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Erdenechimeg M, Soyolmaa G, Cheng G, Bayarsaikhan T, Dursahinhan AT, Lundaa T, Munkhjargal T. Pasteurellosis in camels in Southern Mongolia: A case report. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE 2024; 46:e000624. [PMID: 39391783 PMCID: PMC11466242 DOI: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm000624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic septicemia (pasteurellosis) in animals, caused by Pasteurella multocida Trevisan 1887, is a significant but previously undocumented disease in Mongolian camels. Pasteurella multocida, a small Gram-negative coccobacillus, typically exists commensal in the nasopharynx of camels but can cause severe illness under certain environmental stressors. This study reports the first case of cameline hemorrhagic septicemia in Gobi region of Mongolia, specifically in Umnugobi province, where acute septicemia affected 26 camels, resulting in 10 deaths within 24-48 hours. Clinical signs included depression, inappetence, lethargy, increased rectal temperature, and paralysis of the lower lip. Surviving camels responded to treatment with Lactate Ringer solution and antibiotics. Postmortem examinations revealed acute pulmonary congestion and necrotic liver. Molecular diagnostic test, PCR, confirmed the presence of P. multocida with the identification of the KMT1 gene. This case underscores the potential for significant economic losses due to hemorrhagic septicemia in camels and highlights the need for early detection and treatment to mitigate its impact. The initial attempt at implementing a vaccination program effectively controlled the potential further outbreak. This study emphasizes the importance of continuous surveillance and preventive measures in managing hemorrhagic septicemia in livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myagmar Erdenechimeg
- Veterinarian, School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Zaisan–17024, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
- Veterinarian, Department of Veterinary Services, Umnugobi province, Mongolia
| | - Gurdorj Soyolmaa
- Veterinarian, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Science, Zaisan–17042, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Guofeng Cheng
- Veterinarian, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tsogtsaikhan Bayarsaikhan
- Veterinarian, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Science, Zaisan–17042, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | | - Tseveenjav Lundaa
- Veterinarian, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Science, Zaisan–17042, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Tserendorj Munkhjargal
- Veterinarian, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Science, Zaisan–17042, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
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Shender LA, Cody T, Ruder M, Fenton H, Niedringhaus KD, Blanton J, Motes J, Schmedes S, Forys E. Heavy Rainfall, Sewer Overflows, and Salmonellosis in Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger). ECOHEALTH 2022; 19:203-215. [PMID: 35655049 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-022-01596-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Extreme weather events, particularly heavy rainfall, are occurring at greater frequency with climate change. Although adverse human health effects from heavy rainfall are often publicized, impacts to free-ranging wildlife populations are less well known. We first summarize documented associations of heavy rainfall on wildlife health. We then report a novel investigation of a salmonellosis outbreak in a colony of black skimmers (Rynchops niger) in Florida, USA. During June-September 2016, heavy rainfall resulted in the discharge of millions of gallons of untreated wastewater into the Tampa Bay system, contaminating the water body, where adult skimmers foraged. At least 48 fledglings died, comprising 39% of the colony's nesting season's offspring. Of eight examined deceased birds from the colony, six had a systemic salmonellosis infection. Isolates were identified as Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium. Their pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns were identical to each other and matched those from several human Salmonella sp. infections. Differences among whole-genome sequences were negligible. These findings and the outbreak's epidemic curve suggest propagated transmission occurred within the colony. A multidisciplinary and One Health approach is recommended to mitigate any adverse effects of climate change-driven stochastic events, especially when they place already imperiled wildlife at further risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Shender
- Biological Resources Division, National Park Service, 1201 Oakridge Dr., Fort Collins, CO, USA.
- Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Theresa Cody
- Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Mark Ruder
- Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, Georgia
| | - Heather Fenton
- Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, Georgia
- Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, St. Kitts, Basseterre, West Indies, USA
| | - Kevin D Niedringhaus
- Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, Georgia
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jason Blanton
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Florida Department of Health, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Jessy Motes
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Florida Department of Health, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Sarah Schmedes
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Florida Department of Health, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Elizabeth Forys
- Environmental Studies Discipline, Eckerd College, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
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da Silva Andrade J, Loiko MR, Schmidt C, Vidalett MR, Lopes BC, Cerva C, Varela APM, Tochetto C, Maciel ALG, Bertagnolli AC, Rodrigues RO, Roehe PM, Lunge VR, Mayer FQ. Molecular survey of Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex pathogens in Brazilian wild boars. Prev Vet Med 2022; 206:105698. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2022.105698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kutzer P, Szentiks CA, Bock S, Fritsch G, Magyar T, Schulze C, Semmler T, Ewers C. Re-Emergence and Spread of Haemorrhagic Septicaemia in Germany: The Wolf as a Vector? Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091999. [PMID: 34576894 PMCID: PMC8465458 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 2010, outbreaks of haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) caused by Pasteurella (P.) multocida capsular type B (PmB) emerged in Germany. In 2017, we noticed a close spatiotemporal relationship between HS outbreak sites and wolf (Canis lupus) territories. Thus, the main objectives of our study were to investigate the molecular epidemiology of German PmB-HS-isolates and to assess the role of wolves as putative vectors of this pathogen. We collected 83 PmB isolates from HS outbreaks that occurred between 2010 and 2019 and sampled 150 wolves, which were found dead in the years 2017 to 2019, revealing another three PmB isolates. A maximum-likelihood-based phylogeny of the core genomes of 65 PmB-HS-isolates and the three PmB-wolf-isolates showed high relatedness. Furthermore, all belonged to capsular:LPS:MLST genotype B:L2:ST122RIRDC and showed highly similar virulence gene profiles, but clustered separately from 35 global ST122RIRDC strains. Our data revealed that German HS outbreaks were caused by a distinct genomic lineage of PmB-ST122 strains, hinting towards an independent, ongoing epidemiologic event. We demonstrated for the first time, that carnivores, i.e., wolves, might harbour PmB as a part of their oropharyngeal microbiota. Furthermore, the results of our study imply that wolves can carry the pathogen over long distances, indicating a major role of that animal species in the ongoing epidemiological event of HS in Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kutzer
- Landeslabor Berlin-Brandenburg, 15236 Frankfurt (Oder), Germany; (S.B.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-335-5217-2118
| | - Claudia A. Szentiks
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, 10315 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Sabine Bock
- Landeslabor Berlin-Brandenburg, 15236 Frankfurt (Oder), Germany; (S.B.); (C.S.)
| | - Guido Fritsch
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, 10315 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Tibor Magyar
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Eötvös Lóránd Research Network (ELKH), 1143 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Christoph Schulze
- Landeslabor Berlin-Brandenburg, 15236 Frankfurt (Oder), Germany; (S.B.); (C.S.)
