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Zhi X, Du L, Zhang P, Guo X, Li W, Wang Y, He Q, Wu P, Lei X, Qu B. BPA induces testicular damage in male rodents via apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 193:114984. [PMID: 39245402 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), chemically known as 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, is one of the most common endocrine-disrupting chemicals in our environment. Long-term or high-dose exposure to BPA may lead to testicular damage and adversely affect male reproductive function. In vivo studies on rodents have demonstrated that BPA triggers apoptosis in testicular cells through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Further in vitro studies on spermatogonia, Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells have all confirmed the pro-apoptotic effects of BPA. Given these findings, apoptosis is considered a primary mode of cell death induced by BPA in testicular tissue. In addition, BPA promotes autophagy by altering the activity of the Akt/mTOR pathway and upregulating the expression of autophagy-related genes and proteins. Recent studies have also identified ferroptosis as a significant contributing factor to BPA-induced testicular damage, further complicating the landscape of BPA's effects. This review summarizes natural substances that mitigate BPA-induced testicular damage by inhibiting these cell death pathways. These findings not only highlight potential therapeutic strategies but also underscore the need for further research into the underlying mechanisms of BPA-induced toxicity, particularly as it pertains to human health risk assessment and the development of more effective BPA management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhi
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China
| | - Lehui Du
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingdong Guo
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- The 81st Group Army Hospital of Chinese PLA, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiduo He
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China
| | - Peien Wu
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Lei
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Baolin Qu
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Denewer SMT, Ali SMM, Hasanin NA, Refat El-Bassouny D. The possible protective effect of ginger extract on toxic changes induced by bisphenol A on the thyroid gland of adult male albino rats: light and electron microscopic study. Ultrastruct Pathol 2024:1-31. [PMID: 39189733 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2024.2395849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical substance used in the plastic industry and considered as an endocrine disruptor. Ginger is a herbal material used in the food industry and has antioxidant activity. The present study was performed to evaluate the histological changes in the thyroid gland of adult male albino rats after intake of BPA and if there is any protective role for ginger extract (GE). Eighty adult male rats were divided equally into four groups. Group I as a control group, group II included rats that received 250 mg/kg/day GE orally for eight weeks, group III included rats that received 200 mg/kg/day BPA orally for the same period and group IV included rats that received BPA in the same dose for the same duration concomitantly with GE. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken for hormonal essay and tissue samples were processed. Light and electron microscopic studies were done. Morphometric and statistical studies were carried out. Group III showed degenerative changes in the thyroid gland, decreased serum levels of T3 and T4 and a strong positive inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) immune response. Group IV showed restoration of thyroid gland architecture and function. In conclusion, GE protected the thyroid structure from the damaging effect of BPA oxidative stress through its anti-oxidant effect, thus preserving thyroid activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mohammed Taha Denewer
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | | | - Dalia Refat El-Bassouny
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Peña-Corona SI, Chávez-Corona JI, Pérez-Caltzontzin LE, Vargas-Estrada D, Mendoza-Rodríguez CA, Ramos-Martínez E, Cerbón-Gutiérrez JL, Herrera-Barragán JA, Quintanar-Guerrero D, Leyva-Gómez G. Melatonin and Vitamins as Protectors against the Reproductive Toxicity of Bisphenols: Which Is the Most Effective? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14930. [PMID: 37834378 PMCID: PMC10573514 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenols such as bisphenol A (BPA), S (BPS), C (BPC), F (BPF), AF (BPAF), tetrabromobisphenol, nonylphenol, and octylphenol are plasticizers used worldwide to manufacture daily-use articles. Exposure to these compounds is related to many pathologies of public health importance, such as infertility. Using a protector compound against the reproductive toxicological effects of bisphenols is of scientific interest. Melatonin and vitamins have been tested, but the results are not conclusive. To this end, this systematic review and meta-analysis compared the response of reproductive variables to melatonin and vitamin administration as protectors against damage caused by bisphenols. We search for controlled studies of male rats exposed to bisphenols to induce alterations in reproduction, with at least one intervention group receiving melatonin or vitamins (B, C, or E). Also, molecular docking simulations were performed between the androgen (AR) and estrogen receptors (ER), melatonin, and vitamins. About 1234 records were initially found; finally, 13 studies were qualified for review and meta-analysis. Melatonin plus bisphenol improves sperm concentration and viability of sperm and increases testosterone serum levels compared with control groups; however, groups receiving vitamins plus bisphenols had lower sperm concentration, total testis weight, and testosterone serum levels than the control. In the docking analysis, vitamin E had the highest negative MolDock score, representing the best binding affinity with AR and ER, compared with other vitamins and melatonin in the docking. Our findings suggest that vitamins could act as an endocrine disruptor, and melatonin is most effective in protecting against the toxic effects of bisphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila I. Peña-Corona
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (S.I.P.-C.); (L.E.P.-C.)
| | - Juan I. Chávez-Corona
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Posgrado en Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-FESC, Campus 1, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (J.I.C.-C.); (D.Q.-G.)
| | - Luis E. Pérez-Caltzontzin
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (S.I.P.-C.); (L.E.P.-C.)
| | - Dinorah Vargas-Estrada
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - C. Adriana Mendoza-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (C.A.M.-R.); (E.R.-M.)
| | - Edgar Ramos-Martínez
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (C.A.M.-R.); (E.R.-M.)
- Escuela de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca 04510, Mexico
| | - Jose L. Cerbón-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - José A. Herrera-Barragán
- Departamento de Producción Agricola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Ciudad de México 04960, Mexico;
| | - David Quintanar-Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Posgrado en Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-FESC, Campus 1, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (J.I.C.-C.); (D.Q.-G.)
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (S.I.P.-C.); (L.E.P.-C.)
