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Lau JS, Lust CAC, Lecques JD, Hillyer LM, Mountjoy M, Kang JX, Robinson LE, Ma DWL. n-3 PUFA ameliorate functional outcomes following repetitive mTBI in the fat-1 mouse model. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1410884. [PMID: 39070251 PMCID: PMC11272621 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1410884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Repeated mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) are a continuing healthcare concern worldwide, given its potential for enduring adverse neurodegenerative conditions. Past research suggests a potential protective effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in experimental models of mTBI. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the neuroprotective benefits of n-3 PUFA persist following repetitive weight drop injury (WDI). Methods Male fat-1 mice (n = 12), able to endogenously convert n-6 PUFA to n-3 PUFA, and their wild type (WT) counterparts (n = 12) were maintained on a 10% w/w safflower diet. At 9-10 weeks of age, both groups received one mild low-impact WDI on the closed cranium daily, for three consecutive days. Following each WDI, time to righting reflex and seeking behaviour were measured. Neurological recovery, cognitive, motor, and neurobehavioural outcomes were assessed using the Neurological Severity Score (NSS) over 7 days (168 h) post-last WDI. Brains were assessed for cerebral microhemorrhages by Prussian blue and cellular damage by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) staining. Results Fat-1 mice exhibited significantly faster righting reflex and seeking behaviour time, and lower mean NSS scores and at all post-WDI time points (p ≤ 0.05) compared to WT mice. Immunohistochemistry showed no significant difference in presence of cerebral microhemorrhage however, fat-1 mice had significantly lower GFAP staining in comparison to WT mice (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion n-3 PUFA is effective in restoring cognitive, motor, and behavioural function after repetitive WDI, which may be mediated through reduced cellular damage of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessi S. Lau
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Cody A. C. Lust
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Lyn M. Hillyer
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Margo Mountjoy
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jing X. Kang
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lindsay E. Robinson
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - David W. L. Ma
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Tang SJ, Holle J, Dadario NB, Ryan M, Lesslar O, Teo C, Sughrue M, Yeung J. Personalized, parcel-guided non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of post-concussive syndrome: safety and proof of concept. Brain Inj 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38965876 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2371975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the safety and proof of concept of a parcel-guided, repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in patients who develop a heterogeneous array of symptoms, known collectively as post-concussive syndrome (PCS), following traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS We performed a retrospective review of off-label, individualized, parcel-guided rTMS in 19 patients from December 2020 to May 2023. Patients had at least one instance of mild, moderate, or severe TBI and developed symptoms not present prior to injury. rTMS targets were identified based on machine learning connectomic software using functional connectivity anomaly matrices compared to healthy controls. EuroQol (EQ-5D), as a measurement of quality of life, and additional questionnaires dependent on individual's symptoms were submitted prior to, after, and during follow-up from rTMS. RESULTS Nineteen patients showed improvement in EQ-5D and Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaires - 3 after treatment and follow-up. For nine patients who developed depression, five (55%) attained response and remission based on the Beck Depression Inventory after treatment. Eight of ten patients with anxiety had a clinically significant reduction in Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scores during follow-up. CONCLUSION Parcel-guided rTMS is safe and may be effective in reducing PCS symptoms following TBI and should incite further controlled studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Jie Tang
- School of Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA
| | | | - Nicholas B Dadario
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jacky Yeung
- Cingulum Health, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine institution, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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3
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Asmussen L, Frey BM, Frontzkowski LK, Wróbel PP, Grigutsch LS, Choe CU, Bönstrup M, Cheng B, Thomalla G, Quandt F, Gerloff C, Schulz R. Dopaminergic mesolimbic structural reserve is positively linked to better outcome after severe stroke. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae122. [PMID: 38712322 PMCID: PMC11073754 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The concept of brain reserve capacity has emerged in stroke recovery research in recent years. Imaging-based biomarkers of brain health have helped to better understand outcome variability in clinical cohorts. Still, outcome inferences are far from being satisfactory, particularly in patients with severe initial deficits. Neurorehabilitation after stroke is a complex process, comprising adaption and learning processes, which, on their part, are critically influenced by motivational and reward-related cognitive processes. Amongst others, dopaminergic neurotransmission is a key contributor to these mechanisms. The question arises, whether the amount of structural reserve capacity in the dopaminergic system might inform about outcome variability after severe stroke. For this purpose, this study analysed imaging and clinical data of 42 severely impaired acute stroke patients. Brain volumetry was performed within the first 2 weeks after the event using the Computational Anatomy Toolbox CAT12, grey matter volume estimates were collected for seven key areas of the human dopaminergic system along the mesocortical, mesolimbic and nigrostriatal pathways. Ordinal logistic regression models related regional volumes to the functional outcome, operationalized by the modified Rankin Scale, obtained 3-6 months after stroke. Models were adjusted for age, lesion volume and initial impairment. The main finding was that larger volumes of the amygdala and the nucleus accumbens at baseline were positively associated with a more favourable outcome. These data suggest a link between the structural state of mesolimbic key areas contributing to motor learning, motivational and reward-related brain networks and potentially the success of neurorehabilitation. They might also provide novel evidence to reconsider dopaminergic interventions particularly in severely impaired stroke patients to enhance recovery after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv Asmussen
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benedikt M Frey
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lukas K Frontzkowski
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paweł P Wróbel
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - L Sophie Grigutsch
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Chi-un Choe
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marlene Bönstrup
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- University Medical Center Leipzig, Department of Neurology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bastian Cheng
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Götz Thomalla
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fanny Quandt
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Gerloff
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Schulz
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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Moloney RA, Palliser HK, Dyson RM, Pavy CL, Berry M, Hirst JJ, Shaw JC. Ongoing effects of preterm birth on the dopaminergic and noradrenergic pathways in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of guinea pigs. Dev Neurobiol 2024; 84:93-110. [PMID: 38526217 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Children born preterm have an increased likelihood of developing neurobehavioral disorders such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxiety. These disorders have a sex bias, with males having a higher incidence of ADHD, whereas anxiety disorder tends to be more prevalent in females. Both disorders are underpinned by imbalances to key neurotransmitter systems, with dopamine and noradrenaline in particular having major roles in attention regulation and stress modulation. Preterm birth disturbances to neurodevelopment may affect this neurotransmission in a sexually dimorphic manner. Time-mated guinea pig dams were allocated to deliver by preterm induction of labor (gestational age 62 [GA62]) or spontaneously at term (GA69). The resultant offspring were randomized to endpoints as neonates (24 h after term-equivalence age) or juveniles (corrected postnatal day 40, childhood equivalence). Relative mRNA expressions of key dopamine and noradrenaline pathway genes were examined in the frontal cortex and hippocampus and quantified with real-time PCR. Myelin basic protein and neuronal nuclei immunostaining were performed to characterize the impact of preterm birth. Within the frontal cortex, there were persisting reductions in the expression of dopaminergic pathway components that occurred in preterm males only. Conversely, preterm-born females had increased expression of key noradrenergic receptors and a reduction of the noradrenergic transporter within the hippocampus. This study demonstrated that preterm birth results in major changes in dopaminergic and noradrenergic receptor, transporter, and synthesis enzyme gene expression in a sex- and region-based manner that may contribute to the sex differences in susceptibility to neurobehavioral disorders. These findings highlight the need for the development of sex-based treatments for improving these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roisin A Moloney
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Hannah K Palliser
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Rebecca M Dyson
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
- Biomedical Research Unit, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Carlton L Pavy
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Max Berry
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
- Biomedical Research Unit, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jonathon J Hirst
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Julia C Shaw
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Newcastle, Australia
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5
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Peattie ARD, Manktelow AE, Sahakian BJ, Menon DK, Stamatakis EA. Methylphenidate Ameliorates Behavioural and Neurobiological Deficits in Executive Function for Patients with Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury. J Clin Med 2024; 13:771. [PMID: 38337465 PMCID: PMC10856064 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often results in cognitive impairments, including in visuospatial planning and executive function. Methylphenidate (MPh) demonstrates potential improvements in several cognitive domains in patients with TBI. The Tower of London (TOL) is a visuospatial planning task used to assess executive function. (2) Methods: Volunteers with a history of TBI (n = 16) participated in a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, fMRI study to investigate the neurobiological correlates of visuospatial planning and executive function, on and off MPh. (3) Results: Healthy controls (HCs) (n = 18) and patients on placebo (TBI-placebo) differed significantly in reaction time (p < 0.0005) and accuracy (p < 0.0001) when considering all task loads, but especially for high cognitive loads for reaction time (p < 0.001) and accuracy (p < 0.005). Across all task loads, TBI-MPh were more accurate than TBI-placebo (p < 0.05) but remained less accurate than HCs (p < 0.005). TBI-placebo substantially improved in accuracy with MPh administration (TBI-MPh) to a level statistically comparable to HCs at low (p = 0.443) and high (p = 0.175) cognitive loads. Further, individual patients that performed slower on placebo at low cognitive loads were faster with MPh (p < 0.05), while individual patients that performed less accurately on placebo were more accurate with MPh at both high and low cognitive loads (p < 0.005). TBI-placebo showed reduced activity in the bilateral inferior frontal gyri (IFG) and insulae versus HCs. MPh normalised these regional differences. MPh enhanced within-network connectivity (between parietal, striatal, insula, and cerebellar regions) and enhanced beyond-network connectivity (between parietal, thalamic, and cerebellar regions). Finally, individual changes in cerebellar-thalamic (p < 0.005) and cerebellar-parietal (p < 0.05) connectivity with MPh related to individual changes in accuracy with MPh. (4) Conclusions: This work highlights behavioural and neurofunctional differences between HCs and patients with chronic TBI, and that adverse differences may benefit from MPh treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R. D. Peattie
- Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 93, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.E.M.); (D.K.M.)
