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Interrante JD, Fritz AH, McCoy MB, Kozhimannil KB. Effects of Breastfeeding Peer Counseling on County-Level Breastfeeding Rates Among WIC Participants in Greater Minnesota. Womens Health Issues 2024; 34:232-240. [PMID: 38195269 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE U.S. breastfeeding outcomes consistently fall short of public health targets, with lower rates among rural and low-income people, as well as participants in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). The U.S. Department of Agriculture funded a subset of local WIC agencies in Minnesota to implement Breastfeeding Peer Counseling Programs (BFPCs) aimed at improving breastfeeding rates. We examined the impact of BFPCs on breastfeeding rates among WIC participants in Greater Minnesota (outside the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area). METHODS We used data from the Minnesota WIC Information System for the years 2012 through 2019 to estimate the impact of peer counseling on breastfeeding duration using difference-in-differences models. Additionally, we examined results among rural counties and assessed the possibility of spillover effects by stratifying whether a county without BFPCs bordered one with BFPCs. RESULTS Availability of BFPCs resulted in a 3.1 to 3.4 percentage-point increase in breastfeeding rates at 3 months and a 3.2 to 3.7 percentage-point increase in breastfeeding rates at 6 months among WIC participants in Greater Minnesota. Among rural counties, results showed a statistically significant 4.1 to 5.2 percentage-point increase in breastfeeding duration rates. Both border and nonborder counties experienced positive impacts of BFPCs on breastfeeding rates, suggesting wide-ranging program spillover effects. CONCLUSIONS BFPCs had a significant positive impact on breastfeeding duration. Findings indicate an opportunity for improving rural breastfeeding rates through increased funding for WIC BFPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia D Interrante
- Division of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
| | - Alyssa H Fritz
- Division of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Marcia B McCoy
- Minnesota Department of Health Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, Division of Child and Family Health, St Paul, Minnesota
| | - Katy Backes Kozhimannil
- Division of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Trinh S, Odems D, Ward L, Monangi N, Shockley-Smith M, Previtera M, Knox-Kazimierczuk FA. Examining the Role of Women, Infant, and Children in Black Women Breastfeeding Duration and Exclusivity: A Systematic Review. Breastfeed Med 2023; 18:737-750. [PMID: 37856661 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2023.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Background: African American women continue to experience low rates of breastfeeding initiation as well as low rates of exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. Research has indicated that there are several social determinants that impact breastfeeding rates, but there is a dearth of literature that allows African American women to give voice to their experiences. In addition, research has shown women, infant, and children (WIC) participants to have lower breastfeeding rates than non-WIC eligible women. Research Aim/Question: The aim of this systematic review was to examine the relationship between WIC program participation and breastfeeding initiation and duration among non-Hispanic African American/Black women. Methods: The approach for this review used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Four online databases, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and SCOPUS, were used to search for peer-reviewed articles and grey literature. Results: Two hundred eighteen articles were retrieved through the database search and underwent initial screening, yielding 59 potential eligible articles. Full-text articles were further reviewed and 11 met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. Conclusions: Included studies show mixed results regarding the association between WIC participation and breastfeeding initiation, but there is a general negative association between WIC participation and breastfeeding duration, especially among Black women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Trinh
- Department of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutrition Science, College of Allied Health Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Dorian Odems
- School of Population Health, College of Health and Human Services, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Laura Ward
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Nagendra Monangi
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Meredith Shockley-Smith
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cradle Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Melissa Previtera
- Health Science Library, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Francoise A Knox-Kazimierczuk
- Department of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutrition Science, College of Allied Health Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Buxbaum SG, Arigbede O, Mathis A, Close F, Suther SG, Mazzio E, Saunders-Jones R, Soliman KFA, Darling-Reed SF. Disparities in Infant Nutrition: WIC Participation and Rates of Breastfeeding in Florida. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5988. [PMID: 37297592 PMCID: PMC10253221 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20115988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Being cognizant of the pronounced health advantages of breastfeeding for both the nursing mother and her infant, the breastfeeding dyad, we examined breastfeeding rates among Floridian women who gave birth from 2012 to 2014 (N = 639,052). We investigated the associations between breastfeeding initiation and WIC-based breastfeeding support (the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children), education level, and race and ethnicity. We compared the percentage of breastfeeding mothers between those in the WIC program and those who were not, and we compared breastfeeding rates across racial and ethnic groups. Consistent with previous reports, black newborns in this study were breastfed at lower rates than other racial groups, and WIC program participants were less likely to breastfeed than non-WIC program participants. However, by breaking down the data by education level and race, and ethnicity, we see a significantly increased rate of breastfeeding due to WIC participation for both Hispanic and black women with less than a high school education. Further, we assessed differences by insurance type, race, and WIC participation. In multivariable logistic regression, we showed that the WIC program has a significant positive impact on breastfeeding rates for all but white non-Hispanic mothers, independent of sociodemographic and geographic variables. We also note a trend of increasing breastfeeding rates over the study period (p-value < 0.0001), which has positive public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah G. Buxbaum
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
