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Zalaquett NG, Salameh E, Kim JM, Ghanbarian E, Tawk K, Abouzari M. The Dawn and Advancement of the Knowledge of the Genetics of Migraine. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2701. [PMID: 38731230 PMCID: PMC11084801 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13092701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Migraine is a prevalent episodic brain disorder known for recurrent attacks of unilateral headaches, accompanied by complaints of photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, and vomiting. Two main categories of migraine are migraine with aura (MA) and migraine without aura (MO). Main body: Early twin and population studies have shown a genetic basis for these disorders, and efforts have been invested since to discern the genes involved. Many techniques, including candidate-gene association studies, loci linkage studies, genome-wide association, and transcription studies, have been used for this goal. As a result, several genes were pinned with concurrent and conflicting data among studies. It is important to understand the evolution of techniques and their findings. Conclusions: This review provides a chronological understanding of the different techniques used from the dawn of migraine genetic investigations and the genes linked with the migraine subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader G. Zalaquett
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon
| | - Elio Salameh
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107, Lebanon
| | - Jonathan M. Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Elham Ghanbarian
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Karen Tawk
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Mehdi Abouzari
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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Harder AV, Terwindt GM, Nyholt DR, van den Maagdenberg AM. Migraine genetics: Status and road forward. Cephalalgia 2023; 43:3331024221145962. [PMID: 36759319 DOI: 10.1177/03331024221145962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine is considered a multifactorial genetic disorder. Different platforms and methods are used to unravel the genetic basis of migraine. Initially, linkage analysis in multigenerational families followed by Sanger sequencing of protein-coding parts (exons) of genes in the genomic region shared by affected family members identified high-effect risk DNA mutations for rare Mendelian forms of migraine, foremost hemiplegic migraine. More recently, genome-wide association studies testing millions of DNA variants in large groups of patients and controls have proven successful in identifying many dozens of low-effect risk DNA variants for the more common forms of migraine with the number of associated DNA variants increasing steadily with larger sample sizes. Currently, next-generation sequencing, utilising whole exome and whole genome sequence data, and other omics data are being used to facilitate their functional interpretation and the discovery of additional risk factors. Various methods and analysis tools, such as genetic correlation and causality analysis, are used to further characterise genetic risk factors. FINDINGS We describe recent findings in genome-wide association studies and next-generation sequencing analysis in migraine. We show that the combined results of the two most recent and most powerful migraine genome-wide association studies have identified a total of 178 LD-independent (r2 < 0.1) genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), of which 99 were unique to Hautakangas et al., 11 were unique to Choquet et al., and 68 were identified by both studies. When considering that Choquet et al. also identified three SNPs in a female-specific genome-wide association studies then these two recent studies identified 181 independent SNPs robustly associated with migraine. Cross-trait and causal analyses are beginning to identify and characterise specific biological factors that contribute to migraine risk and its comorbid conditions. CONCLUSION This review provides a timely update and overview of recent genetic findings in migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aster Ve Harder
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gisela M Terwindt
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dale R Nyholt
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, and Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Arn Mjm van den Maagdenberg
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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3
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Multi-omics to predict changes during cold pressor test. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:759. [PMCID: PMC9675059 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08981-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The cold pressor test (CPT) is a widely used pain provocation test to investigate both pain tolerance and cardiovascular responses. We hypothesize, that performing multi-omic analyses during CPT gives the opportunity to home in on molecular mechanisms involved. Twenty-two females were phenotypically assessed before and after a CPT, and blood samples were taken. RNA-Sequencing, steroid profiling and untargeted metabolomics were performed. Each ‘omic level was analyzed separately at both single-feature and systems-level (principal component [PCA] and partial least squares [PLS] regression analysis) and all ‘omic levels were combined using an integrative multi-omics approach, all using the paired-sample design. Results We showed that PCA was not able to discriminate time points, while PLS did significantly distinguish time points using metabolomics and/or transcriptomic data, but not using conventional physiological measures. Transcriptomic and metabolomic data revealed at feature-, systems- and integrative- level biologically relevant processes involved during CPT, e.g. lipid metabolism and stress response. Conclusion Multi-omics strategies have a great potential in pain research, both at feature- and systems- level. Therefore, they should be exploited in intervention studies, such as pain provocation tests, to gain knowledge on the biological mechanisms involved in complex traits. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08981-z.
