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Wang X, Deng GM. Animal models of studying the pathogenesis of multi-organ tissue damage in lupus. Clin Immunol 2024; 263:110231. [PMID: 38692449 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Moderate-to-severe systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by extensive autoantibody deposition and persistent autoinflammation. As the existing animal models are limited in accurately reproducing the pathological characteristics of human SLE, we introduced a novel animal model simulating multi-organ autoinflammation through intra-organ injections. The model closely mimicked key features of SLE, including IgG deposition, inflammation, and tissue damage. The model could be used to assess the roles of IgG, immune cells, cytokines, and Fc gamma receptor (FcγR) in the pathogenesis of autoinflammation. The results obtained from this model could be confirmed by lupus MRL/lpr mice. The review suggested that the diagnostic criteria should be reconsidered to incorporate IgG deposition in tissues and highlighted the limitations of current T-cell and B-cell-focused treatments. To summarize, the IgG deposition model can be used to investigate the pathogenesis and treatment of multi-organ tissue damage associated with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guo-Min Deng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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2
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Qureshi OS, Sutton EJ, Bithell RF, West SM, Cutler RM, McCluskey G, Craggs G, Maroof A, Barnes NM, Humphreys DP, Rapecki S, Smith BJ, Shock A. Interactions of the anti-FcRn monoclonal antibody, rozanolixizumab, with Fcγ receptors and functional impact on immune cells in vitro. MAbs 2024; 16:2300155. [PMID: 38241085 PMCID: PMC10802195 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2023.2300155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Rozanolixizumab is a humanized anti-neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) monoclonal antibody (mAb) of the immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) sub-class, currently in clinical development for the treatment of IgG autoantibody-driven diseases. This format is frequently used for therapeutic mAbs due to its intrinsic lower affinity for Fc gamma receptors (FcγR) and lack of C1q engagement. However, with growing evidence suggesting that no Fc-containing agent is truly "silent" in this respect, we explored the engagement of FcγRs and potential functional consequences with rozanolixizumab. In the study presented here, rozanolixizumab was shown to bind to FcγRs in both protein-protein and cell-based assays, and the kinetic data were broadly as expected based on published data for an IgG4 mAb. Rozanolixizumab was also able to mediate antibody bipolar bridging (ABB), a phenomenon that led to a reduction of labeled FcγRI from the surface of human macrophages in an FcRn-dependent manner. However, the presence of exogenous human IgG, even at low concentrations, was able to prevent both binding and ABB events. Furthermore, data from in vitro experiments using relevant human cell types that express both FcRn and FcγRI indicated no evidence for functional sequelae in relation to cellular activation events (e.g., intracellular signaling, cytokine production) upon either FcRn or FcγR binding of rozanolixizumab. These data raise important questions about whether therapeutic antagonistic mAbs like rozanolixizumab would necessarily engage FcγRs at doses typically administered to patients in the clinic, and hence challenge the relevance and interpretation of in vitro assays performed in the absence of competing IgG.