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 165, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Anne E. Manktelow
- Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 93, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.E.M.); (D.K.M.)
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 165, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Barbara J. Sahakian
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Herchel Smith Building for Brain and Mind Sciences, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK;
| | - David K. Menon
- Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 93, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.E.M.); (D.K.M.)
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 65, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Emmanuel A. Stamatakis
- Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 93, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.E.M.); (D.K.M.)
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Box 165, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
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6
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Huang YN, Greig NH, Huang PS, Chiang YH, Hoffer A, Yang CH, Tweedie D, Chen Y, Ou JC, Wang JY. Pomalidomide Improves Motor Behavioral Deficits and Protects Cerebral Cortex and Striatum Against Neurodegeneration Through a Reduction of Oxidative/Nitrosative Damages and Neuroinflammation After Traumatic Brain Injury. Cell Transplant 2024; 33:9636897241237049. [PMID: 38483119 PMCID: PMC10943757 DOI: 10.1177/09636897241237049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuronal damage resulting from traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes disruption of neuronal projections and neurotransmission that contribute to behavioral deficits. Cellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) is an early event following TBI. ROS often damage DNA, lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates while RNS attack proteins. The products of lipid peroxidation 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and protein nitration 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) are often used as indicators of oxidative and nitrosative damages, respectively. Increasing evidence has shown that striatum is vulnerable to damage from TBI with a disturbed dopamine neurotransmission. TBI results in neurodegeneration, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, and autophagy in the striatum and contribute to motor or behavioral deficits. Pomalidomide (Pom) is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved immunomodulatory drug clinically used in treating multiple myeloma. We previously showed that Pom reduces neuroinflammation and neuronal death induced by TBI in rat cerebral cortex. Here, we further compared the effects of Pom in cortex and striatum focusing on neurodegeneration, oxidative and nitrosative damages, as well as neuroinflammation following TBI. Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to a controlled cortical impact were used as the animal model of TBI. Systemic administration of Pom (0.5 mg/kg, intravenous [i.v.]) at 5 h post-injury alleviated motor behavioral deficits, contusion volume at 24 h after TBI. Pom alleviated TBI-induced neurodegeneration stained by Fluoro-Jade C in both cortex and striatum. Notably, Pom treatment reduces oxidative and nitrosative damages in cortex and striatum and is more efficacious in striatum (93% reduction in 4-HNE-positive and 84% reduction in 3-NT-positive neurons) than in cerebral cortex (42% reduction in 4-HNE-positive and 55% reduction in 3-NT-positive neurons). In addition, Pom attenuated microgliosis, astrogliosis, and elevations of proinflammatory cytokines in cortical and striatal tissue. We conclude that Pom may contribute to improved motor behavioral outcomes after TBI through targeting oxidative/nitrosative damages and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ni Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
- Department of Nursing, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan City
| | - Nigel H. Greig
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pen-Sen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Yung-Hsiao Chiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Alan Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospitals of Cleveland, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chih-Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - David Tweedie
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Ju-Chi Ou
- Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Jia-Yi Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
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7
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Jammoul M, Jammoul D, Wang KK, Kobeissy F, Depalma RG. Traumatic Brain Injury and Opioids: Twin Plagues of the Twenty-First Century. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:6-14. [PMID: 37217015 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and opioid use disorder (OUD) comprise twin plagues causing considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. As interactions between TBI and OUD are to our knowledge uncharted, we review the possible mechanisms by which TBI may stimulate the development of OUD and discuss the interaction or crosstalk between these two processes. Central nervous system damage due to TBI appears to drive adverse effects of subsequent OUD and opioid use/misuse affecting several molecular pathways. Pain, a neurological consequence of TBI, is a risk factor that increases the likelihood of opioid use/misuse after TBI. Other comorbidities including depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and sleep disturbances are also associated with deleterious outcomes. We examine the hypothesis that a TBI "first hit" induces a neuroinflammatory process involving microglial priming, which, on a second hit related to opioid exposure, exacerbates neuroinflammation, modifies synaptic plasticity, and spreads tau aggregates to promote neurodegeneration. As TBI also impairs myelin repair by oligodendrocytes, it may reduce or degrade white matter integrity in the reward circuit resulting in behavioral changes. Along with approaches focused on specific patient symptoms, understanding the CNS effects following TBI offers a promise of improved management for individuals with OUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Jammoul
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dareen Jammoul
- Anesthesiology Department, Lebanese American University Medical Center-Rizk Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Kevin K Wang
- Center for Neurotrauma, MultiOmics & Biomarkers, Department of Neurobiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Center for Neurotrauma, MultiOmics & Biomarkers, Department of Neurobiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Ralph G Depalma
- Office of Research and Development, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC; Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
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8
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Freire MAM, Rocha GS, Bittencourt LO, Falcao D, Lima RR, Cavalcanti JRLP. Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology of Traumatic Brain Injury: What Have We Learned So Far? BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1139. [PMID: 37627023 PMCID: PMC10452099 DOI: 10.3390/biology12081139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of long-lasting morbidity and mortality worldwide, being a devastating condition related to the impairment of the nervous system after an external traumatic event resulting in transitory or permanent functional disability, with a significant burden to the healthcare system. Harmful events underlying TBI can be classified into two sequential stages, primary and secondary, which are both associated with breakdown of the tissue homeostasis due to impairment of the blood-brain barrier, osmotic imbalance, inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and apoptotic cell death, ultimately resulting in a loss of tissue functionality. The present study provides an updated review concerning the roles of brain edema, inflammation, excitotoxicity, and oxidative stress on brain changes resulting from a TBI. The proper characterization of the phenomena resulting from TBI can contribute to the improvement of care, rehabilitation and quality of life of the affected people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Aurelio M. Freire
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró 59607-360, RN, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Sousa Rocha
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró 59607-360, RN, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Oliveira Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-900, PA, Brazil
| | - Daniel Falcao
- VCU Health Systems, Virginia Commonwealth University, 23219 Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-900, PA, Brazil
| | - Jose Rodolfo Lopes P. Cavalcanti
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró 59607-360, RN, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró 59607-360, RN, Brazil
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9