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Springall TL, McLachlan HL, Forster DA, Browne J, Chamberlain C. Factors associated with breastfeeding initiation and maintenance for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women in Australia: A systematic review and narrative analysis. Women Birth 2023; 36:224-234. [PMID: 35840537 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (hereafter referred to as Aboriginal) women breastfeed at lower rates than non-Aboriginal women. Little is known about factors associated with breastfeeding specific to Aboriginal women and infants. AIM Determine the protective and risk factors associated with breastfeeding for Aboriginal women in Australia. METHODS CINAHL, Medline, EMBASE, SCOPUS, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane library were searched for peer-reviewed literature published between 1995 and 2021. Quantitative studies written in English reporting protective and risk factors associated with breastfeeding for Aboriginal women or women having an Aboriginal infant were included. Ten percent of papers were co-screened, and two reviewers completed data extraction. Narrative data synthesis was used. FINDINGS The initial search identified 12,091 records, with 31 full text studies retrieved, and 17 reports from 14 studies met inclusion criteria. Protective factors included living in a remote area, attending an Aboriginal-specific service, attending a regional service, higher levels of education attainment, increased maternal age, living in larger households, being partnered, and having a higher reported number of stressful events and social health issues. The identified risk factors were smoking in pregnancy, admission to SCN or NICU, and being multiparous. CONCLUSION This review identified factors associated with breastfeeding for Aboriginal women. Government focus, support, and consistent funding are required to plan and implement evidence-based interventions and services for Aboriginal women and infants in urban, rural, remote, and very remote locations. Rigorous research is required to understand the Aboriginal-specific factors associated with breastfeeding to improve rates and health outcomes for Aboriginal women and infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanisha L Springall
- Judith Lumley Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Meadowbrook, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Helen L McLachlan
- Judith Lumley Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Della A Forster
- Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Maternity Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Jennifer Browne
- Deakin University, Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Catherine Chamberlain
- Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Health Equity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; NGANGK YIRA: Murdoch University Research Centre for Aboriginal Health and Social Equity, Australia; The Lowitja Institute, Australia.
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Maternal Exposure to Disinfection By-Products and Risk of Hypospadias in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (2000-2005). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249564. [PMID: 33371304 PMCID: PMC7766973 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to estimate the association between 2nd and 3rd degree hypospadias and maternal exposure to disinfection by-products (DBPs) using data from a large case-control study in the United States. Concentration estimates for total trihalomethanes (TTHMs), the sum of the five most prevalent haloacetic acids (HAA5), and individual species of each were integrated with data on maternal behaviors related to water-use from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) to create three different exposure metrics: (1) household DBP concentrations; (2) estimates of DBP ingestion; (3) predicted uptake (i.e., internal dose) of trihalomethanes (THMs) via ingestion, showering, and bathing. The distribution of DBP exposure was categorized as follows: (Q1/referent) < 50%; (Q2) ≥ 50% to < 75%; and (Q3) ≥ 75%. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Generally, null associations were observed with increasing TTHM or HAA5 exposure. An increased risk was observed among women with household bromodichloromethane levels in the second quantile (aOR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2, 2.7); however, this association did not persist after the inclusion of individual-level water-use data. Findings from the present study do not support the hypothesis that maternal DBP exposures are related to the occurrence of hypospadias.
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Tracz J, Gajewska D. Factors Influencing the Duration of Breastfeeding among Polish Women. JOURNAL OF MOTHER AND CHILD 2020; 24:39-46. [PMID: 33074176 PMCID: PMC8518111 DOI: 10.34763/jmotherandchild.2020241.2006.000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Objective The study aimed to analyse the factors that influence the duration of breastfeeding among Polish women. Materials and methods The study group consisted of 1,024 mothers of children aged 6–18 months who were breastfeeding or are currently breastfeeding. Data were collected through a computer-assisted Web interview. Univariate analysis and correspondence analysis were performed to determine the predictors of exclusive breast-feeding and breastfeeding among Polish women. Results Maternal age, maternal education, pre-pregnancy body mass index, voivodeship, birth weight and due time had a significant impact on breastfeeding duration (p < 0.05). Mothers who were older (35± years of age), had a higher level of education and lived in mid-sized cities were more often breastfeeding exclusively, in accordance with the World Health Organization's recommendations. Women who were younger, had a lower level of education, lived in rural areas, and had a lower BMI breastfed exclusively for a shorter period. The most frequently suggested reason for breastfeeding cessation was maternal concerns about insufficient milk supply (41%). The percentage of women who gave up breastfeeding before the 6th month following the delivery was the highest in the northeastern region of Poland (53%), whereas the percentage of women who stopped exclusive breastfeeding was the highest in the southwest region of Poland (69.4%). Conclusions Our study highlights that the reasons for breastfeeding cessation are often complex. Therefore, the promotion of breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life should be a social responsibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Tracz
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Danuta Gajewska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Science, Warsaw, Poland
