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Deng J, Chen X, Wang D, Song Y, Chen Y, Ouyang D, Liang Y, Sun Y, Li M. Protective effect of hawthorn extract against genotoxicity induced by benzo(<alpha>)pyrene in C57BL/6 mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 200:110761. [PMID: 32470682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Benzo(<alpha>)pyrene [B(<alpha>)P], widely originated from environmental pollution or food process such as roasting and frying, is a strong mutagen and potent carcinogen. Utilization of hawthorn has been reported against physical mutagens. Our study found that hawthorn extract (HE) contained abundant phenolic compounds, wherein chlorogenic acid was 2.78 mg/g, procyanidine B2 was 3.58 mg/g, epicatechin was 2.99 mg/g DW, which may contribute to anti-genotoxicity activity. So, the role of HE against B(<alpha>)P-induced genotoxicity in C57BL/6 mice was further assessed. Fifty mice were distributed into five groups: control group, B(<alpha>)P group (30 mg/kg, i.p.), B(<alpha>)P + HE-L group (100 mg/kg, i.g.), B(<alpha>)P + HE-M group (200 mg/kg, i.g.), B(<alpha>)P + HE-H group (400 mg/kg, i.g.). Mice were orally administered with solutions of HE for 10 days and injected intraperitoneally with B(<alpha>)P for 3 days from the 8th day. Results showed that B(<alpha>)P can induce significantly pathological damage in liver, lung and spleen, as well as decrease white blood cells (WBCs). Remarkably elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA strand breaks (DSBs) and G1 cell cycle arrest were also found in B(<alpha>)P group, with upregulated expressions of p-H2AX, p-p53 and p21 in bone marrow cells. With administration of HE, liver, lung and spleen injury significantly mitigated, while WBCs were evidently increased in B(<alpha>)P-treated mice. Consistently, HE markedly reduced level of ROS, DSBs and G1 cell cycle arrest accompanied by reducing expressions of p-H2AX, p-p53 and p21 in bone marrow cells. Combined, these results indicated a protective role of HE on B(<alpha>)P-induced genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Ximiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Da Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Ya Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Yongchun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Dongmei Ouyang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China
| | - Yuanming Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
| | - Meiying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
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In Vitro Antigenotoxic, Antihelminthic and Antioxidant Potentials Based on the Extracted Metabolites from Lichen, Candelariella vitellina. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12050477. [PMID: 32456266 PMCID: PMC7285106 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12050477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lichens have recently received great attention due to their pharmacological potentials. The antigenotoxic potential of C. vitellina extract (25 and 50 µg/mL) was assessed in normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBL) against Mitomycin C (MMC) co-treatments. Flow cytometric analyses of cell cycle distribution, as well as apoptosis (Annexin V/PI), revealed that the extract had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) ameliorated the MMC toxicity by reducing the apoptotic cells and normalized the cell cycle phases. C. vitellina exhibited antigenotoxicity by ameliorating the diminished mitotic index and DNA single-strand breaks caused by MMC. Herein, the hydromethanolic extract (80%) of Candelariella vitellina (Japan) lichen, exhibited very low cytotoxicity towards normal human peripheral lymphocytes (HPBL) with IC50 >1000 µg/mL. In order to explore the antihelminthic effect, Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces were used in vitro. Eosin staining revealed significant (p ≤ 0.05) dose and time-dependent scolicidal effects of the extract confirmed by degenerative alterations as observed by electron scan microscopy. Furthermore, primary and secondary metabolites were investigated using GC-MS and qualitative HPLC, revealing the presence of sugars, alcohols, different phenolic acids and light flavonoids. Significant antioxidant capacities were also demonstrated by DPPH radical-scavenging assay. In conclusion, the promising antigenotoxic, antihelminthic and antioxidant potentials of C. vitellina extract encourage further studies to evaluate its possible therapeutic potency.