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Peña-Corona SI, Vargas-Estrada D, Juárez-Rodríguez I, Retana-Márquez S, Mendoza-Rodríguez CA. Bisphenols as promoters of the dysregulation of cellular junction proteins of the blood-testis barrier in experimental animals: A systematic review of the literature. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23416. [PMID: 37352109 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Daily, people are exposed to chemicals and environmental compounds such as bisphenols (BPs). These substances are present in more than 80% of human fluids. Human exposure to BPs is associated with male reproductive health disorders. Some of the main targets of BPs are intercellular junction proteins of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) in Sertoli cells because BPs alter the expression or induce aberrant localization of these proteins. In this systematic review, we explore the effects of BP exposure on the expression of BTB junction proteins and the characteristics of in vivo studies to identify potential gaps and priorities for future research. To this end, we conducted a systematic review of articles. Thirteen studies met our inclusion criteria. In most studies, animals treated with bisphenol-A (BPA) showed decreased occludin expression at all tested doses. However, bisphenol-AF treatment did not alter occludin expression. Cx43, ZO-1, β-catenin, nectin-3, cortactin, paladin, and claudin-11 expression also decreased in some tested doses of BP, while N-cadherin and FAK expression increased. BP treatment did not alter the expression of α and γ catenin, E-cadherin, JAM-A, and Arp 3. However, the expression of all these proteins was altered when BPA was administered to neonatal rodents in microgram doses. The results show significant heterogeneity between studies. Thus, it is necessary to perform more research to characterize the changes in BTB protein expression induced by BPs in animals to highlight future research directions that can inform the evaluation of risk of toxicity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila I Peña-Corona
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dinorah Vargas-Estrada
- Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ivan Juárez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Socorro Retana-Márquez
- Departamento Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
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Fenclová T, Chemek M, Havránková J, Kolinko Y, Sudová V, Moravec J, Navrátilová J, Klein P, Králíčková M, Nevoral J. Effect of Bisphenol S on testicular tissue after low-dose lactation exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 315:120114. [PMID: 36096261 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to endocrine disruptors such as bisphenols, can lead to and be the explanation for idiopathic infertility. In our study, we assessed the effect of exposure to bisphenol S (BPS) via breast milk on the testicular tissue health of adult male mice. Lactating dams were exposed to BPS through drinking water (0.216 ng g bw/day and 21.6 ng g bw/day) from post-natal day 0-15. Although there was no significant difference in testicular histopathology between the control and experimental groups, we observed an increase in the number of tight and gap junctions in the blood-testis barrier (BTB) of adult mice after lactation BPS exposure. Moreover, there was an increase in oxidative stress markers in adult testicular tissue of mice exposed via breast milk. Our lactation model indicates that breast milk is a route of exposure to an endocrine disruptor that can be responsible for idiopathic male infertility through the damage of the BTB and weakening of oxidative stress resistance in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Fenclová
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 32300, Czech Republic.
| | - Marouane Chemek
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 32300, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Havránková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Karlovarská 48, Pilsen, 30166, Czech Republic.
| | - Yaroslav Kolinko
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Karlovarská 48, Pilsen, 30166, Czech Republic.
| | - Vendula Sudová
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 32300, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Moravec
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 32300, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Navrátilová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 62500, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Klein
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 32300, Czech Republic.
| | - Milena Králíčková
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 32300, Czech Republic; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Karlovarská 48, Pilsen, 30166, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Nevoral
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 32300, Czech Republic; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Karlovarská 48, Pilsen, 30166, Czech Republic.
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Khazaeel K, Rad OR, Jamshidian J, Tabandeh MR, Mohammadi G, Atashfaraz A. Effect of bromelain on sperm quality, testicular oxidative stress and expression of oestrogen receptors in bisphenol-A treated male mice. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14584. [PMID: 36068179 DOI: 10.1111/and.14584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) as an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) with low estrogenic activity increases oxidative stress and testicular damage. Bromelain is a mixture of different thiol endopeptidases and other components with many uses as a natural anti-inflammatory enzyme. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of bromelain on male reproductive failure induced by BPA. A total of 60 healthy adult male mice were randomly divided into six groups (n = 6), including control, bromelain (70 mg/kg), BPA (5 and 600 mg/kg), and BPA (5 and 600 mg/kg) + bromelain. BPA and bromelain were administrated orally for 35 days. Then, the epididymis and testes were removed to evaluate sperm parameters, oxidative stress markers, serum levels of testosterone concentrations, and oestrogen receptors expression. The BPA significantly (P < 0.05) decreased sperm count, motility, viability, and normal sperm morphology, as well as testosterone levels, oestrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ), GPx, CAT, and SOD activity than control. Also, BPA significantly (P < 0.05) increased the sperm anomalies, and MDA concentration. Co-administration of bromelain + BPA caused a significantly (P < 0.05) increase sperm count, normal sperm morphology, testosterone levels, expression of ERα and ERβ, and GPx, CAT, and SOD activity than the BPA group (P < 0.05). Also, Bromelain significantly (P < 0.05) decreased sperm anomalies and MDA concentration than control. Based on the results of this study, it appears that BPA causes side effects on male reproduction. While, bromelain has the potential to reduce the side effects of BPA on the male reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Khazaeel
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
- Stem Cells and Transgenic Technology Research Centre (STTRC), Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Omid Ramezani Rad
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Javad Jamshidian
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Tabandeh
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ghodratollah Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ammar Atashfaraz
