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Iwata T, Mizuno N, Ishida S, Kajiya M, Nagahara T, Kaneda-Ikeda E, Yoshioka M, Munenaga S, Ouhara K, Fujita T, Kawaguchi H, Kurihara H. Functional Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Senescence During Cell Passages. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:321-336. [PMID: 33559812 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-00969-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation is an effective periodontal regenerative therapy. MSCs are multipotent, have self-renewal ability, and can differentiate into periodontal cells. However, senescence is inevitable for MSCs. In vitro, cell senescence can be induced by long-term culture with/without cell passage. However, the regulatory mechanism of MSC senescence remains unclear. Undifferentiated MSC-specific transcription factors can regulate MSC function. Herein, we identified the regulatory transcription factors involved in MSC senescence and elucidated their mechanisms of action. We cultured human MSCs (hMSCs) with repetitive cell passages to induce cell senescence and evaluated the mRNA and protein expression of cell senescence-related genes. Additionally, we silenced the cell senescence-induced transcription factors, GATA binding protein 6 (GATA6) and SRY-box 11 (SOX11), and investigated senescence-related signaling pathways. With repeated passages, the number of senescent cells increased, while the cell proliferation capacity decreased; GATA6 mRNA expression was upregulated and that of SOX11 was downregulated. Repetitive cell passages decreased Wnt and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway-related gene expression. Silencing of GATA6 and SOX11 regulated Wnt and BMP signaling pathway-related genes and affected cell senescence-related genes; moreover, SOX11 silencing regulated GATA6 expression. Hence, we identified them as pair of regulatory transcription factors for cell senescence in hMSCs via the Wnt and BMP signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Iwata
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
| | - N Mizuno
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - S Ishida
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - M Kajiya
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - T Nagahara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - E Kaneda-Ikeda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - M Yoshioka
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - S Munenaga
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
- Department of General Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - K Ouhara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - T Fujita
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - H Kawaguchi
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
- Department of General Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - H Kurihara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
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2
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Kim GB, Shon OJ. Current perspectives in stem cell therapies for osteoarthritis of the knee. Yeungnam Univ J Med 2020; 37:149-158. [PMID: 32279478 PMCID: PMC7384917 DOI: 10.12701/yujm.2020.00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are emerging as an attractive option for osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint, due to their marked disease-modifying ability and chondrogenic potential. MSCs can be isolated from various organ tissues, such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, synovium, umbilical cord blood, and articular cartilage with similar phenotypic characteristics but different proliferation and differentiation potentials. They can be differentiated into a variety of connective tissues such as bone, adipose tissue, cartilage, intervertebral discs, ligaments, and muscles. Although several studies have reported on the clinical efficacy of MSCs in knee OA, the results lack consistency. Furthermore, there is no consensus regarding the proper cell dosage and application method to achieve the optimal effect of stem cells. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to review the characteristics of various type of stem cells in knee OA, especially MSCs. Moreover, we summarize the clinical issues faced during the application of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Beom Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Oog-Jin Shon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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3
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Speranza L, De Lutiis M, Shaik Y, Felaco M, Patruno A, Tetè A, Mastrangelo F, Madhappan B, Castellani M, Conti F, Vecchiet J, Theoharides T, Conti P, Grilli A. Localization and Activity of iNOS in Normal Human Lung Tissue and Lung Cancer Tissue. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 22:226-31. [DOI: 10.1177/172460080702200311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is one of three enzymes generating nitric oxide (NO) from the amino acid L-arginine. iNOS-derived NO plays an important role in several physiological and pathophysiological conditions. NO is a free radical which produces many reactive intermediates that account for its bioactivity. In the human lung, the alveolar macrophage is an important producer of cytokines and this production may be modified by NO. Moreover, high concentrations of NO have been shown to increase nuclear factor KB (NF-kB) activation. Recent investigations of NO expression in tumor tissue indicated that, at least for certain tumors, NO may mediate one or more roles during the growth of human cancer. We have studied iNOS in two tissue groups: normal human lung tissue and human lung cancer tissue. We localized iNOS in these tissues by immunohistochemistry and tested the mRNA expression by RT-PCR, the protein level by Western blot, and the protein activity by radiometric analysis. The results demonstrate different expression, localization and activity of iNOS in normal versus tumor tissue. This is suggestive of a role for NO production from iNOS in human lung cancer because high concentrations of this short molecule may transform to highly reactive compounds such as peroxynitrite (ONOO-); moreover, through the upregulator NF-kB, they can induce a chronic inflammatory state representing an elevated risk for cell transformation to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Speranza
- Department of Human Dynamics, University of Chieti, Chieti - Italy
| | - M.A. De Lutiis
- Department of Human Dynamics, University of Chieti, Chieti - Italy
| | - Y.B. Shaik
- Department of Oral Biology and Periodontology Boston University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA - USA
| | - M. Felaco
- Department of Human Dynamics, University of Chieti, Chieti - Italy
| | - A. Patruno
- Department of Human Dynamics, University of Chieti, Chieti - Italy
| | - A. Tetè
- Department of Oral Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti - Italy
| | - F. Mastrangelo
- Department of Oral Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti - Italy
| | - B. Madhappan
- Pharmacology Department, Tufts University, New England Medical Center, Boston, MA - USA
| | | | - F. Conti
- Gynecology Section, University of Chieti, Chieti
| | - J. Vecchiet
- Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Chieti, Chieti
| | - T.C. Theoharides
- Pharmacology Department, Tufts University, New England Medical Center, Boston, MA - USA