| | - Torsten Semmler
- Microbial Genomics, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Christa Ewers
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute for Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
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A large-scale fatal outbreak of Pasteurella multocida among wild rodents in southwestern China. JOURNAL OF BIOSAFETY AND BIOSECURITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jobb.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Cuevas I, Carbonero A, Cano D, García-Bocanegra I, Amaro MÁ, Borge C. Antimicrobial resistance of Pasteurella multocida type B isolates associated with acute septicemia in pigs and cattle in Spain. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:222. [PMID: 32605567 PMCID: PMC7325301 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02442-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pasteurella multocida is the etiological agent responsible for several diseases in a wide range of hosts around the world and thus, causes serious economic losses. Acute septicemia associated with capsular type B P. multocida has recently emerged in Europe and continuous outbreaks of these acute processes have been described in Spain since they were first detected in pigs in 2009 and cattle in 2015. The scarcity of studies on the antimicrobial susceptibility of this capsular type of P. multocida and growing concern about the general increase of antimicrobial resistance mean that studies related to the performance of type B P. multocida against antibiotics are necessary to establish accurate treatments and to monitor antimicrobial resistances. RESULTS Seventy-six isolates of P. multocida type B from pigs and cattle with acute septicemia were tested for susceptibility to 10 different antimicrobials. Bovine isolates were susceptible to all the antibiotics we tested except for lincomycin (94.4% of isolates were resistant). However, the antimicrobials we tested were less effective against swine isolates, of which none were susceptible to lincomycin. Furthermore, 29.3% swine isolates were resistant to tetracycline, 27.6% to penicillin, 20.7% to oxytetracycline, 17.3% to chloramphenicol, 15.5% to gentamicin, and 3.4% to enrofloxacin; no resistance to ceftiofur was detected. No multidrug resistant isolates were detected from cattle, while 25.86% of swine isolates were resistant to three or more antibiotic classes. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the lower resistance rates and multidrug resistant isolates reported for P. multocida type B derived from cattle compared to those isolated from pigs may be related to the increased use of antibiotics in the porcine industry in Spain. Lincomycin is not recommended for the treatment of acute septicemia in pigs or cattle, rather, the use of ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, or gentamicin is indicated as an emergency treatment in the early stages of disease; once the susceptibility results are known, the use of tetracyclines, penicillin, or chloramphenicol should be prioritized. The increase in multidrug resistant isolates and antimicrobial resistance rates indicates that more attention should be paid to prevention as well as the responsible use of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Cuevas
- Department of Animal Health (AGR-149). Campus of International Agri-Food Excellence CeiA3, University of Córdoba, Rabanales University Campus, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alfonso Carbonero
- Department of Animal Health (AGR-149). Campus of International Agri-Food Excellence CeiA3, University of Córdoba, Rabanales University Campus, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - David Cano
- Department of Animal Health (AGR-149). Campus of International Agri-Food Excellence CeiA3, University of Córdoba, Rabanales University Campus, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ignacio García-Bocanegra
- Department of Animal Health (AGR-149). Campus of International Agri-Food Excellence CeiA3, University of Córdoba, Rabanales University Campus, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel Ángel Amaro
- Department of Bromatology. Campus of International Agri-Food Excellence CeiA3, University of Córdoba, Rabanales University Campus, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Borge
- Department of Animal Health (AGR-149). Campus of International Agri-Food Excellence CeiA3, University of Córdoba, Rabanales University Campus, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
