1
|
Del Campo CMZM, Nicolson GL, Sfera A. Neurolipidomics in schizophrenia: A not so well-oiled machine. Neuropharmacology 2024; 260:110117. [PMID: 39153730 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Most patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) do not exhibit violent behaviors and are more likely to be victims rather than perpetrators of violent acts. However, a subgroup of forensic detainees with SCZ exhibit tendencies to engage in criminal violations. Although numerous models have been proposed, ranging from substance use, serotonin transporter gene, and cognitive dysfunction, the molecular underpinnings of violence in SCZ patients remains elusive. Lithium and clozapine have established anti-aggression properties and recent studies have linked low cholesterol levels and ultraviolet (UV) radiation with human aggression, while vitamin D3 reduces violent behaviors. A recent study found that vitamin D3, omega-3 fatty acids, magnesium, and zinc lower aggression in forensic population. In this review article, we take a closer look at aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the dysfunctional lipidome in neuronal membranes, with emphasis on cholesterol and vitamin D3 depletion, as sources of aggressive behavior. We also discuss modalities to increase the fluidity of neuronal double layer via membrane lipid replacement (MLR) and natural or synthetic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Garth L Nicolson
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA, 92647, USA
| | - Adonis Sfera
- Patton State Hospital, Loma Linda University, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Riverside, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Goodman MO, Faquih T, Paz V, Nagarajan P, Lane JM, Spitzer B, Maher M, Chung J, Cade BE, Purcell SM, Zhu X, Noordam R, Phillips AJK, Kyle SD, Spiegelhalder K, Weedon MN, Lawlor DA, Rotter JI, Taylor KD, Isasi CR, Sofer T, Dashti HS, Rutter MK, Redline S, Saxena R, Wang H. Genome-wide association analysis of composite sleep health scores in 413,904 individuals. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.02.02.24302211. [PMID: 38352337 PMCID: PMC10863010 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.02.24302211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of several individual sleep traits have identified hundreds of genetic loci, suggesting diverse mechanisms. Moreover, sleep traits are moderately correlated, and together may provide a more complete picture of sleep health, while also illuminating distinct domains. Here we construct novel sleep health scores (SHSs) incorporating five core self-report measures: sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, chronotype, snoring, and daytime sleepiness, using additive (SHS-ADD) and five principal components-based (SHS-PCs) approaches. GWASs of these six SHSs identify 28 significant novel loci adjusting for multiple testing on six traits (p<8.3e-9), along with 341 previously reported loci (p<5e-08). The heritability of the first three SHS-PCs equals or exceeds that of SHS-ADD (SNP-h2=0.094), while revealing sleep-domain-specific genetic discoveries. Significant loci enrich in multiple brain tissues and in metabolic and neuronal pathways. Post GWAS analyses uncover novel genetic mechanisms underlying sleep health and reveal connections to behavioral, psychological, and cardiometabolic traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew O Goodman
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tariq Faquih
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Valentina Paz
- Instituto de Psicología Clínica, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pavithra Nagarajan
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Lane
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian Spitzer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Maher
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joon Chung
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian E Cade
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shaun M Purcell
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew J. K. Phillips
- School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Simon D. Kyle
- Sir Jules Thorn Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kai Spiegelhalder
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael N Weedon
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Deborah A. Lawlor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hassan S Dashti
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin K Rutter
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richa Saxena
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heming Wang
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Prakash P, Pradhan AK, Sheeba V. Hsp40 overexpression in pacemaker neurons delays circadian dysfunction in a Drosophila model of Huntington's disease. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:275556. [PMID: 35645202 PMCID: PMC9254228 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian disturbances are early features of neurodegenerative diseases, including Huntington's disease (HD). Emerging evidence suggests that circadian decline feeds into neurodegenerative symptoms, exacerbating them. Therefore, we asked whether known neurotoxic modifiers can suppress circadian dysfunction. We performed a screen of neurotoxicity-modifier genes to suppress circadian behavioural arrhythmicity in a Drosophila circadian HD model. The molecular chaperones Hsp40 and HSP70 emerged as significant suppressors in the circadian context, with Hsp40 being the more potent mitigator. Upon Hsp40 overexpression in the Drosophila circadian ventrolateral neurons (LNv), the behavioural rescue was associated with neuronal rescue of loss of circadian proteins from small LNv soma. Specifically, there was a restoration of the molecular clock protein Period and its oscillations in young flies and a long-lasting rescue of the output neuropeptide Pigment dispersing factor. Significantly, there was a reduction in the expanded Huntingtin inclusion load, concomitant with the appearance of a spot-like Huntingtin form. Thus, we provide evidence implicating the neuroprotective chaperone Hsp40 in circadian rehabilitation. The involvement of molecular chaperones in circadian maintenance has broader therapeutic implications for neurodegenerative diseases. