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Alniss HY, Kemp BM, Holmes E, Hoffmann J, Ploch RM, Ramadan WS, Msallam YA, Al-Jubeh HM, Madkour MM, Celikkaya BC, Scott FJ, El-Awady R, Parkinson JA. Spectroscopic, biochemical and computational studies of bioactive DNA minor groove binders targeting 5'-WGWWCW-3' motif. Bioorg Chem 2024; 148:107414. [PMID: 38733748 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Spectroscopic, biochemical, and computational modelling studies have been used to assess the binding capability of a set of minor groove binding (MGB) ligands against the self-complementary DNA sequences 5'-d(CGCACTAGTGCG)-3' and 5'-d(CGCAGTACTGCG)-3'. The ligands were carefully designed to target the DNA response element, 5'-WGWWCW-3', the binding site for several nuclear receptors. Basic 1D 1H NMR spectra of the DNA samples prepared with three MGB ligands show subtle variations suggestive of how each ligand associates with the double helical structure of both DNA sequences. The variations among the investigated ligands were reflected in the line shape and intensity of 1D 1H and 31P-{1H} NMR spectra. Rapid visual inspection of these 1D NMR spectra proves to be beneficial in providing valuable insights on MGB binding molecules. The NMR results were consistent with the findings from both UV DNA denaturation and molecular modelling studies. Both the NMR spectroscopic and computational analyses indicate that the investigated ligands bind to the minor grooves as antiparallel side-by-side dimers in a head-to-tail fashion. Moreover, comparisons with results from biochemical studies offered valuable insights into the mechanism of action, and antitumor activity of MGBs in relation to their structures, essential pre-requisites for future optimization of MGBs as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Y Alniss
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Bryony M Kemp
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland, UK
| | - Elizabeth Holmes
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland, UK
| | - Joanna Hoffmann
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland, UK
| | - Rafal M Ploch
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland, UK
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yousef A Msallam
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hadeel M Al-Jubeh
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Moustafa M Madkour
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bekir C Celikkaya
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland, UK
| | - Fraser J Scott
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland, UK
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - John A Parkinson
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, Scotland, UK.
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Javadi A, Nikhbakht MR, Ghasemian Yadegari J, Rustamzadeh A, Mohammadi M, Shirazinejad A, Azadbakht S, Abdi Z. In-vivo and in vitro assessments of the radioprotective potential natural and chemical compounds: a review. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:155-165. [PMID: 35549605 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2078007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study of the radioactive role of natural and chemical substances on human and animal studies has been the subject of research by some researchers. Therefore, the review of some of the past and current studies conducted in this field, can provide helpful information to elucidate of the importance of radioprotective components in reducing radiation exposure side effects. METHODS The authors search for keywords including In vitro, In vivo, Radioprotective, Ionizing radiation, and Vitamin in ScienceDirect, Scopus, Pubmed, and Google Scholar databases to access previously published articles and search for more reference articles on the role of radioprotective materials from natural and chemical compounds. RESULTS Radiation exposure can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body, however most of which are eliminated by the body's natural mechanisms, but when the body's antioxidant systems do not have enough ability to neutralize free radicals, oxidative stress occurs, which causes damage to DNA and body tissues. Therefore, it is necessary use of alternative substances that reduce and inhibit free radicals. CONCLUSION In general, recommended that antioxidant component(s) can be protect tissue damages in humans or animals, due to the their ability to scavenge free radicals generated by ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Javadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Nikhbakht
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine Medicinal Plants Research Center Yasuj, University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Javad Ghasemian Yadegari
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Auob Rustamzadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.,Hepatitis Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.,Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Alireza Shirazinejad
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Sarvestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sarvestan, Iran
| | - Saleh Azadbakht
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Zahra Abdi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Lin GS, Zhang MY, Wu LN, Lin QY. Vitexin Glucolone Reinforces Radiosensitivity of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via Transforming Growth Factor Kinase 1/Adenylate Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To discuss effects of vitexin glucolone (VG) to radiosensitivity of NSCLC (Non-small cell lung cancer) cell lines (A549 and H1299). Methods: Treating A549 and H1299 cells by VG with or without X-radiation. Cell viability was calculated by CCK8. Apoptosis rate
was measured by flow cytometry and Western blot to expressions of protein. Subsequently, cells were transferred with TAK1 siRNA, cell viability and apoptosis were measured. Results: VG decreased the viability of Huh7 cells and inhibited effects of VG was more strengthen than radiotherapy
in concentrations of 20 μmol/L and 40 μmol/L. Meanwhile, VG sensitized HCC exposed to radiation therapy to apoptosis as demonstrated by increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. In addition, VG enhanced the promotive effects of X-radiation on the expressions of TAK1, AMPKα1
and PPARγ. Furthermore, silence the expression of TAK1 partly reversed the effects of VG on HCC and radiosensitivity of NSCLC. Conclusion: VG enhances radiosensitivity of NSCLC via TAK1/AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Sheng Lin
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, 351100, China
| | - Mei Yi Zhang
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, 351100, China
| | - Liang Ning Wu
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, 351100, China
| | - Qun Ying Lin
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, 351100, China
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Wufuer Y, Yang X, Guo L, Aximujiang K, Zhong L, Yunusi K, Wu G. The Antitumor Effect and Mechanism of Total Flavonoids From Coreopsis Tinctoria Nutt (Snow Chrysanthemum) on Lung Cancer Using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:761785. [PMID: 35350758 PMCID: PMC8957955 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.761785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt (C. tinctoria), also known as Snow Chrysanthemum, is rich in polyphenols and flavonoids. It has important pharmacological effects such as lowering blood lipids, regulating blood glucose, and anti-tumor effect. However, its anti-tumor mechanism has not yet been investigated thoroughly. This study aimed to explore the anti-tumor effect of total flavonoids extracted from C. tinctoria (CTFs) on lung cancer and the possible mechanism. The components of CTFs were analyzed using Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The active components of CTFs were screened according to oral bioavailability (OB) and drug-likeness (DL). Totally, 68 components of CTFs were identified and 23 active components were screened. Network pharmacological analysis on the active components identified 288 potential targets associated with lung cancer. After protein-protein interaction (PPI) network topology analysis, 17 key protein targets including Akt1, MAPK1, TP53, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, Bax, GSK3B and CCND1 were screened. The molecular docking results showed that the active components of CTFs had good binding activity with key targets. GO and KEGG analysis of candidate targets found that the main enrichment was in PI3K/Akt-mediated intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Finally, according to the results of network pharmacology, the potential molecular mechanism of CTFs intervention in lung cancer was validated experimentally in vitro and in vivo. The experimental validation results demonstrated that the antitumor activity of CTFs on lung cancer may be related to inhibiting the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and activating the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilimire Wufuer
- School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Luyuan Guo
- School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | | | - Li Zhong
- School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Kurexi Yunusi
- Uygur Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Guixia Wu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Li X, Chu S, Lin M, Gao Y, Liu Y, Yang S, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Wang H, Chen N. Anticancer property of ginsenoside Rh2 from ginseng. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 203:112627. [PMID: 32702586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ginseng has been used as a well-known traditional Chinese medicine since ancient times. Ginsenosides as its main active constituents possess a broad scope of pharmacological properties including stimulating immune function, enhancing cardiovascular health, increasing resistance to stress, improving memory and learning, developing social functioning and mental health in normal persons, and chemotherapy. Ginsenoside Rh2 (Rh2) is one of the major bioactive ginsenosides from Panax ginseng. When applied to cancer treatment, Rh2 not only exhibits the anti-proliferation, anti-invasion, anti-metastasis, induction of cell cycle arrest, promotion of differentiation, and reversal of multi-drug resistance activities against multiple tumor cells, but also alleviates the side effects after chemotherapy or radiotherapy. In the past decades, nearly 200 studies on Rh2 in the treatment of cancer have been published, however no specific reviews have been conducted by now. So the purpose of this review is to provide a systematic summary and analysis of the anticancer effects and the potential mechanisms of Rh2 extracted from Ginseng then give a future prospects about it. In the end of this paper the metabolism and derivatives of Rh2 also have been documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China; Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha, 410208, PR China; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China
| | - Shifeng Chu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China
| | - Meiyu Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Yan Gao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China
| | - Yingjiao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Songwei Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China
| | - Yani Zhang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China
| | - Yaomei Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Huiqin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Naihong Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China; Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, Changsha, 410208, PR China; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China; Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China.