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Molina-López AM, Bujalance-Reyes F, Urbano MT, Lora-Benítez A, Ayala-Soldado N, Moyano-Salvago R. Analysis of Blood Biochemistry and Pituitary-Gonadal Histology after Chronic Exposure to Bisphenol-A of Mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192113894. [PMID: 36360773 PMCID: PMC9659152 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol-A is an emerging pollutant that is widespread in the environment, and to which live beings are continuously and inadvertently exposed. It is a substance with an endocrine-disrupting capacity, causing alterations in the reproductive, immunological, and neurological systems, among others, as well as metabolic alterations. Our study aimed to assess its clinical signs, and effects on the most relevant blood biochemical parameters, and to evaluate pituitary and gonadal histology after a chronic exposure of adult mice to different BPA doses (0.5, 2, 4, 50 and 100 µg/kg BW/day) through their drinking water. The biochemical results showed that a marked significant reduction (p < 0.05) was produced in the levels of serum glucose, hypoproteinaemia and hypoalbuminemia in the groups exposed to the highest doses, whereas in the group exposed to 50 µg/kg BW/day the glucose and total protein levels dropped, and the animals exposed to 100 µg/kg BW/day experienced a diminution in albumin levels. In the case of the group exposed to 50 µg/kg BW/day, however, hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia were determined, and the blood parameters indicating kidney alterations such as urea and creatinine experienced a significant increase (p < 0.05) with respect to the controls. Regarding the pituitary and gonads, none of the animals exposed presented histological alterations at the doses tested, giving similar images to those of the control group. These results suggest that continuous exposure to low BPA doses could trigger an inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis, which would result in a hypoglycaemic state, together with an induction of the enzymes responsible for lipidic synthesis, a mechanism by which the increase in the lipid and serum cholesterol levels could be explained. Likewise, the decline in the protein and albumin levels would be indicative of a possible hepatic alteration, and the increase in urea and creatinine would point to a possible renal perturbation, derived from continuous exposure to this xenobiotic. Based on our results, it could be said that chronic exposure to low BPA doses would not produce any clinical signs or histological pituitary-gonadal effects, but it could cause modifications in some blood biochemical parameters, that could initially indicate a possible hepatic and renal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Molina-López
- Departamento Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas y Toxicología, Unidad de Investigación Competitiva Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes Desde la Perspectiva de Una Salud ENZOEM, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Darwin, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.M.M.-L.); (A.L.-B.)
| | - Francisca Bujalance-Reyes
- Departamento Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas y Toxicología, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Darwin, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - María Teresa Urbano
- Departamento Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas y Toxicología, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Darwin, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Lora-Benítez
- Departamento Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas y Toxicología, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Darwin, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.M.M.-L.); (A.L.-B.)
| | - Nahúm Ayala-Soldado
- Departamento Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas y Toxicología, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Darwin, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rosario Moyano-Salvago
- Departamento Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas y Toxicología, Unidad de Investigación Competitiva Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes Desde la Perspectiva de Una Salud ENZOEM, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Darwin, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
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Chen Y, Yang J, Yao B, Zhi D, Luo L, Zhou Y. Endocrine disrupting chemicals in the environment: Environmental sources, biological effects, remediation techniques, and perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 310:119918. [PMID: 35952990 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have been identified as emerging contaminants, which poses a great threat to human health and ecosystem. Pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxins, brominated flame retardants, steroid hormones and alkylphenols are representative of this type of contaminant, which are closely related to daily life. Unfortunately, many wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) do not treat EDCs as targets in the normal treatment process, resulting in EDCs entering the environment. Few studies have systematically reviewed the related content of EDCs in terms of occurrence, harm and remediation. For this reason, in this article, the sources and exposure routes of common EDCs are systematically described. The existence of EDCs in the environment is mainly related to human activities (Wastewater discharges and industrial activities). The common hazards of these EDCs are clarified based on available toxicological data. At the same time, the mechanism and effect of some mainstream EDCs remediation technologies (such as adsorption, advanced oxidation, membrane bioreactor, constructed wetland, etc.) are separately mentioned. Moreover, our perspectives are provided for further research of EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Chen
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Bin Yao
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Dan Zhi
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Lin Luo
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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Adegoke EO, Rahman MS, Amjad S, Pang WK, Ryu DY, Park YJ, Pang MG. Bisphenol A damages testicular junctional proteins transgenerationally in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 302:119067. [PMID: 35231543 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Testicular junctions are pivotal to male fertility and regulated by constituent proteins. Increasing evidence suggests that environmental chemicals, including bisphenol A (BPA), may impact these proteins, but whether the impacts persist for generations is not yet known. Here, we investigate the effect of BPA (a ubiquitous endocrine-disrupting chemical) on testis and sperm functions and whether the effects are transferred to subsequent generations. Male mice (F0) were exposed to corn oil (Control) or 5 or 50 mg BPA/kg body weight/day from 6 to 12 weeks of age. The F0 were mated with wild-type females to produce the first filial (F1) generation. F2 and F3 were produced using similar procedures. Our results showed that BPA doses decreased the levels of some junctional proteins partly via binding with estrogen receptors (ERα and Erβ), upregulation of p-ERK1/2, P85, p-JNK and activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Consequently, testicular histological abnormalities, disrupted spermatogenesis, decreased sperm count, and inability to fertilize eggs were observed in mice exposed to BPA. These effects were transferred to successive generations (F2), partly through DNA methylation, but mostly alleviated in F3 males. Our findings suggest that paternal exposure to chemicals promoting alteration of testicular junctional proteins and its transgenerational inheritance is a key component of the origin of male reproductive health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elikanah Olusayo Adegoke
- Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Saidur Rahman
- Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Shereen Amjad
- Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ki Pang
- Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Yeal Ryu
- Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Park
- Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Geol Pang
- Department of Animal Science & Technology and BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea.