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Wu M, Liu L, Xing Y, Yang S, Li H, Cao Y. Roles and Mechanisms of Hawthorn and Its Extracts on Atherosclerosis: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:118. [PMID: 32153414 PMCID: PMC7047282 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially atherosclerosis, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally; it causes a considerable burden on families and caregivers and results in significant financial costs being incurred. Hawthorn has an extensive history of medical use in many countries. In China, the use of hawthorn for the treatment of CVD dates to 659 AD. In addition, according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, it acts on tonifying the spleen to promote digestion and activate blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis. This review revealed that the hawthorn extracts possess serum lipid-lowering, anti-oxidative, and cardiovascular protective properties, thus gaining popularity, especially for its anti-atherosclerotic effects. We summarize the four principal mechanisms, including blood lipid-lowering, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and vascular endothelial protection, thus providing a theoretical basis for further utilization of hawthorn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Longtao Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei Xing
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengjie Yang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Institute of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Renda G, Özel A, Barut B, Korkmaz B, Yayli N. In Vitro Protection by Crataegus microphylla Extracts Against Oxidative Damage and Enzyme Inhibition Effects. Turk J Pharm Sci 2018; 15:77-84. [PMID: 32454643 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.39200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Crataegus species have been used as food and also in folk medicine for the treatment of various diseases. The present study aimed to make investigations on the biologic properties of different extracts prepared from Crataegus microphylla C. Koch, which was collected from Turkey. Materials and Methods Dried leaf, stem bark, and fresh fruit samples of C. microphylla were separated and ethanol extract, acidified (0.5% HCl, pH: 2.5) ethanol extract, ethanol:water (1:1) extract, methanol extract, acidified (0.5% HCl, pH: 2.5) methanol extract, methanol:water (1:1) extract, water extract, and acidified (0.5% HCl, pH: 2.5) water extract were prepared for each. Various biologic effects such as the prevention of oxidative DNA damage, acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, α-glucosidase inhibition, and antioxidant effects with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, PRAP, and FRAP assays of these extracts at different concentrations were studied. Results Acidified methanol extract of stem barks exhibited the highest acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase inhibitions among the other extracts with IC50 values of 204.02±0.95 μg/mL and 37.30±0.27 μg/mL, respectively. Acidified ethanol extract of leaves was the most efficient extract against α-glucosidase, giving an IC50 of 15.78±0.14 μg/mL. The IC50 value of the acidified ethanol extract for DPPH was 9.89±0.09 µg/mL. Methanol extracts of leaves and stem barks at the dose of 125 µg/mL exhibited significant protective activity against DNA strand scission by hydroxyl radicals (.OH) on supercoiled pBR322 DNA. Conclusion Acidified methanol or ethanol extracts prepared with stem bark and leaf from C. microphylla have potential antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülin Renda
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Arzu Özel
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Burak Barut
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Büşra Korkmaz
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Nurettin Yayli
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Trabzon, Turkey
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Yonekubo BT, Alves HDMC, de Souza Marques E, Perazzo FF, Rosa PCP, Gaivão IODM, Maistro EL. The genotoxic effects of fruit extract of Crataegus oxyacantha (hawthorn) in mice. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2018; 81:974-982. [PMID: 30325712 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1503982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Crataegus oxyacantha L. (Rosaceae) is a medicinal plant with a long history of use in European, Chinese, and American. The majority of pharmacological activities associated with fruit extracts of C. oxyacantha L. are related to cardio-stimulant properties utilized in the treatment of atherosclerosis, hypertension with myocardic insufficiency, angina pectoris, cardiac rhythm alterations, and heart failure. Some other therapeutic uses for renal calculi, dyspnea, as well as a diuretic, sedative, and anxiolytic were also reported. Due to the beneficial potential of C. oxyacantha fruits extract but evidence in vitro of genetic toxicity, the aim of the present study was to examine the genotoxic potential of plant extract in vivo in mice. The extract was administered orally, daily by gavage at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight for seven days. Data demonstrated that C. oxyacantha extract did not markedly induce DNA damage in leukocytes and bone marrow cells by the comet assay; however, the extract produced a significant rise in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) at all tested doses in a non-dose dependent manner as evidenced by the micronucleus test. The PCE/normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) ratio indicated no significant cytotoxicity. Under our experimental conditions, C. oxyacantha fruits extract exhibited weak clastogenic and/or aneugenic effects in bone marrow cells of male mice, confirming our previous in vitro findings that this plant extract induced genotoxicity suggesting that prolonged or high dose use needs to be undertaken with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Thiemi Yonekubo
- a Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia , São Paulo State University - UNESP , Marília , SP , Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo de Souza Marques
