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Hu Y, Wang Z, He H, Pan L, Tu J, Shan G. Prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity in China during 2002-2022: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 93:102165. [PMID: 38096988 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multimorbidity is common, particularly among elderly people. Restructuring health service systems to better manage this public health issue requires knowledge regarding disease prevalence and patterns. We quantified the epidemiology characteristics of multimorbidity among adults in China to inform policy-making and resource allocation. METHODS We searched 10 databases for studies (January 2000-October 2023) reporting primary epidemiological multimorbidity data for adults in China. We included observational studies; we excluded duplicate publications and studies investigating a single comorbidity pattern, focused on specific population categories, using medical insurance reimbursement data, and with unclear/incomplete data. We assessed risk of bias using the STROBE checklist and estimated heterogeneity among studies. The prevalence was pooled using the random-effects method and sample size as weight. FINDINGS Of 13,998 records retrieved, 67 studies (30 in English, 37 in Chinese) were included. The prevalence (95% confidence interval) of multimorbidity was 25.4% (15.1%, 35.7%) among Chinese adults. Among 42 studies reporting age-specific prevalence, multimorbidity prevalence increased rapidly with age: 3.3% (0%, 15.2%) for age 18-29 years, 5.9% (0%, 12.9%) for 30-44 years, 17.6% (6.1%, 29.1%) for 45-59 years, 32.4% (16.1%, 48.7%) for 60-69 years, 38.5% (23.6%, 53.4%) for 70-79 years, and 40.2% (20.8%, 59.6%) for age ≥ 80 years. Overall prevalence of multimorbidity has increased in recent years, with regional disparity. The most common patterns included hypertension with hearing impairment (10.4% [95% CI: 4.3%, 16.5%]), dyslipidemia (8.9% [4.1%, 13.6%]), and diabetes (8.7% [3.7%, 13.8%]). CONCLUSION Multimorbidity was present nearly one in four Chinese adults, with hypertensive diseases and other comorbidities being the most-observed pattern; the prevalence increased rapidly with increased age. There is huge variation in the prevalence of multimorbidity across China. Coordinated, comprehensive strategies are urgently needed to control the ongoing impact of multimorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoda Hu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, No. 5, DongDanSanTiao, DongCheng District, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Zixing Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, No. 5, DongDanSanTiao, DongCheng District, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Huijing He
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, No. 5, DongDanSanTiao, DongCheng District, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Li Pan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, No. 5, DongDanSanTiao, DongCheng District, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Ji Tu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, No. 5, DongDanSanTiao, DongCheng District, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Guangliang Shan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, No. 5, DongDanSanTiao, DongCheng District, Beijing 100005, China.
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Li Z, Lai Q, Benedict RJ, Yang T, Zhang X. Age and residential differences in functional fitness of Chinese older women. Australas J Ageing 2022; 41:e379-e386. [PMID: 35229977 DOI: 10.1111/ajag.13037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate age-associated changes in functional fitness (FF) among Chinese older women and to identify any urban-rural disparity. METHODS Nine hundred and sixty-five participants aged 60-84 yrs were assessed for their functional fitness. They were stratified into five groups by age and two groups by residential areas. Two-way ANOVA was used to observe the group differences in functional fitness, and linear regression analysis was conducted to identify each of the functional fitness measures as a function of age and residential area. RESULTS All functional fitness tests showed a significant decline across age groups. Age-related decline in muscle strength occurred relatively earlier (age 65-69) compared to the decline in aerobic endurance (age 75-79). Linear regression analysis indicated that age has notable effects on each of the functional fitness measures and predicts balance control better than other factors. Urban participants outperformed their rural counterparts in all FF tests except for upper body flexibility and BMI. Notably, the greatest disparity occurred between 70 and 79 years of age. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced physical fitness monitoring and targeted interventions that focus on strength training and increasing moderate- to high-intensity leisure-time physical activity are necessary to improve the functional fitness of Chinese older women, especially those in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongtao Li
- College of Sport Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qin Lai
- Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Ronald J Benedict
- Department of Wellness, Human Performance, and Recreation, Union College, Barbourville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Tao Yang
- Human Science of Sport, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Xuelin Zhang
- Human Science of Sport, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
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Schmidt T, Christiansen LB, Schipperijn J, Cerin E. Social network characteristics as correlates and moderators of older adults' quality of life-the SHARE study. Eur J Public Health 2021; 31:541-547. [PMID: 33547475 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of life (QoL) of older adults is a key aspect of healthy ageing, and older adults' socioeconomic status (SES), the neighbourhood they live in and their social networks (SN) are known to impact QoL. However, little is known about the interaction between these concepts. The aim was to examine how SN, SES and neighbourhood type are associated with QoL in older adults. METHODS : Wave 4 (year 2011) and wave 6 (year 2015) data from the longitudinal Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe were used for the analysis. Multilevel regression models estimated the associations including 34 792 participants from wave 4 and 67 334 participants from wave 6 from 16 countries (mean age = 66.45 years). The outcome variable was QoL, independent variables were SES (education and making end meet) and neighbourhood type (housing type and housing area), and SN variables (satisfaction and size) were the moderators. RESULTS : SES and SN variables were positively associated with QoL. Living in a house or duplex was positively associated with QoL compared with living in a farmhouse. SN moderated the association between education and QoL. The effect of area type on QoL was moderated by SN size. SN satisfaction was an independent correlate of QoL. CONCLUSION : Older adults' satisfaction with their SN may be more important than having a large SN. Low SES older adults may be more prone to having weak SN. Maintaining and creating supportive SN may attenuate the negative effects of low SES or less favourable neighbourhood characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Schmidt
- Research Unit for Active Living, Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lars B Christiansen
- Research Unit for Active Living, Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Research Unit for Active Living, Department of Sports Sciences and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
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Hao W, Li J, Fu P, Zhao D, Jing Z, Wang Y, Yu C, Yuan Y, Zhou C. Physical frailty and health-related quality of life among Chinese rural older adults: a moderated mediation analysis of physical disability and physical activity. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e042496. [PMID: 33419914 PMCID: PMC7799141 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to explore the mediating effect of physical disability as well as the role of physical activity (PA) as a moderator in the relationship between physical frailty and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among rural older adults in China. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis. SETTING Rural households in Shandong of China (Rushan, Qufu, Laolin). PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS A survey was conducted among 3243 rural older adults. The data were collected using questionnaires measuring physical frailty, physical disability, HRQoL and PA. Bootstrap analyses were employed to explore the mediating effect of physical disability and also the moderating role of PA on physical frailty and HRQoL. RESULTS After controlling for age and education, physical disability partially mediated the effect of physical frailty on HRQoL (indirect effect=-0.143, 95% CI -0.175 to -0.113), with the mediating effect accounting for 33.71% of the total effect. PA moderated the relationship between physical frailty and physical disability as well as the relationship between physical disability and HRQoL. Specifically, the interaction term between physical frailty and PA significantly predicted physical disability (β=-0.120, t=-7.058, p<0.001), and the interaction term between physical disability and PA also had a significant predictive effect on HRQoL (β=0.115, t=6.104, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS PA appears to moderate the indirect effect of physical disability on the association between physical frailty and HRQoL. This study provides support for potential mechanisms in the association between physical frailty and HRQoL. Encouraging rural older adults to increase PA appropriately might improve HRQoL for older adults with physical frailty and physical disability problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Hao
