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Yang S, Han D, Zhou H, Yang C, Zhang K, Chen S, Yang R, Cao X, Grodberg D, Zhao X, Kang C. Validity and Cutoff Score of the Autism Mental Status Exam for an Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis in Chinese Children. J Autism Dev Disord 2023; 53:4822-4829. [PMID: 36087158 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05730-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Autism Mental Status exam (AMSE) has demonstrated excellent sensitivity and specificity in Western high-risk population with suspected autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the AMSE in a sample of high-risk Chinese children, and to determine the optimal cutoff score of the Chinese version of the AMSE in supporting ASD diagnosis. 66 young children aged from 2 to 11 years with suspected ASD were enrolled in the present study. A diagnosis of ASD or non-ASD was determined by a Best Estimate Diagnosis protocol according to the DSM-5 criteria. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to assess the validity of the AMSE and search for the most effective cutoff score. The ROC curve analysis yields the area under the ROC curve of 0.98 which represents excellent diagnostic accuracy. Findings indicate the optimal cutoff score of the Chinese version of the AMSE was estimated as 6, producing the highest sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 87%. Preliminary findings of the study suggest the AMSE has promising psychometric properties as an assessment tool for identifying ASD symptoms and supporting diagnostic decision-making in high-risk Chinese children population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuran Yang
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - Huizhi Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - Runxu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - Xia Cao
- Key Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China
| | - David Grodberg
- Yale University Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Xudong Zhao
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Chuanyuan Kang
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China.
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, China.
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Øien RA, Vambheim SM, Hart L, Nordahl-Hansen A, Erickson C, Wink L, Eisemann MR, Shic F, Volkmar FR, Grodberg D. Sex-Differences in Children Referred for Assessment: An Exploratory Analysis of the Autism Mental Status Exam (AMSE). J Autism Dev Disord 2019; 48:2286-2292. [PMID: 29423603 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-018-3488-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The autism mental status exam is an eight-item observational assessment that structures the way we observe and document signs and symptoms of ASD. Investigations of test performance indicate strong sensitivity and specificity using gold-standard assessment as reference standard. This study aims to explore potential sex differences in AMSE test performance and observations of 123 children referred for autism assessment. Results indicates more language deficits in females with ASD than in males with ASD and less sensory symptoms in females compared to males with ASD. The AMSE performance is similar in identifying ASD and non-ASD in females compared to males. Less disruptive behaviors in females, might cause a need for a bigger hit to other areas of development to raise concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roald A Øien
- Department of Psychology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, PB 6050, 9037, Tromsö, Norway. .,Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Sara M Vambheim
- Department of Psychology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, PB 6050, 9037, Tromsö, Norway
| | - Logan Hart
- Department of Psychology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, PB 6050, 9037, Tromsö, Norway.,Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Craig Erickson
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Logan Wink
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Martin R Eisemann
- Department of Psychology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, PB 6050, 9037, Tromsö, Norway
| | - Frederick Shic
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Fred R Volkmar
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David Grodberg
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Autism Spectrum Disorders and ADHD: Overlapping Phenomenology, Diagnostic Issues, and Treatment Considerations. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2019; 21:34. [PMID: 30903299 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-019-1020-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are both increasing in prevalence and commonly co-occur with each other. The goal of this review is to outline what has been published recently on the topics of ASD, ADHD, and the comorbid state (ASD+ADHD) with a particular focus on shared phenomenology, differential diagnosis, and treatment considerations. RECENT FINDINGS ASD and ADHD have shared genetic heritability and are both associated with shared impairments in social functioning and executive functioning. Quantitative and qualitative differences exist, however, in the phenotypic presentations of the impairments which characterize ASD and ADHD. For ASD interventions to be maximally efficacious, comorbid ADHD needs to be considered (and vice versa). The research on ASD and ADHD suggests some overlap between the two disorders yet enough differences to indicate that these conditions are sufficiently distinct to warrant separate diagnostic categories.
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