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Ku AW, Muhitch JB, Powers CA, Diehl M, Kim M, Fisher DT, Sharda AP, Clements VK, O'Loughlin K, Minderman H, Messmer MN, Ma J, Skitzki JJ, Steeber DA, Walcheck B, Ostrand-Rosenberg S, Abrams SI, Evans SS. Tumor-induced MDSC act via remote control to inhibit L-selectin-dependent adaptive immunity in lymph nodes. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27929373 PMCID: PMC5199197 DOI: 10.7554/elife.17375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) contribute to an immunosuppressive network that drives cancer escape by disabling T cell adaptive immunity. The prevailing view is that MDSC-mediated immunosuppression is restricted to tissues where MDSC co-mingle with T cells. Here we show that splenic or, unexpectedly, blood-borne MDSC execute far-reaching immune suppression by reducing expression of the L-selectin lymph node (LN) homing receptor on naïve T and B cells. MDSC-induced L-selectin loss occurs through a contact-dependent, post-transcriptional mechanism that is independent of the major L-selectin sheddase, ADAM17, but results in significant elevation of circulating L-selectin in tumor-bearing mice. Even moderate deficits in L-selectin expression disrupt T cell trafficking to distant LN. Furthermore, T cells preconditioned by MDSC have diminished responses to subsequent antigen exposure, which in conjunction with reduced trafficking, severely restricts antigen-driven expansion in widely-dispersed LN. These results establish novel mechanisms for MDSC-mediated immunosuppression that have unanticipated implications for systemic cancer immunity. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17375.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy W Ku
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, United States
| | - Jason B Muhitch
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, United States.,Department of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, United States
| | - Colin A Powers
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, United States
| | - Michael Diehl
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, United States
| | - Minhyung Kim
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, United States
| | - Daniel T Fisher
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, United States.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, United States
| | - Anand P Sharda
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, United States
| | - Virginia K Clements
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, United States
| | - Kieran O'Loughlin
- Flow and Image Cytometry, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, United States
| | - Hans Minderman
- Flow and Image Cytometry, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, United States
| | - Michelle N Messmer
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, United States
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, United States
| | - Joseph J Skitzki
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, United States
| | - Douglas A Steeber
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, United States
| | - Bruce Walcheck
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, United States
| | - Suzanne Ostrand-Rosenberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, United States
| | - Scott I Abrams
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, United States
| | - Sharon S Evans
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, United States
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2
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Gandhi R, Yi J, Ha J, Shi H, Ismail O, Nathoo S, Bonventre JV, Zhang X, Gunaratnam L. Accelerated receptor shedding inhibits kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1)-mediated efferocytosis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 307:F205-21. [PMID: 24829508 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00638.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient clearance of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) prevents inflammation and permits repair following tissue injury. Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is a receptor for phosphatidylserine, an "eat-me" signal exposed on the surface of apoptotic cells that marks them for phagocytic clearance. KIM-1 is upregulated on proximal tubule epithelial cells (PTECs) during ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI), enabling efferocytosis by surviving PTECs. KIM-1 is spontaneously cleaved at its ectodomain region to generate a soluble fragment that serves a sensitive and specific biomarker for AKI, but the biological relevance of KIM-1 shedding is unknown. Here, we sought to determine how KIM-1 shedding might regulate efferocytosis. Using cells that endogenously and exogenously express KIM-1, we found that hydrogen peroxide-mediated oxidative injury or PMA treatment accelerated KIM-1 shedding in a dose-dependent manner. KIM-1 shedding was also accelerated when apoptotic cells were added. Accelerated shedding or the presence of excess soluble KIM-1 in the extracellular milieu significantly inhibited efferocytosis. We also identified that TNF-α-converting enzyme (TACE or ADAM17) mediates both the spontaneous and PMA-accelerated shedding of KIM-1. While accelerated shedding inhibited efferocytosis, we found that spontaneous KIM-1 cleavage does not affect the phagocytic efficiency of PTECs. Our results suggest that KIM-1 shedding is accelerated by worsening cellular injury, and excess soluble KIM-1 competitively inhibits efferocytosis. These findings may be important in AKI when there is severe cellular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushi Gandhi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplant Studies, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - James Yi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplant Studies, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jihyen Ha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hang Shi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Human Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Ola Ismail
