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Yang X, Fridman AJ, Unsworth N, Casement MD. Pupillary motility responses to affectively salient stimuli in individuals with depression or elevated risk of depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 148:105125. [PMID: 36924842 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Elaborative affective processing is observed in depression, and pupillary reactivity, a continuous, sensitive, and reliable indicator of physiological arousal and neurocognitive processing, is increasingly utilized in studies of depression-related characteristics. As a first attempt to quantitively summarize existing evidence on depression-related pupillary reactivity alterations, this review and meta-analysis evaluated the direction, magnitude, and specificity of pupillary indices of affective processing towards positively, negatively, and neutrally-valenced stimuli among individuals diagnosed with depression or with elevated risk of depression. Studies on pupillary responses to affective stimuli in the target groups were identified in PsycINFO and PubMed databases. Twenty-two articles met inclusion criteria for the qualitative review and 16 for the quantitative review. Three-level frequentist and Bayesian models were applied to summarize pooled effects from baseline-controlled stimuli-induced average changes in pupillary responses. In general, compared to non-depressed individuals, individuals with depression or elevated risk of depression exhibited higher pupillary reactivity (d =0.15) towards negatively-valenced stimuli during affective processing. Pupillary motility towards negatively-valenced stimuli may be a promising trait-like marker for depression vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, 1451 Onyx St, Eugene, OR US 97403, USA.
| | - Andrew J Fridman
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, 1451 Onyx St, Eugene, OR US 97403, USA.
| | - Nash Unsworth
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, 1451 Onyx St, Eugene, OR US 97403, USA.
| | - Melynda D Casement
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, 1451 Onyx St, Eugene, OR US 97403, USA.
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2
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Varghese S, Frey BN, Schneider MA, Kapczinski F, de Azevedo Cardoso T. Functional and cognitive impairment in the first episode of depression: A systematic review. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2022; 145:156-185. [PMID: 34758106 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the cognitive and functional impairment in individuals with the first episode of major depressive disorder (MDD) as compared to controls and individuals with recurrent MDD. Also to describe the functional and cognitive trajectory after the first episode of MDD. METHODS A total of 52 studies were included in our systematic review. 32 studies compared the cognitive performance between first episode of depression (FED) and controls, 11 studies compared the cognitive performance between recurrent depression (RD) and FED, 10 compared global functioning between RD and FED, four studies assessed cognition in FED over time, and two studies assessed global functioning in FED over time. RESULTS The majority of studies (n = 22/32, 68.8%) found that FED subjects performed significantly worse than controls on cognitive tests, with processing speed (n = 12) and executive/working memory (n = 11) being the most commonly impaired domains. Seven out of 11 studies (63.6%) found that RD performed significantly worse than FED, with verbal learning and memory being the most commonly impaired domain (n = 4). Most studies (n = 7/10, 70%) did not find a significant difference in global functioning between RD and FED. In three of four longitudinal studies assessing cognition, subgroup analyses were used instead of directly assessing cognition in FED over time while the remaining study found significant cognitive declines over time in FED when compared to controls. The two longitudinal studies assessing functional trajectory found that functioning significantly improved over time, possibly due to the improvement of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION There is strong evidence that cognitive impairment is present during the first episode of depression, and individuals with multiple episodes display greater cognitive impairment than individuals with a single episode. Future studies aimed at identifying predictors of cognitive and functional impairment after the first episode of depression are needed to describe the functional and cognitive trajectory of individuals with the first episode of MDD over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Varghese
- Undergraduate Medical Education (UGME), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benicio N Frey
- Mood Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maiko A Schneider
- Mood Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Youth Wellness Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Flavio Kapczinski
- Mood Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Bipolar Disorder Program, Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Taiane de Azevedo Cardoso
- Mood Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Daming M, Xin L, Shuwen H, Pengfei G, Shuai L, Feng G, Xiaomei C, Binbin C, Hui Z. Somatization Symptoms Regulate Emotional Memory Bias in Adolescents With Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:656198. [PMID: 34512408 PMCID: PMC8428275 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.656198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Somatization symptoms are commonly comorbid with depression. Furthermore, people with depression and somatization have a negative memory bias. We investigated the differences in emotional memory among adolescent patients with depressive disorders, with and without functional somatization symptoms (FSS). Methods: We recruited 30 adolescents with depression and FSS, 38 adolescents with depression but without FSS, and 38 healthy participants. Emotional memory tasks were conducted to evaluate the emotional memory of the participants in the three groups. The clinical symptoms were evaluated using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the Children's Somatization Inventory (CSI). Results: The valence ratings and recognition accuracy rates for positive and neutral images of adolescent patients were significantly lower than those of the control group (F = 12.208, P < 0.001; F = 6.801, P < 0.05; F = 14.536, P < 0.001; F = 6.306, P < 0.05, respectively); however, the recognition accuracy rate for negative images of adolescent patients of depression without FSS was significantly lower than that of patients with FSS and control group participants (F = 10.316, P < 0.001). These differences persisted after controlling for HDRS scores. The within-group analysis revealed that patients of depression with FSS showed significantly higher recognition accuracy rates for negative images than the other types (F = 5.446, P < 0.05). The recognition accuracy rate for negative images was positively correlated with CSI scores (r = 0.352, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Therefore, emotional memory impairment exists in adolescent patients of depression and FSS are associated with negative emotional memory retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Daming
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Li Xin
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Hu Shuwen
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Guo Pengfei
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Liu Shuai
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Geng Feng
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Cao Xiaomei
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Chen Binbin
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Zhong Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China.,Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China