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Stamenkovic Z, Matejic B, Djikanovic B, Bjegovic-Mikanovic V. Surprising Differences in the Practice of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Non-Roma and Roma Population in Serbia. Front Public Health 2020; 8:277. [PMID: 32714892 PMCID: PMC7342049 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is essential for early childhood development, although the use of adaptive milk formulas instead of breastfeeding is widespread nowadays. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of exclusively breastfed infants under the age of 6 months in non-Roma and Roma population and factors associated with this practice. Materials and Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of the Serbian Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey investigating non-Roma and Roma infants under the age of 6 months. The study included mothers of 321 non-Roma and 164 Roma infants younger than 6 months. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression served to analyze factors associated with the practice of exclusive breastfeeding in both populations. Results: The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was almost the same among mothers in both non-Roma and Roma population (13.3 vs. 13%, p = 0.910). Exclusive breastfeeding was significantly more often (p < 0.001) among wealthier women, women whose newborns were over 2,500 g on birth, multipara, and women who had not established menstrual cycle among both populations. Living outside the capital significantly diminishes the chance for exclusively breastfed infants in the non-Roma community (Vojvodina: OR 0.16, CI 95% 0.03–0.92; eastern Serbia: OR 0.02, CI 95% 0.01–0.35) as well as living in the rural area (urban: OR 10.35, CI 95% 1.94–55.28). Unexpectedly, in the non-Roma population, not staying in the same room with the newborn in the maternity ward increases the chance for the baby to be exclusively breastfed (OR 7.19, CI 95% 1.80–28.68). The same pattern has been observed in Roma population. Non-Roma mothers multipara are more likely to exclusively breastfeed their children than primipara (OR 7.78, CI 95% 1.09–20.93), while among Roma mothers, the inverse association has been found although not significant (OR 0.42, CI 95% 0.14–1.23). Attending a childbirth preparation program more than 18 times increases the chances of infants being exclusively breastfed (OR 18.65, CI 95% 1.34–53.67). In the Roma population, there was no single woman that attended a childbirth preparation program. Conclusion: The pattern of exclusive breastfeeding significantly differs between non-Roma and Roma populations. Preventive work should have focus on strengthening support to mothers and medical staff in maternity wards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeljka Stamenkovic
- Institute of Social Medicine, Medical Faculty University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojana Matejic
- Institute of Social Medicine, Medical Faculty University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bosiljka Djikanovic
- Institute of Social Medicine, Medical Faculty University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Hamilton WN, Tarasenko YN. Breastfeeding Practices in Georgia: Rural-Urban Comparison and Trend Analyses Based on 2004-2013 PRAMS Data. J Rural Health 2019; 36:17-26. [PMID: 31254310 DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention identified rural mothers as a priority population for targeted breastfeeding promotion programs. In Georgia, breastfeeding rates lag behind the national ones. This study examines rural-urban differences and trends over time in breastfeeding initiation and continuation (breastfeeding for at least 8 weeks) among women with a live birth from 2004 to 2013 in Georgia. METHODS This observational study is based on the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System data. The National Center for Health Statistics urban-rural continuum codes were used to operationalize mother's county of residence. Prevalence of breastfeeding was estimated from the logistic regression models, unadjusted and adjusted for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. FINDINGS In both unadjusted and adjusted analyses, significantly fewer rural (60.2%, 95% CI: 57.5-62.9 and 64.5%, 95% CI: 61.3-67.6, respectively) than urban (74.9%, 95% CI: 73.4-76.4 and 72.9%, 95% CI: 71.1-74.6, respectively) mothers initiated breastfeeding (P < .001). Similar rural-urban differences persisted throughout the 10-year study period-approximately 15 percentage points (pps) in unadjusted and over 8 pps in adjusted analyses (Ps < .001). Fewer rural (35.9%, CI: 32.4-39.3) than urban (44.7%, CI: 42.7-46.7) mothers continued breastfeeding, but this difference was significant overall and over time in unadjusted analyses only (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Interventions increasing breastfeeding initiation in rural mothers can be expected to lead to cumulative increase in breastfeeding practices among Georgia women. Equally important, however, is to increase the rates of breastfeeding initiation in all women and support for all women to continue breastfeeding for longer duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney N Hamilton
- Health Services Administration, Middle Georgia State University, Macon, Georgia
| | - Yelena N Tarasenko
- Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia
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Mercier RJ. Identifying Risk Factors for Not Breastfeeding: The Interaction of Race and Economic Factors: A Case for Seeking a Local Perspective. Breastfeed Med 2018; 13:544-548. [PMID: 30335490 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2018.0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Breastfeeding rates in the United States continue to rise, but still fall short of goals for both initiation and continuation. Many different maternal demographic characteristics have been identified as risk factors for not breastfeeding, but the literature remains inconsistent. National and even state-level data may not reflect patterns seen at the local level. Clinicians and breastfeeding advocates should be aware of the general trends, but should more importantly become familiar with the predominant risk patterns in their local area and populations. This presentation for the Breastfeeding Summit reports on our findings regarding the influence of race and economic status on breastfeeding behavior among women in inner city Philadelphia, and makes a case for advocates and clinicians to explore these trends in their own, local populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Mercier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Mercier RJ, Burcher TA, Horowitz R, Wolf A. Differences in Breastfeeding Among Medicaid and Commercially Insured Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Breastfeed Med 2018; 13:286-291. [PMID: 29634340 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2017.0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While breastfeeding rates have been increasing in the United States, they remain below targets set by multiple public health organizations. Lower rates are associated with certain demographic groups. We performed a retrospective chart review to examine rates of breastfeeding at the time of postpartum follow-up in a mixed-race urban cohort. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to examine the proportion of women who were breastfeeding at 6-8 weeks postpartum and to determine if these proportions differed by race and insurance status. MATERIALS AND METHODS We identified women who delivered singleton term infants at an urban university hospital between July and December 2013. Self-reported breastfeeding status at 6-8 weeks postpartum was abstracted for all women who completed postpartum follow-up visits. Data were analyzed with logistic regression to compare rates of any or exclusive breastfeeding between women with Medicaid and private insurance. RESULTS Charts of 656 women were reviewed; 405 women completed postpartum follow-up within 8 weeks. The Medicaid population had significantly lower rates of breastfeeding even after accounting for interaction and confounding by demographic factors (any breastfeeding odd ratio [OR] 0.53, confidence interval [CI] 0.04-0.31; exclusive breastfeeding OR 0.48, CI 0.33-0.85). When stratified by race, white women on Medicaid had the lowest probability of breastfeeding of all groups (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Among patients delivering at an urban academic hospital, women on Medicaid were significantly less likely to breastfeed than those with private insurance. The greatest differential by insurance was seen among white women. Efforts to improve breastfeeding should focus on low-income women of all races.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Mercier
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Rachel Horowitz
- 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lankenau Hospital , Wynnewood, Pennsylvania
| | - Abigail Wolf
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Development and Validation of a Questionnaire on Breastfeeding Intentions, Attitudes and Knowledge of a Sample of Croatian Secondary-School Students. CHILDREN 2018; 5:children5050056. [PMID: 29702616 PMCID: PMC5977038 DOI: 10.3390/children5050056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Validating a questionnaire/instrument before proceeding to the field for data collection is important. Methods: An 18-item breastfeeding intention, 39-item attitude and 44-item knowledge questionnaire was validated in a Croatian sample of secondary-school students (N = 277). Results: For the intentions, principal component analysis (PCA) yielded a four-factor solution with 8 items explaining 68.3% of the total variance. Cronbach’s alpha (0.71) indicated satisfactory internal consistency. For the attitudes, PCA showed a seven-factor structure with 33 items explaining 58.41% of total variance. Cronbach’s alpha (0.87) indicated good internal consistency. There were 13 knowledge questions that were retained after item analysis, showing good internal consistency (KR20 = 0.83). In terms of criterion validity, the questionnaire differentiated between students who received breastfeeding education compared to students who were not educated in breastfeeding. Correlations between intentions and attitudes (r = 0.49), intentions and knowledge (r = 0.29), and attitudes and knowledge (r = 0.38) confirmed concurrent validity. Conclusions: The final instrument is reliable and valid for data collection on breastfeeding. Therefore, the instrument is recommended for evaluation of breastfeeding education programs aimed at upper-grade elementary and secondary school students.
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Wouk K, Chetwynd E, Vitaglione T, Sullivan C. Improving Access to Medical Lactation Support and Counseling: Building the Case for Medicaid Reimbursement. Matern Child Health J 2018; 21:836-844. [PMID: 27535132 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-016-2175-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective While the Affordable Care Act improves access to lactation services for many women across the US, low-income mothers in states without Medicaid expansion lack coverage for lactation support. As these states consider individual Medicaid reimbursement policies, the availability, effectiveness, and cost-benefit of lactation services must be evaluated. We conducted such an analysis for low-income mothers in North Carolina (NC), providing a model for other states. Methods First, we analyzed the distribution of NC International Board Certified Lactation Consultants (IBCLCs) and county-level breastfeeding rates among low-income infants. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between IBCLC density and 6-week breastfeeding duration. Finally, state advocates collaborated on a cost-benefit analysis of Medicaid coverage of IBCLCs. Results Maps of the NC breastfeeding support landscape indicate that IBCLCs are available to provide services to low-income women across the state. Compared to counties with no IBCLCs, those with high IBCLC density were found to have a 6-week breastfeeding prevalence ratio of 1.20 (95 % CI 1.12, 1.28). Medicaid reimbursement of IBCLCs showed an estimated annual cost savings of $2.33 million. Conclusions for Practice In one state without Medicaid expansion, we found that breastfeeding support resources are available across the state, high density IBCLC support is associated with increased breastfeeding by low-income mothers, and services are cost-effective. Our model for Medicaid reimbursement in NC provides a framework for states to improve equity in access to optimal lactation support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Wouk
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Carolina Global Breastfeeding Institute, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, CB#7445, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Ellen Chetwynd
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Carolina Global Breastfeeding Institute, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, CB#7445, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Thomas Vitaglione
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Carolina Global Breastfeeding Institute, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, CB#7445, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Child Fatality Task Force, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Catherine Sullivan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Carolina Global Breastfeeding Institute, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, CB#7445, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical lactation professionals, breastfeeding peer counseling, and mother-to-mother support are important sources of information and guidance for helping mothers initiate and maintain breastfeeding in the early weeks, months, and years postpartum. However, there is limited information concerning the geographic barriers that mothers face when seeking this support. Research aim: This study aimed to identify the geographic barriers to breastfeeding support, delineate gaps in access, assess inequities in the distribution of local support, and highlight the underlying differences in access and equity for different demographic and socioeconomic groups. METHODS The locations of formal breastfeeding support resources were collected for the state of Ohio for 2016 and were combined with demographic and socioeconomic estimates and derived transportation catchment areas to conduct an analysis of spatial access and equity. RESULTS Significant geographic gaps in formal breastfeeding support exist within the state of Ohio. Although urban areas benefit from a higher density of support options, including a wide variety of clinical experts and mother-to-mother support groups, inequities in exurban and rural areas were more strongly aligned with socioeconomic status than geography. In particular, the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children offices in rural Ohio offer breastfeeding support to income-qualifying mothers but cannot address the needs of mothers who do not qualify. CONCLUSION Spatial analytical approaches facilitate a more nuanced view of access and equity to breastfeeding support options, helping to both decompose important structural differences in the state of Ohio and identify locations that could benefit from additional breastfeeding support resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony H Grubesic
