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Yaykasli KO, van Schie KA, Toes REM, Wuhrer M, Koeleman CAM, Bila G, Negrych N, Schett G, Knopf J, Herrmann M, Bilyy R. Neutrophil Depletion Changes the N-Glycosylation Pattern of IgG in Experimental Murine Sepsis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6478. [PMID: 38928183 PMCID: PMC11203722 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition with a rising disease burden worldwide. It is a multifactorial disease and is defined as a dysregulated host response to infection. Neutrophils have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis by exacerbating inflammation. However, the exact effector mechanism of action still remains a mystery. Changes in the glycosylation pattern of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc region are described for several diseases including meningococcal sepsis. In this study, we investigated the possible contribution of neutrophils and neutrophil implication, potentially related to degranulation or neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in changing the IgG Fc N-glycosylation pattern in a murine sepsis model. We have measured the serum level of cytokines/chemokines and immunoglobulins, the serum activity of neutrophil elastase (NE), and analyzed the IgG Fc glycosylation pattern by Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) and Lectin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We observed an increased activity of NE- and neutrophil-associated cytokines such as keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC) with the development of sepsis. Regarding the IgG Fc N-glycosylation, we observed an increase in fucosylation and α1,3-galactosylation and a decrease for sialyation. Interestingly, these changes were not uniform for all IgG subclasses. After depletion of neutrophils, we saw a change in the exposure of fucose and α2,6-linked sialic acid during the time course of our experimental sepsis model. In conclusion, neutrophils can influence changes in the IgG glycosylation pattern in experimental sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kursat O. Yaykasli
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.O.Y.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karin A. van Schie
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - René E. M. Toes
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carolien A. M. Koeleman
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Galyna Bila
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine (R.B.)
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology ‘Nicolae Simionescu’, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nazar Negrych
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine (R.B.)
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.O.Y.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Knopf
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.O.Y.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (K.O.Y.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rostyslav Bilyy
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine (R.B.)
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology ‘Nicolae Simionescu’, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
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Tang J, Lu H, Xie Z, Jia X, Su T, Lin B. Identification of potential biomarkers for sepsis based on neutrophil extracellular trap-related genes. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 110:116380. [PMID: 38852219 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is a highly lethal disease that poses a serious threat to human health. Increasing evidence indicates that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are key factors in the pathological progression of sepsis. This study aims to screen potential biomarkers for sepsis and delve into their regulatory function in the pathogenesis. We downloaded 6 microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, with 4 as the training sets and 2 as the validation sets. NETs-related genes (NRGs) were obtained from relevant literature. Differential expression analysis was performed on four training sets separately. We intersected differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the four training sets and NRGs, finally resulting in 19 NETs-related sepsis genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) unearthed that NETs-related sepsis genes were majorly abundant in functions and pathways such as defense response to bacterium and Neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Using the PPI network, the MCC algorithm, and the MCODE algorithm in the CytoHubba plugin, 7 sepsis hub genes (ELANE, TLR4, MPO, PADI4, CTSG, MMP9, S100A12) were identified. ROC curve for each Hub gene in the training and validation sets were plotted, which revealed that the Area Under Curve (AUC) values are all greater than 0.6, indicating good classification ability. A total of 349 miRNAs targeting Hub genes were predicted in the mirDIP database, and 620 lncRNAs targeting miRNAs were predicted in the ENCORI database. The ceRNA regulatory network was constructed using Cytoscape software. Finally, we employed the cMAP database to predict small molecular complexes as potentially effective drugs for the treatment of sepsis, such as chloroquine, harpagoside, and PD-123319. In conclusion, this project successfully identified 7 core genes, which may serve as promising candidates for novel sepsis biomarkers. Meanwhile, we constructed a related ceRNA network and predicted potential targeted drugs, providing potential therapeutic targets and treatment strategies for sepsis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiping Tang
- Department of ICU, The Second Nanning People's Hospital, Nanning City 530021, China
| | - Haijuan Lu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning City 530000, China
| | - Zuohua Xie
- Department of ICU, The Second Nanning People's Hospital, Nanning City 530021, China
| | - Xinju Jia
- Department of ICU, The Second Nanning People's Hospital, Nanning City 530021, China
| | - Ting Su
- Department of ICU, The Second Nanning People's Hospital, Nanning City 530021, China
| | - Bing Lin
- Department of ICU, The Second Nanning People's Hospital, Nanning City 530021, China.