| | - P. Conti
- Immunology Division, University of Chieti, Chieti
| | - A. Grilli
- Department of Human Dynamics, University of Chieti, Chieti - Italy
- Leonardo da Vinci Telematic University, Torrevecchia Teatina (Chieti) - Italy
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4
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Papazahariadou M, Athanasiadis GI, Papadopoulos E, Symeonidou I, Hatzistilianou M, Castellani ML, Bhattacharya K, Shanmugham LN, Conti P, Frydas S. Involvement of NK Cells against Tumors and Parasites. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 22:144-53. [PMID: 17549670 DOI: 10.1177/172460080702200208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Host resistance against pathogens depends on a complex interplay of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. Acting as an early line of defence, the immune system includes activation of neutrophils, tissue macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells, eosinophils and natural killer (NK) cells. NK cells are lymphoid cells that can be activated without previous stimulation and are therefore like macrophages in the first line of defence against tumor cells and a diverse range of pathogens. NK cells mediate significant activity and produce high levels of proinflammatory cytokines in response to infection. Their cytotoxicity production is induced principally by monocyte-, macrophage- and dendritic cell-derived cytokines, but their activation is also believed to be cytokine-mediated. Recognition of infection by NK cells is accomplished by numerous activating and inhibitory receptors on the NK cells’ surface that selectively trigger the cytolytic activity in a major histocompability complex-independent manner. NK cells have trypanocidal activity of fibroblast cells and mediate direct destruction of extracellular epimastigote and trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi and T. lewisi in vitro; moreover, they kill plasmodia-infected erythrocytes directly through cell-cell interaction. This review provides a more detailed analysis of how NK cells recognize and respond to parasites and how they mediate cytotoxicity against tumor cells. Also the unique role of NK cells in innate immunity to infection and the relationship between parasites and carcinogenesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Papazahariadou
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, Aristotele University, Thessaloniki, Greece
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5
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Ishiy FAA, Fanganiello RD, Kobayashi GS, Kague E, Kuriki PS, Passos-Bueno MR. CD105 is regulated by hsa-miR-1287 and its expression is inversely correlated with osteopotential in SHED. Bone 2018; 106:112-120. [PMID: 29033380 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A more accurate understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways underpinning human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) plasticity and differentiation properties is pivotal for accomplishing solid and diligent translation of MSC-based experimental therapeutics and clinical trials to broad clinical practice. In addition, this knowledge enables selection of MSC subpopulations with increased differentiation potential and/or use of exogenous factors to boost this potential. Here, we report that CD105 (ENG) is a predictive biomarker of osteogenic potential in two types of MSCs: stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) and human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC). We also validate that CD105 can be used to select and enrich for subpopulations of SHED and hASC with higher in vitro osteogenic potential. In addition, we show that hsa-mir-1287 regulates CD105 expression, and propose that fine-tuning hsa-mir-1287 levels could be used to control osteopotential in SHED. These findings provide better discernment of the molecular bases behind MSC osteogenic plasticity and open up new perspectives to leverage osteogenic potential in MSCs by modulation of a specific miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Augusto André Ishiy
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Dalto Fanganiello
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gerson Shigeru Kobayashi
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erika Kague
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Semedo Kuriki
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Passos-Bueno
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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6
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Challenges for Cartilage Regeneration. SPRINGER SERIES IN BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-53574-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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7
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Pappalardo S, Puzzo S, Cappello V, Mastrangelo F, Adamo G, Caraffa A, Tetè S. The Efficacy of Four Ways of Administrating Dexamethasone during Surgical Extraction of Partially Impacted Lower Third Molars. EUR J INFLAMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x0700500306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are drugs noted for their potent anti-inflammatory effect and long lasting half-life. Various studies have been carried out to identify which of these molecules is best for reducing the post-operative sequelae after surgical extraction of the impacted lower third molar. This study examines four different ways of administering dexamethasone after surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars: endoalveolar application, submucous injection, intravenous administration and intramuscular injection, with the aim of identifying which method gives the least discomfort to the patient in regard to reduction of pain, edema and post-operative lock-jaw. Results show that a greater reduction of the post-operative sequelae was obtained in the group of patients treated with dexamethasone intravenously. Satisfying results were also obtained in the group treated with a topical administration of dexamethasone in powder form and in the group which was given dexamethasone through an intramuscular injection. These last two groups had similar results. Instead, the results obtained in the group that received dexamethasone through local submucous injection were not satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - F. Mastrangelo
- Department of Oral Sciences, University of Chieti, Italy
| | | | - A. Caraffa
- Orthopedic and Traumatology Division, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - S. Tetè
- Department of Oral Sciences, University of Chieti, Italy
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8
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Tripodi D, Latrofa M, D'Ercole S. Microbiological Aspects and Inflammatory Response of Pulp Tissue in Traumatic Dental Lesions. EUR J INFLAMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x0700500301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic dental lesions are more frequently found in the pediatric population, with a major involvement, in 80% of the cases, of the superior central incisors. The exposure of the dental pulp leads to major morphological changes in dental tissue, such as discolouring, acute pulp inflammation, chronic inflammation and necrosis. This article reviews the various studies published on the different types of inflammatory response of the pulp tissue following traumatic events, from the microbiological and histological point of view of various techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S. D'Ercole