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Portugal J. Insights into DNA-drug interactions in the era of omics. Biopolymers 2020; 112:e23385. [PMID: 32542701 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the rise of sophisticated new targeting strategies in cancer chemotherapy, many classic DNA-binding drugs remain on the front line of the therapy against cancer. Based on examples primarily from the author's laboratory, this article reviews the capabilities of several DNA-binding drugs to alter gene expression. Research is ongoing about the molecular bases of the inhibition of gene expression and how alteration of the cellular transcriptome can commit cancer cells to die. The development of a variety of omic techniques allows us to gain insights into the effect of antitumor drugs. Genome-wide approaches provide unbiased genomic data that can facilitate a deeper understanding of the cellular response to DNA-binding drugs. Moreover, the results of large-scale genomic studies are gathered in publicly available databases that can be used in developing precision medicine in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Portugal
- Instituto de Diagnóstico Ambiental y Estudios del Agua, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Network Pharmacology-Based Study on the Mechanism of Bushen-Jianpi Decoction in Liver Cancer Treatment. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:3242989. [PMID: 31015849 PMCID: PMC6444272 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3242989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism of a Bushen-Jianpi decoction (BSJPD) in liver cancer (LC) treatment, we analyzed clinical therapy data, conducted network pharmacology analysis, and performed pharmacological experimental verification in vitro and in vivo. The univariate analysis of clinical therapy showed that the BSJPD was protective factor (p < 0.05). The network pharmacology analysis showed that 9 compounds were important nodes of BSJPD-LC therapy network. In experimental verification, the rate of apoptosis increased in the liver tumors of mice treated with the BSJPD (p < 0.05); drug serum with 20 % BSJPD inhibited cell viability (p < 0.05) and reduced the expression of PI3K, the Bcl-xL/BAD ratio, and the levels of p53 and p-Akt in HepG2 cells. Moreover, licochalcone A, alisol B, and hederagenin inhibited cell viability (p < 0.05), induced cell apoptosis (p < 0.01), reduced p-Akt levels, and increased cleaved-CASP3 (p < 0.05) and p53 expression levels in HepG2 cells. These data suggest that the BSJPD prolongs the survival of LC patients and induces apoptosis and that it may be associated with the regulation of PI3K, Akt, p53, CASP3, and Bcl-xL/BAD expression.
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Xie H, Li X, Chen Y, Lang M, Shen Z, Shi L. Ethanolic extract of Cordyceps cicadae exerts antitumor effect on human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells by inducing apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and endoplasmic reticulum stress. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 231:230-240. [PMID: 30468850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cordyceps cicadae (Miq.) Massee is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been used for approximately 1600 years in China. C. cicadae, a member of the Cordyceps genus, exerts a therapeutic effect on many diseases, such as cancer. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the antineoplasmic activity of C. cicadae and to identify its molecular mechanism of cell death. MATERIALS AND METHODS The toxicity of the ethanolic extract of C. cicadae (EEC) against different cancer cell lines was determined through MTT assay. Human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells were treated with EEC for 48 h. Cell morphology was examined by using an Olympus phase-contrast microscope. The cell apoptosis was quantified through Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Cells were stained with PI and then subjected to flow cytometry for the investigation of cell cycle status. Cells were subjected to mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) assay after incubation with JC-1 probes and to intracellular Ca2+ measurement through flow cytometry after incubation with Fluo-3 AM fluorescent probes. Western blot analysis was conducted to quantify the expression of proteins related to apoptosis, cell cycle and endoplasmic reticulum stress. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was performed to analyse the biological activity components of EEC. RESULTS EEC suppressed the proliferation of SGC-7901 cells and induced the development of abnormal morphological features in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometry results indicated that EEC treatment caused cell apoptosis and arrested the cell cycle in the S phase. In addition, EEC treatment triggered MMP depolarization and Ca2+ overloading in the cytosol of SGC-7901 cells. Western blot analysis demonstrated that EEC increased Bax, AIF, caspase-8, caspase-6 and caspase-3 activities and decreased Bcl-2 activity. The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, which was caused by the activation of the cell surface receptor Fas and the cleavage of PARP. EEC-induced S phase arrest was associated with the up-regulation of E2F1, cyclin A2, cyclin E and p53 expression levels and the down-regulation of CDK2 expression. In addition, EEC increased the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins, such as calpain-1, caspase-12 and caspase-9. HPLC assay results suggested that EEC contained adenine, uridine, adenosine and N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-adenosine. CONCLUSION EEC inhibited the proliferation of SGC-7901 cells by inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis, arresting the cell cycle in the S phase and increasing endoplasmic reticulum stress. This study revealed that C. cicadae is a potential natural source of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqing Xie
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiaotong Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yajie Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Mingzi Lang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Zhangfei Shen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Liangen Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Liu X, Jiang Q, Liu H, Luo S. Vitexin induces apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. Biol Res 2019; 52:7. [PMID: 30797236 PMCID: PMC6387544 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-019-0214-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains dismal; hence, it is critical to identify effective anti-NSCLC agents with limited side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of flavonoid compound vitexin in human NSCLC cells and the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS The experimental results indicated that vitexin reduced the viability of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner with nearly no toxicity against normal human bronchial epithelial 16HBE cells. Vitexin also dose-dependently increased A549 cell apoptosis, accompanied by the decreased Bcl-2/Bax ratio and the increased expression of cleaved caspase-3. Moreover, the in vivo anticancer activity of vitexin was further determined in nude mice bearing A549 cells. In addition, vitexin induced the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria to the cytosol and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Vitexin also significantly reduced the levels of p-PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTOR, and the pro-apoptotic effect of vitexin on A549 cells was partly blocked by SC79, an Akt activator. CONCLUSIONS Accordingly, we believed that vitexin could be used as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of NSCLC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, No. 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou City, 450008, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingfeng Jiang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, No. 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou City, 450008, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaimin Liu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, No. 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou City, 450008, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, No. 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou City, 450008, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
