Latent profile analysis of nurses' moral courage: a professional values perspective

INTRODUCTION

Nurses' moral courage (NMC) enhances care quality and patient safety. Nurses' professional values promote ethical adherence, moral obligation fulfillment, and compliance to prevent ethical violations. It is necessary to explore the current status and influencing factors of moral courage from the perspective of professional values.

AIM

To investigate the current situation of nurses' moral courage, analyze the latent profiles of nurses' moral courage, and explore the influencing factors from the perspective of professional values.

RESEARCH DESIGN

A cross-sectional design was employed.

PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT

Data were collected through convenient sampling at a tertiary hospital during May 2023 in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. A self-designed web-based questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics, the Chinese Nurses' Professional Values Scale-Revised Version (NPVS-R-CV) and the Nurses' Moral Courage Scale (NMCS) were used for the cross-sectional survey. Latent profile analysis was conducted using the results of 3 explicit indexes of NMCS, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of NMC.

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

Research ethics approval (with the code of TJ- IRB 20220543) was obtained from Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology.

FINDINGS

This study included 966 nurses, predominantly female and under 30 years old, with 91.10% holding a bachelor's degree. Latent profile analysis identified three moral courage profiles: low-level (31.5%), medium-level (47.2%), and high-level (21.3%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed significant positive correlations between professional values and moral courage, with head nurses being significantly more likely to exhibit high moral courage (OR = 3.586, p = 0.013).

CONCLUSIONS

The moral courage of nurses can be classified into 3 subgroups. Nurses' professional values positively correlate with moral courage, with head nurses showing significantly higher levels of moral courage. Strengthening professional values through training can enhance ethical behavior in nursing, potentially improving patient care and safety.

The growth of nursing professional values - A grounded theory

BACKGROUND

The formation of nursing professional values is crucial to the development of the nursing profession, but it is influenced by various factors. The process of shaping nursing professional values in different growth contexts has been overlooked. In order to establish professional values in the context of Chinese nursing, it is necessary to investigate the evolution of nursing professional values throughout history.

PURPOSE

To develop a theory of professional values growth from a nursing context. Design: This study adopted a grounded theory approach from Strauss and Corbin.

PARTICIPANTS

From November 2021 to March 2022, a total of 33 participants were included.

METHODS

Data were collected using a semi-structured interview over telephone or online or face to face and were analysed using open, axial, and selective coding, with the help of MAXQDA 2020.

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the China Medical University. All participants signed the informed consent and agreed to be interviewed before the study.

FINDINGS

The study has developed a theoretical construct of nursing professional values growth that consists of five dimensions: key aspects, decisive opportunities, drivers, embodiment, and shaping outcomes. And key aspects include four subcategories (the initial stage, the consciousness stage, the core stage, and the action stage). Decisive opportunities come from organisations and individuals. Drivers consist of social culture and self-trait, and embodiment covers two subcategories (humanism and ethical emotions). The last dimension is shaping outcomes, which consists of three subcategories (maintaining the original intention, professionalism, and instilling professional values).

DISCUSSION

The theory demonstrates the individual development process of nursing professional values in different interactive contexts, the context of its interaction with social and personal values is revealed, and the dynamics and mechanisms of the formation of personal psychological qualities in professional values from a nursing context are discovered.

CONCLUSIONS

This theory reveals the mechanisms that shape nursing professional values and can provide guidance for the growth of nursing students' professional values.

Inspirational Professional Practice Model Redesign Using Shared Decision-Making

An integrated health system including 12 hospitals, an expansive network of ambulatory settings, and health insurance plans began a systematic review of the existing nursing professional practice model (PPM) created in 2007 to assess current relevancy. The goal was to determine PPM concepts and imagery that represent present-day nursing workforce. This article shares how a formal review of literature, utilization of focus groups, and system-wide shared decision-making influenced creation and evaluation of a revised PPM.

Professional values gained in postgraduate nursing education from the perspectives of master's and doctorate graduates: A mixed-methods study

AIM

To determine the professional values of graduates of master's and doctoral programs in nursing and their views on the contribution of postgraduate education to their professional values.

BACKGROUND

In postgraduate education, which is an important catalyst of professional identity development, a professional is expected to specialize in a field, get into more depth professionally, internalize professional values, and reflect and strengthen these values. To shed light on this expectation, more information is needed to assess the impact of postgraduate education on professional values.

METHODS

A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was used. Data were collected for the quantitative part of the study for 385 graduates of postgraduate nursing education programs in Turkey who were selected using the snowball sampling method, while the maximum variation sampling method was used to collect data from 12 individuals for the qualitative part of the study. The Nurses Professional Values Scale (NPVS) and a Semi-Structured Interview Form were used to collect data in October-December 2022. The quantitative data obtained in the study were analyzed using the SPSS software, and the qualitative data were analyzed using the MAXQDA software.

RESULTS

The mean total NPVS score of the participants was 130.32 ± 21.34 (possible range: 31-155). Among all dimensions, the highest mean score of the participants was in the caring dimension, followed by professionalism and activism. There were significant differences in the NPVS total and subscale scores of the participants based on their views on the contributions of age, institution where they worked, marital status, position at work, and postgraduate education to the acquisition of professional values. In the qualitative dimension of the study, two main themes were identified. One of these themes was the theme of professional values in postgraduate nursing education that covered the categories of professional values gained through postgraduate education, professional values that a nurse who has completed postgraduate education should have, and professional values in postgraduate nursing education. The second theme was the theme named recommendations for providing nurses with professional values through postgraduate education. The integration of data from both components indicated that the qualitative interviews enriched the quantitative findings.

CONCLUSION

It was concluded that postgraduate nursing education programs contribute greatly to the professional values of graduates and strengthen their professional values.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY

For the future of nursing, increasing professional strengths and visibility is significantly associated with professional values. This situation requires nurses with strong professional values. Graduate education programs in nursing should be developed in this direction and focus on development of professional values.

Perception and needs: a qualitative study on sense of job security among nurses in central and western China

AIMS

To explore nurses' perceptions of sense of job security and their needs to improve it.

DESIGN

A descriptive qualitative study employed an in-depth, in-person interview from February to April in 2021. The data analysis software NVivo V.11.0 was used to assist with the data organisation, and content analysis methods were conducted to explore key concepts.

SETTING

Three tertiary hospitals in central and western China were selected by convenience sampling method.

PARTICIPANTS

A total of 20 nurses participated in this study.

RESULTS

Four categories and 13 subcategories were extracted. The four main categories included: (1) enrich connotation of sense of job security; 2) challenges to sense of job security; (3) consequences of a sense of insecurity; and (4) the need to improve nurses' sense of job security.

CONCLUSIONS

Nurses expressed a multidimensional perception of a sense of security about the nursing profession, and they highlighted the importance of communication skills training and supervisors' humanistic care and support. It is necessary to improve the training system for nurses' ability improvement, a harmonious work environment, policies and psychological health support to enhance their sense of job security.

The Managerial Role and Psychosocial Factors of Job Satisfaction: A Cross-sectional Study Among Wittyfit's Users

OBJECTIVE

Job satisfaction is an emerging indicator for measuring workers' occupational well-being; however, this has been poorly studied in managers. We aimed to explore job satisfaction between managers and employees and assess its factors.