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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9
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Mobasheri A, Kalamegam G, Musumeci G, Batt ME. Chondrocyte and mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies for cartilage repair in osteoarthritis and related orthopaedic conditions. Maturitas 2014; 78:188-98. [PMID: 24855933 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2014.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) represents a final and common pathway for all major traumatic insults to synovial joints. OA is the most common form of degenerative joint disease and a major cause of pain and disability. Despite the global increase in the incidence of OA, there are no effective pharmacotherapies capable of restoring the original structure and function of damaged articular cartilage. Consequently cell-based and biological therapies for osteoarthritis (OA) and related orthopaedic disorders have become thriving areas of research and development. Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) has been used for treatment of osteoarticular lesions for over two decades. Although chondrocyte-based therapy has the capacity to slow down the progression of OA and delay partial or total joint replacement surgery, currently used procedures are associated with the risk of serious adverse events. Complications of ACI include hypertrophy, disturbed fusion, delamination, and graft failure. Therefore there is significant interest in improving the success rate of ACI by improving surgical techniques and preserving the phenotype of the primary chondrocytes used in the procedure. Future tissue-engineering approaches for cartilage repair will also benefit from advances in chondrocyte-based repair strategies. This review article focuses on the structure and function of articular cartilage and the pathogenesis of OA in the context of the rising global burden of musculoskeletal disease. We explore the challenges associated with cartilage repair and regeneration using cell-based therapies that use chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This paper also explores common misconceptions associated with cell-based therapy and highlights a few areas for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mobasheri
- The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Duke of Kent Building, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom(1); Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, The University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council and Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, The University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gauthaman Kalamegam
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Bio-medical Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 87, Catania 95125, Italy
| | - Mark E Batt
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; Centre for Sports Medicine, West Block C Floor, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
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10
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Leigh SJ, Gilbert HTJ, Barker IA, Becker JM, Richardson SM, Hoyland JA, Covington JA, Dove AP. Fabrication of 3-Dimensional Cellular Constructs via Microstereolithography Using a Simple, Three-Component, Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Acrylate-Based System. Biomacromolecules 2012; 14:186-92. [DOI: 10.1021/bm3015736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamish T. J. Gilbert
- Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Inflammation
and Repair, Faculty of Medical and Human
Sciences, The University of Manchester,
Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Stephen M. Richardson
- Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Inflammation
and Repair, Faculty of Medical and Human
Sciences, The University of Manchester,
Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Judith A. Hoyland
- Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Inflammation
and Repair, Faculty of Medical and Human
Sciences, The University of Manchester,
Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
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11
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Mineralized and osteoid tissue from dental pulp stem cells on micro-arc oxidation titanium in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 32:620-625. [PMID: 22886981 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-012-1007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The presence of insufficient bone volume affects the implant healing and success. The aim of this study was to evaluate osteogenic capacity of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) on micro-arc oxidation (MAO) titanium surface. DPSCs were challenged at MAO and smooth titanium surface separately for different durations, and the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) served as the positive controls. The osteogenic capacity of DPSCs on MAO titanium surface was assessed by using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, biochemical tests and real-time quantitative PCR. Data showed that DPSCs differentiated into osteoblasts and expressed bone morphogenetic genes on MAO titanium surface. The results of this study revealed that DPSCs had good potential to generate mineralized tissue on MAO titanium plates. The differential potential of DPSCs may be regulated by MAO titanium surface. The osteogenesis potential of DPSCs on the MAO titanium was similar with BMSCs.
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12
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Stem cells and gene therapy for cartilage repair. Stem Cells Int 2012; 2012:168385. [PMID: 22481959 PMCID: PMC3306906 DOI: 10.1155/2012/168385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage defects represent a common problem in orthopaedic practice. Predisposing factors include traumas, inflammatory conditions, and biomechanics alterations. Conservative management of cartilage defects often fails, and patients with this lesions may need surgical intervention. Several treatment strategies have been proposed, although only surgery has been proved to be predictably effective. Usually, in focal cartilage defects without a stable fibrocartilaginous repair tissue formed, surgeons try to promote a natural fibrocartilaginous response by using marrow stimulating techniques, such as microfracture, abrasion arthroplasty, and Pridie drilling, with the aim of reducing swelling and pain and improving joint function of the patients. These procedures have demonstrated to be clinically useful and are usually considered as first-line treatment for focal cartilage defects. However, fibrocartilage presents inferior mechanical and biochemical properties compared to normal hyaline articular cartilage, characterized by poor organization, significant amounts of collagen type I, and an increased susceptibility to injury, which ultimately leads to premature osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, the aim of future therapeutic strategies for articular cartilage regeneration is to obtain a hyaline-like cartilage repair tissue by transplantation of tissues or cells. Further studies are required to clarify the role of gene therapy and mesenchimal stem cells for management of cartilage lesions.
