M.B.); (T.O.F.); (D.B.G.M.); (J.L.L.F.); (A.C.)
- Postgraduate Program in Biology Applied to Health, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil
- Life Sciences Nucleus, Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Rodovia BR-104, Km 59, s/n, Caruaru 55002-970, PE, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Oliveira Souto
- Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil; (M.A.S.M.B.); (T.O.F.); (D.B.G.M.); (J.L.L.F.); (A.C.)
- Postgraduate Program in Biology Applied to Health, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil
- Life Sciences Nucleus, Academic Center, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Rodovia BR-104, Km 59, s/n, Caruaru 55002-970, PE, Brazil
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Wang Z, Tang N. Unpacking the complexity of nuclear IL-33 (nIL-33): a crucial regulator of transcription and signal transduction. J Cell Commun Signal 2023:10.1007/s12079-023-00788-1. [PMID: 37878185 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00788-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) (NF-HEV), a chromatin-associated nuclear cytokine, is a member of the IL-1 family. IL-33 possesses a nuclear localization signal and a homeodomain (a structure resembling a helix-turn-helix) that can bind to nuclear chromatin. Research has revealed that IL-33 can function as a nuclear factor to regulate various biological processes. This review discusses the cellular localization, functional effects, and immune regulation of full length IL-33 (FLIL-33), cytokine IL-33 (sIL-33) and nuclear IL-33 (nIL-33). In addition, the post-translational modifications of nIL-33 and the hypothesis of using nIL-33 as a treatment method were also summarized. A multidisciplinary approach is required which integrates methods and techniques from genomics, proteomics, cell biology and immunology to provide comprehensive insights into the function and therapeutic potential of nIL-33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengbin Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Nanhong Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
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Gao F, Feng Y, Hu X, Zhang X, Li T, Wang Y, Ge S, Wang C, Chi J, Tan X, Wang N. Neutrophils regulate tumor angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma and the role of Chemerin. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110540. [PMID: 37354780 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumor of the oral cavity. Tumor angiogenesis plays a crucial role in tumor progression. Studies have established the correlation between neutrophils and tumor angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment. A previous study found that overexpression of Chemerin- in OSCC increased the infiltration of neutrophils in tumor tissues. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms underlying the regulation of the development and progression of OSCC, which have great significance in enhancing the postoperative survival of patients with OSCC. This study evaluated the accuracy of neutrophil count combined with MVD in predicting patients' survival time and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis. Additionally, the study explored the effects of the Chemerin-neutrophil interaction on the angiogenic function of HUVECs. In OSCC, the overexpression of Chemerin promoted the angiogenesis of HUVECs through neutrophils. Moreover, Chemerin upregulated pro-angiogenic factors (e.g., VEGF-A, MMP-9, MMP-2, and S100A9) in neutrophils by activating MEK/ERK signaling pathway. In vivo experiments demonstrated that Chemerin may promote tumor growth by regulating tumor angiogenesis. In conclusion, the results suggest that neutrophil count and MVD serve as poor prognostic factors for patients with OSCC, and their combination is a more effective factor in predicting the survival time of OSCC patients. Neutrophils potentially contribute to angiogenesis through MEK/ERK signaling pathway via Chemerin and participate in the progression and metastasis of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Gao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao city, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuanyong Feng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao city, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Hu
- Biological Therapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunzhou Road No. 519, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao city, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tongtong Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao city, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yueqi Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao city, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shengyou Ge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao city, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chengqin Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao city, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jinghua Chi
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao city, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaohua Tan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao city, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao city, Shandong Province, China.
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Pan X, Liu J, Li M, Liang Y, Liu Z, Lao M, Fang M. The association of serum IL-33/ST2 expression with hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:704. [PMID: 37507682 PMCID: PMC10375617 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11179-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-33 is a multifunctional cytokine with dual functions. However, the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of IL-33 in cancer patients, especially in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted a study of 565 patients with HCC and 561 healthy controls and performed a meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the above problems. METHODS We collected blood from 565 patients with HCC and 561 healthy controls. ELISA was used to detect the concentrations of IL-33 and ST2 in the serum, and RT‒PCR was used to detect the levels of IL-33 and ST2 mRNA. Meanwhile, we collected comprehensive literature on IL-33 and the clinical characteristics of cancer patients retrieved from the PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI databases as of December 2022. An odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to estimate the impact through overall and stratified analyses. RESULTS Compared with the healthy control group, the levels of ST2 mRNA and serum in the peripheral blood of HCC patients increased (p < 0.05), while the levels of IL-33 mRNA and serum showed no significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). In the meta-analysis section, at the tissue level, the overall analysis showed that the expression of IL-33 was positively correlated with tumor stage, histological grade, distant metastasis, and tumor size. Compared with patients with low IL-33 expression, the 3-year overall survival (OS) rate (OR = 3.467, p < 0.001) and 5-year OS rate (OR = 2.784, p < 0.001) of patients with high IL-33 expression were lower. At the serum expression level, the overall analysis showed that the expression of IL-33 increased the risk of cancer, and the serum level of IL-33 was positively correlated with tumor stage and vascular invasion. CONCLUSION IL-33/ST2 is a useful predictive or prognostic biomarker in clinical evaluation and may be used as a potential therapeutic target, but much research is needed to verify this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinfeng Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Meiqin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yihua Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhimin Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Ming Lao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Min Fang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Akimoto M, Susa T, Okudaira N, Koshikawa N, Hisaki H, Iizuka M, Okinaga H, Takenaga K, Okazaki T, Tamamori-Adachi M. Hypoxia induces downregulation of the tumor-suppressive sST2 in colorectal cancer cells via the HIF-nuclear IL-33-GATA3 pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2218033120. [PMID: 37094129 PMCID: PMC10160999 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2218033120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
As a decoy receptor, soluble ST2 (sST2) interferes with the function of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-33. Decreased sST2 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells promotes tumor growth via IL-33-mediated bioprocesses in the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we discovered that hypoxia reduced sST2 expression in CRC cells and explored the associated molecular mechanisms, including the expression of key regulators of ST2 gene transcription in hypoxic CRC cells. In addition, the effect of the recovery of sST2 expression in hypoxic tumor regions on malignant progression was investigated using mouse CRC cells engineered to express sST2 in response to hypoxia. Our results indicated that hypoxia-dependent increases in nuclear IL-33 interfered with the transactivation activity of GATA3 for ST2 gene transcription. Most importantly, hypoxia-responsive sST2 restoration in hypoxic tumor regions corrected the inflammatory microenvironment and suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis. These results indicate that strategies targeting sST2 in hypoxic tumor regions could be effective for treating malignant CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Akimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
| | - Takao Susa
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Okudaira
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
| | - Nobuko Koshikawa
- Department of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Nitona, Chuoh-ku, Chiba260-8717, Japan
| | - Harumi Hisaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Iizuka
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
- Medical Education Center, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
| | - Hiroko Okinaga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
| | - Keizo Takenaga
- Department of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Nitona, Chuoh-ku, Chiba260-8717, Japan
| | - Tomoki Okazaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
| | - Mimi Tamamori-Adachi
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo173-8605, Japan
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Liu X, Li Z, Ren J, Cui G. IL-33-expressing microvascular endothelial cells in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Implications for pathological features and prognosis. Microvasc Res 2023; 147:104506. [PMID: 36792028 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that interleukin (IL)-33 plays a critical role in regulating angiogenesis and cancer progression. In this study, we characterized the pathological importance of IL-33 deployed by tumor microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The expression of IL-33 in microvascular ECs in 80 cases of ESCC was examined with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and double immunofluorescence. IHC results showed that strong IL-33-immunoreactivity (IR) in microvessels, which were confirmed to be ECs by double immunofluorescence staining with IL-33/CD31 antibodies. Moreover, high proliferative activity was shown in IL-33-positive ECs, and the IL-33 functional receptor ST2 was expressed in microvascular ECs. Clinicopathological analysis revealed that IL-33-positive microvessel density (MVD) was positively correlated with node involvement in patients with ESCC. A log rank test showed a highly significant inverse correlation between the densities of IL-33-positive MVDs and overall survival rate, and patients with higher IL-33-positive MVDs tended to have a lower survival rate (both p < 0.05). Therefore, we concluded that IL-33 deployed by microvascular ECs correlates with advanced pathological features and the long-term survival rate, which provides new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of tumor angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment and might serve as a promising target in patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhenfeng Li
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jingli Ren
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guanglin Cui
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Faculty of Health Science, Nord University, Campus Levanger, Norway.