METHODS

Data from Wittyfit's users were collected between January 2018 and February 2020. Volunteers anonymously provided their sociodemographic profile, their sense of job satisfaction, and their psychosocial feelings (ambiance, meaning, organization, recognition, values, work-life balance).

RESULTS

Data of 10,484 employees and 836 managers were collected. Job satisfaction was higher in managers than employees. All psychosocial factors had an impact on job satisfaction in workers. There was a higher prevalence of satisfied managers than employees. Managerial position and other sociodemographic variables influenced this prevalence.

CONCLUSIONS

Managers seem to be more satisfied than employees. Psychosocial and sociodemographic factors can influence workers' job satisfaction.

Psychometric testing of the Indonesian version of the Nurses' Ethical Behavior in Protecting Patients' Rights (I-NEBPPR) scale

Background

Nurses routinely encounter ethical dilemmas with patients and healthcare professionals. Therefore, it is crucial for them to be conscious of ethical principles and apply them in their decision-making processes. However, no specific questionnaire is available to assess nurses' ethical conduct in Indonesia.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the Nurses' Ethical Behavior in Protecting Patients' Rights (I-NEBPPR) scale.

Methods

Following the World Health Organization's guidelines and utilizing the WHODAS 2.0 translation package, the NEBPPR was translated into Bahasa Indonesia and underwent a rigorous translation and adaptation process. Data were collected between October and November 2022 and included 283 Indonesian nurses as participants. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to evaluate construct validity. Convergent validity, discriminant validity, and reliability were also performed for comprehensive evaluation. IBM SPSS statistics version 27.0 and AMOS 24.0 were used for statistical analysis.

Results

Five items were excluded from the original versions, forming five subscales that include a combined total of 23 items. The subscales are as follows: Factor 1 (Respect for right to information and decision), Factor 2 (Providing fair care), Factor 3 (Providing benefit-not harming), Factor 4 (Respect for patient values and choices), and Factor 5 (Attention to privacy). The I-NEBPPR model demonstrated robust construct validity with factor loadings ranging from 0.453 to 0.871. CFA showed satisfactory model fit indices (χ2/df = 1.554 (p <0.001), GFI = 0.906, CFI = 0.929, IFI = 0.930, RMSEA = 0.044). Reliability metrics were solid, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.819 and composite reliability exceeding 0.6. Both convergent validity, as indicated by AVE, and discriminant validity, as confirmed by the Fornell-Larcker criterion, met established thresholds.

Conclusion

It is affirmed that the 23-item I-NEBPPR demonstrated strong psychometric properties, making it a valuable, practical, and time-efficient tool for nurse supervisors, nurse managers, and nurse leaders to assess nurses' clinically-based ethical behavior in their efforts to protect patient's rights.

Professional Values and Self-Reported Clinical Competence of Acute Care Nurses in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

BACKGROUND

Professional values are the foundation of nursing practice. Current research evidence on the influence of professional values on clinical competence among acute care nurses in the clinical area is lacking.

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to examine the professional values and self-reported clinical competence among acute care nurses.

METHODS

This quantitative study used a cross-sectional, correlational design. A convenience sample of 403 nurses was recruited to answer the survey utilizing the Nurses Professional Values Scale-3 and the Nurse Competence Scale. The Pearson correlation coefficient was computed to test the relationship between study variables, and a stepwise multiple regression analysis was then performed to investigate the predictors of nurses' professional values and clinical competence.

RESULTS

The professional value of "caring" received the highest mean score, followed by "professionalism", while the factor "activism" was rated the lowest. Education was a significant predictor of all three factors of professional values. For clinical competence, "managing situations" was rated as the highest dimension, while "ensuring quality" was rated as the lowest. Moderate positive correlations were revealed between the three factors of professional values and all dimensions of nurses' clinical competence. Area of practice and "activism" were the only significant predictors of the nurses' clinical competence.

CONCLUSIONS

Nurses perceived all three factors of professional values with high importance in influencing their clinical competence. These findings can contribute to the development of educational interventions to improve and sustain professional values and clinical competence among acute care nurses.

Effect of moral sensitivity on professional values of undergraduate nursing students: Mediating effect of empathic tendency

BACKGROUND

The development of professional values in nursing students is an important issue for the nursing profession. However, the research on nursing students' professional values and its related factors is very limited.

PURPOSE

This cross-sectional and correlational study aimed to examine the mediating effect of empathy between moral sensitivity and professional values.

METHODS

This study was conducted with 328 second, third and fourth-year students. The participants completed an online survey consisting of the student information form, Modified Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire for Student Nurses, Empathic Tendency Scale and Nursing Professional Values Scale.

RESULTS

The results showed that moral sensitivity affected undergraduate nursing students' professional values not only directly but also indirectly through empathic tendency.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of the study show that moral sensitivity and empathic tendency support the acquisition of professional values in undergraduate nursing students. Nurse educators needs to realize that can be improved professional values by integrating moral sensitivity and empathic tendency in their curriculum.

The Social Values of Nursing Staff and the Perceived Quality of Their Professional Lives

This study's main purpose involves exploring the relationship between the social values of nursing staff and the perception they have of their professional lives. A further aim is to examine how their terms of employment and tenure of service relate to the quality of their careers and their social values. The research consisted of a non-experimental quantitative approach of a descriptive nature involving 380 nursing staff at four public hospitals in Madrid (Spain). The values were appraised by means of the Schwarz Value Survey (SVS) and the quality of their careers was measured through the Quality of Professional Life (QPL-35) questionnaire. The results reveal significant correlations between the two, highlighting the significance of such values as universalism, benevolence, achievement and power depending on their terms of employment, on the one hand, and all the values in the Schwartz model according to the length of their tenure on the other. The findings suggest that terms of employment and tenure are significantly related to the axiological profile of nursing staff and the quality of their professional lives. This study provides major empirical evidence that contributes to our understanding of how social values and the quality of professional lives are interwoven within the field of nursing in Spain.

The effect of individual values on self-esteem and meaning in life in adolescents: A cross-sectional study from Turkey

AIM

This study aimed to determine the effect of personal values on self-esteem and meaning in life in adolescents.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted with 404 adolescents in Turkey. The data were collected with the "Portrait Values Questionnaire" (PVQ), the "Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale" (RSE), and the "Meaning in Life Questionnaire" (MLQ) between September and December 2021. Descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of the data, and multivariate correlation and regression analyses were performed. The STROBE checklist was used for reporting.

RESULTS

The mean PVQ score was 4.84 ± 0.59, indicating good individual values. The mean RSES score was 1.86 ± 0.62, showing moderate self-esteem. The mean MLQ score was 4.24 ± 1.17, indicating a moderate meaning in life. There was a positive relationship between the PVQ scores of the adolescents and their RSE and MLQ. PVQ was a positive predictor of RSE and MLQ in these adolescents.