- a Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia , São Paulo State University - UNESP , Marília , SP , Brazil
| | - Fábio Ferreira Perazzo
- b Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra , Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP - Instituto de Ciências Ambientais , Diadema , SP , Brazil
| | - Paulo César Pires Rosa
- c Faculdade de Ciências Médicas , Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | | | - Edson Luis Maistro
- a Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, Departamento de Fonoaudiologia , São Paulo State University - UNESP , Marília , SP , Brazil
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Habas K, Najafzadeh M, Baumgartner A, Brinkworth MH, Anderson D. An evaluation of DNA damage in human lymphocytes and sperm exposed to methyl methanesulfonate involving the regulation pathways associated with apoptosis. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 185:709-716. [PMID: 28732331 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to DNA-damaging agents produces a range of stress-related responses. These change the expression of genes leading to mutations that cause cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis and cancer. We have examined the contribution of haploid and diploid DNA damage and genes involved in the regulation of the apoptotic process associated with exposure, The Comet assay was used to detect DNA damage and quantitative RT-PCR analysis (qPCR) to detect gene expression changes in lymphocytes and sperm in response to methyl methanesulfonate. In the Comet assay, cells were administered 0-1.2 mM of MMS at 37 °C for 30 min for lymphocytes and 32 °C for 60 min for sperm to obtain optimal survival for both cell types. In the Comet assay a significant increase in Olive tail moment (OTM) and % tail DNA indicated DNA damage at increasing concentrations compared to the control group. In the qPCR study, cells were treated for 4 h, and RNA was isolated at the end of the treatment. qPCR analysis of genes associated with DNA stress responses showed that TP53 and CDKN1A are upregulated, while BCL2 is downregulated compared with the control. Thus, MMS caused DNA damage in lymphocytes at increasing concentrations, but appeared not to have the same effect in sperm at the low concentrations. These results indicate that exposure to MMS increased DNA damage and triggered the apoptotic response by activating TP53, CDKN1A and BCL2. These findings of the processing of DNA damage in human lymphocytes and sperm should be taken into account when genotoxic alterations in both cell types are produced when monitoring human exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Habas
- Division of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Mojgan Najafzadeh
- Division of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Adolf Baumgartner
- Division of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK; School of Health Sciences, Biomedical Science, York St John University, Lord Mayor's Walk, York, YO31 7EX, UK
| | - Martin H Brinkworth
- Division of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Diana Anderson
- Division of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK.
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de Quadros APO, Mazzeo DEC, Marin-Morales MA, Perazzo FF, Rosa PCP, Maistro EL. Fruit extract of the medicinal plant Crataegus oxyacantha exerts genotoxic and mutagenic effects in cultured cells. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:161-170. [PMID: 28277037 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2016.1272517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Crataegus oxyacantha, a plant of the Rosaceae family also known "English hawthorn, haw, maybush, or whitethorn," has long been used for medicinal purposes such as digestive disorders, hyperlipidemia, dyspnea, inducing diuresis, and preventing kidney stones. However, the predominant use of this plant has been to treat cardiovascular disorders. Due to a lack of studies on the genotoxicity of C. oxyacantha, this investigation was undertaken to determine whether its fruit extract exerts cytotoxic, genotoxic, or clastogenic/aneugenic effects in leukocytes and HepG2 (liver hepatocellular carcinoma) cultured human cells, or mutagenic effects in TA100 and TA98 strains of Salmonella typhimurium bacterium. Genotoxicity analysis showed that the extract produced no marked genotoxic effects at concentrations of 2.5 or 5 µg/ml in either cell type; however, at concentrations of 10 µg/ml or higher significant DNA damage was detected. The micronucleus test also demonstrated that concentrations of 10 µg/ml or higher produced clastogenic/aneugenic responses. In the Ames test, the extract induced mutagenic effects in TA98 strain of S. typhimurium with metabolic activation at all tested concentrations (2.5 to 500 µg/ml). Data indicate that, under certain experimental conditions, the fruit extract of C. oxyacantha exerts genotoxic and clastogenic/aneugenic effects in cultured human cells, and with metabolism mutagenicity occurs in bacteria cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Oliveira de Quadros
- a Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Instituto de Biociências, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Geral e Aplicada , Botucatu , SP , Brazil
| | | | - Maria Aparecida Marin-Morales
- b Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Instituto de Biociências , Departamento de Biologia , Rio Claro , SP , Brazil
| | - Fábio Ferreira Perazzo
- c Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP - Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas , Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra , Diadema , SP , Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Pires Rosa
- d Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Edson Luis Maistro
- a Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Instituto de Biociências, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Geral e Aplicada , Botucatu , SP , Brazil
- e Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências , Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Marilia , SP , Brazil
