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Hartmann J, Dias J, Shilo A, Bynagari Y, Garrett B, Jeske W, Manukyan Z, Mkhitaryan K, Adelmann D, Subramaniam K, Sakai T. TEG® 6s coagulation testing with a novel heparin neutralization cartridge: Technical validation and determination of normal reference ranges. Am J Clin Pathol 2024:aqae088. [PMID: 39073983 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqae088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to establish normal reference ranges (NRRs) for a novel TEG 6s cartridge (TEG 6s Citrated: K, KH, RTH, FFH [Global Hemostasis]) (Haemonetics Corporation, Boston, MA, US). METHODS Healthy volunteers (≥18 years of age) included in this single-arm study provided single samples of whole blood. Primary end points included TEG parameters in the citrated kaolin (CK), CK with heparinase (CKH), RapidTEG with heparinase (CRTH), and functional fibrinogen with heparinase (CFFH) assays. RESULTS Evaluable data were contributed by 164 volunteers (48.8% female; 62% White/Caucasian). The following NRRs were established: CK maximum amplitude (MA), 51.0 to 67.6 mm; CKH-MA, 51.8 to 67.9 mm; CRTH-MA, 53.0 to 68.9 mm; CFFH-MA, 15.3 to 34.4 mm; CK reaction time, 5.0 to 9.1 minutes; CKH reaction time, 4.9 to 9.4 minutes; CKH lysis 30 minutes after MA, 0% to 3.2%. Duplicate measurements demonstrated high reproducibility. CFFH-MA correlated with Clauss fibrinogen concentration (Pearson correlation coefficient, 0.74). Laboratory-based studies demonstrated maintenance of the relationship between CFFH-MA and fibrinogen up to 1344 mg/dL (hyperfibrinogenemic samples) and acceptability of heparin neutralization up to concentrations of low molecular weight and unfractionated heparin of 1.3 IU/mL and 5 IU/mL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study established NRRs for the Global Hemostasis cartridge and serves as a proof of concept for the validity of results obtained using this cartridge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hartmann
- Global Medical Office, Haemonetics Corporation, Boston, MA, US
| | - Joao Dias
- Global Medical Office, Haemonetics Corporation, Boston, MA, US
| | - Alexandra Shilo
- Global Medical Office, Haemonetics Corporation, Boston, MA, US
| | | | | | - Walter Jeske
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, US
| | | | | | - Dieter Adelmann
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, US
| | - Kathirvel Subramaniam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, US
| | - Tetsuro Sakai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, US
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Yin J, Li X, Li F, Lu Y, Zeng S, Zhu F. Identification of the key target profiles underlying the drugs of narrow therapeutic index for treating cancer and cardiovascular disease. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:2318-2328. [PMID: 33995923 PMCID: PMC8105181 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An appropriate therapeutic index is crucial for drug discovery and development since narrow therapeutic index (NTI) drugs with slight dosage variation may induce severe adverse drug reactions or potential treatment failure. To date, the shared characteristics underlying the targets of NTI drugs have been explored by several studies, which have been applied to identify potential drug targets. However, the association between the drug therapeutic index and the related disease has not been dissected, which is important for revealing the NTI drug mechanism and optimizing drug design. Therefore, in this study, two classes of disease (cancers and cardiovascular disorders) with the largest number of NTI drugs were selected, and the target property of the corresponding NTI drugs was analyzed. By calculating the biological system profiles and human protein–protein interaction (PPI) network properties of drug targets and adopting an AI-based algorithm, differentiated features between two diseases were discovered to reveal the distinct underlying mechanisms of NTI drugs in different diseases. Consequently, ten shared features and four unique features were identified for both diseases to distinguish NTI from NNTI drug targets. These computational discoveries, as well as the newly found features, suggest that in the clinical study of avoiding narrow therapeutic index in those diseases, the ability of target to be a hub and the efficiency of target signaling in the human PPI network should be considered, and it could thus provide novel guidance in the drug discovery and clinical research process and help to estimate the drug safety of cancer and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Yin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fengcheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yinjing Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Su Zeng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.,Alibaba-Zhejiang University Joint Research Center of Future Digital Healthcare, Hangzhou 330110, China
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3
