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Monari EN, Booth R, Forchuk C, Csiernik R. Black Family Members' Experiences and Interpretations of Supportive Resources for Them and Their Relatives With Substance Use Disorders: A Focused Ethnography. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:10497323241263261. [PMID: 39213134 DOI: 10.1177/10497323241263261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
While previous research explored the utilization of culturally supportive resources in multiethnic communities, there is a paucity of information regarding culturally relevant resources for Black Canadian family members. The study explored Black family members' experiences and interpretations regarding access to culturally supportive resources for family members and their relatives who suffer from substance use disorders. Black family members are defined as African Canadians, Caribbean Canadians, or Caribbean Blacks. A focused ethnography was conducted with a purposive sample of 26 Black family members in Ontario, Canada. The interviews were conducted from June to September 2021. Seventeen participants originated from parts of Africa, and nine were from different parts of the Caribbean. The participants comprised mothers (n = 5), fathers (n = 2), step-fathers (n = 1), husbands (n = 1), wives (n = 2), uncles (n = 5), aunties (n = 2), siblings (n = 5), in-laws (n = 2), and guardians (n = 1). Leininger's four Phases of Ethnonursing Qualitative Data Analysis were used for data analysis. Three themes were generated: (1) Navigating Existing Options and Resources for Families and Their Relatives; (2) Drawing upon Religion and Spirituality as Perceived Resources; and (3) Call for Culturally Relevant Programs for Substance Use Disorders Harm Reduction. Participants described experiencing a lack of culturally relevant resources and subsequently opting to navigate other resources. One such option was to send their relatives back to their country of origin to access cultural rehabilitation treatment options. There is a significant need for guidelines and policies regarding creating timely access to culturally relevant resources in Canada that support families and their relatives towards harm reduction and recovery outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther N Monari
- Faculty of Nursing, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, NL, Canada
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Richard Booth
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Cheryl Forchuk
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Parkwood Institute Research, London, ON, Canada
| | - Rick Csiernik
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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Dheensa S, Morgan K, Love B, Cramer H. Researching Men's Violence Against Women as Feminist Women Researchers: The Tensions We Face. Violence Against Women 2024; 30:347-371. [PMID: 36325732 PMCID: PMC10775629 DOI: 10.1177/10778012221134823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Qualitative and feminist researchers aim to build rapport, show empathy, be non-judgemental, and equalise power imbalances. A crucial challenge researchers face is how to navigate and balance competing aims and values when interacting with and interviewing participants who have perpetrated intimate partner violence and abuse towards women. In this article, four female researchers evaluating perpetrator programmes for abusive men use reflexive analysis to identify the tensions encountered in such research. We outline how these tensions affected us and the data produced, and end with recommendations, which we hope will help prepare researchers, particularly women, for conducting interviews with violent/abusive men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandi Dheensa
- Domestic Violence and Abuse Health Research Group, Centre for Academic Primary Care, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Karen Morgan
- Domestic Violence and Abuse Health Research Group, Centre for Academic Primary Care, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Beverly Love
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Helen Cramer
- Domestic Violence and Abuse Health Research Group, Centre for Academic Primary Care, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Gilchrist G, Dheensa S, Johnson A, Henderson J, Radcliffe P, Dwyer G, Turner R, Thomson K, Papastavrou Brooks C, Love B, Zenasni Z, Berbary C, Carter B, Parrott S, Li J, Easton C, Bergman C, Feder G, Gilchrist E. Adapting the ADVANCE group program for digitally-supported delivery to reduce intimate partner violence by men in substance use treatment: a feasibility study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1253126. [PMID: 38328518 PMCID: PMC10847362 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1253126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 restrictions created barriers to "business as usual" in healthcare but also opened the door to innovation driven by necessity. This manuscript (1) describes how ADVANCE, an in-person group perpetrator program to reduce intimate partner violence (IPV) against female (ex)partners by men in substance use treatment, was adapted for digitally-supported delivery (ADVANCE-D), and (2) explores the feasibility and acceptability of delivering ADVANCE-D to men receiving substance use treatment. Methods Firstly, the person-based approach and mHealth development framework were used to iteratively adapt ADVANCE for digitally-supported delivery including conceptualization, formative research, and pre-testing. Then, a non-randomized feasibility study was conducted to assess male participants' eligibility, recruitment, and attendance rates and uptake of support offered to their (ex)partners. Exploratory analyses on reductions in IPV perpetration (assessed using the Abusive Behavior Inventory; ABI) and victimization (using the revised ABI; ABI-R) at the end of the program were performed. Longitudinal qualitative interviews with participants, their (ex)partners, and staff provided an understanding of the program's implementation, acceptability, and outcomes. Results The adapted ADVANCE-D program includes one goal-setting session, seven online groups, 12 self-directed website sessions, and 12 coaching calls. ADVANCE-D includes enhanced risk management and support for (ex)partners. Forty-five participants who had perpetrated IPV in the past 12 months were recruited, forty of whom were offered ADVANCE-D, attending 11.4 (SD 9.1) sessions on average. Twenty-one (ex)partners were recruited, 13 of whom accepted specialist support. Reductions in some IPV perpetration and victimization outcome measures were reported by the 25 participants and 11 (ex)partners interviewed pre and post-program, respectively. Twenty-two participants, 11 (ex)partners, 12 facilitators, and 7 integrated support service workers were interviewed at least once about their experiences of participation. Overall, the program content was well-received. Some participants and facilitators believed digital sessions offered increased accessibility. Conclusion The digitally-supported delivery of ADVANCE-D was feasible and acceptable. Remote delivery has applicability post-pandemic, providing greater flexibility and access. Given the small sample size and study design, we do not know if reductions in IPV were due to ADVANCE-D, time, participant factors, or chance. More research is needed before conclusions can be made about the efficacy of ADVANCE-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Gilchrist