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research,School of Public Health,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Li
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research,School of Public Health,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peipei Fu
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research,School of Public Health,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research,School of Public Health,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhengyue Jing
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research,School of Public Health,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research,School of Public Health,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Caiting Yu
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research,School of Public Health,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yemin Yuan
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research,School of Public Health,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chengchao Zhou
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research,School of Public Health,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Zhang Z, Qiu Z. Exploring Daily Activity Patterns on the Typical Day of Older Adults for Supporting Aging-in-Place in China's Rural Environment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228416. [PMID: 33202990 PMCID: PMC7696971 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Severe aging in rural China is prompting communities to promote support for older people to age in place. The study of the daily life of older adults in rural areas is conducive to understanding their real life and demands, as well as the way they interact with their environment, to develop feasible strategies. In this study, 171 older adults over 60 years old in two different types of villages in Northern Zhejiang Province were investigated and analyzed in terms of the temporal and spatial features of daily activities, as well as their relationship with population attributes, personal competence, and subjective demands. The results show that: (1) significant association can be seen between working hours and the demand for health services, housework hours and gender and age, as well as leisure hours and ADL and the demand for recreational services. (2) The older adults appear to have inter-group homogeneity in some aspects: basic living activities, leisure hours, the gender difference in housework hours, and recreational preference, while they have higher average paid work hours and fewer leisure alternatives than their urban counterparts. Their definitions of paid work, housework, and leisure activities are vague. (3) The definition of home by the older adults in rural places sometimes seems to go beyond the scope of their own house, and the extensive definition of home may change their recognitions of some activities. They also inclined to assign meaning to a place through frequent use rather than through external definitions. (4) The weak consciousness on buying services and deteriorated financial situation hinders the older adults in rural communities from expressing their real demands. Unspoken demands include economic security, recreational choices, and assistance in housework. The results will help to provide references for the improvement of eldercare services and the community environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Zhang
- School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200000, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Zhi Qiu
- Institute of Architectural Design and Theoretical Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China;
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Wang J, Xue J, Jiang Y, Zhu T, Chen S. Mediating effects of depressive symptoms on social support and quality of life among rural older Chinese. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:242. [PMID: 32690060 PMCID: PMC7372751 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01490-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is not well clear how psychosocial factors like depressive symptoms, social support affect quality of life in rural elderly in China. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of depressive symptoms in the association between social support and quality of life. METHODS Cross-sectional data of 420 rural elderly were taken from four villages in Hangzhou City. They were interviewed with a demographic questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depression, the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) for social support, and the short version of World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-BREF) for quality of life. Mediation was examined by a nonparametric Bootstrapping method, controlling for socioeconomic variables. RESULTS Poor quality of life was associated with low social support and increased depressive symptoms. A significant indirect effect of social support existed through depression in relation to quality of life (ab = 0.0213, 95% CI [0.0071, 0.0421]), accounting for 9.5% of the effect of social support on quality of life. Approximately 4.8% of the variance in QOL was attributable to the indirect effect of social support through depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Depressive symptoms mediated the impact of social support on quality of life among rural older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Wang
- Department of psychology and behavioral sciences, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, 310028, China
| | - Jiang Xue
- Department of psychology and behavioral sciences, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, 310028, China
| | - Yuxing Jiang
- Department of psychology and behavioral sciences, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, 310028, China
| | - Tingfei Zhu
- Department of psychology and behavioral sciences, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, 310028, China
| | - Shulin Chen
- Department of psychology and behavioral sciences, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, 310028, China.
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The Quality of Life of Seniors Hospitalized Due to Cardiovascular Diseases in Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103721. [PMID: 32466158 PMCID: PMC7277175 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the light of the increased ageing of the world population, social policy needs to be focused on actions aimed at improving the quality of life of older people. OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study was to assess the quality of life in a population of seniors hospitalized due to cardiovascular disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 408 elderly patients hospitalized for cardiovascular diseases in the Poddębickie Centrum Zdrowia Hospital in Poddębice, Łódzkie voivodship, Poland. The study used two survey questionnaires: the author's survey questionnaire and the standardized SF36v2 Questionnaire. Statistical analysis of the obtained test results was carried out in the R program, version 3.5.1. RESULTS Having analyzed the health status of the study group, it was found that the largest group of subjects (84.07%) were treated due to hypertension. Among the ailments that hindered daily functioning, the respondents indicated primarily poor eyesight (53.68%). Patients assessed their own health as 'mediocre' (average) (58.58%). The analysis of the study results from the SF36v2 Questionnaire showed that the highest quality of life was in the limited activity due to emotional problems (RE) dimension, social functioning (SF), and physical functioning (PF); the weakest scores were observed in vitality (VT), general health perception (GH), and health transition (HT) dimensions. CONCLUSIONS The significant demographic, social and socio-medical factors that determined respondents' quality of life were: age, gender, marital status, education and health situation. The analysis of quality of life according to the SF36v2 Questionnaire showed that the study group functioned better in the mental dimension (MCS-mental component summary, overall mental health) than in the physical one (PCS-physical component summary, total physical health).