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Sattari S, Kenny R, Liu CC, Hajra SG, Dumont GA, Virji-Babul N. Blink-related EEG oscillations are neurophysiological indicators of subconcussive head impacts in female soccer players: a preliminary study. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1208498. [PMID: 37538402 PMCID: PMC10394644 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1208498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Repetitive subconcussive head impacts can lead to subtle neural changes and functional consequences on brain health. However, the objective assessment of these changes remains limited. Resting state blink-related oscillations (BROs), recently discovered neurological responses following spontaneous blinking, are explored in this study to evaluate changes in BRO responses in subconcussive head impacts. Methods We collected 5-min resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) data from two cohorts of collegiate athletes who were engaged in contact sports (SC) or non-contact sports (HC). Video recordings of all on-field activities were conducted to determine the number of head impacts during games and practices in the SC group. Results In both groups, we were able to detect a BRO response. Following one season of games and practice, we found a strong association between the number of head impacts sustained by the SC group and increases in delta and beta spectral power post-blink. There was also a significant difference between the two groups in the morphology of BRO responses, including decreased peak-to-peak amplitude of response over left parietal channels and differences in spectral power in delta and alpha frequency range post-blink. Discussion Our preliminary results suggest that the BRO response may be a useful biomarker for detecting subtle neural changes resulting from repetitive head impacts. The clinical utility of this biomarker will need to be validated through further research with larger sample sizes, involving both male and female participants, using a longitudinal design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Sattari
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rebecca Kenny
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Careesa Chang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Science, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, United States
| | - Sujoy Ghosh Hajra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Science, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, United States
| | - Guy A. Dumont
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Naznin Virji-Babul
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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10
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Ergelen M, Yalçın M, Gıynaş FF, Kurnaz S, Usta Saglam NG. Cannabis use and first onset Schizophrenia-like psychosis after traumatic brain injury in a patient with intracranial bullet. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2023.2173091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mine Ergelen
- Erenköy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry and Neurological Diseases, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Yalçın
- Erenköy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry and Neurological Diseases, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikret Ferzan Gıynaş
- Erenköy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry and Neurological Diseases, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Samet Kurnaz
- Erenköy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry and Neurological Diseases, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazife Gamze Usta Saglam
- Erenköy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry and Neurological Diseases, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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11
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Aychman MM, Goldman DL, Kaplan JS. Cannabidiol's neuroprotective properties and potential treatment of traumatic brain injuries. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1087011. [PMID: 36816569 PMCID: PMC9932048 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1087011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) has numerous pharmacological targets that initiate anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiepileptic properties. These neuroprotective benefits have generated interest in CBD's therapeutic potential against the secondary injury cascade from traumatic brain injury (TBI). There are currently no effective broad treatment strategies for combating the damaging mechanisms that follow the primary injury and lead to lasting neurological consequences or death. However, CBD's effects on different neurotransmitter systems, the blood brain barrier, oxidative stress mechanisms, and the inflammatory response provides mechanistic support for CBD's clinical utility in TBI. This review describes the cascades of damage caused by TBI and CBD's neuroprotective mechanisms to counter them. We also present challenges in the clinical treatment of TBI and discuss important future clinical research directions for integrating CBD in treatment protocols. The mechanistic evidence provided by pre-clinical research shows great potential for CBD as a much-needed improvement in the clinical treatment of TBI. Upcoming clinical trials sponsored by major professional sport leagues are the first attempts to test the efficacy of CBD in head injury treatment protocols and highlight the need for further clinical research.
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12
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Snegireva N, Derman W, Patricios J, Welman KE. Blink duration is increased in concussed youth athletes: a validity study using eye tracking in male youth and adult athletes of selected contact sports. Physiol Meas 2022; 43. [PMID: 35709708 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ac799b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diagnosing a sports-related concussion (SRC) remains challenging, and research into diagnostic tools is limited. This study investigated whether selected eye tracking variables would be a valid tool to diagnose and monitor SRC in adult and youth participants in selected contact sports, such as Rugby Union (rugby) and football (soccer). METHODS This prospective cohort study, with 70 concussed and 92 non-concussed adult and youth athletes, assessed the validity of five previously selected eye tracking variables for SRC diagnostics and management. The performance between concussed and age-matched control (non-concussed) athletes, as well as between three successive testing sessions in the concussed athletes were compared. Self-paced saccade count in adult group; blink duration in the memory-guided saccade and sinusoidal smooth pursuit tasks, proportion of antisaccade errors, and gain of diagonal smooth pursuit in the youth group were assessed. RESULTS The youth concussed group had higher blink duration in the fast memory-guided saccades task (p = 0.001, η2 = 0.17) and a tendency for higher blink duration in the sinusoidal smooth pursuit task (p = 0.016, η2 = 0.06) compared to the youth control group. In both tasks the blink duration in the concussed youth group decreased from session 1 to session 2 by 24% and 18%, accordingly, although statistical significance was not reached. The concussed adult group demonstrated a lower number of self-paced saccades compared to controls (p = 0.05, η2 = 0.09), which gradually increased, with the largest difference between session 1 and session 3 (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Blink duration in youth athletes holds promise as a valid metric for concussion diagnostics and monitoring. It is recommended to focus future studies on comparing eye tracking performance within the same concussed athletes over time rather than comparing them to healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Snegireva
- Sports Science, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Suidwal Road, Coetzenburg, Cape Town, Western Cape, 7601, SOUTH AFRICA
| | - Wayne Derman
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Francie Van Zijl Dr, Parow, Cape Town, Western Cape, 7505, SOUTH AFRICA
| | - Jon Patricios
- Wits Institute for Sport and Health, University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, 27 St Andrews Rd, Parktown, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2193, SOUTH AFRICA
| | - Karen Estelle Welman
- Sports Science, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Suidwal Road, Coetzenburg, Cape Town, Western Cape, 7601, SOUTH AFRICA
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13
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Lucena LLN, Briones MVA. Effect of Cerebrolysin in severe traumatic brain injury: A multi-center, retrospective cohort study. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2022; 216:107216. [PMID: 35344761 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients with nonoperative lesions are known to have a poorer prognosis. Recent and ongoing clinical studies have been exploring the utility of Cerebrolysin in improving patient outcomes among TBI patients; however, few studies are available on the effect of Cerebrolysin among nonoperative severe TBI patients. OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of Cerebrolysin as add-on therapy to the standard medical decompression protocol for nonoperative severe TBI patients. METHODS The study employed a retrospective cohort design and included 87 severe TBI patients on admission. In addition to the current medical decompression protocol, 42 patients received 30 ml/day Cerebrolysin for 14 days, followed by a subsequent 10 ml/day dosage for another 14 days. The control group included 45 patients who received the standard decompression protocol only. Stata MP version 16 was used for data analysis. RESULTS Compared to the control group, a significantly higher proportion of patients who received Cerebrolysin treatment achieved a favourable outcome at Day 21 post-TBI (50% vs. 87%; p < 0.00001) and GOS ≥ 4 (18% vs. 39%; p = 0.043). The mean length of hospital stay was approximately seven days shorter in the Cerebrolysin group (25.61 days vs. 31.92 days; p < 0.00001), and a significantly lower proportion of Cerebrolysin patients had a LOS ≥ 30 days (Cerebrolysin: 13%; Control: 51%; p < 0.0001). No significant group differences were seen in the 28-day mortality rate. CONCLUSION Cerebrolysin is beneficial for severe TBI patients with nonoperative lesions as evidenced by stronger improvement in GCS/GOS and shorter length of hospital stay than standard treatment alone.