- National Addiction Center, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sandi Dheensa
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Johnson
- School of Health in Social Science, Department of Clinical Psychology, Center for Psychological Therapies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Juliet Henderson
- National Addiction Center, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Polly Radcliffe
- National Addiction Center, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Georges Dwyer
- National Addiction Center, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Turner
- National Addiction Center, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Thomson
- School of Health in Social Science, Department of Clinical Psychology, Center for Psychological Therapies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Cat Papastavrou Brooks
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Beverly Love
- National Addiction Center, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zohra Zenasni
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cassandra Berbary
- College of Health Sciences and Technology, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Ben Carter
- National Addiction Center, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Parrott
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Jinshuo Li
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Easton
- College of Health Sciences and Technology, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States
| | | | - Gene Feder
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Gilchrist
- School of Health in Social Science, Department of Clinical Psychology, Center for Psychological Therapies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Mkandawire-Valhmu L, Callari-Robinson J, Schadewald D, Abusbaitan H, Pirsch A, Luebke J, Marquardt L, Schubert E, Kibicho J, Lopez A, Gondwe K, Rice E, Bement K, Morgan M, McClain R, Kako P, Raghe F, Hunter CF, Ayad C, Dressel A. A protocol for the safe recruitment of Indigenous and Black women experiencing intimate partner violence during the COVID-19 pandemic into a large mixed methods study: The Sisters by Choice Study. Glob Public Health 2024; 19:2290122. [PMID: 38158725 PMCID: PMC10764067 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2023.2290122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a complex and pervasive public health problem disproportionately affecting Indigenous and Black women. During the COVID-19 pandemic, IPV became more complicated for advocates because social distancing, quarantine, and isolation measures further endangered women experiencing IPV. This manuscript is based on an ongoing community-engaged study in an upper Midwestern state. Our primary goal for this study is to generate urgently needed knowledge on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Indigenous and Black women's help-seeking behaviours following IPV by systematically documenting barriers women faced during the pandemic. Engaging women in a large study that seeks to garner information about their experiences of violence is complex and challenging and requires significant planning, especially for ensuring participants' safety. In this write-up, we detail the safety planning protocol developed for the purposes of recruiting and engaging women in rural and urban areas in an upper Midwestern state in the United States. Our goal is to provide scholars conducting research in the area of violence with practical considerations for safely conducting a study of this nature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elizabeth Rice
- Lac Courte Oreilles Women’s Shelter Director & Tribal Governments TTA Coordinator at Red Wind Consulting, Inc
| | | | | | | | | | - Faria Raghe
- Advocate FRB Interpreter and Translation Services
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Dheensa S, Halliwell G, Johnson A, Henderson J, Love B, Radcliffe P, Gilchrist L, Gilchrist G. Perspectives on Motivation and Change in an Intervention for Men Who Use Substances and Perpetrate Intimate Partner Abuse: Findings From a Qualitative Evaluation of the Advance Intervention. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP13342-NP13372. [PMID: 33715489 PMCID: PMC9326801 DOI: 10.1177/0886260521997436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite consistent evidence that substance use is a contributory risk factor for perpetration of intimate partner abuse (IPA), little evidence exists for effective interventions for male IPA perpetrators who use substances. The Advance intervention aimed to meet this need. This 16-week intervention addressed both IPA and substance use, and was for men accessing substance use treatment who had perpetrated IPA toward a female (ex-)partner within the last 12 months. Two key theories underpinned the intervention: goal theory and self-regulation theory. In this article, we aim to illustrate the views of men and substance use treatment staff on men's motivations to change, the ways in which men and staff said that men had changed their behavior, and the aspects of the intervention that they reported were key in the process of change. Using framework analysis, we analyzed data from 12 men who took part in the intervention as well as 31 staff members from substance use treatment services. Our five overarching themes were personal goal setting and motivation; recognition of IPA and the substance using lifestyle; improved self-regulation; considering the impact on others; and learning together in a group. Men and staff valued having a program that integrated IPA and substance use and thought the program was unique and much needed. Moreover, our findings suggest that goal theory, self-regulation, and more broadly, motivational and strengths-based approaches with practice-based activities, may be beneficial for effecting change in the substance using perpetrator population. However, further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of the intervention. Overall, our findings highlight the value of using qualitative outcome measures of perpetrator programs to complement quantitative measures of impact.