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Abstract
All over the world a large number of people suffer from tooth diseases like dental caries, tooth abscess, and plaques. Tooth loss or damage, which occurs frequently in our society are generally repaired by applying several conventional methods, such as root-canal treatment, direct pulp capping and dental implants. These methods are quite painful, create damage to the surrounding tooth tissues and also may at times have adverse side-effects. The limitations of the conventional methods can be overcome by applying the concept of tooth tissue engineering. Tooth tissue engineering is the application of biosciences and engineering to regenerate a biofunctional tooth, which can be used to replace the missing tooth or repair the damaged tooth. Tissue engineering involves three key elements - cell, scaffold and growth factors, which interact with each other to regenerate a specific tissue. The success of tissue engineering depends on the proper selection of these three key elements and understanding the interactions among them. To bring us close to the realization of a tissue-engineered tooth, immense progress is going on in understanding how tooth is first developed, and there is a good advancement in tooth regeneration. In this review, “tooth tissue engineering” will be discussed, along with the recent advancements and challenges in bring a biofunctional tooth from laboratory out into clinical use.
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14
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Isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from the mandibular marrow aspirates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 112:e86-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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15
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Musumeci G, Lo Furno D, Loreto C, Giuffrida R, Caggia S, Leonardi R, Cardile V. Mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue which have been differentiated into chondrocytes in three-dimensional culture express lubricin. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2011; 236:1333-41. [PMID: 22036733 DOI: 10.1258/ebm.2011.011183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study focused on the isolation, cultivation and characterization of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from adipose tissue and on their differentiation into chondrocytes through the NH ChondroDiff medium. The main aim was to investigate some markers of biomechanical quality of cartilage, such as lubricin, and collagen type I and II. Little is known, in fact, about the ability of chondrocytes from human MSCs of adipose tissue to generate lubricin in three-dimensional (3D) culture. Lubricin, a 227.5-kDa mucinous glycoprotein, is known to play an important role in articular joint physiology, and the loss of accumulation of lubricin is thought to play a role in the pathology of osteoarthritis. Adipose tissue is an alternative source for the isolation of multipotent MSCs, which allows them to be obtained by a less invasive method and in larger quantities than from other sources. These cells can be isolated from cosmetic liposuctions in large numbers and easily grown under standard tissue culture conditions. 3D chondrocytes were assessed by histology (hematoxylin and eosin) and histochemistry (Alcian blue and Safranin-O/fast green staining). Collagen type I, II and lubricin expression was determined through immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The results showed that, compared with control cartilage and monolayer chondrocytes showing just collagen type I, chondrocytes from MSCs (CD44-, CD90- and CD105- positive; CD45-, CD14- and CD34-negative) of adipose tissue grown in nodules were able to express lubricin, and collagen type I and II, indicative of hyaline cartilage formation. Based on the function of lubricin in the joint cavity and disease and as a potential therapeutic agent, our results suggest that MSCs from adipose tissue are a promising cell source for tissue engineering of cartilage. Our results suggest that chondrocyte nodules producing lubricin could be a novel biotherapeutic approach for the treatment of cartilage abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Bio-medical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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16
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Soria JM, Sancho-Tello M, Esparza MAG, Mirabet V, Bagan JV, Monleón M, Carda C. Biomaterials coated by dental pulp cells as substrate for neural stem cell differentiation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2011; 97:85-92. [PMID: 21319296 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.33032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Revised: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study is focused on the development of an in vitro hybrid system, consisting in a polymeric biomaterial covered by a dental pulp cellular stroma that acts as a scaffold offering a neurotrophic support for the subsequent survival and differentiation of neural stem cells. In the first place, the behavior of dental pulp stroma on the polymeric biomaterial based on ethyl acrylate and hydroxy ethyl acrylate copolymer was studied. For this purpose, cells from normal human third molars were grown onto 0.5-mm-diameter biomaterial discs. After cell culture, quantification of neurotrophic factors generated by the stromal cells was performed by means of an ELISA assay. In the second place, survival and differentiation of adult murine neural stem cells on the polymeric biomaterials covered by dental pulp stromal cells was studied. The results show the capacity of dental pulp cells to uniformly coat the majority of the material's surface and to secrete neurotrophic factors that become crucial for a subsequent differentiation of neural stem cells. The use of stromal cells cultured on scaffolding biomaterials provides neurotrophic pumps that may suggest new criteria for the design of cell therapy experiments in animal models to assist the repair of lesions in Central Nervous System.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Miguel Soria
- Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Avda Seminario sn. 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain.