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Gao X, Zhang G, Shan S, Shang Y, Chi L, Li H, Cao Y, Zhu X, Zhang M, Yang J. Depletion of Paraspeckle Protein 1 Enhances Methyl Methanesulfonate-Induced Apoptosis through Mitotic Catastrophe. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146952. [PMID: 26785254 PMCID: PMC4718682 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we have shown that paraspeckle protein 1 (PSPC1), a protein component of paraspeckles that was involved in cisplatin-induced DNA damage response (DDR), probably functions at the G1/S checkpoint. In the current study, we further examined the role of PSPC1 in another DNA-damaging agent, methyl methanesulfonate (MMS)-induced DDR, in particular, focusing on MMS-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells. First, it was found that MMS treatment induced the expression of PSPC1. While MMS treatment alone can induce apoptosis, depletion of PSPC1 expression using siRNA significantly increased the level of apoptosis following MMS exposure. In contrast, overexpressing PSPC1 decreased the number of apoptotic cells. Interestingly, morphological observation revealed that many of the MMS-treated PSPC1-knockdown cells contained two or more nuclei, indicating the occurrence of mitotic catastrophe. Cell cycle analysis further showed that depletion of PSPC1 caused more cells entering the G2/M phase, a prerequisite of mitosis catastrophe. On the other hand, over-expressing PSPC1 led to more cells accumulating in the G1/S phase. Taken together, these observations suggest an important role for PSPC1 in MMS-induced DDR, and in particular, depletion of PSPC1 can enhance MMS-induced apoptosis through mitotic catastrophe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjing Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310051, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Guanglin Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Shigang Shan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Yunlong Shang
- Zhejiang CONBA Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Linfeng Chi
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Hongjuan Li
- Department of Toxicology, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Yifei Cao
- Department of Toxicology, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Xinqiang Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Meibian Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310051, China
- * E-mail: (MBZ); (JY)
| | - Jun Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
- Department of Toxicology, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
- * E-mail: (MBZ); (JY)
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de Oliveira PF, Damasceno JL, Nicolella HD, Bertanha CS, Pauletti PM, Tavares DC. Influence of Styrax camporum and of Chemical Markers (Egonol and Homoegonol) on DNA Damage Induced by Mutagens with Different Mechanisms of Action. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 39:1839-1845. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Li F, Chen X, Xu B, Zhou H. Curcumin induces p53-independent necrosis in H1299 cells via a mitochondria-associated pathway. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7806-14. [PMID: 26460892 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin has been shown to have various therapeutic and/or adjuvant therapeutic effects on human cancers, as it inhibits cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis through p53-dependent molecular pathways. However, numerous cancer cell types bear a mutant p53 gene, and whether curcumin has any therapeutic effects on p53-deficient/mutant cancer cells has remained elusive. The present study sought to determine whether curcumin exerts any anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects on the p53-deficient H1299 human lung cancer cell line via a p53-independent mechanism. An MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis indicated that curcumin significantly decreased cell proliferation and induced necrotic cell death. Western blot analysis of the cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions of H1299 cells as well as a fluorometric caspase assay indicated that curcumin-induced necrosis was mitochondria- and caspase-dependent, and resulted in cytochrome c release. Of note, this necrotic cell death was reduced following inhibition of B-cell lymphoma‑2 (Bcl-2)‑associated X protein (Bax) or Bcl‑2 homologous antagonist killer (Bak) as well as overexpression of Bcl-2. In conclusion, the present study suggested that curcumin-induced necrotic cell death was mediated via a p53-independent molecular pathway, which was associated with Bax and Bak translocation, caspase activation and cytochrome c release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feie Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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Nabavi SF, Habtemariam S, Ahmed T, Sureda A, Daglia M, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Nabavi SM. Polyphenolic Composition of Crataegus monogyna Jacq.: From Chemistry to Medical Applications. Nutrients 2015; 7:7708-28. [PMID: 26378574 PMCID: PMC4586556 DOI: 10.3390/nu7095361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The abundance of scientific evidence has shown that many synthetic drugs can cause serious adverse effects in patients. Recently, the search of natural therapeutic agents with low adverse effects has attracted much attention. In particular, considerable interest has focused on edible and medicinal plants, which play an important role in human diet, and have been used for disease treatment since ancient times. Crataegus monogyna Jacq. (hawthorn) is one of the most important edible plants of the Rosaceae family and is also used in traditional medicine. Growing evidence has shown that this plant has various interesting physiological and pharmacological activities due to the presence of different bioactive natural compounds. In addition, scientific evidence suggests that the toxicity of hawthorn is negligible. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to provide a critical review of the available scientific literature about pharmacological activities as well as botanical aspects, phytochemistry and clinical impacts of C. monogyna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1193653471, Iran.
