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Öz T, Demirel ÖB, Yıldız H. The Effect of Home-Based Telehealth and Postpartum Care Given According to Watson's Theory of Human Caring on the Improvement in the Emotional State of the Mother During the Pandemic Process: A Case Report. Telemed J E Health 2024; 30:885-894. [PMID: 37722028 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2023.0294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this case report was to evaluate the effect of telehealth and postpartum care provided to a mother with maternal depression according to Watson's Theory of Human Caring during the pandemic on the improvement in the mother's emotional state and to evaluate the applicability of the model. Methods: Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was administered to eight women who responded to the announcement made on social media, and verbal and written permission was obtained from the mother with the highest scale score. A total of six video calls were made with the mother via WhatsApp, twice a week in the first week after postnatal discharge and once a week in the next 4 weeks, in accordance with the form drawn up according to Watson's Theory of Human Caring. Results: In this study, it was observed that home-based telehealth and postpartum care provided using Watson's Theory of Human Caring, which includes a holistic approach, was very useful, and the care provided according to the model provided a positive improvement in the emotional state of the mother with depression. Conclusions: It was concluded that telehealth and postpartum care is useful in home-based care in extraordinary situations/quarantine conditions such as pandemic; care can also be provided in the form of telehealth service according to Watson's Theory of Human Caring to mothers with depression; and care provides positive improvement in the emotional state of mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Öz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem Bakan Demirel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hatice Yıldız
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Chen L, Zhang J, Zhu Y, Shan J, Zeng L. Exploration and practice of humanistic education for medical students based on volunteerism. MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE 2023; 28:2182691. [PMID: 36840966 PMCID: PMC9970200 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2023.2182691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Humanistic education aims to promote educated people's practical and conscious activities to enhance their humanity, cultivate ideal personalities, and realize personal and social values, to develop a humanistic spirit. The advancement of higher education in China has led to the proposal to strengthen scientific and humanistic education integration. Medicine is between science and humanities, shouldering the important task of training senior medical personnel, the quality of medical students will affect the quality of future medical and health work; thus, medical students must explore and practice humanistic education. Promoting and practicing volunteerism is a specific act of constructing spiritual civilization in the whole society, and it is also considered beneficial for improving citizens' sense of responsibility and dedication. Medical students' practice of volunteerism and help in society is a precise manifestation of humanistic care. This review summarizes medical students' exploration and practice of humanistic education in volunteering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Chen
- Department of Science and Education, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yingjun Zhu
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jie Shan
- Department of Science and Education, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Luxian Zeng
- Unions of Trade, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Currie J, McWilliams L, Venkataraman V, Paisi M, Shawe J, Thornton A, Larkin M, Taylor J, Middleton S. Nurses’ perceptions on the skills, knowledge, and attributes required to provide healthcare to people experiencing homelessness in Australia: A qualitative study. Collegian 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colegn.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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Mulvaney-Roth P, Jackson C, Bert L, Eriksen S, Ryan M. Using Pet Therapy to Decrease Patients' Anxiety on Two Diverse Inpatient Units. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2023; 29:112-121. [PMID: 35130738 DOI: 10.1177/1078390321999719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The physical benefits for patients who spend time with a therapy dog have been reported, including decreased anxiety. Pet therapy has decreased anxiety in various hospitalized patient populations. The human-animal bond is the foundation for the positive interaction therapy dogs create. AIMS This study's purpose was to explore the use of pet therapy as an intervention to decrease patients' anxiety levels on two diverse inpatient units: Behavioral Health (BHU) and Pediatrics (PEDS). METHODS This was a quantitative study using a convenience sample, with systematic assignment to the experimental and control group. The State Anxiety Scale (SAS), a 6-item, Likert-type Short Form version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, was used with adults and children; a Pediatric Emoji Method was constructed to assist children with the SAS. After consent, both groups completed the SAS pretest. Intervention patients then spent up to 15 minutes with a therapy dog and handler. The SAS posttest was completed 1 hour later by the experimental and control group. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used, including an independent samples t test, paired-sample t test, Wilcoxon signed rank tests, and Spearman correlation coefficients. RESULTS Findings revealed that the therapy dog visitations had a positive effect on lowering anxiety supporting the hypothesis. Both the PEDS and BHU participants experienced a significant decrease in their anxiety level following the dog visits. CONCLUSION Patients on the BHU and PEDS units benefitted from their visit with a therapy dog by experiencing a decrease in their anxiety level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Mulvaney-Roth
- Patricia Mulvaney-Roth, MSN, RN, PMHCNS-BC, ACNS, Molloy College, Rockville Centre, NY, USA; Mount Sinai South Nassau, Oceanside, NY, USA
| | - Carla Jackson
- Carla Jackson, MA, BSN, RN-BC, Mount Sinai South Nassau, Oceanside, NY, USA
| | - Lynn Bert
- Lynn Bert, MS, NE-BC, AE-C, FNP-BC, Mount Sinai South Nassau, Oceanside, NY, USA
| | - Sharon Eriksen
- Sharon Eriksen, RN, CPN, CBC, AE-C, Mount Sinai South Nassau, Oceanside, NY, USA
| | - Marybeth Ryan
- Marybeth Ryan, PhD, RN, ANP, Mount Sinai South Nassau, Oceanside, NY, USA
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Ghanbari-Afra L, Adib-Hajbaghery M, Dianati M. Human Caring: A Concept Analysis. J Caring Sci 2022; 11:246-254. [DOI: 10.34172/jcs.2022.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Human caring combines science, art, and humanity. Humanity is the heart of care and interpersonal interactions. Despite the critical emphasis on human caring and concern for nursing care without humanity, there is no clear definition for human caring in nursing. This study aimed to analyze the concept of human caring. Methods: Walker and Avant’s strategy for concept analysis was used. Electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Google Scholar, Magiran, Iran Doc, SID, and a number of dictionaries were searched without any limitation in date. Search keywords were "care", "caring", "human caring", "humanization", "patient care", "comprehensive care" and "nursing care". We searched all documents published before September 2020. In the initial search, 1637 articles were found but finally, 39 relevant articles remained in the study. Results: The nine defining attributes of human caring were establishing therapeutic communication, presence at the patient bedside, empathy, providing scientific care, subjectivity, dynamicity, respecting the patient’s rights and ethics of care, helping the patient achieve a feeling of well-being, and art and creativity. Antecedents of human caring were categorized into three categories namely, human, personal, and organizational factors. The consequences were also categorized into consequences related to nurse, profession, patient, and organization. Conclusion: A theoretical definition and a conceptual model of human caring were developed. This concept should be included in the nursing curricula at all undergraduate and graduate levels and even in nurses’ in-service training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Ghanbari-Afra
- Trauma Nursing Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Mansour Dianati
- Trauma Nursing Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Gunawan J, Aungsuroch Y, Watson J, Marzilli C. Nursing Administration: Watson's Theory of Human Caring. Nurs Sci Q 2022; 35:235-243. [PMID: 35392719 DOI: 10.1177/08943184211070582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Watson's human caring theory is widely used in nursing clinical practice, education, and research; however, further discussion on the application of this theory in administration is needed. The authors in this article aim to substruct Watson's theory of human caring for nursing administration. Major elements of the theory-transpersonal caring dimensions, caring competencies, and caring moments-are presented in a model of substruction that links the theoretical basis to methodology. In conclusion, this theory can be used as a framework or a conceptual model in nursing administration within an organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joko Gunawan
- Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Jean Watson
- Distinguished Professor/Dean Emerita, University of Colorado Denver, CO, USA
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Al-Fayyadh S, Diener E, Wright V. Spirituality as a core concept in the theoretical literature of nursing: A comparative overview between Watson & Lovering's perspectives. Nurs Forum 2022; 57:717-723. [PMID: 35338495 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nurse theorists have addressed the primacy of the phenomenon of caring, aiming at providing a framework that captures the complex nature of caring. Several theorists emphasized the mechanical facet of care while others emphasized the holistic aspect of care. Spirituality as a central concept in caring theories was targeted in this manuscript; as it a fundamental aspect of holistic care. Watson's Human Caring Science Theory and Lovering's Crescent of Care Nursing Model represent two distinctive approaches to caring in the dimension of spirituality. A compare/contrast approach is used to depict the similarities and differences between both works, focusing on spirituality as a common concept. The outcome of the comparison showed that spirituality is a multidimensional metaphysical concept that both theorists had identified as an indispensable core aspect of holistic nursing and is context-bound in terms of its dimensions, applications, and meaningfulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadeq Al-Fayyadh
