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Malik NA, Nazir N, Manzoor M, Gull F. Fungicide-albumin interactions: unraveling the complex relationship-a comprehensive review. Biophys Rev 2024; 16:417-439. [PMID: 39309131 PMCID: PMC11415336 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-024-01190-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This review will give an insight into the interactions of serum albumins, which are proteins found in the blood, with fungicides. There are molecular interactions between several fungicides and two serum albumin proteins: human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The main objective of this review is to through some light on the interactions of the fungicides with serum albumins and to highlight their toxicity level. The interactions of serum albumins with fungicides are complex and can be affected by the properties of the proteins themselves. This review provides valuable insight into the interactions between serum albumins and fungicides, which can help to know the efficacy and mechanism of fungicides and may help in designing new fungicides with low or no toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisar Ahmad Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Nighat Nazir
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Mehak Manzoor
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir India
| | - Faizan Gull
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir India
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2
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Chen J, Akhtar M, Hardej D. Exposure to dithiocarbamate fungicide Ziram results in hepatic and renal toxicity in Long Evan rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 99:104116. [PMID: 37011740 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Ziram is a dimethyldithiocarbamate fungicide that is complexed to the metal zinc. The focus of this study is to examine the effects of dimethyldithiocarbamate exposure on metal homeostasis, glutathione levels, and the physiological parameters of the kidney and liver in Long-Evan rats. Our results indicate significant accumulation of copper or zinc, and changes in total GSH or GSH/GSSG ratio in the liver and kidneys of animals treated with Ziram only. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney sections indicate the presence of infiltrates in the liver of animals treated with Ziram only, whereas protein aggregates, sloughing of cells and increased KIM-1 positive cells, an indicator of tubule deterioration, are seen in the kidneys of animals treated with Ziram and sodium-dimethyldithiocarbamate, the salt form of the dimethyldithiocarbmate backbone. These findings suggest that the overall toxicological effect of Ziram is mediated by an intrinsic property rather than to dimethyldithiocarbamate backbone or metal moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY 11439, USA
| | - Mumtaz Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY 11439, USA
| | - Diane Hardej
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY 11439, USA.
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3
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Wen L, Miao X, Ding J, Tong X, Wu Y, He Y, Zheng F. Pesticides as a risk factor for cognitive impairment: Natural substances are expected to become alternative measures to prevent and improve cognitive impairment. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1113099. [PMID: 36937345 PMCID: PMC10016095 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1113099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are the most effective way to control diseases, insects, weeds, and fungi. The central nervous system (CNS) is damaged by pesticide residues in various ways. By consulting relevant databases, the systemic relationships between the possible mechanisms of pesticides damage to the CNS causing cognitive impairment and related learning and memory pathways networks, as well as the structure-activity relationships between some natural substances (such as polyphenols and vitamins) and the improvement were summarized in this article. The mechanisms of cognitive impairment caused by pesticides are closely related. For example, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation can constitute three feedback loops that interact and restrict each other. The mechanisms of neurotransmitter abnormalities and intestinal dysfunction also play an important role. The connection between pathways is complex. NMDAR, PI3K/Akt, MAPK, Keap1/Nrf2/ARE, and NF-κB pathways can be connected into a pathway network by targets such as Ras, Akt, and IKK. The reasons for the improvement of natural substances are related to their specific structure, such as polyphenols with different hydroxyl groups. This review's purpose is to lay a foundation for exploring and developing more natural substances that can effectively improve the cognitive impairment caused by pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liankui Wen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiwen Miao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jia Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuewen Tong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuzhu Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Yuzhu Wu, ✉
| | - Yang He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Yang He, ✉
| | - Fei Zheng
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Fei Zheng, ✉
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4