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Zhang Y. Are Empty-Nest Elders Unhappy? Re-examining Chinese Empty-Nest Elders' Subjective Well-Being Considering Social Changes. Front Psychol 2020; 11:885. [PMID: 32508715 PMCID: PMC7251164 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging, the one-child policy, and migration have altered Chinese family structure and the number of empty-nest elders is increasing. Since living without children runs in the opposite direction of filial piety, empty-nest elders have typically been negatively viewed and depicted as unhappy. However, individualization and the unbalanced development of China may decrease the impact of children but increase the impact of the spouse and rural-urban gaps on elders' well-being. Therefore this study re-examined the subjective well-being of empty-nest elders considering these social changes. Participants (N = 765; age range = 60-94 years, M age = 70.25 years, SD age = 7.85; men = 45%) were recruited from two large cities, two small cities, and two rural areas in China. Elders' subjective well-being was measured by the Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness-Chinese version. Results showed that participants were happy on average; empty-nest elders were not unhappier than non-empty-nest elders. Elders living without a spouse and rural elders had a high risk of being unhappy. Policymakers should thus shift their attention from empty-nest families to the widowed and rural elders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
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Yang S, Li T, Yang H, Wang J, Liu M, Wang S, He Y, Jiang B. Association between muscle strength and health-related quality of life in a Chinese rural elderly population: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e026560. [PMID: 31924626 PMCID: PMC6955502 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between upper and lower limb muscle strength and the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of a Chinese rural, elderly population. DESIGN A population-based, cross-sectional study. SETTING Miyun, Beijing, China. PARTICIPANTS The participants of this study were 2083 (834 men and 1249 women) older adults from a rural area, (average age of ≥60 years), living in Miyun county, located on the outskirts of Beijing. Data were collected between May and October 2014. Handgrip strength and timed up and go tests (TUGT) were conducted to measure the muscle strength of their upper and lower limbs, respectively. The Euro Quality of Life (Euroqol) (EQ-5D)-Visual Analogue Scale was used to evaluate participants' HRQoL. RESULTS A significant association between handgrip strength and the EQ-5D index (β=0.015 per SD, 95% CI: 0.008 to 0.023, p<0.001) was discovered, following adjustments. The association between handgrip strength and the EQ-5D index in the ≥80 years group was found to be stronger than that of the 60-79 years group, following adjustment (β per SD: 0.013 vs 0.035). Similar results were observed when comparing the non-chronic disease group, in terms of TUGT time, against those with chronic diseases. CONCLUSIONS There was a significant relationship between muscle strength (measured via handgrip strength and TUGT time) and HRQoL (measured via EQ-5D index and VAS score) in the Chinese rural elderly population. Furthermore, this relationship was stronger in the older population (aged ≥80 years), and in those participants diagnosed with chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Disease, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, the 2nd Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Northern Military Area CDC, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianzhi Li
- The 2nd Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Disease, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbing Yang
- Miyun County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Disease, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, the 2nd Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Disease, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, the 2nd Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shengshu Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Disease, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, the 2nd Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yao He
- Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Disease, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, the 2nd Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, The 2nd Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Mert K, Aker AT. Effects of the Tell Me About Me Program: Perception of Social Support, Self-Esteem, and Self-Compassion in Older Adults. J Gerontol Nurs 2019; 45:39-46. [PMID: 31560075 DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20190825-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current quasi-experimental study was to investigate the effect of the Tell Me About Me program on the perception of social support, self-esteem, and self-compassion among 44 older adults in a nursing home in Turkey. Data were collected from May 2015 to May 2016 via a sociodemographic characteristics form, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory, and Self-Compassion Scale. The difference found between the mean scores of participants' perceived social support and self-esteem on the pretest, posttest, and retest was statistically significant (p < 0.01), but the difference in their mean scores in self-compassion on the pretest, posttest, and retest was not significant (p > 0.05). It is recommended that this program be used for improving social support and self-esteem among older adults. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 45(10), 39-46.].