- 1 Center for Spatial Reasoning & Policy Analytics, College of Public Service & Community Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Kelly M Durbin
- 2 Childbirth International, Singapore.,3 LaLeche League International, Schaumburg, IL, USA
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Cox K, Giglia R, Binns CW. Breastfeeding beyond the big smoke: Who provides support for mothers in rural Western Australia? Aust J Rural Health 2017; 25:369-375. [DOI: 10.1111/ajr.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kylee Cox
- WA Country Health Service; Perth Western Australia Australia
- School of Public Health; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Roslyn Giglia
- School of Public Health; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Colin W. Binns
- School of Public Health; Curtin University; Perth Western Australia Australia
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Draman N, Mohamad N, Yusoff HM, Muhamad R. The decision of breastfeeding practices among parents attending primary health care facilities in suburban Malaysia. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2017; 12:412-417. [PMID: 31435272 PMCID: PMC6694974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to determine the association between decision making for breastfeeding practices and associated factors for exclusive breastfeeding practices among parents attending primary health care facilities. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 196 parents who attended primary health care facilities in suburban Malaysia. A self-administered questionnaire was given to assess decision-making styles and factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding practices. Systematic random sampling was used for the non-exclusive breastfeeding group, and convenience sampling was used for the exclusive breastfeeding group. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the associated factors for exclusive breastfeeding practices. Results We found an association between the mutual decision of parents on exclusive breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding practices. Previous exclusive breastfeeding experience, fathers' ages, mothers' occupations and mutual decisions had significant impact on exclusive breastfeeding practices. Conclusion The important determinant for practising exclusive breastfeeding is parents' mutual decisions. Therefore, practitioners need to continuously educate and emphasize the fathers' role in the breastfeeding process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nani Draman
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Noraini Mohamad
- School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Harmy M Yusoff
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Rosediani Muhamad
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Gerçek E, Sarıkaya Karabudak S, Ardıç Çelik N, Saruhan A. The relationship between breastfeeding self-efficacy and LATCH scores and affecting factors. J Clin Nurs 2016; 26:994-1004. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emine Gerçek
- Nursing Department; Söke School of Health; Adnan Menderes University; Faculty of Nursing; Women's Health and Diseases Nursing Department; Aydın Turkey
| | - Seher Sarıkaya Karabudak
- Adnan Menderes University; Faculty of Nursing; Child Health and Diseases Nursing Department; Aydın School of Health; Adnan Menderes University; Aydın Turkey
| | - Nigar Ardıç Çelik
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing Department; Faculty of Nursing; Ege University; İzmir Turkey
| | - Aynur Saruhan
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing Department; Faculty of Nursing; Ege University; İzmir Turkey
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Breastfeeding initiation rates vary considerably across racial and ethnic groups, maternal age, and education level, yet there are limited data concerning the influence of geography on community rates of breastfeeding initiation. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe how community rates of breastfeeding initiation vary in geographic space, highlighting "hot spots" and "cool spots" of initiation and exploring the potential connections between race, socioeconomic status, and urbanization levels on these patterns. METHODS Birth certificate data from the Kentucky Department of Health for 2004-2010 were combined with county-level geographic base files, Census 2010 demographic and socioeconomic data, and Rural-Urban Continuum Codes to conduct a spatial statistical analysis of community rates of breastfeeding initiation. RESULTS Between 2004 and 2010, the average rate of breastfeeding initiation for Kentucky increased from 43.84% to 49.22%. Simultaneously, the number of counties identified as breastfeeding initiation hot spots also increased, displaying a systematic geographic pattern in doing so. Cool spots of breastfeeding initiation persisted in rural, Appalachian Kentucky. Spatial regression results suggested that unemployment, income, race, education, location, and the availability of International Board Certified Lactation Consultants are connected to breastfeeding initiation. CONCLUSION Not only do spatial analytics facilitate the identification of breastfeeding initiation hot spots and cool spots, but they can be used to better understand the landscape of breastfeeding initiation and help target breastfeeding education and/or support efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony H Grubesic