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Genetic overlap between temporomandibular disorders and primary headaches: A systematic review. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2022; 58:69-88. [PMID: 35242249 PMCID: PMC8881721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary headache disorders (PHD), specifically migraine, are strongly associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMD), sharing some patterns of orofacial pain. Both disorders have significant genetic contributions already studied. PRISMA guidelines were followed to conduct this systematic review, which comprehensively summarize and discuss the genetic overlap between TMD and PHD to aid future research in potential therapy targets. This review included eight original articles published between 2015 and 2020, written in English and related to either TMD and/or PHD. The genes simultaneously assessed in PHD and TMD studies were COMT, MTHFR, and ESR1. COMT was proved to play a critical role in TMD pathogenesis, as all studies have concluded about its impact on the occurrence of the disease, although no association with PHD was found. No proof on the impact of MTHFR gene regulation on either TMD or PHD was found. The most robust results are concerning the ESR1 gene, which is present in the genetic profile of both clinical conditions. This novel systematic review highlights not only the need for a clear understanding of the role of ESR1 and COMT genes in pain pathogenesis, but it also evaluates their potential as a promising therapeutic target to treat both pathologies.
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5
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Role of Omics in Migraine Research and Management: A Narrative Review. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:5809-5834. [PMID: 35796901 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02930-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Migraine is a neurological disorder defined by episodic attacks of chronic pain associated with nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia. It is known to be a complex disease with several environmental and genetic factors contributing to its susceptibility. Risk factors for migraine include head or neck injury (Arnold, Cephalalgia 38(1):1-211, 2018). Stress and high temperature are known to trigger migraine, while sleep disorders and anxiety are considered to be the comorbid conditions with migraine. Studies have reported various biomarkers, including genetic variants, proteins, and metabolites implicated in migraine's pathophysiology. Using the "omics" approach, which deals with genetics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, more specific biomarkers for various migraine can be identified. On account of its multifactorial nature, migraine is an ideal study model focusing on integrated omics approaches, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. The current review has been compiled with an aim to focus on the genomic alterations especially involved in the regulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission, cortical excitability, ion channels, solute carrier proteins, or receptors; their expression in migraine patients and also specific proteins and metabolites, including some inflammatory biomarkers that might represent the migraine phenotype at the molecular level. The systems biology approach holds the promise to understand the pathophysiology of the disease at length and also to identify the specific therapeutic targets for novel interventions.
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6
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A review of migraine genetics: gathering genomic and transcriptomic factors. Hum Genet 2021; 141:1-14. [PMID: 34686893 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02389-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Migraine is a common and complex neurologic disorder that affects approximately 15-18% of the general population. Although the cause of migraine is unknown, some genetic studies have focused on unravelling rare and common variants underlying the pathophysiological mechanisms of this disorder. This review covers the advances in the last decade on migraine genetics, throughout the history of genetic methodologies used, including recent application of next-generation sequencing techniques. A thorough review of the literature interweaves the genomic and transcriptomic factors that will allow a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying migraine pathophysiology, concluding with the clinical utility landscape of genetic information and future consideration to creating a new frontier toward advancing the field of personalized medicine.
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7
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Aczél T, Körtési T, Kun J, Urbán P, Bauer W, Herczeg R, Farkas R, Kovács K, Vásárhelyi B, Karvaly GB, Gyenesei A, Tuka B, Tajti J, Vécsei L, Bölcskei K, Helyes Z. Identification of disease- and headache-specific mediators and pathways in migraine using blood transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis. J Headache Pain 2021; 22:117. [PMID: 34615455 PMCID: PMC8493693 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-021-01285-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent data suggest that gene expression profiles of peripheral white blood cells can reflect changes in the brain. We aimed to analyze the transcriptome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and changes of plasma metabolite levels of migraineurs in a self-controlled manner during and between attacks. METHODS Twenty-four patients with migraine were recruited and blood samples were collected in a headache-free (interictal) period and during headache (ictal) to investigate disease- and headache-specific alterations. Control samples were collected from 13 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. RNA was isolated from PBMCs and single-end 75 bp RNA sequencing was performed using Illumina NextSeq 550 instrument followed by gene-level differential expression analysis. Functional analysis was carried out on information related to the role of genes, such as signaling pathways and biological processes. Plasma metabolomic measurement was performed with the Biocrates MxP Quant 500 Kit. RESULTS We identified 144 differentially-expressed genes in PBMCs between headache and headache-free samples and 163 between symptom-free patients and controls. Network analysis revealed that enriched pathways included inflammation, cytokine activity and mitochondrial dysfunction in both headache and headache-free samples compared to controls. Plasma lactate, succinate and methionine sulfoxide levels were higher in migraineurs while spermine, spermidine and aconitate were decreased during attacks. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that enhanced inflammatory and immune cell activity, and oxidative stress can play a role in migraine susceptibility and headache generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timea Aczél
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - Tamás Körtési
- Department of Neurology, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, Szeged, H-6725, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, Szeged, H-6725, Hungary
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Temesvári krt. 31, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary
| | - József Kun
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - Péter Urbán
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - Witold Bauer
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - Róbert Herczeg
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - Róbert Farkas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Kovács
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary
| | - Barna Vásárhelyi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary
| | - Gellért B Karvaly
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary
| | - Attila Gyenesei
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 20, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Tuka
- Department of Neurology, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, Szeged, H-6725, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, Szeged, H-6725, Hungary
| | - János Tajti
- Department of Neurology, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, Szeged, H-6725, Hungary
| | - László Vécsei
- Department of Neurology, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, Szeged, H-6725, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, Szeged, H-6725, Hungary
| | - Kata Bölcskei
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, Pécs, H-7624, Hungary.