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Yeoh WJ, Vu VP, Krebs P. IL-33 biology in cancer: An update and future perspectives. Cytokine 2022; 157:155961. [PMID: 35843125 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the IL-1 family of cytokines that is constitutively expressed in the nucleus of epithelial, endothelial and fibroblast-like cells. Upon cell stress, damage or necrosis, IL-33 is released into the cytoplasm to exert its prime role as an alarmin by binding to its specific receptor moiety, ST2. IL-33 exhibits pleiotropic function in inflammatory diseases and particularly in cancer. IL-33 may play a dual role as both a pro-tumorigenic and anti-tumorigenic cytokine, dependent on tumor and cellular context, expression levels, bioactivity and the nature of the inflammatory environment. In this review, we discuss the differential contribution of IL-33 to malignant or inflammatory conditions, its multifaceted effects on the tumor microenvironment, while providing possible explanations for the discrepant findings described in the literature. Additionally, we examine the emerging and divergent functions of IL-33 in the nucleus, and aspects of IL-33 biology that are currently under-addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jie Yeoh
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vivian P Vu
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Krebs
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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10
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IL-33 promotes gastric tumour growth in concert with activation and recruitment of inflammatory myeloid cells. Oncotarget 2022; 13:785-799. [PMID: 35677533 PMCID: PMC9159270 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is an IL-1 family cytokine known to promote T-helper (Th) type 2 immune responses that are often deregulated in gastric cancer (GC). IL-33 is overexpressed in human gastric tumours suggesting a role in driving GC progression although a causal link has not been proven. Here, we investigated the impact of IL-33 genetic deficiency in the well-characterized gp130F/F mouse model of GC. Expression of IL-33 (and it’s cognate receptor, ST2) was increased in human and mouse GC progression. IL-33 deficient gp130F/F/Il33−/− mice had reduced gastric tumour growth and reduced recruitment of pro-tumorigenic myeloid cells including key mast cell subsets and type-2 (M2) macrophages. Cell sorting of gastric tumours revealed that IL-33 chiefly localized to gastric (tumour) epithelial cells and was absent from tumour-infiltrating immune cells (except modest IL-33 enrichment within CD11b+ CX3CR1+CD64+MHCII+ macrophages). By contrast, ST2 was absent from gastric epithelial cells and localized exclusively within the (non-macrophage) immune cell fraction together with mast cell markers, Mcpt1 and Mcpt2. Collectively, we show that IL-33 is required for gastric tumour growth and provide evidence of a likely mechanism by which gastric epithelial-derived IL-33 drives mobilization of tumour-promoting inflammatory myeloid cells.
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Ham J, Shin JW, Ko BC, Kim HY. Targeting the Epithelium-Derived Innate Cytokines: From Bench to Bedside. Immune Netw 2022; 22:e11. [PMID: 35291657 PMCID: PMC8901708 DOI: 10.4110/in.2022.22.e11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
When epithelial cells are exposed to potentially threatening external stimuli such as allergens, bacteria, viruses, and helminths, they instantly produce "alarmin" cytokines, namely, IL-33, IL-25, and TSLP. These alarmins alert the immune system about these threats, thereby mobilizing host immune defense mechanisms. Specifically, the alarmins strongly stimulate type-2 immune cells, including eosinophils, mast cells, dendritic cells, type-2 helper T cells, and type-2 innate lymphoid cells. Given that the alarm-raising role of IL-33, IL-25, and TSLP was first detected in allergic and infectious diseases, most studies on alarmins focus on their role in these diseases. However, recent studies suggest that alarmins also have a broad range of effector functions in other pathological conditions, including psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, and cancer. Therefore, this review provides an update on the epithelium-derived cytokines in both allergic and non-allergic diseases. We also review the progress of clinical trials on biological agents that target the alarmins and discuss the therapeutic potential of these agents in non-allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongho Ham
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.,CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Jae Woo Shin
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.,CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.,Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Byeong Cheol Ko
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.,CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.,Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Korea
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12
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Mohamed AA, Zaghloul RA, Abdelghany AM, El Gayar AM. Selenium nanoparticles and quercetin suppress thioacetamide-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats: Attenuation of inflammation involvement. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e22989. [PMID: 35179263 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The current study investigates the anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects of selenium (Se) formulated as nanoparticles (SeNPs) and in combination with quercetin (QCT) against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats. Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups (n = 12). Three control groups; normal, SeNPs; group received SeNPs only and HCC; group received TAA. In addition, three preventive groups; SeNPs + TAA, QCT + TAA, and QCT + SeNPs + TAA. Induction of HCC was detected histopathologically and by the raise of the serum level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Oxidative stress was evaluated by the hepatic levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) spectrophotometrically. The oncogenic pathway of p53/β-catenin/cyclin D1 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The inflammatory markers; interleukin-33 (IL-33), IL-6, and IL-1β were assessed by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay. SeNPs prevented the elevation of serum AFP and hepatic IL-33, IL-1β, and IL-6 in comparison to HCC or QCT + TAA groups. SeNPs + TAA exhibited a lower positive hepatic staining of p53, β-catenin, and cyclin D1 in comparison to HCC or QCT + TAA groups. Moreover, SeNPs improved the overall oxidative balance indicated by low hepatic MDA and enhanced GSH and GPx when compared to HCC or QCT + TAA groups. SeNPs alone and in combination with QCT were found to suppress the progression of HCC in rats via the enhancement of the oxidative stress and then inflammatory status and the prevention of the deregulation of the oncogenic axis pathway of p53/β-catenin/cyclin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Randa A Zaghloul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amr M Abdelghany
- Department of Spectroscopy, Physics Division, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amal M El Gayar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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13
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Zhao Y, Wang J, Liu WN, Fong SY, Shuen TWH, Liu M, Harden S, Tan SY, Cheng JY, Tan WWS, Chan JKY, Chee CE, Lee GH, Toh HC, Lim SG, Wan Y, Chen Q. Analysis and Validation of Human Targets and Treatments Using a Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Immune Humanized Mouse Model. Hepatology 2021; 74:1395-1410. [PMID: 33738839 PMCID: PMC9540409 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Recent development of multiple treatments for human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has allowed for the selection of combination therapy to enhance the effectiveness of monotherapy. Optimal selection of therapies is based on both HCC and its microenvironment. Therefore, it is critical to develop and validate preclinical animal models for testing clinical therapeutic solutions. APPROACH AND RESULTS We established cell line-based or patient-derived xenograft-based humanized-immune-system mouse models with subcutaneous and orthotopic HCC. Mice were injected with human-specific antibodies (Abs) to deplete human immune cells. We analyzed the transcription profiles of HCC cells and human immune cells by using real-time PCR and RNA sequencing. The protein level of HCC tumor cells/tissues or human immune cells was determined by using flow cytometry, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. The HCC tumor size was measured after single, dual-combination, and triple-combination treatment using N-(1',2-Dihydroxy-1,2'-binaphthalen-4'-yl)-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide (C188-9), bevacizumab, and pembrolizumab. In this study, human immune cells in the tumor microenvironment were strongly selected and modulated by HCC, which promoted the activation of the IL-6/Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in tumor cells and led to augmented HCC proliferation and angiogenesis by releasing angiogenic cytokines in humanized-immune-system mice with HCC. In particular, intratumor human cluster of differentiation-positive (hCD14+ ) cells could produce IL-33 through damage-associated molecular pattern/Toll-like receptor 4/activator protein 1, which up-regulated IL-6 in other intratumor immune cells and activated the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in HCC. Specific knockdown of the CD14 gene in human monocytes could impair IL-33 production induced by cell lysates. Subsequently, we evaluated the in vivo anti-HCC effect of C188-9, bevacizumab, and pembrolizumab. The results showed that the anti-HCC effect of triple-combination therapy was superior to that of single or dual treatments. CONCLUSIONS Humanized-immune-system HCC mouse models are suitable for identifying targets from cancer and immune components and for testing combinational therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Institute of Molecular and Cell BiologyAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
| | - Jiaxu Wang
- Genome Institute of SingaporeAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
| | - Wai Nam Liu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell BiologyAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
| | - Shin Yie Fong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell BiologyAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
| | | | - Min Liu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell BiologyAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
| | - Sarah Harden
- Institute of Molecular and Cell BiologyAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
| | - Sue Yee Tan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell BiologyAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
| | - Jia Ying Cheng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell BiologyAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
| | - Wilson Wei Sheng Tan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell BiologyAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
| | - Jerry Kok Yen Chan
- Department of Reproductive MedicineKandang Kerbau Women’s and Children's HospitalSingapore,Experimental Fetal Medicine GroupYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Cheng Ean Chee
- Department of Hematology‐OncologyNational University Cancer InstituteSingapore
| | - Guan Huei Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyNational University Health SystemSingapore
| | - Han Chong Toh
- Division of Medical OncologyNational Cancer Centre SingaporeSingapore
| | - Seng Gee Lim
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyNational University Health SystemSingapore
| | - Yue Wan
- Genome Institute of SingaporeAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell BiologyAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore,Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
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14
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Huang N, Cui X, Li W, Zhang C, Liu L, Li J. IL‑33/ST2 promotes the malignant progression of gastric cancer via the MAPK pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:361. [PMID: 33760194 PMCID: PMC7985998 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the commonest malignant tumors and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. IL-33 is highly expressed in tumor tissues and serum of patients with GC. However, the function of the IL-33 and IL-33 receptor ST2 in the malignant progression of GC is yet to be elucidated. The present study aimed to explore the effect of the IL-33/ST2 axis on the biological functions of GC cells. The expression of ST2 in GC tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry. GC cell lines (AGS and MKN45) were treated with IL-33, and the expression of ST2 was downregulated by using specific siRNA. The effects of the IL-33/ST2 axis on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle and apoptosis was detected by CCK8, Transwell, wound healing, flow cytometry and western blotting assays. The present study found that ST2 was highly expressed in GC tissues compared with normal tissues. IL-33 promoted the proliferation and cell cycle progression of GC cells, and upregulated the expression levels of CDK4, CDK6 and cyclin D1. Furthermore, IL-33 inhibited the apoptosis of GC cells and regulated the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins. In addition, IL-33 stimulated the invasion and migration of GC cells. However, the transfection of ST2 small interfering (si)RNA attenuated the effects of IL-33. Finally, IL-33 stimulation increased the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2, JNK and p38. The transfection of ST2 siRNA could significantly inhibit the IL-33-induced ERK1/2, JNK and p38 activation. In conclusion, it was found that ST2 was highly expressed in GC tissues. IL-33/ST2 promoted the malignant progression of GC cells by inducing the activation of ERK1/2, JNK and p38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xing Cui
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Chunlai Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Liqing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jinxing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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15
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Wu S, Tseng IC, Huang WC, Su CW, Lai YH, Lin C, Lee AYL, Kuo CY, Su LY, Lee MC, Hsu TC, Yu CH. Establishment of an Immunocompetent Metastasis Rat Model with Hepatocyte Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123721. [PMID: 33322441 PMCID: PMC7764036 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for the maintenance, metastasis, and relapse of various tumors. The effects of CSCs on the tumorigenesis of HCC are still not fully understood, however. We have recently established two new rat HCC cell lines HTC and TW-1, which we isolated from diethylnitrosamine-induced rat liver cancer. Results showed that TW-1 expressed the genetic markers of CSCs, including CD133, GSTP1, CD44, CD90, and EpCAM. Moreover, TW-1 showed higher tolerance to sorafenib than HTC did. In addition, tumorigenesis and metastasis were observed in nude mice and wild-type rats with TW-1 xenografts. Finally, we combined highly expressed genes in TW-1/HTC with well-known biomarkers from recent HCC studies to predict HCC-related biomarkers and able to identify HCC with AUCs > 0.9 after machine learning. These results indicated that TW-1 was a novel rat CSC line, and the mice or rat models we established with TW-1 has great potential on HCC studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semon Wu
- Department of Life Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (C.-H.Y.); Tel.: +886-2-2861-0511(ext. 26234) (S.W.); +886-2-66289779 (C.-H.Y.); Fax: +886-2-2862-3724 (S.W.); +886-2-66289009 (C.-H.Y.)