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Sun N, Yang C, He X, Liu Z, Liu S, Li X, Wang Y, Jin R, Zhang K. Impact of Expression and Genetic Variation of microRNA-34b/c on Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:1543-1554. [PMID: 32606706 PMCID: PMC7311205 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s247787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD) commonly demonstrate lower performance across multiple cognitive domains. Cognitive impairment is an intrinsic characteristic of MDD status and is often influenced by genetic factors. microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) have been shown to have important implications in the etiology of MDD. Therefore, we aimed to identify and analyze the impact of expression and genetic variation of miR-34b/c on cognitive dysfunction in MDD. METHODS First, we analyzed miR-34c-5p expression in 48 cases of MDD and 54 healthy controls in a Chinese population using qRT-PCR. We assessed the relationship between the level of miR-34c-5p expression and cognitive performance by Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and the Trail Making Test (TMT). Second, in order to characterize allelic effects of miR-34b/c on cognitive performance in MDD patients, we performed genetic association analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci of the MIR34B/C genes with cognitive function in a second group consisting of 531 MDD patients and 267 healthy controls. RESULTS We found a significant negative correlation between the level of miR-34c-5p expression and both the language and delayed memory index scores in patients with MDD. We also found a significant positive correlation between the level of miR-34c-5p expression and the time required to complete tests A and B of the TMT. The interaction between the rs2187473 genotype and the disease was significant for both immediate memory and delayed memory. In the patient group, the rs2187473 CC genotype was significantly associated with higher performance on immediate memory (F = 6.683, p < 0.05) and delayed memory tasks (F = 4.221, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that changes in miR-34c expression level have important impacts on cognitive function in patients with MDD. In particular, the polymorphism rs2187473 is a potential genetic risk factor for cognitive function in MDD, which may be of clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China.,Nursing College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting He
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China.,University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifen Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinrong Li
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruihua Jin
- Nursing College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kerang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
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Jia QF, Chen P, Zhu HL, Chen SS, Gu XC, Yin XY, Wu YH, Yin GZ, Hui L. Cognitive Impairments in First-Episode Drug-Naïve Versus Medicated Depressive Patients: RBANS in a Chinese Population. Psychiatr Q 2019; 90:471-480. [PMID: 31079346 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-019-09641-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive deficits are a core feature of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, there are no previous studies that directly compare cognitive performance between first-episode drug-naive depressive patients (FDDP) and medicated depressive patients (MDP). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether there were the differences in cognitive functions between FDDP and MDP. Sixty-two FDDP, 111 MDP and 90 healthy controls were enrolled in a Chinese population. Cognitive functions were assessed using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). There were the differences in the RBANS total score (F = 26.55, p < 0.001), subscales of immediate memory (F = 3.95, p = 0.02), language (F = 54.11, p < 0.001) and delayed memory (F = 11.19, p = 0.001) among the three groups after controlling for gender, education, smoking and body mass index (BMI). These differences in the RBANS total score, subscales of language and delayed memory passed the Bonferroni corrections (all, p < 0.05). Compared to healthy controls, FDDP and MDP had poorer cognitive performance including the RBANS total score, and subscales of language and delayed memory (all, p < 0.05) after controlling for the variables. FDDP experienced greater language deficits than MDP (p < 0.05) after controlling for the variables. Education was correlated with the language score in FDDP (r = 0.61, p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that education was an independent contributor to the language score in FDDP (ß = 3.11, t = 5.48, p < 0.001). Our findings indicated that FDDP had poorer language performance than MDP. Moreover, education could influence the language performance in FDDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Fang Jia
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Chen
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Liang Zhu
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Shan Chen
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Chu Gu
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yuan Yin
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Hai Wu
- Anhui Rongjun Hospital, Bengbu, 233499, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Zhong Yin
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Hui
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, No. 11 Guangqian Road, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Hui L, Han M, Du XD, Zhang BH, He SC, Shao TN, Yin GZ. Serum ApoB levels in depressive patients: associated with cognitive deficits. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39992. [PMID: 28054633 PMCID: PMC5215543 DOI: 10.1038/srep39992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive deficits have been regarded as one of the most significant clinical symptoms of depressive disorder. Accumulating evidence has shown that apolipoprotein B (ApoB) levels, which are responsible for inducing neurodegeneration, may be involved in cognitive deficits. This study examines cognitive deficits, and the correlation of serum ApoB levels with cognitive deficits of depressive disorder. 90 depressive patients and 90 healthy controls with matched age and gender were recruited. Cognition was assessed using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Serum ApoB levels in depressive patients were measured by immunoturbidimetric method. Our results showed that depressive patients had lower scores of cognition including RBANS total score and subscales of language and delayed memory (all, p < 0.001) than healthy controls after controlling for the variables. The differences in cognitive functions also passed Bonferroni corrections. Serum ApoB levels were negatively correlated with delayed memory score in depressive patients (r = −0.30, p = 0.01). Furthermore, stepwise multivariate regression analysis indicated that serum ApoB levels independently contributed to delayed memory in depressive patients (t = −2.68, p = 0.01). Our findings support that serum ApoB levels may be involved in delayed memory decline in depressive patients. Depressive patients also experience greater cognitive deficits, especially in delayed memory and language than healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hui
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215008, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Mei Han
- School of Medicine, IHMRI, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Xiang Dong Du
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215008, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Bao Hua Zhang
- Beijing HuilongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100096, PR China
| | - Shu Chang He
- Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing 100000, PR China
| | - Tian Nan Shao
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215008, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Guang Zhong Yin
- Institute of Mental Health, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215008, Jiangsu, PR China
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