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Paluck S, Nguyen TH, Lee JP, Maynard HD. A Heparin-Mimicking Block Copolymer Both Stabilizes and Increases the Activity of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF2). Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3386-3395. [PMID: 27580376 PMCID: PMC5059753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) is a protein involved in cellular functions in applications such as wound healing and tissue regeneration. Stabilization of this protein is important for its use as a therapeutic since the native protein is unstable during storage and delivery. Additionally, the ability to increase the activity of FGF2 is important for its application, particularly in chronic wound healing and the treatment of various ischemic conditions. Here we report a heparin mimicking block copolymer, poly(styrenesulfonate-co-poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate)-b-vinyl sulfonate) (p(SS-co-PEGMA)-b-VS, that contains a segment that enhances the stability of FGF2 and one that binds to the FGF2 receptor. The FGF2 conjugate retained activity after exposure to refrigeration (4 °C) and room temperature (23 °C) for 7 days, while unmodified FGF2 was inactive after these standard storage conditions. A cell study performed with a cell line lacking native heparan sulfate proteoglycans indicated that the conjugated block copolymer facilitated binding of FGF2 to its receptor similar to the addition of heparin to FGF2. A receptor-based enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) confirmed the results. The conjugate also increased the migration of endothelial cells by 80% compared to FGF2 alone. Additionally, the FGF2-p(SS-co-PEGMA)-b-VS stimulated endothelial cell sprouting 250% better than FGF2 at low concentration. These data verify that this rationally designed protein-block copolymer conjugate enhances receptor binding, cellular processes such as migration and tube-like formation, and stability, and suggest that it may be useful for applications in biomaterials, tissue regeneration, and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha
J. Paluck
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569 United States
| | - Thi H. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569 United States
| | - Jonghan P. Lee
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569 United States
| | - Heather D. Maynard
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569 United States
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Investigation of the antiangiogenic behaviors of rivaroxaban and low molecular weight heparins. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2014; 25:303-8. [DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000000019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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6-Methylsulfinylhexyl isothiocyanate modulates endothelial cell function and suppresses leukocyte adhesion. J Nat Med 2013; 68:144-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-013-0784-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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6
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Butt MS, Sultan MT. Selected Functional Foods for Potential in Disease Treatment and Their Regulatory Issues. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2010.551313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Farag YMK, Keithy-Reddy SR, Mittal BV, Bansal V, Fareed J, Singh AK. Modulation of platelet activation in chronic kidney disease patients on erythropoiesis-stimulating agents. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2012; 18:453-61. [PMID: 22496088 DOI: 10.1177/1076029611431954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical trials demonstrate either no benefit or increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) targeted for higher hemoglobin levels, who are treated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs). The mechanism underlying this observation remains unexplained. METHODS AND RESULTS We assessed platelet activation by measuring soluble P-selectin (sPsel), CD40 ligand (CD40L), and circulating microparticles (CMP) in patients with CKD. Higher hemoglobin levels were associated with increased Psel levels in patients on ESAs but not in ESA-naïve anemic and nonanemic patients. Psel positively correlated with CMP and CD40L in both anemic and nonanemic patients. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed an association between increased Psel levels and hemoglobin concentration in patients receiving ESAs. CONCLUSIONS Anemic CKD patients on ESAs demonstrate increased levels of markers of platelet activation. These observations suggest a potentially complex interplay between platelet activation, impaired kidney function, and treatment of CKD anemia with ESAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef M K Farag
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Wendler A, Wehling M. Translatability scoring in drug development: eight case studies. J Transl Med 2012; 10:39. [PMID: 22397594 PMCID: PMC3330010 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Translational medicine describes the transfer of basic in vitro and in vivo data into human applications. In the light of low rates of market approvals for new medical entities, better strategies to predict the risk of drug development should be used to increase output and reduce costs. Recently, a scoring system to assess the translatability of early drug projects has been proposed. Here eight drugs from different therapeutic areas have been subjected to a retrospective test-run in this system fictively located at the phase II-III transition. The scores gained here underline the importance of biomarker quality which is pivotal to decrease the risk of the project in all cases. This is particularly evident for gefitinib. The EGFR mutation status is a breakthrough biomarker to predict therapeutic success which made this compound clinically acceptable, and this is plausibly reflected by a considerable increase of the translatability score. For psychiatric and Alzheimer's drugs, and for a CETP-inhibitor, the lack of suitable biomarkers and animal models is reflected by a low translatability score, well correlating with the excessive translational risk in these areas. These case studies document the apparent utility of the scoring system, at least under retrospective conditions, as the scores correlate with the outcomes at the level of market approval. Prospective validation is still missing, but these case studies are encouraging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Wendler