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: This study shows, for the first time, a neuroprotective role of chaperone Hsp40 in suppressing circadian dysfunction associated with Huntington's disease in a Drosophila model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavitra Prakash
- Evolutionary and Integrative Biology Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Arpit Kumar Pradhan
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Vasu Sheeba
- Evolutionary and Integrative Biology Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560064, India.,Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560064, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mollá-Albaladejo R, Sánchez-Alcañiz JA. Behavior Individuality: A Focus on Drosophila melanogaster. Front Physiol 2021; 12:719038. [PMID: 34916952 PMCID: PMC8670942 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.719038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Among individuals, behavioral differences result from the well-known interplay of nature and nurture. Minute differences in the genetic code can lead to differential gene expression and function, dramatically affecting developmental processes and adult behavior. Environmental factors, epigenetic modifications, and gene expression and function are responsible for generating stochastic behaviors. In the last decade, the advent of high-throughput sequencing has facilitated studying the genetic basis of behavior and individuality. We can now study the genomes of multiple individuals and infer which genetic variations might be responsible for the observed behavior. In addition, the development of high-throughput behavioral paradigms, where multiple isogenic animals can be analyzed in various environmental conditions, has again facilitated the study of the influence of genetic and environmental variations in animal personality. Mainly, Drosophila melanogaster has been the focus of a great effort to understand how inter-individual behavioral differences emerge. The possibility of using large numbers of animals, isogenic populations, and the possibility of modifying neuronal function has made it an ideal model to search for the origins of individuality. In the present review, we will focus on the recent findings that try to shed light on the emergence of individuality with a particular interest in D. melanogaster.
Collapse
|
5
|
Goh GH, Blache D, Mark PJ, Kennington WJ, Maloney SK. Daily temperature cycles prolong lifespan and have sex-specific effects on peripheral clock gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:237805. [PMID: 33758022 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.233213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms optimize health by coordinating the timing of physiological processes to match predictable daily environmental challenges. The circadian rhythm of body temperature is thought to be an important modulator of molecular clocks in peripheral tissues, but how daily temperature cycles affect physiological function is unclear. Here, we examined the effect of constant temperature (Tcon, 25°C) and cycling temperature (Tcyc, 28°C:22°C during light:dark) paradigms on lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster, and the expression of clock genes, heat shock protein 83 (Hsp83), Frost (Fst) and senescence marker protein-30 (smp-30). Male and female D. melanogaster housed at Tcyc had longer median lifespans than those housed at Tcon. Tcyc induced robust Hsp83 rhythms and rescued the age-related decrease in smp-30 expression that was observed in flies at Tcon, potentially indicating an increased capacity to cope with age-related cellular stress. Ageing under Tcon led to a decrease in the amplitude of expression of all clock genes in the bodies of male flies, except for cyc, which was non-rhythmic, and for per and cry in female flies. Strikingly, housing under Tcyc conditions rescued the age-related decrease in amplitude of all clock genes, and generated rhythmicity in cyc expression, in the male flies, but not the female flies. The results suggest that ambient temperature rhythms modulate D. melanogaster lifespan, and that the amplitude of clock gene expression in peripheral body clocks may be a potential link between temperature rhythms and longevity in male D. melanogaster. Longevity due to Tcyc appeared predominantly independent of clock gene amplitude in female D. melanogaster.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace H Goh
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Dominique Blache
- School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Peter J Mark
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - W Jason Kennington
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Shane K Maloney
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