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14
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Gao L, Xue Q, Gong S, Li G, Tong W, Fan M, Chen X, Yin J, Song Y, Chen S, Huang J, Wang C, Dong Y. Structural and Functional Alterations of Substantia Nigra and Associations With Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms Following Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Neurol 2022; 13:719778. [PMID: 35449518 PMCID: PMC9017679 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.719778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Although there are a certain number of studies dedicated to the disturbances of the dopaminergic system induced by traumatic brain injury (TBI), the associations of abnormal dopaminergic systems with post-traumatic anxiety and depressive disorders and their underlying mechanisms have not been clarified yet. In the midbrain, dopaminergic neurons are mainly situated in the substantia nigra (SN) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Thus, we selected SN and VTA as regions of interest and performed a seed-based global correlation to evaluate the altered functional connectivity throughout the dopaminergic system post-TBI. Methods Thirty-three individuals with TBI and 21 healthy controls were recruited in the study. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were examined by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. All MRI data were collected using a Siemens Prisma 3.0 Tesla MRI system. The volume of SN and the global functional connectivity of the SN and VTA were analyzed. Results In the present study, patients with TBI reported more anxiety and depressive symptoms. More importantly, some structural and functional alterations, such as smaller SN and reduced functional connectivity in the left SN, were seen in individuals with TBI. Patients with TBI had smaller substantia nigra on both right and left sides, and the left substantia nigra was relatively small in contrast with the right one. Among these findings, functional connectivity between left SN and left angular gyrus was positively associated with post-traumatic anxiety symptoms and negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusions The TBI causes leftward lateralization of structural and functional alterations in the substantia nigra. An impaired mesocortical functional connectivity might be implicated in post-traumatic anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shun Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Gaoyi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Putuo District, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wusong Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingxia Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianzhen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingrong Huang
- Psychology Honors Program, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Chengbin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Clinical Medicine Scientific and Technical Innovation Park, Shanghai, China
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15
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Procès A, Luciano M, Kalukula Y, Ris L, Gabriele S. Multiscale Mechanobiology in Brain Physiology and Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:823857. [PMID: 35419366 PMCID: PMC8996382 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.823857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that mechanics play a critical role in regulating brain function at different scales. Downstream integration of mechanical inputs into biochemical signals and genomic pathways causes observable and measurable effects on brain cell fate and can also lead to important pathological consequences. Despite recent advances, the mechanical forces that influence neuronal processes remain largely unexplored, and how endogenous mechanical forces are detected and transduced by brain cells into biochemical and genetic programs have received less attention. In this review, we described the composition of brain tissues and their pronounced microstructural heterogeneity. We discuss the individual role of neuronal and glial cell mechanics in brain homeostasis and diseases. We highlight how changes in the composition and mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix can modulate brain cell functions and describe key mechanisms of the mechanosensing process. We then consider the contribution of mechanobiology in the emergence of brain diseases by providing a critical review on traumatic brain injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and neuroblastoma. We show that a better understanding of the mechanobiology of brain tissues will require to manipulate the physico-chemical parameters of the cell microenvironment, and to develop three-dimensional models that can recapitulate the complexity and spatial diversity of brain tissues in a reproducible and predictable manner. Collectively, these emerging insights shed new light on the importance of mechanobiology and its implication in brain and nerve diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Procès
- Mechanobiology and Biomaterials group, Interfaces and Complex Fluids Laboratory, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium.,Neurosciences Department, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Marine Luciano
- Mechanobiology and Biomaterials group, Interfaces and Complex Fluids Laboratory, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Yohalie Kalukula
- Mechanobiology and Biomaterials group, Interfaces and Complex Fluids Laboratory, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Laurence Ris
- Neurosciences Department, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Sylvain Gabriele
- Mechanobiology and Biomaterials group, Interfaces and Complex Fluids Laboratory, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
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16
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Marin C, Fuentes M, Alobid I, Tubita V, Rojas-Lechuga MJ, Mullol J. Olfactory Bulb Excitotoxicity as a Gap-Filling Mechanism Underlying the Link Between Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Secondary Neuronal Degeneration and Parkinson's Disease-Like Pathology. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1025-1036. [PMID: 35067829 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03503-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing preclinical and clinical data supporting a potential association between Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and Parkinson's disease (PD). It has been suggested that the glutamate-induced excitotoxicity underlying TBI secondary neuronal degeneration (SND) might be associated with further development of PD. Interestingly, an accumulation of extracellular glutamate and olfactory dysfunction are both sharing pathological conditions in TBI and PD. The possible involvement of glutamate excitotoxicity in olfactory dysfunction has been recently described, however, the role of olfactory bulbs (OB) glutamate excitotoxicity as a possible mechanism involved in the association between TBI and PD-related neurodegeneration has not been investigated yet. We examined the number of nigral dopaminergic neurons (TH +), nigral α-synuclein expression, the striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) expression, and motor performance after bilateral OB N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA)-induced excitotoxic lesions in rodents. Bulbar NMDA administration induced a decrease in the number of correct choices in the discrimination tests one week after lesions (p < 0.01) and a significant decrease in the number of nigral DAergic neurons (p < 0.01) associated with an increase in α-synuclein expression (p < 0.01). No significant striatal changes in DAT expression or motor alterations were observed. Our results show an association between TBI-induced SND and PD-related neurodegeneration suggesting that the OB excitotoxicity occurring in TBI SND may be a filling gap mechanism underlying the link between TBI and PD-like pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepció Marin
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mireya Fuentes
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isam Alobid
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain.,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Valeria Tubita
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - María Jesús Rojas-Lechuga
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain.,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joaquim Mullol
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain. .,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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17
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Eye tracking to assess concussions: an intra-rater reliability study with healthy youth and adult athletes of selected contact and collision team sports. Exp Brain Res 2021; 239:3289-3302. [PMID: 34467416 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-021-06205-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Eye movements that are dependent on cognition hold promise in assessing sports-related concussions but research on reliability of eye tracking measurements in athletic cohorts is very limited. This observational test-retest study aimed to establish whether eye tracking technology is a reliable tool for assessing sports-related concussions in youth and adult athletes partaking in contact and collision team sports. Forty-three youth (15.4 ± 2.2 years) and 27 adult (22.2 ± 2.9 years) Rugby Union and soccer players completed the study. Eye movements were recorded using SMIRED250mobile while participants completed a test battery twice, with a 1-week interval that included self-paced saccade (SPS), fixation stability, memory-guided sequence (MGS), smooth pursuit (SP), and antisaccades (AS) tasks. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), measurement error (SEM) and smallest real difference (SRD) were calculated for 47 variables. Seventeen variables achieved an ICC > 0.50. In the adults, saccade count in SPS had good reliability (ICC = 0.86, SRD = 146.6 saccades). In the youth, the average blink duration in MGS had excellent reliability (ICC = 0.99, SRD = 59.4 ms); directional errors in AS tasks and gain of diagonal SP had good reliability (ICC = 0.78 and 0.77, SRD = 25.3 and 395.1%, respectively). Four metrics were found in this study to be reliable candidates for further biomarker validity research in contact and collision sport cohorts. Many variables failed to present a sufficient level of robustness for a practical diagnostic tool; possibly, because athletic cohorts have higher homogeneity, along with latent adverse effects of undetected concussions and repetitive head impacts. Since reliability of a measure can influence type II error, effect sizes, and confidence intervals, it is strongly advocated to conduct dedicated reliability evaluations prior to any validity studies.