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Mosna F, Sensebé L, Krampera M. Human Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A User's Guide. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 19:1449-70. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2010.0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Mosna
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Policlinico “G.B. Rossi”—University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luc Sensebé
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS), Centre-Atlantique and EA3855 University François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Mauro Krampera
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Policlinico “G.B. Rossi”—University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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18
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Chen FM, Jin Y. Periodontal tissue engineering and regeneration: current approaches and expanding opportunities. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2010; 16:219-55. [PMID: 19860551 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2009.0562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The management of periodontal tissue defects that result from periodontitis represents a medical and socioeconomic challenge. Concerted efforts have been and still are being made to accelerate and augment periodontal tissue and bone regeneration, including a range of regenerative surgical procedures, the development of a variety of grafting materials, and the use of recombinant growth factors. More recently, tissue-engineering strategies, including new cell- and/or matrix-based dimensions, are also being developed, analyzed, and employed for periodontal regenerative therapies. Tissue engineering in periodontology applies the principles of engineering and life sciences toward the development of biological techniques that can restore lost alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, and root cementum. It is based on an understanding of the role of periodontal formation and aims to grow new functional tissues rather than to build new replacements of periodontium. Although tissue engineering has merged to create more opportunities for predictable and optimal periodontal tissue regeneration, the technique and design for preclinical and clinical studies remain in their early stages. To date, the reconstruction of small- to moderate-sized periodontal bone defects using engineered cell-scaffold constructs is technically feasible, and some of the currently developed concepts may represent alternatives for certain ideal clinical scenarios. However, the predictable reconstruction of the normal structure and functionality of a tooth-supporting apparatus remains challenging. This review summarizes current regenerative procedures for periodontal healing and regeneration and explores their progress and difficulties in clinical practice, with particular emphasis placed upon current challenges and future possibilities associated with tissue-engineering strategies in periodontal regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Ming Chen
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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19
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Trubiani O, Caputi S, Di Iorio D, D'Amario M, Paludi M, Giancola R, Di Nardo Di Maio F, De Angelis F, D'Arcangelo C. The cytotoxic effects of resin-based sealers on dental pulp stem cells. Int Endod J 2010; 43:646-53. [PMID: 20456513 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01720.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of four current resin-based adhesives on expanded ex vivo human dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DP-MSCs). METHODOLOGY Dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells were derived from dental pulps of ten donors. After in vitro isolation, dental pulp stem cells were analysed using flow cytometry. The immunophenotype of DP-MSCs disclosed the homogeneous expression of the mesenchymal-related antigens CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD166. DP-MSCs were exposed to four different commercially available bonding systems (CMF Bond, Prime&Bond NT, Clearfil S(3) Bond, XP Bond), and after 24, 48 and 72 h of incubation the morphological features and the cell growth were analysed. Moreover, the cell viability was evaluated at the same times by MTT assay. Data were statistically analysed using a two-way anova and Holm-Sidak method (alpha set at 0.05). RESULTS Significant differences were observed between the four groups when comparing DP-MSCs appearance. DP-MSCs survived and proliferated without inhibition in the presence of CMF Bond adhesive. On the contrary, microscopic evaluation of the other three groups revealed extensive cytotoxic effects from the dentine bonding agents. The MTT assay revealed no statistically significant differences in cell viability after 72 h between the control group and CMF Bond group. All the other experimental groups had statistically lower optical density values. CONCLUSIONS CMF Bond adhesive allowed human dental pulp stem cells to survive and proliferate. All of the other dentine bonding agents had extensive cytotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Trubiani
- Department of Stomatology and Oral Sciences and Ce.S.I, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
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20
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Richardson SM, Hoyland JA, Mobasheri R, Csaki C, Shakibaei M, Mobasheri A. Mesenchymal stem cells in regenerative medicine: Opportunities and challenges for articular cartilage and intervertebral disc tissue engineering. J Cell Physiol 2010; 222:23-32. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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21
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Marchionni C, Bonsi L, Alviano F, Lanzoni G, Di Tullio A, Costa R, Montanari M, Tazzari PL, Ricci F, Pasquinelli G, Orrico C, Grossi A, Prati C, Bagnara GP. Angiogenic potential of human dental pulp stromal (stem) cells. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2009; 22:699-706. [PMID: 19822086 DOI: 10.1177/039463200902200315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp is a heterogeneous microenviroment where unipotent progenitor and pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells cohabit. In this study we investigated whether human dental pulp stromal (stem) cells (DP-SCs) committed to the angiogenic fate. DP-SCs showed the specific mesenchymal immunophenotypical profile positive for CD29, CD44, CD73, CD105, CD166 and negative for CD14, CD34, CD45, in accordance with that reported for bone marrow-derived SCs. The Oct-4 expression in DP-SCs, evaluated through RT-PCR analysis, increased in relation with the number of the passages in cell culture and decreased after angiogenic induction. In agreement with their multipotency, DP-SCs differentiated toward osteogenic and adipogenic commitments. In angiogenic experiments, differentiation of DP-SCs, through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induction, was evaluated by in vitro matrigel assay and by cytometric analysis. Accordingly, endothelial-specific markers like Flt-1 and KDR were basally expressed and they increased after exposure to VEGF together with the occurrence of ICAM-1 and von Willebrand factor positive cells. In addition, VEGF-induced DP-SCs maintained endothelial cell-like features when cultured in a 3-D fibrin mesh, displaying focal organization into capillary-like structures. The DP-SC angiogenic potential may prove a remarkable tool for novel approaches to developing tissue-engineered vascular grafts which are useful when vascularization of ischemic tissues is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Marchionni