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Hancock S, Wells Y. The change in quality of life for older Australians: A rural and urban comparison. Aust J Rural Health 2019; 27:322-327. [PMID: 31429139 DOI: 10.1111/ajr.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the quality of life of older Australians living in rural and urban communities over time. DESIGN Panel survey conducted in 2012-2013 and 2014-2015. SETTING Participants lived in metropolitan Melbourne (urban sample, N = 279), rural Victoria (N = 98) or Tasmania (N = 47). PARTICIPANTS All participants (N = 424) were clients of aged care providers or residents in retirement housing or residential care. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Quality of life. RESULT A repeated-measures analysis of variance showed a decrease in quality of life over time. There was no difference in change in quality of life over time by location of participants (urban vs rural). Multiple regression analysis showed that resilience predicted baseline quality of life in all three locations. CONCLUSION These findings generally did not support significant differences between geographic locations in trajectories of older adults' quality of life over time. Instead, individuals' resilience appears to be the strongest predictor of quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Hancock
- Public Health: Stroke Division, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience & Mental Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yvonne Wells
- College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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Hossain MK, Ferdushi KF, Khan HTA. Self-Assessed Health Status among Ethnic Elderly of Tea Garden Workers in Bangladesh. AGEING INTERNATIONAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12126-019-09354-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Heidari M, Sheikhi RA, Rezaei P, Kabirian Abyaneh S. Comparing Quality of Life of Elderly Menopause Living in Urban and Rural Areas. J Menopausal Med 2019; 25:28-34. [PMID: 31080786 PMCID: PMC6487286 DOI: 10.6118/jmm.2019.25.1.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study aimed to compare the quality of life of elderly menopause living in urban/rural areas of Abadeh, Iran. Methods This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted on 312 urban and 68 rural elderly population using the two-stage (systematic random classification) and objective-based sampling methods. Data were collected by Leiden-Padua questionnaire for assessment of quality of life in elderly menopause. SPSS software (version 21) and descriptive-analytical tests were used for data analysis. Results The results showed that the overall quality of life was 37.5 and 34.2 in rural and urban areas, respectively, and no statistically significant difference was observed between them. However, there was statistically significant difference in the mean score of depression and anxiety, cognitive function, social function, life satisfaction, and sexual activity in urban and rural elderly menopause (P < 0.001). Conclusions It seems necessary to pay more attention to the elderly menopause to improve their quality of life and consider proper planning for their empowerment and coping skills training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Heidari
- Community-Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, ShahreKord, Iran
| | - Rahim Ali Sheikhi
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Rezaei
- Department of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Henning-Smith C, Gonzales G. The Relationship Between Living Alone and Self-Rated Health Varies by Age: Evidence From the National Health Interview Survey. J Appl Gerontol 2019; 39:971-980. [PMID: 30894044 DOI: 10.1177/0733464819835113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite growing attention to the connection between living arrangements and health, less is known about how the health of individuals living alone varies by age. Using data from the 2016 National Health Interview Survey (N = 30,079), we estimated logistic regression models stratified by age group, comparing health by living arrangement and controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. Middle-aged adults living alone had higher odds of poor/fair self-rated health, compared with adults living with others (35-64 years of age: adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.19, p < .05). In contrast, older adults (65 years and older) living alone had significantly lower odds of reporting poor/fair health than their counterparts living with others (AOR = .70, p < .001). The direction of association between self-rated health and other covariates did not differ by age group. The relationship between living alone and health varies by age and policies and programs designed to support the growing population of people living alone should be tailored accordingly.
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Singh L, Goel R, Rai RK, Singh PK. Socioeconomic inequality in functional deficiencies and chronic diseases among older Indian adults: a sex-stratified cross-sectional decomposition analysis. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e022787. [PMID: 30819699 PMCID: PMC6398785 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Older adults with adverse socioeconomic conditions suffer disproportionately from a poor quality of life. Stratified by sex, income-related inequalities have been decomposed for functional deficiencies and chronic diseases among older adults, and the degree to which social and demographic factors contribute to these inequalities was identified in this study. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Data used for this study were retrieved from the WHO Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health Wave 1. A total of 3753 individuals (men: 1979, and women: 1774) aged ≥60 years were found eligible for the analysis. MEASURES Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL) deficiency and presence of chronic diseases. METHOD The decomposition method proposed by Adam Wagstaff and his colleagues was used. The method allows estimating how determinants of health contribute proportionally to inequality in a health variable. RESULTS Compared with men, women were disproportionately affected by both functional deficiencies and chronic diseases. The relative contribution of sociodemographic factors to IADL deficiency was highest among those with poor economic status (38.5%), followed by those who were illiterate (22.5%), which collated to 61% of the total explained inequalities. Similarly, for chronic diseases, about 93% of the relative contribution was shared by those with poor economic status (42.3%), rural residence (30.5%) and illiteracy (20.3%). Significant difference in predictors was evident between men and women in IADL deficiency and chronic illness. CONCLUSION Pro-poor intervention strategies could be designed to address functional deficiencies and chronic diseases, with special attention to women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucky Singh
- ICMR - National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India
| | - Richa Goel
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Prashant Kumar Singh
- Division of Preventive Oncology, ICMR - National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Bramanti A, D’Aloja E, Cabras F, Paribello P, Moro MF, Lindert J, Carta MG. The Elderly and the City: Lack of Knowledge on Violence Perception and Consequences on Daily Life. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2018; 14:46-52. [PMID: 29541151 PMCID: PMC5838642 DOI: 10.2174/1745017901814010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Two main demographic phenomena have substantially changed the condition of elderly: the growth of the urban population and the increase in longevity. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present review is to investigate how the elderly living in the cities perceive the sense of insecurity compared to those who reside in rural areas, and their Quality of Life (QoL). METHOD Studies published from January 2011 to August 2017 were identified on Google and PubMed combining the following terms: "elderly urban/rural QoL" or "old age urban/rural QoL". RESULTS We found 18 different papers published. However, there was only one study on how the elderly perceive the violence in the city. Studies on quality of life were not univocal. Studies on depressive disorders in old age were most homogeneous showing a condition worsening in the cities. A study on the perception of violence in US showed in residents of cities and neighborhoods with the entertainment arena and casinos an increase of criminality perception. In contrast, the crime decreased in both above-mentioned neighborhoods. CONCLUSION The condition of elderly in the cities is changed considerably in the recent years. It is estimated that this trend will increase in the coming years. We do not know how older people are experiencing these changes and how they perceive the persistence of violence in the cities. Future researches must satisfy this need by addressing the issue with appropriate methodological tools. This is a public health priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Bramanti
- Istituto di Scienze Applicate e Sistemi Intelligenti, ISASI, Messina, Italy
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Messina, Italy
| | - Ernesto D’Aloja