CONCLUSIONS

This study revealed that adolescents have good individual values, and moderate self-esteem and meaning in life. Individual values have a positive effect on adolescents' self-esteem and meaning in life. Future studies are expected to explore how personal values affect self-esteem and meaning in life in adolescents using longitudinal study data. Understanding how adolescents' personal values affect self-esteem and well-being can contribute to the development of further strategies to increase adolescents' self-esteem and happiness levels.

Health and social care workers' professional values: A cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND

Professional values create a basis for successful collaboration and person-centred care in integrated care and services. Little is known about how different health and social care workers assess their professional values.

RESEARCH AIM

To describe and compare professional value orientation among different health and social care workers in Finland.

RESEARCH DESIGN

A quantitative cross-sectional study.

PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT

We carried out an online survey of health and social care workers from 8 March to 31 May 2022, using the Finnish version of the Nurses' Professional Values Scale-3. The data were analysed using descriptive and advanced statistics.

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

Permission was received from all participating organizations and those who completed the survey provided informed consent.

RESULTS

A total of 1823 health and social care workers, representing seven professional groups and students, took part. The overall level of professional values among the participants was relatively high. Commitment to providing patients and clients with equal care was more important than engaging with society and professional responsibilities in the work environment. Professional values were strongest among professionals with higher educational degrees and training in professional ethics. The same was true for workers who received organizational support for ethical practice, were satisfied with their work and had shorter work experience.

DISCUSSION

Our results showed shared professional values among different health and social care workers and students. These results are meaningful for integrated care and services. At the same time, a clear need for strengthening engagement with society and professional responsibilities for developing work environments were identified.

CONCLUSIONS

Health and social care workers and students need training in professional ethics and organizational support for ethical practice and work satisfaction to maintain their professional values at different stages of their career.

Professional values and nursing care quality: A descriptive study

BACKGROUND

Professional values are important in promoting healthy work environments, patient satisfaction, and quality of care. Magnet® hospitals are recognized for excellence in nursing care and as such, understanding the relationship between nurses' values and Magnet status is essential as healthcare organizations seek to improve patient outcomes.

RESEARCH QUESTION/AIM/OBJECTIVES

The research question is: are there differences in individual values, professional values, and nursing care quality for nurses and nurse managers practicing in Magnet, Magnet journey, and non-Magnet direct patient care settings?

RESEARCH DESIGN

This descriptive cross-sectional study is guided and informed by the conceptual framework of the Professional Values Model including individual values, professional values, and nursing care quality.

PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT

Convenience sampling of registered nurses and nurse managers, responsible for direct patient care, was utilized in a non-profit healthcare system in the Midwest region of the United States.

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

Institutional review board approval was obtained. Participants were informed about the right to self-determine participation and assurance of anonymity.

FINDINGS

827 (n = 827) nurses and nurse managers responded to the survey. Significant differences were identified in individual values sub-scale: self-enhancement (p = 0.38), professional values (p = 0.037), practice environment: participation in hospital affairs (p = 0.00), foundations for quality care (p = 0.016), and resources adequacy (p = 0.012) and in nurse sensitive HCAHPS questions: nurses explained things understandably (p = 0.00), got help as soon as wanted (p = 0.00), and treated with courtesy and respect (p = 0.00).

DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS

Findings indicate that fostering individual and professional values may impact nursing practice, regardless of Magnet designation. Promoting professional values may contribute to improved work environments, enhancing patient satisfaction. Study results offer valuable insights for organizations striving to enhance nursing values, impacting quality of care provided to patients.

MESH TERMS

Cross-Sectional Studies, Respect, Ethics Committees, Patient Satisfaction, Nurse Administrators, and Personal Satisfaction.

Professional Values of Undergraduate Students at a Nursing School in South Africa

Background

Nursing schools play an important role in instilling nursing professional values in undergraduate nursing students and ensuring that they produce professional nurse graduates. Several studies in various countries have been conducted to describe the professional values held by nursing students, but this has not been explored in detail in South Africa.

Aim

The purpose of this study was to describe the professional values held by undergraduate degree students at a nursing school in South Africa.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted. With a population of 1,233 undergraduate nursing students across four years in the degree programme at the nursing school, a sample of 294 was calculated as the representative (95% CI, 5% error, and 50% response distribution). The 26-item nurses professional values scale revision (NPVS-R) with five value dimensions was used to collect the data. Means, frequencies, and confidence intervals were used to describe the values and Mann-Whitney U tests and Kruskal-Wallis independent sample tests were used to compare the findings with the demographic characteristics.

Results

A total number of 245 respondents completed the questionnaire (response rate of 83.3%). Overall, the nurse professional value score was high (113.1 ± 13.1). The values of trust (4.46 ± 0.61), justice (4.39 ± 0.57), and caring (4.38 ± 0.55) were rated significantly higher than those of professionalism (4.23 ± 0.64) and activism (4.22 ± 0.57). First- and final-year students had significantly higher professional value scores.

Conclusion

The study results describe the professional values of undergraduate nursing students in the school and confirmed the importance of trust, justice, and caring as the key professional values in the South African setting. Clinical Relevance. Nursing education should embed and monitor nursing professional values in the curriculum. Instilling nursing professional values in undergraduate nurses during formal training programmes improves quality patient care and service delivery for clinical practice.

Predictors of Belief in Sexual Myths: An Examination in Terms of Gender, Demographic Characteristics, Religiosity, and Childhood Trauma

Objectives

Sexual myths are exaggerated beliefs that have no scientific basis. Buying into these beliefs can lead to any number of sexual dysfunctions and decreased quality of life. Therefore, it is necessary to uncover the factors associated with sexual myths and to provide remedial services for anyone struggling with them.

Methods

This study was conducted to determine the variables affecting sexual myths. Gender, demographic variables (family type, region of residence, and talking about sexuality with parents), religiosity, and childhood trauma were included as independent variables in the study. A total of 375 teacher candidates participated in the study. Data was collected using a personal information form, Sexual Myths Scale, Religiosity Scale, and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire.

Results

Descriptive analyses and linear multiple regression analysis were used in the study, and both adherence to sexual myths and experienced childhood trauma were found to be high in the teacher candidates who did not talk about sexuality with their families.

Conclusions

The results of the analysis showed that gender and religiosity were significant predictors of sexual myths. The findings were discussed in light of the literature.

Implementation and Evaluation of a Training Curriculum for Experienced Nurses in Care Coordination: The VA Rural Transitions Nurse Training Program

BACKGROUND

High-quality transitional care at discharge is essential for improved patient outcomes. Registered nurses (RNs) play integral roles in transitions; however, few receive structured training.

PURPOSE

We sought to create, implement, and evaluate an evidence-informed nursing transitional care coordination curriculum, the Transitions Nurse Training Program (TNTP).

METHODS

We conceptualized the curriculum using adult learning theory and evaluated with the New World Kirkpatrick Model. Self-reported engagement, satisfaction, acquired knowledge, and confidence were assessed using surveys. Clinical and communication skills were evaluated by standardized patient assessment and behavior sustainment via observation 6 to 9 months posttraining.

RESULTS

RNs reported high degrees of engagement, satisfaction, knowledge, and confidence and achieved a mean score of 92% on clinical and communication skills. Posttraining observation revealed skill sustainment (mean score 98%).