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Li S, Xie F, Yi H. Simulated drug disposition in critically ill patients to evaluate effective PK/PD targets for combating Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance to meropenem. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2024; 68:e0154123. [PMID: 38319075 PMCID: PMC10916391 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01541-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections, including those caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, often lead to sepsis, necessitating effective antibiotic treatment like carbapenems. The key pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) index correlated to carbapenem efficacy is the fraction time of unbound plasma concentration above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the pathogen (%fT > MIC). While multiple targets exist, determining the most effective one for critically ill patients remains a matter of debate. This study evaluated meropenem's bactericidal potency and its ability to combat drug resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa under three representative PK/PD targets: 40% fT > MIC, 100% fT > MIC, and 100% fT > 4× MIC. The hollow fiber infection model (HFIM) was constructed, validated, and subsequently inoculated with a substantial Pseudomonas aeruginosa load (1 × 108 CFU/mL). Different meropenem regimens were administered to achieve the specified PK/PD targets. At specified intervals, samples were collected from the HFIM system and subjected to centrifugation. The resulting supernatant was utilized to determine drug concentrations, while the precipitates were used to track changes in both total and drug-resistant bacterial populations over time by the spread plate method. The HFIM accurately reproduced meropenem's pharmacokinetics in critically ill patients. All three PK/PD target groups exhibited a rapid bactericidal response within 6 h of the initial treatment. However, the 40% fT > MIC and 100% fT > MIC groups subsequently showed bacterial resurgence and resistance, whereas the 100% fT > 4× MIC group displayed sustained bactericidal activity with no evidence of drug resistance. The HFIM system revealed that maintaining 100% fT > 4× MIC offers a desirable microbiological response for critically ill patients, demonstrating strong bactericidal capacity and effective prevention of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Zhang
- Division of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Yueyang Inspection and Testing Center, Yueyang, China
| | - Sanwang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feifan Xie
- Division of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hanxi Yi
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Wang T, Lv L, Feng H, Gu W. Unlocking the Potential: Quercetin and Its Natural Derivatives as Promising Therapeutics for Sepsis. Biomedicines 2024; 12:444. [PMID: 38398046 PMCID: PMC10887054 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a syndrome of organ dysfunction caused by an uncontrolled inflammatory response, which can seriously endanger life. Currently, there is still a shortage of specific therapeutic drugs. Quercetin and its natural derivatives have received a lot of attention recently for their potential in treating sepsis. Here, we provide a comprehensive summary of the recent research progress on quercetin and its derivatives, with a focus on their specific mechanisms of antioxidation and anti-inflammation. To obtain the necessary information, we conducted a search in the PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases using the keywords sepsis, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-infection, quercetin, and its natural derivatives to identify relevant research from 6315 articles published in the last five years. At present, quercetin and its 11 derivatives have been intensively studied. They primarily exert their antioxidation and anti-inflammation effects through the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB, Nrf2/ARE, and MAPK pathways. The feasibility of these compounds in experimental models and clinical application were also discussed. In conclusion, quercetin and its natural derivatives have good application potential in the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- Center of Smart Laboratory and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; (T.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Linxi Lv
- Center of Smart Laboratory and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; (T.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Hui Feng
- Center of Smart Laboratory and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; (T.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Wei Gu
- Center of Smart Laboratory and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; (T.W.); (L.L.)
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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Xu LJ, Yang Y, Yuan LF, Liu H, Xu NP, Yang Y, Huang L. SP1-stimulated miR-208a-5p aggravates sepsis-induced myocardial injury via targeting XIAP. Exp Cell Res 2024; 435:113905. [PMID: 38163563 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The development of sepsis can lead to many organ dysfunction and even death. Myocardial injury is one of the serious complications of sepsis leading to death. New evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in infection myocardial injury. However, the mechanism which miR-208a-5p regulates sepsis-induced myocardial injury remains unclear. To mimic sepsis-induced myocardial injury in vitro, rat primary cardiomyocytes were treated with LPS. Cell viability and apoptosis were tested by CCK-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. The secretion of inflammatory factors was analyzed by ELISA. mRNA and protein levels were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. The interaction among SP1, XIAP and miR-208a-5p was detected using dual luciferase report assay. Ultrasonic analysis and HE staining was performed to observe the effect of miR-208a-5p in sepsis-induced rats. Our findings indicated that miR-208a-5p expression in primary rat cardiomyocytes was increased by LPS. MiR-208a-5p inhibitor reversed LPS-induced cardiomyocytes injury through inhibiting the apoptosis. Furthermore, the inflammatory injury in cardiomyocytes was induced by LPS, which was rescued by miR-208a-5p inhibitor. In addition, downregulation of miR-208a-5p improved LPS-induced sepsis myocardial injury in vivo. Mechanistically, XIAP might be a target gene of miR-208a-5p. SP1 promoted transcription of miR-208a by binding to the miR-208a promoter region. Moreover, silencing of XIAP reversed the regulatory of miR-208a-5p inhibitor on cardiomyocytes injury. To sum up, those findings revealed silencing of miR-208a-5p could alleviate sepsis-induced myocardial injury, which would grant a new process for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Jun Xu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China; Department of Emergency, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330038, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Yixian Yang
- Department of Emergency, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330038, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Ling-Feng Yuan
- Department of Function, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330038, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Emergency, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330038, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Nan-Ping Xu
- Department of Emergency, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330038, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330038, Jiangxi Province, PR China.
