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Wulandari S, Nuryastuti T, Oktoviani FN, Daniwijaya MEW, Supriyati E, Arguni E, Hartono, Wibawa T. The association between high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and Interleukin-18 (IL-18) serum concentrations in COVID-19 inpatients. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26619. [PMID: 38434314 PMCID: PMC10907672 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) are involved in various non-coronavirus disease pathogenesis and are reported as potential biomarkers for coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, their association with COVID-19 pathogenesis has not yet been explored. Aim This study aimed to investigate the association between HMGB1 and IL-18 concentrations in the sera of COVID-19 patients versus non-COVID-19 patients. Material and methods We used stored serum samples obtained from 30 COVID-19 patients and 30 non-COVID-19 patients. We collected data on age, gender, treatment status, principal diagnosis, and comorbidity from patient medical records. HMGB1 and IL-18 concentrations were analyzed in the serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The swab samples' RT-PCR cycle threshold (CT) values were obtained from the laboratory database. Results HMGB1 concentrations were increased in the COVID-19 inpatients and non-COVID-19 inpatients compared to non-COVID-19 outpatients (COVID-19 inpatients vs. non-COVID-19 outpatients: 151.33 (90.27-192.38) vs. 80.75 (54.16-128.72) ng/ml; p = 0.0316; non-COVID-19 inpatients vs. non-COVID-19 outpatients: 152.66 (104.04-288.51) vs. 80.75 (54.16-128.72) ng/ml; p = 0.0199). IL-18 concentrations were also higher in the COVID-19 inpatients and non-COVID-19 inpatients compared to non-COVID-19 outpatients (COVID-19 inpatients vs. non-COVID-19 outpatients: 620.00 (461.50-849.6) vs. 403.10 (372.70-556.90) pg/ml; p = 0.0376; non-COVID-19 inpatients vs. non-COVID-19 outpatients: 835.70 (558.30-1602.00) vs. 403.10 (372.70-556.90) pg/ml; p = 0.0026). Moreover, HMGB1 was associated with IL-18 concentrations in the sera of COVID-19 inpatients (p = 0.0337; r = 0.5500). Conclusion The association of HMGB1 and IL-18 in COVID-19 might indicate the potential for a dangerous cycle leading to a cytokine storm to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Wulandari
- Doctorate Program of Medicine and Health Science, Faculty of Medicine Public Health and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Titik Nuryastuti
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Public Health and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Farida Nur Oktoviani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Public Health and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Endah Supriyati
- Centre for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Eggi Arguni
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hartono
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tri Wibawa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Public Health and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Pociūtė A, Kriaučiūnaitė K, Kaušylė A, Zablockienė B, Alčauskas T, Jelinskaitė A, Rudėnaitė A, Jančorienė L, Ročka S, Verkhratsky A, Pivoriūnas A. Plasma of COVID-19 Patients Does Not Alter Electrical Resistance of Human Endothelial Blood-Brain Barrier In Vitro. FUNCTION 2024; 5:zqae002. [PMID: 38486975 PMCID: PMC10935481 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqae002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 instigated the most serious global health crisis. Clinical presentation of COVID-19 frequently includes severe neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, it is presently unknown whether and to which extent pathological impairment of blood-brain barrier (BBB) contributes to the development of neuropathology during COVID-19 progression. In the present study, we used human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived brain endothelial cells (iBECs) to study the effects of blood plasma derived from COVID-19 patients on the BBB integrity in vitro. We also performed a comprehensive analysis of the cytokine and chemokine profiles in the plasma of COVID-19 patients, healthy and recovered individuals. We found significantly increased levels of interferon γ-induced protein 10 kDa, hepatocyte growth factor, and interleukin-18 in the plasma of COVID-19 patients. However, blood plasma from COVID-19 patients did not affect transendothelial electrical resistance in iBEC monolayers. Our results demonstrate that COVID-19-associated blood plasma inflammatory factors do not affect BBB paracellular pathway directly and suggest that pathological remodeling (if any) of BBB during COVID-19 may occur through indirect or yet unknown mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnė Pociūtė
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-01102 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Karolina Kriaučiūnaitė
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-01102 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aida Kaušylė
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-01102 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Birutė Zablockienė
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Centre of Infectious Diseases, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Tadas Alčauskas
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Augustė Jelinskaitė
- Centre of Infectious Diseases, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Akvilė Rudėnaitė
- Centre of Infectious Diseases, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ligita Jančorienė
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Centre of Infectious Diseases, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Saulius Ročka
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Center of Neurosurgery, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-01102 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- Achucarro Centre for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110052, China
| | - Augustas Pivoriūnas
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-01102 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Giacconi R, D'Aquila P, Cardelli M, Piacenza F, Pierpaoli E, Sena G, Di Rosa M, Bonfigli AR, Galeazzi R, Cherubini A, Fedecostante M, Sarzani R, Di Pentima C, Giordano P, Antonicelli R, Lattanzio F, Passarino G, Provinciali M, Bellizzi D. Blood circulating bacterial DNA in hospitalized old COVID-19 patients. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:76. [PMID: 38111002 PMCID: PMC10726536 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00401-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease COVID-19 is a heterogeneous condition caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Generally, it is characterized by interstitial pneumonia that can lead to impaired gas-exchange, acute respiratory failure, and death, although a complex disorder of multi-organ dysfunction has also been described. The pathogenesis is complex, and a variable combination of factors has been described in critically ill patients. COVID-19 is a particular risk for older persons, particularly those with frailty and comorbidities. Blood bacterial DNA has been reported in both physiological and pathological conditions and has been associated with some haematological and laboratory parameters but, to date, no study has characterized it in hospitalized old COVID-19 patients The present study aimed to establish an association between blood bacterial DNA (BB-DNA) and clinical severity in old COVID-19 patients. RESULTS BB-DNA levels were determined, by quantitative real-time PCRs targeting the 16S rRNA gene, in 149 hospitalized older patients (age range 65-99 years) with COVID-19. Clinical data, including symptoms and signs of infection, frailty status, and comorbidities, were assessed. BB-DNA was increased in deceased patients compared to discharged ones, and Cox regression analysis confirmed an association between BB-DNA and in-hospital mortality. Furthermore, BB-DNA was positively associated with the neutrophil count and negatively associated with plasma IFN-alpha. Additionally, BB-DNA was associated with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS The association of BB-DNA with mortality, immune-inflammatory parameters and diabetes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients suggests its potential role as a biomarker of unfavourable outcomes of the disease, thus it could be proposed as a novel prognostic marker in the assessment of acute COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robertina Giacconi
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Patrizia D'Aquila
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cardelli
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Piacenza
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisa Pierpaoli
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giada Sena
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Mirko Di Rosa
- Unit of Geriatric Pharmacoepidemiology and Biostatistics, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Galeazzi
- Clinical Laboratory and Molecular Diagnostic, Italian National Research Center On Aging, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Cherubini
- Geriatria, Accettazione Geriatrica e Centro Di Ricerca Per L'invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Fedecostante
- Geriatria, Accettazione Geriatrica e Centro Di Ricerca Per L'invecchiamento, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Riccardo Sarzani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy, Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Italian National Research Centre On Aging, Hospital "U. Sestilli", IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Chiara Di Pentima
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy, Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Italian National Research Centre On Aging, Hospital "U. Sestilli", IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Piero Giordano
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy, Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Italian National Research Centre On Aging, Hospital "U. Sestilli", IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Passarino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Mauro Provinciali
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Dina Bellizzi
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy.
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