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3
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Gupta R, Sarkar B, Goel A, Kotru M, Kashyap B. Utility of monocyte parameters in diagnosing Sputum Smear Negative Pulmonary TB. Trop Doct 2022; 52:315-321. [DOI: 10.1177/00494755221074533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background - Smear-negative TB (SNTB) may remain undetected for a long duration and new bio-markers are needed for diagnosis. Our study investigated monocyte parameters in this regard. Thirty cases each of SNTB, sputum positive cases and healthy controls were included. Full blood count and immune-phenotyping for ‘monocyte parameters’ by flow cytometry were performed using CD45, CD16, CD14, CD64 and HLA-DR The percentage of monocyte subsets and MFI of CD64 and HLA- DR noted and data statistically compared. The monocyte to lymphocyte ratio, percentage of intermediate monocytes, expression of CD64 on total as well as intermediate monocytes were significantly elevated in cases with SNTB as compared to healthy controls (p value, 0.07, 0.07, 0.001, 0.001 respectively). The cut off value for MFI CD64 on total and intermediate monocyte was >18 and >19.6 respectively. Thus monocyte parameters can serve as useful biomarkers for diagnosing tuberculosis in the sputum negative group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Gupta
- University College of medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Beauty Sarkar
- University College of medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Goel
- University College of medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Mrinalini Kotru
- University College of medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Binita Kashyap
- University College of medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
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4
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Chalayer E, Gramont B, Zekre F, Goguyer-Deschaumes R, Waeckel L, Grange L, Paul S, Chung AW, Killian M. Fc receptors gone wrong: A comprehensive review of their roles in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 21:103016. [PMID: 34915182 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.103016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic autoimmune and inflammatory diseases have a complex and only partially known pathophysiology with various abnormalities involving all the components of the immune system. Among these components, antibodies, and especially autoantibodies are key elements contributing to autoimmunity. The interaction of antibody fragment crystallisable (Fc) and several distinct receptors, namely Fc receptors (FcRs), have gained much attention during the recent years, with possible major therapeutic perspectives for the future. The aim of this review is to comprehensively describe the known roles for FcRs (activating and inhibitory FcγRs, neonatal FcR [FcRn], FcαRI, FcεRs, Ro52/tripartite motif containing 21 [Ro52/TRIM21], FcδR, and the novel Fc receptor-like [FcRL] family) in systemic autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, namely rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, mixed connective tissue disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, immunoglobulin (Ig) A vasculitis, Behçet's disease, Kawasaki disease, IgG4-related disease, immune thrombocytopenia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, antiphospholipid syndrome and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Chalayer
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Institut de Cancérologie Lucien Neuwirth, Saint-Etienne, France; INSERM U1059-Sainbiose, dysfonction vasculaire et hémostase, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Baptiste Gramont
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Franck Zekre
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Pediatrics, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Roman Goguyer-Deschaumes
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Louis Waeckel
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Immunology, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Lucile Grange
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Immunology, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Amy W Chung
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martin Killian
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, F42023 Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France.
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5
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Gomes VJ, Nunes PR, Matias ML, Ribeiro VR, Devides AC, Bannwart-Castro CF, Romagnoli GG, Peraçoli JC, Peraçoli MTS, Romao-Veiga M. Silibinin induces in vitro M2-like phenotype polarization in monocytes from preeclamptic women. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 89:107062. [PMID: 33045562 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific syndrome featuring intense activation of circulating monocytes and an imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The present study evaluated the immunomodulatory effect of silibinin (Sb) on the expression of surface markers and the nuclear transcription factor NF-κB signalling pathway of monocytes from preeclamptic women. Monocytes were cultured with or without Sb, and the mean fluorescence intensity of the surface molecules TLR4, CD64, and CD163 as well as the intracellular transcription factors IκB-α and NF-κBp65 was analysed by flow cytometry. The concentration of cytokines in the monocyte culture supernatant was determined by cytometric bead array and ELISA immunoassay. The results showed that the in vitro treatment of monocytes from preeclamptic women with Sb downregulated the endogenous activation of NF-κB and the expression of surface receptors TLR4 and CD64, and reduced the synthesis of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1 (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p70, IL-23, and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) compared with cultures not treated with Sb. The presence of this flavonoid in monocyte cultures increased the expression of CD163 and IκBα and the release of IL-10 and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in the culture supernatants, polarising these cells from the M1-like profile to the M2-like profile. The anti-inflammatory activity of Sb on the NF-κB activation pathway and induction of cell polarisation to the M2 profile was confirmed by an in vitro assay using monocytes from healthy, non-pregnant women. Treatment of monocytes from preeclamptic women with Sb polarises the cells to the M2-like phenotype, suggesting that this flavonoid has an immunomodulatory effect on the sterile inflammation characteristic of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgínia Juliani Gomes
- Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Rezeck Nunes
- Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Letícia Matias
- Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Rocha Ribeiro
- Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Graziela Gorete Romagnoli
- Department Health Science, Oeste Paulista University (UNOESTE), Jau, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Peraçoli
- Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Romao-Veiga
- Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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6
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Huot S, Laflamme C, Fortin PR, Boilard E, Pouliot M. IgG-aggregates rapidly upregulate FcgRI expression at the surface of human neutrophils in a FcgRII-dependent fashion: A crucial role for FcgRI in the generation of reactive oxygen species. FASEB J 2020; 34:15208-15221. [PMID: 32946139 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001085r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune complexes are an important feature of several autoimmune diseases such as lupus, as they contribute to tissue damage through the activation of immune cells. Neutrophils, key players in lupus, interact with immune complexes through Fc gamma receptors (FcgR). Incubation of neutrophils with aggregated-IgGs caused degranulation and increased the surface expression of FcgRI within minutes in a concentration-dependent fashion. After 30 minutes, IgG aggregates (1 mg/mL) upregulated FcgRI by 4.95 ± 0.45-fold. FcgRI-positive neutrophils reached 67.24% ± 6.88% on HA-IgGs stimulated neutrophils, from 3.12% ± 1.62% in non-stimulated cells, ranking IgG-aggregates among the most potent known agonists. FcgRIIa, and possibly FcgRIIIa, appeared to mediate this upregulation. Also, FcgRI-dependent signaling proved necessary for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in response to IgG-aggregates. Finally, combinations of bacterial materials with aggregates dramatically boosted ROS production. This work suggests FcgRI as an essential component in the response of human neutrophils to immune complexes leading to the production of ROS, which may help explain how neutrophils contribute to tissue damage associated with immune complex-associated diseases, such as lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Huot
- Département de microbiologie et immunologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.,Axe maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Cynthia Laflamme
- Département de microbiologie et immunologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.,Axe maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Paul R Fortin
- Axe maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.,Division de Rhumatologie, Département de Médecine, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Boilard
- Département de microbiologie et immunologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.,Axe maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Marc Pouliot
- Département de microbiologie et immunologie, Faculté de Médecine de l'Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.,Axe maladies infectieuses et immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
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7
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Shimizu T, Kikuchi-Taura A, Tsuji S, Matsushita M, Ohshima S, Saeki Y. Up-regulation of CD64 Expression on Monocytes in Patients With Active Adult-Onset Still Disease: A Possible Biomarker of Disease Activity. J Clin Rheumatol 2020; 26:67-72. [PMID: 32073518 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000000931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated whether monocyte CD64 (mCD64) expression is correlated with disease activity in patients with adult-onset Still disease (AOSD) and whether it could be used to distinguish between active and inactive disease states. METHODS We reviewed a series of 10 patients with a definite diagnosis of AOSD, recruited from January 2013 to December 2016. We used flow cytometry to quantitatively measure mCD64 expression levels in patients presenting with active and inactive disease states and statistically analyzed the corresponding changes. RESULTS The mean ± SD values of mCD64 expression levels in patients with active and inactive disease states were 77,148.3 ± 39,066.3 and 19,225.8 ± 7006.2 molecules/cell, respectively, indicating significantly higher mCD64 expression in the active state than in the inactive state (p = 0.005). Receiver operating characteristic analysis with a cutoff value of 31,796.0 molecules/cell was applied to distinguish active from inactive disease states; the sensitivity and specificity were both 100%. In these patients, only the mCD64 expression levels changed in parallel with disease activity under tocilizumab treatment; other conventional biomarkers measured showed no changes. CONCLUSIONS Monocyte CD64 expression could be used to clearly distinguish between active and inactive AOSD. Thus, mCD64 could be a promising biomarker for evaluating the disease activity of AOSD, even in patients receiving tocilizumab treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Shimizu
- From the Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | | | - Soichiro Tsuji
- Rheumatology and Allergology, Osaka Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masato Matsushita
- Rheumatology and Allergology, Osaka Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shiro Ohshima
- Department of Clinical Research
- Rheumatology and Allergology, Osaka Minami Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