- 1 Center for Spatial Reasoning & Policy Analytics, College of Public Service & Community Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Cox KN, Giglia RC, Binns CW. The influence of infant feeding attitudes on breastfeeding duration: evidence from a cohort study in rural Western Australia. Int Breastfeed J 2015; 10:25. [PMID: 26300952 PMCID: PMC4545972 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-015-0048-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast milk is the optimal source of nutrition for infants in the first six months of life. Promoting and protecting breastfeeding is reflected in public health policy across the globe, but breastfeeding rates in both developing and industrialised countries continue to demonstrate that few mothers meet these recommendations. In addition to sociodemographic factors such as age, education and income, modifiable factors such as maternal infant feeding attitudes have been shown to influence breastfeeding duration. The objective of this paper was to describe the influence of infant feeding attitudes on breastfeeding duration in rural Western Australia. Methods A cohort of 427 women and their infants were recruited from hospitals in rural Western Australia and followed for a period of 12 months. Information about feeding methods was gathered in hospital and at a further seven follow-up contacts. Infant feeding attitude was measured using the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS), and a score of > 65 was considered positive towards breastfeeding. Results Mothers with an IIFAS score of > 65 were approximately twice as likely to be exclusively breastfeeding at six months, and breastfeeding at any intensity to 12 months. The median duration of exclusive breastfeeding for mothers with an IIFAS score of > 65 was 16 weeks (95 % CI 13.5, 18.5) compared with 5 weeks for those with a score < 65 (95 % CI 3.2, 6.8) (p < 0.0001). The median duration of any breastfeeding to 12 months was more than twice as long for mothers with an IIFAS score > 65 (48 vs. 22 weeks, p < 0.001). Conclusions Women in this rural cohort who had a more positive attitude towards breastfeeding had a longer duration of both exclusive breastfeeding to six months and any breastfeeding to 12 months. Further research examining the breastfeeding attitudes of specific subgroups such as men, grandparents and adolescents in rural areas will contribute to the evidence base and help to ensure that breastfeeding is seen as the normal method of infant feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylee N Cox
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102 Australia
| | - Roslyn C Giglia
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102 Australia ; UWA Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Colin W Binns
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102 Australia
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Cox K, Giglia R, Zhao Y, Binns CW. Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge in rural Western Australia. J Hum Lact 2014; 30:488-97. [PMID: 25139681 DOI: 10.1177/0890334414547274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breastfeeding is accepted as the best way of feeding infants, and health authorities recommend exclusive breastfeeding to around 6 months of age, but despite the evidence of its benefits, few mothers meet this goal. Infants who are exclusively breastfed in the early postpartum period are more likely to continue breastfeeding at 6 and 12 months, reinforcing the role that Baby-Friendly hospital practices play in supporting exclusive breastfeeding. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the rate of breastfeeding initiation and identify the factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding at discharge from hospital for rural mothers. METHODS The prospective cohort study recruited 489 women from hospitals in regional Western Australia following the birth of their infant. Breastfeeding exclusivity at discharge was assessed based on mothers' self-reported infant feeding behavior during her hospital stay. The self-administered baseline questionnaire was completed by 427 mothers. RESULTS Breastfeeding was initiated by 97.7% of the mothers in this cohort, with 82.7% exclusively breastfeeding at hospital discharge. The odds of exclusive breastfeeding at discharge were more than 4 times higher for women whose infants did not require admission to the special care nursery (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 4.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.98-9.99). Demand feeding (aOR = 3.33; 95% CI, 1.59-6.95) and 24-hour rooming-in (aOR = 2.31; 95% CI, 1.15-4.62) were also significant positive factors. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that hospital practices are strong predictors of exclusive breastfeeding. Greater emphasis on Baby-Friendly hospital practices in the early postpartum period may help the establishment of exclusive breastfeeding, assisting rural mothers to reach established international breastfeeding recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylee Cox
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Roslyn Giglia
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Yun Zhao
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Colin W Binns
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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St Fleur R, Petrova A. Knowledge and perception of breastfeeding practices in Hispanic mothers in association with their preferred language for communication. Breastfeed Med 2014; 9:261-5. [PMID: 24784835 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2013.0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Economically disadvantaged minority mothers with limited proficiency in English show suboptimal breastfeeding rates. In the present survey, the knowledge and perception of Hispanic mothers regarding their breastfeeding practices were analyzed in association with their language preference for communication. Among the mostly Hispanic-origin Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children-eligible mothers surveyed at our pediatric clinic, 109 were Spanish-respondent Hispanics (Group 1), 31 were English-respondent Hispanics (Group 2), and 56 were U.S.-born non-Hispanics (Group 3). Overall, 70-90% of mothers reported understanding the beneficial effect of breastmilk, thought breastfeeding was good to do, and had discussed breastfeeding with their obstetricians and pediatricians. Groups 1 and 2 mothers were more likely to have predecided to breastfeed their infant, to feel comfortable about breastfeeding at the doctor's office, and to have discussed with their mothers about how they had been fed. However, they were less likely to be able to identify who to approach for breastfeeding advice. A higher proportion of the Group 1 mothers admitted to inadequate breastfeeding knowledge, unfamiliarity with "latch on," and inability to identify who had educated them about breastfeeding. We conclude that in economically disadvantaged Hispanic mothers, a preference for communication in Spanish is associated with limited breastfeeding knowledge and lack of breastfeeding-related educational networks. Language preference should be addressed while providing breastfeeding education and support for Hispanic mothers to help improve their understanding and breastfeeding networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose St Fleur
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Jersey Shore University Medical Center , Neptune, New Jersey