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, and Transfusion Medicine Service, S. Orsola Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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22
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Stevens A, Zuliani T, Olejnik C, LeRoy H, Obriot H, Kerr-Conte J, Formstecher P, Bailliez Y, Polakowska RR. Human dental pulp stem cells differentiate into neural crest-derived melanocytes and have label-retaining and sphere-forming abilities. Stem Cells Dev 2009; 17:1175-84. [PMID: 18393638 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2008.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult tissues contain highly proliferative, clonogenic cells that meet criteria of multipotent stem cells and are potential sources for autologous reparative and reconstructive medicine. We demonstrated that human dental pulp contains self renewing human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) capable of differentiating into mesenchymal-derived odontoblasts, osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes and striated muscle, and interestingly, also into non-mesenchymal melanocytes. Furthermore, we showed that hDPSC cultures include cells with the label-retaining and sphere-forming abilities, traits attributed to multipotent stem cells, and provide evidence that these may be multipotent neural crest stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelique Stevens
- Faculté Dentaire, Université Lille 2, Lille, France. , Université Lille 2, Faculté de Médecine, Lille, France
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23
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Trubiani O, Orsini G, Zini N, Di Iorio D, Piccirilli M, Piattelli A, Caputi S. Regenerative potential of human periodontal ligament derived stem cells on three-dimensional biomaterials: a morphological report. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 87:986-93. [PMID: 18257082 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells obtained from periodontal ligament (PDL-MSCs) are multipotent cells that have similar features of the bone marrow and dental pulp MSCs and are capable of proliferating and producing different types of tissue such as bone and tooth associated-tissues. Human PDL-MSCs expanded ex vivo were induced to osteogenesis, seeded in three-dimensional biocompatible scaffolds (fibrin sponge, bovine-derived substitutes) and examined using light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Morphological observations showed extensive growth of cellular biomass partially covering the scaffolds after 4 weeks of incubation in mineralization medium. These findings indicate that periodontal ligament can be an easily and efficient autologous source of stem cells with a high expansion capacity and ability to differentiate in osteogenic cells that can colonize and grow connected to bio-compatible scaffold. It can be suggested that the use of PDL-MSCs for generating graft biomaterials is advantageous for bone tissue engineering in regenerative dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Trubiani
- Department of Stomatology and Oral Sciences and Ce.S.I, University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
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24
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Duailibi SE, Duailibi MT, Zhang W, Asrican R, Vacanti JP, Yelick PC. Bioengineered dental tissues grown in the rat jaw. J Dent Res 2008; 87:745-50. [PMID: 18650546 DOI: 10.1177/154405910808700811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Our long-term objective is to develop methods to form, in the jaw, bioengineered replacement teeth that exhibit physical properties and functions similar to those of natural teeth. Our results show that cultured rat tooth bud cells, seeded onto biodegradable scaffolds, implanted into the jaws of adult rat hosts and grown for 12 weeks, formed small, organized, bioengineered tooth crowns, containing dentin, enamel, pulp, and periodontal ligament tissues, similar to identical cell-seeded scaffolds implanted and grown in the omentum. Radiographic, histological, and immunohistochemical analyses showed that bioengineered teeth consisted of organized dentin, enamel, and pulp tissues. This study advances practical applications for dental tissue engineering by demonstrating that bioengineered tooth tissues can be regenerated at the site of previously lost teeth, and supports the use of tissue engineering strategies in humans, to regenerate previously lost and/or missing teeth. The results presented in this report support the feasibility of bioengineered replacement tooth formation in the jaw.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Duailibi
- University Federal of São Paulo, Department of Plastic Surgery, São Paulo, Brazil
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25
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Tetè S, Nargi E, Mastrangelo F, Zizzari V, D'Apolito G, Traini T, Costanzo G, Dadorante V, D'Alimonte I, Caputi S, Caciagli F, Ciccarelli R. Changes in matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein expression before and during in vitro osteogenic differentiation of human dental papilla mesenchymal cells. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2008; 21:309-18. [PMID: 18547474 DOI: 10.1177/039463200802100207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to characterise the expression of matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE) in cultured mesenchymal cells isolated from human dental papilla (PaMCs) of impacted third molars either before or during differentiation of these cells into osteo/odontoblasts. PaMCs, like mesenchymal cells deriving from human dental pulp (DPMCs), resulted positive for a number of mesenchymal markers including CD146 and STRO-1. During the first week in culture they showed a faster proliferation rate than DPMCs, coupled to an earlier down-regulation of MEPE. Also when the cells were further cultured in osteogenic medium (containing beta-glycerophosphate, ascorbic acid and dexamethasone) for 40 days, MEPE down-regulation coupled to an increased expression of osteogenic markers, such as osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase, occurred earlier in PaMCs than in DPMCs. Thus, our data, indicating that also in PaMCs MEPE expression is higher when cells proliferate, whereas it is downregulated as cells differentiated, are in favour of a role of MEPE as an early regulator of odontogenic differentiation. We also confirm the superior proliferative potential of PaMCs in comparison with DPMCs, coupled to a more rapid induction of osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, these cells represent an optimal source to be conveniently used for dental tissue engineering and tooth regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tetè