- Department of Social Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federico Cabras
- Department of Social Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Paribello
- Department of Social Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Jutta Lindert
- Soziale Arbeit und Gesundheit, University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Emden, Germany
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Social Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Zhang X, Xia R, Wang S, Xue W, Yang J, Sun S, Zhuang G. Relative Contributions of Different Lifestyle Factors to Health-Related Quality of Life in the Elderly. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15020256. [PMID: 29401658 PMCID: PMC5858325 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Much of the previous literature has studied the relationship between individual lifestyle factors and the health-related quality of life (HRQOL). However, only a few studies combined them to explore their relative importance to the HRQOL in the elderly. This study assesses the HRQOL of the urban, rural, and institutionalized Chinese elderly and explores the relative contributions of different lifestyle factors to their HRQOL. The SF-36v2 Health Survey, the WHOQOL-OLD module, and the socio-demographic and lifestyle questionnaire were utilized in this study. Hierarchical regression was performed in order to analyze the results. The physical and mental component scores of the SF-36v2 survey were 47.05 ± 9.95 and 54.92 ± 9.92, respectively. The total score for the WHOQOL-OLD module was 73.01 ± 11.99, with institutionalized persons reporting lower scores. For the physical component of the elderly participants’ HRQOL, the R2 value changed the most (0.116) when exercise-and-labor-related factors were added in. For the mental component, sleep-related (0.054), and leisure-time-activity-related factors (0.053) caused the largest change of the R2 value. For the elderly-specific HRQOL, measured by the WHOQOL-OLD module, the leisure-time-activity-related factors caused the largest change in the R2 value (0.119), followed by exercise-and-labor-related factors (0.078). Heterogeneity was present among the three subgroups. In sum, compared with their community-dwelling counterparts, the HRQOL of institutionalized older people was relatively poor and different lifestyle factors contributed to the HRQOL differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Heath, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Ruyi Xia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Heath, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Heath, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Heath, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Heath, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Shuliu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Heath, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Guihua Zhuang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Heath, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Associations of self-neglect with quality of life in older people in rural China: a cross-sectional study. Int Psychogeriatr 2017; 29:1015-1026. [PMID: 28245888 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610217000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elder self-neglect (ESN) has become a public health issue globally. Limited studies have focused on ESN, as well as the relationship between ESN and quality of life (QoL) in developing countries. The study's objective is to explore the association between ESN and QoL among rural elderly in China. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3,182 elder adults aged 60 years or older, using a cluster-sampling technique in one township in Dangtu, a county in Anhui province. All participants completed face-to-face interview in their household. QoL was assessed using a brief form of the World Health Organization's quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), and ESN was assessed using the Scale of the Elderly Self-neglect (SESN). Hierarchical linear regression models were used to analyze the associations between the ESN scores and QoL scores after adjusting for sociodemographic, social support, and physical and psychological variables. RESULTS The scores of overall ESN and five domains were significantly correlated with the scores of four QoL domains (p < 0.001). After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, social support, and physical and psychological health characteristics, elders who reported higher overall self-neglect scores had significantly lower scores in the four QoL domains (p < 0.001). Education, economic level, physical health, ADL, depression, and cognitive function are consistent predictors across all QoL domains. CONCLUSIONS ESN is an independent risk factor for poor QoL in elderly people in rural China. Understanding the role of ESN and its influence on QoL is important for the management of and intervention in ESN.
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Sun Y, Zhang D, Yang Y, Wu M, Xie H, Zhang J, Jia J, Su Y. Social Support Moderates the Effects of Self-esteem and Depression on Quality of Life Among Chinese Rural Elderly in Nursing Homes. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2017; 31:197-204. [PMID: 28359433 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2016.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Sun
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Menglian Wu
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Xie
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China; Department of Sociology, State University of New York Buffalo State, Buffalo, NY 14222, USA
| | - Jihui Jia
- School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yonggang Su
- School of Foreign Languages and Literature, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China; School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
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Dorji N, Dunne MP, Seib C, Deb S. Quality of Life Among Senior Citizens in Bhutan. Asia Pac J Public Health 2017; 29:35-46. [DOI: 10.1177/1010539516685609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study explored associations between quality of life (QOL), spirituality, social integration, chronic diseases, and lifetime adversity among people aged 60 years and older in Bhutan. Adults aged 60 to 101 years (n = 337) completed face-to-face interviews. The main measure included the World Health Organization QOL questionnaire and Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire. The social relationships domain of QOL had the highest mean. Frequent back pain, memory decline, depression, mobility impairment, insomnia, and lung diseases were commonly reported and negatively related to QOL. Compared with women, men reported fewer physical and mental health problems and better QOL. Multivariate analysis revealed that cumulative health problems, psychological distress, and social connectedness contributed significantly to overall QOL. The measure of spirituality was negatively associated with QOL, which is not conclusive and suggests the need for more research especially when the influence of spiritualism is highly visible in the everyday lives of Bhutanese people. The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to care for elderly people in Bhutan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidup Dorji
- Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Australia
- Khesar Gyalpo University of Medical Sciences of Bhutan, Bhutan
| | | | - Charrlotte Seib
- Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Australia
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Quality of urban life among older adults in the world major metropolises: a cross-cultural comparative study. AGEING & SOCIETY 2016. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x16000957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe concept of quality of urban life (QoUL) can be interpreted quite differently across different cultures. Little evidence has shown that the measure of QoUL, which is based on Western culture, can be applied to populations cross-culturally. In the current study, we use data from the 2006 Assessing Happiness and Competitiveness of World Major Metropolises study to identify underlying factors associated with QoUL as well as assess the consistency of the QoUL measurement among adults, aged 60 and older, in ten world major metropolises (i.e. New York City, Toronto, London, Paris, Milan, Berlin, Stockholm, Beijing, Tokyo and Seoul). Exploratory factor analysis and multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) are used to analyse the data. Findings of the study suggest that the measure of QoUL is sensitive to socio-cultural differences. Community factor and intrapersonal factor are two underlying structures that are related to QoUL among older adults in ten metropolises cross-culturally. Results from the CFA indicate that Toronto is comparable with Beijing, New York City, Paris, Milan and Stockholm in QoUL, while other cities are not. The results provide insights into the development of current urban policy and promotion of quality of life among older residents in major metropolitan areas. Future researchers should continue to explore the relationship between QoUL and socio-cultural differences within international urban settings, while remaining cautious when making cross-cultural comparisons.