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8
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Williams V, Rawat A, Vignesh P, Shandilya JK, Gupta A, Singh S. Fc-gamma receptor expression profile in a North-Indian cohort of pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: An observational study. Int J Rheum Dis 2018; 22:449-457. [PMID: 30399647 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms in the Fcγ-receptor (FcγR) have been associated with increased susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). There is a paucity of data on FcγR expression pattern in pediatric subjects with SLE. The aim of the study was to assess the expression of various FcγRs by flow cytometry in children with pediatric-onset SLE (pSLE). METHODS Thirty-one children aged 0-15 years fulfilling 2012 Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Classification Criteria for SLE were enrolled. Disease-active (n = 14) and the inactive group were delineated using the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). Thirteen age- and sex-matched controls were also enrolled. Blood samples of cases and controls were assessed for CD64, CD32B and CD16 expression on B lymphocytes, neutrophils and monocytes by flow cytometry using standard techniques. Median fluorescence intensity (MFI) and percentage expression were calculated using the FACS DIVA software and Kaluza software. RESULTS Median fluorescence intensity and percentage expression of CD64 on monocytes (MFI: 1.71 vs 1.51, P = 0.86) and neutrophils (MFI: 0.42 vs 0.64, P = 0.3) were comparable between patients and controls. MFIs of CD16 expression on neutrophils (3.47 vs 11.4, P = 0.05) and monocytes (1.28 vs 3.45, P = 0.07) were lower in patients compared to controls. CD32B expression on lymphocytes (MFI: 0.56 vs 1.37; % expression:18.3% vs 12.32%) was also comparable between cases and controls. Expression of CD64, CD16, and CD32B were also comparable between patients with active and inactive disease. CONCLUSION No significant differences were observed in FcγR expression between patients and controls. However, the overall trends of FcγR expression and decreased CD16 on monocytes and neutrophils are in consonance with data from larger cohorts of adult SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijai Williams
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Amit Rawat
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Pandiarajan Vignesh
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Shandilya
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Anju Gupta
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Surjit Singh
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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Burbano C, Villar-Vesga J, Orejuela J, Muñoz C, Vanegas A, Vásquez G, Rojas M, Castaño D. Potential Involvement of Platelet-Derived Microparticles and Microparticles Forming Immune Complexes during Monocyte Activation in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2018; 9:322. [PMID: 29545790 PMCID: PMC5837989 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microparticles (MPs) are vesicles derived from the plasma membrane of different cells, are considered a source of circulating autoantigens, and can form immune complexes (MPs-ICs). The number of MPs and MPs-ICs increases in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). MPs activate myeloid cells by inducing IL-6 and TNF-α in both SLE and other diseases. Therefore, we propose that the recognition of MPs-ICs by monocytes rather that MPs may define their phenotype and contribute to the inflammatory process in patients with SLE. Thus, the aims of this study were to evaluate the association among circulating MPs-ICs from different cell sources, alterations observed in monocyte subsets, and disease activity in patients with SLE and to establish whether monocytes bind and respond to MPs-ICs in vitro. Circulating MPs and monocyte subsets were characterized in 60 patients with SLE and 60 healthy controls (HCs) using multiparametric flow cytometry. Patients had higher MP counts and frequencies of MPs-CD41a + (platelet-derived) compared with HCs, regardless of disease activity. MPs from patients with SLE were C1q + and formed ICs with IgM and IgG. MPs-IgG + were positively correlated with active SLE (aSLE), whereas MPs-IgM + were negatively correlated. Most of the circulating total ICs-IgG + were located on MPs. The proportion and number of non-classical monocytes were significantly decreased in patients with SLE compared with HCs and in patients with aSLE compared with patients with the inactive disease. Non-classical monocytes obtained from patients with SLE exhibited increased levels of CD64 associated with MPs-IgG +, MPs-C1q +, total circulating ICs-IgG +, and disease activity. The direct effects of MPs and MPs-IgG + on monocytes were evaluated in cell culture. Monocytes from both HCs and patients bound to and internalized MPs and MPs-IgG + independent of CD64. These vesicles derived from platelets (PMPs), mainly PMPs-IgG +, activated monocytes in vitro and increased the expression of CD69, CD64, and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-α. Therefore, MPs are one of the most representative sources of the total amount of circulating ICs-IgG + in patients with SLE. MPs-IgG + are associated with SLE activity, and PMPs-IgG + stimulate monocytes, changing their phenotype and promoting pro-inflammatory responses related to disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Burbano
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan Villar-Vesga
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Janine Orejuela
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos Muñoz
- Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Adriana Vanegas
- Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria Vásquez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
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10
