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Xiong G, Obringer B, Jones A, Horton E, Xu R. Regulation of RORα Stability through PRMT5-Dependent Symmetric Dimethylation. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1914. [PMID: 38791992 PMCID: PMC11120602 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha (RORα), a candidate tumor suppressor, is prevalently downregulated or lost in malignant breast cancer cells. However, the mechanisms of how RORα expression is regulated in breast epithelial cells remain incompletely understood. Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), a type II methyltransferase catalyzing the symmetric methylation of the amino acid arginine in target proteins, was reported to regulate protein stability. To study whether and how PRMT5 regulates RORα, we examined the direct interaction between RORα and PRMT5 by immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assays. The results showed that PRMT5 directly bound to RORα, and PRMT5 mainly symmetrically dimethylated the DNA-binding domain (DBD) but not the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of RORα. To investigate whether RORα protein stability is regulated by PRMT5, we transfected HEK293FT cells with RORα and PRMT5-expressing or PRMT5-silencing (shPRMT5) vectors and then examined RORα protein stability by a cycloheximide chase assay. The results showed that PRMT5 increased RORα protein stability, while silencing PRMT5 accelerated RORα protein degradation. In PRMT5-silenced mammary epithelial cells, RORα protein expression was decreased, accompanied by an enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition morphology and cell invasion and migration abilities. In PRMT5-overexpressed mammary epithelial cells, RORα protein was accumulated, and cell invasion was suppressed. These findings revealed a novel mechanism by which PRMT5 regulates RORα protein stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Xiong
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Brynne Obringer
- College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (B.O.); (A.J.)
| | - Austen Jones
- College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (B.O.); (A.J.)
| | - Elise Horton
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Ren Xu
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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2
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Gao Y, Feng C, Ma J, Yan Q. Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs): Orchestrators of cancer pathogenesis, immunotherapy dynamics, and drug resistance. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 221:116048. [PMID: 38346542 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Protein Arginine Methyltransferases (PRMTs) are a family of enzymes regulating protein arginine methylation, which is a post-translational modification crucial for various cellular processes. Recent studies have highlighted the mechanistic role of PRMTs in cancer pathogenesis, immunotherapy, and drug resistance. PRMTs are involved in diverse oncogenic processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. They exert their effects by methylation of histones, transcription factors, and other regulatory proteins, resulting in altered gene expression patterns. PRMT-mediated histone methylation can lead to aberrant chromatin remodeling and epigenetic changes that drive oncogenesis. Additionally, PRMTs can directly interact with key signaling pathways involved in cancer progression, such as the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways, thereby modulating cell survival and proliferation. In the context of cancer immunotherapy, PRMTs have emerged as critical regulators of immune responses. They modulate immune checkpoint molecules, including programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), through arginine methylation. Drug resistance is a significant challenge in cancer treatment, and PRMTs have been implicated in this phenomenon. PRMTs can contribute to drug resistance through multiple mechanisms, including the epigenetic regulation of drug efflux pumps, altered DNA damage repair, and modulation of cell survival pathways. In conclusion, PRMTs play critical roles in cancer pathogenesis, immunotherapy, and drug resistance. In this overview, we have endeavored to illuminate the mechanistic intricacies of PRMT-mediated processes. Shedding light on these aspects will offer valuable insights into the fundamental biology of cancer and establish PRMTs as promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Chongchong Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China.
| | - Jingru Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Qingzhu Yan
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
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3
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Brown EJ, Balaguer-Lluna L, Cribbs AP, Philpott M, Campo L, Browne M, Wong JF, Oppermann U, Carcaboso ÁM, Bullock AN, Farnie G. PRMT5 inhibition shows in vitro efficacy against H3K27M-altered diffuse midline glioma, but does not extend survival in vivo. Sci Rep 2024; 14:328. [PMID: 38172189 PMCID: PMC10764357 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48652-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
H3K27-altered Diffuse Midline Glioma (DMG) is a universally fatal paediatric brainstem tumour. The prevalent driver mutation H3K27M creates a unique epigenetic landscape that may also establish therapeutic vulnerabilities to epigenetic inhibitors. However, while HDAC, EZH2 and BET inhibitors have proven somewhat effective in pre-clinical models, none have translated into clinical benefit due to either poor blood-brain barrier penetration, lack of efficacy or toxicity. Thus, there remains an urgent need for new DMG treatments. Here, we performed wider screening of an epigenetic inhibitor library and identified inhibitors of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) among the top hits reducing DMG cell viability. Two of the most effective inhibitors, LLY-283 and GSK591, were targeted against PRMT5 using distinct binding mechanisms and reduced the viability of a subset of DMG cells expressing wild-type TP53 and mutant ACVR1. RNA-sequencing and phenotypic analyses revealed that LLY-283 could reduce the viability, clonogenicity and invasion of DMG cells in vitro, representing three clinically important phenotypes, but failed to prolong survival in an orthotopic xenograft model. Together, these data show the challenges of DMG treatment and highlight PRMT5 inhibitors for consideration in future studies of combination treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Brown
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Leire Balaguer-Lluna
- SJD Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adam P Cribbs
- Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, National Institute of Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Translational Myeloma Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martin Philpott
- Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, National Institute of Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Translational Myeloma Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Leticia Campo
- Department of Oncology, Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Molly Browne
- Department of Oncology, Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jong Fu Wong
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Udo Oppermann
- Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, National Institute of Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Translational Myeloma Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ángel M Carcaboso
- SJD Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex N Bullock
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Gillian Farnie
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Oxford Centre for Translational Myeloma Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Cancer Research Horizons, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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4
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Dakroub R, Huard S, Hajj-Younes Y, Suresh S, Badran B, Fayyad-Kazan H, Dubois T. Therapeutic Advantage of Targeting PRMT5 in Combination with Chemotherapies or EGFR/HER2 Inhibitors in Triple-Negative Breast Cancers. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2023; 15:785-799. [PMID: 37954171 PMCID: PMC10637385 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s430513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subgroup characterized by a high risk of resistance to chemotherapies and high relapse potential. TNBC shows inter-and intra-tumoral heterogeneity; more than half expresses high EGFR levels and about 30% are classified as HER2-low breast cancers. High PRMT5 mRNA levels are associated with poor prognosis in TNBC and inhibiting PRMT5 impairs the viability of subsets of TNBC cell lines and delays tumor growth in TNBC mice models. TNBC patients may therefore benefit from a treatment targeting PRMT5. The aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic benefit of combining a PRMT5 inhibitor with different chemotherapies used in the clinics to treat TNBC patients, or with FDA-approved inhibitors targeting the HER family members. Methods The drug combinations were performed using proliferation and colony formation assays on TNBC cell lines that were sensitive or resistant to EPZ015938, a PRMT5 inhibitor that has been evaluated in clinical trials. The chemotherapies analyzed were cisplatin, doxorubicin, camptothecin, and paclitaxel. The targeted therapies tested were erlotinib (EGFR inhibitor), neratinib (EGFR/HER2/HER4 inhibitor) and tucatinib (HER2 inhibitor). Results We found that PRMT5 inhibition synergized mostly with cisplatin, and to a lesser extent with doxorubicin or camptothecin, but not with paclitaxel, to impair TNBC cell proliferation. PRMT5 inhibition also synergized with erlotinib and neratinib in TNBC cell lines, especially in those overexpressing EGFR. Additionally, a synergistic interaction was observed with neratinib and tucatinib in a HER2-low TNBC cell line as well as in a HER2-positive breast cancer cell line. We noticed that synergy can be obtained in TNBC cell lines that were resistant to PRMT5 inhibition alone. Conclusion Altogether, our data highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting PRMT5 using combinatorial strategies for the treatment of subsets of TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayan Dakroub
- Breast Cancer Biology Group, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, Paris, 75005, France
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Hadath, 1003, Lebanon
| | - Solène Huard
- Breast Cancer Biology Group, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Yara Hajj-Younes
- Breast Cancer Biology Group, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Samyuktha Suresh
- Breast Cancer Biology Group, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Bassam Badran
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Hadath, 1003, Lebanon
| | - Hussein Fayyad-Kazan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Hadath, 1003, Lebanon
| | - Thierry Dubois
- Breast Cancer Biology Group, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, Paris, 75005, France
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5
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Vieito M, Moreno V, Spreafico A, Brana I, Wang JS, Preis M, Hernández T, Genta S, Hansen AR, Doger B, Galvao V, Lenox L, Brown RJ, Kalota A, Mehta J, Pastore F, Patel B, Mistry P, Gu J, Lauring J, Patel MR. Phase 1 Study of JNJ-64619178, a Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor, in Advanced Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3592-3602. [PMID: 37491846 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this first-in-human, Phase 1, open-label, multicenter study, we evaluated JNJ-64619178, a selective and potent PRMT5 inhibitor, in patients with advanced malignant solid tumors or non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL). The primary objective was to evaluate the safety and to identify a recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D) of JNJ-64619178. PATIENTS AND METHODS Adult patients with treatment-refractory advanced solid tumors or NHL and measurable disease received escalating doses of JNJ-64619178 following two schedules (Schedule A: 14 days on/7 days off; Schedule B: every day on a 21-day cycle). Safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and clinical activity were evaluated. RESULTS Ninety patients received JNJ-64619178. Thrombocytopenia was identified as the only dose-limiting toxicity. JNJ-64619178 showed dose-proportional PK and robust target engagement, as measured by plasma symmetric dimethylarginine, across all dose levels. The objective response rate was 5.6% (5 of 90). Patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) had an ORR of 11.5% (3 of 26) and a median progression-free survival of 19.1 months. CONCLUSIONS JNJ-64619178 demonstrated manageable dose-dependent toxicity and preliminary evidence of antitumor activity in ACC and other tumor types. Plasma exposure was dose dependent, and target inhibition was maintained with intermittent and continuous dosing. On the basis of safety, clinical activity, PK, and PD findings, two provisional RP2Ds were selected: 1.5 mg intermittently and 1.0 mg once daily. Aside from ACC, clinical benefit was limited, and biomarkers to enrich for responsiveness to PRMT5 inhibition will be needed for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vieito
- Vall de Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Moreno
- START MADRID-FJD, Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid Spain
| | - Anna Spreafico
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Irene Brana
- Vall de Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judy S Wang