George R, Stanewsky R. Peripheral Sensory Organs Contribute to Temperature Synchronization of the Circadian Clock in Drosophila melanogaster. Front Physiol 2021; 12:622545. [PMID: 33603678 PMCID: PMC7884628 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.622545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian clocks are cell-autonomous endogenous oscillators, generated and maintained by self-sustained 24-h rhythms of clock gene expression. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, these daily rhythms of gene expression regulate the activity of approximately 150 clock neurons in the fly brain, which are responsible for driving the daily rest/activity cycles of these insects. Despite their endogenous character, circadian clocks communicate with the environment in order to synchronize their self-sustained molecular oscillations and neuronal activity rhythms (internal time) with the daily changes of light and temperature dictated by the Earth's rotation around its axis (external time). Light and temperature changes are reliable time cues (Zeitgeber) used by many organisms to synchronize their circadian clock to the external time. In Drosophila, both light and temperature fluctuations robustly synchronize the circadian clock in the absence of the other Zeitgeber. The complex mechanisms for synchronization to the daily light-dark cycles are understood with impressive detail. In contrast, our knowledge about how the daily temperature fluctuations synchronize the fly clock is rather limited. Whereas light synchronization relies on peripheral and clock-cell autonomous photoreceptors, temperature input to the clock appears to rely mainly on sensory cells located in the peripheral nervous system of the fly. Recent studies suggest that sensory structures located in body and head appendages are able to detect temperature fluctuations and to signal this information to the brain clock. This review will summarize these studies and their implications about the mechanisms underlying temperature synchronization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ralf Stanewsky
- Institute of Neuro- and Behavioral Biology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lu R, Dong Y, Li JD. Necdin regulates BMAL1 stability and circadian clock through SGT1-HSP90 chaperone machinery. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:7944-7957. [PMID: 32667666 PMCID: PMC7430654 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian clocks are endogenous oscillators that control ∼24-hour physiology and behaviors in virtually all organisms. The circadian oscillator comprises interconnected transcriptional and translational feedback loops, but also requires finely coordinated protein homeostasis including protein degradation and maturation. However, the mechanisms underlying the mammalian clock protein maturation is largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that necdin, one of the Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS)-causative genes, is highly expressed in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), the pacemaker of circadian clocks in mammals. Mice deficient in necdin show abnormal behaviors during an 8-hour advance jet-lag paradigm and disrupted clock gene expression in the liver. By using yeast two hybrid screening, we identified BMAL1, the core component of the circadian clock, and co-chaperone SGT1 as two necdin-interactive proteins. BMAL1 and SGT1 associated with the N-terminal and C-terminal fragments of necdin, respectively. Mechanistically, necdin enables SGT1-HSP90 chaperone machinery to stabilize BMAL1. Depletion of necdin or SGT1/HSP90 leads to degradation of BMAL1 through the ubiquitin-proteasome system, resulting in alterations in both clock gene expression and circadian rhythms. Taken together, our data identify the PWS-associated protein necdin as a novel regulator of the circadian clock, and further emphasize the critical roles of chaperone machinery in circadian clock regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renbin Lu
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yufan Dong
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Da Li
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha 410078, Hunan, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
El Cheikh Hussein L, Mollard P, Bonnefont X. Molecular and Cellular Networks in The Suprachiasmatic Nuclei. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20082052. [PMID: 31027315 PMCID: PMC6514755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20082052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Why do we experience the ailments of jetlag when we travel across time zones? Why is working night-shifts so detrimental to our health? In other words, why can’t we readily choose and stick to non-24 h rhythms? Actually, our daily behavior and physiology do not simply result from the passive reaction of our organism to the external cycle of days and nights. Instead, an internal clock drives the variations in our bodily functions with a period close to 24 h, which is supposed to enhance fitness to regular and predictable changes of our natural environment. This so-called circadian clock relies on a molecular mechanism that generates rhythmicity in virtually all of our cells. However, the robustness of the circadian clock and its resilience to phase shifts emerge from the interaction between cell-autonomous oscillators within the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus. Thus, managing jetlag and other circadian disorders will undoubtedly require extensive knowledge of the functional organization of SCN cell networks. Here, we review the molecular and cellular principles of circadian timekeeping, and their integration in the multi-cellular complexity of the SCN. We propose that new, in vivo imaging techniques now enable to address these questions directly in freely moving animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lama El Cheikh Hussein
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France.