| | - Liang Huang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, PR China.
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Luo Y, Li Y, He L, Tu H, Lin X, Zhao F, Huang Y, Wen M, Wang L, Yang Z. Xinyang tablet ameliorates sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction by regulating Beclin-1 to mediate macrophage autophagy and M2 polarization through LncSICRNT1 targeting E3 ubiquitin ligase TRAF6. Chin Med 2023; 18:143. [PMID: 37919806 PMCID: PMC10621131 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00832-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Xinyang Tablet (XYT) has emerged as a potential intervention to counter sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SMID) by influencing macrophage autophagy and M2 polarization. This study aimed to unravel the underlying mechanism of XYT in sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD). METHODS A microarray analysis was employed to explore sepsis-related changes, and bioinformatics analysis was used to predict lncRNAs binding to tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6). This studio utilized SIMD mouse models induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection, followed by treatments involving varied doses of XYT, digoxin (positive control), or si-LncSICRNT1. After seven days, evaluations encompassing mouse hair/mental state/diet/weight were measured, and cardiac function via echocardiography were conducted. Myocardial tissue changes were observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Additionally, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) subjected to LPS for M1 polarization were treated with oe-LncSICRNT1, si-TRAF6 and their negative control, XYT, or autophagy inhibitor 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) (positive control). RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses were employed to assess LncSICRNT1, TRAF6, Beclin-1, LC3II/LC3I, and p62 levels. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were used for M1/M2 polarization markers, while enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) gauged inflammatory factor levels. Interaction between TRAF6 and LncSICRNT1 was probed using RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. RESULTS Chip analysis obtained 1463 differentially expressed lncRNAs, including LINC01550 (LncSICRNT1). Further prediction indicated that LncSICRNT1 was highly likely to directly bind to TRAF6. XYT treatment in LPS-induced SIMD mice led to notable enhancements in sleep/hair/diet/activity, increased weight/left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd)/LV ejection fraction (LVEF)/LV fraction shortening (LVFS). These improvements were associated with elevated LncSICRNT1 expression and decreased TRAF6 protein levels, culminating in reduced myocardial inflammatory responses and improved cardiac function. Notably, XYT was found to suppress macrophage M1 polarization, while enhancing M2 polarization, ultimately benefitting cardiac function via LncSICRNT1 modulation. Furthermore, the study revealed LncSICRNT1 modulated Beclin-1 ubiquitination and restrained macrophage autophagy by targeting TRAF6 expression. CONCLUSION The study highlights XYT's potential to ameliorate LPS-induced SIMD by elevating LncSICRNT1 expression, influencing TRAF6 expression, and regulating Beclin-1 ubiquitination. These actions collectively inhibit macrophage autophagy and foster M1/M2 polarization, contributing to cardiac function improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Luo
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanmei Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liwei He
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Tu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinfeng Lin
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengli Zhao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yusheng Huang
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minyong Wen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingjun Wang
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongqi Yang
- President's Office, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Nyandoro VO, Omolo CA, Ismail EA, Yong L, Govender T. Inflammation-responsive drug delivery nanosystems for treatment of bacterial-induced sepsis. Int J Pharm 2023; 644:123346. [PMID: 37633537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis, a complication of dysregulated host immune systemic response to an infection, is life threatening and causes multiple organ injuries. Sepsis is recognized by WHO as a big contributor to global morbidity and mortality. The heterogeneity in sepsis pathophysiology, antimicrobial resistance threat, the slowdown in the development of antimicrobials, and limitations of conventional dosage forms jeopardize the treatment of sepsis. Drug delivery nanosystems are promising tools to overcome some of these challenges. Among the drug delivery nanosystems, inflammation-responsive nanosystems have attracted considerable interest in sepsis treatment due to their ability to respond to specific stimuli in the sepsis microenvironment to release their payload in a precise, targeted, controlled, and rapid manner compared to non-responsive nanosystems. These nanosystems posit superior therapeutic potential to enhance sepsis treatment. This review critically evaluates the recent advances in the design of drug delivery nanosystems that are inflammation responsive and their potential in enhancing sepsis treatment. The sepsis microenvironment's unique features, such as acidic pH, upregulated receptors, overexpressed enzymes, and enhanced oxidative stress, that form the basis for their design have been adequately discussed. These inflammation-responsive nanosystems have been organized into five classes namely: Receptor-targeted nanosystems, pH-responsive nanosystems, redox-responsive nanosystems, enzyme-responsive nanosystems, and multi-responsive nanosystems. Studies under each class have been thematically grouped and discussed with an emphasis on the polymers used in their design, nanocarriers, key characterization, loaded actives, and key findings on drug release and therapeutic efficacy. Further, this information is concisely summarized into tables and supplemented by inserted figures. Additionally, this review adeptly points out the strengths and limitations of the studies and identifies research avenues that need to be explored. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives on these nanosystems have been thoughtfully highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent O Nyandoro