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Cuevas I, Carbonero A, Cano D, Pacheco IL, Marín JC, Borge C. First outbreak of bovine haemorrhagic septicaemia caused by Pasteurella multocida type B in Spain - Short communication. Acta Vet Hung 2020; 68:8-11. [PMID: 32384069 DOI: 10.1556/004.2020.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the first documented outbreak of haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) caused by Pasteurella multocida type B in cattle in Spain. This acute, highly fatal septicaemia causes major economic losses in cattle and buffaloes in many areas of Asia and Africa. In other species and in European countries it is an infrequently reported disease. Acute septicaemic pasteurellosis occurred in a free-range farm of 150 cattle and 70 beef calves in Southern Spain. Twenty-one calves and one cow were affected, of which three calves and the adult cow died. Postmortem examination revealed characteristic oedema in the ventral area of the neck and the brisket region, and widespread haemorrhages in all organs. Pure cultures of P. multocida were obtained from all tissues and organs studied. The aetiological agent was further confirmed by molecular and biochemical analysis as P. multocida capsular type B, biovar 3. Although the source of infection could not be determined, wildlife may play an important role. The use of tulathromycin in the initial stage of the disease might be related to the low morbidity and mortality of this outbreak. After using an autogenous vaccine no more cases of HS were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Cuevas
- 1Department of Animal Health (AGR-149) , Campus of International Agri-Food Excellence CeiA3, Edificio Sanidad Animal 2a Planta, Campus Universitario Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alfonso Carbonero
- 1Department of Animal Health (AGR-149) , Campus of International Agri-Food Excellence CeiA3, Edificio Sanidad Animal 2a Planta, Campus Universitario Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - David Cano
- 1Department of Animal Health (AGR-149) , Campus of International Agri-Food Excellence CeiA3, Edificio Sanidad Animal 2a Planta, Campus Universitario Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Isabel L. Pacheco
- 2Department of Pathological Anatomy, Campus of International Agri-Food Excellence CeiA3, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan C. Marín
- 1Department of Animal Health (AGR-149) , Campus of International Agri-Food Excellence CeiA3, Edificio Sanidad Animal 2a Planta, Campus Universitario Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
- 3Veterinary Consultant, Ruminant Specialist, Córdoba, 14071, Spain
| | - Carmen Borge
- 1Department of Animal Health (AGR-149) , Campus of International Agri-Food Excellence CeiA3, Edificio Sanidad Animal 2a Planta, Campus Universitario Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
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Robinson S, Milner‐Gulland EJ, Grachev Y, Salemgareyev A, Orynbayev M, Lushchekina A, Morgan E, Beauvais W, Singh N, Khomenko S, Cammack R, Kock R. Opportunistic bacteria and mass mortality in ungulates: lessons from an extreme event. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Robinson
- Department of Zoology University of Oxford Oxford OX2 6GG UK
| | | | - Yuri Grachev
- Institute of Zoology 93 Al Farabi Street, Akademgorodok Almaty 480060 Kazakhstan
| | - Albert Salemgareyev
- Association for the Conservation of Biodiversity of Kazakhstan 18 Beibitshilik Street Astana 020000 Kazakhstan
| | - Mukhit Orynbayev
- Laboratory for Monitoring of Bacterial and Viral Infections Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems 2‐13 Pionerskaya Street Gvardeiskiy Kordaiskiy Rayon, Zhambylskaya Oblast 080409 Kazakhstan
| | - Anna Lushchekina
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation 33 Lenin Prospekt Moscow 119071 Russia
| | - Eric Morgan
- Institute for Global Food Security Queen's University Belfast University Road Belfast BT7 1NN UK
| | - Wendy Beauvais
- Ivanek Laboratory Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine 602 Tower Road Ithaca New York 14853‐6401 USA
| | - Navinder Singh
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Almas Allé 8 Umea Västerbotten SE‐901 83 Sweden
| | - Sergei Khomenko
- Animal Production and Health Division Food and Agriculture Organisation Viale delle Terme di Caracalla Rome 00153 Italy
| | - Rosie Cammack
- University of Oxford, Saint Hilda's College Oxford OX4 1DY UK
| | - Richard Kock
- Pathobiology and Population Sciences Royal Veterinary College 4 Royal College Street London NW1 0TU UK
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Orynbayev M, Sultankulova K, Sansyzbay A, Rystayeva R, Shorayeva K, Namet A, Fereidouni S, Ilgekbayeva G, Barakbayev K, Kopeyev S, Kock R. Biological characterization of Pasteurella multocida present in the Saiga population. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:37. [PMID: 30744550 PMCID: PMC6371526 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1407-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study provides biochemical and molecular genetic characteristics of P. multocida isolated from dead saigas in 1988, 2010–2015 on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Results Bacteriological samples taken from carcasses of saiga antelope during mortality events recorded in West Kazakhstan in both 2010 and 2011 and in Kostanay in 2012 and 2015 confirmed the presence of P. multocida, according to morphological and biochemical characterisation. Only in the event of 2015 was the agent proven to be the causative agent of the disease observed, haemorrhagic septicaemia. In the other mortality events it is not certain if the organism was a primary aetiology or an incidental finding as confirmatory pathological investigation was not undertaken. The implemented phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal RNA 16S gene allowed us to identify Pasteurella strains isolated in 2010–2015 as P. multocida subspecies multocida. Capsular typing by PCR showed that the studied strains isolated from dead saiga in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2015 belonged to serotype B. MLST analysis showed that these strains of P. multocida are of the capsule type B and form one clonal grouping with isolates ST64, ST44, ST45, ST46, ST44, ST47 which isolated from cases of hemorrhagic septicemia of animals in Hungary, Burma, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Spain. Sixteen virulence genes of the five strains of P. multocida, isolated from saigas were studied using multiplex PCR. ptfA, ompA, ompH, oma87, plpB, fimA, hsf-2, pfhA, exbB, tonB, hgbA, fur, nanB, nanH and pmHAS genes were detected in all strains. The toxA gene was not identified in the studied strains. The phylogenies of these isolates is compared across saiga populations and years and the 2015 isolate was compared to that of an isolate from a disease outbreak in 1988 and the findings suggest that these isolated bacteria are stable commensals, opportunistically pathogenic, being phylogenetically uniform with very little genetic variation notable over the last 4 decades. Conclusion Isolation, phenotypic and genetic characterization of the P. multocida isolates inform understanding of the epidemiology of infection in saigas and predict virulent potential of these opportunistic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukhit Orynbayev
- Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan - Science Committee, 080409, Gvardeiskiy, Kordaiskiy rayon, Zhambylskaya oblast, Republic of Kazakhstan.
| | - Kulyaisan Sultankulova
- Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan - Science Committee, 080409, Gvardeiskiy, Kordaiskiy rayon, Zhambylskaya oblast, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Abylay Sansyzbay
- Kazakh National Agrarian University, 050010, Almaty, Abai Avenue 8, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Rashida Rystayeva
- Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan - Science Committee, 080409, Gvardeiskiy, Kordaiskiy rayon, Zhambylskaya oblast, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Kamshat Shorayeva
- Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan - Science Committee, 080409, Gvardeiskiy, Kordaiskiy rayon, Zhambylskaya oblast, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Aidar Namet
- Kazakh Scientific Research Veterinary Institute, 050016, Almaty, Raymbek Avenue 223, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Sasan Fereidouni
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gulnaz Ilgekbayeva
- Kazakh National Agrarian University, 050010, Almaty, Abai Avenue 8, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Kainar Barakbayev
- Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan - Science Committee, 080409, Gvardeiskiy, Kordaiskiy rayon, Zhambylskaya oblast, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Syrym Kopeyev
- Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan - Science Committee, 080409, Gvardeiskiy, Kordaiskiy rayon, Zhambylskaya oblast, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Richard Kock
- Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Herts, AL9 7TA, UK
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Gil Molino M, Risco Pérez D, Gonçalves Blanco P, Fernandez Llario P, Quesada Molina A, García Sánchez A, Cuesta Gerveno JM, Gómez Gordo L, Martín Cano FE, Pérez Martínez R, Varela Fernández E, Rey Pérez J. Outbreaks of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella Choleraesuis in wild boars piglets from central-western Spain. Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 66:225-233. [PMID: 30144295 PMCID: PMC7168558 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis is the aetiological agent of swine paratyphoid being a highly invasive zoonotic pathogen. Wild boar natural populations are experiencing a demographical expansion as well as some farms are breeding this species to release for hunting with management sometimes identical to that of domestic pigs, including supplementation, grouping, and antibiotic treatments. This situation increases the chance of contact between wild boars and livestock, and potentially induces stress, with different sanitary consequences. The present work aims to describe the clinical features of recent outbreaks caused by S. Choleraesuis in wild boar from central-western Spain, as well as the antimicrobial resistance and phylogenetic relationships of isolates involved. 