| | - Patrice Mollard
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France.
| | - Xavier Bonnefont
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), University Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34094 Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abitbol K, Debiesse S, Molino F, Mesirca P, Bidaud I, Minami Y, Mangoni ME, Yagita K, Mollard P, Bonnefont X. Clock-dependent and system-driven oscillators interact in the suprachiasmatic nuclei to pace mammalian circadian rhythms. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187001. [PMID: 29059248 PMCID: PMC5653358 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian clocks drive biological rhythms with a period of approximately 24 hours and keep in time with the outside world through daily resetting by environmental cues. While this external entrainment has been extensively investigated in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), the role of internal systemic rhythms, including daily fluctuations in core temperature or circulating hormones remains debated. Here, we show that lactating mice, which exhibit dampened systemic rhythms, possess normal molecular clockwork but impaired rhythms in both heat shock response gene expression and electrophysiological output in their SCN. This suggests that body rhythms regulate SCN activity downstream of the clock. Mathematical modeling predicts that systemic feedback upon the SCN functions as an internal oscillator that accounts for in vivo and ex vivo observations. Thus we are able to propose a new bottom-up hierarchical organization of circadian timekeeping in mammals, based on the interaction in the SCN between clock-dependent and system-driven oscillators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karine Abitbol
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Ségolène Debiesse
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - François Molino
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5221, Montpellier, France
| | - Pietro Mesirca
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Bidaud
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Yoichi Minami
- Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Matteo E. Mangoni
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Kazuhiro Yagita
- Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Patrice Mollard
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Xavier Bonnefont
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Naeger NL, Robinson GE. Transcriptomic analysis of instinctive and learned reward-related behaviors in honey bees. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 219:3554-3561. [PMID: 27852762 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.144311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We used transcriptomics to compare instinctive and learned, reward-based honey bee behaviors with similar spatio-temporal components: mating flights by males (drones) and time-trained foraging flights by females (workers), respectively. Genome-wide gene expression profiling via RNA sequencing was performed on the mushroom bodies, a region of the brain known for multi-modal sensory integration and responsive to various types of reward. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the onset of mating (623 genes) were enriched for the gene ontology (GO) categories of Transcription, Unfolded Protein Binding, Post-embryonic Development, and Neuron Differentiation. DEGs associated with the onset of foraging (473) were enriched for Lipid Transport, Regulation of Programmed Cell Death, and Actin Cytoskeleton Organization. These results demonstrate that there are fundamental molecular differences between similar instinctive and learned behaviors. In addition, there were 166 genes with strong similarities in expression across the two behaviors - a statistically significant overlap in gene expression, also seen in Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis. This finding indicates that similar instinctive and learned behaviors also share common molecular architecture. This common set of DEGs was enriched for Regulation of RNA Metabolic Process, Transcription Factor Activity, and Response to Ecdysone. These findings provide a starting point for better understanding the relationship between instincts and learned behaviors. In addition, because bees collect food for their colony rather than for themselves, these results also support the idea that altruistic behavior relies, in part, on elements of brain reward systems associated with selfish behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas L Naeger