| | - I-Chieh Tseng
- Department of Life Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Cheng Huang
- License Biotech, Co., Ltd., Taipei 10690, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (C.-W.S.)
| | - Cheng-Wen Su
- License Biotech, Co., Ltd., Taipei 10690, Taiwan; (W.-C.H.); (C.-W.S.)
| | - Yu-Heng Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan;
| | - Che Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Alan Yueh-Luen Lee
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan;
| | - Chan-Yen Kuo
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei 23142, Taiwan; (C.-Y.K.); (L.-Y.S.); (M.-C.L.)
| | - Li-Yu Su
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei 23142, Taiwan; (C.-Y.K.); (L.-Y.S.); (M.-C.L.)
| | - Ming-Cheng Lee
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei 23142, Taiwan; (C.-Y.K.); (L.-Y.S.); (M.-C.L.)
| | - Te-Cheng Hsu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taipei 30013, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Hsien Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei 23142, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97071, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (C.-H.Y.); Tel.: +886-2-2861-0511(ext. 26234) (S.W.); +886-2-66289779 (C.-H.Y.); Fax: +886-2-2862-3724 (S.W.); +886-2-66289009 (C.-H.Y.)
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16
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De Boeck A, Ahn BY, D'Mello C, Lun X, Menon SV, Alshehri MM, Szulzewsky F, Shen Y, Khan L, Dang NH, Reichardt E, Goring KA, King J, Grisdale CJ, Grinshtein N, Hambardzumyan D, Reilly KM, Blough MD, Cairncross JG, Yong VW, Marra MA, Jones SJM, Kaplan DR, McCoy KD, Holland EC, Bose P, Chan JA, Robbins SM, Senger DL. Glioma-derived IL-33 orchestrates an inflammatory brain tumor microenvironment that accelerates glioma progression. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4997. [PMID: 33020472 PMCID: PMC7536425 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18569-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite a deeper molecular understanding, human glioblastoma remains one of the most treatment refractory and fatal cancers. It is known that the presence of macrophages and microglia impact glioblastoma tumorigenesis and prevent durable response. Herein we identify the dual function cytokine IL-33 as an orchestrator of the glioblastoma microenvironment that contributes to tumorigenesis. We find that IL-33 expression in a large subset of human glioma specimens and murine models correlates with increased tumor-associated macrophages/monocytes/microglia. In addition, nuclear and secreted functions of IL-33 regulate chemokines that collectively recruit and activate circulating and resident innate immune cells creating a pro-tumorigenic environment. Conversely, loss of nuclear IL-33 cripples recruitment, dramatically suppresses glioma growth, and increases survival. Our data supports the paradigm that recruitment and activation of immune cells, when instructed appropriately, offer a therapeutic strategy that switches the focus from the cancer cell alone to one that includes the normal host environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid De Boeck
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bo Young Ahn
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Charlotte D'Mello
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Xueqing Lun
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Shyam V Menon
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mana M Alshehri
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Divison of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Yaoqing Shen
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lubaba Khan
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ngoc Ha Dang
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Elliott Reichardt
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kimberly-Ann Goring
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer King
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Cameron J Grisdale
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Natalie Grinshtein
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto and Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute and the Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Karlyne M Reilly
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michael D Blough
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J Gregory Cairncross
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - V Wee Yong
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Marco A Marra
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David R Kaplan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto and Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kathy D McCoy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Eric C Holland
- Divison of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Pinaki Bose
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Chan
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Stephen M Robbins
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Donna L Senger
- Clark Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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17
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CD44, IL-33, and ST2 Gene Polymorphisms on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Susceptibility in the Chinese Population. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2918517. [PMID: 33062675 PMCID: PMC7538256 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2918517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The interleukin- (IL-) 33/ST2 axis plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis through influencing cancer stemness and other mechanisms. CD44 is one of the critical markers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among the cancer stem cells (CSCs). There is still a lack of CD44 gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) combined with IL-33/ST2 pathway single-nucleotide polymorphisms in HCC susceptibility analysis literature, although CD44 and IL-33/ST2 have been reported separately in human cancers. This study is aimed at investigating the relationship between CD44, IL-33, and ST2 SNPs and HCC susceptibility and clinicopathological features. We analyzed 565 HCC patients and 561 healthy controls in the Chinese population. The genes for CD44rs187115A>G, IL-33 rs1929992A>G, and ST2 rs3821204G>C were typed using the SNaPshot method. We found that the distribution frequencies of CD44 and ST2 alleles and genotypes in both the HCC case group and the control group were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The results showed that individuals carrying at least one G allele of the CD44 rs187115 gene were at a higher risk than the AA genotype carriers (p = 0.007, odds ratio (OR) = 1.429, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.102-1.854). Similarly, individuals with at least one C allele of ST2 rs3821204 had a higher risk of HCC than those with GG genes (p ≤ 0.001, OR = 1.647, 95% CI: 1.296-2.093). Combining the haplotype analysis of the 3 loci suggested that CD44 rs187115, IL-33 rs1929992, and ST2 rs3821204 are associated with the risk of HCC and could potentially serve as useful genetic markers for HCC in some populations of China.
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18
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Zhang X, Chen W, Zeng P, Xu J, Diao H. The Contradictory Role of Interleukin-33 in Immune Cells and Tumor Immunity. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:7527-7537. [PMID: 32904627 PMCID: PMC7457384 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s262745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-33 is a member of the IL-1 superfamily and is a crucial cytokine playing the role of a dual-function molecule. IL-33 mediates its function by interacting with its receptor suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2), which is constitutively expressed on T helper (Th)1 cells, Th2 cells, and other immune cells. Previously, we summarized findings on IL-33 and performed an intensive study of the correlation between IL-33 and tumor. IL-33 enables anti-tumor immune responses through Th1 cells and natural killer (NK) cells and plays a role in tumor immune escape in cancers via Th2 cells and regulatory T cells. Herein, we discuss the contradictory role of IL-33 in immune cells in different cancer, and our summaries may be helpful for better understanding of the development of research on IL-33 and tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Diao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, People's Republic of China
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Yuan W, Mei X, Zhang YY, Zhang ZG, Zou Y, Zhu H, Liu Y, Wang JF, Qian ZP, Lu HZ. High Expression of Interleukin-33/ST2 Predicts the Progression and Poor Prognosis in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with Hepatic Flare. Am J Med Sci 2020; 360:656-661. [PMID: 32988596 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2020.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-33 (IL-33), along with its receptor suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2), is capable of regulating immune responses. Immunologically mediated events play a critical role in the acute phase of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. The present study primarily aimed to determine whether the IL-33/ST2 axis could be used as a reliable biomarker to predict disease progression and prognosis. METHODS The study included 130 cases of CHB, with 48 cases in stable condition, 50 cases of progression to hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), and 32 cases of progression to HBV related pre-ACLF. The demographic data and laboratory test results were recorded and compared among the groups. The blood samples for the measurement of serum IL-33 and soluble ST2 (sST2) levels were collected at admission and evaluated twice using the ELISA method. RESULTS The patients in which the disease progressed to HBV-ACLF had the highest serum IL-33 and sST2 levels among the three groups (p<0.001). The correlation analysis showed that the serum IL-33 levels were associated with the levels of ALT (r = 0.367, p<0.001), AST (r = 0.456, p<0.001) and the MELD score (r = 0.377, p = 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of IL-33 and sST2 levels for differentiation of disease progression were 0.861 (95% CI: 0.787-0.934, p<0.001) and 0.788 (95% CI: 0.692-0.884, p<0.001), respectively. The serum IL-33 levels combined with the MELD score had the highest 90-day mortality prediction efficiency, with an AUC of 0.918 (95% CI: 0.859-0.977, p<0.001), a sensitivity of 92.3%, and a specificity of 88.7%. CONCLUSIONS The IL-33/sST2 axis could be used to evaluate the progression and mortality in CHB patients with hepatic flare. The combinatorial use of multiple indicators could achieve the highest diagnostic and predictive accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- Department of Liver Intensive Care Unit (WY, XM, YYZ, ZGZ, YZ, HZ, YL, JFW, ZPQ), Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Xue Mei
- Department of Liver Intensive Care Unit (WY, XM, YYZ, ZGZ, YZ, HZ, YL, JFW, ZPQ), Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Yu-Yi Zhang
- Department of Liver Intensive Care Unit (WY, XM, YYZ, ZGZ, YZ, HZ, YL, JFW, ZPQ), Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Zheng-Guo Zhang
- Department of Liver Intensive Care Unit (WY, XM, YYZ, ZGZ, YZ, HZ, YL, JFW, ZPQ), Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Ying Zou
- Department of Liver Intensive Care Unit (WY, XM, YYZ, ZGZ, YZ, HZ, YL, JFW, ZPQ), Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Liver Intensive Care Unit (WY, XM, YYZ, ZGZ, YZ, HZ, YL, JFW, ZPQ), Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Liver Intensive Care Unit (WY, XM, YYZ, ZGZ, YZ, HZ, YL, JFW, ZPQ), Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jie-Fei Wang
- Department of Liver Intensive Care Unit (WY, XM, YYZ, ZGZ, YZ, HZ, YL, JFW, ZPQ), Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Qian
- Department of Liver Intensive Care Unit (WY, XM, YYZ, ZGZ, YZ, HZ, YL, JFW, ZPQ), Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.
