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Mulya KS, Zhou J, Phuang ZX, Laner D, Woon KS. A systematic review of life cycle assessment of solid waste management: Methodological trends and prospects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 831:154903. [PMID: 35367543 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Solid waste disposal has led to increasing concerns over resource, health, and environmental problems. These issues have been investigated using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) technique which helps identify the roots of varying hazards and allows decision-makers to improve the environmental performance of waste management practices. However, there is a lack of review studies that conducted meta-analysis related to developments in critical methodological steps of LCA on solid waste management. To fill this gap, this review paper examines 15 elements comprising the preference of journals, 13 LCA method-related characteristics, and economic assessment. Insights on the limitations and current practices of LCA applications, along with trends for future research, are provided. 240 studies on the LCA of SWM from 2009 until 2020 were systematically reviewed and classified into two major year-groups (i.e., 2009-2014 and 2015-2020) to investigate the trend changes. Among the studied elements, it is found that energy-related applications are on the increase in LCA studies on solid waste management. Anaerobic digestion facilities nearly double in appearance in the second year-group (2015-2020). There is also a more frequent occurrence of certain characterization methods like ReCiPe and CML. Functional units become more diverse, but are overall mostly defined on a mass basis. A frequently identified issue of many LCAs on solid waste management is the ambiguity of data sources such as out-of-date literature or inconsistent geographical references. By addressing issues of methodological standardization, this review study provides a basis to further increase the reliability of results of future LCA studies on solid waste management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Sebastian Mulya
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jinqin Zhou
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zhen Xin Phuang
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - David Laner
- Research Center for Resource Management and Solid Waste Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Kassel, Mönchebergstraße 7, 34125 Kassel, Germany
| | - Kok Sin Woon
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Pérez C, Arroyo P, Richards C, Mourgues C. Residential curbside waste collection programs design: A multicriteria and participatory approach using choosing by advantages. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 119:267-274. [PMID: 33099071 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Policy making involves translating political visions into programs that seek to change a social behavior. To design these programs, decision makers must consider multiple aspects to achieve sustainable solutions. Furthermore, decision makers must manage interrelated information and preferences of different stakeholders to ensure the policy suits the community and accomplishes its goals. This research provides evidence of the applicability of the Choosing by Advantages (CBA) decision system to make environmental public policies, in particular to design a waste collection program for a city in Canada. The methodology is based on a case study where CBA was used to choose the recycling, organics, and PAYT (Pay as you throw) utility components of the program. To analyze the process, researchers measured decision makers' perceptions of levels of satisfaction or frustration during the program-design process by conducting surveys with decision-makers at different stages in time. The research also measured decision-makers' preference for applying CBA over traditional practices where no formal decision-making method is used, in terms of (1) reaching consensus and transparency, (2) making complex decisions, and (3) making faster decisions. The results show that CBA helped to include multiple aspects in designing for sustainability, and to consider the municipality and community preferences into the program. The study also evidenced that satisfaction levels increased as the process progressed. Finally, 75% of decision makers reported preference for CBA regarding reaching consensus and transparency, while this preference was milder (55%) regarding making complex decisions, and the opposite (27%) regarding making faster decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Pérez
- Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.
| | - Paz Arroyo
- Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile; DPR, San Francisco, CA, United States.
| | | | - Claudio Mourgues
- Department of Construction Engineering and Management, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile.
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Monitoring of Biochemical Parameters and GHG Emissions in Bioaugmented Manure Composting. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8060681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Composting is a sustainable alternative for the management of manure. In this study, the effects of bioaugmentation on cattle manure composting was investigated. In this study, two windrow piles were placed at 1.7 m in height, 2.1 m in bottom width, 0.6 m in top width, and 54 m in length. Microbial inoculum was added to pile 1, whereas the second pile was used as the control. After 17 days, the C:N ratio was reduced from 25.6 to 13.6 and the total nitrogen was increased from 1.89% to 3.36% in pile 1. The dominant bacteria identified in the compost samples belonged to the genera Clostridium, Bacillus, and Flavobacterium. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction indicated that the most commonly known pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli, Shigella, and Salmonella, were not detected in the finished material, indicating that the pathogenic microorganisms were inactivated by the composting process. Agronomic testing for cured compost indicated a C:N ratio of less than 15 and NH+4-N:NO3−-N ratio of less than 1. The whole process of windrow composting resulted in net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 157.94 tCO2-e and a global warming factor (GWF) of 1.04 tCO2-e·t−1 manure composted. This study showed that although bioaugmentation is a feasible treatment method for manure, GHG emissions need to be monitored.