- Department of Oral Sciences, Division of Oral Surgery, University Medical School, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini 29, Chieti, Italy
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26
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Orciani M, Emanuelli M, Martino C, Pugnaloni A, Tranquilli A, Di Primio R. Potential Role of Culture Mediums for Successful Isolation and Neuronal Differentiation of Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2008; 21:595-602. [DOI: 10.1177/039463200802100312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the use of stem cells has generated increasing interest in regenerative medicine and cancer therapies. The most potent stem cells derive from the inner cell mass during embryonic development and their use yields serious ethical and methodological problems. Recently, a number of reports suggests that another suitable source of multipotent stem cells may be the amniotic fluid. Amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells (AFMSCs) are capable of extensive self-renewal, able to differentiate in specialized cells representative of all three germ layers, do not show ethical restriction, and display minimal risks of teratomas and a very low immunogenity. For all these reasons, amniotic fluid appears as a promising alternative source for stem cell therapy. Their recent discovery implies a lack of knowledge of their specific features as well as the existence of a protocol universally recognized as the most suitable for their isolation, growth and long-term conservation. In this study, we isolated stem cells from six amniotic fluids; these cells were cultured with three different culture mediums [Mesenchymal Stem Cell Medium (MSCGM), PC-1 and RPMI-1640], characterized by cytofluorimetric analysis, and then either frozen or induced to neuronal differentiation. Even if the immunophenotype seemed not to be influenced by culture medium (all six samples cultured in the above-mentioned mediums expressed surface antigens commonly found on stem cells), cells showed different abilities to differentiate into neuron-like cells and to re-start the culture after short-long-term storage. Cells isolated and cultured in MSCGM showed the highest proliferation rate, and formed neuron-like cells when sub-plated with neuronal differentiation medium. Cells from PC-1, on the contrary, displayed an increased ability to re-start culture after short-long term storage. Finally, cells from RPMI-1640, even if expressing stem cells markers, were not able to differentiate in neuron-like cells. Further studies are still needed in order to assess the effective role of culture medium for a successful isolation, growth, differentiation and storage of AFMSCs, but our data underline the importance of finding a universally accepted protocol for the use of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Emanuelli
- Institute of Biochemical Biotechnologies, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona
| | - C. Martino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marche Polytechnic University, Salesi Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - A.L. Tranquilli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marche Polytechnic University, Salesi Hospital, Ancona, Italy
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27
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Mastrangelo F, Nargi E, Carone L, Dolci M, Caciagli F, Ciccarelli R, Lutiis MAD, Karapanou V, Shaik BY, Conti P, Teté S. Tridimensional Response of human Dental Follicular Stem Cells onto a Synthetic Hydroxyapatite Scaffold. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1248/jhs.54.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Filiberto Mastrangelo
- Department of Stomatology and Oral Science, Division of Oral Surgery, University “G. d'Annunzio,”
| | - Elena Nargi
- Department of Biomedical Scienze, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University “G. d'Annunzio,”
| | - Luigi Carone
- Department of Stomatology and Oral Science, Division of Oral Surgery, University “G. d'Annunzio,”
| | - Marco Dolci
- Department of Stomatology and Oral Science, Division of Oral Surgery, University “G. d'Annunzio,”
| | - Francesco Caciagli
- Department of Biomedical Scienze, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University “G. d'Annunzio,”
| | - Renata Ciccarelli
- Department of Biomedical Scienze, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University “G. d'Annunzio,”
| | | | | | - Basha Y. Shaik
- Department of Oral Biology, Dental Medicine, Boston University
| | - Pio Conti
- Immunology Division, University “G. d'Annunzio,”
| | - Stefano Teté
- Department of Stomatology and Oral Science, Division of Oral Surgery, University “G. d'Annunzio,”
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28
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Castellani ML, Bhattacharya K, Tagen M, Kempuraj D, Perrella A, De Lutiis M, Boucher W, Conti P, Theoharides TC, Cerulli G, Salini V, Neri G. Anti-chemokine therapy for inflammatory diseases. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2007; 20:447-53. [PMID: 17880758 DOI: 10.1177/039463200702000303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are inflammatory proteins acting via G-protein coupled chemokine receptors that trigger different signaling pathways. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2/MCP-1) and regulated on activation, normal T expressed and secreted (CCL5/RANTES) are the two major members of the CC chemokine beta subfamily. The roles of RANTES and MCP-1 are emerging in regulating the recruitment of inflammatory cells into tissue during inflammation. The inhibition of MCP-1 and RANTES with corresponding antibodies or other inhibitors may provide benefits in different clinical scenarios including cancer, inflammation, CNS disorders, parasitic disease, autoimmune and heart diseases. RANTES and MCP-1 may represent targets for diagnostic procedures and therapeutic intervention, and may be useful as a prognostic factor in the above diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Castellani
- Department of Internal Medicine and Science of Ageing, University of Chieti, Italy.