- Florida Cancer Specialists/Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Sarasota, Florida
| | | | | | - Sofia Genta
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron R Hansen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bernard Doger
- START MADRID-FJD, Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid Spain
| | | | - Laurie Lenox
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Regina J Brown
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Anna Kalota
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Jaydeep Mehta
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Bharvin Patel
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Pankaj Mistry
- Janssen Research & Development, High Wycombe, United Kingdom
| | - Junchen Gu
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Josh Lauring
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Manish R Patel
- Florida Cancer Specialists/Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Sarasota, Florida
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6
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Chu WH, Yang N, Zhang JH, Li Y, Song JL, Deng ZP, Meng N, Zhang J, Zhu KK, Jiang CS. Discovery of tetrahydroisoquinolineindole derivatives as first dual PRMT5 inhibitors/hnRNP E1 upregulators: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115625. [PMID: 37429083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is an epigenetics related enzyme that has been validated as an important therapeutic target for treating various types of cancer. Upregulation of tumor suppressor hnRNP E1 has also been considered as an effective antitumor therapy. In this study, a series of tetrahydroisoquinolineindole hybrids were designed and prepared, and compounds 3m and 3s4 were found to be selective inhibitors of PRMT5 and upregulators of hnRNP E1. Molecular docking studies indicated that compounds 3m occupied the substrate site of PRMT5 and formed essential interactions with amino acid residues. Furthermore, compounds 3m and 3s4 exerted antiproliferative effects against A549 cells by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell migration. Importantly, silencing of hnRNP E1 eliminated the antitumor effect of 3m and 3s4 on the apoptosis and migration in A549 cells, suggesting a regulatory relationship between PRMT5 and hnRNP E1. Additionally, compound 3m exhibited high metabolic stability on human liver microsomes (T1/2 = 132.4 min). In SD rats, the bioavailability of 3m was 31.4%, and its PK profiles showed satisfactory AUC and Cmax values compared to the positive control. These results suggest that compound 3m is the first class of dual PRMT5 inhibitor and hnRNP E1 upregulator that deserves further investigation as a potential anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hui Chu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Na Yang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China; Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jin-He Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Jia-Li Song
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Ning Meng
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Kong-Kai Zhu
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Cheng-Shi Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
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7
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Brobbey C, Yin S, Liu L, Ball LE, Howe PH, Delaney JR, Gan W. Autophagy dictates sensitivity to PRMT5 inhibitor in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10752. [PMID: 37400460 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37706-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) catalyzes mono-methylation and symmetric di-methylation on arginine residues and has emerged as a potential antitumor target with inhibitors being tested in clinical trials. However, it remains unknown how the efficacy of PRMT5 inhibitors is regulated. Here we report that autophagy blockage enhances cellular sensitivity to PRMT5 inhibitor in triple negative breast cancer cells. Genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of PRMT5 triggers cytoprotective autophagy. Mechanistically, PRMT5 catalyzes monomethylation of ULK1 at R532 to suppress ULK1 activation, leading to attenuation of autophagy. As a result, ULK1 inhibition blocks PRMT5 deficiency-induced autophagy and sensitizes cells to PRMT5 inhibitor. Our study not only identifies autophagy as an inducible factor that dictates cellular sensitivity to PRMT5 inhibitor, but also unearths a critical molecular mechanism by which PRMT5 regulates autophagy through methylating ULK1, providing a rationale for the combination of PRMT5 and autophagy inhibitors in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Brobbey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Shasha Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Lauren E Ball
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Philip H Howe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Joe R Delaney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Wenjian Gan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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8
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Zheng J, Li B, Wu Y, Wu X, Wang Y. Targeting Arginine Methyltransferase PRMT5 for Cancer Therapy: Updated Progress and Novel Strategies. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37366223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
As a predominant type II protein arginine methyltransferase, PRMT5 plays critical roles in various normal cellular processes by catalyzing the mono- and symmetrical dimethylation of a wide range of histone and nonhistone substrates. Clinical studies have revealed that high expression of PRMT5 is observed in different solid tumors and hematological malignancies and is closely associated with cancer initiation and progression. Accordingly, PRMT5 is becoming a promising anticancer target and has received great attention in both the pharmaceutical industry and the academic community. In this Perspective, we comprehensively summarize recent advances in the development of first-generation PRMT5 enzymatic inhibitors and highlight novel strategies targeting PRMT5 in the past 5 years. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities of PRMT5 inhibition, with the aim of shedding light on future PRMT5 drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Zheng
- Balance-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bang Li
- Balance-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingqi Wu
- Balance-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Wu
- Balance-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanxiang Wang
- Balance-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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9