CONCLUSIONS

Results suggest TNTP is effective for creating engagement, satisfaction, acquired and sustained knowledge, and confidence for RNs trained in transitional care.

The relationship between professional values, ethical sensitivities and caring behaviors among nursing students: A structural equation modeling approach

AIM

To examine the relationship between professional values, ethical sensitivity and caring behaviors among nursing students and determine whether professional values play a moderator role in the relationship between ethical sensitivity and caring behaviors among nursing students.

BACKGROUND

Developing professional nursing values, ethical sensitivity and caring behaviors is critical in nursing programs from the first year to graduation to prepare students for increasingly complex and diverse work environments.

DESIGN

A cross-sectional study using structural equation modeling. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist was used.

METHODS

This study was conducted with 189 undergraduate nursing students. The study was conducted in a four-year nursing faculty in the Mediterranean region of Turkey from February to June 2022. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Nurses' Professional Values Scale, the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire and the Caring Behaviors Assessment Tool Nursing Version-Short Form.

RESULTS

We found that nursing students' perceptions of professional values and caring behaviors were high and their ethical sensitivity was moderate. Nursing students who are successful in high school have higher professional values. In addition, it was determined that nursing students who chose the nursing profession because of altruism had higher perceptions of caring behaviors. A positive relationship exists between professional values, ethical sensitivity (r = -0.258, p < 0.001) and caring behaviors (r = 0.431, p < 0.001) (p < 0.05). Professional values have a positive effect on ethical sensitivity and caring behaviors.

CONCLUSION

Professional values, ethical sensitivity and caring behaviors are relationships and professional values positively predict nursing students' ethical sensitivities and caring behaviors. As the professional value perceptions of nursing students increase, their ethical sensitivity and caring behaviors increase. Improving the curricula in a way that will improve professional values may enable nursing students to increase their ethical sensitivity and caring behaviors. The research contributes to a broader understanding of nursing education curriculum content.

Relationships between depression, self-efficacy, and professional values among Chinese oncology nurses: a multicenter cross-sectional study

OBJECTIVES

Many factors are related to oncology nurses' professional values. However, the evidence on the relevance of professional values among oncology nurses in China remains sparse. This study aims to investigate the relationship between depression, self-efficacy, and professional values among Chinese oncology nurses and analyze the mediating effect of self-efficacy on this association.

METHODS

It was a multicenter cross-sectional study designed with the STROBE guidelines. An anonymous online questionnaire recruited 2530 oncology nurses from 55 hospitals in six provinces of China between March and June 2021. Measures included self-designed sociodemographic and fully validated instruments. Pearson correlation analysis was employed to explore the associations between depression, self-efficacy, and professional values. Bootstrapping analysis by the PROCESS macro was used to examine the mediating effect of self-efficacy.

RESULTS

The total scores of depression, self-efficacy, and professional values of Chinese oncology nurses were 52.75 ± 12.62, 28.39 ± 6.33, and 101.55 ± 20.43, respectively. About 55.2% of Chinese oncology nurses were depressed. Chinese oncology nurses' professional values were generally intermediate. Their professional values were negatively related to depression and positively correlated with self-efficacy, while depression was negatively related to self-efficacy. Moreover, self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between depression and professional values, accounting for 24.8% of the total effect.

CONCLUSIONS

Depression negatively predicts self-efficacy and professional values, and self-efficacy positively predicts professional values. Meanwhile, depression in Chinese oncology nurses has an indirect effect on their professional values through self-efficacy. Nursing managers and oncology nurses themselves should develop strategies aimed at relieving depression and improving self-efficacy to strengthen their positive professional values.

The relationship between psychological contract and occupational wellbeing of mother-infant care helpers in Zhejiang Province

BACKGROUND

Mother-infant care (MIC) helpers have become an indispensable part in hospital services. In order to stabilize the MIC workforce, it is essential for administrators to have a solid understanding of what may influence occupational wellbeing. This article aims to explore how demographic characteristics and psychological contract affect occupational wellbeing among MIC helpers in Zhejiang Province, China.

METHODS

This is a quantitative, cross-sectional study with MIC helpers in obstetrics from 20 hospitals in Zhejiang Province. A questionnaire including demographic data, a psychological contract scale and an occupational wellbeing scale was used in this study. Multiple linear regression was conducted to investigate the relationships between demographic characteristics, psychological contract and occupational wellbeing.

RESULTS

This study surveyed 260 MIC helpers and found out the mean score of the psychological contract was 4.38 and the mean score of the occupational wellbeing was 4.01. Monthly income and psychological contract were significant predictors of occupational wellbeing (F = 142.167, p < 0.001), which explained 62.1% of the total amount of variance in occupational wellbeing. Psychological contract was the most important predictor of occupational wellbeing.

CONCLUSIONS

Administrators should pay attention to the effect of psychological contract on occupational wellbeing of the MIC helpers in China. Focusing on the inner needs should be considered as a strategy for stabilizing the team.

An Investigation of Surgical Nurses' Professional Values, Ethical Sensitivity and Quality of Care: A Cross-Sectional Study From Northwest Turkey

Nurses' professional values are closely associated with their ethical sensitivity and the quality of nursing care. The aim of this study was to determine surgical nurses' perceptions of their professional values, ethical sensitivities and quality of care, the relationship between these variables, and the factors influencing these. The sample of this cross-sectional, descriptive and relational study consisted of 231 nurses working in the surgical units of two university hospitals and a training and research hospital. The study revealed a statistically significant negative relationship between the nurses' professional values scale median score and the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire median score, and a positive significant relationship between the Nurses' Professional Values Scale median score and the Care Behaviors Scale median score. Having ethical problems in their professional lives increased the ethical sensitivity of nurses, while having a medical-vocational high school and vocational school of health services degree and participation in training/meetings about professional values and ethics increased the perception of the quality of nursing care. Awareness of professional values is crucial in providing quality nursing care that is in line with ethical principles; therefore, it is recommended that the continuity of surgical nurses' participation in training/meetings on professional values and ethics be ensured, that they be supported to become members of professional associations, and that supportive working environments be provided to improve the quality of nursing care.

How do ethically competent nurses behave in clinical nursing practice? A qualitative study

AIM

This study explored how ethically competent nurses behave in clinical nursing practice.

BACKGROUND

Nurses' ethical competency is crucial in nursing practice as it promotes patients' safety and quality of care.

METHODS

Using a purposive sampling technique, 20 clinical nurses in South Korea were interviewed via an online video platform. The data were analysed using a thematic analysis based on phenomenological approach.

RESULTS

The main theme found among the participating nurses' ethical competency was caring beyond egocentrism, with two subthemes: (1) patient-centred care based on compassion and (2) responsible behaviour based on nursing professionalism. Factors that enabled this included (1) reasonable work conditions, (2) interpersonal relationships, and (3) nurses' rich personal experiences.

CONCLUSIONS

Nurses' ethical competency depends on how far they can move away from their own egocentrism and act for their clients' benefit, wherein an appropriate workload and warm human relationships with one's colleagues are essential. Nurses should thus receive education on ethics and professionalism and participate in volunteer and leisure activities that cultivate their degree of empathy.

IMPLICATION FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT

Nursing leaders and managers should understand nurses' ethical competency and its enabling factors to devise effective strategies to promote it.