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29
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Carinci F, Arcelli D, Lo Muzio L, Francioso F, Valentini D, Evangelisti R, Volinia S, D'Angelo A, Meroni G, Zollo M, Pastore A, Ionna F, Mastrangelo F, Conti P, Tetè S. Molecular classification of nodal metastasis in primary larynx squamous cell carcinoma. Transl Res 2007; 150:233-45. [PMID: 17900511 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2007.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2006] [Revised: 03/12/2007] [Accepted: 03/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Classification and prognosis of larynx squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) depends on clinical and histopathological examination. Currently, expression profiling harbors the potential to investigate, classify, and better manage cancer. Gene expression profiles of 22 primary LSCCs were analyzed by microarrays containing 19,200 cDNAs. GOAL functionally classified differentially expressed genes, and a novel "in silico" procedure identified physical gene clusters differentially transcribed. A signature of 158 genes differentiated tumors with nodal metastasis. A novel statistical method allowed categorization of metastatic tumors into 2 distinct subgroups of differential gene expression patterns. Among genes correlated to nodal metastatic progression, we verified in vitro that NM23-H3 reduced cell motility and TRIM8 were a growth suppressor. Six chromosomal regions were specifically downregulated in metastatic tumors. This large-scale gene expression analysis in LSCC provides information on changes in genomic activity associated with lymphonodal metastasis and identifies molecules that might prove useful as novel therapeutic targets.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/secondary
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cluster Analysis
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Disease Progression
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, Neoplasm
- Humans
- Laryngeal Neoplasms/genetics
- Laryngeal Neoplasms/metabolism
- Laryngeal Neoplasms/pathology
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Male
- NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases/genetics
- Neoplasm Staging
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis/methods
- Prognosis
- RNA, Neoplasm/isolation & purification
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
- Up-Regulation/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Carinci
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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30
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Gelardi M, Fiorella M, Fiorella R, Cavallucci E, Di Gioacchino M, Ciprandi G. Lymphocyte Differentiation in the Nasal Mucosa. EUR J INFLAMM 2007; 5:145-150. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x0700500305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Few cytological studies have investigated the morphologic changes occurring during lymphocyte differentiation in the nose. The aim of the study is to investigate lymphocyte and plasma cell morphology in patients with allergic rhinitis. Nasal cytology was performed in 110 patients (61 men, 49 women) of ages ranging from 12 to 47 years (mean age, 27), 72 of whom were affected by pollen allergic rhinitis (32 allergic to olive, 21 to Parietaria, 13 to grasses, and 6 to cypress) and 38 by perennial allergic rhinitis (allergy to house dust mites). Cytological samples were obtained by scraping with Rhino-Probe™. The samples were collected from the inferior middle turbinate. After fixing and drying, the samples were stained and counted. Cells belonging to the lymphocyte-plasma cell lineage were analyzed. Within this population, 5 different cellular types were identified displaying particular morphologic features of the nucleus and the cytoplasm. These morphological variants constitute various functional stages of B lymphocytes. In allergic inflammation, antigen stimulation induces B lymphocytes to differentiate and become plasma cells. The findings from this strictly morphological study will need to be confirmed by immunohistochemical and immunophenotypic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - E. Cavallucci
- Allergy Related Disease Unit, CeSI, “G. d'Annunzio” University Foundation, Chieti
| | - M. Di Gioacchino
- Allergy Related Disease Unit, CeSI, “G. d'Annunzio” University Foundation, Chieti
| | - G. Ciprandi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino, Genova, Italy
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31
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Renard E, Lopez-Cazaux S, Guicheux J, Weiss P, Laboux O, Alliot-Licht B. [Stem cells of dental pulp]. C R Biol 2007; 330:635-43. [PMID: 17720580 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2007.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2007] [Revised: 07/06/2007] [Accepted: 07/09/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Any clinician dreams to obtain the regeneration of the destroyed organ for his patient. In the human being, the regeneration of complex structures is not possible, except the liver and the bone marrow, which can be regenerated because of the presence of adult stem cells in these tissues. The stem cells have two principal properties: they ensure their self-renewal and they have the ability to differentiate into several cellular types. Using specific markers allowing the identification of the stem cells in bone marrow, stem cells were observed in dental pulp tissues. Although the origin, the identification, and the localization of these stem cells of dental pulp remain under consideration, the optimism in research on stem cells permits to believe that the knowledge on dental stem cells will lead to their use in therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Renard
- CHU Nantes, pôle Odontologie, 1, place Alexis-Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes, France
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32
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Castellani ML, Shaik YB, Perrella A, Frydas S, Simeonidou I, Salini V, Tetè S, Conti CM, Vecchiet J, Theoharides TC, Conti P, De Lutiis MA. Expression and secretion of CXCL8 (IL-8), release of tryptase and transcription of histidine decarboxylase mRNA by anti-IgE-activated human umbilical cord blood-derived cultured mast cells. Neuroimmunomodulation 2007; 14:97-104. [PMID: 17713357 DOI: 10.1159/000107425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2007] [Accepted: 06/24/2007] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of cytokine receptors and alterations in cytokines are thought to play important roles in neuronal dysfunction and in the pathogenesis of the nervous system diseases. CXCL8 (IL-8) is a CXC chemokine with chemotactic and inflammatory properties. Chemokines control mast cell infiltration in several inflammatory diseases, including stress and neurological dysfunctions. Using isolated human umbilical cord blood-derived cultured mast cells (HUCMC) from hematopoietic stem cells CD34+, mast cells were immunologically activated with anti-IgE at concentrations of 1, 5, 10 and 20 microg/ml leading to the dose-dependent production of IL-8 (p < 0.05). The increase in IL-8 mRNA expression was also noted when the cells were treated with anti-IgE at 10 microg/ml for 6 h. Immunologically activated HUCMC provoked the generation of tryptase in a dose- and time-dependent manner. We also found increased histidine decarboxylase (HDC) expression in activated HUCMC after 6 h of incubation, a rate-limiting enzyme responsible for the generation of histamine from histidine. Taken together, these results confirm that anti-IgE-activated mast cells release inflammatory mediators including CXCL8, a CXC chemokine which regulates several biological effects of mast cells, e.g. chemoattraction, and possibly causes cell arrest.
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