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Liu L, Yin S, Gan W. TRAF6 Promotes PRMT5 Activity in a Ubiquitination-Dependent Manner. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2501. [PMID: 37173967 PMCID: PMC10177089 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is the primary enzyme generating symmetric dimethylarginine (sDMA) on numerous substrates, through which it regulates many cellular processes, such as transcription and DNA repair. Aberrant expression and activation of PRMT5 is frequently observed in various human cancers and associated with poor prognosis and survival. However, the regulatory mechanisms of PRMT5 remain poorly understood. Here, we report that TRAF6 serves as an upstream E3 ubiquitin ligase to promote PRMT5 ubiquitination and activation. We find that TRAF6 catalyzes K63-linked ubiquitination of PRMT5 and interacts with PRMT5 in a TRAF6-binding-motif-dependent manner. Moreover, we identify six lysine residues located at the N-terminus as the primarily ubiquitinated sites. Disruption of TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination decreases PRMT5 methyltransferase activity towards H4R3 in part by impairing PRMT5 interaction with its co-factor MEP50. As a result, mutating the TRAF6-binding motifs or the six lysine residues significantly suppresses cell proliferation and tumor growth. Lastly, we show that TRAF6 inhibitor enhances cellular sensitivity to PRMT5 inhibitor. Therefore, our study reveals a critical regulatory mechanism of PRMT5 in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wenjian Gan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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10
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Rasheed S, Bouley RA, Yoder RJ, Petreaca RC. Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) Mutations in Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6042. [PMID: 37047013 PMCID: PMC10094674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Arginine methylation is a form of posttranslational modification that regulates many cellular functions such as development, DNA damage repair, inflammatory response, splicing, and signal transduction, among others. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is one of nine identified methyltransferases, and it can methylate both histone and non-histone targets. It has pleiotropic functions, including recruitment of repair machinery to a chromosomal DNA double strand break (DSB) and coordinating the interplay between repair and checkpoint activation. Thus, PRMT5 has been actively studied as a cancer treatment target, and small molecule inhibitors of its enzymatic activity have already been developed. In this report, we analyzed all reported PRMT5 mutations appearing in cancer cells using data from the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancers (COSMIC). Our goal is to classify mutations as either drivers or passengers to understand which ones are likely to promote cellular transformation. Using gold standard artificial intelligence algorithms, we uncovered several key driver mutations in the active site of the enzyme (D306H, L315P, and N318K). In silico protein modeling shows that these mutations may affect the affinity of PRMT5 for S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), which is required as a methyl donor. Electrostatic analysis of the enzyme active site shows that one of these mutations creates a tunnel in the vicinity of the SAM binding site, which may allow interfering molecules to enter the enzyme active site and decrease its activity. We also identified several non-coding mutations that appear to affect PRMT5 splicing. Our analyses provide insights into the role of PRMT5 mutations in cancer cells. Additionally, since PRMT5 single molecule inhibitors have already been developed, this work may uncover future directions in how mutations can affect targeted inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayaan Rasheed
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Biology Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Renee A. Bouley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Marion, OH 43302, USA
| | - Ryan J. Yoder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Marion, OH 43302, USA
| | - Ruben C. Petreaca
- James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Columbus, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Marion, OH 43302, USA
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11
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Fu S, Zheng Q, Zhang D, Lin C, Ouyang L, Zhang J, Chen L. Medicinal chemistry strategies targeting PRMT5 for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114842. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Zhou W, Yadav GP, Yang X, Qin F, Li C, Jiang QX. Cryo-EM structure-based selection of computed ligand poses enables design of MTA-synergic PRMT5 inhibitors of better potency. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1054. [PMID: 36192627 PMCID: PMC9530242 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03991-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Projected potential of 2.5-4.0 Å cryo-EM structures for structure-based drug design is not well realized yet. Here we show that a 3.1 Å structure of PRMT5 is suitable for selecting computed poses of a chemical inhibitor and its analogs for enhanced potency. PRMT5, an oncogenic target for various cancer types, has many inhibitors manifesting little cooperativity with MTA, a co-factor analog accumulated in MTAP-/- cells. To achieve MTA-synergic inhibition, a pharmacophore from virtual screen leads to a specific inhibitor (11-2 F). Cryo-EM structures of 11-2 F / MTA-bound human PRMT5/MEP50 complex and its apo form resolved at 3.1 and 3.2 Å respectively show that 11-2 F in the catalytic pocket shifts the cofactor-binding pocket away by ~2.0 Å, contributing to positive cooperativity. Computational analysis predicts subtype specificity of 11-2 F among PRMTs. Structural analysis of ligands in the binding pockets is performed to compare poses of 11-2 F and its redesigned analogs and identifies three new analogs predicted to have significantly better potency. One of them, after synthesis, is ~4 fold more efficient in inhibiting PRMT5 catalysis than 11-2 F, with strong MTA-synergy. These data suggest the feasibility of employing near-atomic resolution cryo-EM structures and computational analysis of ligand poses for small molecule therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Gaya P Yadav
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
- G.P.Y at the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A &M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Xiaozhi Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Feng Qin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, the State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Chenglong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
- Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Qiu-Xing Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, the State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA.