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Kabarak University, Nakuru, Kenya
| | - Calvin A Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, United States International University-Africa, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Eman A Ismail
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Liu Yong
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (WIUCAS), China
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
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Chen X, Chen X, Yang Y, Luo N, Yang J, Zhong L, Guo T, Yuan Z, Wei Q, Wang C. Protective role of the novel cytokine Metrnl/ interleukin-41 in host immunity defense during sepsis by promoting macrophage recruitment and modulating Treg/Th17 immune cell balance. Clin Immunol 2023; 254:109690. [PMID: 37423488 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metrnl play an immunocytokine-like role in several diseases, which is also known as meteorin-like because it is homologous to the neurotrophic factor meteorin (Metrn). Although the expression and function of Metrnl, including neurotrophic, immunomodulatory, and insulin resistance functions in different tissues have been extensively studied, its role in sepsis has remained largely limited. METHODS The present work analyzed the levels of Metrnl and cytokines in the circulation, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-1)β, IL-6, IL-8, together with IL-10 among septic adult patients. Clinical information was obtained from such patients, including sofa score, procalcitonin(PCT)count, and C-reactive count (CRP) within 24 h when entering the intensive care unit (ICU). We constructed a sepsis model in Metrnl-deficient or normal wild-type mice using cecal ligation and perforation to study its functions in bacterial burden, survival, cytokine/chemokine generation, peritoneal lavage fluid neutrophils, macrophage and lymphocyte recruitment, and Treg/Th17 immune cell balance after CLP-induced sepsis. RESULTS The expression of Metrnl was remarkably elevated in the early phase of sepsis clinically. Its serum content in patients dying of sepsis slightly decreased relative to that in survivors. Furthermore, the concentration of Metrnl in septic cases when entering the ICU independently predicted the 28-day mortality. For septic patients who had low serum Metrnl content (≤ 274.40 pg/mL), the death risk increased by 2.3 folds relative to those who had a high serum content. It is reported that Metrnl is probably insufficient among patients dying of sepsis. Additionally, the content of Metrnl in the serum of septic patients when entering the ICU is markedly and negatively related to the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, PCT, and Sofa score. Collectively, Metrnl could be a potential therapeutic target for sepsis. A low-lethality non-severe sepsis (NSS) model was constructed, which suggested that Metrnl insufficiency elevated the death rate and reduced bacterial clearance during sepsis. For Metrnl-deficient mice, impaired sepsis immunity defense might be related to decreased macrophage recruitment and Treg/Th17 lymphocyte imbalance. Recombinant Metrnl administered to Metrnl-deficient mice abolished the immunity defense impairment following NSS while protecting the high-lethality severe sepsis (SS) model in wild-type (WT) mice. In addition, Metrnl-induced sepsis prevention was intricately associated with the increased recruitment of peritoneal macrophages and modulation of the Treg/TH17 immune cell balance. Furthermore, CCL3 exposure in Metrnl-deficient mice reduced peritoneal bacterial loads while improving survival during sepsis partially by promoting the recruitment of peritoneal macrophages. Furthermore, Metrnl regulated the polarization of M1 macrophages through the ROS signaling pathway and promoted macrophage phagocytosis, thereby killing Escherichia coli. CONCLUSIONS The present proof-of-concept work suggests that Metrnl-mediated recruitment of macrophages significantly affects sepsis defense in the host and modulates the Treg/Th17 immune cell balance. Findings in this work shed more light on the development of host-directed treatments that can be used to manipulate host immunity to treat sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Health Management, Army Medical Center of PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingxue Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Afffliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Na Luo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingui Zhong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- Department of General Medicine, Community Health Service Center, Longmenhao Street, Nan'an District, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongzhen Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Chuanjiang Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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de O. Trovão L, dos S. Rodrigues L, Mendes PM, Alves PCS, da S. Oliveira A, Brito JM, Vale AAM, de O. Garbis DV, Simão G, dos Santos APSA, Pereira PVS, Silva LA, Berretta AA, Nascimento FRF, Guerra RNM, Monteiro-Neto V, Fernandes ES, Maciel MCG. The Immunomodulatory Activity of Punica granatum L. Peel Extract Increases the Lifespan of Mice with Lethal Sepsis. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:2868707. [PMID: 37621924 PMCID: PMC10447006 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2868707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is an organ dysfunction syndrome associated with high mortality. To date, no effective treatment is available to combat this disease. Punica granatum L. is a potential alternative treatment due to its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of a hydroalcoholic crude extract from the peels of P. granatum (HCEPg) in mice with lethal sepsis. Lethal polymicrobial sepsis was induced in female Swiss mice via cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Initially, the animals were divided into three groups: Sham (false-operated), CLP-control (phosphate-buffered saline), and CLP-HCEPg (single dose, 5 mg/kg, subcutaneous administration). Treatment was initiated immediately after the induction of sepsis, and survival was evaluated every 12 hr for 5 days. Those who survived were euthanized. Serum cytokine levels were measured using a cytometric bead array Mouse Inflammatory Cytokine Kit. The number of colony-forming units, as well as the number of cells in the lymphoid organs and their activation markers, were analyzed. Results showed that treatment with HCEPg increased lifespan and reduced bacterial counts in the peritoneum, bloodstream, and spleen. HCEPg also decreased hydrogen peroxide secretion by phagocytes and augmented serum IL-10 levels, indicating its systemic anti-inflammatory effects. Additionally, treatment with HCEPg attenuated infection-induced lung hemorrhage. Overall, P. granatum extract improved the lifespan of septic mice, possibly due to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects, thereby regulating bacterial load and translocation, as well as controlling the systemic inflammation induced by sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gisele Simão
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe e Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elizabeth S. Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe e Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, Brazil
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10
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Napolitano F, Giudice V, Selleri C, Montuori N. Plasminogen System in the Pathophysiology of Sepsis: Upcoming Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12376. [PMID: 37569751 PMCID: PMC10418678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe hemostatic disturbances and impaired fibrinolysis occur in sepsis. In the most serious cases, the dysregulation of fibrinolysis contributes to septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and death. Therefore, an analysis of circulating concentrations of pro- and anti-fibrinolytic mediators could be a winning strategy in both the diagnosis and the treatment of sepsis. However, the optimal cutoff value, the timing of the measurements, and their combination with coagulation indicators should be further investigated. The purpose of this review is to summarize all relevant publications regarding the role of the main components of the plasminogen activation system (PAS) in the pathophysiology of sepsis. In addition, the clinical value of PAS-associated biomarkers in the diagnosis and the outcomes of patients with septic syndrome will be explored. In particular, experimental and clinical trials performed in emergency departments highlight the validity of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) as a predictive and prognostic biomarker in patients with sepsis. The measurements of PAI-I may also be useful, as its increase is an early manifestation of sepsis and may precede the development of thrombocytopenia. The upcoming years will undoubtedly see progress in the use of PAS-associated laboratory parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filomena Napolitano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Valentina Giudice
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (V.G.); (C.S.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Carmine Selleri
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (V.G.); (C.S.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Nunzia Montuori
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), WAO Center of Excellence, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy
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11
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Li X, Bai Y, Ma Y, Li Y. Ameliorating effects of berberine on sepsis-associated lung inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide: molecular mechanisms and preclinical evidence. Pharmacol Rep 2023:10.1007/s43440-023-00492-2. [PMID: 37184743 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00492-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
As a life-threatening disorder, sepsis-associated lung injury is a dysregulated inflammatory response to microbial infection, characterized by the infiltration of inflammatory cells into lung tissues and excessive production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Therefore, immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory agents are a potential treatment for sepsis-associated lung injury. Berberine, one of the well-studied medicinal plant-derived compounds, has shown promising anti-inflammatory potential in inflammatory conditions, through modulating excessive immune responses induced by various immune cells. A systematic literature search in electronic databases indicated several publications that studied the effect of berberine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis in preclinical investigations. The current review article aims to provide evidence on the effects of berberine against LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI), together with underlying molecular mechanisms. The findings reveal that berberine through inhibiting the excessive production of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines, suppressing the infiltration of immune cells into lung tissues, as well as preventing pulmonary edema and coagulation, can relieve pulmonary histopathological changes from LPS-mediated inflammation, thereby attenuating sepsis-associated lung injury and lethality in the experimental models. In conclusion, berberine shows great potential as a preventing and therapeutic agent for sepsis-associated lung injury, however, further proof-of-concept studies and clinical investigations are warranted for translating these preclinical findings into clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750002, China
| | - Yi Bai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750002, China
| | - Yulong Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750002, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750002, China.