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Gene E Robinson
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA .,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.,Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Goda T, Sharp B, Wijnen H. Temperature-dependent resetting of the molecular circadian oscillator in Drosophila. Proc Biol Sci 2015; 281:rspb.2014.1714. [PMID: 25165772 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2014.1714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian clocks responsible for daily time keeping in a wide range of organisms synchronize to daily temperature cycles via pathways that remain poorly understood. To address this problem from the perspective of the molecular oscillator, we monitored temperature-dependent resetting of four of its core components in the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster: the transcripts and proteins for the clock genes period (per) and timeless (tim). The molecular circadian cycle in adult heads exhibited parallel responses to temperature-mediated resetting at the levels of per transcript, tim transcript and TIM protein. Early phase adjustment specific to per transcript rhythms was explained by clock-independent temperature-driven transcription of per. The cold-induced expression of Drosophila per contrasts with the previously reported heat-induced regulation of mammalian Period 2. An altered and more readily re-entrainable temperature-synchronized circadian oscillator that featured temperature-driven per transcript rhythms and phase-shifted TIM and PER protein rhythms was found for flies of the 'Tim 4' genotype, which lacked daily tim transcript oscillations but maintained post-transcriptional temperature entrainment of tim expression. The accelerated molecular and behavioural temperature entrainment observed for Tim 4 flies indicates that clock-controlled tim expression constrains the rate of temperature cycle-mediated circadian resetting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Goda
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4328, USA
| | - Brandi Sharp
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4328, USA
| | - Herman Wijnen
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4328, USA Centre for Biological Sciences and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Profiling molecular and behavioral circadian rhythms in the non-symbiotic sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11418. [PMID: 26081482 PMCID: PMC4476465 DOI: 10.1038/srep11418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous circadian clocks are poorly understood within early-diverging animal
lineages. We have characterized circadian behavioral patterns and identified
potential components of the circadian clock in the starlet sea anemone,
Nematostella vectensis: a model cnidarian which lacks algal symbionts.
Using automatic video tracking we showed that Nematostella exhibits rhythmic
circadian locomotor activity, which is persistent in constant dark, shifted or
disrupted by external dark/light cues and maintained the same rate at two different
temperatures. This activity was inhibited by a casein kinase 1δ/ε
inhibitor, suggesting a role for CK1 homologue(s) in Nematostella clock.
Using high-throughput sequencing we profiled Nematostella transcriptomes over
48 hours under a light-dark cycle. We identified 180 Nematostella
diurnally-oscillated transcripts and compared them with previously established
databases of adult and larvae of the symbiotic coral Acropora millepora,
revealing both shared homologues and unique rhythmic genes. Taken together, this
study further establishes Nematostella as a non-symbiotic model organism to
study circadian rhythms and increases our understanding about the fundamental
elements of circadian regulation and their evolution within the Metazoa
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