Factors affecting nurses' professional values: A comprehensive integrative review

OBJECTIVES

Values should inform the care every nurse provides. Professional values equally affect patient care and organizational outcomes. In addition, they aid in forming a basis for moral judgments. The aim of this review is to elucidate the whole spectrum of factors affecting the development of nurses' professional values.

DESIGN

An integrative review approach was chosen.

DATA SOURCE

The review included searches in four databases - MEDLINE Complete, CINAHL Plus, ERIC, and Scopus - from January 2015 to November 2021, 572 articles were screened resulting in 35 quantitative and qualitative articles that met the inclusion criteria and passed the critical appraisal.

RESULT

Five major themes and subthemes emerged from the review: Individual determinants was the first theme. Education was the second theme. Experience was the third theme. The fourth theme was nurses' values perceptions. The final theme dealt with the impact of role models.

CONCLUSION

Understanding the power of nursing values as an effective influencer of nursing practice is important because nurses' values can ensure high-quality care and strengthen the professional brand.

How important is altruism to nursing students?

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to identify the altruism levels of nursing students and the affecting factors.

BACKGROUND

Altruism is important for nursing students who are at the beginning of their careers as it is characterized by other-oriented feelings such as compassion and empathy.

METHODS

The study was carried out as descriptive research. A total of 1200 nursing students studying at the nursing faculty of a state university in Turkey constituted the population of the study. The sample of the study consisted of 558 students. The data of the study were collected on January-February 2020. Data were collected by the researchers with the "Student Information Form" and the "Altruism Scale." Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS program.

RESULTS

The main scores of the subdimensions were found to be as follows: "Participating in Volunteer Activities," 24.51 ± 6.50; "Helping Financially," 23.56 ± 5.01; "Helping in Traumatic Situations," 25.68 ± 3.68; "Caring for the 'Elderly/Sick,'" 16.54 ± 3.25; "Helping Based on Physical Strength," 19.55 ± 4.21; "Helping in the Education Process," 19.68 ± 3.72; and "Helping from a Sense of Closeness," 21.06 ± 3.34. The total mean score of the Altruism Scale was found to be 150.59 ± 24.16. The altruism levels of nursing students were found to be at a high level. In addition, the altruism levels of the students who were female, studying in the fourth grade, has an income less than their expenses, felt belonging to the profession, and read books were found to be higher compared to the others.

Prediction of ethical decision making with professional values in senior nursing students

PURPOSE

This study investigated whether the professional values of nursing students can predict their ethical decision-making levels.

DESIGN AND METHODS

The study used a descriptive and cross-sectional research design. The study sample consisted of 130 senior nursing students. The data were collected from the Student Information Form, Nursing Professional Values Scale, and Nursing Dilemma Test (NDT). The data were evaluated using Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.

FINDINGS

A significant correlation was found between students' professional values and their mean PLT total scores (p < 0.01). Also, a negative correlation was found between students' professional values and the total mean practical thinking scores (p < 0.01). Professional values of the students explained 21.2% of the total PLT score and 0.08% of the total practical thinking score.

CONCLUSION

The professional values of the students affect their principal and practical thinking skills in ethical dilemmas.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE

It is recommended to discuss the ethical dilemmas observed or experienced by the students in their clinical practice in the field, increase the awareness of the students, and teach them how to deal with ethical dilemmas.

Development of a Professional Practice Nursing Model for a University Nursing School and Teaching Hospital: A nursing methodology research

AIM

The aim of the study was to describe the process of developing a Professional Practice Model by a Nursing School and Nursing Department of University Hospital.

DESIGN AND METHOD (S)

This is a descriptive nursing methodology research, developed along three stages: preliminary, empirical and validation. The empirical phase used qualitative and quantitative methodology. 28 teachers from the nursing school and nurses from the hospital participated. We defined the elements of the nursing meta-paradigm from narratives and focus group. Then, we extracted propositions regarding the nature of nursing from the relationship between the meta-paradigm elements, which concluded in the core elements.

RESULTS

The core elements of this nursing professional practice model are nursing seeks the well-being of the person, family or group; nursing is total and global, person-centred; nursing is compassionate; nursing entails up-to-date, quality scientific, technical and human competencies; nursing is delivered in a teaching hospital environment, with a Christian ethical perspective.

The effect of applying the nursing process based on the Theory of Goal Attainment on activities of daily living and quality of life in persons with multiple sclerosis during COVID-19 pandemic: a clinical trial

BACKGROUND

The chronic nature of multiple sclerosis (MS) affects patient's activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QOL). Nursing interventions based on patients' active participation in goal-setting can be beneficial in improving ADL and QOL.

AIMS

This study aimed to determine the effect of applying the nursing process based on King's Theory of Goal Attainment (TGA) on ADL and QOL of persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

In this clinical trial, 70 patients referred to the MS Society of Hamadan, Iran, were recruited using the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned into 2 groups. A 4-stage TGA was developed and implemented for the intervention group for a month. Data were gathered by ADL, instrumental ADL (IADL), and QOL questionnaires, and Goal of Attainment Scale (GAS) before and 2 months after the intervention.

RESULTS

Intervention group achieved a higher number of prioritized goals (p < 0.001) and reported higher QOL (P < 0.001) and instrumental ADL (IADL; P = 0.002) than the control group.

CONCLUSIONS

Given the results, TGA could effectively promote mutual goal attainment, QOL, and IADL for PwMS during the COVID-19 pandemic.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

ClinicalTriasl.gov Identifier: IRCT20201210049668N1.

The relationship between nursing students' professional attitudes and caring behaviors: A cross-sectional study

PURPOSE

This study aimed to determine the relationship between nursing students' professional attitudes and caring behaviors.

DESIGN AND METHODS

The research is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study. The study was conducted with 202 nursing students. The participation rate was 95%.

FINDINGS

The total Instrument of Professional Attitude for Student Nurses mean score was 106.708 ± 20.24 and the Caring Behaviors Inventory-24 mean score of the nursing students was 5.23 ± 0.88. A positive weak correlation was found between total Instrument of Professional Attitude for Student Nurses scores and sub-dimension scores, and Caring Behaviors Inventory-24 total scores of nursing students (p < .05).

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS

The present study has demonstrated that the professional attitudes of students positively affect caring behaviors.

Evaluation of clinical efficacy of continuous care with improved insulin injection techniques on patients with diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial

Objective

To investigate the clinical effect of continuous care with improved insulin injection techniques on patients with diabetes mellitus.

Methods

This randomized controlled trial enrolled patients with diabetes mellitus. They were randomly assigned to a control or observation group. Patients in the control group received conventional continuous nursing. Patients in the observation group were given optimized insulin injection education and continuous nursing on the same basis as the conventional nursing used in the control group. Blood glucose-related outcomes, knowledge of insulin injections and adverse events were recorded.

Results

A total of 96 patients with diabetes mellitus were enrolled in the study (n = 48 per group). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of sex, age and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA_1c). Compared with the control group, continuous care combined with optimized insulin injection techniques significantly reduced blood glucose target time, fasting blood glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose and HbA_1c. The proportions of patients reporting a subcutaneous mass, insulin leakage and hypoglycaemic events were significantly lower in the observation group; and pain scores were significantly reduced compared with the control group.