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Clinical Pharmacology Mannheim, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Maybachstr,14, D-68169 Mannheim, Germany
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Pomin VH, Sharp JS, Li X, Wang L, Prestegard JH. Characterization of glycosaminoglycans by 15N NMR spectroscopy and in vivo isotopic labeling. Anal Chem 2010; 82:4078-88. [PMID: 20423049 DOI: 10.1021/ac1001383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), including chondroitin sulfate (CS), dermatan sulfate (DS), and heparan sulfate (HS), is important in developing an understanding of cellular function and in assuring quality of preparations destined for biomedical applications. While use of (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy has become common in characterization of these materials, spectra are complex and difficult to interpret when a more heterogeneous GAG type or a mixture of several types is present. Herein a method based on (1)H-(15)N two-dimensional NMR experiments is described. The (15)N- and (1)H-chemical shifts of amide signals from (15)N-containing acetylgalactosamines in CSs are shown to be quite sensitive to the sites of sulfation (4-, 6-, or 4,6-) and easily distinguishable from those of DS. The amide signals from residual (15)N-containing acetylglucosamines in HS are shown to be diagnostic of the presence of these GAG components as well. Most data were collected at natural abundance of (15)N despite its low percentage. However enrichment of the (15)N-content in GAGs using metabolic incorporation from (15)N-glutamine added to cell culture media is also demonstrated and used to distinguish metabolic states in different cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor H Pomin
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, 315 Riverbend Road, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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Anesthetic implications of the new anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs. J Clin Anesth 2008; 20:228-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2007.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2006] [Revised: 09/16/2007] [Accepted: 10/26/2007] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Lindner T, Cockbain AJ, Masry MAE, Katonis P, Tsiridis E, Schizas C, Tsiridis E. The effect of anticoagulant pharmacotherapy on fracture healing. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2008; 9:1169-87. [DOI: 10.1517/14656566.9.7.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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12
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Fareed J. New development in anticoagulant and antithrombotic therapy: Are we on the right track? Hematology 2005; 10 Suppl 1:140-1. [PMID: 16188656 DOI: 10.1080/10245330512331390203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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13
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Resnick SB, Resnick SH, Weintraub JL, Kothary N. Heparin in interventional radiology: a therapy in evolution. Semin Intervent Radiol 2005; 22:95-107. [PMID: 21326679 PMCID: PMC3036272 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-871864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Interventional radiology techniques made possible by the antithrombotic properties of heparin have revolutionized treatment for a myriad of disorders. Newer low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) offer several advantages over unfractionated heparin (UFH), especially in chronic settings. They are increasing in popularity for use during vascular procedures. However, LMWH shares limitations with UFH such as heterogeneity, nonspecificity, and induction of thrombocytopenia. These drawbacks have led to a search for the next generation of antithrombotic agents. Homogeneous drugs targeting specific coagulation cascade molecules are now available. The number of alternative anticoagulant drug combinations presents clinicians with a confusing array of choices. The strengths and weaknesses of UFH, LMWH, and direct antithrombin agents are presented. The promising future of LMWH and hirudins is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart B Resnick
- Department of Radiology, New York Presbyterian/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
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Gambetti S, Dondi A, Cervellati C, Squerzanti M, Pansini FS, Bergamini CM. Interaction with heparin protects tissue transglutaminase against inactivation by heating and by proteolysis. Biochimie 2005; 87:551-5. [PMID: 15935280 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2005.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2004] [Revised: 12/22/2004] [Accepted: 01/31/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The considerable affinity of tissue transglutaminase for heparin was the basis for use of heparin-based affinity matrices for enzyme purification. Interaction of transglutaminase with heparin might mimic the physiological binding to membrane heparan sulfates, accounting for the limited but significant fraction of enzyme exposed at cell surface to crosslink ECM proteins. Exploring effects of heparin on transglutaminase activity and stability, we have noted that heparin only slightly affects activity in vitro, but the protein against heat treatment and proteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Gambetti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ferrara, Italy
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