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The Bispidinone Derivative 3,7-Bis-[2-( S)-amino-3-(1 H-indol-3-yl)-propionyl]-1,5-diphenyl-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one Dihydrochloride Induces an Apoptosis-Mediated Cytotoxic Effect on Pancreatic Cancer Cells In Vitro. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030524. [PMID: 30709047 PMCID: PMC6384835 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a complex, heterogeneous disease with a dismal prognosis. Current therapies have failed to improve survival outcomes, urging the need for discovery of novel targeted treatments. Bispidinone derivatives have yet to be investigated as cytotoxic agents against PC cells. The cytotoxic effect of four bispidinone derivatives (BisP1: 1,5-diphenyl-3,7-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one; BisP2: 3,7-bis-(2-(S)-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutyryl)-1,5-diphenyl-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one dihydrochloride; BisP3: [2-{7-[2-(S)-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-propionyl]-9-oxo-1,5-diphenyl-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]non-3-yl}-1-(S)-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)-2-oxoethyl]-carbamic acid tertbutyl ester; BisP4: 3,7-bis-[2-(S)-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-propionyl]-1,5-diphenyl-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one dihydrochloride) was assessed against PC cell lines (MiaPaca-2, CFPAC-1 and BxPC-3). Cell viability was assessed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) colorimetric assay, while apoptotic cell death was confirmed using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Initial viability screening revealed significant cytotoxic activity from BisP4 treatment (1 µM–100 µM) on all three cell lines, with IC50 values for MiaPaca-2, BxPC-3, and CFPAC-1 16.9 µM, 23.7 µM, and 36.3 µM, respectively. Cytotoxic treatment time-response (4 h, 24 h, and 48 h) revealed a 24 h treatment time was sufficient to produce a cytotoxic effect on all cell lines. Light microscopy evaluation (DAPI staining) of BisP4 treated MiaPaca-2 PC cells revealed dose-dependent characteristic apoptotic morphological changes. In addition, flow cytometry confirmed BisP4 induced apoptotic cell death induction of activated caspase-3/-7. The bispidinone derivative BisP4 induced an apoptosis-mediated cytotoxic effect on MiaPaca-2 cell lines and significant cytotoxicity on CFPAC-1 and BxPC-3 cell lines. Further investigations into the precise cellular mechanisms of action of this class of compounds are necessary for potential development into pre-clinical trials.
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11
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Wu R, Dong S, Cai FF, Chen XL, Yang MD, Liu P, Su SB. Active Compounds Derived from Fuzheng Huayu Formula Protect Hepatic Parenchymal Cells from Apoptosis Based on Network Pharmacology and Transcriptomic Analysis. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24020338. [PMID: 30669350 PMCID: PMC6358846 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fuzheng huayu formula (FZHY), an antifibrotic traditional Chinese medicine, is frequently used for the treatment of liver fibrosis. In this study, network analysis, transcriptomic analysis, assays of cell apoptosis, viability and protein expression were used for investigating the effects and mechanisms of compounds derived from FZHY on hepatic parenchymal cell (HPC) protection and hepatic stellate cell activation. Network pharmacology analysis found that 6 major compounds and 39 potential targets were important network nodes. Our analysis predicted that the active compounds of FZHY, including hederagenin, luteolin and tanshinone IIA inhibited cell apoptosis (p < 0.05), increased PI3K expression and reduced cleaved caspase 3 expression and the Bax/Bcl-w ratio (p < 0.05) in L02 cells that had apoptosis induced by TNF-α. Few significant changes caused by FZHY, hederagenin, luteolin and tanshinone IIA were observed in hepatic stellate Lx2 cells upon TGF-β1 induction. These data suggest that FZHY is active against liver fibrosis, protects hepatic parenchymal cells from apoptosis, and recovers liver function, possibly through the effects of its active compounds hederagenin, luteolin and tanshinone IIA and is involved in the inhibition of apoptosis in HPCs, possibly through regulating the PI3K, ERK, cleaved caspase 3 and Bax/Bcl-w levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wu
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Shu Dong
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Fei-Fei Cai
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xiao-Le Chen
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Meng-Die Yang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Ping Liu
- E-institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Committee, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Shi-Bing Su
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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12
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You Y, Li H, Chen J, Qin X, Ran Y. Zoledronic acid reverses cisplatin resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by activating the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:1840-1846. [PMID: 28454332 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite improvements to radiotherapeutic strategies, resistance to adjuvant chemotherapy remains the main problem underlying the low 5-year survival rate in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In the present study, the human NPC cell line HNE1 was exposed to gradually increasing concentrations of cisplatin (CDDP) in order to establish a drug-resistant sub-cell line, HNE1/CDDP. HNE1/CDDP cells exhibited multidrug resistance and a prolonged doubling time, as compared with the parent HNE1 cells. Furthermore, pretreatment with zoledronic acid (ZOL) appeared to resensitize the CDDP-resistant cells by inducing S-phase cell cycle arrest and the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by upregulating the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2)-associated X protein and caspase-9 and downregulating the expression of BCL-2. The results of the present study suggested that HNE1/CDDP cells are a stable, multidrug-resistant NPC cell line that may serve as an important tool for research in drug resistance. In addition, the application of ZOL may hold clinical therapeutic potential for the treatment of drug resistance in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie You
- Pathological Examination and Research Center, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan 462002, P.R. China
| | - Haijun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, Sichuan 641000, P.R. China
| | - Jiongyu Chen
- Department of Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xin Qin
- Medical College, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, P.R. China
| | - Yonggang Ran
- Department of Teaching and Training, Bethune Military Medical NCO Academy of PLA, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050081, P.R. China
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13