Conclusions

Continuous care and optimization of insulin injection techniques can help patients achieve better diabetes-related outcomes.

Study Registration Number: ChiCTR2200057166.

Experiences of women undergoing infertility treatment from embryo transfer until pregnancy test and their conceptualization of their embryo

AIM

This study aims to explore women's experiences with embryo transfer (ET) until pregnancy test and their conceptualization of their embryo.

METHOD

The sample of this descriptive phenomenology study consists of 17 women with ET. The data were collected through in-depth interviews. The thematic analysis developed by Braun and Clarke was used for data analysis.

RESULTS

Analysis of the interviews led to the emergence of five themes and 14 sub-themes. The theme "pregnancy in biological terms" has two sub-themes: "considering herself pregnant" and "the first moment with the baby". The theme "not an embryo, my child" has three sub-themes: "world of hope", " unnatural but normal" and "attachment to embryo". The theme "daily life after ET" has three sub-themes: "living life in the usual way", "process of self-listening", and "the negative effects of drugs on the body". The theme "seeking ways to ensure fertility" has four sub-themes: "complete bed rest", "the search for information: the internet", "practice an infertility diet" and "spiritual support with prayer". Finally, the theme "caring after the transfer" has two sub-themes: "need more information" and "unmet women-oriented care".

CONCLUSION

In this study, it was determined that women had intense physical and emotional experiences during the waiting period after ET and their daily lives were affected. It was also understood that the embryo means "baby/child/son/daughter" to them and that they establish a close bond with their embryos. Women's needs are not sufficiently known until post-ET pregnancy testing. Explaining the experiences of women after IVF-ET and the meanings of their embryo will help determine the issues they need in holistic care.

Frontline nurses' caring experiences in COVID-19 units: A qualitative study

Aim

Exploring nurses' caring and communication experiences in COVID‐19 units.

Background

Frontline nurses play a critical role in providing 24‐h bedside nursing care to COVID‐19 patients. An in‐depth understanding of frontline nurses' lived experiences is necessary to establish appropriate nursing strategies during crises, such as the COVID‐19 pandemic.

Methods

Qualitative descriptive design with content analysis.

Results

Fifteen nurses were interviewed, and three themes were identified: central role of therapeutic communication, compassion that deepens naturally and expansion of professionalism in nursing.

Conclusion

The nurses proactively provided care for COVID‐19 patients, and they acknowledged and accepted their roles in protecting the lives and ensuring the health of their patients daily. The nurses' experiences in COVID‐19 units served as an opportunity for ruminating and rediscovering the meaning of nursing.

Implications for Nursing Management

Hospital policymakers and nurse managers should strive to resolve the communication‐related challenges faced by nurses. Standardizing and implementing effective communication strategies should be considered in nursing management.

Multi-professional ethical competence in healthcare - an ethical practice model

Introduction

The starting point is that ethical competence is the basis for ethical healthcare practices and quality of care. Simultaneously, there is a need for research and development from a holistic multi-professional perspective.

Aim

The aim is to create a proposed model for multi-professional ethical competence grounded in clarified meanings and dimensions of ethical competence studied from a multi-professional healthcare perspective. The research questions are, what is ethical competence from a multi-professional healthcare perspective and what strengthens a multi-professional ethical healthcare practice?

Research design

The research has a qualitative approach and hermeneutic application research design. Two groups with six participants from clinical practice and two scientific researchers in each group met four times for dialogue. Thematic analysis was used as an analysis method.

Ethical considerations

The research is approved by the Declaration of Helsinki, the General Data Protection Regulations, and ethical permission was asked from the Norwegian Centre for Research Data (NSD).

Results

The proposed model for multi-professional ethical competence encompasses a three-dimensional ethical value base that is underpinned by: Ethical attitude – a personal desire to do good; Ethical basis – the best for the patient as a common goal and Ethical culture – common goals and values in the organization. Multi-professional ethical competence is strengthened by: Reflection – to see with new wondering eyes; Time for talk – interdisciplinary teamwork and Leadership – an ethical role model and support.

Discussion

Ethical competence has a strong link to the core of caring ethics and a deeper personal value base and attitude. Ethical competence involves the whole culture and is seen as a shared value base and a responsibility to do the best for the patient as a multi-professional team and organization. Ethical competence becomes active in healthcare practice by opening up for meaningful multi-professional talks and reflections.

The Relationship Between Nurses' Professional Values and Their Attitudes Towards Care Giving Roles: A Structural Equation Model

Objective: The study was carried out to examine the relationship between nurses' professional values and caregiver roles. Methods: This study is based on a descriptive correlational research design using a structural equation model. 366 nurses participated in the study. It was gathered using Nurse Promotion Form the Professional Values Scale of Nurses and the Attitude Scale for Their Caregiver Roles. Results: The total mean score of the Nurses' Professional Values Scale was determined as 94.73±17.87. Nurses' Perceptions of Caregiving Roles Attitude Scale total score mean was determined as 62.41±9.22. According to the Structural Equation model, professional values of nurses explain 39% of the change in the value of the attitude towards caregiver roles (R2 =0.39). Conclusion: Nurses' professional values and attitudes towards caregiver roles are at a good level and professional values of nurses partially affect the attitude towards caregiver roles.

The relationship between moral sensitivity and professional values and ethical decision-making in nursing students

BACKGROUND

More researchers have paid attention to the ethical decision-making in nursing worldwidely due to the increasing complexity of ethical issues and dilemmas. Ethical decision-making ability is regarded as one of the core competences of nursing practice and has the potential to resolve ethical issues. It is important to identify the key variables related to ethical decision-making and understand their relationship between them respectively. It is also helpful to design interventions to promote nursing students' ability to resolve ethical dilemmas.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the relationship between moral sensitivity, professional values and ethical decision-making respectively, and to explore whether professional values have mediating effect on the relationship between moral sensitivity and ethical decision-making among nursing undergraduates in Chinese nursing education context.

DESIGN

This study is a cross-sectional descriptive correlational design.

METHODS

263 nursing undergraduates from Nursing and Health School, Zhengzhou University in Henan province of China participated in the study and received the investigation. Their ethical decision-making, moral sensitivity and professional values were measured through the following three questionnaires, including the Judgement About Nursing Decision (JAND), Chinese Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire-Revised Version (MSQ-R-CV) and Chinese Nurses' Professional Values Scale-Revised Version (NPVS-R-CV). The data were processed and analysed by SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 24.0. The statistical methods included descriptive statistics, independent-samples t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation analyses and structural equation modeling.

RESULTS

Moral sensitivity is positively correlated with ethical decision-making (P < 0.01). Professional values is positively correlated with ethical decision-making (P < 0.01) and also has a mediating effect on the relationship between moral sensitivity and ethical decision-making (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION

The investigation contributes to a broader understanding of the factors that influence nursing students' ethical decision-making. Developing ethics education around nursing students' professional values and moral sensitivity can improve their ethical decision-making ability.