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18
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Cole SL, Chandra R, Harris M, Patel I, Wang T, Kim H, Jensen L, Russo SJ, Turecki G, Gancarz-Kausch AM, Dietz DM, Lobo MK. Cocaine-induced neuron subtype mitochondrial dynamics through Egr3 transcriptional regulation. Mol Brain 2021; 14:101. [PMID: 34187517 PMCID: PMC8240292 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00800-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial function is required for brain energy homeostasis and neuroadaptation. Recent studies demonstrate that cocaine affects mitochondrial dynamics and morphological characteristics within the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Further, mitochondria are differentially regulated by cocaine in dopamine receptor-1 containing medium spiny neurons (D1-MSNs) vs dopamine receptor-2 (D2)-MSNs. However, there is little understanding into cocaine-induced transcriptional mechanisms and their role in regulating mitochondrial processes. Here, we demonstrate that cocaine enhances binding of the transcription factor, early growth response factor 3 (Egr3), to nuclear genes involved in mitochondrial function and dynamics. Moreover, cocaine exposure regulates mRNA of these mitochondria-associated nuclear genes in both contingent or noncontingent cocaine administration and in both rodent models and human postmortem tissue. Interestingly, several mitochondrial nuclear genes showed distinct profiles of expression in D1-MSNs vs D2-MSNs, with cocaine exposure generally increasing mitochondrial-associated nuclear gene expression in D1-MSNs vs suppression in D2-MSNs. Further, blunting Egr3 expression in D1-MSNs blocks cocaine-enhancement of the mitochondrial-associated transcriptional coactivator, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC1α), and the mitochondrial fission molecule, dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1). Finally, reduction of D1-MSN Egr3 expression attenuates cocaine-induced enhancement of small-sized mitochondria, causally demonstrating that Egr3 regulates mitochondrial morphological adaptations. Collectively, these studies demonstrate cocaine exposure impacts mitochondrial dynamics and morphology by Egr3 transcriptional regulation of mitochondria-related nuclear gene transcripts; indicating roles for these molecular mechanisms in neuronal function and plasticity occurring with cocaine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L Cole
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Rm S265, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Ramesh Chandra
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Rm S265, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Maya Harris
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Rm S265, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Ishan Patel
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Rm S265, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Torrance Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Rm S265, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Hyunjae Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Rm S265, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Leah Jensen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Rm S265, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Scott J Russo
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences At the Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Amy M Gancarz-Kausch
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Research Institution On Addictions, State University of New York At Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, CA, USA
| | - David M Dietz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Research Institution On Addictions, State University of New York At Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mary Kay Lobo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II Rm S265, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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19
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Verduzco-Mendoza A, Carrillo-Mora P, Avila-Luna A, Gálvez-Rosas A, Olmos-Hernández A, Mota-Rojas D, Bueno-Nava A. Role of the Dopaminergic System in the Striatum and Its Association With Functional Recovery or Rehabilitation After Brain Injury. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:693404. [PMID: 34248494 PMCID: PMC8264205 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.693404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Disabilities are estimated to occur in approximately 2% of survivors of traumatic brain injury (TBI) worldwide, and disability may persist even decades after brain injury. Facilitation or modulation of functional recovery is an important goal of rehabilitation in all patients who survive severe TBI. However, this recovery tends to vary among patients because it is affected by the biological and physical characteristics of the patients; the types, doses, and application regimens of the drugs used; and clinical indications. In clinical practice, diverse dopaminergic drugs with various dosing and application procedures are used for TBI. Previous studies have shown that dopamine (DA) neurotransmission is disrupted following moderate to severe TBI and have reported beneficial effects of drugs that affect the dopaminergic system. However, the mechanisms of action of dopaminergic drugs have not been completely clarified, partly because dopaminergic receptor activation can lead to restoration of the pathway of the corticobasal ganglia after injury in brain structures with high densities of these receptors. This review aims to provide an overview of the functionality of the dopaminergic system in the striatum and its roles in functional recovery or rehabilitation after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Verduzco-Mendoza
- Ph.D. Program in Biological and Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
- Division of Biotechnology-Bioterio and Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paul Carrillo-Mora
- Division of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alberto Avila-Luna
- Division of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arturo Gálvez-Rosas
- Division of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Olmos-Hernández
- Division of Biotechnology-Bioterio and Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniel Mota-Rojas
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonio Bueno-Nava
- Division of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
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20
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Shakil S, Masjoan Juncos JX, Mariappan N, Zafar I, Amudhan A, Amudhan A, Aishah D, Siddiqui S, Manzoor S, Santana CM, Rumbeiha WK, Salim S, Ahmad A, Ahmad S. Behavioral and Neuronal Effects of Inhaled Bromine Gas: Oxidative Brain Stem Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6316. [PMID: 34204780 PMCID: PMC8231550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk of accidental bromine (Br2) exposure to the public has increased due to its enhanced industrial use. Inhaled Br2 damages the lungs and the heart; however, adverse effects on the brain are unknown. In this study, we examined the neurological effects of inhaled Br2 in Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were exposed to Br2 (600 ppm for 45 min) and transferred to room air and cage behavior, and levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in plasma were examined at various time intervals. Bromine exposure resulted in abnormal cage behavior such as head hitting, biting and aggression, hypervigilance, and hyperactivity. An increase in plasma GFAP and brain 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) content also was observed in the exposed animals. Acute and delayed sympathetic nervous system activation was also evaluated by assessing the expression of catecholamine biosynthesizing enzymes, tryptophan hydroxylase (TrpH1 and TrpH2), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TyrH), along with an assessment of catecholamines and their metabolites. TyrH was found to be increased in a time-dependent manner. TrpH1 and TrpH2 were significantly decreased upon Br2 exposure in the brainstem. The neurotransmitter content evaluation indicated an increase in 5-HT and dopamine at early timepoints after exposure; however, other metabolites were not significantly altered. Taken together, our results predict brain damage and autonomic dysfunction upon Br2 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Shakil
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Juan Xavier Masjoan Juncos
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Nithya Mariappan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Iram Zafar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Apoorva Amudhan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Archita Amudhan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Duha Aishah
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Simmone Siddiqui
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Shajer Manzoor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Cristina M. Santana
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Wilson K. Rumbeiha
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Samina Salim
- Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA;
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Shama Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.S.); (J.X.M.J.); (N.M.); (I.Z.); (A.A.); (A.A.); (D.A.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (A.A.)