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Wen Z, Lei Z, Tian E, Wang Y, Zhong Y, Ge RS. Inhibition of human sperm motility and capacitation by ziram is mediated by decreasing tyrosine protein kinase. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 218:112281. [PMID: 33984659 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many endocrine disruptors may interfere with sperm motility, hyperactivation, and capacitation, thereby leading to male infertility. In the current study, we screened 14 endocrine disruptors, including plant ingredients, cigarette ingredients, minerals, insecticides and fungicides, plastics, and plasticizers, to inhibit human sperm motility and forward motility. Only ziram, a dithiocarbamate fungicide, can effectively inhibit sperm motility, forward motility, hyperactivation, capacitation, and spontaneous acrosome reaction of normal human spermatozoa. Its half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were less than 4 μM. Ziram also inhibited sperm motility and forward motility of asthenozoospermia spermatozoa and IC50 values were about 6-8 μM. In addition, ziram inhibited normal sperm motility, calcium influx, reactive oxygen species, and mitochondrial membrane potential at 2.5 and/or 5 μM, with IC50 values exceeding 100 μM, although it did not affect sperm DNA fragmentation up to 5 μM. Ziram-mediated inhibition of sperm motility and forward motility was irreversible. Forskolin, 8Br-cAMP, pentoxifylline, progesterone, vitamin E, and A23187 cannot prevent ziram-mediated inhibition of sperm motility and forward motility. Further studies have shown that ziram inhibited the level of tyrosine protein kinase with an IC50 value of about 10 μM, without affecting p21-activated kinase 4, and it caused damage to the mitochondrial structure of normal spermatozoa at 2.5 and 5 μM. In conclusion, ziram irreversibly inhibits human sperm motility, forward motility, and capacitation by reducing the level of tyrosine protein kinase and damaging the ultrastructure of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zina Wen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Zhen Lei
- Department of Andrology, Chengdu Xi'nan Gynecological Hospital and Chengdu Jinjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Erpo Tian
- Department of Andrology, Chengdu Xi'nan Gynecological Hospital and Chengdu Jinjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Ying Zhong
- Department of Andrology, Chengdu Xi'nan Gynecological Hospital and Chengdu Jinjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
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5
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Comparative study of the effects of ziram and disulfiram on human monocyte-derived macrophage functions and polarization: involvement of zinc. Cell Biol Toxicol 2020; 37:379-400. [PMID: 32712770 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-020-09540-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Ziram, a zinc dithiocarbamate is widely used worldwide as a fungicide in agriculture. In order to investigate ziram-induced changes in macrophage functions and polarization, human monocytes-derived macrophages in culture were treated with ziram at 0.01-10 μmol.L-1 for 4-24 h. To characterize zinc involvement in these changes, we also determined the effects of disulfiram alone (dithiocarbamate without zinc) or in co-incubation with ZnSO4. We have shown that ziram and disulfiram at 0.01 μmol.L-1 increased zymosan phagocytosis. In contrast, ziram at 10 μmol.L-1 completely inhibited this phagocytic process, the oxidative burst triggered by zymosan and the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and CCL2 triggered by LPS. Disulfiram had the same effects on these macrophages functions only when combined with zinc (10 μmol.L-1). In contrast, at 10 μmol.L-1 ziram and zinc associated-disulfiram induced expression of several antioxidants genes HMOX1, SOD2, and catalase, which could suggest the induction of oxidative stress. This oxidative stress could be involved in the increase in late apoptosis induced by ziram (10 μmol.L-1) and zinc associated-disulfiram. Concerning gene expression profiles of membrane markers of macrophage polarization, ziram at 10 μmol.L-1 had two opposite effects. It inhibited the gene expression of M2 markers (CD36, CD163) in the same way as the disulfiram-zinc co-treatment. Conversely, ziram induced gene expression of other M2 markers CD209, CD11b, and CD16 in the same way as treatment with zinc alone. Disulfiram-zinc association had no significant effects on these markers. These results taken together show that ziram via zinc modulates macrophages to M2-like anti-inflammatory phenotype which is often associated with various diseases.
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The environmental toxicant ziram enhances neurotransmitter release and increases neuronal excitability via the EAG family of potassium channels. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 143:104977. [PMID: 32553709 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental toxicants have the potential to contribute to the pathophysiology of multiple complex diseases, but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. One such toxicant is the widely used fungicide ziram, a dithiocarbamate known to have neurotoxic effects and to increase the risk of Parkinson's disease. We have used Drosophila melanogaster as an unbiased discovery tool to identify novel molecular pathways by which ziram may disrupt neuronal function. Consistent with previous results in mammalian cells, we find that ziram increases the probability of synaptic vesicle release by dysregulation of the ubiquitin signaling system. In addition, we find that ziram increases neuronal excitability. Using a combination of live imaging and electrophysiology, we find that ziram increases excitability in both aminergic and glutamatergic neurons. This increased excitability is phenocopied and occluded by null mutant animals of the ether a-go-go (eag) potassium channel. A pharmacological inhibitor of the temperature sensitive hERG (human ether-a-go-go related gene) phenocopies the excitability effects of ziram but only at elevated temperatures. seizure (sei), a fly ortholog of hERG, is thus another candidate target of ziram. Taken together, the eag family of potassium channels emerges as a candidate for mediating some of the toxic effects of ziram. We propose that ziram may contribute to the risk of complex human diseases by blockade of human eag and sei orthologs, such as hERG.