| | - Hong-Zhou Lu
- Department of Infectious Disease (HZL), Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, No. 2901, Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201508, China.
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Hepatocyte-specific TAK1 deficiency drives RIPK1 kinase-dependent inflammation to promote liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:14231-14242. [PMID: 32513687 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2005353117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β-activated kinase1 (TAK1) encoded by the gene MAP3K7 regulates multiple important downstream effectors involved in immune response, cell death, and carcinogenesis. Hepatocyte-specific deletion of TAK1 in Tak1 ΔHEP mice promotes liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) formation. Here, we report that genetic inactivation of RIPK1 kinase using a kinase dead knockin D138N mutation in Tak1 ΔHEP mice inhibits the expression of liver tumor biomarkers, liver fibrosis, and HCC formation. Inhibition of RIPK1, however, has no or minimum effect on hepatocyte loss and compensatory proliferation, which are the recognized factors important for liver fibrosis and HCC development. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we discovered that inhibition of RIPK1 strongly suppresses inflammation induced by hepatocyte-specific loss of TAK1. Activation of RIPK1 promotes the transcription of key proinflammatory cytokines, such as CCL2, and CCR2+ macrophage infiltration. Our study demonstrates the role and mechanism of RIPK1 kinase in promoting inflammation, both cell-autonomously and cell-nonautonomously, in the development of liver fibrosis and HCC, independent of cell death, and compensatory proliferation. We suggest the possibility of inhibiting RIPK1 kinase as a therapeutic strategy for reducing liver fibrosis and HCC development by inhibiting inflammation.
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21
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Takenaga K, Akimoto M, Koshikawa N, Nagase H. Cancer cell-derived interleukin-33 decoy receptor sST2 enhances orthotopic tumor growth in a murine pancreatic cancer model. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232230. [PMID: 32340025 PMCID: PMC7185704 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Proinflammatory interleukin-33 (IL-33) binds to its receptor ST2L and is involved in inflammation and the malignant behavior of cancer cells. However, the role of IL-33-ST2L and the IL-33 decoy receptor sST2 in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer is unclear. Because we previously reported that sST2 derived from colon cancer cells profoundly influences malignant tumor growth, we hypothesized that sST2 released from pancreatic cancer cells also modulates IL-33-ST2L signaling in the tumor microenvironment, thereby influencing tumor growth. Methods ST2 (ST2L and sST2) expression in mouse pancreatic cancer Panc02 cells was downregulated by shRNAs. mRNA expression levels of IL-33, ST2, cytokines and chemokines in the cells and tumor tissues were examined using real-time PCR. sST2 secretion and the amount of CXCL3 in tumor tissues were measured using ELISA. Tumor growth was investigated after injection of the cells into the pancreas of C57BL/6 mice. MPO+, F4/80+ and CD20+ cells in tumor tissues were detected using immunohistochemistry. Results Some but not all human and mouse pancreatic cancer cell lines preferentially expressed sST2. Then, we investigated the role of sST2 in orthotopic tumor growth of sST2-expressing mouse pancreatic cancer Panc02 cells in immunocompetent mice. shRNA-mediated knockdown of sST2 expression in the cells suppressed orthotopic tumor growth, which was partially recovered by overexpression of shRNA-resistant sST2 mRNA but was not evident in IL-33 knockout mice. This was associated with decreases in Cxcl3 expression, vessel density and accumulation of cancer-associated neutrophils but not cancer-associated macrophages. Administration of SB225002, an inhibitor of the CXCL3 receptor CXCR2, induced similar effects. Conclusions Cancer cell-derived sST2 enhances tumor growth through upregulation of CXCL3 via inhibition of IL-33-ST2L signaling in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer. These results suggest that the sST2 and the CXCL3-CXCR2 axis could be therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keizo Takenaga
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Nitona, Chuoh-ku, Chiba, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Miho Akimoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuko Koshikawa
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Nitona, Chuoh-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nagase
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Nitona, Chuoh-ku, Chiba, Japan
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Lin L, Li Y, Liu M, Li Q, Liu Q, Li R. The Interleukin-33/ST2 axis promotes glioma mesenchymal transition, stemness and TMZ resistance via JNK activation. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:1685-1703. [PMID: 32003751 PMCID: PMC7053587 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
IL-33 is an important member of the IL-1 family which has pleiotropic activities in innate and adaptive immune responses. Recently, some researchers have focused on the function of cellular immunity in the development of tumor. The biological role of IL-33 in glioma is poorly understood. In this study, we showed that glioma cells and tissues expressed higher levels of IL-33 and its receptor ST2 compared to normal brain. Clinically, IL-33 expression was associated with poor survival in patients with glioma. Administration of human IL-33 enhanced cell migration, invasion, epithelial to mesenchymal transition and stemness. Anti-ST2 blocked these effects of IL-33 on tumor. Mechanistically, IL-33 activated JNK signaling pathway via ST2 and increased the expression of key transcription factors that controlled the process of EMT and stemness. Moreover, IL-33 prevented temozolomide induced tumor apoptosis. Anti-ST2 or knockdown IL-33 increased the sensitivity of tumor to temozolomide. Thus, targeting the IL-33/ST2 axis may offer an opportunity to the treatment of glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.,Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.,Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), Beijing 100050, China
| | - Mingli Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.,Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qingbin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.,Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), Beijing 100050, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ruiyan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.,Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG), Beijing 100050, China.,Neuroscience Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
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Feng X, Liu H, Chu X, Sun P, Huang W, Liu C, Yang X, Sun W, Bai H, Ma Y. Recombinant virus-like particles presenting IL-33 successfully modify the tumor microenvironment and facilitate antitumor immunity in a model of breast cancer. Acta Biomater 2019; 100:316-325. [PMID: 31542504 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, interleukin (IL)-33 has been closely associated with a variety of clinical cancers. IL-33 presents both protumorigenic, and less frequently, antitumorigenic functions depending on disease conditions. IL-33 signaling appears to be a possible target for the treatment of applicable tumor diseases. This study aimed to develop an effective approach to intervene in IL-33 functioning in tumors and reveal the immunotherapeutic potential of anti-IL-33 active immunization. Recombinant truncated hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg), presenting mature IL-33 molecules on the surface of virus-like particles (VLPs), was prepared and used to immunize BALB/c mice in a model of murine 4T1 breast cancer. The immunization was performed through either a preventive or therapeutic strategy in two separate studies. Anti-IL-33 immunization with VLPs elicited a persistent and highly titrated specific antibody response and significantly suppressed orthotopic tumor growth in the preventive study and lung metastasis in both studies. The underlying mechanisms might include promoting tumor-specific Th1 and CTL-mediated cellular responses and the expression of the effector molecule interferon-γ (IFN-γ), suppressing T-helper type 2 (Th2) responses, and significantly reducing the infiltration of immunosuppressive Treg (regulatory T) cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) into tumor tissues in the immunized mice. In conclusion, anti-IL-33 active immunization employing recombinant VLPs as an antigen delivery platform effectively modified the tumor microenvironment and promoted antitumor immunity, indicating the potential of this approach as a new and promising immunotherapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancers where IL-33 plays a definite protumorigenic role. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Interleukin (IL)-33 is closely associated with a variety of clinical cancers. IL-33 signaling appears to be a possible target for the treatment of applicable tumor diseases. Recombinant truncated hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg), presenting mature IL-33 molecules on the surface of virus-like particles (VLPs), was prepared and used to immunize BALB/c mice in a model of murine 4T1 breast cancer. The immunization was performed through either a preventive or therapeutic strategy in two separate studies. Anti-IL-33 immunization with VLPs elicited a persistent and highly titrated specific antibody response and significantly suppressed orthotopic tumor growth and lung metastasis in both studies. Furthermore, anti-IL-33 active immunization employing recombinant VLPs as an antigen delivery platform effectively modified the tumor microenvironment and promoted antitumor immunity, indicating its potential as a new and promising immunotherapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancers where IL-33 plays a definite protumorigenic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Feng
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, China; Department of Experimental Center, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Hongxian Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, China
| | - Xiaojie Chu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, China
| | - Pengyan Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, China
| | - Cunbao Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, China
| | - Wenjia Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, China
| | - Hongmei Bai
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, China
| | - Yanbing Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, China.