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Šturm S, Weber K, Klinc P, Spörndly-Nees E, Fakhrzadeh A, Knific T, Škibin A, Fialová V, Okazaki Y, Razinger T, Laufs J, Kreutzer R, Pogačnik M, Švara T, Cerkvenik-Flajs V. Basic Exploratory Study of Bisphenol A (BPA) Dietary Administration to Istrian Pramenka Rams and Male Toxicity Investigation. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10050224. [PMID: 35622638 PMCID: PMC9143511 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10050224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical and environmental pollutant, has been reported by many researchers to induce male reproductive toxicity in different experimental models. In this study, we investigated whether long-term exposure for two months to 25 µg/kg body weight (low dose) of BPA affects spermatogenesis or sperm quality in young Istrian Pramenka rams exposed via diet. We evaluated body and testicular weights, histopathology of testes and epididymides, and sperm analyses, and compared these parameters between the group of treated rams and the control group of rams. Although there were some differences between the two groups, these differences were not large or statistically significant. The only statistically significant difference was the lower epithelial height of seminiferous tubules in treated rams, compared to control rams. In addition to assessing toxicity, BPA concentrations in the blood plasma of treated rams were determined after the first administration, and the toxicokinetic parameters of total BPA were calculated. In this study, no major signs of altered reproduction in rams were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Šturm
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva Ulica 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (P.K.); (T.K.); (A.Š.); (M.P.); (T.Š.); (V.C.-F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Klaus Weber
- AnaPath Services GmbH, Hammerstrasse 49, 4410 Liestal, Switzerland; (K.W.); (Y.O.); (T.R.); (J.L.); (R.K.)
| | - Primož Klinc
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva Ulica 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (P.K.); (T.K.); (A.Š.); (M.P.); (T.Š.); (V.C.-F.)
| | - Ellinor Spörndly-Nees
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7011, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Azadeh Fakhrzadeh
- Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc) Tehran Province, No. 1090, Enghelab, Tehran 13157 73314, Iran;
| | - Tanja Knific
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva Ulica 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (P.K.); (T.K.); (A.Š.); (M.P.); (T.Š.); (V.C.-F.)
| | - Andrej Škibin
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva Ulica 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (P.K.); (T.K.); (A.Š.); (M.P.); (T.Š.); (V.C.-F.)
| | - Věra Fialová
- Biopharm, Research Institute of Biopharmacy and Veterinary Drugs, Pohoří-Chotouň 90, 254 01 Jílové u Prahy, Czech Republic;
| | - Yoshimasa Okazaki
- AnaPath Services GmbH, Hammerstrasse 49, 4410 Liestal, Switzerland; (K.W.); (Y.O.); (T.R.); (J.L.); (R.K.)
| | - Tanja Razinger
- AnaPath Services GmbH, Hammerstrasse 49, 4410 Liestal, Switzerland; (K.W.); (Y.O.); (T.R.); (J.L.); (R.K.)
| | - Jürgen Laufs
- AnaPath Services GmbH, Hammerstrasse 49, 4410 Liestal, Switzerland; (K.W.); (Y.O.); (T.R.); (J.L.); (R.K.)
| | - Robert Kreutzer
- AnaPath Services GmbH, Hammerstrasse 49, 4410 Liestal, Switzerland; (K.W.); (Y.O.); (T.R.); (J.L.); (R.K.)
| | - Milan Pogačnik
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva Ulica 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (P.K.); (T.K.); (A.Š.); (M.P.); (T.Š.); (V.C.-F.)
| | - Tanja Švara
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva Ulica 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (P.K.); (T.K.); (A.Š.); (M.P.); (T.Š.); (V.C.-F.)
| | - Vesna Cerkvenik-Flajs
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva Ulica 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (P.K.); (T.K.); (A.Š.); (M.P.); (T.Š.); (V.C.-F.)
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Osman HEH, ELSahra DG, Alamin AA, El-Kenawy AEM, Salem RR. Costus root extract improves testicular toxicity of Bisphenol A in adult male albino rats: histopathological, ultrastructural and biochemical studies. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Bisphenol A (BPA) causes environmental pollution and is used as a natural antioxidant to protect against chemical side-effects. Costus is a well-known medicinal plant containing several biologically active compounds. We investigated the protective effects of costus extract against the toxic effects of BPA in the rat testes.
Results
Biochemical and immunohistochemical investigations revealed that bisphenol reduced the activity of antioxidant enzymes and plasma testosterone levels and significantly increased P53. Co-administration of costus root extract with BPA improved the depletion of antioxidant enzymes, returned testosterone to normal levels, and improved P53 alternations. Histological and ultrastructural examinations showed that BPA reduced body and testicular weights, and the degeneration of seminiferous tubule germ cells, and the use of costus root extract with BPA attenuated these toxic effects.
Conclusions
Costus protects rat testes against the toxic effects of BPA.
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Integrating Statistical and Machine-Learning Approach for Meta-Analysis of Bisphenol A-Exposure Datasets Reveals Effects on Mouse Gene Expression within Pathways of Apoptosis and Cell Survival. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910785. [PMID: 34639124 PMCID: PMC8509605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenols are important environmental pollutants that are extensively studied due to different detrimental effects, while the molecular mechanisms behind these effects are less well understood. Like other environmental pollutants, bisphenols are being tested in various experimental models, creating large expression datasets found in open access storage. The meta-analysis of such datasets is, however, very complicated for various reasons. Here, we developed an integrating statistical and machine-learning model approach for the meta-analysis of bisphenol A (BPA) exposure datasets from different mouse tissues. We constructed three joint datasets following three different strategies for dataset integration: in particular, using all common genes from the datasets, uncorrelated, and not co-expressed genes, respectively. By applying machine learning methods to these datasets, we identified genes whose expression was significantly affected in all of the BPA microanalysis data tested; those involved in the regulation of cell survival include: Tnfr2, Hgf-Met, Agtr1a, Bdkrb2; signaling through Mapk8 (Jnk1)); DNA repair (Hgf-Met, Mgmt); apoptosis (Tmbim6, Bcl2, Apaf1); and cellular junctions (F11r, Cldnd1, Ctnd1 and Yes1). Our results highlight the benefit of combining existing datasets for the integrated analysis of a specific topic when individual datasets are limited in size.