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Fu YW, Wang B, Zhang QZ, Xu DH, Liu YM, Hou TL, Guo SQ. Efficacy and antiparasitic mechanism of 10-gingerol isolated from ginger Zingiber officinale against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in grass carp. Vet Parasitol 2019; 265:74-84. [PMID: 30638524 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Ichthyophthirius multifiliis is a ciliate parasite of freshwater fish with a global distribution and results in severe economic losses in aquaculture. The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy and antiparasitic mechanism of active compounds isolated from Zingiber officinale against I. multifiliis. Three compounds were isolated from the Z. officinale extract and identified as 10-gingerol, 6-dehydroshogaol, and 6-dehydro-10-gingerol. 10-gingerol demonstrated the greatest antiparasitic efficacy in vitro. 10-gingerol resulted in 100% mortalities of theronts, nonencysted tomonts, and encysted tomonts at concentrations of 2, 8, and 16 mg/L, respectively. 10-gingerol significantly reduced theronts infectivity (p < 0.05) at a concentration of 1 mg/L, and it was effective in treating infected grass carp and protecting naïve fish from I. multifiliis infestation at a concentration of 4 mg/L. The antiparasitic mechanism might be attributed to the increase of intracellular osmotic pressure, accumulation of free radicals, and membrane damage of I. multifiliis post 10-gingerol treatment. The study demonstrated that 10-gingerol had the potential as a therapeutic agent against I. multifiliis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Wu Fu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, West 601 Huangpu Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, West 601 Huangpu Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Zhong Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, West 601 Huangpu Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
| | - De-Hai Xu
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit, 990 Wire Road, Auburn, AL, 36832-4352, USA
| | - Yan-Meng Liu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, West 601 Huangpu Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Long Hou
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, West 601 Huangpu Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Quan Guo
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, West 601 Huangpu Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
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8
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Cao F, Souders CL, Li P, Adamovsky O, Pang S, Qiu L, Martyniuk CJ. Developmental toxicity of the fungicide ziram in zebrafish (Danio rerio). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 214:303-313. [PMID: 30265938 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ziram is a broad spectrum pesticide that belongs to the class of dimethyl-dithiocarbamate (DTC) fungicides. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of ziram in developing zebrafish. Ziram was highly toxic to zebrafish embryos, with a 96-h LC50 value of 1082.54 nM (∼0.33 mg/L). Zebrafish embryos at 6 h post-fertilization (hpf) were exposed to solvent control (0.1% DMSO), or one dose of 1, 10, 100, and 1000 nM ziram for 96 h. Ziram induced lethality in a dose-dependent manner, decreased hatching rate and heartbeat, and caused wavy deformities at 72 and 96 hpf at 100 and 1000 nM. Basal oxygen consumption rates of zebrafish at 24 hpf were decreased with 1000 nM, suggesting that ziram affects oxidative phosphorylation. We also measured the expression of transcripts associated with the oxidative stress response (sod1 and sod2) and dopamine receptor signaling at ∼96 h of exposure. There was no difference in the expression of genes related to oxidative stress, nor those related to the dopamine system. Locomotor activity was also assessed in larval zebrafish (7 dpf), and ziram increased total activity, the velocity in light zone, and total distance moved at 10 nM, while it decreased the mean time spent in the dark zone at 1 and 10 nM. Behavioral responses were dependent upon the time point and clutch examined. These data demonstrate that ziram negatively impacts embryonic development (i.e. mortality, hatching, heartbeat and notochord development) of zebrafish, decreases basal respiration of embryos, and alters behavioral responses in larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjie Cao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Christopher L Souders
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Pengfei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ondrej Adamovsky
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sen Pang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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Xie L, Li X, Mo J, Li L, Chen X, Chen L, Ma L, Chen Y, Ge F, Zhao J, Ge RS. Delayed Puberty by Ziram Is Associated with Down Regulation of Testicular Phosphorylated AKT1 and SIRT1/PGC-1α Signaling. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:1315-1322. [PMID: 30422632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ziram is a dimethyldithiocarbamate fungicide, which may influence the male reproductive system as a potential endocrine disruptor. We interrogated the disruption of ziram on rat progenitor Leydig cell development. Prepubertal male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally treated with 0, 2, 4, or 8 mg/kg ziram for 2 weeks. We investigated the effects of ziram on serum testosterone levels, Leydig cell number, and Leydig and Sertoli cell gene and protein expression, SIRT1/PGC-1α levels, and phosphorylation of AKT1, ERK1/2, and AMPK in vivo. We also interrogated the effects of ziram on reactive oxidative species (ROS) level, apoptosis rate, and mitochondrial membrane potential of progenitor Leydig cells in vitro. Ziram decreased serum testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels, the down-regulated Leydig cell-specific gene ( Lhcgr, Scarb1, Star, Cyp17a1, and Hsd17b3), and their protein expression. However, ziram stimulated anti-Müllerian hormone production. Ziram lowered SIRT1/PGC-1α and phosphorylated protein levels of AKT1. Ziram induced ROS and apoptosis and lowered the mitochondrial membrane potential of progenitor Leydig cells in vitro. In conclusion, ziram disrupts Leydig cell development during the prepubertal period potentially through the SIRT1/PGC-1α and phosphorylated AKT1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubin Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Xiaoheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Jiaying Mo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Linchao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Xianwu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Lanlan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Leikai Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Fei Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Junzhao Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