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13
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Feustel K, Falchook GS. Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) Inhibitors in Oncology Clinical Trials: A review. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTHERAPY AND PRECISION ONCOLOGY 2022; 5:58-67. [PMID: 36034581 PMCID: PMC9390703 DOI: 10.36401/jipo-22-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) inhibitors are a new class of antineoplastic agents showing promising preliminary clinical efficacy. Targeting an enzyme involved in a wide array of cellular and transcriptional pro-oncogenic processes, this class offers multifaceted tumor-suppressive effects. Partial response has been seen in adenoid cystic carcinoma from both GSK3326595 and JNJ-64619178, with four cases of stable disease seen with PRT543. Highly significant is a durable complete response in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1-mutated glioblastoma multiforme with PRT811. Both alone and in combination with existing chemotherapies and immunotherapies, this class shows promising preliminary data, particularly in cancers with splicing mutations and DNA damage repair deficiencies. Further studies are warranted, and there are clinical trials to come whose data will be telling of the efficacy of PRMT5 inhibitors in both hematologic and solid malignancies. The aim of this study is to compile available results of PRMT5 inhibitors in oncology clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavanya Feustel
- 1 Sky Ridge Medical Center, HCA Continental Division, Lone Tree, CO, USA
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14
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Chen Y, Shao X, Zhao X, Ji Y, Liu X, Li P, Zhang M, Wang Q. Targeting protein arginine methyltransferase 5 in cancers: Roles, inhibitors and mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112252. [PMID: 34619493 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) as the major type II arginine methyltransferase catalyzes the mono- and symmetric dimethylation of arginine residues in both histone and non-histone proteins. Recently, increasing evidence has demonstrated that PRMT5 plays an indispensable role in the occurrence and development of various human cancers by promoting the cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. It has become a promising and valuable target in the cancer epigenetic therapy. This review is to summarize the clinical significance of PRMT5 in the cancers such as lung cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer, and the drug discovery targeting PRMT5. Importantly, the existing PRMT5 inhibitors representing different molecular mechanisms, and their pharmacological effect, mechanism of action and biological affinity are analyzed. Clinical status, current problems and future perspective of PRMT5 inhibitors for the treatment of cancers are also discussed, all of which provides crucial help for the future discovery of PRMT5 targeted drugs for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqing Chen
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for the Utilization of Functional Components of Organic Natural Products, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Xiaomin Shao
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for the Utilization of Functional Components of Organic Natural Products, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Xiangge Zhao
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for the Utilization of Functional Components of Organic Natural Products, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for the Utilization of Functional Components of Organic Natural Products, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Xiaorong Liu
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for the Utilization of Functional Components of Organic Natural Products, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Peixuan Li
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for the Utilization of Functional Components of Organic Natural Products, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for the Utilization of Functional Components of Organic Natural Products, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China; Engineering Technology Research Center for the Utilization of Functional Components of Organic Natural Products, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China.
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15
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Wang X, Qiu T, Wu Y, Yang C, Li Y, Du G, He Y, Liu W, Liu R, Chen CH, Shi Y, Pan J, Zhou J, Jiang D, Chen C. Arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 methylates and stabilizes KLF5 via decreasing its phosphorylation and ubiquitination to promote basal-like breast cancer. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:2931-2945. [PMID: 33972717 PMCID: PMC8481478 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00793-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is an oncogenic factor that is highly expressed in basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) and promotes cell proliferation, survival, migration, stemness, and tumor growth; however, its posttranslational modifications are poorly defined. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is also an oncogene implicated in various carcinomas, including breast cancer. In this study, we found that PRMT5 interacts with KLF5 and catalyzes the di-methylation of KLF5 at Arginine 57 (R57) in a methyltransferase activity-dependent manner in BLBC cells. Depletion or pharmaceutical inhibition (using PJ-68) of PRMT5 decreased the expression of KLF5 and its downstream target genes in vitro and in vivo. PRMT5-induced KLF5R57me2 antagonizes GSK3β-mediated KLF5 phosphorylation and subsequently Fbw7-mediated KLF5 ubiquitination and coupled degradation. Functionally, PRMT5 promotes breast cancer stem cell maintenance and proliferation, at least partially, by stabilizing KLF5. PRMT5 and KLF5 protein levels were positively correlated in clinical BLBCs. Taken together, PRMT5 methylates KLF5 to prevent its phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and degradation, and thus promotes breast cancer stem cell maintenance and proliferation. These findings suggest that PRMT5 is a potential therapeutic target for BLBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ting Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yingying Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chuanyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Guangshi Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yaohui He
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Rong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan-Huizi Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yujie Shi
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingxuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Dewei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
- Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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16
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Mao Y, Zong Z, Dang Y, Yu L, Liu C, Wang J. Promotion effect of microcystin-LR on liver tumor progression in kras V12 transgenic zebrafish following acute or subacute exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112673. [PMID: 34438271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is widely distributed in the natural environment and causes hepatotoxicity. However, whether MC-LR promotes liver tumor progression remains controversial. krasV12 transgenic zebrafish were used as an inducible liver tumor model to evaluate the potential tumor-promoting effect of MC-LR. First, krasV12 transgenic larvae were exposed to 0, 0.1 and 1 mg/L MC-LR with 20 mg/L doxycycline (Dox) for 4 d. The gray values and histopathological examinations of the liver demonstrated that MC-LR aggravated liver tumor progression, which could be inhibited by the Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (Prmt5) inhibitor compound 5 (CMP5). Second, 1-month-old juvenile transgenic zebrafish were exposed to 0, 20 mg/L Dox, 1 μg/L MC-LR, and 20 mg/L Dox with 0.1 or 1 μg/L MC-LR for 15 d to determine whether the exposure to environmental concentrations of MC-LR promoted hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. We found that environmental concentrations of MC-LR increased the hepatosomatic index (HSI) and gray value (intensity/area) and promoted HCC progression. The results indicate that environmental concentrations of MC-LR have the potential to promote liver tumor progression. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that MC-LR can promote tumor in krasV12 transgenic zebrafish and that the upregulation of prmt5 expression might contribute to MC-LR-mediated promotion of liver tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Mao
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zijing Zong
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yao Dang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China.