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21
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Ranadive N, Arora D, Nampoothiri M, Mudgal J. Sirtuins, a potential target in Traumatic Brain Injury and relevant experimental models. Brain Res Bull 2021; 171:135-141. [PMID: 33781858 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can simply be defined as a violent external injury to the head causing brain dysfunction. The primary injury occurs immediately on impact whereas the secondary injury begins minutes to months after impact. TBI affects a vast majority of population worldwide yet, there isn't any therapeutic intervention available. Sirtuins (SIRTs) are important regulator proteins found in humans. In several neurodegenerative diseases, SIRTs have proven its neuroprotective actions. Owing to the pathophysiological similarities in these diseases and TBI, SIRTs may serve as a potential target for therapeutic intervention in TBI. This review aims to describe the relevance of SIRTs as a potential pharmacological target in TBI. Also, the experimental animal model of TBI explored to understand the role of SIRTs in TBI have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraja Ranadive
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Devinder Arora
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, MHIQ, QUM Network, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayesh Mudgal
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
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22
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Marin C, Langdon C, Alobid I, Mullol J. Olfactory Dysfunction in Traumatic Brain Injury: the Role of Neurogenesis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2020; 20:55. [PMID: 32648230 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-020-00949-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Olfactory functioning disturbances are common following traumatic brain injury (TBI) having a significant impact on quality of life. A spontaneous recovery of the olfactory function over time may occur in TBI patients. Although there is no standard treatment for patients with posttraumatic olfactory loss, olfactory training (OT) has shown some promise beneficial effects. However, the mechanisms underlying spontaneous recovery and olfactory improvement induced by OT are not completely known. RECENT FINDINGS The spontaneous recovery of the olfactory function and the improvement of olfactory function after OT have recently been associated with an increase in subventricular (SVZ) neurogenesis and an increase in olfactory bulb (OB) glomerular dopaminergic (DAergic) interneurons. In addition, after OT, an increase in electrophysiological responses at the olfactory epithelium (OE) level has been reported, indicating that recovery of olfactory function not only affects olfactory processing at the central level, but also at peripheral level. However, the role of OE stem cells in the spontaneous recovery and in the improvement of olfactory function after OT in TBI is still unknown. In this review, we describe the physiology of the olfactory system, and the olfactory dysfunction after TBI. We highlight the possible role for the SVZ neurogenesis and DAergic OB interneurons in the recovery of the olfactory function. In addition, we point out the relevance of the OE neurogenesis process as a future target for the research in the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the olfactory dysfunction in TBI. The potential of basal stem cells as a promising candidate for replacement therapies is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepció Marin
- INGENIO, IRCE, Department 2B, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Cristóbal Langdon
- INGENIO, IRCE, Department 2B, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain.,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Isam Alobid
- INGENIO, IRCE, Department 2B, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain.,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joaquim Mullol
- INGENIO, IRCE, Department 2B, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain. .,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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23
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Tang H, Zhu Q, Li W, Qin S, Gong Y, Wang H, Shioda S, Li S, Huang J, Liu B, Fang Y, Liu Y, Wang S, Guo Y, Xia Q, Guo Y, Xu Z. Neurophysiology and Treatment of Disorders of Consciousness Induced by Traumatic Brain Injury: Orexin Signaling as a Potential Therapeutic Target. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:4208-4220. [PMID: 31663471 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191029101830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can cause disorders of consciousness (DOC) by impairing the neuronal circuits of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) structures, including the hypothalamus, which are responsible for the maintenance of the wakefulness and awareness. However, the effectiveness of drugs targeting ARAS activation is still inadequate, and novel therapeutic modalities are urgently needed. METHODS The goal of this work is to describe the neural loops of wakefulness, and explain how these elements participate in DOC, with emphasis on the identification of potential new therapeutic options for DOC induced by TBI. RESULTS Hypothalamus has been identified as a sleep/wake center, and its anterior and posterior regions have diverse roles in the regulation of the sleep/wake function. In particular, the posterior hypothalamus (PH) possesses several types of neurons, including the orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus (LH) with widespread projections to other wakefulness-related regions of the brain. Orexins have been known to affect feeding and appetite, and recently their profound effect on sleep disorders and DOC has been identified. Orexin antagonists are used for the treatment of insomnia, and orexin agonists can be used for narcolepsy. Additionally, several studies demonstrated that the agonists of orexin might be effective in the treatment of DOC, providing novel therapeutic opportunities in this field. CONCLUSION The hypothalamic-centered orexin has been adopted as the point of entry into the system of consciousness control, and modulators of orexin signaling opened several therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of DOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Tang
- Acupuncture Research Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiumei Zhu
- Acupuncture Research Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Li
- Acupuncture Research Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Siru Qin
- Acupuncture Research Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yinan Gong
- Acupuncture Research Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Acu-moxibustion and Tuina Department, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Seiji Shioda
- Peptide Drug Innovation, Global Research Center for Innovative Life Science, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Shanshan Li
- Acupuncture Research Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Acupuncture Research Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Baohu Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Fang
- Acupuncture Research Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Acu-moxibustion and Tuina Department, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Acupuncture Research Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Acu-moxibustion and Tuina Department, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shenjun Wang
- Acupuncture Research Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Acu-moxibustion and Tuina Department, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongming Guo
- Acupuncture Research Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Acu-moxibustion and Tuina Department, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Xia
- Acu-moxibustion and Tuina Department, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Acupuncture Research Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhifang Xu
- Acupuncture Research Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Acu-moxibustion and Tuina Department, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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24
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Selvakumar GP, Ahmed ME, Iyer SS, Thangavel R, Kempuraj D, Raikwar SP, Bazley K, Wu K, Khan A, Kukulka K, Bussinger B, Zaheer S, Burton C, James D, Zaheer A. Absence of Glia Maturation Factor Protects from Axonal Injury and Motor Behavioral Impairments after Traumatic Brain Injury. Exp Neurobiol 2020; 29:230-248. [PMID: 32565489 PMCID: PMC7344375 DOI: 10.5607/en20017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes disability and death, accelerating the progression towards Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD). TBI causes serious motor and cognitive impairments, as seen in PD that arise during the period of the initial insult. However, this has been understudied relative to TBI induced neuroinflammation, motor and cognitive decline that progress towards PD. Neuronal ubiquitin-C-terminal hydrolase- L1 (UCHL1) is a thiol protease that breaks down ubiquitinated proteins and its level represents the severity of TBI. Previously, we demonstrated the molecular action of glia maturation factor (GMF); a proinflammatory protein in mediating neuroinflammation and neuronal loss. Here, we show that the weight drop method induced TBI neuropathology using behavioral tests, western blotting, and immunofluorescence techniques on sections from wild type (WT) and GMF-deficient (GMF-KO) mice. Results reveal a significant improvement in substantia nigral tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter expression with motor behavioral performance in GMF-KO mice following TBI. In addition, a significant reduction in neuroinflammation was manifested, as shown by activation of nuclear factor-kB, reduced levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase- 2 expressions. Likewise, neurotrophins including brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial-derived neurotrophic factor were significantly improved in GMF-KO mice than WT 72 h post-TBI. Consistently, we found that TBI enhances GFAP and UCHL-1 expression and reduces the number of dopaminergic TH-positive neurons in WT compared to GMF-KO mice 72 h post-TBI. Interestingly, we observed a reduction of THpositive tanycytes in the median eminence of WT than GMF-KO mice. Overall, we found that absence of GMF significantly reversed these neuropathological events and improved behavioral outcome. This study provides evidence that PD-associated pathology progression can be initiated upon induction of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindhasamy Pushpavathi Selvakumar
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Mohammad Ejaz Ahmed
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Shankar S Iyer
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Ramasamy Thangavel
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Duraisamy Kempuraj
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Sudhanshu P Raikwar
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Kieran Bazley
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Kristopher Wu
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Asher Khan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Klaudia Kukulka
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Bret Bussinger
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Smita Zaheer
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | | | | | - Asgar Zaheer
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
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25
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Balasubramanian N, Srivastava A, Pawar N, Sagarkar S, Sakharkar AJ. Repeated mild traumatic brain injury induces persistent variations in mitochondrial DNA copy number in mesocorticolimbic neurocircuitry of the rat. Neurosci Res 2020; 155:34-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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26
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Li W, Chang C, Liang S, Bigler ED. Radiographic and neurobehavioral profile of sports-related concussion associated with scholastic wrestling: a case report. Neurocase 2020; 26:147-155. [PMID: 32412324 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2020.1764977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Sports-related concussions (SRCs) are typically characterized by transient neurologic deficits due to physiologic and metabolic brain injury. However, following an SRC, subsequent insults may lead to severe and permanent injury in the affected brain cells. We present the case of a 15-year-old female scholastic wrestler who developed acute encephalopathy, macroscopic white matter injury on imaging, and chronic behavioral changes from inadequate neuro-recovery after a documented SRC. We also compare her case with established SRC data, demonstrating that wrestling-related concussions and repetitive head impacts can produce similar degrees of diffuse neuroinflammation, myelinated axonopathy, blood-brain barrier disruption, and post-concussive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Li
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis , Sacramento, USA
| | - Celia Chang
- Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of California Davis , Sacramento, USA
| | - Shannon Liang
- Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of California Davis , Sacramento, USA
| | - Erin D Bigler
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis , Sacramento, USA.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Research Facility, Brigham Young University , Provo, USA.,Department of Neurology and Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, USA
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27
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Abstract
ABSTRACT:Cannabidiol (CBD) has been generating increasing interest in medicine due to its therapeutic properties and an apparent lack of negative side effects. Research has suggested that high dosages of CBD can be taken acutely and chronically with little to no risk. This review focuses on the neuroprotective effects of a CBD, with an emphasis on its implications for recovering from a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) or concussion. CBD has been shown to influence the endocannabinoid system, both by affecting cannabinoid receptors and other receptors involved in the endocannabinoid system such as vanilloid receptor 1, adenosine receptors, and 5-hydroxytryptamine via cannabinoid receptor-independent mechanisms. Concussions can result in many physiological consequences, potentially resulting in post-concussion syndrome. While impairments in cerebrovascular and cardiovascular physiology following concussion have been shown, there is unfortunately still no single treatment available to enhance recovery. CBD has been shown to influence the blood brain barrier, brain-derived neurotrophic factors, cognitive capacity, the cerebrovasculature, cardiovascular physiology, and neurogenesis, all of which have been shown to be altered by concussion. CBD can therefore potentially provide treatment to enhance neuroprotection by reducing inflammation, regulating cerebral blood flow, enhancing neurogenesis, and protecting the brain against reactive oxygen species. Double-blind randomized controlled trials are still required to validate the use of CBD as medication following mild TBIs, such as concussion.