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Hamade H, Chaaya M, Saliba M, Chaaban R, Osman H. Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding in an urban population of primiparas in Lebanon: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:702. [PMID: 23902627 PMCID: PMC3737045 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The proportion of mothers who exclusively breastfeed their babies up to 6 months remains low. Determinants of breastfeeding practices have been largely documented in high-income countries. Little evidence exists on possible predictors of breastfeeding behaviors in the Middle East. Our aim was to assess the prevalence of breastfeeding in Beirut and determine the factors that impact breastfeeding behavior in this population. Methods Data for this longitudinal study is nested within a randomized controlled trial (RCT) assessing the impact of a 24-hour hotline and postpartum support film on postpartum stress. Healthy first-time mothers delivering in the capital Beirut between March and July 2009, were interviewed at 1–3 days and 8–12 weeks post delivery. A multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding at 8–12 weeks postpartum. Results The overall breastfeeding rate at 8–12 weeks postpartum was 67%. The exclusive breastfeeding rate was 27.4%. Factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding included maternal work (OR=3.92; p-value<0.001), planned pregnancy (OR=2.42, p-value=0.010), intention to breastfeed (OR=3.28; p-value=0.043), source of maternal emotional support (OR = 1.87, p-value=0.039) and the use the postpartum support video, the hotline service or both (OR=2.55, p-value=0.044; OR=3.87, p-value=0.004 and OR=4.13, p-value=0.003). Conclusions The proportion of healthy first-time mothers who exclusively breastfeed in Beirut is extremely low. Factors associated with breastfeeding behavior are diverse. Future research and interventions should target different levels of the maternal-child pair’s ecosystem. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00857051
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Affiliation(s)
- Haya Hamade
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Campbell LA, Wan J, Speck PM, Hartig MT. Women, Infant and Children (WIC) peer counselor contact with first time breastfeeding mothers. Public Health Nurs 2013; 31:3-9. [PMID: 24387771 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to determine whether singleton women who had not previously breastfed and who had a women, infant and children (WIC) peer counselor were more likely to initiate breastfeeding than women not exposed to the WIC peer counselor. DESIGN AND SAMPLE The retrospective cross-sectional study used data from the 2009 Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) WIC Infant Feeding Practices Survey (IFPS) administered through 73 local WIC agencies. Of the 5,427 responses to the 2009 Texas DSHS WIC IFP Survey, 56.6% (N = 3,070) were included in this study. MEASURES The Texas DSHS WIC IFPS, a 55-item survey with multiple-choice and two open-ended questions, was used to evaluate breastfeeding beliefs, attitudes, and practices among women receiving WIC services. RESULTS Women who had peer counselor contact during pregnancy, in the hospital, and after delivery were more likely to initiate breastfeeding than women without such contacts, OR = 1.36, 2.06, 1.85, respectively. CONCLUSION Women's decision to initiate breastfeeding is significantly associated with WIC peer counselor contacts. Continued WIC peer counselor program services may increase breastfeeding initiation rates among WIC participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Campbell
- Texas Tech University Health Science Center School of Nursing, Lubbock, Texas
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Thu HN, Eriksson B, Khanh TT, Petzold M, Bondjers G, Kim CNT, Thanh LN, Ascher H. Breastfeeding practices in urban and rural Vietnam. BMC Public Health 2012; 12:964. [PMID: 23140543 PMCID: PMC3503814 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to describe and compare breastfeeding practices in rural and urban areas of Vietnam and to study associations with possibly influencing person and household factors. This type of study has not been conducted in Vietnam before. Methods Totally 2,690 children, born from 1st March 2008 to 30th June 2010 in one rural and one urban Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, were followed from birth to the age of 12 months. Information about demography, economy and education for persons and households was obtained from household surveys. Standard statistical methods including survival and regression analyses were used. Results Initiation of breastfeeding during the first hour of life was more frequent in the urban area compared to the rural (boys 40% vs. 35%, girls 49% vs. 40%). High birth weight and living in households with large number of assets significantly increased the probability for early initiation of breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding at three months of age was more commonly reported in the rural than in the urban area (boys 58% vs. 46%, girls 65% vs. 53%). The duration of exclusive breastfeeding as well as of any breastfeeding was longer in the rural area than in the urban area (medians for boys 97 days vs. 81 days, for girls 102 days vs. 91 days). The percentages of children with exclusive breastfeeding lasting at least 6 months, as recommended by WHO, were low in both areas. The duration of exclusive breastfeeding was significantly shorter for mothers with three or more antenatal care visits or Caesarean section in both areas. High education level of mothers was associated with longer duration of exclusive breastfeeding in the rural area. No significant associations were found between duration of exclusive breastfeeding and mother’s age, household economy indicators or household size. Conclusion Intervention programs with the aim to promote breastfeeding are needed. Mothers should particularly be informed about the importance of starting breastfeeding early and to prolong exclusive breastfeeding. In order to reach the WHO recommendation of six months exclusive breastfeeding, we propose an extended maternity leave legislation to at least six months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Nguyen Thu
- Research Institute for Child Health, National Hospital of Pediatrics, 18/879 La Thanh road, Dong Da district, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Habibi MF, Nicklas J, Spence M, Hedberg S, Magnuson E, Kavanagh KF. Remote lactation consultation: a qualitative study of maternal response to experience and recommendations for survey development. J Hum Lact 2012; 28:211-7. [PMID: 22344851 DOI: 10.1177/0890334411432716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Use of videoconferencing technology for healthcare intervention and support is an area of tremendous potential, especially in regard to application in rural or underserved communities. Potential for cost-savings, time-savings, and increased access to care are the ultimate driving force behind use of this technology, for both providers and recipients of healthcare services. Recently, the Federal Government has initiated rulings to support the increased use of computer technology in underserved areas. Therefore, exploring novel applications of the technology of videoconferencing is timely. Remote lactation consultation may be one such novel application. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this pilot study was to describe the maternal experience of lactation consultation by means of videoconferencing, compared with standard face-to-face care, using grounded theory for model development. METHODS Twelve mothers participated in both a videoconferencing and a face-to-face consultation during one visit to the study site. Using grounded theory methods, responses to an in-depth phone interview occurring 3 days post-consultation were analyzed for major themes and a theoretical model proposed. RESULTS Three major themes emerged including maternal characteristics and interaction with technology, accuracy and trust determines acceptability for consultation type and, conditional acceptance of remote consultation use. CONCLUSIONS Emergent themes were grounded in existing literature, and potential scales were identified to assist with development of a future tool to test the theoretical model. Responses to the videoconferencing experience were positive, but preferred use of the technology was situational.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona F Habibi