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sahra Nathoo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph V Bonventre
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xizhong Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada; Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplant Studies, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lakshman Gunaratnam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada; Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplant Studies, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Human Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; and
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3
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Lee D, Schultz JB, Knauf PA, King MR. Mechanical shedding of L-selectin from the neutrophil surface during rolling on sialyl Lewis x under flow. J Biol Chem 2006; 282:4812-4820. [PMID: 17172469 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m609994200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of L-selectin expressed on leukocytes with endothelial cells leads to capture and rolling and is critical for the recruitment of leukocytes into sites of inflammation. It is known that leukocyte activation by chemoattractants, the change of osmotic pressure in cell media, or cross-linking of L-selectin all result in rapid shedding of L-selectin. Here we present a novel mechanism for surface cleavage of L-selectin on neutrophils during rolling on a sialyl Lewis x-coated surface that involves mechanical force. Flow cytometry and rolling of neutrophils labeled with Qdot(R)-L-selectin antibodies in an in vitro flow chamber showed that the mechanical shedding of L-selectin occurs during rolling and depends on the amount of shear applied. In addition, the mechanical L-selectin shedding causes an increase in cell rolling velocity with rolling duration, suggesting a gradual loss of L-selectin and is mediated by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. Thus, these data show that mechanical force induces the cleavage of L-selectin from the neutrophil surface during rolling and therefore decreases the adhesion of cells to a ligand-presenting surface in flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dooyoung Lee
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Joanne B Schultz
- Biochemistry and Biophysics, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Philip A Knauf
- Biochemistry and Biophysics, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Michael R King
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642; Chemical Engineering Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642; Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14642.
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Mowery P, Yang ZQ, Gordon EJ, Dwir O, Spencer AG, Alon R, Kiessling LL. Synthetic glycoprotein mimics inhibit L-selectin-mediated rolling and promote L-selectin shedding. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 11:725-32. [PMID: 15157883 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2004.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2003] [Revised: 03/05/2004] [Accepted: 03/11/2004] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
L-selectin is a leukocyte cell-surface protein that facilitates the rolling of leukocytes along the endothelium, a process that leads to leukocyte migration to a site of infection. Preventing L-selectin-mediated rolling minimizes leukocyte adhesion and extravasation; therefore, compounds that inhibit rolling may act as anti-inflammatory agents. To investigate the potential role of multivalent ligands as rolling inhibitors, compounds termed neoglycopolymers were synthesized that possess key structural features of physiological L-selectin ligands. Sulfated neoglycopolymers substituted with sialyl Lewis x derivatives (3',6-disulfo Lewis x or 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis x) or a sulfatide analog (3,6-disulfo galactose) inhibited L-selectin-mediated rolling of lymphoid cells. Functional analysis of the inhibitory ligands indicates that they also induce proteolytic release of L-selectin. Thus, their inhibitory potency may arise from their ability to induce shedding. Our data indicate that screening for compounds that promote L-selectin release can identify ligands that inhibit rolling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Mowery
- Department of Biochemistry, 433 Babcock Drive, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA
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Li X, Fan H. Loss of ectodomain shedding due to mutations in the metalloprotease and cysteine-rich/disintegrin domains of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme (TACE). J Biol Chem 2004; 279:27365-75. [PMID: 15075334 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m401690200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme (TACE), a multidomain protease essential for development and disease, releases the ectodomains from many transmembrane proteins in a regulated fashion. To understand the mechanism underlying the regulation of TACE activity, we sought to identify the cause of ectodomain shedding deficiencies in two mutated CHO sublines designated M1 and M2. Transfection of expression vectors for human and mouse TACE restored ectodomain shedding of TNF-alpha and TGF-alpha, suggesting that defects in the TACE gene contribute to the phenotype of M1 and M2 cells. The overall levels of endogenous TACE forms in M1 cells were significantly lower than those found in their parental cells, whereas only TACE zymogen, but not its mature form, was detectable in M2 cells. Molecular analyses suggested that M1 cells contained only one expressible TACE allele encoding an M435I point mutation in the catalytic center of the protease, and M2 cells produced two TACE variants with distinct point mutations in the catalytic domain (C225Y) and the cysteinerich/disintegrin domain (C600Y). Overexpression of the C225Y and C600Y TACE by transient transfection largely compensated for maturation defects in the variants but failed to restore TNF-alpha and TGF-alpha release in the shedding-defective CHO cell lines and fibroblasts derived from TACE-null mouse embryo. Further mutagenesis and functional analyses demonstrated that Cys(600) was absolutely essential for ectodomain shedding, suggesting that Cys(600), similar to Cys(225), participates in disulfide bonding, which is critical for both the processing and catalysis of TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Li