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28
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Stovicek PO, Friedmann C, Marinescu D, Văduva IA, Bondari S, Trifu SC, Marinescu I. Mild TBI in the elderly - risk factor for rapid cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MORPHOLOGIE ET EMBRYOLOGIE 2020; 61:61-72. [PMID: 32747896 PMCID: PMC7728108 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.61.1.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, traumatic brain injury (TBI) has become one of the most important health problems worldwide and is a major cause of morbidity, mortality and economic losses. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is less considered, with clinical underestimation leading to an epidemiological underevaluation of its incidence. Many of the signs and symptoms induced by mTBI are difficult to highlight clinically, especially those related to cognitive, behavioral, or emotional impairment. The complexity of the biological mechanisms induced by mTBI in the elderly determines synchronous pathogenic actions in which the vascular, inflammatory and neurodegenerative elements are intertwined. It is difficult to highlight a major pathogenic factor, since they act simultaneously, multimodally, in a real pathogenic cascade. The identification of mTBI and cerebral vascular changes by neuroimaging techniques, transcranial Doppler (TCD) or biological markers, suggests a potential prophylactic intervention by using neuroprotective factors as early as possible. Proper prophylaxis measures with neurotrophic treatment, rebalancing the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)∕glutamate balance and combating the chronic inflammatory process, can become important pharmacological therapeutic targets.
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29
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Abstract
Our clinical experience at a specialized brain injury clinic suggests that numerous patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) are using cannabis to alleviate their symptoms. While this patient population often inquires about the evidence of using cannabis post-head injury for the neurosensory, neurocognitive, and neuropsychiatric sequelae, most health professionals have little to no knowledge of this evidence. Given the recent legalization of recreational cannabis in Canada, questions and guidance related to cannabis use following a TBI are likely to become more common. This article reviews the evidence for cannabis use in psychiatric disorders with or without TBI. Overall, we found that the evidence for the use of cannabis among TBI patients is sparse and that patients tend to have little knowledge of the proven benefits and diverse effects of cannabis use. We feel this paper can serve as a stepping stone for future studies that explore the impact of cannabis use in a TBI population and can guide clinicians in advising their patients.
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30
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Jaiswal S, Knutsen AK, Wilson CM, Fu AH, Tucker LB, Kim Y, Bittner KC, Whiting MD, McCabe JT, Dardzinski BJ. Mild traumatic brain injury induced by primary blast overpressure produces dynamic regional changes in [18F]FDG uptake. Brain Res 2019; 1723:146400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Gallant C, Good D. Alcohol misuse and traumatic brain injury: a review of the potential roles of dopaminergic dysfunction and physiological underarousal post-injury. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT 2019; 28:501-511. [PMID: 31561716 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2019.1670181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Although many researchers have demonstrated an increase in alcohol use following traumatic brain injury (TBI), there is also a body of research indicating that alcohol misuse predisposes one to injury and precedes TBI. Accordingly, various mechanisms have been proposed (e.g., self-medication, dampened levels of arousal, dopaminergic dysfunction, etc.) and variable results have emerged. This paper reviews the empirical evidence, for and against, TBI as a risk factor for alcohol misuse. In particular, this paper focuses on the brain-behavior relationships involved and examines the roles of physiological underarousal and dopaminergic dysfunction in the development of alcohol misuse after injury. Alcohol misuse impedes community reintegration among TBI survivors and creates additional rehabilitative challenges. Thus, in order to inform and improve treatment outcomes among this vulnerable population, a deeper understanding of the neural mechanisms implicated is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn Gallant
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Dawn Good
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.,Centre for Neuroscience, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
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32
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Rosas-Hernandez H, Burks SM, Cuevas E, Ali SF. Stretch-Induced Deformation as a Model to Study Dopaminergic Dysfunction in Traumatic Brain Injury. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:2546-2555. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02872-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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33
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Vonder Haar C, Martens KM, Bashir A, McInnes KA, Cheng WH, Cheung H, Stukas S, Barron C, Ladner T, Welch KA, Cripton PA, Winstanley CA, Wellington CL. Repetitive closed-head impact model of engineered rotational acceleration (CHIMERA) injury in rats increases impulsivity, decreases dopaminergic innervation in the olfactory tubercle and generates white matter inflammation, tau phosphorylation and degeneration. Exp Neurol 2019; 317:87-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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34
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Lan YL, Li S, Lou JC, Ma XC, Zhang B. The potential roles of dopamine in traumatic brain injury: a preclinical and clinical update. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:2616-2631. [PMID: 31217842 PMCID: PMC6556629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death and disability, particularly among the young and the elderly. Several therapeutic options have been investigated, including drug interventions or combinational therapies. Although many drugs have shown promising results in the preclinical stage, all have failed in large clinical trials. Targeting the dopamine system is a novel TBI approach that provides benefits to functional outcomes. TBI could damage the dopaminergic system. Alterations in dopamine levels can impact cellular dysfunction and central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. Experimental evidence suggests that dopamine should be considered a first-line treatment to protect cerebral autoregulation and promote cerebral outcomes in TBI. Furthermore, investigation of dopamine-related genetic factors in relation to injury severity could also be of great significance for promoting TBI treatment. Importantly, various clinical lines of evidence have indicated that many dopamine agonists are beneficial when administered following injury in TBI patients. However, side effects of dopamine treatment prevent their use in TBI treatment, and there is a need for ongoing large, prospective, double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with these medications by the use of standardized criteria and outcomes to fully understand their effectiveness in this patient group. Here, we review the roles of dopamine in TBI and discuss the role that dopaminergic therapies have in neuroprotective strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Long Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen People’s HospitalShenzhen, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, China
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, China
| | - Shao Li
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Lou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen People’s HospitalShenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Chi Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen People’s HospitalShenzhen, China
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Ko J, Hemphill M, Yang Z, Beard K, Sewell E, Shallcross J, Schweizer M, Sandsmark DK, Diaz-Arrastia R, Kim J, Meaney D, Issadore D. Multi-Dimensional Mapping of Brain-Derived Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNA Biomarker for Traumatic Brain Injury Diagnostics. J Neurotrauma 2019; 37:2424-2434. [PMID: 30950328 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.6220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis and prognosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is complicated by variability in the type and severity of injuries and the multiple endophenotypes that describe each patient's response and recovery to the injury. It has been challenging to capture the multiple dimensions that describe an injury and its recovery to provide clinically useful information. To address this challenge, we have performed an open-ended search for panels of microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers, packaged inside of brain-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), that can be combined algorithmically to accurately classify various states of injury. We mapped GluR2+ EV miRNA across a variety of injury types, injury intensities, history of injuries, and time elapsed after injury, and sham controls in a pre-clinical murine model (n = 116), as well as in clinical samples (n = 36). We combined next-generation sequencing with a technology recently developed by our lab, Track Etched Magnetic Nanopore (TENPO) sorting, to enrich for GluR2+ EVs and profile their miRNA. By mapping and comparing brain-derived EV miRNA between various injuries, we have identified signaling pathways in the packaged miRNA that connect these biomarkers to underlying mechanisms of TBI. Many of these pathways are shared between the pre-clinical model and the clinical samples, and present distinct signatures across different injury models and times elapsed after injury. Using this map of EV miRNA, we applied machine learning to define a panel of biomarkers to successfully classify specific states of injury, paving the way for a prognostic blood test for TBI. We generated a panel of eight miRNAs (miR-150-5p, miR-669c-5p, miR-488-3p, miR-22-5p, miR-9-5p, miR-6236, miR-219a.2-3p, miR-351-3p) for injured mice versus sham mice and four miRNAs (miR-203b-5p, miR-203a-3p, miR-206, miR-185-5p) for TBI patients versus healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Ko