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12
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Aisa-Álvarez A, Pérez-Torres I, Guarner-Lans V, Manzano-Pech L, Cruz-Soto R, Márquez-Velasco R, Casarez-Alvarado S, Franco-Granillo J, Núñez-Martínez ME, Soto ME. Randomized Clinical Trial of Antioxidant Therapy Patients with Septic Shock and Organ Dysfunction in the ICU: SOFA Score Reduction by Improvement of the Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant System. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091330. [PMID: 37174730 PMCID: PMC10177152 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Here, we assess the effect of adjuvant antioxidant therapies in septic shock patients with organ dysfunction and their effect on the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. METHODS Randomized clinical trial run between 2018 and 2022. One hundred and thirty-one patients with septic shock were included in five groups with 25, 27, 24, 26 and 29 patients each. Group 1 received vitamin C (Vit C), Group 2 vitamin E (Vit E), Group 3 n-acetylcysteine (NAC), Group 4 melatonin (MT) and group 5 no treatment. All antioxidants were administered orally or through a nasogastric tube for 5 days as an adjuvant to standard therapy. RESULTS All patients had multiple organ failure (MOF) and low Vit C levels. Vit C therapy decreased CRP, PCT and NO3-/NO2- but increased Vit C levels. The SOFA score decreased with MT in 75%, Vit C 63% and NAC 50% vs. controls 33% (p = 0.0001, p = 0.03 and p = 0.001 respectively). MT diminished lipid peroxidation (LPO) (p = 0.01) and improved total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (p = 0.04). Vit E increased thiol levels (p = 0.02) and tended to decrease LPO (p = 0.06). Selenium levels were decreased in the control group (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Antioxidants used as an adjuvant therapy in the standard treatment of septic shock decrease MOF and oxidative stress markers. They increase the TAC and thiols, and maintain selenium levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Aisa-Álvarez
- Critical Care Department, American British Cowdray (ABC) Medical Center, I.A.P. ABC Sur 136 No. 116 Col. Las Américas, México City 01120, Mexico
- UNAM Master's and Doctoral Program in Medical, Dental and Health Sciences UNAM, México. Av. Universidad 3000, Coyoacán, México City 04510, Mexico
| | - Israel Pérez-Torres
- Cardiovascular Biomedicine Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City 14080, Mexico
| | - Verónica Guarner-Lans
- Physiology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City 14080, Mexico
| | - Linaloe Manzano-Pech
- Cardiovascular Biomedicine Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City 14080, Mexico
| | - Randall Cruz-Soto
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City 14080, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Márquez-Velasco
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City 14080, Mexico
| | - Sergio Casarez-Alvarado
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City 14080, Mexico
| | - Juvenal Franco-Granillo
- Critical Care Department, American British Cowdray (ABC) Medical Center, I.A.P. ABC Sur 136 No. 116 Col. Las Américas, México City 01120, Mexico
| | | | - María Elena Soto
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City 14080, Mexico
- Department of the Cardiovascular, Division of the American British Cowdray Medical Center, Sur 136 No. 116 Col. Las Américas, México City 01120, Mexico
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13
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Ling H, Chen M, Dai J, Zhong H, Chen R, Shi F. Evaluation of qSOFA Combined with Inflammatory Mediators for Diagnosing Sepsis and Predicting Mortality among Emergency Department. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 544:117352. [PMID: 37076099 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no guidelines in China or worldwide that clearly recommend indicators for the early diagnosis of sepsis in the emergency department. Simple and unified joint diagnostic criteria are also scarce. We compare the Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score and inflammatory mediator concentrations in patients with normal infection, sepsis, and sepsis death. METHODS This study used a prospective and consecutive manner, including 79 patients with sepsis in the Emergency Department of Shenzhen People's Hospital from December 2020 to June 2021, and 79 patients with common infections (non-sepsis) matched by age and sex during the same period. The sepsis patients were then divided into a sepsis survival group (n=67) and a sepsis death group (n=12) based on whether they survived within 28 days. The baseline characteristics, qSOFA scores, the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin (IL) -6, IL-1b, IL-8, IL-10, procalcitonin (PCT), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HSCRP) and other indicators were collected in all subjects. RESULTS PCT and qSOFA were independent risk factors for predicting sepsis in the emergency department. The AUC value of PCT was the largest (0.819) among all diagnostic indicators of sepsis, with a cut-off value of 0.775ng/ml and sensitivity and specificity of 0.785 and 0.709, respectively. The AUC of qSOFA combined PCT was the largest (0.842) in the combination of the 2 indicators, and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.722 and 0.848, respectively. IL-6 was an independent risk factor for predicting death within 28 days. IL-8 had the largest AUC value (0.826) among all indicators predicting sepsis death, with a cut-off value of 215 pg/ml and sensitivity and specificity of 0.667 and 0.895, respectively. Among the combination of two indicators, qSOFA combined with IL-8 had the largest AUC value (0.782) and sensitivity and specificity of 0.833 and 0.612, respectively. CONCLUSIONS QSOFA and PCT are independent risk factors for sepsis, and qSOFA combined with PCT may be an ideal combination for early diagnosis of sepsis in the emergency department. IL-6 is an independent risk factor for death within 28 days of sepsis, and qSOFA combined with IL-8 may be an ideal combination for early prediction of death within 28 days in sepsis patients in the emergency department.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxiang Ling