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Rose T, Dörner T. Drivers of the immunopathogenesis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2017; 31:321-333. [PMID: 29224674 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This review summarises a number of current insights into the pathogenesis of SLE. On the basis of the interaction of environmental factors within a predisposed host, a chronic autoimmune process gains function with a positive feed-forward loop between innate and adaptive immunity. A current focus of SLE pathogenesis is on the enhanced production of certain cytokines, such as type I interferons and BLyS/BAFF, suggesting continuous plasmacytoid dendritic and myeloid cell activity together with disturbances of B lineage cells (increased autoantibodies, including anti-dsDNA and plasmablasts, which correlate with SLE activity and memory B-cell abnormalities). Recent studies provided evidence that CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and B cells are hyporesponsive in SLE, likely reflecting their 'post-activation status'. Data of enhanced protein tyrosine phosphatase activity of lymphocytes in SLE require consideration if they represent a disease characteristic. Better understanding of the chronic autoimmune phase is needed in addition to those phases during flares and will permit improved treatment of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Rose
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, Berlin D-10117, Germany; German Rheumatism Research Center, Berlin-Leibniz Institute, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Dörner
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, Berlin D-10117, Germany; German Rheumatism Research Center, Berlin-Leibniz Institute, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
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11
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Role of glutathione S-transferases polymorphisms and monocyte CD64 expression in Egyptian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGIST 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejr.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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12
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Strauß R, Rose T, Flint SM, Klotsche J, Häupl T, Peck-Radosavljevic M, Yoshida T, Kyogoku C, Flechsig A, Becker AM, Dao KH, Radbruch A, Burmester GR, Lyons PA, Davis LS, Hiepe F, Grützkau A, Biesen R. Type I interferon as a biomarker in autoimmunity and viral infection: a leukocyte subset-specific analysis unveils hidden diagnostic options. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:753-765. [PMID: 28357476 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1515-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Interferon alpha and its surrogates, including IP-10 and SIGLEC1, paralleled changes of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the whole blood interferon signature (WBIFNS)-the current standard for type I IFN assessment in SLE-does not correlate with SLE disease activity in individual patients over time. The underlying causes for this apparent contradiction have not been convincingly demonstrated. Using a multicenter dataset of gene expression data from leukocyte subsets in SLE, we identify distinctive subset-specific contributions to the WBIFNS. In a subsequent analysis, the effects of type I interferon on cellular blood composition in patients with SLE and hepatitis B were also studied over time. We found that type I interferon mediates significant alterations in whole blood composition, including a neutropenia and relative lymphocytosis. Given different effects of type 1 interferon on different leukocyte subsets, these shifts confound measurement of a type 1 interferon signature in whole blood. To minimize and overcome these limitations of the WBIFNS, we suggest to measure IFN-induced transcripts or proteins in a specific leukocyte subset to improve clinical impact of interferon biomarkers. KEY MESSAGES Myeloid cells contribute more to the WBIFNS in SLE than their lymphocytic counterpart. Very similar leukocyte subsets reveal distinctive IFN signatures. IFN alpha mixes up composition of blood and leads to a preferential neutropenia, yielding relative lymphocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy Strauß
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Rose
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shaun M Flint
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Jens Klotsche
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin-Leibniz Institute, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Häupl
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Taketoshi Yoshida
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Chieko Kyogoku
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Alexandra Flechsig
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Amy M Becker
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kathryn H Dao
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Andreas Radbruch
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin-Leibniz Institute, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd-Rüdiger Burmester
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul A Lyons
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Laurie S Davis
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Falk Hiepe
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Grützkau
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin-Leibniz Institute, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Biesen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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Rose T, Grützkau A, Klotsche J, Enghard P, Flechsig A, Keller J, Riemekasten G, Radbruch A, Burmester GR, Dörner T, Hiepe F, Biesen R. Are interferon-related biomarkers advantageous for monitoring disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus? A longitudinal benchmark study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2017; 56:1618-1626. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Jin Z, Fan W, Jensen MA, Dorschner JM, Bonadurer GF, Vsetecka DM, Amin S, Makol A, Ernste F, Osborn T, Moder K, Chowdhary V, Niewold TB. Single-cell gene expression patterns in lupus monocytes independently indicate disease activity, interferon and therapy. Lupus Sci Med 2017; 4:e000202. [PMID: 29238602 PMCID: PMC5724340 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2016-000202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Important findings can be masked in gene expression studies of mixed cell populations. We examined single-cell gene expression in SLE patient monocytes in the context of clinical and immunological features. Methods Monocytes were purified from patients with SLE and controls, and individually isolated for single-cell gene expression measurement. A panel of monocyte-related transcripts were measured in individual classical (CL) and non-classical (NCL) monocytes. Results Analyses of both CL and NCL monocytes demonstrated that many genes had a lower expression rate in SLE monocytes than in controls. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of the CL and NCL data sets demonstrated independent clusters of cells from the patients with SLE that were related to disease activity, type I interferon (IFN) and medication use. Thus, each of these factors exerted a different impact on monocyte gene expression that could be identified separately, and a number of genes correlated uniquely with disease activity. We found within-cell correlations between genes directly induced by type I IFN-induced and other non–IFN-induced genes, suggesting the downstream biological effects of type I IFN in individual human SLE monocytes which differed between CLs and NCLs. Conclusions In summary, single-cell gene expression in monocytes was associated with a wide range of clinical and biological features in SLE, providing much greater detail and insight into the cellular biology underlying the disease than previous mixed-cell population studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbo Jin
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mark A Jensen
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | | | | | - Shreyasee Amin
- Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ashima Makol
- Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Floranne Ernste
- Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Thomas Osborn
- Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kevin Moder
- Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Quast I, Peschke B, Lünemann JD. Regulation of antibody effector functions through IgG Fc N-glycosylation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:837-847. [PMID: 27639381 PMCID: PMC11107549 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2366-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin gamma (IgG) antibodies are key effector proteins of the immune system. They recognize antigens with high specificity and are indispensable for immunological memory following pathogen exposure or vaccination. The constant, crystallizable fragment (Fc) of IgG molecules mediates antibody effector functions such as complement-dependent cytotoxicity, antibody-mediated cellular cytotoxicity, and antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis. These functions are regulated by a single N-linked, biantennary glycan of the heavy chain, which resides just below the hinge region, and the presence of specific sugar moieties on the glycan has profound implications on IgG effector functions. Emerging knowledge of how Fc glycans contribute to IgG structure and functions has opened new avenues for the therapeutic exploitation of defined antibody glycoforms in the treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases. Here, we review recent advances in understanding proinflammatory IgG effector functions and their regulation by Fc glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaak Quast
- Laboratory of Neuroinflammation, Department of Neuroinflammation, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Peschke
- Laboratory of Neuroinflammation, Department of Neuroinflammation, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan D Lünemann
- Laboratory of Neuroinflammation, Department of Neuroinflammation, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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16
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La Manna MP, Orlando V, Dieli F, Di Carlo P, Cascio A, Cuzzi G, Palmieri F, Goletti D, Caccamo N. Quantitative and qualitative profiles of circulating monocytes may help identifying tuberculosis infection and disease stages. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171358. [PMID: 28208160 PMCID: PMC5313257 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most important cause of morbidity and death among infectious diseases, and continuous efforts are needed to improve diagnostic tools and therapy. Previous published studies showed that the absolute cells number of monocytes or lymphocytes in peripheral blood or yet the ratio of monocytes to lymphocytes displayed the ability to predict the risk of active TB. In the present study we evaluated the ratio of monocytes to lymphocytes variation and we also analyzed the ex-vivo expression of CD64 on monocytes as tools to identify biomarkers for discriminating TB stages. Significant differences were found when the average ratio of monocytes to lymphocytes of active TB patients was compared with latent TB infection (LTBI) subjects, cured TB and healthy donors (HD). By the receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve analysis the cut-off value of 0.285, allowed the discrimination of active TB from HD, with a sensitivity of 91.04% and a specificity of 93.55% (95% of confidence interval: 0.92-0.99). The ROC curve analysis comparing TB patients and LTBI groups, led to a sensitivity and the specificity of the assay of 85.07% and 85.71%, respectively (95% of confidence interval: 0.85 to 0.96). The upregulation of CD64 expression on circulating monocytes in active TB patients could represent an additional biomarker for diagnosis of active TB. In conclusion, we found that the ML ratio or monocyte absolute count or phenotypic measures show predictive value for active TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pio La Manna
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research(CLADIBIOR), Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Policlinico P. Giaccone, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Orlando
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research(CLADIBIOR), Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Policlinico P. Giaccone, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Dieli