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Cai SS, Zhou Y, Ye BC. Reducing the reproductive toxicity activity of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum: a review of mechanisms and prospects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:36927-36941. [PMID: 34036511 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14403-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Food pollution can cause a variety of negative effects on human health, especially reproductive toxicity. Common food contaminants include biological contaminants, chemical contaminants, and physical contaminants, among which endocrine disruptors, pesticides, and heavy metals have the greatest reproductive toxicity in chemical contaminants. Humans mainly solve food pollution through three aspects: decreasing the pollution of food raw materials, lowering the pollution in food processing, and reducing the harm to the human body after food pollutants enter the human body. With more and more research on probiotics, not only beneficial effects, but also the ability to reduce the toxicity of food contaminants is found. Thus, microbial treatment has been proved to be a more effective way to deal with food pollution. Recent research shows that several strains of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum can adsorb or degrade some chemical pollutants and relieve inflammation and oxidative stress caused by them. This review summarized the research to explore the possible role of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in protecting human reproductive ability and maintaining food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Shan Cai
- Lab of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong RD, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Lab of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong RD, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Bang-Ce Ye
- Lab of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong RD, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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Sencar L, Coskun G, Şaker D, Sapmaz T, Tuli A, Özgür H, Polat S. Bisphenol A decreases expression of Insulin-like factor 3 and induces histopathological changes in the Testes of Rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2021; 37:314-327. [PMID: 33973500 DOI: 10.1177/07482337211014097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical agent known to have detrimental reproductive and developmental effects. The tissue-specific impacts of BPA exposures and target tissues sensitiveness to BPA are still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the short- and long-term dose-dependent toxic effects of BPA on rat testes. Forty-eight Wistar albino male rats were divided into four groups each containing 12 rats. To induce toxicity, BPA was administered orally at three different dosages (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) for 14 and 28 days, respectively. Testis tissues were examined using light and electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and biochemical methods. Serum testosterone (T) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were measured. Additionally, insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) as a marker of Leydig cell function was evaluated immunohistochemically. Groups administered high doses of BPA showed severe degenerations such as testicular atrophy, spermatogenic arrest, and interstitial edema in testis. Also, a significant decrease in INSL3 immunoreactivity and serum LH and T levels was found. The results indicated that both increased exposure time and dosage of BPA caused more serious detrimental effects on testes in the rat. Decreased INSL3 and T levels was evidence of Leydig cell function impairment due to BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leman Sencar
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Gulfidan Coskun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Dilek Şaker
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Sapmaz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Tuli
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Hülya Özgür
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Sait Polat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
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15
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Rahman MS, Pang WK, Ryu DY, Park YJ, Pang MG. Multigenerational and transgenerational impact of paternal bisphenol A exposure on male fertility in a mouse model. Hum Reprod 2021; 35:1740-1752. [PMID: 32644108 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION How does paternal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) affect the fertility of male offspring in mice in future generations? SUMMARY ANSWER Paternal exposure to BPA adversely affects spermatogenesis, several important sperm functions and DNA methylation patterns in spermatozoa, which have both multigenerational (in F0 and F1) and partial transgenerational (mainly noticed in F2, but F3) impacts on the fertility of the offspring. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY BPA, a synthetic endocrine disruptor, is used extensively to manufacture polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Growing evidence suggests that exposure to BPA during the developmental stages results in atypical reproductive phenotypes that could persist for generations to come. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION CD-1 male mice (F0) were treated with BPA (5 or 50 mg/kg body weight per day (bw/day)) or ethinylestradiol (EE) (0.4 μg/kg bw/day) for 6 weeks. Control mice were treated with vehicle (corn oil) only. The treated male mice were bred with untreated female mice to produce first filial generation (F1 offspring). The F2 and F3 offspring were produced similarly, without further exposure to BPA. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Histological changes in the testis along with functional, biochemical and epigenetic (DNA methylation) properties of spermatozoa were investigated. Subsequently, each parameter of the F0-F3 generations was compared between BPA-treated mice and control mice. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Paternal BPA exposure disrupted spermatogenesis by decreasing the size and number of testicular seminiferous epithelial cells, which eventually led to a decline in the total sperm count of F0-F2 offspring (P < 0.05). We further showed that a high BPA dose decreased sperm motility in F0-F2 males by mediating the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (F0-F1) and decreasing intracellular ATP (F0-F2) in spermatozoa (P < 0.05). These changes in spermatozoa were associated with altered global DNA methylation patterns in the spermatozoa of F0-F3 males (P < 0.05). Furthermore, we noticed that BPA compromised sperm fertility in mice from the F0-F2 (in the both dose groups) and F3 generations (in the high-dose group only). The overall reproductive toxicity of BPA was equivalent to or higher (high dose) than that of the tested dose of EE. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Further research is required to determine the variables (e.g. lowest BPA dose) that are capable of producing changes in sperm function and fertility in future generations. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS These results may shed light on how occupational exposure to BPA can affect offspring fertility in humans. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (Grant No. NRF-2018R1A6A1A03025159). M.S.R. was supported by Korea Research Fellowship Program through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (Grant No. 2017H1D3A1A02013844). There are no competing interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Saidur Rahman
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ki Pang
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Yeal Ryu
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Park
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Geol Pang
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
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16
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Chronic exposure of adult male Wistar rats to bisphenol A causes testicular oxidative stress: Role of gallic acid. Endocr Regul 2021; 54:14-21. [PMID: 32597147 DOI: 10.2478/enr-2020-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bisphenol A (BPA) has been reported that among other male reproductive dys-functions, it can cause marked estrogenic effects including alteration in serum hormones as well as testicular lesions in exposed animals. This work sought to study the role of gallic acid (GA), a known antioxidant, on the BPA-induced testicular oxidative stress in adult male Wistar rats using serum hormone analysis, histopathology, and biochemical assays. METHODS Adult male rats were divided into four groups (n=10) including control (0.2 ml of corn oil), GA (20 mg/kg/day), BPA (10 mg/kg/day), BPA+GA (BPA, 10 mg/kg/day + GA, 20 mg/kg/day). All medications were given by oral gavage for 45 consecutive days. The body and testicular weights were measured. Blood and organ samples were collected for the serum hormonal assay: testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin (PRL), and tissue biochemistry analysis: superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), respectively. RESULTS The BPA-treated rats showed significant reduction in the gonadosomatic index. BPA also caused significant decrease in the levels of the serum testosterone and prolactin. Furthermore, BPA induced testicular oxidative stress by decreasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and increasing reactive oxygen species. However, co-treatment with GA protected against these alterations. CONCLUSION Findings from the present study confirmed the previously reported data and show that the ability of GA, as a potent antioxidant, may protect against BPA-induced alterations in the male reproductive function. Hence, GA protects against testicular oxidative stress in adult male Wistar rats following chronic exposure to BPA.