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Manqin Chen
- Department of Infectious diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - JunJie Dai
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Haimei Zhong
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongchang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Shenzhen Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Shi
- Department of Infectious diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China.
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14
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Pathogenesis of Anemia in Canine Babesiosis: Possible Contribution of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines-A Review. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020166. [PMID: 36839438 PMCID: PMC9962459 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine babesiosis is a tick-borne protozoan disease caused by intraerythrocytic parasites of the genus Babesia. The infection may lead to anemia in infected dogs. However, anemia is not directly caused by the pathogen. The parasite's developmental stages only have a marginal role in contributing to a decreased red blood cell (RBC) count. The main cause of anemia in affected dogs is the immune response to the infection. This response includes antibody production, erythrophagocytosis, oxidative damage of RBCs, complement activation, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Moreover, both infected and uninfected erythrocytes are retained in the spleen and sequestered in micro-vessels. All these actions are driven by pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, especially IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8. Additionally, imbalance between the actions of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines plays a role in patho-mechanisms leading to anemia in canine babesiosis. This article is a review of the studies on the pathogenesis of anemia in canine babesiosis and related diseases, such as bovine or murine babesiosis and human or murine malaria, and the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the mechanisms leading to anemia in infected dogs.
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15
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Peng Y, Wu Q, Liu H, Zhang J, Han Q, Yin F, Wang L, Chen Q, Zhang F, Feng C, Zhu H. An immune-related gene signature predicts the 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1152117. [PMID: 37033939 PMCID: PMC10076848 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1152117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sepsis is the leading cause of death in intensive care units and is characterized by multiple organ failure, including dysfunction of the immune system. In the present study, we performed an integrative analysis on publicly available datasets to identify immune-related genes (IRGs) that may play vital role in the pathological process of sepsis, based on which a prognostic IRG signature for 28-day mortality prediction in patients with sepsis was developed and validated. Methods Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), Cox regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) estimation were used to identify functional IRGs and construct a model for predicting the 28-day mortality. The prognostic value of the model was validated in internal and external sepsis datasets. The correlations of the IRG signature with immunological characteristics, including immune cell infiltration and cytokine expression, were explored. We finally validated the expression of the three IRG signature genes in blood samples from 12 sepsis patients and 12 healthy controls using qPCR. Results We established a prognostic IRG signature comprising three gene members (LTB4R, HLA-DMB and IL4R). The IRG signature demonstrated good predictive performance for 28-day mortality on the internal and external validation datasets. The immune infiltration and cytokine analyses revealed that the IRG signature was significantly associated with multiple immune cells and cytokines. The molecular pathway analysis uncovered ontology enrichment in myeloid cell differentiation and iron ion homeostasis, providing clues regarding the underlying biological mechanisms of the IRG signature. Finally, qPCR detection verified the differential expression of the three IRG signature genes in blood samples from 12 sepsis patients and 12 healthy controls. Discussion This study presents an innovative IRG signature for 28-day mortality prediction in sepsis patients, which may be used to facilitate stratification of risky sepsis patients and evaluate patients' immune state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaojun Peng
- Department of Graduate Administration, Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Emergency, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyan Wu
- Institute of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Graduate Administration, Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Jinying Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qingru Han
- Department of Emergency, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yin
- Department of Oncology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disease, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lingxiong Wang
- Institute of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Fei Zhang, ; Cong Feng, ; Haiyan Zhu,
| | - Cong Feng