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Gilchrist G, Landau S, Dheensa S, Henderson J, Johnson A, Love B, Potts L, Radcliffe P, Zenasni Z, Parrott S, Li J, Thomson K, Dwyer GJ, Turner R, Halliwell G, Berbary C, Bergman C, Feder G, Easton C, Brooks CP, Gilchrist E. The feasibility of delivering the ADVANCE digital intervention to reduce intimate partner abuse by men receiving substance use treatment: protocol for a non-randomised multi-centre feasibility study and embedded process evaluation. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:163. [PMID: 35907900 PMCID: PMC9338654 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-01116-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared to men in the general population, men in substance use treatment are more likely to perpetrate intimate partner abuse (IPA). The ADVANCE group intervention for men in substance use treatment is tailored to address substance use and IPA in an integrated way. In a feasibility trial pre-COVID, men who received the ADVANCE intervention via face-to-face group delivery showed reductions in IPA perpetration. Due to COVID-19, ADVANCE was adapted for remote digital delivery. METHODS/DESIGN This mixed-methods non-randomised feasibility study, with a nested process evaluation, will explore the feasibility and acceptability of delivering the ADVANCE digital intervention to men in substance use treatment who have perpetrated IPA towards a female partner in the past year. Sixty men will be recruited from seven substance use treatment services in Great Britain. The ADVANCE digital intervention comprises a preparatory one-to-one session with a facilitator to set goals, develop a personal safety plan, and increase motivation and a preparatory online group to prepare men for taking part in the intervention. The core intervention comprises six fortnightly online group sessions and 12 weekly self-directed website sessions to recap and practise skills learned in the online group sessions. Each website session is followed by a one-to-one video/phone coaching session with a facilitator. Men will also receive their usual substance use treatment. Men's female (ex) partners will be invited to provide outcome data and offered support from integrated safety services (ISS). Outcome measures for men and women will be sought post intervention (approximately 4 months post male baseline interview). Feasibility parameters to be estimated include eligibility, suitability, consent, recruitment, attendance, retention and follow-up rates. In-depth interviews or focus groups will explore the intervention's acceptability to participants, facilitators and ISS workers. A secondary focus of the study will estimate pre-post-differences in outcome measures covering substance use, IPA, mental health, self-management, health and social care service use, criminal justice contacts and quality of life. DISCUSSION Findings will inform the design of a multicentre randomised controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the ADVANCE digital intervention for reducing IPA. TRIAL REGISTRATION The feasibility study was prospectively registered: ISRCTN66619273 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Gilchrist
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 4 Windsor Walk, London, SE5 8BB, UK.
| | - Sabine Landau
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Sandi Dheensa
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Juliet Henderson
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 4 Windsor Walk, London, SE5 8BB, UK
| | - Amy Johnson
- School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, 8-9 Hope Park Square, Edinburgh, 8HQ 9NW, UK
| | - Beverly Love
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 4 Windsor Walk, London, SE5 8BB, UK
| | - Laura Potts
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Polly Radcliffe
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 4 Windsor Walk, London, SE5 8BB, UK
| | - Zohra Zenasni
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Steve Parrott
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Seebohm Rowntree Building, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Jinshuo Li
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Seebohm Rowntree Building, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Kate Thomson
- School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, 8-9 Hope Park Square, Edinburgh, 8HQ 9NW, UK
| | - Georges-Jacques Dwyer
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 4 Windsor Walk, London, SE5 8BB, UK
| | - Richard Turner
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 4 Windsor Walk, London, SE5 8BB, UK
| | - Gemma Halliwell
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Cassandra Berbary
- Rochester Institute of Technology, 153 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Ciara Bergman
- RESPECT, The Green House, 244-254 Cambridge Heath Road, London, E2 9DA, UK
| | - Gene Feder
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Caroline Easton
- Rochester Institute of Technology, 153 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Cat Papastavrou Brooks
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Elizabeth Gilchrist
- School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, 8-9 Hope Park Square, Edinburgh, 8HQ 9NW, UK
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Shrivastava S, Shrivastava P. Data collection process in qualitative research: Challenges and potential solutions. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF DR. D.Y. PATIL VIDYAPEETH 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_871_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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