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Ikai T, Yamtree S, Takemoto T, Tamura T, Kanayama H, Sato K, Kusaka Y, Hayashi H, Terasawa H. Medical care ideals among urban and rural residents in Thailand: a qualitative study. Int J Equity Health 2016; 15:2. [PMID: 26728405 PMCID: PMC4700660 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-015-0292-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care is generally considered to be more highly valued in urban areas than in rural areas. However, studies have reported that there is no difference in the health care values of urban and rural areas in the Kingdom of Thailand, with some studies even indicating that these values are stronger in rural areas. We, therefore, conducted interviews and implemented a qualitative investigation and analysis aimed at elucidating ideals relating to the medical environment among the Kingdom's urban and rural citizens. METHODS The study targeted Thai citizens residing in urban and rural areas. The city of Khon Kaen, located in Khon Kaen Province in northeastern Thailand, was selected as the urban area for the study. We selected Donyang village, located in the same province, as the rural study area. In July 2014, we conducted semi-structured group interviews, applying the Constructivist Grounded Theory (CGT) analytical approach. RESULTS We interviewed ten people in Khon Kaen (the urban area) and seven people from Donyang village (the rural area). Five major and distinctive themes emerged from the interviews. These were: locally appropriate standards of medical care, support for local lifestyles, satisfaction with local medical personnel, healthy lifestyles that do not rely on medical services, and desire for regional autonomy/desire to serve the region in terms of medical care. All of these themes were evident in both study areas. Thus, rather than relying on advanced medical services, both urban and rural Thai citizens expressed the desire to continue living within communities (considered as "families"), contributing to them, and tending to all of their health care needs within their communities. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed five common themes relating to forms of medical care regarded as ideal among urban and rural citizens of Thailand. Its findings could potentially have important implications for areas characterized by urban-rural inequities relating to the accessibility and utilization of medical services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Ikai
- Division of Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka-shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 9101193, Japan.
| | - Saowalak Yamtree
- Faculty of Nursing, College of Asian Scholars, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
| | - Takuji Takemoto
- Headquarters for Innovative Society-Academia Cooperation, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
| | - Taro Tamura
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of International and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
| | - Hitomi Kanayama
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of International and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Sato
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of International and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
| | - Yukinori Kusaka
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of International and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Hayashi
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
| | - Hidekazu Terasawa
- Division of Promotion of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
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Wang R, Yan Z, Liang Y, Tan ECK, Cai C, Jiang H, Song A, Qiu C. Prevalence and Patterns of Chronic Disease Pairs and Multimorbidity among Older Chinese Adults Living in a Rural Area. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138521. [PMID: 26394368 PMCID: PMC4578976 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The burden of chronic diseases in China is substantial now. Data on patterns of chronic diseases and multimorbidity among older adults, especially among those living in rural areas, are sparse. Objective We aim to investigate the prevalence and patterns of chronic disease pairs and multimorbidity in elderly people living in rural China. Methods This population-based study included 1480 adults aged 60 years and over (mean age 68.5 years, 59.4% women) living in a rural community. Data were derived from the Confucius Hometown Aging Project in Shandong, China (June 2010-July 2011). Chronic diseases were diagnosed through face-to-face interviews, clinical examinations, and laboratory tests. Patterns of chronic disease pairs and multimorbidity were explored using logistic regression and exploratory factor analyses. Results The prevalence of individual chronic diseases ranged from 3.0% for tumor to 76.4% for hypertension, and each disease was often accompanied with three or more other chronic diseases. The observed prevalence of pairs of chronic conditions exceeded the expected prevalence for several conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders, as well as pulmonary diseases and degenerative disorders. Chronic multimorbidity (≥2 chronic diseases) affected more than 90% of subjects, and two patterns of chronic multimorbidity were identified: cardiopulmonary-mental-degenerative disorder pattern (overall prevalence, 58.2%), and cerebrovascular-metabolic disorder pattern (62.6%). Prevalence of the cardiopulmonary-mental-degenerative disorder pattern increased with age, and was higher in men than women; whereas prevalence of the cerebrovascular-metabolic disorder pattern was higher in women than in men but did not vary by age. Conclusion Chronic multimorbidity was highly prevalent among older Chinese adults living in rural areas, and there were specific patterns of the co-occurrence of chronic diseases. Effort is needed to identify possible preventative strategies based on the potential clustering of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Health Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail: (CQ); (RW)
| | - Zhongrui Yan
- Department of Neurology, Jining No. 1 People’s Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Yajun Liang
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Health Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Edwin C. K. Tan
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Health Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chuanzhu Cai
- Xing Long Zhuang Hospital, Yankuang Group, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Xing Long Zhuang Hospital, Yankuang Group, Shandong, China
| | - Aiqin Song
- School of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Chengxuan Qiu
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Health Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail: (CQ); (RW)
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Song T, Ding YW, Sun Y, He YN, Qi DJ, Wu Y, Wu B, Lang L, Yu K, Zhao X, Zhu LL, Wang S, Yu XS. A population-based study on health-related quality of life among urban community residents in Shenyang, Northeast of China. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:921. [PMID: 26386951 PMCID: PMC4575423 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2238-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the rising standard of living environment and advances in public health and medical care in China, it has been a tendency in recent years that health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has been increasingly acknowledged in community health management. However, large-scale population-based study on evaluating HQRoL in northeast of China was not conducted. This article aims to investigate the HRQoL in community residents in Northeast China and explore the associated factors. METHODS Stratified multiple-stage sampling method was used in the cross-sectional survey to investigate HRQoL of community residents in northeast of China. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the factors associated to HRQoL of the community residents. RESULTS The results were confirmed that HRQoL in general population was well performed for the first time in northeast of China in a large scale population. Community residents had better mental health than physical health. The factors influencing HRQoL included gender, age, educational level, marital status, ethnic group, chronic disease status, having breakfast frequency weekly and sleep quality. However, drinking and smoking habits did not affect residents' HRQoL. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the result of the large-scale survey was satisfactory in northeast of China, providing HRQoL status of community residents. Policies on specific health management in community public health would emphasize on lifestyle behaviors especially eating habits in order to improving HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Song
- General Medical Practice of the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China.
| | - Yan-wei Ding
- General Medical Practice of the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China.
| | - Yan Sun
- General Medical Practice of the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China.
| | - Yi-Ni He
- General Medical Practice of the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China.
| | - Dian-Jun Qi
- General Medical Practice of the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China.
| | - Ying Wu
- General Medical Practice of the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China.
| | - Bin Wu
- General Medical Practice of the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China.
| | - Lang Lang
- General Medical Practice of the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China.
| | - Kai Yu
- General Medical Practice of the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China.
| | - Xin Zhao
- General Medical Practice of the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China.
| | - Liang-liang Zhu
- General Medical Practice of the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China.
| | - Shuang Wang
- General Medical Practice of the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Song Yu
- General Medical Practice of the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, PR China.