| | - Liqin Yu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chunsheng Liu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jianghua Wang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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17
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Yin S, Liu L, Brobbey C, Palanisamy V, Ball LE, Olsen SK, Ostrowski MC, Gan W. PRMT5-mediated arginine methylation activates AKT kinase to govern tumorigenesis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3444. [PMID: 34103528 PMCID: PMC8187744 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AKT is involved in a number of key cellular processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis and metabolism. Hyperactivation of AKT is associated with many pathological conditions, particularly cancers. Emerging evidence indicates that arginine methylation is involved in modulating AKT signaling pathway. However, whether and how arginine methylation directly regulates AKT kinase activity remain unknown. Here we report that protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), but not other PRMTs, promotes AKT activation by catalyzing symmetric dimethylation of AKT1 at arginine 391 (R391). Mechanistically, AKT1-R391 methylation cooperates with phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5 trisphosphate (PIP3) to relieve the pleckstrin homology (PH)-in conformation, leading to AKT1 membrane translocation and subsequent activation by phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) and the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2). As a result, deficiency in AKT1-R391 methylation significantly suppresses AKT1 kinase activity and tumorigenesis. Lastly, we show that PRMT5 inhibitor synergizes with AKT inhibitor or chemotherapeutic drugs to enhance cell death. Altogether, our study suggests that R391 methylation is an important step for AKT activation and its oncogenic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Charles Brobbey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Viswanathan Palanisamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Lauren E Ball
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Shaun K Olsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael C Ostrowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Wenjian Gan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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18
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Ma D, Yang M, Wang Q, Sun C, Shi H, Jing W, Bi Y, Shen X, Ma X, Qin Z, Lin Y, Zhu L, Zhao Y, Cheng Y, Han L. Arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 negatively regulates cGAS-mediated antiviral immune response. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/13/eabc1834. [PMID: 33762328 PMCID: PMC7990331 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc1834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) functions as an essential DNA sensor, which senses the cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA and activates the antiviral response. However, the posttranslational modification of cGAS remains to be fully understood and whether it has arginine methylation modification remains unknown. Here, we identified protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) as a direct binding partner of cGAS, and it catalyzed the arginine symmetrical dimethylation of cGAS at the Arg124 residue. Further investigation demonstrated that methylation of cGAS by PRMT5 attenuated cGAS-mediated antiviral immune response by blocking the DNA binding ability of cGAS. Oral administration of PRMT5 inhibitors significantly protected mice from HSV-1 infection and prolonged the survival time of these infected mice. Therefore, our findings revealed an essential regulatory effect of PRMT5 on cGAS-mediated antiviral immune response and provided a promising potential antiviral strategy by modulating PRMT5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Min Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Qiushi Wang
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Caiyu Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hongbiao Shi
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Weiqiang Jing
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yuxuan Bi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xuecheng Shen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaomin Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Zhenzhi Qin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yueke Lin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lihui Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Yunxue Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yeping Cheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Lihui Han
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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19
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Liang Z, Liu L, Wen C, Jiang H, Ye T, Ma S, Liu X. Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of PRMT5 in Cancers: A System Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancer Control 2021; 28:10732748211050583. [PMID: 34758643 PMCID: PMC8591649 DOI: 10.1177/10732748211050583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Since protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is abnormally expressed in various tumors, in this study we aim to assess the association between PRMT5 and clinicopathological and prognostic features. METHODS Electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Library were searched until July 25, 2021. The critical appraisal of the eligible studies was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Pooled hazard ratios (HR) and pooled odds ratios (OR) were calculated to assess the effect. Engauge Digitizer version 12.1, STATA version 15.1, and R version 4.0.5 were used to obtain and analysis the data. RESULTS A total of 32 original studies covering 15,583 patients were included. In our data, it indicated that high level of PRMT5 was significantly correlated with advanced tumor stage (OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.22-3.70, P =.008; I2 = 80.7%) and positively correlated with poor overall survival (HR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.46-1.73, P < .001; I2 = 50%) and progression-free survival (HR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.24-1.88, P < .001; I2 = 0%). In addition, sub-group analysis showed that high level of PRMT5 was associated with poor overall survival for such 5 kinds of cancers as hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, and lung cancer. CONCLUSION For the first time we found PRMT5 was pan-cancerous as a prognostic biomarker and high level of PRMT5 was associated with poor prognosis for certain cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Liang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lianchang Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chaowei Wen
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Heya Jiang
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Tianxia Ye
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Shumei Ma
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Science and Health of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
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20