- Department of Emergency, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Fei Zhang, ; Cong Feng, ; Haiyan Zhu,
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Department of Emergency, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Fei Zhang, ; Cong Feng, ; Haiyan Zhu,
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16
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Soni M, Handa M, Singh KK, Shukla R. Recent nanoengineered diagnostic and therapeutic advancements in management of Sepsis. J Control Release 2022; 352:931-945. [PMID: 36273527 PMCID: PMC9665001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 acquired symptoms have affected the worldwide population and increased the load of Intensive care unit (ICU) patient admissions. A large number of patients admitted to ICU end with a deadly fate of mortality. A high mortality rate of patients was reported with hospital-acquired septic shock that leads to multiple organ failures and ultimately ends with death. The patients who overcome this septic shock suffer from morbidity that also affects their caretakers. To overcome these situations, scientists are exploring progressive theragnostic techniques with advanced techniques based on biosensors, biomarkers, biozymes, vesicles, and others. These advanced techniques pave the novel way for early detection of sepsis-associated symptoms and timely treatment with appropriate antibiotics and immunomodulators and prevent the undue effect on other parts of the body. There are other techniques like externally modulated electric-based devices working on the principle of piezoelectric mechanism that not only sense the endotoxin levels but also target them with a loaded antibiotic to neutralize the onset of inflammatory response. Recently researchers have developed a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) neutralizing cartridge that not only senses the LPS but also appropriately neutralizes with dual mechanistic insights of antibiotic and anti-inflammatory effects. This review will highlight recent developments in the new nanotechnology-based approaches for the diagnosis and therapeutics of sepsis that is responsible for the high number of deaths of patients suffering from this critical disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Soni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow 226002, U.P., India
| | - Mayank Handa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow 226002, U.P., India
| | - Kamalinder K. Singh
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK,Correspondence to: Prof. Kamalinder K. Singh, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Rahul Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow 226002, U.P., India,School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK,Correspondence to: Dr. Rahul Shukla (M. Pharm. PhD), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER-Raebareli), Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow 226002, UP, India
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17
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Hwang YS, Jang JP, Park SH, Kim A, Jang JH, Yoon HR, Yoon SR, Park JH, Cho HJ, Lee HG. Ponciri Fructus Immaturus ethanol extract attenuates septic shock through inhibition of the STAT1 signaling pathway. Front Nutr 2022; 9:988309. [PMID: 36185646 PMCID: PMC9520981 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.988309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disease to infections and results in tissue damage and multiple organ failure. Ponciri Fructus Immaturus (PFI) is widely used in traditional medicine for allergic inflammation and gastrointestinal disorders. However, the effect of PFI on sepsis is still unknown. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects of PFI ethanol extract (PFIE) in LPS-stimulated J774 macrophages and mice with CLP- or LPS-induced sepsis, respectively. PFIE attenuates the LPS-induced production of the proinflammatory mediator NO by inhibiting the expression of iNOS in J774 cells. Real-time RT-PCR data and ELISA showed that the mRNA and protein levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 increased in LPS-stimulated J774 cells. However, this induction was significantly suppressed in PFIE pre-treated J774 cells. We also found that PFIE administration increased the survival rate of mice with LPS- and CLP-induced sepsis. Decreased serum levels of AST, ALT, and CK were observed after administration of PFIE, which was associated with reduced production of proinflammatory factors, such as NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Moreover, PFIE suppressed the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT1 in LPS-stimulated J774 cells, suggesting that PFIE can inhibit LPS- and CLP-induced septic shock by suppressing the STAT1 activation. These findings provide the potential therapeutic relevance of PFIE in treating acute inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo Sep Hwang
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Bio-Molecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jun-Pil Jang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Seong-Hoon Park
- Genetic and Epigenetic Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Aeyung Kim
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuk Jang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Hyang Ran Yoon
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Suk Ran Yoon
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jun Hong Park
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju-si, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jun Hong Park,
| | - Hee Jun Cho
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
- Hee Jun Cho,
| | - Hee Gu Lee
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Bio-Molecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea
- Hee Gu Lee,
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