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Hien H, Berthé A, Drabo MK, Meda N, Konaté B, Tou F, Badini-Kinda F, Macq J. Prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity among the elderly in Burkina Faso: cross-sectional study. Trop Med Int Health 2014; 19:1328-33. [DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Hien
- Centre MURAZ; Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso
| | | | - Maxime Koiné Drabo
- Institut de Recherche en Science de la Santé; Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso
| | | | | | | | | | - Jean Macq
- Institute of Health and Society; Catholic University of Louvain; Bruxelles Belgium
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Hu X, Huang J, Lv Y, Li G, Peng X. Status of prevalence study on multimorbidity of chronic disease in China: systematic review. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2014; 15:1-10. [PMID: 25163532 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
It is imperative to provide a more uniform method to improve the validity of prevalence studies on multimorbidity. However, the status of prevalence studies on multimorbidity of chronic disease is still yet to be confirmed in China. The objective of the present systematic review was to evaluate the variance across prevalence studies and to explore possible explanations for variations in China. Published literature was obtained from four databases. The studies that described the prevalence of multimorbidity on chronic disease based on the general population were considered. We assessed the risk of bias by a preplanned checklist referring to STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology). The heterogeneity among eligible studies was estimated by I(2) statistic and P-value using MetaAnalyst software. Nine studies were eligible for this systematic review. The prevalence of multimorbidity among the population aged 60 years or more ranged from 6.4% (95% CI 5.1-8.0) to 76.5% (95%CI 73.6-79.2). However, just two of nine studies could be judged as having a low risk of bias. It was shown that key items introducing the risk of bias included inconsistent sampling method, lacking of uniform measure indices and data source based on self-report. Heterogeneity test showed I(2) = 50% (P < 0.001), which showed there was substantial variation among individual studies. Therefore, only a narrative summary rather than meta-analysis was carried out. Marked methodology heterogeneity exists among prevalence studies on multimorbidity. Suggested methodological aspects that should be considered in future studies include sampling method, measure indices of multimorbidity and data source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Liang Y, Li S. Landless female peasants living in resettlement residential areas in China have poorer quality of life than males: results from a household study in the Yangtze River Delta region. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2014; 12:71. [PMID: 24884618 PMCID: PMC4041916 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-12-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Urbanization has accelerated in China, and a large amount of arable land has been transformed into urban land. Moreover, the number of landless peasants has continually increased. Peasants lose not only their land, but also a series of rights and interests related with land. The problems of landless peasants have been long-standing; however, only a few studies have examined their health or quality of life (QOL). This paper assesses the QOL of landless peasants in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, analyzes gender differences, and explores health inequity. Methods Data are derived from household samples in six resettlement residential areas of three cities (Nanjing, Hangzhou, and Yangzhou) in the YRD region (N = 1,500; the effective rate = 82.4%). This study uses the short version of World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) scale to measure the QOL of landless peasants, and performs confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and analyze gender differences in QOL on the basis of CFA. Results and conclusion First, we use Analysis of Variance and Non-parametric Tests to test if the differences of mean value of testing generals have statistical significances. Results shows significant differences occur between the impacts of different genders on the four domains of QOL (physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment). The internal reliability of the WHOQOL-BREF scale is good (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.8), and the four domains of QOL are connected with each other. Second, scores in each QOL domain are commonly low, whereas the scores of females are much lower, indicating a poorer QOL than that of males. Third, results of the CFA of the QOL domains and their related observed variables indicate a good model fit. Fourth, results imply that the order of importance of the four domains (psychological health (males = 26.74%, females = 27.17%); social relationships (males = 26.23%, females = 25.35%); environment (males = 25.70%, females = 24.40%); and physical health (males = 21.33%, females = 23.08%)) affecting QOL from high to low is the same for landless male and female peasants, whereas the proportion of importance is different between genders. The results highlight the importance of government intervention to improve the QOL of Chinese landless peasants, ultimately reducing health inequity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- Department of Social Work and Social Policy, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China.