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Abstract
Biowaste represents a significant fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW). Its separate collection is considered as a useful measure to enhance waste management systems in both the developed and developing world. This paper aims to compare the environmental performance of three market-ready technologies currently used to treat biowaste—biowaste composting, fermentation, and biowaste incineration in waste-to-energy (WtE) plants as a component of residual municipal solid waste (RES). Global warming potential (GWP) was applied as an indicator and burdens related to the operation of facilities and credits obtained through the products were identified. The environmental performance of a WtE plant was investigated in detail using a model, implementing an approach similar to marginal-cost and revenues, which is a concept widely applied in economics. The results show that all of the treatment options offer an environmentally friendly treatment (their net GWP is negative). The environmental performance of a WtE plant is profoundly affected by its mode of its operation, i.e., type of energy exported. The concept producing environmental credits at the highest rate is co-incineration of biowaste in a strictly heat-oriented WtE plant. Anaerobic digestion plants treating biowaste by fermentation produce fewer credits, but approximately twice as more credits as WtE plants with power delivery only.
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Vieira VHADM, Matheus DR. Environmental assessments of biological treatments of biowaste in life cycle perspective: A critical review. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2019; 37:1183-1198. [PMID: 31623534 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x19879222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Municipal biowaste is a major environmental issue. Life-cycle assessment is a valuable tool to assess recycling options, and anaerobic digestion and composting have performed adequately. However, reviews indicate several discrepancies between studies. Thus, we critically review 25 life-cycle assessments of the composting and anaerobic digestion of municipal biowaste. Our objective is to identify decisive factors, methodological gaps and processes that affect environmental performance. We generally identified methodological gaps in expanding systems borders. In energy systems, the replaced energy source did not consider power generation or dynamic regulation. All studies adopted mixed energy sources or marginal approaches. Agroecosystems included the carbon sequestration potential and compensation for the production of synthetic fertilizers only. A limited range of scientifically proven benefits of compost use has been reported. In general, studies provided a limited account of the effects of use on land emissions, but contradictory assumptions emerged, mainly in modelling synthetic fertilizer compensation. Only three studies compensated direct emissions from the use of synthetic fertilizers, and none included indirect emissions. Further studies should include an analysis of the additional benefits of compost use, compensate for the effects of emissions from synthetic fertilizer use on land and mix attributional and consequential approaches in energy system expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo Argentino de Morais Vieira
- Centre of Engineering, Modelling and Applied Social Sciences, Environmental Science and Technology Graduate Program, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Dácio Roberto Matheus
- Centre of Engineering, Modelling and Applied Social Sciences, Environmental Science and Technology Graduate Program, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, Brazil
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Margallo M, Ziegler-Rodriguez K, Vázquez-Rowe I, Aldaco R, Irabien Á, Kahhat R. Enhancing waste management strategies in Latin America under a holistic environmental assessment perspective: A review for policy support. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 689:1255-1275. [PMID: 31466164 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Waste remains a serious environmental and human health hazard in developing nations, including those in Latin America and the Caribbean (LA&C). Despite important breakthroughs in waste management in LA&C, the region still faces many challenges that require special attention, such as the existence of uncontrolled open dumpsters (33%) or the low recovery rates of waste fractions (below 4%). Moreover, the adoption of sophisticated waste management technologies, such as incineration or anaerobic digestion, is still lagging. This review paper provides environmentally-sound and relevant policy support for municipal solid waste management stakeholders through a critical review of the current situation of the waste management sector in LA&C from an environmental perspective. Thereafter, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) bibliography linked to waste management, namely collection, sorting, recycling and landfilling applications and technologies worldwide, is used in order to understand potential alternative waste management strategies in LA&C, as well as the potential environmental benefits that could be attained. Finally, based on the holistic review and analysis, the adoption of more sophisticated technologies in landfill sites (e.g. landfill gas flaring), waste-to-energy, as well as higher recycling rates, would enhance waste management in the region and mitigate environmental impacts. A holistic view to support policy formulations, including climate action, for the adoption of integrated waste management strategies in LA&C is imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Margallo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, Av. de los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Kurt Ziegler-Rodriguez
- Peruvian LCA Network, Department of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Avenida Universitaria 1801, San Miguel, 15088 Lima, Peru
| | - Ian Vázquez-Rowe
- Peruvian LCA Network, Department of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Avenida Universitaria 1801, San Miguel, 15088 Lima, Peru
| | - Rubén Aldaco
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, Av. de los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Ángel Irabien
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, Av. de los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Ramzy Kahhat
- Peruvian LCA Network, Department of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Avenida Universitaria 1801, San Miguel, 15088 Lima, Peru.