- College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.,Adult Nursing Department, School of Nursing, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Vanessa Wright
- College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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"Human as an Embodied Spirit": A Proposed Conceptual Model for Nursing Based on Iranian Mysticism and Wisdom. ANS Adv Nurs Sci 2022; 45:22-37. [PMID: 35099412 DOI: 10.1097/ans.0000000000000381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Most nursing models are developed based on Western philosophy. The conceptual model of "human as an embodied spirit" based on Iranian mysticism and wisdom is presented in this article. This conceptual model was developed in 2 phases: first, using a derivation process, the concepts of the model were developed. Next, in a synthesis process, the conceptual model was constructed. Definitions and descriptions of each of the concepts of the model-the constitution of the physical body, the composition of graded soul, knowledge-based interventions, love-based interventions, balance, and harmony-and the relations between these concepts are presented in the article. This model gives equal value to the art and the science of nursing and integrates all dimensions of human being and related health problems in such a way that they can be explained and approached as a continuum. The next step is the testing of this model followed by the development of guidelines for education and practice.
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Ünal Aslan KS, Çetinkaya F. The effects of therapeutic touch on spiritual care and sleep quality in patients receiving palliative care. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:374-382. [PMID: 33861467 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to investigate the effect of therapeutic touch (TT) on spiritual care and sleep quality in patients receiving palliative care. DESIGN AND METHODS The research was conducted on 73 inpatients receiving palliative care in a training and research hospital. Data were collected with Socio-Demographic Status Questionnaire, Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale (SSCRS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). FINDINGS As a result of this study, a statistically significant difference was found between the intervention and control group SSCRS (Z = -7.356 p = 0.000) and PSQI (Z = -7.292 p = 0.000) in post-test data after 4 weeks of TT application. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The results revealed that TT application has a positive impact on spiritual care and sleep quality of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevser S Ünal Aslan
- Fundamentals of Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Turkey
| | - Funda Çetinkaya
- Department of Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
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Reliability and validity evaluation of the chinese version of the ethical sensitivity questionnaire for nursing students. BMC Nurs 2021; 20:244. [PMID: 34872552 PMCID: PMC8647363 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-021-00768-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in technology and the expansion of nursing roles have led to complex ethical issues in nursing. Nursing students are the future clinical nursing workers and practitioners. The ethical sensitivity of nursing students is very important to the professional development of nursing students, which can strengthen the ethical cognition of nursing students, improve the ethical decision-making ability of nursing students, and is beneficial to the development of nursing students in the process of clinical practice and nursing education. However, there are no instruments to evaluate the ethical sensitivity of nursing students in China. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Ethical Sensitivity Questionnaire for Nursing Students (ESQ-NS). METHODS After obtaining the authorization of the author of the original scale, the study used the Brislin back-translation method for translation. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed to examine the underlying factor structure of the translated questionnaire. The Cronbach alpha coefficient, the test-retest reliability, and the corrected item-total correlation were calculated to verify the internal consistency of the scale. RESULTS The Chinese version of ESQ-NS retained 13 items. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) extracts four common factors, and the cumulative variance contribution rate is 62.479%. The CFA reached the adaptive standard, and the discriminant validity of the scale was good. The Cronbach alpha coefficient of this scale was 0.821, and 4 dimensions were between 0.708 and 0.738. The results of the test-retest showed that Pearson's correlation coefficient of the overall ESQ-NS was 0.814. Corrected item-total correlation ranged from 0.337 to 0.542. CONCLUSIONS The Chinese version of the ESQ-NS has good reliability and validity, which can be used to evaluate the level of ethical sensitivity of nursing students in China.
