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Glass DJ, al-Tameemi Z, Farquhar S. Advancing an individual-community health nexus: Survey, visual, and narrative meanings of mental and physical health for Arab emerging adults. SSM - MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 4:100281. [PMID: 38188867 PMCID: PMC10767648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmmh.2023.100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Delaney J. Glass
- The University of Washington, Departments of Anthropology and Epidemiology, USA
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Puplampu VA, Silversides HP, Phillips KLR. A Scoping Review on Older Adults from Africa Social Connectedness Experiences in North America. J Cross Cult Gerontol 2023:10.1007/s10823-023-09479-1. [PMID: 37209245 DOI: 10.1007/s10823-023-09479-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The percentage of older adult immigrants in Canada and the United States is increasing with older adult immigrants from Africa forming a small proportion of the population, but one of the fastest growing groups in the area. Depending on the circumstances leading to the move, migration can be very stressful, especially for older adults. The purpose of this scoping review is to summarize the evidence on the social connectedness of older African immigrants in Canada and the United States. The researchers searched databases including Cochrane Library, BMJ Online, CINAHL, Medline (Ovid), PsycInfo (Ovid), PsycArticles (Ovid), Web of Science, SpringerLINK, CBCA Canadian Business and Current Affairs Database, Academic Search Complete, Sage Journals Online, ABI/Inform, Emerald Fulltext, Expanded Academic ASAP, General OneFile, Joanna Briggs Institute EBP Database, Journals@Ovid, JSTOR, Oxford Journals Online, Taylor & Francis Journals, Wiley Online Library, ProQuest Dissertations and Thesis Global, and Google Scholar from 2000-2020. Four manuscripts met the search inclusion criteria of published peer-reviewed and unpublished research studies in the English language on aging, older adult, social connectedness, African immigrants, Canada, and the United States. The authors found limited studies on African older adult immigrants' social connectedness in Canada and the United States with dearth of research on the older adults' access to health care, use of smart technology and social media to promote their health and social connectedness which are gaps in the literature that should be researched in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian A Puplampu
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Regina, Saskatoon Campus, 111-116 Research Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 3R3, Canada.
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Harrigan M, Bennett K, Mulrennan S, Jessup M. Living with cystic fibrosis during the COVID-19 pandemic: a social connectedness perspective. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2022; 17:2062820. [PMID: 35438049 PMCID: PMC9037166 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2022.2062820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study explores the concept of social connectedness for adults with Cystic Fibrosis (CF), generally and during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, to help inform contemporary CF healthcare. Social connectedness is an essential component of belonging and refers to an individual’s sense of closeness with the social world. Unique disease factors make exploration of social connectedness pertinent, added to by COVID-19, with the CF population potentially facing increased risk for severe illness. Methods Seventeen adults with CF in Western Australia undertook interviews, with findings categorized as overarching themes. Results In a general sense, participants described social connectedness challenges caused by CF, despite which they reported meaningful connections that benefits their mental and physical health. Within a COVID-19 specific context, participants demonstrated resilience in the face of adversity, highlighted the importance of empathy in relation to the pandemic, and described how social support is both an outcome and enhancer of social connectedness. Conclusions This study contributes to limited social connectedness literature within CF and chronic illness in general, highlighting the importance of social connectedness awareness raising, assessments and interventions in CF healthcare inside and outside the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie Harrigan
- UWA Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Unit, Institute for Respiratory Health (IRH), Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kellie Bennett
- UWA Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Siobhain Mulrennan
- UWA Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Unit, Institute for Respiratory Health (IRH), Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Cystic Fibrosis Clinic, Department of Respiratory Health, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Melanie Jessup
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Pelters P, Hertting K, Kostenius C, Lindgren EC. "This Group is Like a Home to Me:" understandings of health of LGBTQ refugees in a Swedish health-related integration intervention: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1246. [PMID: 35739521 PMCID: PMC9229128 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13641-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND When large numbers of asylum seekers immigrate to a country, civil society is encouraged to contribute to their integration. A subgroup of asylum seekers comprising lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer (LGBTQ) refugees are specifically deemed vulnerable to developing health and integration problems due to the double stigma of being a sexual/gender minority and a refugee. The Swedish Federation for LGBTQ Rights (RFSL) is a civil societal organization that has established the support group "RFSL Newcomers," a health-related integration intervention that targets such refugees. The aim of the present study is reconstructing the subjective understanding of health of LGBTQ refugees. METHODS Eleven participants in Newcomers and eight organizers were interviewed about LGBTQ refugees' experiences of migrating and participating in RFSL Newcomers. Qualitative content analysis was used to reconstruct subjective understandings of health that were constructed in these narratives. As the data did not originally concentrate on exploring understandings of health, a broad theoretical approach was used as a heuristic for the analysis, which focused on the common everyday approach of conceptualizing health as wellbeing. RESULTS The narratives revealed three interconnected, interdependent categories of understanding health in which tensions