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8
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Harder AVE, Winsvold BS, Noordam R, Vijfhuizen LS, Børte S, Kogelman LJA, de Boer I, Tronvik E, Rosendaal FR, Willems van Dijk K, O'Connor E, Fourier C, Thomas LF, Kristoffersen ES, Fronczek R, Pozo-Rosich P, Jensen RH, Ferrari MD, Hansen TF, Zwart JA, Terwindt GM, van den Maagdenberg AMJM. Genetic Susceptibility Loci in Genomewide Association Study of Cluster Headache. Ann Neurol 2021; 90:203-216. [PMID: 34180076 PMCID: PMC8362054 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective Identifying common genetic variants that confer genetic risk for cluster headache. Methods We conducted a case–control study in the Dutch Leiden University Cluster headache neuro‐Analysis program (LUCA) study population (n = 840) and unselected controls from the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity Study (NEO; n = 1,457). Replication was performed in a Norwegian sample of 144 cases from the Trondheim Cluster headache sample and 1,800 controls from the Nord‐Trøndelag Health Survey (HUNT). Gene set and tissue enrichment analyses, blood cell‐derived RNA‐sequencing of genes around the risk loci and linkage disequilibrium score regression were part of the downstream analyses. Results An association was found with cluster headache for 4 independent loci (r2 < 0.1) with genomewide significance (p < 5 × 10−8), rs11579212 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.33–1.72 near RP11‐815 M8.1), rs6541998 (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.37–1.74 near MERTK), rs10184573 (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.26–1.61 near AC093590.1), and rs2499799 (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.54–0.73 near UFL1/FHL5), collectively explaining 7.2% of the variance of cluster headache. SNPs rs11579212, rs10184573, and rs976357, as proxy SNP for rs2499799 (r2 = 1.0), replicated in the Norwegian sample (p < 0.05). Gene‐based mapping yielded ASZ1 as possible fifth locus. RNA‐sequencing indicated differential expression of POLR1B and TMEM87B in cluster headache patients. Interpretation This genomewide association study (GWAS) identified and replicated genetic risk loci for cluster headache with effect sizes larger than those typically seen in complex genetic disorders. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:203–216
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Affiliation(s)
- Aster V E Harder
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bendik S Winsvold
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lisanne S Vijfhuizen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sigrid Børte
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lisette J A Kogelman
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Irene de Boer
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erling Tronvik
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,National Advisory Unit on Headaches, Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Emer O'Connor
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,Neurogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,Headache and Facial Pain Group, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Carmen Fourier
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laurent F Thomas
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,BioCore - Bioinformatics Core Facility, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Espen S Kristoffersen
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of General Practice, HELSAM, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | | | - Rolf Fronczek
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Pozo-Rosich
- Headache Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,España Unidad de Cefalea, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rigmor H Jensen
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Michel D Ferrari
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas F Hansen
- Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - John-Anker Zwart
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gisela M Terwindt
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arn M J M van den Maagdenberg
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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9
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Kogelman LJA, Falkenberg K, Buil A, Erola P, Courraud J, Laursen SS, Michoel T, Olesen J, Hansen TF. Changes in the gene expression profile during spontaneous migraine attacks. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8294. [PMID: 33859262 PMCID: PMC8050061 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87503-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Migraine attacks are delimited, allowing investigation of changes during and outside attack. Gene expression fluctuates according to environmental and endogenous events and therefore, we hypothesized that changes in RNA expression during and outside a spontaneous migraine attack exist which are specific to migraine. Twenty-seven migraine patients were assessed during a spontaneous migraine attack, including headache characteristics and treatment effect. Blood samples were taken during attack, two hours after treatment, on a headache-free day and after a cold pressor test. RNA-Sequencing, genotyping, and steroid profiling were performed. RNA-Sequences were analyzed at gene level (differential expression analysis) and at network level, and genomic and transcriptomic data were integrated. We found 29 differentially expressed genes between 'attack' and 'after treatment', after subtracting non-migraine specific genes, that were functioning in fatty acid oxidation, signaling pathways and immune-related pathways. Network analysis revealed mechanisms affected by changes in gene interactions, e.g. 'ion transmembrane transport'. Integration of genomic and transcriptomic data revealed pathways related to sumatriptan treatment, i.e. '5HT1 type receptor mediated signaling pathway'. In conclusion, we uniquely investigated intra-individual changes in gene expression during a migraine attack. We revealed both genes and pathways potentially involved in the pathophysiology of migraine and/or migraine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette J A Kogelman
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.