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Bisphenol A Deranges the Endocannabinoid System of Primary Sertoli Cells with an Impact on Inhibin B Production. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238986. [PMID: 33256105 PMCID: PMC7730056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor that negatively affects spermatogenesis, a process where Sertoli cells play a central role. Thus, in the present study we sought to ascertain whether BPA could modulate the endocannabinoid (eCB) system in exposed mouse primary Sertoli cells. Under our experimental conditions, BPA turned out to be cytotoxic to Sertoli cells with an half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of ~6.0 µM. Exposure to a non-cytotoxic dose of BPA (i.e., 0.5 μM for 48 h) increased the expression levels of specific components of the eCB system, namely: type-1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptor and diacylglycerol lipase-α (DAGL-α), at mRNA level, type-2 cannabinoid (CB2) receptor, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptors, and DAGL-β, at protein level. Interestingly, BPA also increased the production of inhibin B, but not that of transferrin, and blockade of either CB2 receptor or TRPV1 receptor further enhanced the BPA effect. Altogether, our study provides unprecedented evidence that BPA deranges the eCB system of Sertoli cells towards CB2- and TRPV1-dependent signal transduction, both receptors being engaged in modulating BPA effects on inhibin B production. These findings add CB2 and TRPV1 receptors, and hence the eCB signaling, to the other molecular targets of BPA already known in mammalian cells.
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18
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Sahu C, Charaya A, Singla S, Dwivedi DK, Jena G. Zinc deficient diet increases the toxicity of bisphenol A in rat testis. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22549. [PMID: 32609952 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) plays an important role in maintaining the process of spermatogenesis and reproductive health. Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disrupting chemical is known to be a reproductive toxicant in different animal models. The present study was designed to study the effect of two of the utmost determinative factors (Zn deficient condition and influence of toxicant BPA) on germ cell growth and overall male reproductive health in the testis, epididymis, and sperm using (a) biochemical, (b) antioxidant, (c) cellular damage, (d) apoptosis, and (e) protein expression measurements. Rats were divided into Control (normal feed and water), BPA (100 mg/kg/d), zinc deficient diet (ZDD; fed with ZDD), and BPA + ZDD for 8 weeks. Body and organ weights, sperm motility and counts, and sperm head morphology were evaluated. The histology of testes, epididymides, and prostate was investigated. Testicular deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage was evaluated by Halo and Comet assay, apoptosis of sperm and testes were quantified by TUNEL assay. Serum protein electrophoretic patterns and testicular protein expressions such as Nrf-2, catalase, PCNA, and Keap1 were analyzed by Western blot analysis. The results showed that BPA significantly increased the testicular, epididymal, and prostrate toxicity in dietary Zn deficient condition due to testicular hypozincemia, hypogonadism, increased cellular and DNA damage, apoptosis, as well as perturbations in protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chittaranjan Sahu
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Aarzoo Charaya
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Shivani Singla
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Durgesh K Dwivedi
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Gopabandhu Jena
- Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India
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Aydin S, Billur D, Kizil S, Ozkavukcu S, Topal Celikkan F, Aydos K, Erdemli E. Evaluation of blood-testis barrier integrity in terms of adhesion molecules in nonobstructive azoospermia. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13636. [PMID: 32453883 DOI: 10.1111/and.13636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-testis barrier (BTB) is critical for maintaining fertility. The integrity of tight junctions (TJs) provides restricted permeability of BTB. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between BTB and Sertoli cells. Testicular sperm extraction (TESE) obtained from nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) patients was examined: Group I (spermatozoa+) and Group II (spermatozoa-). The tissues were stained with haematoxylin eosin, periodic acid-Schiff and Masson's trichrome for Johnsen's score evaluation. Apoptosis and adhesion molecules such as claudin-11, occludin and ZO-1 were assessed. In Group I, the integrity of the seminiferous tubules was intact. In Group II, some seminiferous tubule walls were lined only with Sertoli cells, had a thickening of the basement membrane, and oedema in interstitial spaces. In Group I, the seminiferous tubule consisted of a stratified columnar epithelium, claudin-11 expressions were observed as linear staining in the basal zone of the tubule, while seminiferous tubules, with low epithelium, displayed a punctate type of staining. Immunohistochemical observations were consistent with the ultrastructural findings. In Group II, high apoptosis and unstained/irregular TJ formation in claudin-11, occludin and ZO-1 were observed. In conclusion, disruption of relation between BTB and TJs may reveal inadequate spermatogenesis, which is one of the mechanisms behind azoospermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevim Aydin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Billur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sule Kizil
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sinan Ozkavukcu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ferda Topal Celikkan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kaan Aydos
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Erdemli
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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20