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10
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Guo X, Zhou S, Chen Y, Chen X, Liu J, Ge F, Lian Q, Chen X, Ge RS. Ziram Delays Pubertal Development of Rat Leydig Cells. Toxicol Sci 2018; 160:329-340. [PMID: 28973382 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ziram [zinc, bis (dimethyldithiocarbamate)] is an agricultural dithiocarbamate fungicide. By virtual screening, we have identified that ziram is a potential endocrine disruptor. To investigate its effects on pubertal development of Leydig cells, 35-day-old male Sprague Dawley rats orally received ziram (2 or 4 mg/kg/d) for 4 weeks and immature Leydig cells isolated from 35-day-old rat testes were treated with ziram (0.5-50 μM in vitro). Serum hormones, Leydig cell number and specific gene or protein expression levels after in vivo treatment were determined and medium androgen levels were measured as well as apoptosis of Leydig cells after in vitro treatment were determined. In vivo exposure to ziram lowered testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels, and reduced Leydig cell number, and downregulated Leydig cell specific gene or protein expression levels. Ziram exposure in vitro inhibited androgen production and steroidogenic enzyme activities in Leydig cells by downregulating expression levels of P450 cholesterol side cleavage enzyme (Cyp11a1), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (Hsd3b1), 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (Cyp17a1), and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 (Hsd17b3) via downregulating the steroidogenic factor 1 (Nr5a1) at a concentration as low as 5 μM. In conclusion, ziram exposure disrupts Leydig cell development during puberty possibly via downregulating Nr5a1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology.,Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Fei Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology
| | | | - Xiaomin Chen
- Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology.,Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
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11
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Liu J, Wang Y, Fang Y, Ni C, Ma L, Zheng W, Bao S, Li X, Lian Q, Ge RS. Gestational exposure to ziram disrupts rat fetal Leydig cell development. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 203:393-401. [PMID: 29627606 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ziram is an endocrine disruptor and may cause birth abnormality of the male reproductive system. However, the effects of ziram on fetal Leydig cell (FLC) development are still unknown. The objective of the present study was to determine the endocrine-disrupting effect of ziram on rat FLC development after gestational exposure. Pregnant Sprague Dawley dams were randomly divided into 5 groups and were gavaged with 0 (corn oil, the control), 1, 2, 4, or 8 mg/kg ziram from gestational day 12 (GD12) to GD21. FLC development was evaluated by measuring serum testosterone, FLC number and distribution, and the expression levels of Leydig and Sertoli cell genes. Ziram significantly increased serum testosterone level at 1 mg/kg (1.350 ± 0.099 ng/ml vs. 0.989 ± 0.106 ng/ml in the control), while it remarkably lowered it at 8 mg/kg (0.598 ± 0.086 ng/ml). Quantitative immunohistochemical staining showed that ziram increased FLC number via stimulating cell proliferation at 1 mg/kg and lowered it via inhibiting its proliferation at 8 mg/kg without affecting Sertoli cell number. Further study demonstrated that the expression of Nr5a1, Lhcgr, Scarb1, Star, Cyp11a1, and Cyp17a1 genes and proteins in the testis was upregulated at 1 mg/kg and the expression of Leydig (Nr5a1, Lhcgr, Scarb1, Star, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, and Insl3) and Sertoli cell (Fshr, Hsd17b3, Dhh, Amh, and Sox9) genes and proteins was downregulated by ziram at 8 mg/kg. In conclusion, ziram had biphasic effects on FLC development with low dose to increase FLC number and function and high dose to decrease them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianpeng Liu
- Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yiyan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yinghui Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Chaobo Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Leikai Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Wenwen Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Suhao Bao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xiaoheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Qingquan Lian
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
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12