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Liu X, He J, Mao L, Zhang Y, Cui W, Duan S, Jiang A, Gao Y, Sang Y, Huang G. EPZ015666, a selective protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) inhibitor with an antitumour effect in retinoblastoma. Exp Eye Res 2020; 202:108286. [PMID: 33035554 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular malignant tumour in infants, and chemotherapy has been the primary therapy method in recent years. PRMT5 is an important member of the protein arginine methyltransferase family, which plays an important role in various tumours. Our study showed that PRMT5 was overexpressed in retinoblastoma and played an important role in retinoblastoma cell growth. EPZ015666 is a novel PRMT5 inhibitor, and we found that it inhibited retinoblastoma cell proliferation and led to cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. At the same time, EPZ015666 regulated cell cycle related protein (P53, P21, P27, CDK2) expression. In brief, our study showed that PRMT5 promoted retinoblastoma growth, the PRMT5 inhibitor EPZ015666 inhibited retinoblastoma in vitro by regulating P53-P21/P27-CDK2 signaling pathways and slowed retinoblastoma growth in a xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - JianZhong He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People's Hospital of Pingxiang City, Pingxiang City, 337055, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Longbing Mao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - WenWen Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Sujuan Duan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Alan Jiang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Sang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofu Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Tan L, Xiao K, Ye Y, Liang H, Chen M, Luo J, Qin Z. High PRMT5 expression is associated with poor overall survival and tumor progression in bladder cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:8728-8741. [PMID: 32392182 PMCID: PMC7244052 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is involved in a variety of cancers. We used bioinformatics analysis to investigate PRMT5 overexpression in bladder urothelial cancer (BUC) and its clinical significance. We also conducted molecular biology experiments to investigate the effect of PRMT5 on the phenotype of BUC cells in vitro and in vivo. PRMT5 was found to be upregulated in BUC tissue in the Oncomine and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. We validated the results from these databases in a cohort of BUC samples. Kaplan-Meier and Cox multivariate analyses demonstrated that PRMT5 upregulation is an independent prognostic risk factor for BUC. The in vitro and in vivo phenotypic experiments found that downregulated expression of PRMT5 in BUC cells inhibits BUC cell proliferation and aggression. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated that PRMT5 knockdown leads to cell cycle G1/S arrest, deactivation of Akt, and mTOR phosphorylation in BUC cells. These results suggest that PRMT5 could be used as a potential molecular marker for BUC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kanghua Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunlin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingkun Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhang Luo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zike Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Li ASM, Li F, Eram MS, Bolotokova A, Dela Seña CC, Vedadi M. Chemical probes for protein arginine methyltransferases. Methods 2019; 175:30-43. [PMID: 31809836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) catalyze the transfer of methyl groups to specific arginine residues of their substrates using S-adenosylmethionine as a methyl donor, contributing to regulation of many biological processes including transcription, and DNA damage repair. Dysregulation of PRMT expression is often associated with various diseases including cancers. Different methods have been used to characterize the activities of PRMTs and determine their kinetic parameters including mass spectrometry, radiometric, and antibody-based assays. Here, we present kinetic characterization of PRMTs using a radioactivity-based assay for better comparison along with previously reported values. We also report on full characterization of PRMT9 activity with SAP145 peptide as substrate. We further review the potent, selective and cell-active PRMT inhibitors discovered in recent years to provide a better understanding of available tools to investigate the roles these proteins play in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Shi Ming Li
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Fengling Li
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Mohammad S Eram
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Albina Bolotokova
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Carlo C Dela Seña
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Masoud Vedadi
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
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23
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Lattouf H, Poulard C, Le Romancer M. PRMT5 prognostic value in cancer. Oncotarget 2019; 10:3151-3153. [PMID: 31139329 PMCID: PMC6516714 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) catalyze the methylation of arginine residues on both histones and non-histone proteins. PRMT5, a member of the PRMT family, is overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers and its activity is associated with cell transformation. Moreover, its expression is associated with a decrease in patient survival in several cancers, a rationale for developing highly potent inhibitors of its enzymatic activity. However, most studies do not take into account the subcellular localization of PRMT5, which can modify its properties. Indeed, our team recently showed that PRMT5 nuclear expression is associated with prolonged survival. These results corroborated findings in prostate cancer, in which the nuclear fraction of PRMT5 was responsible for inhibiting cell growth, while the cytoplasmic fraction promoted cell growth. In conclusion, this criterion should be evaluated prior to administering PRMT5 inhibitors, which may have adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanine Lattouf
- INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Lebanese University, EDST (Molecular Tumor-genesis and Anticancer Pharmacology), Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Coralie Poulard
- INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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24
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Vinet M, Suresh S, Maire V, Monchecourt C, Némati F, Lesage L, Pierre F, Ye M, Lescure A, Brisson A, Meseure D, Nicolas A, Rigaill G, Marangoni E, Del Nery E, Roman-Roman S, Dubois T. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5: A novel therapeutic target for triple-negative breast cancers. Cancer Med 2019; 8:2414-2428. [PMID: 30957988 PMCID: PMC6537044 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