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Cao T, Cao Y, Wang H, Wang P, Wang X, Niu H, Shao C. The Effect of Exposure to Bisphenol A on Spermatozoon and the Expression of Tight Junction Protein Occludin in Male Mice. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820926745. [PMID: 32523488 PMCID: PMC7235676 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820926745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Although bisphenol A (BPA) has been associated with impaired spermatogenesis, the mechanisms remain unclear. Tight junction occludin plays important roles in spermatogenesis. The objective of the present study was to explore the effects of BPA exposure in adolescent mice. Male mice were orally treated with low-dose (0.05 mg/kg/d), middle-dose (5.0 mg/kg/d), or high-dose (50 mg/kg/d) BPA in corn oil from postnatal day (PND) 35 to 65. Animals were killed on PND 65 and PND 125. On PND 65, the sperm count, sperm motility, and the expression of occludin showed a dose-related decline. On PND 125, the sperm count, sperm motility, and the expression of occludin were in recovery. However, there remained significant decreases in these parameters in the 50 mg/kg/d group on PND 125 compared with the control. The dose-related effects on the measured parameters and occludin expression suggest an early suppressive or damaging effect on the blood–testis barrier followed by recovery after dosing ceased. At a BPA dose of 50 mg/kg/d, recovery did not occur, suggesting that higher doses of BPA may cause irreversible damage to reproduction in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingshuai Cao
- Department of Urology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanchao Cao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqiang Wang
- Department of Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Peitao Wang
- Department of Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinsheng Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Niu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuihua Shao
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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Kim JJ, Kumar S, Kumar V, Lee YM, Kim YS, Kumar V. Bisphenols as a Legacy Pollutant, and Their Effects on Organ Vulnerability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 17:E112. [PMID: 31877889 PMCID: PMC6982222 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenols are widely used in the synthesis of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins, and thermal paper, which are used in manufacturing items of daily use. Packaged foods and drinks are the main sources of exposure to bisphenols. These chemicals affect humans and animals by disrupting the estrogen, androgen, progesterone, thyroid, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor functions. Bisphenols exert numerous harmful effects because of their interaction with receptors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell signal alterations. Both cohort and case-control studies have determined an association between bisphenol exposure and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, reproductive abnormalities, obesity, and diabetes. Prenatal exposure to bisphenols results in developmental disorders in animals. These chemicals also affect the immune cells and play a significant role in initiating the inflammatory response. Exposure to bisphenols exhibit age, gender, and dose-dependent effects. Even at low concentrations, bisphenols exert toxicity, and hence deserve a critical assessment of their uses. Since bisphenols have a global influence on human health, the need to discover the underlying pathways involved in all disease conditions is essential. Furthermore, it is important to promote the use of alternatives for bisphenols, thereby restricting their uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Joo Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (J.-J.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (Y.-S.K.)
| | - Surendra Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India;
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh 758307, Vietnam;
| | - Yun-Mi Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (J.-J.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (Y.-S.K.)
| | - You-Sam Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (J.-J.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (Y.-S.K.)
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; (J.-J.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (Y.-S.K.)
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Olukole SG, Lanipekun DO, Ola-Davies EO, Oke BO. Maternal exposure to environmentally relevant doses of bisphenol A causes reproductive dysfunction in F1 adult male rats: protective role of melatonin. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:28940-28950. [PMID: 31388950 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effects of melatonin (MLT), a potent antioxidant, in male Wistar rats exposed to environmentally relevant doses of bisphenol A (BPA) in utero. Pregnant Wistar rats were randomly assigned into five groups. Group 1 (control) received 0.2 mL 1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/99% canola oil as vehicle; group 2 received BPA at 25 μg/kg/day; group 3 received BPA at 250 μg/kg/day; group 4 received BPA at 25 μg/kg/day with concurrent MLT 1 mg/kg/day while group 5 received BPA at 250 μg/kg/day with concurrent MLT 1 mg/kg/day. Treatments were by gavage from gestational day (GD) 10-21. The BPA-treated rats showed dose-dependent significant reduction in body weight, gonosomatic index, sperm motility, livability and count. Also, BPA caused significant reduction in the levels of serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone while it caused significant increases in the levels of follicle stimulating hormone as well as estradiol. Furthermore, BPA induced testicular oxidative stress including significant decreases in the activities of testicular SOD, GSH and GPx as well as GST, increasing the levels of testicular MDA and H2O2. It further induced interstitial necrosis and germinal cell degeneration in the testis with a subsequent diminution of the tubular and luminal diameter. However, co-treatment with MLT offered protection against testicular damage induced by BPA. Melatonin is likely to protect against alterations of the male reproductive system caused by BPA through a direct action on the mechanism of anti-oxidants as well as through the inhibition of necrosis.