- The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1920, USA
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Lynch S, Bethel J, Chowdhury N, Moore JB. Rural and urban breastfeeding initiation trends in low-income women in North Carolina from 2003 to 2007. J Hum Lact 2012; 28:226-32. [PMID: 22275048 DOI: 10.1177/0890334411430086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Breastfeeding has extensive health benefits for both infants and mothers. Despite these benefits, a significant number of women, disproportionately low-income women, do not initiate breastfeeding. Previous research has also demonstrated that breastfeeding prevalence varies by urbanicity level. The objective was to examine race/ethnicity and urbanicity trends in breastfeeding initiation among low-income women in North Carolina from 2003 to 2007. Breastfeeding initiation data from the North Carolina Pregnancy Nutrition Surveillance System were utilized, with responses from 240,054 women over the 5-year period. Overall, 65.4% of women in mixed-urban counties and 62.1% of women in urban counties initiated breastfeeding compared to only 49.8% of women in rural counties. The disparity between rural and urban counties widened over time, with urban and mixed-urban counties making significantly greater gains in breastfeeding initiation than rural counties. Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women had 6.17 (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.99-6.36) and 1.4 (95% CI, 1.46-1.53) times the odds of initiating breastfeeding as non-Hispanic blacks, respectively. Finally, stratified multivariate regression models identified that the association between race/ethnicity and breastfeeding varied by urbanicity level. The current study provides a clearer picture of rural and urban breastfeeding trends within North Carolina and has implications for states with similar racial/ethnic and urbanicity levels. The research determined that women in rural areas, particularly non-Hispanic blacks, are less likely to initiate breastfeeding. Increased emphasis should be placed on developing breastfeeding interventions for rural communities, particularly targeting the non-Hispanic black population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Lynch
- Department of Public Health, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal maternal intent to breastfeed can indicate postnatal breastfeeding practices and may serve to indicate potential barriers to breastfeeding. Breastfeeding rates in West Virginia, a primarily rural state, are among the lowest in the United States, and minimal research has been published to date on population-based prenatal intent to breastfeed among rural women. METHODS Secondary data analysis of population-based data was conducted using two state-linked datasets. State data included all live singleton births from at least 20 weeks of gestation in West Virginia from 2004 to 2006, for a total of 52,899 births. RESULTS Results from the logistic regression model for the population-based study indicate that variables predicting intent to breastfeed among pregnant women in West Virginia include insurance status, maternal education, maternal age, parity, marital status, timing of prenatal care initiation, and prenatal smoking status. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal identification of characteristics associated with lack of intent to breastfeed can serve to inform healthcare providers of women who are at risk for not breastfeeding for directed breastfeeding promotion and intervention, complementing education of healthy lifestyle choices such as breastfeeding promotion with smoking cessation.
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Sparks PJ. Racial/ethnic differences in breastfeeding duration among WIC-eligible families. Womens Health Issues 2011; 21:374-82. [PMID: 21565528 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2011.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Revised: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This research documented racial/ethnic differences in breastfeeding duration among mothers from seven diverse racial/ethnic groups in rural and urban areas of the United States that initiated breastfeeding among income and categorically eligible WIC participants. METHODS Using data from the Longitudinal 9-Month-Preschool Restricted-Use data file of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort, this research first assessed racial/ethnic differences in breastfeeding initiation and duration, maternal and child health characteristics, social service usage, and sociodemographic characteristics. Next, breastfeeding survivorship and Cox proportional hazards models were estimated to assess potential racial/ethnic disparities in breastfeeding duration once these control variables were accounted for in multiple variable models. FINDINGS Breastfeeding initiation rates and breastfeeding durations of 6 months were lower among WIC-eligible mothers compared with all mothers. WIC-eligible, foreign-born Mexican-Origin Hispanic (FBMOH) mothers were most likely to breastfeed for 6 months. Breastfeeding duration rates dropped quickly after 4 months of duration among WIC-eligible mothers that initiated. Two crossover patterns in breastfeeding durations were noted among 1) FBMOH and non-Hispanic Black mothers and 2) Asian and Native American mothers. A FBMOH breastfeeding duration advantage was noted compared with non-Hispanic White mothers once all control variables were included in the Cox proportional hazard models. No other racial/ethnic disparities in breastfeeding duration were noted. CONCLUSION More attention to educational programs and broad forms of support as part of WIC are needed to help reach the breastfeeding duration goals of Healthy People 2010 and continued support of the Loving Support Peer Counseling Program may serve as an ideal policy for local WIC offices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Johnelle Sparks
- Department of Demography and Organization Studies, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78207, USA.
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Heinig MJ. Using data to drive and shape change. J Hum Lact 2010; 26:359-61. [PMID: 21047986 DOI: 10.1177/0890334410387574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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