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25
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Barbier L, Ferhat M, Salamé E, Robin A, Herbelin A, Gombert JM, Silvain C, Barbarin A. Interleukin-1 Family Cytokines: Keystones in Liver Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2014. [PMID: 31507607 PMCID: PMC6718562 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The pyrogenic property being the first activity described, members of the interleukin-1 superfamily (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-18, and the newest members: IL-33, IL-36, IL-37, and IL-38) are now known to be involved in several inflammatory diseases such as obesity, atherosclerosis, cancer, viral and parasite infections, and auto-inflammatory syndromes as well as liver diseases. Inflammation processes are keystones of chronic liver diseases, of which the etiology may be viral or toxic, as in alcoholic or non-alcoholic liver diseases. Inflammation is also at stake in acute liver failure involving massive necrosis, and in ischemia-reperfusion injury in the setting of liver transplantation. The role of the IL-1 superfamily of cytokines and receptors in liver diseases can be either protective or pro-inflammatory, depending on timing and the environment. Our review provides an overview of current understanding of the IL-1 family members in liver inflammation, highlighting recent key investigations, and therapeutic perspectives. We have tried to apply the concept of trained immunity to liver diseases, based on the role of the members of the IL-1 superfamily, first of all IL-1β but also IL-18 and IL-33, in modulating innate lymphoid immunity carried by natural killer cells, innate lymphoid cells or innate T-αβ lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Barbier
- INSERM U1082, Poitiers, France.,Department of Digestive Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Trousseau University Hospital, Tours University, Tours, France
| | | | - Ephrem Salamé
- INSERM U1082, Poitiers, France.,Department of Digestive Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Trousseau University Hospital, Tours University, Tours, France
| | - Aurélie Robin
- INSERM U1082, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Jean-Marc Gombert
- INSERM U1082, Poitiers, France.,Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Poitiers University Hospital, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Christine Silvain
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Poitiers University Hospital, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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Sekiya A, Suzuki S, Tanaka A, Hattori S, Shimizu Y, Yoshikawa N, Koya Y, Kajiyama H, Kikkawa F. Interleukin‑33 expression in ovarian cancer and its possible suppression of peritoneal carcinomatosis. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:755-765. [PMID: 31322193 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Refractory peritoneal carcinomatosis is a common terminal feature of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Previous reports have suggested that immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic strategy for EOC. Interleukin (IL)‑33 is a member of the IL‑1 superfamily of cytokines. The role of IL‑33 in tissue inflammation and promoting type 2 immune responses has been established, and recently, there is accumulating evidence to suggest the involvement of IL‑33 in carcinogenesis. In this study, we focused on the association between the tumor expression of IL‑33 and ovarian peritoneal carcinomatosis. We used an immunosufficient murine model of peritoneal carcinomatosis and human EOC samples. The overexpression of IL‑33 in the ID8 mouse EOC cell line tumors significantly prolonged the survival of immunocompetent mice in the peritoneal carcinomatosis setting, but not in the subcutaneous model. In addition, the silencing of IL‑33 in ID8‑T6 cells (subclone with high dissemination potential) significantly shortened the survival of the tumor‑bearing mice. This was likely due to the intratumoral accumulation of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, and a decrease in CD11b+Gr1+ cells. Furthermore, IL‑33 induced the intraperitoneal microenvironment favoring tumor elimination through the inhibition of differentiation into CD11b+Gr1+ cells. On the whole, the findings of this study suggest IL‑33 to be a cytokine that reflects antitumor peritoneal conditions. Further investigation of the antitumorigenic role of IL‑33 may aid in the development of more effective therapeutic approaches for the treatment of EOC with peritoneal carcinomatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Sekiya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Shiro Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Ayako Tanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Satomi Hattori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shimizu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Yoshikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Koya
- Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466‑8550, Japan
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Sowa P, Misiolek M, Zielinski M, Mazur B, Adamczyk-Sowa M. Novel interleukin-33 and its soluble ST2 receptor as potential serum biomarkers in parotid gland tumors. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 243:762-769. [PMID: 29763370 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218774539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of patients with parotid gland tumors have been observed in recent years. The relationship between the immune system and tumor formation is thoroughly investigated. However, newly discovered molecules offer a new insight into the pathophysiology of malignancies. It would be ideal to find an easily determinable biomarker of tumor existence, its malignant potential or a biomarker suggesting the probability of disease recurrence. Our study is the first to examine serum concentrations of IL-33 and its sST2 receptor in patients with various types of parotid gland tumors. Serum IL33, sST2, IL-4 and IL-10 concentrations were determined in patients with benign and malignant parotid gland tumors (pleomorphic adenoma, Warthin's tumor, myoepithelioma and acinic cell carcinoma). We observed for the first time that serum IL-33 level was significantly elevated in patients with various types of parotid gland tumors and sST2 levels were significantly higher in pleomorphic adenoma and acinic cell carcinoma patients compared to the controls. Our results demonstrate for the first time that serum IL-33 and its sST2 receptor may be important factors in the pathology of parotid gland tumors. Although our results are promising, further investigations are required to detect if serum concentrations of those molecules may be a biomarker in parotid gland tumors. Impact statement Parotid gland tumors seem to be an increasingly important medical challenge, mostly due to a noticeable increase in the incidence. It would be crucial to find an easily determinable biomarker of tumor existence, its recurrence or malignant potential. We observed for the first time that serum IL-33 level was significantly elevated in patients with various types of parotid gland tumors and its sST2 receptor levels were significantly higher in pleomorphic adenoma and acinic cell carcinoma patients compared to the controls. We believe that our study helps to understand the biology of the tumors and a potential role of a relatively newly identified cytokine IL-33 in the pathophysiology of the parotid gland tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Sowa
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze 41-800, Poland
| | - Maciej Misiolek
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze 41-800, Poland
| | - Maciej Zielinski
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze 41-800, Poland
| | - Bogdan Mazur
- 2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze 41-808, Poland
| | - Monika Adamczyk-Sowa
- 3 Department of Neurology in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze 41-800, Poland
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Cui G, Ren J, Xu G, Li Z, Zheng W, Yuan A. Cellular and clinicopathological features of the IL-33/ST2 axis in human esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:203. [PMID: 30559604 PMCID: PMC6290492 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0700-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence has suggested that interleukin (IL)-33 and its primary functional receptor ST2 are involved in the pathogenesis of tumorigenesis. Methods Using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and double immunofluorescence staining, we characterized the cellular and clinicopathological features of the IL-33/ST2 axis in different compartments in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) surgical specimens. Results IHC data revealed an increased expression of IL-33-immunoreactivity (IR) and ST2-IR located in both ESCC cells and tumor stromal cells; which were associated with advanced clinicopathological features such as TNM stages and node involvement. However, the Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that densities of neither IL-33 positive nor ST2 positive cells in both the ESCC mass and stroma were associated with the overall survival rate in patients with ESCC. Double immunofluorescence staining for cellular feature analysis demonstrated that these IL-33 positive and ST2 positive cells in ESCCs were with a high proliferation rate, and IL-33-IR was frequently co-expressed with ST2-IR in both ESCC and stromal cells. Conclusion Significant altered cellular features of the IL-33/ST2 axis in ESCCs were associated with advanced clinicopathological variables. The data suggest that the IL-33/ST2 axis might be involved in the progression of human ESCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Cui
- 1Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan China.,2Faculty of Health Science, Nord University, Campus Levanger, Levanger, Norway
| | - Jingli Ren
- 3Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Gang Xu
- 1Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Zhenfeng Li
- 1Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Wei Zheng
- 1Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Aping Yuan
- 1Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan China.,4Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
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Cui G, Yuan A, Pang Z, Zheng W, Li Z, Goll R. Contribution of IL-33 to the Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2018; 8:561. [PMID: 30547011 PMCID: PMC6279916 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of colorectal cancer (CRC) is not only determined by transformed cells per se, but also by factors existing in their immune microenvironment. Accumulating scientific evidence has revealed that interleukin (IL)-33, an IL-1 family member, plays an essential role in the regulation of immune response and is relevant in CRC pathogenesis. Data from both human and experimental studies demonstrated that IL-33 inhibits host anti-tumor immunity, remodels tumor stroma and enhances angiogenesis, thereby promoting the development of CRC. These pro-tumor effects of IL-33 are mainly mediated by IL-33 receptor ST2 (also known as IL-1RL1). Based on those findings, it is currently hypothesized that the IL-33/ST2 pathway is a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for colorectal tumorigenesis. Herein, we summarize the recent discoveries in understanding the critical role of the IL-33/ST2 pathway in contributing to the pathogenesis of colorectal tumorigenesis and discuss its potential implications for the future development of effective anti-tumor strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Cui
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Faculty of Health Science, Nord University, Levanger, Norway
| | - Aping Yuan
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Pang
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenfeng Li
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rasmus Goll
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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30
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Jin Z, Lei L, Lin D, Liu Y, Song Y, Gong H, Zhu Y, Mei Y, Hu B, Wu Y, Zhang G, Liu H. IL-33 Released in the Liver Inhibits Tumor Growth via Promotion of CD4 + and CD8 + T Cell Responses in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:3770-3779. [PMID: 30446569 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
IL-33 released by epithelial cells and immune cells functions as an alarmin and can induce both type 1 and type 2 immune responses. However, the role of IL-33 release in tumor development is still not clear. In this study, we examined the function of released IL-33 in murine hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) models by hydrodynamically injecting either IL-33-expressing tumor cells or IL-33-expressing plasmids into the liver of tumor-bearing mice. Tumor growth was greatly inhibited by IL-33 release. This antitumor effect of IL-33 was dependent on suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) because it was diminished in ST2-/- mice. Moreover, HCC patients with high IL-33 expression have prolonged overall survival compared with the patients with low IL-33 expression. Further study showed that there were increased percentages and numbers of activated and effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in both spleen and liver in IL-33-expressing tumor-bearing mice. Moreover, IFN-γ production of the CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was upregulated in both spleen and liver by IL-33. The cytotoxicity of CTLs from IL-33-expressing mice was also enhanced. In vitro rIL-33 treatment could preferentially expand CD8+ T cells and promote CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation and IFN-γ production. Depletion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells diminished the antitumor activity of IL-33, suggesting that the antitumor function of released IL-33 was mediated by both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Taken together, we demonstrated in murine HCC models that IL-33 release could inhibit tumor development through its interaction with ST2 to promote antitumor CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Jin