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He JD, Wang Z, Li SP, Xu YJ, Yu Y, Ding YJ, Yu WL, Zhang RX, Zhang HM, Du HY. Vitexin suppresses autophagy to induce apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma via activation of the JNK signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2016; 7:84520-84532. [PMID: 27588401 PMCID: PMC5356678 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitexin, a flavonoids compound, is known to exhibit broad anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antitumor activity in many cancer xenograft models and cell lines. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antitumor effects and underlying mechanisms of vitexin on hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, we found that vitexin suppressed the viability of HCC cell lines (SK-Hep1 and Hepa1-6 cells) significantly. Vitexin showed cytotoxic effects against HCC cell lines in vitro by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting autophagy. Vitexin induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner, and caused up-regulations of Caspase-3, Cleave Caspase-3, and a down-regulation of Bcl-2. The expression of autophagy-related protein LC3 II was significantly decreased after vitexin treatment. Moreover, western blot analysis presented that vitexin markedly up-regulated the levels of p-JNK and down-regulated the levels of p-Erk1/2 in SK-Hep1 cells and Hepa1-6 cells. Cotreatment with JNK inhibitor SP600125, we demonstrated that apoptosis induced by vitexin was suppressed, while the inhibition of autophagy by vitexin was reversed. The results of colony formation assay and mouse model confirmed the growth inhibition role of vitexin on HCC in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, vitexin inhibits HCC growth by way of apoptosis induction and autophagy suppression, both of which are through JNK MAPK pathway. Therefore, vitexin could be regarded as a potent therapeutic agent for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Dan He
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Peng Li
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Hospital of Jiaozuo City, Jiaozuo 454002, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Jie Xu
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
| | - Yao Yu
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Jie Ding
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Li Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Xin Zhang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of China, Basic Medical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Ming Zhang
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
- Department of Liver Transplantation, Oriental Organ Transplant Center of Tianjin First Central Hospital, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation of Tianjin, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yin Du
- First Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, P.R. China
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14
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Peña-Morán OA, Villarreal ML, Álvarez-Berber L, Meneses-Acosta A, Rodríguez-López V. Cytotoxicity, Post-Treatment Recovery, and Selectivity Analysis of Naturally Occurring Podophyllotoxins from Bursera fagaroides var. fagaroides on Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21081013. [PMID: 27527135 PMCID: PMC6274026 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite prevention and treatment options, breast cancer (BC) has become one of the most important issues in the present day. Therefore, the need for more specific and efficient compounds remains paramount. We evaluated four previously isolated aryltetralin lignans: 5'-demethoxy-β-peltatin-A-methylether (1), acetylpodophyllotoxin (2), 5'-demethoxydeoxypodophyllotoxin (3), and 7',8'-dehydroacetylpodophyllotoxin (4) for cytotoxicity, clonogenicity, and selectivity against three BC cell lines: MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and BT-549, as well as the non-tumorigenic mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A. Cytotoxicity was evaluated after 72 h of treatment, and clonogenicity was determined at 72 h post-treatment; experiments were performed using the sulforhodamine B staining assay. Selective-index (SI) was calculated by comparing pure compound IC50 values in MCF-10A cell line against the IC50 of the same compound in cancer cell lines. Structural similarities among lignans and controls (podophyllotoxin and etoposide) were analyzed using the Tanimoto coefficient (Tc). Lignans were cytotoxic against all tested cell lines (0.011-7.22 µM) and clonogenicity testing showed a dose-dependent cytocidality for all lignans (≥0.08 µg/mL); compounds 2 and 3 were more potent (14.1 and 7.6 respectively) than etoposide in BT-549 cell line, while compound 2 displayed selectivity (SI = 28.17) in BT-549 cell line. Tc values of lignans suggested a greater similarity with podophyllotoxin structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Aristeo Peña-Morán
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico.
| | - María Luisa Villarreal
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico.
| | - Laura Álvarez-Berber
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico.
| | - Angélica Meneses-Acosta
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico.
| | - Verónica Rodríguez-López
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico.
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15
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Giuffrida R, Adamo L, Iannolo G, Vicari L, Giuffrida D, Eramo A, Gulisano M, Memeo L, Conticello C. Resistance of papillary thyroid cancer stem cells to chemotherapy. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:687-691. [PMID: 27347201 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine neoplasm, with the highest mortality rate of all the endocrine cancers. Among the endocrine malignancies, ~80% are papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs). In the initiation and progression of this tumor, genetic alterations in the mitogen-associated protein kinase pathway, including RAS point mutations, RET/PTC oncogene rearrangements and BRAF point mutations, play an important role, particularly in deciding targeted therapy. In the present study, a small population of thyroid tumor cells, known as tumor spheres, were isolated and characterized from PTC surgical samples. These spheres can be expanded indefinitely in vitro and give rise to differentiated adherent cells when cultivated in differentiative conditions. The present study showed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometric analysis that the undifferentiated PTC cells exhibited a characteristic antigen expression profile of adult progenitor/stem cells. The cells were more resistant to chemotherapeutics, including bortezomib, taxol, cisplatin, etoposide, doxorubicin and vincristine, than differentiated PTC cells and the majority possessed a quiescent status, as revealed by the various cell cycle characteristics and anti-apoptotic protein expression. Such advances in cancer thyroid stem cell biology may provide relevant information for future targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luana Adamo
- Cell Biology Unit, IOM Ricerca Srl, Viagrande, I-95029 Catania, Italy
| | - Gioacchin Iannolo
- Cell Biology Unit, IOM Ricerca Srl, Viagrande, I-95029 Catania, Italy; Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Technologies Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Advanced Biotechnologies, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies, I-90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luisa Vicari
- Cell Biology Unit, IOM Ricerca Srl, Viagrande, I-95029 Catania, Italy
| | - Dario Giuffrida
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, I-95029 Catania, Italy
| | - Adriana Eramo
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Health, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Gulisano
- Cell Biology Unit, IOM Ricerca Srl, Viagrande, I-95029 Catania, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Cell Biology Unit, IOM Ricerca Srl, Viagrande, I-95029 Catania, Italy; Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, I-95029 Catania, Italy
| | - Concetta Conticello
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, I-95029 Catania, Italy
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16