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Atashzadeh‐Shoorideh F, Monjazabi F, Fathollahzadeh E, Parastoo O. The obstacles to nurses being present with patients. Nurs Open 2021; 8:1115-1124. [PMID: 34482655 PMCID: PMC8046123 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present research was to investigate the obstacles, which prevent nurses being present with patients. BACKGROUND It is vital for nurses to be able to spend time with patients for an accurate assessment of patients' needs to take place and to allow patients to express their concerns. The factors, which prevent nurses spending time with patients, are still unclear. METHOD Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with thirty-five participants, including the nurses and physicians from educational hospitals of Tehran. The analysis was performed through the conventional content analysis. To achieve accuracy and trustworthiness of the data, the Lincoln and Guba criteria were used. RESULT The results of the study can be summarized as: "conflict between human considerations and bureaucratic structure," "failure to meet basic needs," "the personal and interpersonal aspects of caring" and "safety in caring context." CONCLUSION To ensure high-quality care, it is important to understand more fully the factors that prevent nurses spending time with patients. Interventions are needed to allow nurses to spend more time with the patients. IMPLICATION FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Health service managers should consider that the intrinsic motivation of nurses is to care for patients. They can increase the presence of nurses at patients' bedside and improve care quality by creating an attractive working environment, appreciating nurses' values, paying attention to their opinions and establishing professional communication based on mutual respect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foroozan Atashzadeh‐Shoorideh
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and ManagementSchool of Nursing & MidwiferyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Fatemeh Monjazabi
- Department of Medical‐Surgical NursingSchool of Nursing & MidwiferyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Oujian Parastoo
- Department of Pediatric NursingSchool of Nursing & MidwiferyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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INVESTIGATION OF ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORS OF NURSES TOWARDS CARING NURSE-PATIENT INTERACTION IN TURKEY. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH AND POLICY 2021. [DOI: 10.33457/ijhsrp.777568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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DE Gagne JC, Koppel PD, Kim SS, Park HK, Rushton S. Pedagogical foundations of cybercivility in health professions education: a scoping review. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2021; 21:79. [PMID: 33516204 PMCID: PMC7847571 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-021-02507-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teaching cybercivility requires thoughtful attention to curriculum development and content delivery. Theories, models, and conceptual and theoretical frameworks (hereafter "tools") provide useful foundations for integrating new knowledge and skills into existing professional practice and education. We conducted this scoping review to identify tools used for teaching cybercivility in health professions education. METHODS Using Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework, we searched six biomedical and educational databases and three grey literature databases for articles available in English published between January 1, 2000 and March 31, 2020. Following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews), we screened and extracted relevant data, and reported the results of the search. RESULTS The search resulted in 2272 articles, with 8 articles included in this review after inclusion criteria were applied. Four articles (50%) were peer-reviewed journal papers while the other 4 (50%) were dissertations. Eleven unique tools were identified by this review: (1) Transpersonal Caring Theory, (2) Theory of Workplace Incivility, (3) Conceptualization of Incivility, (4) Media Ecology Theory, (5) Principlism, (6) Salmon's Five Stage Model of Online Learning, (7) Learner-Centered Educational Theory, (8) Gallant and Drinan's 4-Stage Model of Institutionalization of Academic Integrity, (9) Theory of Planned Behavior, (10) Communication Privacy Management Theory, and (11) Moral Development Theory. Based on the tools analyzed in our scoping review, we determined three features of cybercivility pedagogy to which the tools provided a guide: (1) behavioral manifestations, (2) academic integrity, and (3) digital professionalism. CONCLUSIONS The reviewed tools provide a pedagogical foundation and guidance for teaching various properties of cybercivility. Future studies should be expanded to include a broader literature body and non-English literature to provide the global perspective and global skills needed by a diverse population of learners.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sang Suk Kim
- Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeyoung K Park
- College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, USA
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Fernandes MA, Nóbrega MMLD, Zaccara AAL, Freire MEM, Andrade FFD, Costa SFGD. FAWCETT ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION MODEL APPLIED TO THE THEORY OF CHRONIC SORROW. TEXTO & CONTEXTO ENFERMAGEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2020-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the Theory of Chronic Sorrow, following the model of analysis and evaluation of Nursing theories proposed by Jacqueline Fawcett. Method: a reflective study, developed through the investigation of the Theory of Chronic Sorrow and its application in the nursing practice. The sample consisted of eighteen studies that used the theory as a reference. A Model for Analysis and Evaluation of Nursing Theories was used, which involved, in the first stage, a detailed examination of the referred theory in terms of scope, context and content. In the second stage - evaluation - the criteria of clarity, significance, internal consistency, parsimony, testability, empirical adequacy and pragmatic adequacy were used. Result: This is a mid-range theory that is predictive in relation to the scope. As for the context, it is based on the stress and adaptation model. The content presents well-defined and interrelated concepts. The concepts of meta-paradigm have significance, internal consistency and are operable. It features a usable instrument: The Chronic Sorrow Questionnaire, reliable as a tracking tool to detect the presence of chronic sorrow. The theory is parsimonious, it can be used with chronic diseases and directed to people in the final phase of life and their family caregivers. Conclusion: this study may contribute to indicate the use of the Theory of Chronic Sorrow and support nursing care in promoting effective strategies and, consequently, improve the comfort of patients and their families in coping with chronic sorrow.