TNBC is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive breast cancer subtype associated with high relapse rates, and for which no targeted therapy yet exists. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), an enzyme which catalyzes the methylation of arginines on histone and non‐histone proteins, has recently emerged as a putative target for cancer therapy. Potent and specific PRMT5 inhibitors have been developed, but the therapeutic efficacy of PRMT5 targeting in TNBC has not yet been demonstrated. Here, we examine the expression of PRMT5 in a human breast cancer cohort obtained from the Institut Curie, and evaluate the therapeutic potential of pharmacological inhibition of PRMT5 in TNBC. We find that PRMT5 mRNA and protein are expressed at comparable levels in TNBC, luminal breast tumors, and healthy mammary tissues. However, immunohistochemistry analyses reveal that PRMT5 is differentially localized in TNBC compared to other breast cancer subtypes and to normal breast tissues. PRMT5 is heterogeneously expressed in TNBC and high PRMT5 expression correlates with poor prognosis within this breast cancer subtype. Using the small‐molecule inhibitor EPZ015666, we show that PRMT5 inhibition impairs cell proliferation in a subset of TNBC cell lines. PRMT5 inhibition triggers apoptosis, regulates cell cycle progression and decreases mammosphere formation. Furthermore, EPZ015666 administration to a patient‐derived xenograft model of TNBC significantly deters tumor progression. Finally, we reveal potentiation between EGFR and PRMT5 targeting, suggestive of a beneficial combination therapy. Our findings highlight a distinctive subcellular localization of PRMT5 in TNBC, and uphold PRMT5 targeting, alone or in combination, as a relevant treatment strategy for a subset of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Vinet
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Breast Cancer Biology Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Samyuktha Suresh
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Breast Cancer Biology Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Maire
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Breast Cancer Biology Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Clarisse Monchecourt
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Breast Cancer Biology Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Fariba Némati
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Preclinical Investigation Laboratory, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Lesage
- Platform of Investigative Pathology, Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Pierre
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Breast Cancer Biology Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Biophenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Mengliang Ye
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Breast Cancer Biology Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Auriane Lescure
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Biophenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Amélie Brisson
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Breast Cancer Biology Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Didier Meseure
- Platform of Investigative Pathology, Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - André Nicolas
- Platform of Investigative Pathology, Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Guillem Rigaill
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213, UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne, Paris-Cité, Orsay, France.,Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Modélisation d'Evry (LaMME), Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, UMR CNRS 8071, ENSIIE, USC INRA, Evry, France
| | - Elisabetta Marangoni
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Preclinical Investigation Laboratory, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Elaine Del Nery
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Biophenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Sergio Roman-Roman
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Dubois
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Breast Cancer Biology Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France
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25
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Role of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 in human cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 114:108790. [PMID: 30903920 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) play important roles in protein methylation. PRMT5 is the major type II arginine methyltransferase that catalyzes the transfer of two methyl groups symmetrically to the arginine residues of either histone or non-histone proteins. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that PRMT5, as an oncogene, plays an indispensable regulatory role in the pathological progression of several human cancers by promoting the proliferation, invasion, and migration of cancer cells. PRMT5 is overexpressed in many malignant tumors and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cancer, which suggests that PRMT5 may become a potential biomarker or therapeutic target of cancer. This article reviews the biological function, mechanism, and clinical significance of PRMT5 in tumorigenesis.
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26
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Lattouf H, Kassem L, Jacquemetton J, Choucair A, Poulard C, Trédan O, Corbo L, Diab-Assaf M, Hussein N, Treilleux I, Le Romancer M. LKB1 regulates PRMT5 activity in breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:595-606. [PMID: 30289978 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is the main enzyme responsible for the symmetrical dimethylation of arginine residues on target proteins in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Though its activity has been associated with tumor progression in various cancers, the expression pattern of this oncoprotein has been scarcely studied in breast cancer. In the current work, we analyzed its expression in a large cohort of breast cancer patients, revealing higher nuclear PRMT5 levels in ERα-positive tumors and an association with prolonged disease free and overall survival. Interestingly, high PRMT5 nuclear expression was also associated with higher nuclear liver kinase B1 (LKB1), suggesting that a functional relationship may occur. Consistently, several approaches provided evidence that PRMT5 and LKB1 interact directly in the cytoplasm of mammary epithelial cells. Moreover, although PRMT5 is not able to methylate LKB1, we found that PRMT5 is a bona fade substrate for LKB1. We identified T132, 139 and 144 residues, located in the TIM-Barrel domain of PRMT5, as target sites for LKB1 phosphorylation. The point mutation of PRMT5 T139/144 to A139/144 drastically decreased its methyltransferase activity, due probably to the loss of its interaction with regulatory proteins such as MEP50, pICln and RiOK1. In addition, modulation of LKB1 expression modified PRMT5 activity, highlighting a new regulatory mechanism that could have clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanine Lattouf
- INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Lebanese University, EDST (Molecular Tumor-genesis and Anticancer Pharmacology), Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Loay Kassem
- Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Julien Jacquemetton
- INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Ali Choucair
- INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Coralie Poulard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Laura Corbo
- INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Mona Diab-Assaf
- Lebanese University, EDST (Molecular Tumor-genesis and Anticancer Pharmacology), Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Nader Hussein
- Lebanese University, Cancer Biology Stem Cells and Molecular Immunology, Hadath, Lebanon
| | | | - Muriel Le Romancer
- INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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27
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Wang Z, Kong J, Wu Y, Zhang J, Wang T, Li N, Fan J, Wang H, Zhang J, Ling R. PRMT5 determines the sensitivity to chemotherapeutics by governing stemness in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 168:531-542. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4597-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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