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Broecker-Preuss M, Becher-Boveleth N, Müller S, Mann K. The BH3 mimetic drug ABT-737 induces apoptosis and acts synergistically with chemotherapeutic drugs in thyroid carcinoma cells. Cancer Cell Int 2016; 16:27. [PMID: 27042160 PMCID: PMC4818940 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-016-0303-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with dedifferentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas that do not take up radioiodine are resistant to chemotherapeutic treatment and external irradiation and thus are difficult to treat. Direct induction of apoptosis is a promising approach in these apoptosis-resistant tumor cells. The BH3 mimetic ABT-737 belongs to a new class of drugs that target anti-apoptotic proteins of the BCL-2 family and facilitate cell death. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ABT-737 alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs on thyroid carcinoma cell lines. METHODS A total of 16 cell lines derived from follicular, papillary, and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas were treated with ABT-737. Cell viability was measured with MTT assay. Cell death was determined by cell cycle phase distribution and subG1 peak analyses, determination of caspase 3/7 activity and caspase cleavage products, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) liberation assays and LC3 analysis by western blot. RESULTS The number of viable cells was decreased in all cell lines examined after ABT-737 treatment, with IC50 values ranging from 0.73 to 15.6 μM. Biochemical markers of apoptosis like caspase activities, caspase cleavage products and DNA fragmentation determined as SubG1 peak were elevated after ABT-737 treatment, but no LC3 cleavage was induced by ABT-737 indicating no autophagic processes. In combination with doxorubicin and gemcitabine, ABT-737 showed synergistic effects on cell viability. CONCLUSIONS With these experiments we demonstrated the efficacy of the BH3 mimetic drug ABT-737 against dedifferentiated thyroid carcinoma cells of various histological origins and showed synergistic effects with chemotherapeutic drugs. ABT-737-treated cells underwent an apoptotic cell death. ABT-737 and related BH3 mimetic drugs, alone or in combination, may thus be of value as a new therapeutic option for dedifferentiated thyroid carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Broecker-Preuss
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Laboratory Research, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany ; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, Germany
| | - Nina Becher-Boveleth
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Laboratory Research, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany ; Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan Müller
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Klaus Mann
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Laboratory Research, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany ; Center of Endocrinology Alter Hof München, Dienerstr. 12, Munich, Germany
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17
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Platinum-zoledronate complex blocks gastric cancer cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10981-92. [PMID: 26891667 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4977-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel dinuclear platinum complexes based on the bisphosphonate ligands have been synthesized and characterized in our recent study. For the purpose of discovering the pharmacology and action mechanisms of this kind of compounds, the most potent compound [Pt(en)]2ZL was selected for systematic investigation. In the present study, the inhibition effect on the human gastric cancer cell lines SGC7901 and action mechanism of [Pt(en)]2ZL were investigated. The traditional 3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2,5-diphenyl-2-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and colony formation assay were carried out to study the effect of [Pt(en)]2ZL on the cell viability and proliferation capacity, respectively. The senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining and immunofluorescence staining were also performed to assess the cell senescence and microtubule polymerization. Fluorescence staining and flow cytometry (FCM) were used to monitor the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis, and Western blot analysis was applied to examine the expression of several apoptosis-related proteins. The results demonstrated that [Pt(en)]2ZL exhibited remarkable cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative effects on the SGC7901 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and it also induced cell senescence and abnormal microtubule assembly. The cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest induced by [Pt(en)]2ZL were also observed with the fluorescence staining and FCM. The expressions of cell cycle regulators (p53, p21, cyclin D1, cyclin E, and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2) and apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), and survivin) were regulated by the treatment of [Pt(en)]2ZL, resulting in the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Therefore, [Pt(en)]2ZL exerted anti-tumor effect on the gastric cancer via inducing cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase and apoptosis.
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18
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Guha G, Lu W, Li S, Liang X, Kulesz-Martin MF, Mahmud T, Indra AK, Ganguli-Indra G. Novel Pactamycin Analogs Induce p53 Dependent Cell-Cycle Arrest at S-Phase in Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125322. [PMID: 25938491 PMCID: PMC4418703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pactamycin, although putatively touted as a potent antitumor agent, has never been used as an anticancer drug due to its high cytotoxicity. In this study, we characterized the effects of two novel biosynthetically engineered analogs of pactamycin, de-6MSA-7-demethyl-7-deoxypactamycin (TM-025) and 7-demethyl-7-deoxypactamycin (TM-026), in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines SCC25 and SCC104. Both TM-025 and TM-026 exert growth inhibitory effects on HNSCC cells by inhibiting cell proliferation. Interestingly, unlike their parent compound pactamycin, the analogs do not inhibit synthesis of nascent protein in a cell-based assay. Furthermore, they do not induce apoptosis or autophagy in a dose- or a time-dependent manner, but induce mild senescence in the tested cell lines. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated that both analogs significantly induce cell cycle arrest of the HNSCC cells at S-phase resulting in reduced accumulation of G2/M-phase cells. The pactamycin analogs induce expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins including master regulator p53, its downstream target p21Cip1/WAF1, p27kip21, p19, cyclin E, total and phospho Cdc2 (Tyr15) and Cdc25C. Besides, the analogs mildly reduce cyclin D1 expression without affecting expression of cyclin B, Cdk2 and Cdk4. Specific inhibition of p53 by pifithrin-α reduces the percentage of cells accumulated in S-phase, suggesting contribution of p53 to S-phase increase. Altogether, our results demonstrate that Pactamycin analogs TM-025 and TM-026 induce senescence and inhibit proliferation of HNSCC cells via accumulation in S-phase through possible contribution of p53. The two PCT analogs can be widely used as research tools for cell cycle inhibition studies in proliferating cancer cells with specific mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan Guha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Wanli Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Xiaobo Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Molly F. Kulesz-Martin
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Taifo Mahmud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Arup Kumar Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- Environmental Health Science Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GGI); (AKI)
| | - Gitali Ganguli-Indra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GGI); (AKI)
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Baumgart T, Kriesen S, Neels O, Hildebrandt G, Manda K. Investigation of epothilone B-induced cell death mechanisms in human epithelial cancer cells -in consideration of combined treatment with ionizing radiation. Cancer Invest 2015; 33:213-24. [PMID: 25919223 DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2015.1020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Epothilone B was shown to have promising chemo- and radiosensitizing effects on cells, but the mechanisms underlying cell death remain ambiguous. The aim of the study was to examine selected cell death pathways on the basis of FaDu and A549 cells. Western blot analyses were used for investigation of specific apoptotic markers. Immunofluorescence imaging and flow cytometry were utilized for examination of cell death mechanisms. DNA-staining was used for studying influence of epothilone B on micronucleus rate. We showed that epothilone B can initiate cell death via apoptosis and mitotic catastrophe, but induction of cell death was cell type specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonja Baumgart