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Ferri P, Stifani S, Morotti E, Nuvoletta M, Bonetti L, Rovesti S, Cutino A, Di Lorenzo R. Perceptions of Caring Behavior Among Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Three-Cohort Observational Study. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2020; 13:1311-1322. [PMID: 33380848 PMCID: PMC7769154 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s279063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Increase in the knowledge of "caring science" among nurses plays a key role in ensuring a correct caring behavior towards patients. Caring training for students is a priority in nursing education, but unfortunately there are limited and conflicting studies which explore this outcome. The purpose of this observational study was to explore the perceptions of caring behaviors by nursing students during their clinical practice training in order to highlight if the level of caring behaviors changes as the nursing course progresses. Materials and Methods The Caring Behaviors Inventory-24 (CBI-24) was administered to 331 students, enrolled in the three years of an Italian Nursing Course, who accepted to participate in the study (89.2% response rate). The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 26.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Results The total mean score of CBI-24 was 4.82 in the first, 5.12 in the second and 5.26 in the third-year students. The CBI-24 dimensions "Responding to individual needs" and "Being with" obtained the highest scores among the students of the first year. At the end of the first year, our students were already able to perform expressive caring, whereas instrumental caring developed at a high level in the second and third years. We did not highlight any statistically significant difference between the two gender CBI-24 item scores. Conclusion In light of our results, we put in evidence that Nursing Degree Programme favours the development in students of both relational and technical components of caring behaviors. We hope that in future students' self-assessment of caring behaviors could be considered an educational outcome for Nursing Programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Ferri
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Serena Stifani
- School of Nursing, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41124, Italy
| | - Elena Morotti
- School of Nursing, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41124, Italy
| | | | - Loris Bonetti
- Nursing Research and Development Unit, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland
| | - Sergio Rovesti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Anna Cutino
- Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41124, Italy
| | - Rosaria Di Lorenzo
- Psychiatric Intensive Treatment Facility, Mental Health and Drug Abuse Department of AUSL-Modena, Modena 41122, Italy
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Vujanić J, Prlić N, Lovrić R. Nurses' Self-Assessment of Caring Behaviors in Nurse-Patient Interactions: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17145255. [PMID: 32708178 PMCID: PMC7400290 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nurse-patient interactions based on caring behaviors ensure better working conditions and better-quality healthcare. The aim of this quantitative study is to examine how nurses self-assess the frequency of applying caring behaviors in nurse-patient interactions and to identify the differences in the application frequency of caring behaviors in relation to work experience and education level. The respondents were Bachelor of Science (BSc) nurses and nurses with basic training (VET) employed in different clinical departments of the Clinical Hospital Center in Croatia. The survey used the "Caring Nurse-Patient Interactions Scale (Nurse Version)". The respondents assessed the caring behaviors from the subscale "needs" as the most frequently applied (median (Me): 4.7; interquartile range (IQR): 4.4-4.9), while the least frequently applied were the procedures from the subscale "sensitivity" (Me: 3.8; IQR: 3.2-4.3). The VET nurses reported applying caring behaviors to the subscales "hope" (p < 0.001), "problem-solving" (p = 0.003), and "environment" (p = 0.021) more frequently than BSc nurses did. Compared with less experienced respondents, the respondents with more than 30 years of work experience applied the caring behaviors on the subscales "sensitivity" (p = 0.009), "expression of emotions" (p = 0.001), "problem-solving" (p = 0.008), and especially "humanism" and "spirituality" (p < 0.001) more frequently. The results indicate that respondents are more focused on applying skills or carrying out a task than on caring behaviors which is about demonstrating compassion, loving kindness, and relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasenka Vujanić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.P.); (R.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-91-596-3689
| | - Nada Prlić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.P.); (R.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Robert Lovrić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; (N.P.); (R.L.)