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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Weber PSD, Toelboell T, Chang LC, Tirrell JD, Saama PM, Smith GW, Burton JL. Mechanisms of glucocorticoid-induced down-regulation of neutrophil L-selectin in cattle: evidence for effects at the gene-expression level and primarily on blood neutrophils. J Leukoc Biol 2004; 75:815-27. [PMID: 14761937 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1003505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
One anti-inflammatory action of glucocorticoids is down-regulation of surface L-selectin on circulating neutrophils. However, it is unclear if this is a result of release of affected bone marrow neutrophils or if the steroid has direct effects on L-selectin expression in existing blood neutrophils. We recently demonstrated that circulating neutrophils from cattle with high blood concentrations of endogenous glucocorticoid had reduced L-selectin mRNA, suggesting that the steroid interrupted L-selectin gene expression. In the current study, dexamethasone (DEX) was administered to cattle in vivo, and blood and bone marrow neutrophils were studied simultaneously within the animal to determine which pool of cells responds to glucocorticoids with inhibited L-selectin expression. Purified blood neutrophils were also treated with DEX +/- RU486 in vitro, and glucocorticoid effects on L-selectin expression were determined. Our results indicate that glucocorticoid-induced suppression of L-selectin, which accompanies neutrophilia, is likely mediated by direct effects of glucocorticoid receptor activation on intracellular reservoirs of L-selectin mRNA and protein in cattle, predominantly in blood neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patty S D Weber
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Frydas S, Madhappan B, Kempuraj D. Some aspects of Parasitology and Immunology in general Medicine. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2002; 15:165-170. [PMID: 12575916 DOI: 10.1177/039463200201500302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of these studies is to review the role of some parasites and their components in inflammation, allergy and immune system. We also report recent results published by others group as well as our own.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Frydas
- Parasitology Dept. Veterinary Faculty, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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Di Napoli P, Taccardi AA, Grilli A, Felaco M, Di Gioacchino L, De Caterina R, Barsotti A. Verapamil reduces coronary endothelium damage and cardiomyocyte necrosis but not apoptosis after ischemia and reperfusion: ex-vivo study in rat hearts. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2002; 15:225-232. [PMID: 12575923 DOI: 10.1177/039463200201500309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis of beneficial effects of the calcium-blocker verapamil in a model of ischemia-reperfusion, and investigated its effects against coronary microcirculation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Isolated working rat hearts were subjected to 15 min global ischemia and 22-180 min reperfusion in the presence or absence of verapamil (0.25 &mgr;M). We evaluated creatinephosphokinase (CK) in coronary effluent, heart weight changes, microvascular permeability (extravasation of fluoresceine-labeled albumin), ultrastructural alterations, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis (by 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labelling technique). In this model, 0.25 &mgr;M verapamil significantly reduced myocardial damage, CK release and vascular hyperpermeability, concomitant with a reduction in endothelial and cardiomyocyte lesions; on the contrary, 0.25 &mgr;M verapamil was unable to reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In conclusion, in the absence of perfusing granulocytes, the acute administration of a pharmacologically relevant verapamil concentration reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury and prevents coronary endothelial cell and cardiomyocyte necrotic cell death but it is unable to reduce apoptotic cell death in isolated working rat hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Di Napoli
- Lab. Exp. Cardiology, University of Chieti, Italy
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Macrì MA, Di Luzio S, Di Luzio S. Biological effects of electromagnetic fields. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2002; 15:95-105. [PMID: 12590871 DOI: 10.1177/039463200201500204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, concerns about hazards from electromagnetic fields represent an alarming source for human lives in technologically developed countries. We are surrounded by electromagnetic fields everywhere we spend our working hours, rest or recreational activities. The aim of this review is to summarize the biological effects due to these fields arising from power and transmission lines, electrical cable splices, electronic devices inside our homes and work-places, distribution networks and associated devices such as cellular telephones and wireless communication tower, etc. Special care has been reserved to study the biological effects of electromagnetic fields on cell lines of the mammalian immune system about which our research group has been working for several years.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Macrì
- Dip. Medicina Sperimentale e Patologia, INFM, University of Rome, Italy
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