Job Satisfaction among Occupational Therapy Practitioners: A Systematic Review of Quantitative Studies

A comprehensive description of the factors associated with job satisfaction among occupational therapy practitioners is needed to promote their work well-being. This systematic review aimed to describe occupational therapy practitioners' job satisfaction and the related intra-, inter-, and extra-personal factors. Original peer-reviewed studies published between 2010 and 2019 were retrieved from four databases with the review including fourteen studies. The review was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute guideline. The data were analyzed by narrative synthesis. Occupational therapy practitioners experienced high job satisfaction. Job satisfaction was found to be associated with significantly lower rates of turnover intention and higher rates of rewards. The relationships between job satisfaction, professional identity, exhaustion, and social environment showed conflicting results.

Moral intelligence, clinical placement experience and professional behaviors among Iranian undergraduate nursing students in a baccalaureate nursing program: A descriptive correlational study

AIMS

This study was intended to examine the relationship of both moral intelligence (MI) and Clinical Placement Experience (CPE) with the level of nursing students' professional behaviors (PB).

BACKGROUND

The foundation of belief, belonging and ethical values develop PB as a meaningful attribute during the period students and caring for patients.

DESIGN

A descriptive correlational study was conducted.

METHODS

Descriptive data were derived from the Belongingness Scale-Clinical Placement Experience (BES-CPE), the Moral Intelligence Questionnaire (MIQ) and the Nursing Students Professional Behaviors Scale (NSPBS) including 200 students (response rate 94.5%).

RESULTS

We found a statistically strong positive correlation between NSPB, MI and CPE. The regression model accounted for 57.8% of the variance in NSPB; CPE and MI were significant explanatory variables of NSPB. Moreover, the non-employed dormitory students had a significant statistical difference in the scores of all three variables. Female students had significantly higher CPE and MI (p˂0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

According to our findings, preventive and mediation endeavors for nursing students can explicitly target their behavioral skills to reduce perceived rejection and improve morality. As a result, an optimal plan to improve the quality of professional training courses for students should be designed based on the comprehension of clinical belonging and moral intelligence.

Nursing Care at the Service of Life: A model including charity, quality, and leadership

BACKGROUND

Nursing professional practice models allow the focus on care and qualification of hospital service by articulating the theory to the practice of nursing care with the final purpose of improving the patient's and family caregivers' quality of life.

OBJECTIVE

To describe the model "Nursing care at the service of life," built and validated in a Colombian clinic, 2019.

METHOD

A Nursing Methodology Research developed in four consecutive steps intended to identify the need to have a theoretical framework; to build it and validate it in a collective way that included the different members of the clinic nursing staff.

RESULTS

The main concepts and articulated assumptions of the nursing practice model were described. The model will help the nursing staff to achieve the institutional mission.

CONCLUSIONS

The professional practice Model "Nursing care at the service of life" reflects the nursing profession's charity, quality, and leadership, as a hospital care axis. The institution's nursing staff were able to identify themselves in the model's approach, also the expert criteria endorsed the construction process and content. The validation process done with the nurse's staff demonstrates that this model is accepted and useful to guide the nursing caring practices within the clinic.

The development of nurses' foundational values

BACKGROUND

In the ever-changing and complex healthcare environment, nurses encounter challenging situations that may involve a clash between their personal and professional values resulting in a profound impact on their practice. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of literature on how nurses develop their personal-professional values.

AIM

The aim of this study was to understand how nurses develop their foundational values as the base for their value system.

RESEARCH DESIGN

A constructivist grounded theory methodology was employed to collect multiple data sets, including face-to-face focus group and individual interviews, along with anecdote and reflective stories.

PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT

Fifty-four nurses working across various nursing settings in Indonesia were recruited to participate.

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

Ethics approval was obtained from the Monash University Human Ethics Committee, project approval number 1553.

FINDINGS

Foundational values acquisition was achieved through family upbringing, professional nurse education and organisational/institutional values reinforcement. These values are framed through three reference points: religious lens, humanity perspective and professionalism. This framing results in a unique combination of personal-professional values that comprise nurses' values system. Values are transferred to other nurses either in a formal or informal way as part of one's professional responsibility and customary social interaction via telling and sharing in person or through social media.

DISCUSSION

Values and ethics are inherently interweaved during nursing practice. Ethical and moral values are part of professional training, but other values are often buried in a hidden curriculum, and attained and activated through interactions during nurses' training.

CONCLUSION

Developing a value system is a complex undertaking that involves basic social processes of attaining, enacting and socialising values. These processes encompass several intertwined entities such as the sources of values, the pool of foundational values, value perspectives and framings, initial value structures, and methods of value transference.

Personal values among first-year medical and nursing students: A cross-sectional comparative study

BACKGROUND

Collaboration in healthcare is essential but differences in personal values can be a potential source of disagreements between physicians and nurses.

OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this study was to verify if and to what extent there were divergences in the personal values profile between medical and nursing students at the beginning of their education and training. A second aim was to explore gender differences in personal values.

DESIGN

This is an observational cross-sectional study.

SETTINGS

This study was conducted at one University in northern Italy.

PARTICIPANTS

We compared the personal values of 393 first-year medical students with those of 403 first-year nursing students.

METHODS

The Portrait Values Questionnaire-40 was administered and analyses of variance were performed to assess degree group and gender differences in terms of personal values.

RESULTS

Medical students scored significantly higher than nursing ones on values related to dominance over others and personal success. Female students significantly outscored males on personal values that reflect other-oriented and social focus, whereas male students obtained higher scores than females on personal values related to personal and selfish orientation.

CONCLUSIONS

Schwartz's Theory of Basic Human Values may be a valuable theoretical framework for interprofessional education to promote a common reflection on personal values held by medical and nursing students since the early years of study.

Key Elements of Professional Nursing Practice: A Scoping Review

BACKGROUND: Professional nursing practice can be used as a standard reference for implementing nursing care to help nurses provide quality care in accordance with their authorities. AIM: The review is purposed to synthesis the pieces of literature telling the development and / or application and / or assessment of a professional nursing practice to determine the crucial elements. METHODS: This study was guided by the following framework for a scoping review, using electronic databases including ScienceDirect, EBSCO, ProQuest, Pubmed, and Google Scholar within keywords of professional nursing practice, model, nurse and conceptual framework. RESULTS: Of a total of 2870 paper found, 28 papers were selected. This study seven key elements: health system competency, professional value, reward and performance evaluation, leadership, nursing care, professional development, and basic care competency. CONCLUSION: A professional nursing practice would provide the minimum standard of quality nursing practice.

Examination of job satisfaction and burnout status of pediatric nurses: A cross-sectional and correlational study using online survey research in Turkey

PURPOSE

The aim of this study is to determine the job satisfaction and burnout of Turkish pediatric nurses.

DESIGN AND METHODS

An online survey of pediatric nurses was conducted between January 2018 and March 2019, enrolled 326 participants. Minnesota Job Satisfaction Scale and Maslach Burnout Inventory were used as data collection tools. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze.

FINDINGS

Job satisfaction of younger and more inexperienced pediatric nurses was lower, while their burnout was higher. Negative relationship between job satisfaction, age, pediatric nursing experience, and burnout level was observed.