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Cilar L, Spevan M, Čuček Trifkovič K, Štiglic G. What motivates students to enter nursing? Findings from a cross-sectional study. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2020; 90:104463. [PMID: 32408243 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is expected that future nurses have high levels of emotional intelligence and empathy, because of their everyday interaction with people in a clinical environment. Thus, nursing students must show interest in nursing studies and in work with people. Moreover, it is desired that they have good communication skills. On the other hand, students who choose nursing as their future career may have high expectations from nursing education. The aim of this study was to explore nursing students' reasons for pursuing nursing studies. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate nursing students in Slovenia and Croatia. RESULTS A total of 314 students participated in the study. General satisfaction with their studies is higher among those students who are satisfied with their chosen study programme. The most important reasons to enter nursing studies were interest in the subject and good employment possibilities. As the biggest disadvantage of studying nursing, Slovenian students listed crowded schedules, while Croatian students mentioned faculty organization. Students from both countries agreed that the biggest advantage is the ease of finding a job after graduation. DISCUSSION As there is a lack of workforce in the healthcare sector, particularly a lack of nurses, universities must adjust their demands and improve study conditions to gain students' attention. Therefore, it is important to notice that nursing students perceive more advantages of studying nursing than disadvantages. CONCLUSION There are many different reasons to enter nursing studies. Students perceive many advantages in studying nursing, such as ease of employment, getting many hours of clinical practice and the possibility for promotion. On the other hand, there are some challenges in studying nursing, such as the schedule and organization of lectures, seminars and clinical placement. There is a need for further research in the field of nursing student's motivation, especially due to their decreasing motivation during the studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leona Cilar
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Marija Spevan
- University of Rijeka, Faculty of Health Studies, Ulica Viktora cara Emina 5, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | | | - Gregor Štiglic
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Koroška cesta 46, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
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Pajnkihar M, Kocbek P, Musović K, Tao Y, Kasimovskaya N, Štiglic G, Watson R, Vrbnjak D. An international cross-cultural study of nursing students' perceptions of caring. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2020; 84:104214. [PMID: 31715474 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2019.104214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single studies suggest that nursing students perceive caring as more an instrumental than expressive behaviour and indicate some differences between caring perceptions in junior and senior nursing students. However, there are limited studies investigating caring perceptions in nursing students across multiple cultures. OBJECTIVE To determine perceptions of caring in Slovene, Croatian, Chinese and Russian nursing students and explore whether there are statistically significant differences in perceptions of caring between countries and between first and third-year nursing students. DESIGN A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS The study included 604 nursing students enrolled in first and third year in seven different nursing faculties in four countries: Slovenia; China; Croatia; and the Russian Federation. METHODS The 25-item Caring Dimension Inventory (CDI-25) was used to measure caring perceptions. We also included demographic questions regarding age, gender, country, year of study and type of study. Demographic data were analysed using descriptive analysis while a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) adjusted for unequal sample sizes was performed together with a post hoc analysis of the results. RESULTS The results of two-way ANOVA showed that both main effects (country and year of study) were statistically significant, as well as their interaction at the 0.05 significance level. The main effect for country was F(3, 596) = 3.591, p < 0.0136 indicating a significant difference in CDI-25 between Slovenia (M = 108.9, SD = 9.2), Russian Federation (M = 107.1, SD = 8.2), China (M = 102.8, SD = 9.7) and Croatia (M = 110.0, SD = 8.6). CONCLUSIONS Perceptions of caring in nursing students differ across countries, probably due to different educational systems, curricula, cultural differences and societal values. Implementing caring theories in nursing curricula could help students to cultivate caring during their education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majda Pajnkihar
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Primož Kocbek
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Kasandra Musović
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Yuexian Tao
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, No.16 Xuelin Street, Hangzhou 310036, China.