occur between wellbeing and ill-being: belonging versus alienation, security and safety versus insecurity, and recognition versus denial. The categories contribute to an overarching theme of health as framed freedom - i.e., freedom framed by conditions of society. CONCLUSIONS For our participants, belonging, recognition, and security/safety are conceptual elements of understanding health, not its social determinants. Thus, these understandings emphasize relational and existential meanings of health (theoretical implication). As for practical implications, the understandings of health were connected to being either inside or outside the Newcomers group and a new society, depending on whether LGBTQ refugees comply with social requirements. As a significant actor that is representative of the cultural majority and a facilitator of LGBTQ refugees' resettlement process, RFSL provides LGBTQ refugees with crucial orientations for becoming a "good migrant" and a "good LGBTQ person," yet a "bad bio-citizen." Generally, organizers of interventions may enhance the effectiveness of their interventions when relational, existential, and biomedical understandings of health are all incorporated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelle Pelters
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden. .,Department of Education, University of Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Krister Hertting
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Catrine Kostenius
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
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Picturing Settlement Experiences: Immigrant Women’s Senses of Comfortable and Uncomfortable Places in a Small Urban Center in Canada. JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND INTEGRATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12134-021-00903-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Caxaj CS, Cohen A. Emerging best practices for supporting temporary migrant farmworkers in Western Canada. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2021; 29:250-258. [PMID: 32652798 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the role of support people in determining migrant agricultural workers' access to, or ability to navigate, public spaces and services. While the role of support networks for this population is still in its infancy, much can be gained from understanding the emerging best practices for helping this group. Using a situational analysis research approach, we carried out 4 focus groups and 25 one-on-one interviews, recruiting a total of 30 informal and formal support people as study participants between 2018 and 2019. Data analysis occurred over a 2-year period largely simultaneously with data collection. Developing analytic maps as outlined by Clarke's approach to situational analysis, we reviewed texts and preliminary codes by organising them in terms of situations, social worlds, and discursive positions. Ultimately, we identified four best practices: (a) Anticipating and addressing barriers; (b) building trust and community; (c) acknowledging rights and system accountability and (d) bearing witness and looking to the future. Underlying these best practices was the need for support people to display 'support readiness', or specialised skills, motivation and a personal connection to migrant farmworkers. While these practices have the potential to improve migrant workers' ability to fully participate in public spaces and access public services, until systemic constraints are addressed, support people will be unable to fill the gaps in support for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Susana Caxaj
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amy Cohen
- Department of Anthropology, Okanagan College, Kelowna, BC, Canada
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Shrestha-Ranjit J, Payne D, Koziol-McLain J, Crezee I, Manias E. Availability, Accessibility, Acceptability, and Quality of Interpreting Services to Refugee Women in New Zealand. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2020; 30:1697-1709. [PMID: 32495700 PMCID: PMC7410270 DOI: 10.1177/1049732320924360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A significant number of people have been displaced from their country of origin and become refugees. Good health is essential for refugees to actively engage and take up opportunities within the society in their host countries. However, negotiating a new and unfamiliar health system hinders refugees' ability to access and make use of the available health services. Communication difficulties due to language barriers are the most commonly cited challenges faced by refugees in accessing and utilizing health services post-resettlement. In this study, we aimed to examine effectiveness of interpreting services for refugee women in New Zealand. Data were collected through three sources: focus groups with Bhutanese women, focus group with Bhutanese men, and individual interviews with health professionals. The findings of this study reveal inadequacies and constraints in the provision of a socioculturally and linguistically effective interpreting service to Bhutanese women and provide evidence for recommendations to address these inadequacies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deborah Payne
- Auckland University of Technology,
Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Ineke Crezee
- Auckland University of Technology,
Auckland, New Zealand
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Thurman WA, Harrison TC, Walker VG, Garcia AA. Pursuing Well-Being Among Rural-Dwelling Adults With Disabilities. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2019; 29:1699-1710. [PMID: 30762465 DOI: 10.1177/1049732319829153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Through this constructivist grounded theory study, it was our purpose to create a substantive theory to explain how rural-dwelling, working-age adults with disabilities define and pursue well-being. Twelve rural-dwelling participants were interviewed up to 3 times to understand the processes involved in defining and pursuing well-being. From this exploration, we suggest that well-being is not a set state to be achieved and then enjoyed, rather well-being results from establishing and maintaining membership in the rural community. Membership facilitated access to the array of material and psychological supports needed for a sense of well-being. Findings support the assumption that urban models of care are insufficient for rural areas. This study also provides an understanding of how individuals in this population mobilize resources to overcome functional limitations and environmental barriers to establish group membership and create a sense of well-being. Implications for health care practice and policy are discussed.