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research(CLADIBIOR), Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Policlinico P. Giaccone, Palermo, Italy
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Di Carlo
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Cascio
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gilda Cuzzi
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Palmieri
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
| | - Delia Goletti
- Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
| | - Nadia Caccamo
- Central Laboratory of Advanced Diagnosis and Biomedical Research(CLADIBIOR), Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Policlinico P. Giaccone, Palermo, Italy
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Biesen R, Rose T, Hoyer BF, Alexander T, Hiepe F. Autoantibodies, complement and type I interferon as biomarkers for personalized medicine in SLE. Lupus 2016; 25:823-9. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203316640922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can be a mysterious disease, presenting with extremely divergent clinical phenotypes. Already, biomarkers are very helpful tools for diagnosis, assessment and monitoring of disease activity, differential diagnosis of clinical manifestations, prediction of the disease course and stratified therapy, and they hold the key to personalized medicine in SLE. We summarize the clinical information that can only be supplied by autoantibodies, complement components and interferon biomarkers in this diverse disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Biesen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Rose
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - B F Hoyer
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Alexander
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - F Hiepe
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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18
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Chan RCF, Kotner JS, Chuang CMH, Gaur A. Stabilization of pre-optimized multicolor antibody cocktails for flow cytometry applications. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2016; 92:508-524. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Amitabh Gaur
- Custom Technology Team, BD Biosciences; San Diego California
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Quast I, Cueni F, Nimmerjahn F, Tackenberg B, Lünemann JD. Deregulated Fcγ receptor expression in patients with CIDP. NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2015; 2:e148. [PMID: 26380354 PMCID: PMC4547878 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the expression of activating and inhibitory Fc-gamma receptors (FcγRs) before and during clinically effective therapy with IV immunoglobulin (IVIg) in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). Methods: Peripheral blood leukocyte subsets, including classical CD14highCD16− and nonclassical inflammatory CD14lowCD16+ monocytes as well as naive CD19+CD27− and memory CD19+CD27+ B cells, were obtained at baseline and monitored at 2 and 4–8 weeks after initiation of IVIg therapy. Results: Compared with healthy donors matched by age and sex, patients with CIDP showed increased expression levels of the activating high-affinity FcγR1 on CD14highCD16− (p < 0.001) and CD14lowCD16+ monocytes (p < 0.001). Expression of the activating low-affinity FcγRIIA was increased on CD14lowCD16+ monocytes (p = 0.023). Conversely, expression of the inhibitory FcγRIIB was reduced on naive (p = 0.009) and memory (p = 0.002) B cells as well as on CD14highCD16− monocytes (p = 0.046). Clinically effective IVIg therapy partially restored deregulated FcγR expression on B cell subsets and monocytes. Conclusions: The FcγR regulatory system is disturbed in patients with CIDP. Balancing activating vs inhibitory FcγR expression might provide a clinical benefit for patients with CIDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaak Quast
- Institute of Experimental Immunology (I.Q., F.C., J.D.L.), Department of Neuroinflammation, University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Biology (F.N.), Institute of Genetics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.T.), University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany; and Department of Neurology (J.D.L.), University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Flavio Cueni
- Institute of Experimental Immunology (I.Q., F.C., J.D.L.), Department of Neuroinflammation, University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Biology (F.N.), Institute of Genetics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.T.), University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany; and Department of Neurology (J.D.L.), University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Falk Nimmerjahn
- Institute of Experimental Immunology (I.Q., F.C., J.D.L.), Department of Neuroinflammation, University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Biology (F.N.), Institute of Genetics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.T.), University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany; and Department of Neurology (J.D.L.), University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Björn Tackenberg
- Institute of Experimental Immunology (I.Q., F.C., J.D.L.), Department of Neuroinflammation, University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Biology (F.N.), Institute of Genetics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.T.), University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany; and Department of Neurology (J.D.L.), University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan D Lünemann
- Institute of Experimental Immunology (I.Q., F.C., J.D.L.), Department of Neuroinflammation, University of Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Biology (F.N.), Institute of Genetics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Department of Neurology (B.T.), University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany; and Department of Neurology (J.D.L.), University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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