The mammalian circadian clock comprises a system of interconnected transcriptional and translational feedback loops. Proper oscillator function requires the precisely timed synthesis and degradation of core clock proteins. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent molecular chaperone, has important functions in many cellular regulatory pathways by controlling the activity and stability of its various client proteins. Despite accumulating evidence for interplay between the heat shock response and the circadian system, the role of HSP90 in the mammalian core clock is not known. The results of this study suggest that inhibition of the ATP-dependent chaperone activity of HSP90 impairs circadian rhythmicity of cultured mouse fibroblasts whereby amplitude and phase of the oscillations are predominantly affected. Inhibition of HSP90 shortened the half-life of BMAL1, which resulted in reduced cellular protein levels and blunted expression of rhythmic BMAL1-CLOCK target genes. Furthermore, the HSP90 isoforms HSP90AA1 and HSP90AB1, and not HSP90B1-GRP94 or TRAP1, are responsible for maintaining proper cellular levels of BMAL1 protein. In summary, these findings provide evidence for a model in which cytoplasmic HSP90 is required for transcriptional activation processes by the positive arm of the mammalian circadian clock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Schneider
- University of Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chow AM, Beraud E, Tang DW, Ferrier-Pagès C, Brown IR. Hsp60 protein pattern in coral is altered by environmental changes in light and temperature. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2012; 161:349-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
15
|
HSP90 functions in the circadian clock through stabilization of the client F-box protein ZEITLUPE. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:16843-8. [PMID: 21949396 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1110406108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The autoregulatory loops of the circadian clock consist of feedback regulation of transcription/translation circuits but also require finely coordinated cytoplasmic and nuclear proteostasis. Although protein degradation is important to establish steady-state levels, maturation into their active conformation also factors into protein homeostasis. HSP90 facilitates the maturation of a wide range of client proteins, and studies in metazoan clocks implicate HSP90 as an integrator of input or output. Here we show that the Arabidopsis circadian clock-associated F-box protein ZEITLUPE (ZTL) is a unique client for cytoplasmic HSP90. The HSP90-specific inhibitor geldanamycin and RNAi-mediated depletion of cytoplasmic HSP90 reduces levels of ZTL and lengthens circadian period, consistent with ztl loss-of-function alleles. Transient transfection of artificial microRNA targeting cytoplasmic HSP90 genes similarly lengthens period. Proteolytic targets of SCF(ZTL), TOC1 and PRR5, are stabilized in geldanamycin-treated seedlings, whereas the levels of closely related clock proteins, PRR3 and PRR7, are unchanged. An in vitro holdase assay, typically used to demonstrate chaperone activity, shows that ZTL can be effectively bound, and aggregation prevented, by HSP90. GIGANTEA, a unique stabilizer of ZTL, may act in the same pathway as HSP90, possibly linking these two proteins to a similar mechanism. Our findings establish maturation of ZTL by HSP90 as essential for proper function of the Arabidopsis circadian clock. Unlike metazoan systems, HSP90 functions here within the core oscillator. Additionally, F-box proteins as clients may place HSP90 in a unique and more central role in proteostasis.
Collapse
|
16
|
Hsp90 in non-mammalian metazoan model systems. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2011; 1823:712-21. [PMID: 21983200 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Revised: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The molecular chaperone Hsp90 has been discovered in the heat-shock response of the fruit fly more than 30years ago. Today, it is becoming clear that Hsp90 is in the middle of a regulatory system, participating in the modulation of many essential client proteins and signaling pathways. Exerting these activities, Hsp90 works together with about a dozen of cochaperones. Due to their organismal simplicity and the possibility to influence their genetics on a large scale, many studies have addressed the function of Hsp90 in several multicellular model systems. Defined pathways involving Hsp90 client proteins have been identified in the metazoan model systems of Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster and the zebrafish Danio rerio. Here, we summarize the functions of Hsp90 during muscle maintenance, development of phenotypic traits and the involvement of Hsp90 in stress responses, all of which were largely uncovered using the model organisms covered in this review. These findings highlight the many specific and general actions of the Hsp90 chaperone machinery. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90).