- 1Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centre Rostock , Rostock , Germany
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20
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Apoptosis resistance, mitotic catastrophe, and loss of ploidy control in Burkitt lymphoma. J Mol Med (Berl) 2014; 93:559-72. [PMID: 25548804 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-014-1242-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Resistance to cell death is the major cause of chemotherapy failure in most kinds of cancers, including Burkitt lymphoma (BL). When analyzing therapy resistance in Burkitt lymphoma (BL), we discovered a link between apoptosis resistance and ploidy control. We therefore studied systematically a panel of 15 BL lines for apoptosis induction upon treatment with microtubule inhibitors and compared three types of microtubule toxins, i.e., paclitaxel, nocodazole and vincristine. We found an inverse relationship between apoptosis sensitivity and ploidy control. Thus, cells resistant to paclitaxel- or nocodazole-induced apoptosis underwent mitotic catastrophe and developed polyploidy (>4N). Mechanistically, apoptosis resistance was linked to failure of caspase activation, which was most pronounced in cells lacking the pro-apoptotic multidomain Bcl-2 homologs Bax and Bak. Pharmacological caspase inhibition promoted polyploidy upon exposure to paclitaxel and nocodazole supporting the relationship between resistance to apoptosis and polyploidization. Of note, vincristine induced persistent mitotic arrest but no loss of ploidy control. Considering targets to facilitate Bax/Bak-independent cell death and to avoid drug-induced mitotic catastrophe and consecutive mitotic catastrophe should be of great importance to overcome therapy resistance and therapy-related events that result in ploidy changes and tumor progression. KEY MESSAGE Inverse relation of apoptosis and polyploidy induction by paclitaxel or nocodazole in BL. Resistant cells undergo mitotic catastrophe and develop polyploidy. Lack of Bax/Bak confers resistance and leads to induction of polyploidy in BL. Intact apoptosis response protects from polyploidy as a result of mitotic catastrophe.
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21
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He PX, Che YS, He QJ, Chen Y, Ding J. G226, a novel epipolythiodioxopiperazine derivative, induces autophagy and caspase-dependent apoptosis in human breast cancer cells in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2014; 35:1055-64. [PMID: 25066322 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2014.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of G226, a novel epipolythiodioxopiperazine derivative, on human breast cancer cells in vitro, and to explore its anticancer mechanisms. METHODS A panel of human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, MCF-7, ZR-75-30, BT474, BT549, SK-BR-3, T47D and HBL100) was examined. Cell proliferation was measured using sulforhodamine B assay, and cell apoptosis was detected with flow cytometry and caspase activity assay. Western blotting, immunofluorescence and targeted gene knockdowns were used to study autophagy in the cells. RESULTS G226 suppressed proliferation of the 9 breast cancer cell lines with a mean IC50 value of 48.5 nmol/L (the mean IC50 value of adriamycin, a reference compound, was 170.6 nmol/L). G226 induced dose-dependent apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells, accompanied by markedly increased activities of caspase-8 and caspase-3/7, which were abolished by caspase inhibitors zVAD or zIETD. G226 also induced mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, resulted in the caspase-9 activation. Moreover, G226 dose-dependently enhanced the autophagy marker LC3-II and autophagy substrate p62 accumulation in the cells, which were co-localized with caspase-8. Silencing of p62 or LC3 partially diminished caspase-8 and subsequent caspase-3 activation. LC3 silencing partially reversed G226-induced apoptosis, but p62 silencing elicited a subtle effect on G226-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION The novel epipolythiodioxopiperazine derivative G226 exerts potent anticancer action against human breast cancer cells in vitro, via triggering autophagy and caspase-dependent apoptosis.
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Chen X, Guo J, Bao J, Lu J, Wang Y. The anticancer properties of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen): a systematic review. Med Res Rev 2013; 34:768-94. [PMID: 24123144 DOI: 10.1002/med.21304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen in Chinese) is a classical Huoxue Huayu (a traditional Chinese medical term means promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis) herb with 1000 years of clinical application. It mainly contains two groups of ingredients: the hydrophilic phenolic acids and the lipophilic tanshinones. Both groups have demonstrated multiple bioactivities, such as antioxidative stress, antiplatelet aggregation, anti-inflammation, among others. Recent data have demonstrated that its lipophilic compounds, especially the tanshinones, show potent anticancer activities both in vitro and in vivo. The anticancer effects of the hydrophilic phenolic acids have also been reported. Furthermore, tanshinones provide structural skeletons for chemical modifications, allowing for a series of derivatives of interests. This review provides a systematic summary of the anticancer profile and the underlying mechanisms of the bioactive compounds isolated from Danshen with special emphasis on tanshinones, aiming to bring new insights for further research and development of this ancient herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
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23
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Polewska J, Skwarska A, Augustin E, Konopa J. DNA-Damaging Imidazoacridinone C-1311 Induces Autophagy followed by Irreversible Growth Arrest and Senescence in Human Lung Cancer Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013; 346:393-405. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.203851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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24
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Wang Y, Han C, Fang X, Shi X, Feng A, He K, Zhang S, Sun X. Effect of Kushen (Radix Sophorae flavescentes) extract on laryngeal neoplasm Hep2 cells. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2013; 33:218-22. [DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(13)60128-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Abstract
The p53 tumor suppressor protein plays a central role in mediating the cellular response to a variety of stresses. Activation of p53 signaling will trigger cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in normal cells, depending on such factors as cell type and genetic context. The ability of a cell to circumvent either of these p53-directed outcomes leads to inappropriate proliferation, thereby contributing to the development of cancer. As such, tumors frequently escape the apoptotic pathway in response to cell stress. DNA-damaging agents, however, achieve significant tumor cytotoxicity in spite of this hallmark characteristic. Tumors treated with DNA-damaging drugs often undergo alternate forms of cell death, such as senescence or mitotic catastrophe, in addition to apoptosis that may ultimately lead to regression. Although not a predictor of chemotherapy response in patients per se, p53 status in tumor-derived cells is frequently a determinant of the death pathway promoted by these agents. The cytotoxic effects of DNA-damaging agents can be readily appreciated using such tools as cell cycle analysis, phopsho-H3(Ser10) immunoblotting, and annexin V detection.