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University-, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University-, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Dandan Lin
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University-, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yonghao Liu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University-, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuan Song
- Immunology Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Huanle Gong
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University-, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University-, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yu Mei
- Immunology Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore.,Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Bo Hu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University-, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University-, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Guangbo Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; and.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Immunology Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore; .,Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
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31
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Kieler M, Unseld M, Wojta J, Kaider A, Bianconi D, Demyanets S, Prager GW. Plasma levels of interleukin-33 and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma undergoing systemic chemotherapy. Med Oncol 2018; 36:1. [PMID: 30426271 PMCID: PMC6244890 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-018-1223-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) and its "decoy" receptor soluble ST2 (sST2) are involved in the development of chronic inflammation and cancer. We explored IL-33 and sST2 as a potential prognostic marker in patients with metastatic and locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). IL-33 and sST2 plasma levels were assessed in 20 patients with advanced PDAC before start of systemic chemotherapy and were analyzed in relation to clinical outcome. Kaplan Meier and multivariable Cox proportional hazards model analysis revealed a significant association between sST2 plasma levels and survival (HR 2.10, 95% CI 1.33-3.41, p = 0.002) and link high sST2 plasma levels to inferior survival in patients with advanced PDAC undergoing chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Kieler
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Unseld
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johann Wojta
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Kaider
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Bianconi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Svitlana Demyanets
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Gerald W Prager
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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32
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Fournié JJ, Poupot M. The Pro-tumorigenic IL-33 Involved in Antitumor Immunity: A Yin and Yang Cytokine. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2506. [PMID: 30416507 PMCID: PMC6212549 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33), considered as an alarmin released upon tissue stress or damage, is a member of the IL-1 family and binds the ST2 receptor. First described as a potent initiator of type 2 immune responses through the activation of T helper 2 (TH2) cells and mast cells, IL-33 is now also known as an effective stimulator of TH1 immune cells, natural killer (NK) cells, iNKT cells, and CD8 T lymphocytes. Moreover, IL-33 was shown to play an important role in several cancers due to its pro and anti-tumorigenic functions. Currently, IL-33 is a possible inducer and prognostic marker of cancer development with a direct effect on tumor cells promoting tumorigenesis, proliferation, survival, and metastasis. IL-33 also promotes tumor growth and metastasis by remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME) and inducing angiogenesis. IL-33 favors tumor progression through the immune system by inducing M2 macrophage polarization and tumor infiltration, and upon activation of immunosuppressive cells such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) or regulatory T cells. The anti-tumor functions of IL-33 also depend on infiltrated immune cells displaying TH1 responses. This review therefore summarizes the dual role of this cytokine in cancer and suggests that new proposals for IL-33-based cancer immunotherapies should be considered with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Jacques Fournié
- INSERM UMR 1037 Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), ERL 5294 CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire d'excellence Toucan, Toulouse, France
| | - Mary Poupot
- INSERM UMR 1037 Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), ERL 5294 CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire d'excellence Toucan, Toulouse, France
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33
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Hong J, Kim S, Lin PC. Interleukin-33 and ST2 Signaling in Tumor Microenvironment. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2018; 39:61-71. [PMID: 30256696 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2018.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is one of the members of the IL-1 family of cytokines and a ligand of ST2 and IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcP) that is known to affect Th2 inflammatory response with partial effects on Th1 responses. This cytokine is released by epithelial and smooth muscle cells of the airway system during their injury by several environmental stimuli, such as allergens, viruses, helminths, and pollutants. IL-33 is an alarmin that acts as an endogenous danger signal, and it has been known to affect various types of cells, such as mast cells, basophils, eosinophils, T cells, and specific subsets of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). In recent findings, this cytokine is believed to have a critical role in several types of cancers, such as lung cancer, liver cancer, and head and neck squamous cell cancer. The expression of IL-33/ST2 in cancer tissues shows a close association with tumor growth and tumor progression in several types of cancer, suggesting the IL-33/ST2 pathway as a potential target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewoo Hong
- 1 Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Soohyun Kim
- 2 Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - P Charles Lin
- 1 Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland
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34
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The Role of IL-33/ST2 Pathway in Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092676. [PMID: 30205617 PMCID: PMC6164146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is initiated by mutations in critical regulatory genes; however, its progression to malignancy is aided by non-neoplastic cells and molecules that create a permissive environment known as the tumor stroma or microenvironment (TME). Interleukin 33 (IL-33) is a dual function cytokine that also acts as a nuclear factor. IL-33 typically resides in the nucleus of the cells where it is expressed. However, upon tissue damage, necrosis, or injury, it is quickly released into extracellular space where it binds to its cognate receptor suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2)L found on the membrane of target cells to potently activate a T Helper 2 (Th2) immune response, thus, it is classified as an alarmin. While its role in immunity and immune-related disorders has been extensively studied, its role in tumorigenesis is only beginning to be elucidated and has revealed opposing roles in tumor development. The IL-33/ST2 axis is emerging as a potent modulator of the TME. By recruiting a cohort of immune cells, it can remodel the TME to promote malignancy or impose tumor regression. Here, we review its multiple functions in various cancers to better understand its potential as a therapeutic target to block tumor progression or as adjuvant therapy to enhance the efficacy of anticancer immunotherapies.
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35
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Zhang Q, Lou Y, Bai XL, Liang TB. Immunometabolism: A novel perspective of liver cancer microenvironment and its influence on tumor progression. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:3500-3512. [PMID: 30131656 PMCID: PMC6102497 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i31.3500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The initiation and progression of liver cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, are dependent on its tumor microenvironment. Immune cells are key players in the liver cancer microenvironment and show complicated crosstalk with cancer cells. Emerging evidence has shown that the functions of immune cells are closely related to cell metabolism. However, the effects of metabolic changes of immune cells on liver cancer progression are largely undefined. In this review, we summarize the recent findings of immunometabolism and relate these findings to liver cancer progression. We also explore the translation of the understanding of immunometabolism for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu Lou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xue-Li Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ting-Bo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
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36
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Zare R, Malekzadeh M, Hashemi M, Khademi B, Andishe-Tadbir A. Investigation of IL-33 serum levels in patients with benign and malignant salivary gland tumors. Cancer Biomark 2018; 23:61-65. [PMID: 29991126 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-181309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-33 (IL-33) has been recently discovered as an influential factor in the process of tumor immunity, and is presented in cancer pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the serum levels of IL-33 in patients with benign and malignant Salivary gland tumors (SGTs). METHODS This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 47 samples of malignant SGTs including 18 mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), 8 adenoid cystic carcinoma (ADCC), 21 malignant mixed tumor (MMT), and 14 benign pleomorphic adenoma (PA). A control group was considered consisting of 28 healthy subjects. The serum level of IL-33 was measured by using sandwich ELISA method. The data were statistically analyzed through Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS The median concentration of IL-33 was 6.91 in malignant, 5.14 in benign, and 5.01 in healthy cases, with a statistically significant difference (P= 0.001). The median serum levels of IL-33 increased significantly in ADCC (7.15), MEC (7.03), and MMT (6.91) compared with the control group (5.01) (P< 0.05). The mean rank of MEC was significantly higher than PA (P= 0.01). IL-33 concentration was positively and significantly correlated with the tumor stage (P= 0.02) and tumor size (P= 0.03). CONCLUSIONS IL-33 could be suggested as a novel biomarker to distinguish different types of SGTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Zare
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahyar Malekzadeh
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohamad Hashemi
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bijan Khademi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Khalili Hospital, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azadeh Andishe-Tadbir
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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37
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Liu MJ, Jiang K, Zhang J, Zhou L, Zhao JW, Wang BM. RIP3 mediates IL-33 production in gastric epithelial cells with intestinal metaplasia. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2018; 26:964-971. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v26.i16.964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the relationship between receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3) signaling pathway and gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM), and the regulatory effect of this signaling pathway on inflammatory cytokines.
METHODS Gastric tissues from healthy controls, patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis, patients with GIM, and patients with dysplasia were collected to detect the expression of RIP3 in GIM by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Human gastric epithelial cell line GES-1 was stimulated with sodium deoxycholate (DCA) to observe the relationship between CDX2, a key gene involved in intestinal metaplasia, and RIP3 signaling pathway. The regulation of inflammatory cytokines by RIP3 was also assessed.