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Abu Qdais H, Wuensch C, Dornack C, Nassour A. The role of solid waste composting in mitigating climate change in Jordan. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2019; 37:833-842. [PMID: 31218931 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x19855424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Solid waste composting has never been practised on a full scale in Jordan. However, the National Solid Waste Management Strategy recommended five major composting facilities to be put into operation starting from 2025. According to the Ministry of Environment, the waste sector is contributing to 10.6% of the total greenhouse gas emissions of the country. The main objective of this study was to assess the potential of solid waste composting in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in Jordan. Applying the upstream-operating-downstream account framework and developing a model that estimates the greenhouse gas emissions, it was possible to estimate the emissions associated with composting of source-segregated bio-waste, which was compared with three other scenarios, including business as usual (dumping and landfilling), sanitary landfilling, and anaerobic digestion. The assessment revealed that composting and anaerobic digestion of the total generated source-segregated bio-waste (Scenarios 3 and 4) have the least net greenhouse gas emissions with 1.1 million Mg CO2-eq y-1, while engineered sanitary landfilling and dumping have net emissions of 2.6 and 3.75 million Mg CO2-eq y-1, respectively. The findings of this research are paving the way to make informed and responsible decisions in the Jordanian solid waste sector to adopt sustainable and integrated management options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Abu Qdais
- 1 Civil Engineering Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, IRBID, Jordan
| | - Christoph Wuensch
- 2 Institute of Waste Management and Circular Economy, Technical University of Dresden, Pirna, Germany
| | - Christina Dornack
- 2 Institute of Waste Management and Circular Economy, Technical University of Dresden, Pirna, Germany
| | - Abdallah Nassour
- 3 Institute for Environmental Engineering, Rostock University, Rostock, Germany
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Li Y, Manandhar A, Li G, Shah A. Life cycle assessment of integrated solid state anaerobic digestion and composting for on-farm organic residues treatment. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 76:294-305. [PMID: 29571569 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Driven by the gradual changes in the structure of energy consumption and improvements of living standards in China, the volume of on-farm organic solid waste is increasing. If untreated, these unutilized on-farm organic solid wastes can cause environmental problems. This paper presents the results of a life cycle assessment to compare the environmental impacts of different on-farm organic waste (which includes dairy manure, corn stover and tomato residue) treatment strategies, including anaerobic digestion (AD), composting, and AD followed by composting. The input life cycle inventory data are specific to China. The potential environmental impacts of different waste management strategies were assessed based on their acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP), global warming potential (GWP), ecotoxicity potential (ETP), and resource depletion (RD). The results show that the preferred treatment strategy for dairy manure is the one that integrated corn stover and tomato residue utilization and solid state AD technologies into the system. The GWP of integrated solid state AD and composting was the least, which is -2900 kg CO2 eq/ t of dairy manure and approximately 14.8 times less than that of current status (i.e., liquid AD of dairy manure). Solid state AD of dairy manure, corn stover and tomato residues is the most favorable option in terms of AP, EP and ETP, which are more than 40% lower than that of the current status (i.e., AP: 3.11 kg SO2, EP: -0.94 kg N, and ETP: -881 CTUe (Comparative Toxic Units ecotoxicity)). The results also show that there is a significant potential for AP, EP, ETP, and GWP reduction, if AD is used prior to composting. The scenario analysis for transportation distance showed that locating the AD plant and composting facility on the farm was advantageous in terms of all the life cycle impact categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Li
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; College of Resource and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Ashish Manandhar
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Guoxue Li
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Ajay Shah
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA.