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Zhang JX, Qian D, Wang FW, Liao DZ, Wei JH, Tong ZT, Fu J, Huang XX, Liao YJ, Deng HX, Zeng YX, Xie D, Mai SJ. MicroRNA-29c enhances the sensitivities of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma to cisplatin-based chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Cancer Lett 2012; 329:91-8. [PMID: 23142283 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate the potential role of microRNA-29c (miR-29c) in regulating the sensitivities of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) to ionizing radiation (IR) and cisplatin. Low expression of miR-29c was positively associated with therapeutic resistance in 159 NPC cases. Our further in vitro and in vivo studies illustrated ectopic restoration of miR-29c substantially enhanced the sensitivity of NPC cells to IR and cisplatin treatment by promoting apoptosis. Furthermore, we detected miR-29c repressed expression of anti-apoptotic factors, Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 in NPC tissues and cell lines. These data indicate miR-29c might serve as a potential therapeutic sensitizer in NPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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27
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Lowes LE, Hedley BD, Keeney M, Allan AL. User-defined protein marker assay development for characterization of circulating tumor cells using the CellSearch® system. Cytometry A 2012; 81:983-95. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Králová V, Benešová S, Cervinka M, Rudolf E. Selenite-induced apoptosis and autophagy in colon cancer cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2011; 26:258-68. [PMID: 22200533 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2011.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Sodium selenite (Se) is known to induce diverse stress responses in malignant cells which may lead to various types of cell death including apoptosis and/or autophagy. In colon cancer cells, Se activates several signaling pathways whose interactions and ultimate endpoints may vary in individual study models. In our previous work we showed differences in Se-dependent growth inhibition, cell cycle alterations and apoptosis in colon cancer cells with functional (HCT-116) and deleted (HCT-116-p53KO) p53. Moreover, detailed morphological and biochemical analyses revealed the presence of autophagy in Se-treated cells. Thus the aim of this study was to investigate in detail mechanisms, relationship and crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy in Se-treated HCT-116 cancer cells differing in p53 status since p53 has been shown to play a well-known role in apoptosis but dichotomous role in autophagy. We report that the absence of p53 in malignant colonocytes changes patterns of response to Se-induced stress which include differential activation of MAP kinases (p38 - HCT-116 and JNK - HCT-116 p53KO) including their respective roles in the process of apoptosis and autophagy as well as the involvement of mTOR or PI3K signaling. Our results seem to suggest that deletion of p53 inevitably leads to a higher level of instability and delays in an individual cell decision in the face of stress whether to activate apoptosis or autophagy which may consequently occur simultaneously with mutual dichotomous relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Věra Králová
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Simkova 870, 500 38 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Morales AG, Brassesco MS, Pezuk JA, Oliveira JC, Montaldi AP, Sakamoto-Hojo ET, Scrideli CA, Tone LG. BI 2536-mediated PLK1 inhibition suppresses HOS and MG-63 osteosarcoma cell line growth and clonogenicity. Anticancer Drugs 2011; 22:995-1001. [PMID: 21822121 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e32834a16d4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone, which frequently occurs in the second decade of life. Despite the improvements in neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the outcome of patients with chemoresistant or metastatic tumors is still poor. Therefore, there is a need for the development of more efficient therapeutic agents. BI 2536, an innovative selective inhibitor of Polo-like kinase 1, has shown anticancer potential promoting mitotic arrest and apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells, including osteosarcoma. Here, we present more evidence of the antiproliferative effects of BI 2536 on HOS and MG-63 osteosarcoma cell lines. Our results showed that nanomolar concentrations (10, 50, and 100 nmol/l) of the drug significantly decreased cell proliferation and clonogenic capacity, inducing mitotic arrest and aneuploidy. Interestingly, although BI 2536 mediated a moderate increase of apoptosis after 48 h in HOS cells, no increased caspase-3 activity was detected for MG-63 cells. In contrast to previous studies, we show that perturbation of normal mitotic progression by BI 2536 in these osteosarcoma cell lines results in caspase-independent mitotic catastrophe followed by necrosis. Our findings reinforce the likelihood of directing against Polo-like kinase 1 as a therapeutic option in the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa G Morales
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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30
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Notte A, Leclere L, Michiels C. Autophagy as a mediator of chemotherapy-induced cell death in cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:427-34. [PMID: 21704023 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Since the 1940s, chemotherapy has been the treatment of choice for metastatic disease. Chemotherapeutic agents target proliferating cells, inducing cell death. For most of the history of chemotherapy, apoptosis was thought to be the only mechanism of drug-induced cell death. More recently, a second type of cell death pathway has emerged: autophagy, also called type II programmed cell death. Autophagy is a tightly regulated process by which selected components of a cell are degraded. It primarily functions as a cell survival adaptive mechanism during stress conditions. However, persistent stress can also promote extensive autophagy, leading to cell death, hence its name. Alterations in the autophagy pathway have been described in cancer cells that suggest a tumor-suppressive function in early tumorigenesis, but a tumor-promoting function in established tumors. Moreover, accumulating data indicate a role for autophagy in chemotherapy-induced cancer cell death. Here, we discuss some of the evidence showing autophagy-dependent cell death induced by anti-neoplastic agents in different cancer models. On the other hand, in some other examples, autophagy dampens treatment efficacy, hence providing a therapeutic target to enhance cancer cell killing. In this paper, we propose a putative mechanism that could reconcile these two opposite observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annick Notte
- URBC-NARILIS, University of Namur-FUNDP, 61 rue de Bruxelles, Namur, Belgium
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31
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Jiang Q, Wang Y, Li T, Shi K, Li Z, Ma Y, Li F, Luo H, Yang Y, Xu C. Heat shock protein 90-mediated inactivation of nuclear factor-κB switches autophagy to apoptosis through becn1 transcriptional inhibition in selenite-induced NB4 cells. Mol Biol Cell 2011; 22:1167-80. [PMID: 21346199 PMCID: PMC3078072 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e10-10-0860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy can protect cells while also contributing to cell damage, but the precise interplay between apoptosis and autophagy and the contribution of autophagy to cell death are still not clear. Previous studies have shown that supranutritional doses of sodium selenite promote apoptosis in human leukemia NB4 cells. Here, we report that selenite treatment triggers opposite patterns of autophagy in the NB4, HL60, and Jurkat leukemia cell lines during apoptosis and provide evidence that the suppressive effect of selenite on autophagy in NB4 cells is due to the decreased expression of the chaperone protein Hsp90 (heat shock protein 90), suggesting a novel regulatory function of Hsp90 in apoptosis and autophagy. Excessive or insufficient expression indicates that Hsp90 protects NB4 cells from selenite-induced apoptosis, and selenite-induced decreases in the expression of Hsp90, especially in NB4 cells, inhibit the activities of the IκB kinase/nuclear factor-κB (IKK/NF-κB) signaling pathway, leading to less nuclear translocation and inactivation of NF-κB and the subsequent weak binding of the becn1 promoter, which facilitates the transition from autophagy to apoptosis. Taken together, our observations provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying the balance between apoptosis and autophagy, and we also identified Hsp90-NF-κB-Beclin1 as a potential biological pathway for signaling the switch from autophagy to apoptosis in selenite-treated NB4 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiang