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Benbow S, Forchuk C, Berman H, Gorlick C, Ward-Griffin C. Spaces of Exclusion: Safety, Stigma, and Surveillance of Mothers Experiencing Homelessness. Can J Nurs Res 2019; 51:202-213. [PMID: 31282752 DOI: 10.1177/0844562119859138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of affordable housing, poverty, and intimate partner violence are among the most common reasons for homelessness among mothers and their children in Canada. Mothers experience social exclusion in compounding and debilitating ways. In the literature on social exclusion and health, rarely is safety recognized as a prominent component of social exclusion. The purpose of this critical narrative study was to better understand the unique narratives of social exclusion for mothers experiencing homelessness in Ontario. A critical narrative methodology with an intersectional lens was used. Twenty-six ( N = 26) mothers participated in the study. The overarching finding of unsafe spaces represents the unique forms of exclusion from safety participants experienced in public and private spaces. Emerging out of this overarching category are two intertwined subcategories of (a) exclusion from safety and (b) stigma: public surveillance and discrimination. Participants’ narratives of exclusion from safety signify an ecosystem of unsafe spaces. The findings illuminate and reiterate the imperative for nurses to recognize that safety is a human right and is foundational for health. Nurses can use critical self-reflection and challenge the inherent “nursing gaze” to promote spaces of support rather than surveillance and engage in political advocacy to address structural inequalities, such as gender-based violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Benbow
- 1 School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Community Studies, and Public Safety, Fanshawe College, London, ON, Canada
| | - Cheryl Forchuk
- 2 Faculty of Health Sciences, Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Helene Berman
- 2 Faculty of Health Sciences, Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Carolyne Gorlick
- 3 School of Social Work, King's College, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Catherine Ward-Griffin
- 2 Faculty of Health Sciences, Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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van Duynhoven A, Lee A, Michel R, Snyder J, Crooks V, Chow-White P, Schuurman N. Spatially exploring the intersection of socioeconomic status and Canadian cancer-related medical crowdfunding campaigns. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e026365. [PMID: 31227531 PMCID: PMC6596974 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Medical crowdfunding is a rapidly growing practice where individuals leverage social networks to raise money for health-related needs. This practice has allowed many to access healthcare and avoid medical debt but has also raised a number of ethical concerns. A dominant criticism of this practice is that it is likely to increase inequities in access to healthcare if persons from relatively wealthy backgrounds, media connections, tech-savvy and educational attainments are best positioned to use and succeed with crowdfunding. However, limited data has been published to support this claim. Our objective in this paper is to assess this concern using socioeconomic data and information from crowdfunding campaigns. SETTING To assess this concern, we present an exploratory spatial analysis of a new dataset of crowdfunding campaigns for cancer-related care by Canadian residents. PARTICIPANTS Four datasets were used: (1) a medical crowdfunding dataset that included cancer-related campaigns posted by Canadians, (2) 2016 Census Profile for aggregate dissemination areas, (3) aggregate dissemination area boundaries and (4) forward sortation area boundaries. RESULTS Our exploratory spatial analysis demonstrates that use of crowdfunding for cancer-related needs in Canada corresponds with high income, home ownership and high educational attainment. Campaigns were also commonly located near city centres. CONCLUSIONS These findings support concerns that those in positions of relative socioeconomic privilege disproportionately use crowdfunding to address health-related needs. This study was not able to determine whether other socioeconomic dimensions such as race, gender, ethnicity, nationality and linguistic fluency are also correlated with use of medical crowdfunding. Thus, we call for further research to explore the relationship between socioeconomic variables and medical crowdfunding campaigning to explore these other socioeconomic variables and campaigns for needs unrelated to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alysha van Duynhoven
- Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anthony Lee
- Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ross Michel
- Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jeremy Snyder
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Valorie Crooks
- Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peter Chow-White
- School of Communications, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nadine Schuurman
- Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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Benbow S, Forchuk C, Gorlick C, Berman H, Ward-Griffin C. "Until You Hit Rock Bottom There's No Support": Contradictory Sources and Systems of Support for Mothers Experiencing Homelessness in Southwestern Ontario. Can J Nurs Res 2019; 51:179-190. [PMID: 31046440 DOI: 10.1177/0844562119840910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nurses are vital community advocates and uniquely situated to support mothers experiencing homelessness. The purpose of this study was to examine the multidimensional nature of social exclusion in the lives of mothers experiencing homelessness in Southwestern Ontario. This article reports findings from one segment of a larger study that critically examined the sociopolitical context, health needs, exclusionary and inclusionary forces, and strategies of resistance demonstrated by mothers experiencing homelessness. Central to the women’s experiences of mothering while homeless were their interactions with “the system.” The contradictory nature of these systems was categorized into four subthemes: (1) “Until you hit rock bottom there’s no support,” (2) “It’s just not enough”: Insufficient support, (3) “Help comes with a price”: Support with surveillance, and (4) “Every shelter is so different”: Organizational philosophies impacting support. The contradictory nature of the system created an illusion of support, but in mothers’ lived realities, it perpetuated experiences of exclusion in spaces ironically designed to enhance inclusion. Implications for nursing practice include action the macro-, meso-, and microlevels. Nurses can advocate for Housing-First initiatives and evidence-informed approaches to poverty reduction while recognizing the system-level barriers to health and providing respective, compassionate care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Benbow
- 1 Faculty of Health, Community Studies, and Public Safety, School of Nursing, Fanshawe College, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheryl Forchuk
- 2 Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences
| | - Carolyne Gorlick
- 3 School of Social Work, King's College, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Helene Berman
- 2 Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences
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Double Burden of Rural Migration in Canada? Considering the Social Determinants of Health Related to Immigrant Settlement Outside the Cosmopolis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16050678. [PMID: 30813529 PMCID: PMC6427738 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16050678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
There is a large and growing body of research acknowledging the existence of health disparities between foreign-born and native-born populations in many high immigrant-receiving countries. Significant attention has been paid to the role of physical and social environments in the changing health status of immigrants over time. However, very limited attention has been given to these issues within the context of rural geographies, despite global evidence that immigrants are increasingly settling outside of traditional gateway cities and into rural communities. This paper presents the results of a scoping review aimed at assessing the state of knowledge on the health impacts of immigrant migration into rural communities in Canada. Guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping protocol, we conduct a review of academic literature in Canada related to rural migration. A total of 25 articles met inclusion criteria which included access to the social determinants of health. Findings identified a paucity of research directly connecting rural settlement to health but the literature did emphasize five distinct social determinants of health for rural residing immigrants: social inclusion, culturally-appropriate services, gender, employment, and housing. This paper concludes with an identification of research gaps and opportunities for future research into whether rural-residing immigrants face a double burden with respect to health inequity.
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Cameron NO, Muldrow AF, Stefani W. The Weight of Things: Understanding African American Women's Perceptions of Health, Body Image, and Attractiveness. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2018; 28:1242-1254. [PMID: 29357750 DOI: 10.1177/1049732317753588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Negative attitudes toward being overweight or obese are widespread, and these notions perpetuate into conceptions about one's health. Clinically, being overweight is associated with health problems such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and many other illnesses. African American women, who are generally larger in body size, are a particular target for health interventions. However, these women have resisted the "obesity" label, arguing that dominant measures of health are White norms and oppressive. Through the use of in-depth interviews, this study investigates how African American women understand and experience healthfulness, body image, and barriers to each. Findings show that African American women are ambivalent in their acceptance of dominant markers of health and expressed an almost universal disdain for the thin ideal as a marker of "good" health and a positive body image. Moreover, participants articulated a suspicion of formal medical measurements of obesity.
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