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Bong CPC, Goh RKY, Lim JS, Ho WS, Lee CT, Hashim H, Abu Mansor NN, Ho CS, Ramli AR, Takeshi F. Towards low carbon society in Iskandar Malaysia: Implementation and feasibility of community organic waste composting. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 203:679-687. [PMID: 27267145 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Rapid population growth and urbanisation have generated large amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) in many cities. Up to 40-60% of Malaysia's MSW is reported to be food waste where such waste is highly putrescible and can cause bad odour and public health issue if its disposal is delayed. In this study, the implementation of community composting in a village within Iskandar Malaysia is presented as a case study to showcase effective MSW management and mitigation of GHG emission. The selected village, Felda Taib Andak (FTA), is located within a palm oil plantation and a crude palm oil processing mill. This project showcases a community-composting prototype to compost food and oil palm wastes into high quality compost. The objective of this article is to highlight the economic and environment impacts of a community-based composting project to the key stakeholders in the community, including residents, oil palm plantation owners and palm oil mill operators by comparing three different scenarios, through a life cycle approach, in terms of the greenhouse gas emission and cost benefit analysis. First scenario is the baseline case, where all the domestic waste is sent to landfill site. In the second scenario, a small-scale centralised composting project was implemented. In the third scenario, the data obtained from Scenario 2 was used to do a projection on the GHG emission and costing analysis for a pilot-scale centralised composting plant. The study showed a reduction potential of 71.64% on GHG emission through the diversion of food waste from landfill, compost utilisation and significant revenue from the compost sale in Scenario 3. This thus provided better insight into the feasibility and desirability in implementing a pilot-scale centralised composting plant for a sub-urban community in Malaysia to achieve a low carbon and self-sustainable society, in terms of environment and economic aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassendra Phun-Chien Bong
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Rebecca Kar Yee Goh
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Jeng-Shiun Lim
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; UTM Low Carbon Asia Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Wai Shin Ho
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; UTM Low Carbon Asia Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Chew-Tin Lee
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; UTM Low Carbon Asia Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Haslenda Hashim
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; UTM Low Carbon Asia Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Naha Abu Mansor
- Faculty of Management, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Chin Siong Ho
- Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; UTM Low Carbon Asia Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rahim Ramli
- UTM Low Carbon Asia Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Fujiwara Takeshi
- Solid Waste Management Research Center, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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Amha YM, Sinha P, Lagman J, Gregori M, Smith AL. Elucidating microbial community adaptation to anaerobic co-digestion of fats, oils, and grease and food waste. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 123:277-289. [PMID: 28672212 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite growing interest in co-digestion and demonstrated process improvements (e.g., enhanced stability and biogas production), few studies have evaluated how co-digestion impacts the anaerobic digestion (AD) microbiome. Three sequential bench-scale respirometry experiments were conducted at thermophilic temperature (50 °C) with various combinations of primary sludge (PS); thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS); fats, oils, and grease (FOG); and food waste (FW). Two additional runs were then performed to evaluate microbial inhibition at higher organic fractions of FOG (30-60% volatile solids loading (VSL; v/v)). Co-digestion of PS, TWAS, FOG, and FW resulted in a 26% increase in methane production relative to digestion of PS and TWAS. A substantial lag time was observed in biogas production for vessels with FOG addition that decreased by more than half in later runs, likely due to adaptation of the microbial community. 30% FOG with 10% FW showed the highest increase in methane production, increasing 53% compared to digestion of PS and TWAS. FOG addition above 50% VSL was found to be inhibitory with and without FW addition and resulted in volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation. Methane production was linked with high relative activity and abundance of syntrophic fatty-acid oxidizers alongside hydrogenotrophic methanogens, signaling the importance of interspecies interactions in AD. Specifically, relative activity of Syntrophomonas was significantly correlated with methane production. Further, methane production increased over subsequent runs along with methyl coenzyme M reductase (mcrA) gene expression, a functional gene in methanogens, suggesting temporal adaptation of the microbial community to co-digestion substrate mixtures. The study demonstrated the benefits of co-digestion in terms of performance enhancement and enrichment of key active microbial populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamrot M Amha