| | - Katrine Falkenberg
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Alfonso Buil
- Institute for Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Pau Erola
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Julie Courraud
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Statens Serum Institute Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susan Svane Laursen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Statens Serum Institute Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tom Michoel
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jes Olesen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Thomas F Hansen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.
- Institute for Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, Roskilde, Denmark.
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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10
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Ebahimzadeh K, Gholipour M, Samadian M, Taheri M, Ghafouri-Fard S. A Comprehensive Review on the Role of Genetic Factors in the Pathogenesis of Migraine. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 71:1987-2006. [PMID: 33447900 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01788-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Migraine is a common neurovascular condition. This disorder has a complex genetic background. Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or mutations within genes regulating glutamatergic neurotransmission, cortical excitability, ion channels, and solute carriers have been associated with polygenic and monogenic forms of migraine. SNPs within ACE, DBH, TRPM8, COMT, GABRQ, CALCA, TRPV1, and other genes have been reported to affect the risk of migraine or the associated clinical parameters. The distribution of some HLA alleles within the HLA-DRB1, HLA-DR2, HLA-B, and HLA-C regions have also been found to differ between migraineurs and healthy subjects. In addition, certain mitochondrial DNA changes and polymorphisms in this region have been shown to increase the risk of migraine. A few functional studies have investigated the molecular mechanisms contributing to these genetic factors in the development of migraine. Here we review studies evaluating the role of genetic polymorphisms and mRNA/miRNA dysregulation in migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Ebahimzadeh
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Samadian
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang G, Xu S, Yuan Z, Shen L. Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis Identifies Specific Modules and Hub Genes Related to Major Depression. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:703-713. [PMID: 32214815 PMCID: PMC7079285 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s244452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite advances in characterizing the neurobiology of emotional disorders, there is still a significant lack of scientific understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms governing major depressive disorder (MDD). This study attempted to elucidate the molecular circuitry of MDD and to identify more potential genes associated with the pathogenesis of the disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS Microarray data from the GSE98793 dataset were downloaded from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including 128 patients with MDD and 64 healthy controls. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to find modules of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with high correlations followed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses to obtain further biological insight into the top three key modules. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, the modules from the PPI network, and the gene annotation enrichment of modules were analyzed, as well. RESULTS We filtered 3276 genes that were considered significant DEGs for further WGCNA analysis. By performing WGCNA, we found that the turquoise, blue and brown functional modules were all strongly correlated with MDD development, including immune response, neutrophil degranulation, ribosome biogenesis, T cell activation, glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic process, and protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity. Hub genes were identified in the key functional modules that might have a role in the progression of MDD. Functional annotation showed that these modules primarily enriched such KEGG pathways as the TNF signaling pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway, primary immunodeficiency, Th1, Th2 and Th17 cell differentiation, autophagy and RNA degradation and oxidative phosphorylation. These results suggest that these genes are closely related to autophagy and cellular immune function. CONCLUSION The results of this study may help to elucidate the pathophysiology of MDD development at the molecular level and explore the potential molecular mechanisms for new interventional strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyin Zhang
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixin Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Traditional Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome; Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Yuan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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