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Institute of Basic Medicine Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Institute of Basic Medicine Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Tianjiao Li
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Institute of Basic Medicine Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Kejian Shi
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Institute of Basic Medicine Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Zhushi Li
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Institute of Basic Medicine Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yushi Ma
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Institute of Basic Medicine Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Feng Li
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Institute of Basic Medicine Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Hui Luo
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Institute of Basic Medicine Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yang Yang
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Institute of Basic Medicine Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Caimin Xu
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Institute of Basic Medicine Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
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Lai SK, Wong CH, Lee YP, Li HY. Caspase-3-mediated degradation of condensin Cap-H regulates mitotic cell death. Cell Death Differ 2010; 18:996-1004. [PMID: 21151026 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2010.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitotic death is a major form of cell death in cancer cells that have been treated with chemotherapeutic drugs. However, the mechanisms underlying this form of cell death is poorly understood. Here, we report that the loss of chromosome integrity is an important determinant of mitotic death. During prolonged mitotic arrest, caspase-3 is activated and it cleaves Cap-H, a subunit of condensin I. The depletion of Cap-H results in the loss of condensin I complex at the chromosomes, thus affecting the integrity of the chromosomes. Consequently, DNA fragmentation by caspase-activated DNase is facilitated, thus driving the cell towards mitotic death. By expressing a caspase-resistant form of Cap-H, mitotic death is abrogated and the cells are able to reenter interphase after a long mitotic delay. Taken together, we provide new insights into the molecular events that occur during mitotic death.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-K Lai
- Division of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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33
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Harnessing the complexity of DNA-damage response pathways to improve cancer treatment outcomes. Oncogene 2010; 29:6085-98. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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34
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Expression of coxsackie and adenovirus receptor distinguishes transitional cancer states in therapy-induced cellular senescence. Cell Death Dis 2010; 1:e70. [PMID: 21364674 PMCID: PMC3032339 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2010.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Therapy-induced cellular senescence describes the phenomenon of cell cycle arrest that can be invoked in cancer cells in response to chemotherapy. Sustained proliferative arrest is often overcome as a contingent of senescent tumor cells can bypass this cell cycle restriction. The mechanism regulating cell cycle re-entry of senescent cancer cells remains poorly understood. This is the first report of the isolation and characterization of two distinct transitional states in chemotherapy-induced senescent cells that share indistinguishable morphological senescence phenotypes and are functionally classified by their ability to escape cell cycle arrest. It has been observed that cell surface expression of coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) is downregulated in cancer cells treated with chemotherapy. We show the novel use of surface CAR expression and adenoviral transduction to differentiate senescent states and also show in vivo evidence of CAR downregulation in colorectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation. This study suggests that CAR is a candidate biomarker for senescence response to antitumor therapy, and CAR expression can be used to distinguish transitional states in early senescence to study fundamental regulatory events in therapy-induced senescence.
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Tan ML, Choong PF, Dass CR. Anti-chondrosarcoma effects of PEDF mediated via molecules important to apoptosis, cell cycling, adhesion and invasion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 398:613-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.05.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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36
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Chk1 inhibitor Gö6976 enhances the sensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Lett 2010; 297:190-7. [PMID: 20619533 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2010.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor. This type of carcinoma has a low 5-year patient survival rate. Thus, there is a need for improved therapeutics. We determined that the Chk1 inhibitor Gö6976 enhanced the sensitivity of CNE1 and CNE2 cells to ionizing radiation (IR) or cisplatin by abrogating S and G(2)/M arrest and subsequently promoting apoptosis. Furthermore, Gö6976 appeared to sensitize NPC xenografts in nude mice to IR or cisplatin treatment. This is the first report to show that the Chk1 inhibitor Gö6976 sensitizes NPC cells to treatment using in vitro and in vivo models.
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Dreifuss AA, Bastos-Pereira AL, Avila TV, Soley BDS, Rivero AJ, Aguilar JL, Acco A. Antitumoral and antioxidant effects of a hydroalcoholic extract of cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa) (Willd. Ex Roem. & Schult) in an in vivo carcinosarcoma model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 130:127-133. [PMID: 20435132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2010] [Revised: 04/05/2010] [Accepted: 04/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The present work intended to study the antitumoral and antioxidant effects of Uncaria tomentosa (UT) hydroalcoholic extract in the Walker-256 cancer model. METHODS AND MATERIALS Walker-256 cells were subcutaneously inoculated in the pelvic limb of male Wistar rats. Daily gavage with UT extract (10, 50 or 100 mg kg(-1), Groups UT) or saline solution (Control, Group C) was subsequently initiated, until 14 days afterwards. For some parameters, a group of healthy rats (Baseline, Group B) was added. At the end of treatment the following parameters were evaluated: (a) tumor volume and mass; (b) plasmatic concentration of urea, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH); (c) hepatic and tumoral activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as the rate of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and gluthatione (GSH); and (d) hepatic glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity. The reactivity of UT extract with the stable free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was assessed in parallel. RESULTS UT hydroalcoholic extract successfully reduced the tumor growth. In addition, treatment with UT reduced the activity of AST, which had been increased as a result of tumor inoculation, thus attempting to return it to normal levels. UT did not reverse the increase of LDH and GGT plasma levels, although all doses were remarkably effective in reducing urea plasma levels. An important in vitro free radical-scavenging activity was detected at various concentrations of UT extract (1-300 microg mL(-1)). Treatment also resulted in increased CAT activity in liver, while decreasing it in tumor tissue. SOD activity was reduced in liver as well as in tumor, compared to Group C. No statistical significance concerning ALT, GST, LPO or GSH were observed. CONCLUSIONS This data represent an in vivo demonstration of both antitumoral and antioxidant effects of UT hydroalcoholic extract. The antineoplastic activity may result, partially at least, from the ability of UT to regulate redox and metabolism homeostasis.
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