RESULTS Compared with the control and chronic non-atrophic gastritis groups, the expression of RIP3 mRNA in the gastric mucosa of GIM patients and dysplasia patients was up-regulated, and the expression of RIP3 protein in the gastric epithelium of GIM patients and dysplasia patients was also up-regulated. In GES-1 cells stimulated with DCA, the expression of CDX2 protein and the RIP3 signaling pathway-associated proteins was increased in a concentration-dependent manner, accompanied by up-regulation of IL-33 expression. Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1), a specific inhibitor of the RIP3 signaling pathway, had no effect on CDX2 expression, but significantly down-regulated the expression of RIP3 and IL-33.
CONCLUSION RIP3 has no effect on the occurrence of GIM, but it may affect GIM progression by regulating the expression of IL-33 in gastric epithelial cells with intestinal metaplasia, suggesting that it may be a potential therapeutic target for preventing GIM progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Kui Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jing-Wen Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Bang-Mao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China
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38
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Shen Y, Li J, Wang SQ, Jiang W. Ambiguous roles of innate lymphoid cells in chronic development of liver diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:1962-1977. [PMID: 29760540 PMCID: PMC5949710 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i18.1962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are defined as a distinct arm of innate immunity. According to their profile of secreted cytokines and lineage-specific transcriptional factors, ILCs can be categorized into the following three groups: group 1 ILCs (including natural killer (NK) cells and ILC1s) are dependent on T-bet and can produce interferon-γ; group 2 ILCs (ILC2s) are dependent on GATA3 and can produce type 2 cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-13; and, group 3 ILCs (including lymphoid tissue-like cells and ILC3s) are dependent on RORγt and can produce IL-22 and IL-17. Collaborative with adaptive immunity, ILCs are highly reactive innate effectors that promptly orchestrate immunity, inflammation and tissue repair. Dysregulation of ILCs might result in inflammatory disorders. Evidence regarding the function of intrahepatic ILCs is emerging from longitudinal studies of inflammatory liver diseases wherein they exert both physiological and pathological functions, including immune homeostasis, defenses and surveillance. Their overall effect on the liver depends on the balance of their proinflammatory and antiinflammatory populations, specific microenvironment and stages of immune responses. Here, we review the current data about ILCs in chronic liver disease progression, to reveal their roles in different stages as well as to discuss their therapeutic potency as intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Si-Qi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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39
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Wei ZH, Li YY, Huang SQ, Tan ZQ. Genetic variants in IL-33/ST2 pathway with the susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma in a Chinese population. Cytokine 2018; 118:124-129. [PMID: 29656959 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-33/ST2 pathway plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis through influencing cancer stemness, tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, and accumulation of regulatory T cells in tumor microenvironments. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of IL-33 rs7025417 and ST2 rs3821204 with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Genotyping of IL-33 rs7025417 and ST2 rs3821204 was carried out using a Taqman assay. IL-33 and ST2 mRNA was examined using real-time PCR and plasma IL-33 and sST2 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The ST2 rs3821204 CC genotype was associated with a significantly increased risk of HCC (CC vs. GG: adjusted OR = 2.29, 95% CI, 1.39-3.78; dominant model: adjusted OR = 1.58, 95% CI, 1.12-2.23; recessive model: adjusted OR = 1.88, 95% CI, 1.21-2.93; C vs. G: adjusted OR = 1.53, 95% CI, 1.20-1.95). Gene-environment interaction analysis showed that the risk effect of rs3821204 CG/CC genotypes was more evident in smokers (adjusted OR = 1.70, 95% CI, 1.13-2.55) and drinkers (adjusted OR = 1.57, 95% CI, 1.04-2.37). The increased risk was also observed in combined analysis. Moreover, HCC patients with ST2 rs3821204 CC genotype had higher levels of mRNA and protein expression (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that ST2 rs3821204 CC genotype may contribute to hepatocarcinogenesis by enhancing ST2 production at the transcriptional and translational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Heng Wei
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China.
| | - Yue-Yong Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Shi-Qing Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Tan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi, China
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40
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Akimoto M, Takenaga K. Role of the IL-33/ST2L axis in colorectal cancer progression. Cell Immunol 2018; 343:103740. [PMID: 29329638 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) has been identified as a natural ligand of ST2L. IL-33 primarily acts as a key regulator of Th2 responses through binding to ST2L, which is antagonized by soluble ST2 (sST2). The IL-33/ST2L axis is involved in various inflammatory pathologies, including ulcerative colitis (UC). Several recent investigations have also suggested that the IL-33/ST2L axis plays a role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. In CRC, tumor- and stroma-derived IL-33 may activate ST2L on various cell types in an autocrine and paracrine manner. Although several findings support the hypothesis that the IL-33/ST2L axis positively regulates CRC progression, other reports do not; hence, this hypothesis remains controversial. At any rate, recent studies have provided overwhelming evidence that the IL-33/ST2L axis plays important roles in CRC progression. This review summarizes the role of the IL-33/ST2L axis in the UC and CRC microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Akimoto
- Department of Life Science, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Keizo Takenaga
- Department of Life Science, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan.
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Abstract
Although immunotherapy has been at the forefront of cancer therapy for the last several years, better clinical responses are still desired. Interleukin-33 is perhaps one of the most overlooked antitumor cytokines. Its ability to promote type 1 immune responses, which control tumor growth in preclinical animal models is overshadowed by its association with type 2 immunity and poor prognosis in some human cancers. Accumulating evidence shows that IL-33 is a powerful new tool for restoring and enhancing the body's natural antitumor immunity cycle. Furthermore, the antitumor mechanisms of IL-33 are two-fold, as it can directly boost CD8+ T cell function and restore dendritic cell dysfunction in vivo. Mechanistic studies have identified a novel pathway induced by IL-33 and its receptor ST2 in which dendritic cells avoid dysfunction and retain cross-priming abilities in tumor-bearing conditions. Here, we also comment on IL-33 data in human cancers and explore the idea that endogenous IL-33 may not deserve its reputation for promoting tumor growth. In fact, tumors may hijack the IL-33/ST2 axis to avoid immune surveillance and escape antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donye Dominguez
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine–Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine–Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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42
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Salomé B, Jandus C. Innate lymphoid cells in antitumor immunity. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 103:479-483. [PMID: 29345362 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.5mr0617-266r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are the most recently characterized subset of innate lymphocytes. Based on their specific transcriptional regulation, cytokine secretion pattern and effector functions ILCs mirror the different CD4 T helper cell subsets, with the unique attributes of acting locally in early phases of immune responses, in an antigen-independent manner. In this review, we discuss how ILCs have been implicated in tumorigenesis. Their presence might favor or inhibit tumor growth, depending on the cytokines released and the specific tumor microenvironment. As our understanding of ILCs' contribution to antitumor responses advances, clinical options to target ILCs in antitumor therapies are also emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bérengère Salomé
- Translational Tumor Immunology Group, Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Camilla Jandus
- Translational Tumor Immunology Group, Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
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43
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Wasmer MH, Krebs P. The Role of IL-33-Dependent Inflammation in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2017; 7:682. [PMID: 28119694 PMCID: PMC5220330 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is compelling evidence that inflammation contributes to tumorigenesis. Inflammatory mediators within the tumor microenvironment can either promote an antitumor immune response or support tumor pathogenesis. Therefore, it is critical to determine the relative contribution of tumor-associated inflammatory pathways to cancer development. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the IL-1 family of cytokines that is released upon tissue stress or damage to operate as an alarmin. IL-33 has been primarily implicated in the induction of type-2 immune responses. However, recent findings have shown a role of IL-33 in several cancers where it may exert multiple functions. In this review, we will present the current knowledge on the role of IL-33 in the microenvironment of different tumors. We will highlight which cells produce and which cells are activated by IL-33 in cancer. Furthermore, we will explain how IL-33 modulates the tumor-associated inflammatory microenvironment to restrain or promote tumorigenesis. Finally, we will discuss the issues to be addressed first before potentially targeting the IL-33 pathway for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Hélène Wasmer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Krebs
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
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44
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Soluble IL-33 receptor sST2 inhibits colorectal cancer malignant growth by modifying the tumour microenvironment. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13589. [PMID: 27882929 PMCID: PMC5123057 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) was recently shown to be involved in the inflammatory tumour microenvironment and the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). We report here that the expression level of sST2, a soluble form of the IL-33 receptor (ST2L), is inversely associated with the malignant growth of CRC. sST2 is downregulated in high-metastatic cells compared with low-metastatic human and mouse CRC cells. Knockdown of sST2 in low-metastatic cells enhances tumour growth, metastasis and tumour angiogenesis, whereas its overexpression in high-metastatic cells suppresses these processes. Circulating and intratumourally administered sST2-Fc fusion protein reduce tumour growth, metastatic spread and tumour angiogenesis in mice bearing high-metastatic CRC. Mechanistically, sST2 suppresses IL-33-induced angiogenesis, Th1- and Th2-responses, macrophage infiltration and macrophage M2a polarization. In conclusion, we show that sST2 negatively regulates tumour growth and the metastatic spread of CRC through modification of the tumour microenvironment. Thus, the IL-33/ST2L axis may be a potential therapeutic target in CRC. IL-33 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine with a role in colorectal cancer. Here, the authors show that circulating tumour-derived sST2, an IL-33 decoy receptor, delayed the growth and progression of colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting Th1/Th2 polarization, macrophage infiltration and angiogenesis.