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew Hemphill
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zijian Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kryshawna Beard
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emily Sewell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jamie Shallcross
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Melissa Schweizer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Danielle K Sandsmark
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ramon Diaz-Arrastia
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Junhyong Kim
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Meaney
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Issadore
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Besagar S, Radabaugh HL, Bleimeister IH, Meyer EA, Niesman PJ, Cheng JP, Bondi CO, Kline AE. Aripiprazole and environmental enrichment independently improve functional outcome after cortical impact injury in adult male rats, but their combination does not yield additional benefits. Exp Neurol 2019; 314:67-73. [PMID: 30659800 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Typical antipsychotic drugs (APDs) with D2antagonistic properties impede functional outcome after experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI) and reduce the effectiveness of environmental enrichment (EE). Here we test the hypothesis that aripiprazole (ARIP), an atypical APD with partial D2and 5-HT1Areceptor agonist activities will improve recovery after TBI and when combined with EE will further enhance the benefits. Anesthetized adult male rats received either a controlled cortical impact of moderate severity or sham injury and then were randomly assigned to EE or standard (STD) housing and once daily intraperitoneal injections of ARIP (0.1 mg/kg) or vehicle (VEH; 1.0 mL/kg) beginning 24 h after injury for 19 days. Motor (beam-walking time and beam-walk score) and cognitive (acquisition of spatial learning and memory) outcomes were assessed on post-operative days 1-5 and 14-19, respectively. Cortical lesion volume was quantified on day 21. There were no statistical differences among the sham groups, regardless of housing or treatment, so the data were pooled. The SHAM group performed better than all TBI groups on motor and spatial learning (p < 0.05) but did not differ from either EE group on memory retention. Regarding TBI, both EE groups improved motor and cognitive outcomes vs. the VEH-treated STD group (p < 0.05) but did not differ from one another (p > 0.05). The ARIP-treated STD group performed better than the VEH-treated STD group on beam-walk score and spatial learning (p < 0.05), but not beam-walking time or memory retention (p > 0.05). Cortical lesion volume was smaller in all treated groups compared to the TBI + STD + VEH group (p < 0.05). The data replicate previous work and extend the findings by demonstrating that 1) ARIP promotes recovery after TBI, but combining treatments does not yield additional benefits, which is contrary to the hypothesis, and 2) unlike APDs that exhibit D2 receptor antagonism, ARIP does not impede rehabilitation (i.e., EE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya Besagar
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Hannah L Radabaugh
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Isabel H Bleimeister
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Meyer
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Peter J Niesman
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Jeffrey P Cheng
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Corina O Bondi
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Anthony E Kline
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.
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Auffret M, Drapier S, Vérin M. New tricks for an old dog: A repurposing approach of apomorphine. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 843:66-79. [PMID: 30395851 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Apomorphine is a 150-year old nonspecific dopaminergic agonist, currently indicated for treating motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease. At the era of drug repurposing, its pleiotropic biological functions suggest other possible uses. To further explore new therapeutic and diagnostic applications, the available literature up to July 2018 was reviewed using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. As many of the retrieved articles consisted of case reports and preclinical studies, we adopted a descriptive approach, tackling each area of research in turn, to give a broad overview of the potential of apomorphine. Apomorphine may play a role in neurological diseases like restless legs syndrome, Huntington's chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and disorders of consciousness, but also in sexual disorders, neuroleptic malignant(-like) syndrome and cancer. Further work is needed in both basic and clinical research; current developments in novel delivery strategies and apomorphine derivatives are expected to open the way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Auffret
- Behavior and Basal Ganglia Research Unit (EA 4712), University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Rennes, France.
| | - Sophie Drapier
- Behavior and Basal Ganglia Research Unit (EA 4712), University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Rennes, France; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Marc Vérin
- Behavior and Basal Ganglia Research Unit (EA 4712), University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France; Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Rennes, France; Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France
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Chen YH, Kuo TT, Huang EYK, Hoffer BJ, Kao JH, Chou YC, Chiang YH, Miller J. Nicotine-Induced Conditional Place Preference Is Affected by Head Injury: Correlation with Dopamine Release in the Nucleus Accumbens Shell. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 21:949-961. [PMID: 29905798 PMCID: PMC6165954 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyy055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury is known to impact dopamine-mediated reward pathways, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully established. METHODS Nicotine-induced conditional place preference was used to study rats exposed to a 6-psi fluid percussion injury with and without prior exposure to nicotine. Preference was quantified as a score defined as (C1 - C2) / (C1 + C2), where C1 is time in the nicotine-paired compartment and C2 is time in the saline-paired compartment. Subsequent fast-scan cyclic voltammetry was used to analyze the impact of nicotine infusion on dopamine release in the shell portion of the nucleus accumbens. To further determine the influence of brain injury on nicotine withdrawal, nicotine infusion was administered to the rats after fluid percussion injury. The effects of fluid percussion injury on conditional place preference after prior exposure to nicotine and abstinence or withdrawal from nicotine were also assessed. RESULTS After traumatic brain injury, dopamine release was reduced in the nucleus accumbens shell, and nicotine-induced conditional place preference preference was significantly impaired. Preference scores of control, sham-injured, and fluid percussion injury groups were 0.1627±0.04204, 0.1515±0.03806, and -0.001300±0.04286, respectively. Nicotine-induced conditional place preference was also seen in animals after nicotine pretreatment, with a conditional place preference score of 0.07805±0.02838. Nicotine preexposure substantially increased tonic dopamine release in sham-injured animals, but it did not change phasic release; nicotine exposure after fluid percussion injury enhanced phasic release, though not to the same levels seen in sham-injured rats. Conditioned preference was related not only to phasic dopamine release (r=0.8110) but also to the difference between tonic and phasic dopamine levels (r=0.9521). CONCLUSIONS Traumatic brain injury suppresses dopamine release from the shell portion of the nucleus accumbens, which in turn significantly alters reward-seeking behavior. These results have important implications for tobacco and drug use after traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Hao Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C,Correspondence: Yuan-Hao Chen, MD, PhD, 4F, No. 325, 2nd Sec., Cheng-Kung Rd., Neihu Dist., Taipei City, 114, Taiwan, R.O.C.()
| | - Tung-Tai Kuo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C,Graduate Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C,Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Eagle Yi-Kung Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Barry J Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jen-Hsin Kao
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yung-Hsiao Chiang
- Graduate Program on Neuroregeneration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jonathan Miller
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
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