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories, Medway School of Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham-Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
| | - Touqeer Ahmed
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, and CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Palma de Mallorca E-07122, Spain.
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Galicia 15782, Spain.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1193653471, Iran.
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Hosseinimehr SJ, Mahmoudzadeh A, Rafiei A. Arginine increases genotoxicity induced by methyl methanesulfonate in human lymphocytes. Cytotechnology 2013; 65:379-84. [PMID: 22907509 PMCID: PMC3597170 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-012-9490-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical that is produced in cells from L-arginine. NO is involved in the physiological control of different tissues, but it can act as a toxic mediator in the cells. In this study we investigated the effect of L-arginine on the genotoxicity induced by methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) in human lymphocytes. Blood was treated with N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) as an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase for finding out the role of NO in this effect. Human whole blood was treated with L-arginine (50, 100 and 250 μM) and/or L-NAME, then it was treated in vitro with MMS after 24 h of culture. The lymphocytes were stimulated by phytohemagglutinin to find out the micronuclei in cytokinesis-blocked binucleated cells. DNA fragmentation of lymphocytes was detected by using a fluorescence microscope after propidium iodide staining. These data showed that arginine increased the frequency of MMS-induced micronuclei in lymphocytes. However, the genotoxicity was decreased by using L-NAME. Arginine and L-NAME have not shown any DNA damage in cultured human lymphocytes. In conclusion, addition of L-arginine to MMS as an alkylating agent caused an increase of DNA damage in human lymphocytes. This enhancement of genotoxicity was reduced by NAME as NO inhibitor. It is thus cleared that an increase of DNA damage by arginine and MMS is related to NO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran,
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Jiang Y, Zhang XY, Sun L, Zhang GL, Duerksen-Hughes P, Zhu XQ, Yang J. Methyl methanesulfonate induces apoptosis in p53-deficient H1299 and Hep3B cells through a caspase 2- and mitochondria-associated pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2012; 34:694-704. [PMID: 23117069 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2012.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) has been shown to induce apoptosis in various cell types through p53-dependent pathways. Nevertheless, pharmacological and genetic blockade of p53 functions results in similar or delayed sensitivity to MMS treatment, suggesting the presence of p53-independent apoptotic mechanisms. To understand the p53-independent mechanisms that are engaged during MMS-induced apoptosis, we established MMS-induced apoptotic cell models using p53-deficient H1299 and Hep3B cells. Our results demonstrated that MMS at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μM induced the formation of gammaH2AX foci, and that at higher concentrations, 400 and 800 μM, MMS treatment led to apoptosis in the two cell lines. This apoptotic cell death was concurrent with the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, nuclear-cytosolic translocation of active caspase 2, release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, and the cleavage of caspase 9, caspase 3 and PARP. However, MMS-induced DNA damage failed to stabilize the p53 family members TAp73 and DNp73. These results demonstrated a p53- and p73-independent mechanism for MMS-induced apoptosis that involves the nuclear-cytosolic translocation of active caspase 2 as well as the mitochondria-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
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