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Pan D, Feng D, Ding H, Zheng X, Ma Z, Yang B, Xie M. Effects of bisphenol A exposure on DNA integrity and protamination of mouse spermatozoa. Andrology 2019; 8:486-496. [PMID: 31489793 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A is widely used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and has caused increasing concern over its potential adverse impacts on spermatogenesis. However, the effect of bisphenol A on spermiogenesis is yet to be explored. OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether bisphenol A has adverse effects on DNA integrity and protamination of spermatogenic cell. MATERIALS AND METHODS Newborn male mice were subcutaneously injected with bisphenol A (0.1, 5 mg/kg body weight, n = 15) or coin oil (control group, n = 20) daily from post-natal day 1 until 35. At post-natal day 70, epididymis caudal spermatozoa and testes were collected. Sperm count, sperm motility, and sperm morphology were analyzed. The sperm chromatin structure assay was performed to examine the sperm DNA fragmentation. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method was used to assess apoptosis of spermatogenic cells. The ultrastructural features of testicular sections were examined under a transmission electron microscope. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression levels of transition protein (Tnp) 1 and Tnp2, protamine (Prm) 1 and Prm2 protein, and mRNA in mice testes. RESULTS Bisphenol A significantly reduced sperm counts, impaired sperm motility, and increased the percentage of malformed spermatozoa. Poor sperm chromatin integrity and increased TUNEL-positive spermatogenic cells were also observed in mice exposed to bisphenol A. Ultrastructural analysis of testes showed that bisphenol A exposure caused incomplete chromatin condensation, retention of residual cytoplasm, and abnormal acrosome formation. In addition, the relative expression levels of Tnp2 and Prm2 in mice testes decreased significantly in bisphenol A groups. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our findings identified that neonatal bisphenol A exposure may negatively contribute to the sperm quality in adult mice. Mechanistically, we showed that bisphenol A reduced sperm chromatin integrity along with increased DNA damage, which may be due to poor protamination of spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pan
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - D Feng
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - H Ding
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - X Zheng
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Z Ma
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - B Yang
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - M Xie
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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Yuan HF, Shangguan HF, Zheng Y, Meng TQ, Xiong CL, Guan HT. Decline in semen concentration of healthy Chinese adults: evidence from 9357 participants from 2010 to 2015. Asian J Androl 2019; 20:379-384. [PMID: 29493550 PMCID: PMC6038153 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_80_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to analyze sperm concentration trends among young and healthy Chinese adults in Wuhan, Central China, from 2010 to 2015. Semen analysis data from 9357 participants were collected and analyzed using a general linear model and the Cochran–Armitage trend test. A significant decline was observed in sperm concentration (β [standard deviation]: −1.53 [0.16]; P < 0.001). In addition, a decline in sperm density was observed by stratifying student versus nonstudent sperm donors and by analyzing the year of birth or birth year cohort of the participants. Furthermore, the percentage of participants with sperm densities of over 40 × 106 ml−1 significantly decreased with year. Notably, a dramatic decline in sperm density was recorded over the first 5 years of study. This research reported a decline in sperm concentration among young adults in Wuhan, Central China, in 2010–2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Fang Yuan
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | | | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Venereology, Wuhan Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Wuhan 430031, China
| | - Tian-Qing Meng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Cheng-Liang Xiong
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Huang-Tao Guan
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.,Hubei Province Human Sperm Bank, Wuhan 430030, China
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Tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) induced ovarian failure in mice is related to the Hippo signaling pathway disruption. Reprod Toxicol 2019; 83:21-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Srivastava S, Gupta P. Alteration in apoptotic rate of testicular cells and sperms following administration of Bisphenol A (BPA) in Wistar albino rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:21635-21643. [PMID: 29785601 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2229-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Bisphenol A [BPA] widely used as a plasticizer in the formation of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, exposure causing alteration in apoptosis rate, and protective effect of Vitamin E when supplemented with BPA orally. Adult male Wistar albino rats aged 3 months were randomly divided into seven groups: control (olive oil treated) BPA-treated (dose 5, 50,100 μg/100gmBW) and Vitamin E intervention group (dose 5, 50, 100 μg/100gmBW BPA+ Vitamin E dose 4 mg/100gmBW). Animals were sacrificed 3 months later, and blood and tissue samples were collected. Apoptotic changes were analyzed in epididymal spermatozoa and testis tissue by binding of annexin V apoptotic biomarker. A significant decline in the weight of testis, testosterone level, and sperm count was observed. Histopathological and apoptotic changes were observed in testis tissue. In epididymal sperms, the early apoptotic cells were observed by staining of annexin V-conjugated FITC and PI green fluorescence in spermatozoa head which indicated the damage of membrane and late apoptotic cells. These changes reduced significantly in Vitamin E-treated groups though were not found to be comparable to control animals. All these changes were attributed to disrupted spermatogenesis that would interfere with sperm formation. Thus, the study infers that BPA affects the apoptosis process in the testis and epididymal sperm that would interfere with its function and contribute to infertility, whereas Vitamin E-supplemented dose has a protective effect towards these changes, indicating its role in improving male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Srivastava
- Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Priya Gupta
- Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Olukole SG, Ajani SO, Ola-Davies EO, Lanipekun DO, Aina OO, Oyeyemi MO, Oke BO. Melatonin ameliorates bisphenol A-induced perturbations of the prostate gland of adult Wistar rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:73-82. [PMID: 29843047 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) that has been demonstrated to induce alterations in reproductive organs while melatonin (ML), an antioxidant, present in plants and animals, is capable of protecting against EDC-induced alterations. Adult male Wistar rats (average weight, 240 + 10 g) were divided into four groups of ten animals each: Rats in group I (control) received oral 0.2 ml 1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/99% canola oil as vehicle; group II received intra-peritoneal 10 mg/kg BW/day ML. Group III received oral BPA dissolved in DMSO and solubilized in canola oil at 10 mg/kg BW/day. Group IV were treated with same dose of BPA as group III with a concomitant intra-peritoneal 10 mg/kg BW/day ML. All treatments lasted for 14 days. BPA significantly increased the prostatic index of the rats while ML ameliorated it. BPA significantly increased serum levels of estrogen as well as prostate-specific antigen but decreased serum testosterone in the rats while concomitant treatment with ML ameliorated these alterations. Also, BPA caused vascular congestion, hyperplasia (functional, reactive and atypical) of prostatic epithelium as well as tubular atrophy the rats while ML attenuated the observed lesions. Decreased localization of αSmooth muscle actin, vimentin and S100 proteins were observed in the BPA-treated rats while these decreases were ameliorated by ML. The present study has shown that sub-acute oral administration of BPA induced alterations in prostatic index, serum hormone levels, down-regulated protein localization and induced morphological lesions of the prostate gland in rats while concomitant treatment with intra-peritoneal ML ameliorated these conditions. Hence, low dose of ML can protect against BPA-induced toxicity of the prostate gland of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Gbadebo Olukole
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Samuel Olumide Ajani
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Eunice Olufunke Ola-Davies
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Bankole Olusiji Oke
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
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