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45
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Yang Y, Wang JB, Li YM, Zhao YU, Wang R, Wu Q, Zheng RS, Ou YR. Role of IL-33 expression in oncogenesis and development of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:429-436. [PMID: 27347162 PMCID: PMC4906799 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a newly-discovered cytokine belonging to the IL-1 family, serves an important role in inflammation. However, it is not clear whether IL-33 is of clinical significance in hepatocarcinogenesis. The present study was designed to investigate the role of IL-33 during oncogenesis and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). IL-33 protein expression was detected in 76 HCC (including 36 para-carcinoma), 33 cirrhosis, 30 hepatitis, and 20 normal liver tissues using immunohistochemistry. IL-33 mRNA expression in carcinoma and para-carcinoma tissues was evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The possible correlation between IL-33 and clinicopathological parameters of HCC was also analyzed. Significant differences in IL-33 expression were not observed among normal, hepatic, and cirrhotic tissues (P>0.05), whereas the level of protein positive rate was markedly reduced in HCC tissues (P<0.01). Positive staining of IL-33 in non-cancerous liver (NCL) tissues (i.e. normal, hepatitis, and liver cirrhosis) was located predominantly in the nucleus and occasionally in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes; however, the expression in HCC tissues was mostly restricted to the cytoplasm. A significant alteration in protein localization was observed in HCC tissues as compared with NCL tissues (P<0.01). In comparison with HCC tissues, cytoplasmic staining of IL-33 was increased in para-carcinoma tissues. RT-PCR assay further confirmed relatively high mRNA expression levels of IL-33 in para-carcinoma tissues. IL-33 expression was significantly negatively associated with tumor histological grade (r=−0.279, P=0.015), but not with year, gender, tumor size, clinical stage, HCC with hepatitis and cirrhosis background, lymph node metastasis or intrahepatic vascular embolism (P>0.05). Therefore, the aberrant expression of IL-33 is associated with oncogenesis and progression of HCC and the cytoplasmic accumulation of the protein may serve a role in hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Bin Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Mei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Y U Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Sheng Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Rong Ou
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, P.R. China
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46
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Zhang J, Wang P, Ji W, Ding Y, Lu X. Overexpression of interleukin-33 is associated with poor prognosis of patients with glioma. Int J Neurosci 2016; 127:210-217. [PMID: 27050560 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2016.1175441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) has shown diagnostic and prognostic values in multiple human cancers. However, there is little knowledge on the role of IL-33 in human gliomas and its association with disease prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the value of IL-33 in the prognosis of glioma patients. The expression of IL-33 was determined and compared in surgical specimens from 86 glioma patients and 16 normal brain tissues. The associations of IL-33 expression with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of glioma patients were assessed. qRT-PCR assay showed higher IL-33 mRNA expression in glioma tissues than in normal brain tissue ( p < 0.001), and significantly higher IL-33 mRNA expression was detected in both low- and high-grade glioma tissues relative to normal brain tissues ( p < 0.001). Western blotting revealed elevated IL-33 protein levels in glioma tissues compared to those in normal brain tissues, and immunohistochemical staining showed higher IL-33 protein expression in glioma tissues than in normal brain tissues. IL-33 expression correlated with the glioma grade ( p < 0.001) and Karnofsky performance status score ( p = 0.024), and the glioma patients with high IL-33 expression had a shorter progression-free survival ( p < 0.001) and overall survival ( p < 0.001) than those with low IL-33 expression. The univariate and multivariate analyses showed that IL-33 overexpression and the glioma grade were independent factors of a poor prognosis in glioma patients. Therefore, IL-33 may be a promising biomarker for the detection of gliomas, and IL-33 expression is useful for predicting the prognosis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Zhang
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University , Wuxi City , China
| | - Peng Wang
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University , Wuxi City , China
| | - Weiyang Ji
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University , Wuxi City , China
| | - Yasuo Ding
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University , Wuxi City , China
| | - Xiaojie Lu
- a Department of Neurosurgery , Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University , Wuxi City , China
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47
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Deng K, Wang H, Shan T, Chen Y, Zhou H, Zhao Q, Xia J. Tristetraprolin inhibits gastric cancer progression through suppression of IL-33. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24505. [PMID: 27074834 PMCID: PMC4830935 DOI: 10.1038/srep24505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP) is an adenine/uridine (AU)-rich element (ARE)-binding protein that can induce degradation of mRNAs. In this study, we report that TTP suppresses the expression of interleukin-33 (IL-33), a tumor-promoting inflammatory cytokine, and thereby inhibits the progression of gastric cancer (GC). Overexpression of TTP decreased the level of IL-33, whereas knockdown of TTP increased IL-33 levels. We also discovered that TTP inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cell lines through regulation of IL-33. Furthermore, TTP RNA and protein levels were remarkably reduced in GC and inversely correlated with IL-33 level, and they were also closely associated with depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, advanced TNM stage, as well as survival rate. Taken together, these findings identified TTP as a downregulator of IL-33, and further suggest that TTP can serve as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of GC and as a potential therapeutic target for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Deng
- Department of General Surgery and Translational Medicine Center, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of General Surgery and Translational Medicine Center, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Ting Shan
- Department of General Surgery and Translational Medicine Center, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Yigang Chen
- Department of General Surgery and Translational Medicine Center, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of General Surgery and Translational Medicine Center, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery and Translational Medicine Center, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Jiazeng Xia
- Department of General Surgery and Translational Medicine Center, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002, China
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48
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Tian Z, van Velkinburgh JC, Wu Y, Ni B. Innate lymphoid cells involve in tumorigenesis. Int J Cancer 2016; 138:22-9. [PMID: 25604320 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) promptly initiate cytokine responses to pathogen exposure in the mucosa and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues. ILCs were recently categorized as being of the lymphoid lineage and have been classified into three groups. ILCs play important roles in immunity against pathogens, and an anti-tumor immune-related function was recently demonstrated. In this review we discuss whether and how ILCs involve in the tumorigenesis, providing new insights into the mechanisms underlying the particular functions of ILCs as well as the potential targets for tumor intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Tian
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Yuzhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bing Ni
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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49
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O'Donnell C, Mahmoud A, Keane J, Murphy C, White D, Carey S, O'Riordain M, Bennett MW, Brint E, Houston A. An antitumorigenic role for the IL-33 receptor, ST2L, in colon cancer. Br J Cancer 2015; 114:37-43. [PMID: 26679377 PMCID: PMC4716545 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the importance of inflammation in cancer, the role of the cytokine IL-33, and its receptor ST2, in colon cancer is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of IL-33, and its receptor isoforms (ST2 and ST2L), in colon cancer. METHODS Serum levels of IL-33 and sST2 were determined with ELISA. ST2 and IL-33 expression was detected with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blotting and immunohistochemistry. ST2 expression in CT26 cells was stably suppressed using ST2-specific shRNA. Cytokine and chemokine gene expression was detected with qRT-PCR. RESULTS Human colon tumours showed lower expression of ST2L as compared with adjacent non-tumour tissue (P<0.01). Moreover, the higher the tumour grade, the lower the expression of ST2L (P=0.026). Colon cancer cells expressed ST2 and IL-33 in vitro. Functional analyses showed that stimulation of tumour cells with IL-33 induced the expression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2). Knockdown of ST2 in murine colon cancer cells resulted in enhanced tumour growth (P<0.05) in BALB/c mice in vivo. This was associated with a decrease in macrophage infiltration, with IL-33-induced macrophage recruitment reduced by antagonising CCL2 in vitro. CONCLUSION The IL-33/ST2 signalling axis may have a protective role in colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amr Mahmoud
- Department of Pathology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jonathan Keane
- Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Carola Murphy
- Cork Cancer Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Declan White
- Department of Pathology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sinead Carey
- Department of Histopathology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Micheal O'Riordain
- Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Surgery, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Michael W Bennett
- Department of Histopathology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Elizabeth Brint
- Department of Pathology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aileen Houston
- Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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50
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Capone F, Guerriero E, Colonna G, Maio P, Mangia A, Marfella R, Paolisso G, Izzo F, Potenza N, Tomeo L, Castello G, Costantini S. The Cytokinome Profile in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Type 2 Diabetes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134594. [PMID: 26226632 PMCID: PMC4520685 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of the complex interaction network of cytokines, defined as ‘‘cytokinome’’, can be useful to follow progression and evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from its early stages as well as to define therapeutic strategies. Recently we have evaluated the cytokinome profile in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and/or chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection and/or cirrhosis suggesting specific markers for the different stages of the diseases. Since T2D has been identified as one of the contributory cause of HCC, in this paper we examined the serum levels of cytokines, growth factors, chemokines, as well as of other cancer and diabetes biomarkers in a discovery cohort of patients with T2D, chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and/or CHC-related HCC comparing them with a healthy control group to define a profile of proteins able to characterize these patients, and to recognize the association between diabetes and HCC. The results have evidenced that the serum levels of some proteins are significantly and differently up-regulated in all the patients but they increased still more when HCC develops on the background of T2D. Our results were verified also using a separate validation cohort. Furthermore, significant correlations between clinical and laboratory data characterizing the various stages of this complex disease, have been found. In overall, our results highlighted that a large and simple omics approach, such as that of the cytokinome analysis, supplemented by common biochemical and clinical data, can give a complete picture able to improve the prognosis of the various stages of the disease progression. We have also demonstrated by means of interactomic analysis that our experimental results correlate positively with the general metabolic picture that is emerging in the literature for this complex multifactorial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Capone
- CROM, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Eliana Guerriero
- CROM, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Colonna
- Center of Medical Informatics-SIM/AOU-Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Patrizia Maio
- Unita`Operativa Malattie Infettive, Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale ''San Giuseppe Moscati", Avellino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mangia
- Liver Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Izzo
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Potenza
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Castello
- CROM, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Susan Costantini
- CROM, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
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