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS

Young and inexperienced nurses should be supported by pediatric nurse managers to increase job satisfaction and reduce burnout. Aspects of new nurses that need improvement should be identified and orientation programs should be planned.

Influences of nursing students' career planning, internship experience, and other factors on professional identity

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

Nursing professional identity is an important factor in the development of nursing education and clinical practice. Career-planning curriculums enable students to learn relevant knowledge and skills in a targeted manner, in addition to achieve career targets. Assessment and analysis of the present situation of Chinese nursing students' career planning and professional identity may provide an important guidance for the improvement of teaching content and quality of the career-planning curriculum. This study aimed to describe nursing students' professional identity, and to find out influences of nursing students' career planning, internship experience, and other factors on professional identity.

METHODS

A descriptive cross-sectional research method was employed to conduct a questionnaire on 453 full-time junior and senior undergraduate nursing students in China in December 2019.

RESULTS

The average score for nursing students' professional identity was 101.42, which is at a moderately low-level. There was a significantly positive correlation between the level of nursing students' career planning and professional identity (r = 0.529, P < 0.01). Nursing students' professional identity was also influenced by grade, age, acceptance of career-planning curriculums, and other factors.

CONCLUSION

The results indicated that the level of professional identity in nursing students is closely associated with their career planning. One strategy to improve this situation is to motivate universities to pay further attention to the effectiveness of career-planning curriculums and, to improve the quality of teaching and guidance system.

Development and psychometric properties of the Caring Behaviors Assessment Tool Nursing Version-Short Form

OBJECTIVES

To develop and examine the psychometric properties of the Caring Behaviors Assessment Tool Nursing Version-Short Form (CBAN-SF) based on the Theory of Human Caring to assess the nurses' perceptions about caring behaviors.

DESIGN

This study is based on the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments checklist.

SETTING

The study was conducted at the medical-surgical services of Akdeniz University Hospital between October 2019 and January 2020.

PARTICIPANTS

This study was conducted with 216 nurses working in the surgery and internal clinics.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the CBAN-SF with 27 items.

RESULTS

It was found that the Content Validity Index (CVI) for the items of the draft scale was between 0.972 and 1.00 and the instrument's CVI had an average score of 0.994. The CBAN-SF had good fit indexes (chi-square goodness of fit / degrees of freedom = 2.914, root mean square error of approximation = 0.075, comparative fit index = 0.984, non-normed fit index = 0.983, normed fit index = 0.972 and standardized root mean square residuals = 0.054) in structural validity. For internal consistency, the Cronbach's alpha, Spearman-Brown and the Guttman split-half coefficients were all 0.974. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the seven subfactors of the scale ranged between 0.793 and 0.904 and had acceptable internal consistency. The item-total score correlation of the scale was 0.648-0.829, and the factor loadings were 0.455-0.769.

CONCLUSION

The structural validity, internal consistency and content validity of the CBAN-SF supported to be a reliable and valid tool for assessment of caring behaviors by nurses.

It is possible to develop the professional values of nurses

BACKGROUND

The awareness and development of professional values affect the quality of nursing care. This study is the first interventional study conducted to develop the professional values of nurses in a clinical setting.

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of a structured Professional Values Development Programme on the development of the professional values of nurses.

RESEARCH DESIGN

This study was a non-randomised controlled trial that measured with pre-test and post-test. Data were collected by using an Individual Identification Form and the Nurses' Professional Values Scale-Revised. The intervention group was involved in a 12-week programme. Participants in the control group received the programme after all data had been collected. Data collection for both groups was conducted at baseline and a 12-week follow-up. Expert opinions were evaluated by the Kendall Coefficient of Correlation test. Chi-square tests and t-tests were used to evaluate group differences. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov.

PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT

This study was conducted with 80 nurses (intervention group = 40, control group = 40). This study was conducted in paediatric clinics in two university hospitals in Turkey.

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

In order to conduct this study, ethics committee approval was obtained. This study was performed according to the Helsinki Declaration. Participants were informed verbally and in writing, and informed consent was obtained by giving explanations.

INDINGS

In the analysis, the two groups were similar in demographic variables. The only significant difference between the groups was between weekly working hours. Participants in the intervention group reported statistically significantly higher levels of professional values (p = 0.001) than those in the control group.

DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS

This study provides evidence of the positive effectiveness of the Professional Values Development Programme in the development of professional values of clinical nurses. It also demonstrated the feasibility of implementing the programme with clinical nurses.

The effect of professional values of nurses on their attitudes towards caregiving roles

AIM

This study was conducted to determine the effect of professional values of nurses on their attitudes towards caregiving roles.

METHODS

This is a cross-sectional, correlational and descriptive study. The data were collected from 319 nurses working at different units in a public hospital between January and May 2019. The data collection tool included a 10-question participant information form, the nursing professional values scale and the attitude scale for nurses in caregiving roles. The variables were analysed using the multiple linear regression.

RESULTS

The nurses had professional values and attitudes towards caregiving roles at high levels. Significant differences were found in the overall scales and their subscales especially due to nurses loving their profession (P < 0.05). Attitudes of the nurses towards caregiving roles were predicted by human dignity (β = 0.52, P < 0.01), action (β = 0.34, P < 0.01) and autonomy (β = -0.29, P < 0.01). Human dignity, action and autonomy accounted for 30% of the variance in their attitudes towards caregiving roles (∆R² = 0.30).

CONCLUSION

Scores obtained by the nurses loving their profession from the nursing professional values scale and the attitude scale for nurses in caregiving roles were higher. In addition, nurses' caregiving roles were explained with professional values.

Personal values among undergraduate nursing students: A cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND

Personal values influence nursing students' development of professional values, which affect professional outcomes, and how nursing students react to different situations. Personal values can be shaped by different factors, including culture, gender, and age.

AIMS

To explore personal values held by nursing students, and to verify if and how gender and year of study affect nursing students' personal values.

RESEARCH DESIGN

A multicenter, cross-sectional study was used.

PARTICIPANTS AND RESEARCH CONTEXT

The whole population of nursing undergraduate students available at the time was recruited from eight centers of two Universities, composing a sample of 947 students. Demographic data were collected and it was administered the Portrait Values Questionnaire.

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Boards of the University of the participating centers.

FINDINGS

The study sample was mainly composed of young (92.6%, n = 877), female (77.3%, n = 732), Italian (95.8%, n = 907), and unmarried (98.6%, n = 934) nursing students. The most important value for nursing students, consistently through the years of nursing school, was Self-transcendence, which has the motivational emphasis on helping others and selflessness. Then, we found that male students had higher levels of Power (p < 0.001) and Achievement (p = 0.031), while female students outscored male students in Benevolence (p = 0.005) and Security (p = 0.006). Year of study showed no statistically significant difference.

DISCUSSION

Nursing students express high levels in hetero-directed values. Male nursing students, although they choose a stereotypically feminine profession, outscored females in stereotypical masculine values such as dominance and success. This is the first study that describes the personal value profile of undergraduate nursing students, according to the Theory of Basic Human Values, and it is a starting point for future research.

CONCLUSION

Nursing educators might want to consider the findings from this study while guiding students in developing awareness for their personal values.