28 strains of S. Choleraesuis were isolated from 28 different wild boars belonging to 10 different game states located in central western Spain and submitted to the Clinical Veterinary Hospital (CVH) of the University of Extremadura. Samples were taken from different organs and cultured according to the ISO 6579:2002 procedure. Suspicious colonies were identified by PCR and antimicrobial resistance was evaluated by disc diffusion susceptibility test and the presence of the main resistance genes as well as 18 plasmid replicons frequently found among the Enterobacteriaceae was verified by PCR. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis was applied to determine the genetic relationship between isolates. The outbreaks under study were characterized by high mortality (35%-84%) and a septicaemic presentation. S. Choleraesuis was isolated from all the wild boars analysed, and 26 of the 28 isolates presented resistance to at least one antibiotic. The predominant resistances found were against sulphonamide, streptomycin, tetracycline, and doxicicline and sul1, strA-strB, and tetA were the most prevalent resistance genes among isolates. 10 strains carried FIIA, FIB+H/1 or FIIA+H/1 plasmids. PFGE classified the isolates into four different profiles, grouped into two clusters. This results show that prevention against S. Choleraesuis must be considered in the sanitary programs of the wild boar breeders.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Gil Molino
- Facultad de VeterinariaUnidad de Patología InfecciosaUniversidad de ExtremaduraCáceresSpain
| | | | | | | | - Alberto Quesada Molina
- Facultad de VeterinariaDepartamento de BioquimicaBiologia Molecular y GeneticaUniversidad de ExtremaduraCaceresSpain
- INBIO G+CUniversidad de ExtremaduraCaceresSpain
| | | | | | - Luis Gómez Gordo
- Facultad de VeterinariaUnidad de Anatomía PatológicaUniversidad de ExtremaduraCaceresSpain
| | | | - Remigio Pérez Martínez
- Facultad de VeterinariaUnidad de Patología InfecciosaUniversidad de ExtremaduraCáceresSpain
| | - Elisa Varela Fernández
- Facultad de VeterinariaUnidad de Patología InfecciosaUniversidad de ExtremaduraCáceresSpain
| | - Joaquín Rey Pérez
- Facultad de VeterinariaUnidad de Patología InfecciosaUniversidad de ExtremaduraCáceresSpain
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Jiménez Martínez MÁ, Gasper DJ, Carmona Muciño MDC, Terio KA. Suidae and Tayassuidae. PATHOLOGY OF WILDLIFE AND ZOO ANIMALS 2018. [PMCID: PMC7150131 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-805306-5.00008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The Suidae and Tayassuidae live on all continents except Antarctica. True wild boars were indigenous to Europe and Asia and are the ancestors to the domestic pig; with whom they share the same scientific name Sus scrofa. Wild boars have been introduced to the Americas and many islands. Because of the close genetic relationship, in many areas they have interbred with domestic pigs and formed considerable populations of feral suids that represent wild boar and feral pig crosses. Wild suid populations are relatively hardy and most disease research has been focused on their potential as a reservoir for diseases of concern for commercial pig production. The Togian Island babirusa, pygmy hog, Visayan warty pig, Javan warty pig, and Chacoan peccary are endangered. For all species, hunting, habitat loss, and hybridization are important threats to conservation.
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Vadillo S, San-Juan C, Calderón M, Risco D, Fernández-Llario P, Pérez-Sancho M, Redondo E, Hurtado MA, Igeño MI. Isolation of Brachyspira species from farmed wild boar in Spain. Vet Rec 2017; 181:vetrec-2017-104348. [PMID: 28765497 DOI: 10.1136/vr.104348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Vadillo
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Carlos San-Juan
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Marta Calderón
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - David Risco
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | | | | | - Eloy Redondo
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Miguel A Hurtado
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - M Isabel Igeño
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, IPROCAR, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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Risco D, Cuesta JM, Fernández-Llario P, Salguero FJ, Gonçalves P, García-Jiménez WL, Martínez R, Velarde R, de Mendoza MH, Gómez L, de Mendoza JH. Pathological observations of porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) in the wild boar (Sus scrofa). EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-015-0937-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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FATAL CASE OFSTREPTOCOCCUS SUISINFECTION IN A YOUNG WILD BOAR (SUS SCROFA) FROM SOUTHWESTERN SPAIN. J Zoo Wildl Med 2015; 46:370-3. [DOI: 10.1638/2014-0135r1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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