| | - Natalia Kasimovskaya
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 2-8 Trubetskaya st., Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Gregor Štiglic
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Koroška cesta 46, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Roger Watson
- University of Hull, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Health and Social Work, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom.
| | - Dominika Vrbnjak
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Žitna ulica 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
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López-Entrambasaguas OM, Calero-García MJ, Díaz-Meco-Niño AM, Martínez-Linares JM. Quality Assurance in Nursing Education: A Qualitative Study Involving Students and Newly Graduated Nurses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 17:ijerph17010240. [PMID: 31905756 PMCID: PMC6981800 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background: Assuring quality training for future nursing professionals is essential to preserving population health and socio-economic development. Quality assurance in the European Higher Education Area places students in a leading role to transform and improve higher education programs. Therefore, an innovative way of reviewing strengths and weaknesses of the nursing education program of a Spanish university has been developed. Objectives: The aim of this paper was to explore the perceptions and opinions of nursing students and newly-qualified nurses regarding the contents of the nursing curriculum in order to improve its quality. Methods: Descriptive and exploratory qualitative research was carried out involving 12 newly-qualified nurses and 12 student nurses. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were performed. Results: Based on the thematic analysis, two themes emerged: improving clinical practices and reviewing the theoretical curriculum. Conclusions: Among the improvements suggested by the participants, the most relevant ones were establishing a clear structure of learning contents in the practicum, and redistributing the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System ECTS credits in various courses of the study program. However, additional evidence is needed prior to proceeding with any changes.
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Aviles Gonzalez CI, Galletta M, Melis P, Contu P, Watson J, Finco G, Jimenez Herrera MF. Cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Caring Efficacy scale in a sample of Italian nurses. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217106. [PMID: 31120938 PMCID: PMC6532878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Caring is the essence of nursing practice. Caring Efficacy scale was developed with the purpose of measuring nurses' perceived self-efficacy in orienting and maintaining caring relationships with patients. Since any instruments measuring caring self-efficacy have not been developed in Italy, the study aimed at culturally adapting and validating Caring Efficacy scale in a sample of Italian nurses. A total of 300 registered nurses were asked to fill a self-reported questionnaire; translation-back-translation procedure was carried out to maintain semantic, idiomatic and conceptual equivalence of the original scale. Then, factor analysis was performed in order to test appropriateness of the factor structure. Convergent and discriminant validity was also tested. A two-factor structure with 17 items was found. Results show that Cronbach's Alpha value was 0.84 for Confidence to Care, and 0.75 for Doubts and Concerns. Correlation analysis for convergent and discriminant validity showed that Confidence to Care was positively correlated with sense of coherence and no significant correlation with Doubts and Concerns was found. Caring efficacy scale can be used by nurse managers as a way of assessing nurses' self-efficacy and their caring orientation, thus improving quality of patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maura Galletta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Paola Melis
- Pain Therapy Service, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paolo Contu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Jean Watson
- Watson Caring Science Institute, Boulder, CO, United States of America
| | - Gabriele Finco
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, Italy
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Pajnkihar M, Vrbnjak D, Kasimovskaya N, Watson R, Stiglic G. Perceptions of Caring Between Slovene and Russian Members of Nursing Teams. J Transcult Nurs 2018; 30:195-204. [PMID: 29998789 DOI: 10.1177/1043659618788136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To measure the perceptions of caring between Slovene and Russian members of nursing teams and compare the results with earlier findings in other European Union countries. METHOD A cross-sectional study that included nurses and nursing assistants in Slovenia ( n = 294) and Russia ( n = 531). Data were collected using the 25-item Caring Dimensions Inventory. RESULTS The most endorsed item for Slovene and Russian members of nursing teams was an item related to medication administration. All items that were endorsed by Russian participants were also endorsed by Slovenian participants; however, they ascribed a different level of importance to individual aspects of caring. DISCUSSION Compared with other European Union countries, such as the United Kingdom and Spain, Slovenian and Russian members of nursing teams endorsed more technical aspects of nursing duties as caring, suggesting cultural differences and previous influences of the biomedical model on nursing education and practice.
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