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Pooja Sinha
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jewls Lagman
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Matt Gregori
- Divert, Inc., 23 Bradford Street, Concord, MA 01742, USA; Southern California Gas Company, 555 West Fifth Street, Los Angeles, CA 90013, USA
| | - Adam L Smith
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, 3620 South Vermont Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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Bernstad Saraiva A, Davidsson Å, Bissmont M. Lifecycle assessment of a system for food waste disposers to tank - A full-scale system evaluation. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 54:169-177. [PMID: 27184450 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An increased interest for separate collection of household food waste in Sweden has led to development of a number of different collection-systems - each with their particular benefits and drawbacks. In the present study, two systems for collection of food waste in households were compared; (a) use of food waste disposers (FWD) in kitchen sinks and (b) collection of food waste in paper bags for further treatment. The comparison was made in relation to greenhouse gas emissions as well as primary energy utilization. In both cases, collected food waste was treated through anaerobic digestion and digestate was used as fertilizer on farmland. Systems emissions of greenhouse gases from collection and treatment of 1ton of food waste (dry matter), are according to the performed assessment lower from the FWD-system compared to the reference system (-990 and -770kgCO2-eq./ton food waste dry matter respectively). The main reasons are a higher substitution of mineral nitrogen fertilizer followed by a higher substitution of diesel. Performed uncertainty analyses state that results are robust, but that decreasing losses of organic matter in pre-treatment of food waste collected in paper bags, as well as increased losses of organic matter and nutrients from the FWD-system could change the hierarchy in relation to greenhouse gas emissions. Owing to a higher use of electricity in the FWD-system, the paper bag collection system was preferable in relation to primary energy utilization. Due to the many questions still remaining regarding the impacts of an increased amount of nutrients and organic matter to the sewage system through an increased use of FWD, the later treatment of effluent from the FWD-system, as well as treatment of wastewater from kitchen sinks in the reference system, was not included in the assessment. In future work, these aspects would be of relevance to monitor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Å Davidsson
- Water and Environmental Engineering, LTH, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - M Bissmont
- VA SYD, Malmö, Sweden; Urban Studies, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
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Co-Benefits of Household Waste Recycling for Local Community’s Sustainable Waste Management in Thailand. SUSTAINABILITY 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/su7067417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Sánchez A, Artola A, Font X, Gea T, Barrena R, Gabriel D, Sánchez-Monedero MÁ, Roig A, Cayuela ML, Mondini C. Greenhouse Gas from Organic Waste Composting: Emissions and Measurement. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY FOR A SUSTAINABLE WORLD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-11906-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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14
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Dong J, Chi Y, Zou D, Fu C, Huang Q, Ni M. Comparison of municipal solid waste treatment technologies from a life cycle perspective in China. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2014; 32:13-23. [PMID: 24163375 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x13507311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
China has endured the increasing generation of municipal solid waste; hence, environmental analysis of current waste management systems is of crucial importance. This article presents a comprehensive life cycle assessment of three waste treatment technologies practiced in Hangzhou, China: landfill with and without energy recovery, and incineration with waste-to-energy. Adopting region-specific data, the study covers various environmental impacts, such as global warming, acidification, nutrient enrichment, photochemical ozone formation, human toxicity and ecotoxicity. The results show that energy recovery poses a positive effect in environmental savings. Environmental impacts decrease significantly in landfill with the utilization of biogas owing to combined effects by emission reduction and electricity generation. Incineration is preferable to landfill, but toxicity-related impacts also need to be improved. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis shows that the benefit of carbon sequestration will noticeably decrease global warming potential of both landfill scenarios. Gas collection efficiency is also a key parameter influencing the performance of landfill. Based on the results, improvement methods are proposed. Energy recovery is recommended both in landfill and incineration. For landfill, gas collection systems should be upgraded effectively; for incineration, great efforts should be made to reduce heavy metals and dioxin emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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How Eco-Efficient Are Low-Input Cropping Systems in Western Europe, and What Can Be Done to Improve Their Eco-Efficiency? SUSTAINABILITY 2013. [DOI: 10.3390/su5093722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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