Collapse
|
17
|
Naeger NL, Van Nest BN, Johnson JN, Boyd SD, Southey BR, Rodriguez-Zas SL, Moore D, Robinson GE. Neurogenomic signatures of spatiotemporal memories in time-trained forager honey bees. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 214:979-87. [PMID: 21346126 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.053421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Honey bees can form distinct spatiotemporal memories that allow them to return repeatedly to different food sources at different times of day. Although it is becoming increasingly clear that different behavioral states are associated with different profiles of brain gene expression, it is not known whether this relationship extends to states that are as dynamic and specific as those associated with foraging-related spatiotemporal memories. We tested this hypothesis by training different groups of foragers from the same colony to collect sucrose solution from one of two artificial feeders; each feeder was in a different location and had sucrose available at a different time, either in the morning or afternoon. Bees from both training groups were collected at both the morning and afternoon training times to result in one set of bees that was undergoing stereotypical food anticipatory behavior and another that was inactive for each time of day. Between the two groups with the different spatiotemporal memories, microarray analysis revealed that 1329 genes were differentially expressed in the brains of honey bees. Many of these genes also varied with time of day, time of training or state of food anticipation. Some of these genes are known to be involved in a variety of biological processes, including metabolism and behavior. These results indicate that distinct spatiotemporal foraging memories in honey bees are associated with distinct neurogenomic signatures, and the decomposition of these signatures into sets of genes that are also influenced by time or activity state hints at the modular composition of this complex neurogenomic phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas L Naeger
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61820, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Weber F, Zorn D, Rademacher C, Hung HC. Post-translational timing mechanisms of the Drosophila circadian clock. FEBS Lett 2011; 585:1443-9. [PMID: 21486567 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2011] [Revised: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Circadian clocks allow a temporal coordination and segregation of physiological, metabolic, and behavioural processes as well as their synchronization with the environmental cycles of day and night. Circadian regulation thereby provides a vital advantage, improving an organisms' adaptation to its environment. The molecular clock can be synchronized with environmental cycles of day and night, but is able to maintain a self-sustained molecular oscillation also in the absence of environmental stimuli. Interlocked transcriptional-translational feedback loops were shown to form the basis of circadian clock function in all phyla from bacteria, fungi, plants, insects to humans. More recently post-translational regulation was identified to be equally important, if not sufficient for molecular clock function and accurate timing of circadian transcription. Here we review recent insights into post-translational timing mechanisms that control the circadian clock, with a particular focus on Drosophila. Analogous to transcriptional feedback regulation, circadian clock function in Drosophila appears to rely on inter-connected post-translational timers. Post-translational regulation of clock proteins illustrates mechanisms that allow a precise temporal control of transcription factors in general and of circadian transcription in particular.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Weber
- University of Heidelberg Biochemistry Center (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hung HC, Maurer C, Zorn D, Chang WL, Weber F. Sequential and compartment-specific phosphorylation controls the life cycle of the circadian CLOCK protein. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:23734-42. [PMID: 19564332 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.025064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock facilitates a temporal coordination of most homeostatic activities and their synchronization with the environmental cycles of day and night. The core oscillating activity of the circadian clock is formed by a heterodimer of the transcription factors CLOCK (CLK) and CYCLE (CYC). Post-translational regulation of CLK/CYC has previously been shown to be crucial for clock function and accurate timing of circadian transcription. Here we report that a sequential and compartment-specific phosphorylation of the Drosophila CLK protein assigns specific localization and activity patterns. Total and nuclear amounts of CLK protein were found to oscillate over the course of a day in circadian neurons. Detailed analysis of the cellular distribution and phosphorylation of CLK revealed that newly synthesized CLK is hypophosphorylated in the cytoplasm prior to nuclear import. In the nucleus, CLK is converted into an intermediate phosphorylation state that correlates with trans-activation of circadian transcription. Hyperphosphorylation and degradation are promoted by nuclear export of the CLK protein. Surprisingly, CLK localized to discrete nuclear foci in cell culture as well as in circadian neurons of the larval brain. These subnuclear sites likely contain a storage form of the transcription factor, while homogeneously distributed nuclear CLK appears to be the transcriptionally active form. These results show that sequential post-translational modifications and subcellular distribution regulate the activity of the CLK protein, indicating a core post-translational timing mechanism of the circadian clock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Cheng Hung
- Biochemistry Center Heidelberg (BZH), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Maurer C, Hung HC, Weber F. Cytoplasmic interaction with CYCLE promotes the post-translational processing of the circadian CLOCK protein. FEBS Lett 2009; 583:1561-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2009] [Revised: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 04/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|