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Liang Y, Wu W. Exploratory analysis of health-related quality of life among the empty-nest elderly in rural China: an empirical study in three economically developed cities in eastern China. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2014; 12:59. [PMID: 24766880 PMCID: PMC4016644 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-12-59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Along with rapid economic development, the aging process in China is gradually accelerating. The living conditions of empty-nest rural elderly are worrisome. As a more vulnerable group, empty-nest elderly are facing more urgent health problems. This study explores the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of empty-nest elderly in rural China and aims to arouse more social concern for their HRQOL. METHODS Research subjects were empty-nest rural elderly from three cities: Nanjing, Suzhou, and Wenzhou (ages ≥ 60, n = 967). This study used the five-dimensional European quality of health scale (EQ-5D) and the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) to measure the HRQOL of the respondents. Spearman correlation coefficient, stereotype logistic regression, ordered probit regression and multinomial logistic regression, and Structural equation model (SEM) methods are employed to study the relationship. RESULTS (1) The Spearman correlation coefficient shows that the correlations of similar domains between the SF-12 and the EQ-5D scales are relatively strong. (2) Men's scores are higher than that of women's in general health (GH) and anxiety/depression (AD) models. (3) The scores of physical component summary (PCS), physical functioning (PF), mental health (MH), and usual activities (UA) decline with age. (4) Apart from PCS, vitality (VT), and role-emotional (RE) as dependent variables, the education passes all the significance tests. The higher the education is, the higher the scores of physical or psychological health are. (5) The scores of PCS and bodily pain (BP) of empty-nest elderly are divorced or higher in other marital status. (6) In SEM analysis, the effect of basic information of empty-nest elderly on SF-12 scale is more significant. CONCLUSIONS First, the frequency histograms of EQ-5D show that the scores of empty-nest elderly in rural China are generally low. Second, in all SF-12 items, the HRQOL is low. Third, men's scores are higher than that of women's. The elderly with higher education reported higher scores than those with lower education. Fourth, the effect of socio-demographic variables of the rural Chinese empty-nest elderly on SF-12 scores is more significant, whereas the effect on EQ-5D scores is less significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- Department of Social Work and Social Policy, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wu
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu province, People’s Republic of China
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Yang S, Hoshi T, Wang S, Nakayama N, Kong F. Socioeconomic status, comorbidity, activity limitation, and healthy life expectancy in older men and women: a 6-year follow-up study in Japan. J Appl Gerontol 2014; 33:831-47. [PMID: 24652922 DOI: 10.1177/0733464813503041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the structural contributions of socioeconomic status (SES), comorbidity, and activity limitation to the healthy life expectancy (HALE) of Japanese suburban elderly. A questionnaire survey was distributed to all residents aged 65 years and older in Tama City, Tokyo, in 2001; a follow-up study was conducted in 2004; and individual vital status data from the municipal residents' registry were tracked until 2007. In all, 7,905 respondents were included for analysis. Data analysis was performed by structural equation modeling (SEM). The data were well fit by the models, and HALE was found to be well explained by SES, comorbidity, and activity limitation (R (2) = .59 for men and R (2) = .71 for women). In conclusion, elderly people with higher SES were more likely to live longer with good self-rated health, via living with less chronic diseases and better performance in daily living activities, especially for elderly women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shuo Wang
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan
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Chen Y, Hicks A, While AE. Quality of life and related factors: a questionnaire survey of older people living alone in Mainland China. Qual Life Res 2013; 23:1593-602. [PMID: 24293059 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-013-0587-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is a growing population of older people living alone within the context of dramatic population ageing and changing living arrangements. However, little is known about the quality of life (QoL) of older people living alone in Mainland China. This study aimed to investigate QoL and its related factors among Chinese older people who live alone. METHODS A stratified random cluster sample of 521 community-dwelling older people living alone in Shanghai completed a structured questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. QoL was measured using the Older People's Quality of Life Questionnaire. Other data collected included self-rated health, physical health, cognitive function, depression, functional ability, loneliness, social support, physical activity, health services satisfaction, satisfaction with overall dwelling conditions and socio-demographic variables. RESULTS Older people living alone in Mainland China rated social relationships and financial circumstances as sources of low satisfaction within their QoL. Multiway analysis of variance showed that satisfaction with overall dwelling conditions, self-rated health, functional ability, depression, economic level, social support, loneliness, previous occupation and health services satisfaction were independently related to QoL, accounting for 68.8% of the variance. Depression and previous occupation had an interaction effect upon QoL. CONCLUSIONS This study identified nine factors influencing the QoL of older people living alone in Mainland China. Interventions to increase satisfaction with dwelling conditions, improve economic level, social support and functional ability, decrease loneliness and depression and improve health services satisfaction appear to be important for enhancing their QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R.China,
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Li M, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Chen K. Rural-urban differences in the long-term care of the disabled elderly in China. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79955. [PMID: 24224025 PMCID: PMC3818274 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In China, the rapid rate of population aging and changes in the prevalence of disability among elderly people could have significant effects on the demand for long-term care. This study aims to describe the urban-rural differences in use and cost of long-term care of the disabled elderly and to explore potential influencing factors. Methods This study uses data from a cross-sectional survey and a qualitative investigation conducted in Zhejiang province in 2012. The participants were 826 individuals over 60 years of age, who had been bedridden or suffered from dementia for more than 6 months. A generalized linear model and two-part regression model were applied to estimate costs, with adjustment of covariates. Results Pensions provide the main source of income for urban elderly, while the principal income source for rural elderly is their family. Urban residents spend more on all services than do rural residents. Those who are married spend less on daily supplies and formal care than the unmarried do. Age, incapacitation time, comorbidity number, level of income, and bedridden status influence spending on medical care (β=-0.0316, -0.0206, 0.1882, 0.3444, and -0.4281, respectively), but the cost does not increase as the elderly grow older. Urban residents, the married, and those with a higher income level tend to spend more on medical equipment. Urban residence and living status are the two significant factors that affect spending on personal hygiene products. Conclusions The use of long-term care services varies by living area. Long-term care of the disabled elderly imposes a substantial burden on families. Our study revealed that informal care involves huge opportunity costs to the caregivers. Chinese policy makers need to promote community care and long-term care insurance to relieve the burden of families of disabled elderly, and particular attention should be given to the rural elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Clinical Evaluation Analysis Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Kun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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The association of activity and participation with quality of life between Japanese older adults living in rural and urban areas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcgg.2012.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Vameghi R, Niksirat Z, Hatamizadeh N, Kazemnejad A. Health-related Quality of Life in Retired Older People in Tehran City. J Appl Gerontol 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/0733464810382413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Population aging has become an important social issue worldwide and the biggest challenge is improving older people’s quality of life. We aimed to determine the quality of life (QOL) of retired older adults in Tehran using the SF-36. About 321 men and 146 women, aged 60 to 69 (62%) and 70 or older (38%), participated. In the older group, the total QOL score was lower than in the younger group, but the older group scored higher in the mental domain. Education had a significant relationship with the mental domain of QOL, as did gender with the physical and mental domains. The income sufficiency state was significantly related to both domains of QOL. The findings can be useful in designing intervention studies that could eventually lead to application of strategies to promote QOL in retired older adults in Iran and other countries with similar sociocultural and economic backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Vameghi
- University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zahra Niksirat
- University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Nikta Hatamizadeh
- University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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