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Mack JM, Moura TM, Lanznaster D, Bobinski F, Massari CM, Sampaio TB, Schmitz AE, Souza LF, Walz R, Tasca CI, Poli A, Doty RL, Dafre AL, Prediger RD. Intranasal administration of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate induces motor deficits and dopaminergic dysfunction in mice. Neurotoxicology 2018; 66:107-120. [PMID: 29605442 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The primary etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unclear, but likely reflects a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Exposure to some pesticides, including ziram (zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate), is a relevant risk factor for PD. Like some other environmental neurotoxicants, we hypothesized that ziram can enter the central nervous system from the nasal mucosa via the olfactory nerves. To address this issue, we evaluated the effects of 1, 2 or 4 days of intranasal (i.n., 1 mg/nostril/day) infusions of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (NaDMDC), a dimethyldithiocarbamate more soluble than ziram, on locomotor activity in the open field, neurological severity score and rotarod performance. We also addressed the effects of four daily i.n. NaDMDC infusions on olfactory bulb (OB) and striatal measures of cell death, reactive oxygen species (ROS), tyrosine hydroxylase, and the levels of dopamine, noradrenaline, serotonin, and their metabolites. A single i.n. administration of NaDMDC did not significantly alter the behavioral measures. Two consecutive days of i.n. NaDMDC administrations led to a transient neurological deficit that spontaneously resolved within a week. However, the i.n. infusions of NaDMDC for 4 consecutive days induced motor and neurological deficits for up to 7 days after the last NaDMDC administration and increased striatal TH immunocontent and dopamine degradation within a day of the last infusion. Pharmacological treatment with the anti-parkinsonian drugs l-DOPA and apomorphine improved the NaDMDC-induced locomotor deficits. NaDMDC increased serotonin levels and noradrenaline metabolism in the OB 24 h after the last NaDMDC infusion, ROS levels in the OB 2 h after the last infusion, and striatum 2 and 24 h after the last infusion. These results demonstrate, for the first time, that i.n. NaDMDC administration induces neurobehavioral and neurochemical impairments in mice. This accords with evidence that dimethyldithio-carbamate exposure increases the risk of PD and highlights the possibility that olfactory system could be a major route for NaDMDC entry to central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiel M Mack
- Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Tainara M Moura
- Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Débora Lanznaster
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Franciane Bobinski
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LANEX), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern of Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Caio M Massari
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Tuane B Sampaio
- Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Ariana E Schmitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Luiz F Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Roger Walz
- Department of Clinical Medical, Center of Health Sciences, University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Carla I Tasca
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Anicleto Poli
- Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Richard L Doty
- Smell & Taste Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Alcir L Dafre
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Rui D Prediger
- Department of Pharmacology, Centre of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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13
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Su Y, Li H, Chen X, Wang Y, Li X, Sun J, Ge RS. Ziram inhibits rat neurosteroidogenic 5α-reductase 1 and 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 28:38-44. [PMID: 28707553 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1355950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huitao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiyan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianliang Sun
- Department of Anesthesia, Hangzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Zhou C, Ye F, Wu H, Ye H, Chen Q. Recent advances in the study of 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2)Inhibitors. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 52:47-53. [PMID: 28366868 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD), which interconverts hormonally active cortisol and inactive cortisone in multiple human tissues, has two distinct isoforms named 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11β-HSD1) and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11β-HSD2). 11β-HSD2 is an NAD+-dependent oxidase which lowers cortisol by converting it to cortisone while 11β-HSD1 mainly catalyzes the reduction which converts cortisone into cortisol. Selective inhibition of 11β-HSD2 is generally detrimental to health because the accumulation of cortisol can cause metabolic symptoms such as apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME), fetal developmental defects and lower testosterone levels in males. There has been some advances on the study of 11β-HSD2 inhibitors and we think it necessary to make a summary of the characteristics and inhibiting properties of latest 11β-HSD2 inhibitors. As another review on 11β-HSD2 inhibitors has been issued on 2011 (see review (Ma et al., 2011)), this mini-review concerns advances during the last 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunchun Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China.
| | - Fan Ye
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China
| | - He Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Wenzhou Central Hopital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China
| | - Quanxu Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China
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15
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Li X, Mao B, Dong Y, Li Y, Zhan M, Bai Y, Lian Q, Ge RS, Ye L. Effects of Ziram on Rat and Human 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Isoforms. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:398-405. [PMID: 26859423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoheng Li
- Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Baiping Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yaoyao Dong
- Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Meizheng Zhan
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yanfang Bai
- Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Qingquan Lian
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Leping Ye
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
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